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New England

Oct 27, 2014

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New England. What you know:. In which part of the USA is New England located: northeast, northwest, southeast, or southwest? What country borders New England on the north? 3. What US state borders New England on the west? 4. What oceans borders New England on the east?

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What you know: • In which part of the USA is New England located: northeast, northwest, southeast, or southwest? • What country borders New England on the north? • 3. What US state borders New England on the west? • 4. What oceans borders New England on the east? • 5. What mountain range runs through much of New England? HINT: LOOK AT THE MAP!!! 

Introduction • New England is a region of the United States located in the north-eastern corner of the country. • It comprises the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. New England’s flag • The region's most packed city, as well as its business and cultural center, is Boston.

Geography of New England The seacoast of the region, extending from southwestern Connecticut to northeastern Maine, is dotted with lakes, hills, swamps, and sandy beaches, especially in Cape Cod. Farther from the coast are higher elevations, including mountain ranges and rocky hills, which extend through Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine.

A Brief History -The region was inhabited by Indigenous peoples when English Pilgrims, fleeing religious persecution in Europe, arrived nearly four hundred years ago, at the beginning of the 17th century. -In the 18th century, New England was one of the first North American British colonies to demonstrate ambitions of independence from the British Crown, although it later oppose the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. -In the 19th century, it played a prominent role in the movement to abolish slavery in the United States, became a source of some of the first examples of American literature and philosophy, and showed the first signs of the effects of the Industrial Revolution in North America.

SIX MAIN STATES OF NEW ENGLAND

Vermont Vermont is a state in the New England region of the United States, located in the northeastern part of the country. The state ranks 43rd in land area at 9,250 square miles and has a population of 608,827, one of the smallest of the 50 states. Facts: Capital: Montpelier Largest city: Burlington Governor: Jim Douglas U.S. Senators: Patrick Leahy Jim Jeffords Official language(s): None

A Brief History: Originally inhabited by Native American tribes (Iroquois, Algonquian and Abenaki), the territory that is now Vermont was claimed by France but became a British possession after France's defeat in the French and Indian War. For many years, rightful control of the area was disputed by the surrounding colonies. Settlers who held land titles granted by the Province of New Hampshire, through their Green Mountain Boys militia, eventually prevailed. Vermont became the 14th state to join the United States, following a 14-year period during and after the Revolutionary War as the independent Republic of Vermont.

New Hampshire was first explored in 1600-1605. In 1697 it became the “Royal Province” Indian raids were a serious problem before 1763 and many men, women, and children were scalped. New Hampshire was one of the Thirteen Colonies and were great supporters of the American Revolution. They revolted against the British. In doing that New Hampshire was the first state to declare its independence. However not many battles were fought their only the raid on Fort William and Mary, December 14, 1774 in Portsmouth Harbor, which netted the rebellion sizable quantities of gunpowder, small arms, and cannon over the course of two nights.

New Hampshire was a Jacksonian stronghold; the state sent Franklin Pierce to the White House in the election of 1852. Industrialization took the form of many textile mills, which in turn attracted large flows of immigrants from Quebec and Ireland. The northern parts of the state produced lumber and the mountains provided tourist attractions. After 1960, the textile industry collapsed, but the economy rebounded as a center of high technology and a service provider. In 1952 New Hampshire got great awareness due to their presidential primary held early in every presidential election year. It at once became the most significant testing grounds for candidates for the Republican and Democratic nominations. The media give New Hampshire about half of all the attention paid to all states in the primary process, magnifying the state's decision power.

Massachausetts • Population approaching 6.5 million in a relatively small area • it is mostly urban and suburban in its eastern half and still primarily rural in the west. • It is the most crowded of al states of new England • known as the 'Cradle of Liberty' for the revolutionary ferment in Boston that helped spawn the war of the Thirteen Colonies for independence.

Brief History: During the nineteenth century, Massachusetts transformed itself from a mainly agricultural economy to a manufacturing one, making use of its many rivers for power to operate factories for shoes, furniture, and clothing. Its economy declined in the early twentieth century when industry moved south in search of cheaper labor.

Rhode Island • The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (commonly known as Rhode Island) is the smallest state by land area in the United States, and the state with the longest official name. It covers an area of approximately 1,214 square miles (3,144  km²) and is bordered on the north and east by Massachusetts, on the west by Connecticut, and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean.

Just in Brief: History • the first of the 13 American colonies to declare independence from British rule (May 4, 1776) • The Island's tradition of independence and dissent gave it a prominent role in the American Revolution. • 1772 - the first bloodshed of the American Revolution took place in Rhode Island when a band of Providence residents attacked a grounded British ship for enforcing unpopular British trade regulations in the incident, which was later give the name: “Gaspee Affair.” • last to join the United States (May 29, 1790)—doing the latter only after being threatened with having its exports taxed as a foreign nation.

Connecticut • 5th of the original thirteen states. • The name “Connecticut” comes from the Mohegan Indian word “Quinnehtukqut” meaning "Long River Place" or "Beside the Long Tidal River.“ • The first European to explore Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block in 1614. The English settlers came in 1633 and because the Dutch were outnumbered by the English, they left Connecticut in1654.

Demographics: • Religion • The religious affiliations of the people of Connecticut are: • Christian – 83% • Protestant – 48% • Baptist – 10% • Episcopal – 6% • Methodist – 4% • Lutheran – 4% • Congregational/United Church of Christ – 2% • Other Protestant or general Protestant – 22% • Roman Catholic – 34% • Other Christian – 1% • Jewish – 3% • Other Religions – 1% • Non-Religious – 13% • Economy: The total gross state product for 2004 was $187 billion. • The per capita income for 2005 was $47,819, ranking 1st among the states. • Halford is one of the ten cities with the lowest per capita incomes in America.

Maine Population: 1,274,923Counties: 16Land Area: 33,215 sq. milesCoastline: 3,500 miles Forest: 17 million acresLargest City: PortlandState Capitol: AugustaStatehood: 23rd State on March 15, 1820

Other Interesting Facts A person from New England is referred to as a New Englander or a Yankee. Together, the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions are referred to as the Northeastern region of the United States. New England is also a part of the greater U.S.-Canada Atlantic Northeast region. Mount Washington , at 1,917 m (6,288 ft), in New Hampshire's White Mountains, is the highest peak in New England.

Quiz • How many states does New England has? • Name all 6 states of New England. • Name the cultural and business centre of this region. • Name New England’s mountain that has the highest peak and also name the state where its located. • A person from New England is referred to as…? • New Hampshire was first explored in…? • The first European to explore Connecticut was the Dutch explorer named…? • Vermont was originally inhabited by…?

Thank You For Your Time!

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In your Social Studies Notebook answer the following question:

Why do you think people move to new places?

The 13 Colonies

The 13 colonies all were all on the east coast of America but they were all discovered at different times and for different reasons.

Today you will learn about the New England Colonies.

For further reference you can review this video:

New England Colonies

Massachusetts

Connecticut

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

• Separatist, looking to practice their religion without being persecuted
• Wanted to separate from the Anglican Church (Church of England)
• Arrived to Massachusetts by the Mayflower (supposed to be in Virginia but was blown off course) by charter from the King
• Created the Mayflower compact (a governing document signed by the pilgrims before landing on plymouth harbor.
• Founded Plymouth colony and was led by William Bradford.
• Wanted to change some practices of the Anglican Church
• Arrived to Massachusetts by a charter from the King.
• Founded the Massachusetts bay colony
• Led by John Winthrop, and authoritative leader who believed that only Puritans should have the right to run the government of Massachusetts

Both were looking for a place that they can practice their religion freely.

Came to the new world with a charter, an offical document giving them permission to find a new colony

Founded by Thomas Hooker.

Takes about 100 settlers down the connecticut river and creates a document called “The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut” to express indifference in government that he saw the Massachusetts colony ran by John Whinthrop. Thomas Hooker believed that all people, including non Puritans, who own land should have the right to run the government as well.

Thomas Hooker vs. John Winthrop

• Puritan Minister
• Was not satisfied by the rules of Massachusetts and John Winthrop’s idea
• Believed that the government should be inclusive for everyone and limited power of the government.
• Wrote the “Fundamentals orders of Connecticut “
• Stong, Authoritative governor of the Massachusetts
• Very influenced by other colonies
• Believed that only Puritans should run the government.
• Thomas Hooker
• John Winthrop

As the colony population is rising other people were looking for more opportunities and there were indentured servant who are earning their freedom to work and build their own families. This is called economic development.

Settlements begin to expand and more colonist moved from the northern and southern part of Massachusetts to provide more economic development, which is how New Hampshire begin.

Led by Roger Williams Puritan Minister of the Rhode Island colony

He argues that the Puritan Church has too much power and that the government and the puritan church should be separate.

Also believed in religious toleration. Although he had the same religious beliefs as Thomas Hooker and John Winthrop, he felt that people who were non-Puritans should also have the freedom to practice their own belief.

Anne Hutchinson

Anne Hutchinson was another person who disagreed with the Puritan leaders. She said that people should understand the Bible their own way. Because of this act, she was put on trial and was forced out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1638 and she found a settlement called Portsmouth in Rhode Island.

Explain the reasons why each colony created their own colony.

Explain the views of each leader based on how they felt each colony should run.

• Roger Williams