roman numerals homework year 4

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Roman numerals to 100 lesson pack (Year 4 Number and Place Value)

Subject: Mathematics

Age range: 7-11

Resource type: Lesson (complete)

Last updated

5 October 2019

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This ready-to-use, top quality set of resources allows teachers to easily teach the Year 4 Maths topic of Roman numerals to 100 to a mixed ability class. This lesson forms part of a series of lessons on Number and Place Value which include coverage of the objectives: • Count from 0 in multiples of 6, 7, 9, 25 and 1000 • Identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations • Recognise the place value of each digit in a four digit number (thousands, hundreds, tens and ones) • Find 1000 more or less than a given number • Order and compare numbers beyond 1000 • Round any number to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000 • Count backwards through 0 to include negative numbers The editable teaching presentation effectively models concepts to children and is accompanied by a lesson plan and differentiated worksheets (with answers) – catering for the needs of most Year 4 children. The worksheets and lesson plan are both editable, giving you the option to make any changes you feel necessary with the knowledge you have about your class and school setting.

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Year 4 Number and Place Value Unit Pack

This pack contains all lessons and associated resources for the Year 4 Number and Place Value unit of work. This includes lesson plans, worksheets, presentations, a display pack, a never heard the word grid, key concept mats, morning mats and key word cards. 1. Roman numerals to 100 2. Round to the nearest 10 3. Round to the nearest 100 4. Count in 1000s 5. 1000s, 100s, 10s and 1s 6. Partitioning 7. Number line to 10,000 8. 1000 more or less 9. Compare numbers 10. Order numbers 11. Round to the nearest 1000 12. Count in 25s 13. Negative numbers

Year 4 Number and Place Value Week 1

This pack contains all lessons and associated resources for Week 1 of the Year 4 Number and Place Value unit of work. This includes lesson plans, worksheets and presentations for lessons 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. 1. Roman numerals to 100 2. Round to the nearest 10 3. Round to the nearest 100 4. Count in 1000s 5. 100s, 100s, 10s and 1s

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Roman numerals: fun teaching strategies for Year 4

Although Roman Numerals are not used frequently today, it’s important for children to see numbers represented in different ways.

Children will still see Roman numerals in lots of real-life contexts as they are a rich part of our cultural heritage, they teach basic maths facts, and they can be fun to learn!

Why do children need to learn these cumbersome relics from the past? Well, firstly it’s one of the statutory requirements to ‘read Roman numerals to 100 (I to C)’ in the Year 4 maths programme of study for Number. But, I also find that learning Roman numerals is a great way to help children increase their number sense, better understand how numbers work, and is particularly good for increasing mental maths skills.

Where to begin

It’s worth talking to the children about the history of Roman numerals to help them realise the various counting systems in the ancient world before the creation of Roman numbers and our own numerical system. For example, you could talk to them about the Etruscans, who lived in central Italy before the Romans and had their own numeral system with different symbols.

Give the children some context on how Roman numbers were widely used throughout the Roman Empire in everyday life and, following the fall of the Roman Empire, how they were used throughout Europe up until the 1600’s. Ask them to think about where they may have seen Roman numerals recently and show examples used on clocks, buildings and monuments.

Learning the basics

Initially it’s vitally important for children to learn what Roman Numerals look like, how they combine together to make different numbers and how to read/convert them. Understanding what Roman numerals represent can feel like deciphering a code. It can be challenging but can also present some really fun options for learning.

To get started, show children ‘the basics’. While Year 4 are only required to learn 1-100, there’s no reason why you can’t also introduce 500 = D and 1000 = M and share with them all 7 symbols.

Remembering I, V, X, L, C, D and M can be tricky, so ask the children to make up a sentence to help such as:

“ I V alue X ylophones L ike C ats D evour M ilk”

“ I f V era’s X -ray L ooks C lear D on’t M edicate”

“ I V iewed X avia L eaping C arelessly D own M ountains”

Another great way to help children learn these numerals is to play a simple recognition game such as a classic ‘Four In A Row’ game:

What you will need:

• Sticky labels to cover a 1-6 die in the Roman numerals V, X, L, C, D and M
• Some coloured counters
• A playing board

What to do:

• Find a partner, this is a game for two players.
• Take turns to roll the die. When you see your number, cover it up using one of your counters.
• The first player to get four numbers in a row (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) is the winner.

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How to combine numerals

It is important to help your pupils understand that numerals can be combined to make lots of different numbers. I tend to show them a 1-100 Roman numeral square then I explore various number combinations and explain how the numerals ‘work’.

The key rules are that when a symbol appears after a larger symbol, it is added (eg: VI = V + I = 5 + 1 = 6), and when a symbol appears before a larger symbol it is subtracted (eg: IX = X – I = 10 – 1 = 9). You can make up a rhyme or saying that can help with the learning:

When “left” is small and “right” is bigger, Subtract the “left” from “right-hand” figure.

Arguably, the first 12 Roman numerals are the most important to focus on as these are the numerals need for telling the time. Students should then also become aware that they shouldn’t use the same symbol more than three times in a row (e.g. 4 is written as IV not IIII).

You may decide to use a partially completed 1-100 square for children to complete themselves so they become familiar with the combinations or you play the Roman Numeral Bingo game:

• Read out numbers for children to spot on their Bingo cards. You can give each child a 1-100 number square of Roman numerals to help them.
• When children see the number on their card they cross it off.
• The first child to mark off a winning pattern is the winner.

Games that teach, build or strengthen maths skills and concepts while having fun is essential and a really exciting way for children to recognise and learn Roman numerals.

Taking the learning further

‘Doing’ maths with Roman numerals is a bit of a mixed bag. Adding and subtracting using Roman numerals is actually very easy but multiplication, division and fractions are much more of a challenge. The lack of a zero is a huge disadvantage so it’s little surprise that Indo-Arabic numerals slowly replaced Roman ones over the years.

Getting hands-on and minds-on is fundamental to really ‘getting’ Roman Numerals. I often find using safe matchsticks is a great way for children to not just form the numerals but also practise some addition and subtraction. Why not set a few word problems using them? Or you could play a sequence game where children can time each other to see how fast they can put Roman numerals in the correct sequence starting with the smallest number. I often set up some Roman numerals multiplication or division problems but just be careful, make sure the ‘times’ sign is in lower case to ensure there’s no confusion!

Roman numerals can be practised playing hopscotch, loop games, using input/output machines and number balances, as part of Venn diagrams and Carroll diagrams, to make magic squares, used as coordinates, for area and perimeter calculations, for codebreaking, exchanging money, playing calendar games, dice games, number snap, addition and subtraction grids and much more.

While learning to read and write, Roman numerals might not be the most important maths children will learn. There is still value in it because it is a fun way to integrate maths into history lessons, reinforce other maths concepts and develop children’s maths stamina, resilience and interest.

John Dabell

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Year 4 | Roman Numerals Worksheets

These Year 4 Roman numerals worksheets task your learners with converting a set of numbers into Roman numerals. Subsequently, they are prompted to reverse the process by converting Roman numerals back into number form. The children then proceed to solve addition and subtraction questions presented in Roman numerals.

This Year 4 Roman numerals worksheet is designed to provide a straightforward and efficient approach to understanding Roman numerals and their correlation with numbers. It is tailored to guide your pupils in grasping this ancient form of mathematics, ensuring they become familiar with Roman numerals. Studying Roman numerals fosters interdisciplinary learning by integrating mathematics with history and language arts, encouraging children to make connections across different subjects.

Our Year 4 Roman numerals worksheets are aligned with KS2 number and place value on the primary national curriculum. All of our Year 4 number and place value worksheets can be used with your ideas for primary maths activities, learning resources, teaching material, visual aids, games, differentiation, display boards, homework, and lesson plans.

You might also want to check out our Year 4 Place Value: 4-Digit Numbers Worksheets .

Explore all of our Year 4 maths worksheets .

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Roman Numerals Lesson

This Year 4 Roman Numerals lesson covers the prior learning of recognising the time on a clock using Roman numerals, before moving onto the main skill of recognising and calculating Roman numerals up to 100.

The lesson starts with a prior learning worksheet to check pupils’ understanding. The interactive lesson slides recap the prior learning before moving on to the main skill. Children can then practise further by completing the activities and can extend their learning by completing an engaging extension task.

National Curriculum Objective

Mathematics Year 4: (4N3b)  Read Roman numerals to 100 (I to C) and know that over time, the numeral system changed to include the concept of zero and place value

Mathematics Year 4: (4N6)  Solve number and practical problems that involve all of the above and with increasingly large positive numbers

Get the most from lessons!

Resources for teachers

Interactive activities for children

2 Teaching Support

Lesson Slides

These lesson slides guides pupils through the prior learning of recognising the time on a clock using Roman numerals, before moving onto the main skill of Roman numerals. There are a number of questions to check pupils' understanding throughout.

Modelling Powerpoint

This powerpoint can be used to model the questions that the children will complete on the Varied Fluency and Reasoning & Problem Solving worksheets as part of this lesson.

Video Tutorial

Laura recaps numerals up to 12, and introduces 50 and 100 in this Read Roman Numerals Video Tutorial.

These are the same as the lesson slides on Classroom Secrets. You can assign this as an activity for pupils to access individually in school or remotely from home.

1 Prior Learning

This worksheet recaps recognising the time on a clock using Roman numerals, before moving onto the main skill of recognising and calculating Roman numerals up to 100.

In this Telling the Time to the Nearest 5 Minutes Video Tutorial, Vanessa shows pupils how to read the time on an analogue clock with numbers and Roman numerals.

Interactive Activity

This Year 3 Telling the Time to Five Minutes Game checks pupils’ understanding of reading the time from a clock with both numbers and Roman numerals.

2 Varied Fluency

This worksheet includes varied fluency questions for pupils to practise the main skill for this lesson.

This Year 4 Roman Numerals Game 2 checks pupils' understanding of converting Roman numerals into numbers and vice versa.

This Year 4 Roman Numerals Game includes five questions designed to test pupils' understanding of recognising and writing Roman numerals.

2 Reasoning & Problem Solving

This differentiated worksheet includes reasoning and problem solving questions to support the teaching of this step.

This Roman numerals extension task includes a challenge activity which can be used to further pupils' understanding of the concepts taught in the Roman numerals lesson.

Mixed Practice

This worksheet includes varied fluency, reasoning and problem solving questions for pupils to practise the main skill of Roman numerals.

Discussion Problem

This Discussion Problems worksheet includes two discussion problems which can be used in pairs or small groups to further pupils' understanding of the concepts taught in this lesson.

This maths challenge is designed to check pupils’ understanding of rounding to the nearest 10.

This differentiated worksheet includes varied fluency and reasoning and problem solving questions to support the teaching of this step.

2 Additional Activities

Subscription

Consolidation Pack

This resource is aimed at Year 4 Expected and has been designed to give children the opportunity to consolidate the skills they have learned in Autumn Block 1 Place Value.

Home Learning Pack

This Autumn week 4 Maths pack contains varied fluency, reasoning and problem solving worksheets.

Learning Video Clip

Jake is visiting the Colosseum whilst on holiday in Rome. He gets trapped in different areas and needs to use his knowledge of Roman numerals to escape.

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Achieving QTS

Student resources, year 4: roman numerals.

numeral, number, place value, place holder, digit, one-digit number, two-digit number, three-digit number, four-digit number

Starter Individual whiteboards and pens for the children 

Main Large sheets of sugar paper split into a ten by two grid as shown in Figure 9.1 (these will combine in the plenary to make one big hundred square containing Roman numerals).

Plenary A large 1–100 square (so children can compare and contrast Roman numerals with our number system)

Assessment opportunities

This lesson involves regular opportunities for children to discuss their thinking in pairs. Listen to the language they use and their confidence in justifying their reasoning.

Whilst they are working, ask children questions such as these:

• Why have you decided to write the number that way?
• How do you know you’ve recorded it correctly? What rules did you use?

Potential challenges  

The numbers the children will find most challenging are those that involve the element of subtraction, e.g. 4, 9, 14, 19. Children may forget about this rule or apply the rule incorrectly; for example, they might record 19 as XVIIII or think they can record a number such as 8 as IIX (10 – 2). You might want to record a list of the ‘tricky’ numbers on the board to help remind the children of the numbers they can apply the subtraction rule to.

Look out for children who have a limited understanding of place value. Comparing and contrasting the Roman numerals to our number system may expose some gaps in understanding about how our number system works. Children may not have fully understood the significance of zero and how this is used as a place holder within our number system.

Ways the lesson could be adapted

For classes who find it challenging to work collaboratively the lesson could be structured so that children work in pairs to record as many numbers, using Roman numerals, as they can on a blank hundred square. They could then bring this to the plenary to compare and contrast it with our Hindu–Arabic hundred square.

For children who already have some prior knowledge of Roman numerals you could ask them to convert a number pattern into Roman numerals to explore whether similar patterns exist, e.g. 3, 13, 23, 33, 43, 53, etc. or 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, etc. This would again provide a good forum to compare and contrast the systems and to reinforce the importance of place value within the number system we use today.