connectors in essay sample

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Connectors in English: How to Use Them to Make Your English Flow Beautifully

Are your essays in English marked poorly despite your grammatically correct sentences?

Have you ever been told that your paragraphs don’t connect to each other even though they talk about the same topic?

This is where English connectors come in—a.k.a., the words I’ve marked in bold above!

Today, I’m going to talk about what connectors in English are, the most common ones you’ll come across and how to practice them.

Once you’re done with this article, I hope you’ll agree that these words and phrases are simply magical!

What Are English Connectors?

English connectors for cause and effect, english connectors for illustration, english connectors for emphasis, english connectors for comparison, english connectors for contrast, english connectors for sequence, english connectors for conclusion, tips for practicing english connectors, and one more thing....

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere. Click here to get a copy. (Download)

English connectors are little words and phrases that help you connect sentences, paragraphs and ideas. Used both in spoken and written English, they help make your English sound more logical and structured.

You can think of connectors as like the thread that holds a necklace’s beads (i.e. sentences, paragraphs and ideas) together.

In fact, you probably already use them without even realizing it!

Note that English connectors are different from English conjunctions . While conjunctions link two or more words or clauses within a sentence, connectors establish that two separate sentences or ideas are related to each other. 

To help you understand further, I’m going to walk you through some of the most common connectors in English and how they’re used. Some are used formally, while others are more casual. Some are even  interchangeable —that is, you can use them in place of similar words.

In everyday conversations , we often need to explain things.

Perhaps you were late for school because your car ran out of gas. Or you want to buy chocolates because you want to surprise your mother on her birthday.

Explaining things will be much easier if you throw in these important English connectors.

Let’s take a look at them!

Giving illustrations or examples helps us prove our point and convince other people to believe us. These words help people understand what you’re trying to say and can help them see why you believe what you believe.

While discussing an issue or idea, you may want to focus on a particular point or example. To make the listener understand the importance of that specific idea, you can use the following connectors.

Sometimes, we need to draw attention to certain similarities to make a point or explain something. This is especially important in writing!

To make better comparisons, use the following English connectors.

Sometimes, we need to express different or contradicting ideas side-by-side. Doing this helps the listener or reader focus on important differences and makes them aware of the many sides of a topic.

These connectors are useful when you’re giving step-by-step instructions or listing points.

Finally , how do you let your reader know that you’ve reached the end? (See what I did there?)

There are certain connectors that we usually use during conclusions or when we’ve reached the end of what we wanted to say. When writing or stating conclusions, you usually repeat the most important points.

Here are some quick tips that’ll help you learn English connectors more efficiently.

Make Your Own Sentences

To explain the meanings and uses of different connectors, I’ve provided example sentences for each. However, you’ll remember them much better if you come up with your own examples.

You can start by using connectors in your diary entries, notebooks, essays and the like. Soon, you’ll find yourself using these connectors in everyday speech as well!

Write a Short Story or Essay

To see the huge difference English connectors can make, try writing a paragraph without any connectors and then rewrite it using some of the connectors above. You’ll quickly realize that your sentences will flow better, sound more logical and become easier to understand.

Learn English with Authentic Content

You probably want to speak English like a native (or at least try to). So why not learn from natives? Try watching a speech in English to get a good idea of how these fit together. Look for the ones with transcripts that you can write notes in, maybe even circling all of the connecting terms as you see them. 

FluentU takes authentic videos—like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks—and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.

You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download the iOS app or Android app.

P.S. Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)

Try FluentU for FREE!

Do Online Exercises

Finally, to check whether you’ve understood how to use connectors correctly, you can try online exercises from websites that cover English grammar .

For example, the ones on English Daily  and English Grammar are pretty short and can be completed in a few minutes.

There’s also ToLearnEnglish , which provides a brief list of common connectors before you solve the exercise, making it a great resource for review.

Now that you know the most commonly-used English connectors, you can use them in sentences and paragraphs with great confidence. Try your hand at some of the exercises I’ve suggested for practice.

So what are you waiting for?

Get out there and start incorporating these useful English connectors into your everyday life!

If you like learning English through movies and online media, you should also check out FluentU. FluentU lets you learn English from popular talk shows, catchy music videos and funny commercials , as you can see here:

If you want to watch it, the FluentU app has probably got it.

The FluentU app and website makes it really easy to watch English videos. There are captions that are interactive. That means you can tap on any word to see an image, definition, and useful examples.

FluentU lets you learn engaging content with world famous celebrities.

For example, when you tap on the word "searching," you see this:

FluentU lets you tap to look up any word.

Learn all the vocabulary in any video with quizzes. Swipe left or right to see more examples for the word you’re learning.

FluentU helps you learn fast with useful questions and multiple examples. Learn more.

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• Linking Words & Connector Words: Ultimate List With Examples
• Learn English
• James Prior
• No Comments
• Updated February 23, 2024

Linking words and connector words are essential tools for effective communication and writing. They play a crucial role in connecting ideas, enhancing coherence, and guiding the flow of information. Whether you’re writing an essay, giving a presentation, or engaging in a conversation, using appropriate linking words can greatly improve the clarity and effectiveness of your message.

In this ultimate list of linking words, we have compiled a comprehensive collection of linking words along with examples to help you understand their usage and apply them in various contexts. From words that highlight contrast and similarity to those that indicate cause and effect or order of importance, this list covers a wide range of linking words to suit different purposes.

Ready to link your words? Let’s get started!

Table of Contents

What are linking words?

Linking words, also known as connector words or transition words, are words or phrases that connect ideas or parts of a text, providing coherence and smoothness to the overall flow of information. They serve as bridges between sentences, paragraphs, or even larger sections of a document, helping to establish relationships, indicate contrasts, add information, show cause and effect, provide examples, and more.

Here are some common categories of linking words with examples:

Linking words for addition

Addition: Words that show the addition of information or ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you add information, reinforce ideas, or provide further examples in your writing or conversation. Use them appropriately to expand on your points and enhance the overall coherence and richness of your communication.

• She is fluent in English, and additionally, she speaks French and Spanish.
• The report highlights the benefits of renewable energy; furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of conservation.
• The new system not only improves efficiency but moreover, it reduces costs.
• In addition to his regular job, he volunteers at a local charity.
• She not only excels in academics but also actively participates in extracurricular activities.
• The team consists of experienced professionals as well as enthusiastic newcomers.
• The company values teamwork; likewise, it fosters individual growth and development.
• Besides working full-time, he manages to pursue his hobbies and spend time with famil
• The website offers free shipping; what’s more, customers can enjoy a 30-day money-back guarantee.
• On top of their regular duties, employees are encouraged to take part in professional development opportunities.
• Developing strong interpersonal skills is equally important as acquiring technical knowledge.
• The event attracted a large audience, not to mention the media coverage it received.
• Along with the new software update, customers will also receive enhanced customer support.
• The company achieved its sales targets for the year; what is more, it surpassed them by 20%.
• The team completed the project ahead of schedule; besides that, they received positive feedback from the client.
• The company’s commitment to quality, coupled with its competitive pricing, sets it apart from its competitors.

Linking words for contrast

Contrast: Words that highlight differences or contrasting ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you express contrasting ideas and show the differences between two or more concepts or situations. Remember to use them appropriately based on the context and your intended meaning.

• She studied hard; however, she didn’t pass the exam.
• John loves traveling; on the other hand, his sister prefers staying at home.
• The weather was terrible; nevertheless, they decided to go for a walk.
• He had a sprained ankle; nonetheless, he played in the soccer match.
• Despite the rain, they went to the beach.
• In spite of the traffic, they arrived on time.
• Although it was late, they continued with their work.
• Even though she was tired, she went to the gym.
• I enjoy reading, while my brother prefers watching movies.
• Sarah loves cooking, whereas her husband prefers eating out.
• Unlike his friends, Mark is not a fan of horror movies.
• She hates winter; conversely, I love it.
• She expected him to be upset; on the contrary, he was happy.
• They planned to go to the cinema, but instead, they stayed home and watched a movie.
• The cat is small and playful, in contrast to the dog, which is big and lazy.
• He enjoys sports; conversely, his sister prefers art.
• On one hand, the book is interesting; on the other hand, it’s quite lengthy.
• They could go by car, or alternatively, they could take the train.
• The movie received mixed reviews; nevertheless, it became a box office hit.
• She didn’t pass the test, but in any case, she learned a lot from studying.

Linking words for similarity

Similarity: Words that highlight similarities or shared ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you express similarities between two or more ideas, situations, or individuals. Use them appropriately based on the context to highlight shared characteristics or experiences.

• Sarah enjoys reading; likewise, her brother is an avid reader.
• John and Emily both love hiking; similarly, they enjoy spending time in nature.
• Just as Sarah likes swimming, in the same way, her best friend enjoys diving.
• Jack has a passion for photography, similarly to his sister who is also an enthusiast.
• Just like her mother, Jane has a talent for playing the piano.
• The two artists approach their work in a similar vein, both using vibrant colors and bold brushstrokes.
• Mark loves cooking, and by the same token, he also enjoys experimenting with new recipes.
• As the workload increased, the stress levels of the employees correspondingly rose.
• Both Sarah and Emily are equally skilled in playing the guitar.
• The designer creates unique clothing pieces, and in a similar fashion, the jewelry maker crafts one-of-a-kind accessories.
• Just as the sun rises in the morning, the moon appears in the evening.
• The teacher explains complex concepts in a simple and understandable way, in the same manner as her colleague.
• He enjoys hiking and camping, and his friends, likewise, too, share his enthusiasm for outdoor activities.
• Just as a bird builds its nest with care and precision, in the same way, an architect plans and constructs a building.
• The two books explore themes of love and loss, along similar lines, inviting readers to contemplate the human experience.
• As with all great artists, Picasso’s work continues to inspire and influence generations.
• Exercise is essential for physical health, and just as importantly, it is crucial for mental well-being.
• Much like a puzzle, life consists of various pieces that fit together to form a bigger picture.

Linking words for cause and effect

Cause and Effect: Words that demonstrate cause and effect relationships.

These linking words and phrases can help you express the cause-and-effect relationship between events or actions. Use them appropriately based on the context to convey the reason and result of a particular situation or occurrence.

• He failed the exam because he didn’t study.
• They arrived early since they left home on time.
• As a result of heavy rainfall, the streets were flooded.
• The event was canceled due to bad weather conditions.
• The store was closed, therefore, they had to find another place to shop.
• He missed the train, consequently, he arrived late to the meeting.
• Owing to a power outage, the concert was postponed.
• She didn’t have enough sleep, thus, she felt tired throughout the day.
• He couldn’t attend the party, for this reason, he sent his apologies.
• The storm caused damage to the houses, resulting in the need for repairs.
• The baby was hungry, so she started crying.
• Lack of exercise and poor diet often leads to weight gain.
• They missed the train because of heavy traffic.
• The roads were icy, this is why there were many accidents.
• They spent all their money, as a consequence, they couldn’t afford the trip.
• He quit smoking, and since then, he feels healthier.
• The company introduced a new product, and in turn, its sales increased.
• She studied hard so that she could pass the exam.

Linking words for time and sequence

Time and sequence: Words that indicate time or sequence of events or actions.

These linking words and phrases can help you express the chronological order and sequence of events or actions. Use them appropriately to guide your audience through the progression of ideas or to outline the steps in a process or narrative.

• Firstly, let’s discuss the main causes of climate change.
• Secondly, we need to consider the potential solutions to the problem.
• Next, we will move on to the implementation phase of the project.
• We need to complete the research phase first. Then, we can start analyzing the data.
• After that, we can proceed with the construction of the building.
• The company experienced financial difficulties. Subsequently, they had to lay off several employees.
• The team was working on the project. Meanwhile, the marketing department was preparing the promotional materials.
• The two processes are happening simultaneously, ensuring efficient production.
• The report will be ready in a week. In the meantime, please proceed with the other tasks.
• During the meeting, we will discuss the budget and timeline.
• While he was studying, his friends were playing video games.
• Please wait here until your name is called.
• We need to complete the paperwork before the deadline.
• She attended the conference, and afterward, she shared her insights with the team.
• Finally, we reached an agreement after a long negotiation process.
• In the end, they decided to cancel the project due to budget constraints.
• The presentation was engaging, and at the same time, informative.
• Initially, he struggled with the new software, but with practice, he became proficient.
• At first, the project seemed overwhelming, but with proper planning, it became manageable.

Linking words for order of importance

Order of Importance: Words that highlight the hierarchy or ranking of ideas based on their significance.

These linking words and phrases can help you establish the order of importance when presenting ideas or arguments. Use them to emphasize the significance of certain points, highlight key considerations, or guide the reader’s attention to the most critical aspects.

• Most importantly, we need to prioritize the safety of our employees.
• Above all, we must prioritize the needs of our customers.
• The company’s success primarily depends on effective leadership and strategic planning.
• First and foremost, we need to address the urgent issue of inflation.
• The new policy chiefly focuses on reducing waste and promoting sustainability.
• Notably, the project resulted in significant cost savings for the organization.
• Above anything else, maintaining a high standard of quality is our top priority.
• It is essential to note that effective communication is the foundation of strong relationships.
• It is worth mentioning that the company’s ethical practices have earned it a positive reputation.

Linking words for exemplification

Example: Words that provide examples or illustrate a point.

These linking words and phrases can help you introduce examples and provide further clarification or evidence to support your statements. Use them to enhance your explanations and illustrate your points effectively.

Here’s a list of linking words and phrases that are commonly used to illustrate an example, along with examples:

• There are many fruits you can choose from, for example, apples, oranges, and bananas.
• Many countries have implemented environmental policies; for instance, Sweden has significantly reduced its carbon emissions.
• I enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and swimming.
• The party was attended by several guests, including friends, family, and colleagues.
• He has many hobbies, like painting, playing the guitar, and photography.
• The company provides various employee benefits, as an illustration, health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off.
• Let me give you an example to illustrate my point.
• There are several endangered species in the area, namely the African elephant, the Bengal tiger, and the giant panda.
• The city offers various attractions, in particular, museums, parks, and historical landmarks.
• The project requires specific skills, specifically programming and data analysis.
• By way of example, let’s consider the case of a successful startup that disrupted the market.
• To give an example, let’s say you want to improve your fitness; you can try activities like jogging, swimming, or joining a gym.
• The experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effects of temperature on plant growth.
• As a case in point, many countries have implemented renewable energy initiatives to combat pollution.
• I will use a specific scenario to exemplify how the new policy can be implemented effectively.
• The job requires strong communication skills , in essence, the ability to express ideas clearly and persuasively.
• The city has invested in renewable energy projects to reduce its carbon footprint. One example of this is the installation of solar panels on public buildings.
• To be specific, the company offers three main product lines: electronics, appliances, and furniture.
• The data collected serves as proof that the new marketing strategy is effective.
• In a similar manner, many companies have embraced remote work as a response to the pandemic.

Linking words for focusing

These linking words and phrases can help you direct attention or emphasize a specific aspect of your discussion or argument. Use them appropriately to highlight the main points or focus areas, ensuring clarity and precision in your communication.

Here’s a list of linking words and phrases that are commonly used to express focusing or directing attention, along with examples:

• Specifically, we need to address the issue of employee turnover in our department.
• The marketing team has made significant progress, particularly in digital advertising.
• In particular, we need to improve our customer service to enhance customer satisfaction.
• Notably, the company achieved a record-breaking sales figure in the last quarter.
• This task requires attention to detail, especially when dealing with sensitive data.
• Specifically speaking, the new software update addresses the security vulnerabilities.
• Above all, we must prioritize the safety of our employees.
• The company’s success mainly relies on customer satisfaction and brand reputation.
• The primary goal of our project is to reduce waste and promote sustainability.
• Essentially, our focus should be on optimizing operational efficiency.
• Individually, each team member plays a crucial role in achieving our objectives.
• Precisely, we need to adhere to the project timeline to meet the deadline.
• Specifically, with regards to customer feedback, we have received positive reviews.
• The new product line has a sleek design, not to mention its advanced features.
• It is worth noting that the market trends are shifting towards online shopping.
• Above everything else, we need to prioritize the quality of our products.
• In essence, our primary objective is to provide exceptional customer service.
• To be more precise, we should focus on improving our supply chain management.
• In specific terms, the sales team needs to focus on building client relationships.
• More importantly, we need to address the concerns raised by our customers.

Linking words for conclusion

Conclusion: Words that summarize or conclude a text.

These linking words and phrases can help you signal the conclusion of your argument, presentation, or essay. Use them to summarize key points, restate your main argument, or provide a final thought or recommendation.

• In conclusion, it is evident that deforestation poses a significant threat to our planet.
• To sum up, the project was a great success, exceeding all expectations.
• Ultimately, the decision lies in your hands.
• All in all, it was a memorable vacation filled with adventure and relaxation.
• Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for their hard work and dedication.
• In summary, the findings of the study suggest a strong correlation between exercise and mental well-being.
• To conclude, the evidence supports the hypothesis that regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.
• The data collected consistently points to the same conclusion; therefore, we can confidently assert our findings.
• In essence, the research demonstrates that social media has a profound impact on interpersonal relationships.
• The campaign received widespread support, and as a result, donations increased significantly.
• In a nutshell, the project aims to promote sustainability through renewable energy initiatives.
• The experiments consistently yielded similar results; thus, we can draw a definitive conclusion.
• The evidence strongly suggests a link between smoking and lung cancer; hence, it is crucial to raise awareness about the risks.
• In light of these findings, it is necessary to reconsider the current educational policies.
• The company faced financial challenges, and consequently, had to downsize its workforce.
• In conclusion, it can be stated that effective communication is the key to successful teamwork.
• Taking all factors into account, it is clear that globalization has both positive and negative consequences.
• The lack of investment resulted in decreased productivity, as a consequence, the company experienced a decline in profits.
• The study findings reveal a correlation between stress levels and sleep quality; thus, it can be inferred that managing stress positively affects sleep.
• Given these points, it is evident that the project should be prioritized for its long-term benefits.

If you’d like more examples, check out this list of other ways to say in conclusion .

Conclusion: Ready to link your words?

These are just some examples of linking words, and there are numerous other linking words and phrases available for different purposes and contexts. Using them appropriately can greatly enhance the clarity and coherence of your writing or speech. So, if you want to become more fluent in English, it’s time to start thinking about linking words!

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Essay Connectors in English and Examples

In this useful lesson, we’re going to explore some magic keys that help link your ideas together in English: essay connectors! Think of these connectors as bridges that help your thoughts flow smoothly from one to the next, making your stories and explanations easier to follow.

Whether you’re just starting your English learning journey or looking to polish your skills, these connectors will be your best friends in writing and speaking more clearly. So, get ready to add some sparkle to your English with these handy tools!

Table of Contents

What are Connectors in an Essay?

Connectors are words or phrases that join two or more sentences together. They can be used to create smooth, logical sentences. In this blog post, we’ll take a look at some of the most common connectors in English and give you some examples of how to use them.

They are also called linking words or linking phrases.

Why use Connectors in an Essay?

Connector words and phrases help to create a smooth, logical flow of ideas in your essay. They make your writing easier to read and understand.

List of Essay Connectors in Detail

It is always a good idea to start your essay with a strong sentence. One way to do this is to use a result connector. A result connector shows the outcome or consequence of something. Here are some examples:

• Consequently, we won’t be able to go on the trip.
• As a result, I got a bad grade on my test.

2) Contrast

Contrast connectors show the difference between two things. Here are some examples:

• However, I don’t think that’s a good idea.
• On the other hand, I believe that we should proceed with caution.

Time connectors express when something happens or how long it lasts. Here are some examples:

• Meanwhile, I’ll be waiting for your call.
• Since then, she’s been avoiding me.

4) Condition

Condition connectors are words or phrases that show a condition or requirement. Here are some examples:

Unless you study hard, you’ll never pass the test.

If it starts to rain, we’ll have to go inside.

5) Addition

Addition connectors express addition or increase. Here are some examples:

furthermore, moreover, and in addition.

• In addition, I think we should try a different approach.
• Furthermore, I don’t think this is a good idea at all.

6) Cause and Effect

Cause and effect connectors express the relationship between two things. They show how one thing caused another thing to happen. Here are some examples:

• The sound of the thunder caused her to scream.
• He didn’t study for the test, so he failed.

7) Location

Location connectors express where something takes place. Here are some examples:

• The meeting will be held in the conference room.
• She always sleeps in her bed.

Purpose connectors express the reason why something is done. They show the purpose of an action or event. Here are some examples:

• I’m studying English to improve my language skills.
• He was late for class because he lost his bus ticket.

9) Comparison

Comparison connectors compare two things. They show how they are similar or different. Here are some examples:

• He’s the best basketball player I’ve ever seen.
• She runs faster than any other girl on the track team.

10) Conditionals

Conditional connectors express a hypothetical situation. They show what would happen if something were to happen. Here are some examples:

• If I had more money, I would buy a new car.
• If you studied harder, you would likely get better grades.

As you can see, there are many different types of essay connectors in English. These connectors help you create clear and logical sentences. By using them correctly, you can make your writing sound more professional and academic.

How do you use Connectors in an Essay?

Using connectors in essays requires a few steps:

• Choose the connector that best suits your needs.
• Connect the two sentences with the connector.
• Make sure the sentences are logically connected.

Here’s an example:

Result: I didn’t get a good grade on my test.

Contrast: However, I got a good score on the practice test.

The result of not studying was that I got a bad grade on my test. However, the contrast is that I did well on the practice test.

Make sure your sentences are properly connected with a connector to create a logical argument. By using connectors, you can make your writing clear and concise.

Now that you know all about essay connectors, try using them in your own writing. Practice makes perfect, so keep practicing until using connectors becomes second nature to you. Soon, you’ll be writing essays that are clear, concise, and well-organized.

• In the same way
• Of contrast
• Despite this
• In comparison
• In contrast
• Even though

Cause & Effect

• Consequently
• As a result of
• As a consequence of
• Contributes of
• Brings about
• Because of this
• For this reason
• Results from
• Is the result of
• Is the consequence of
• Is caused by
• Nevertheless
• Alternatively
• On the contrary
• In spite of
• In addition
• Furthermore
• In addition to
• Additionally
• Not only … but also

illustration

• For example
• For instance
• In other words
• An instance
• As revealed by
• To show that
• In the case of
• As an example
• For one thing
• In my opinion
• As far as I know
• It seems likely
• It seems to me
• In my experience
• I believe that
• As for me, I think
• If I am not mistaken
• What I mean is
• I’d say that
• Personally, I think
• To conclude
• In conclusion
• On the whole
• Summarizing
• Undoubtedly

Last updated on March 27th, 2024 at 03:48 pm

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How to use paragraph connectors in English

What are connectors in English used for? Connectors or linkers can help you join two or more ideas (sentences), allowing you to have a more structured and harmonious delivery. Instead of using single sentences, you can connect them in a logical way.

In this article, you’ll learn about different types of connectors in English (contrast, cause, purpose, effect, addition, illustration, etc.) that will help you achieve optimal communication. 

This type of connector is used to create continuity in the text between two clauses that present contradictory ideas.

Also known as causative connectors, these are used to explain the reason behind something.

Enjoy our lessons from the comfort of your mobile phone, tablet, or laptop by downloading the ABA English app, in which you’ll find hundreds of lessons to improve your English level.

Everything we do has a consequence. In the previous category, we discussed what causes something to happen, in this case, we’re talking about the effect or result of an action.

You can use the purpose connectors when you want to express the intention behind an action or decision.

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These are used when you want to expand an idea by adding arguments.

Connectors to give examples

We use illustration connectors to clarify an idea by using examples.

Opinion connectors

You can start the sentence with these connectors when you want to express your point of view.

Explanatory connectors

These connectors can be used to give more details about the idea being developed.

To establish a sequence

These connectors allow us to describe ideas in a sequential and organised manner. 

Do you like learning about connectors in English? Follow our blog and discover how to use correlative conjunctions and many other connectors, too. 

If you want to perfect your English even more, you can sign up for our online English course. It offers hundreds of short films and fun lessons, so that you can learn to speak like a true native.

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Connecting Ideas Through Transitions

Writing that Establishes Relationships and Connections between Ideas

Introduction Common Kinds of Relationships Writers Establish between Ideas Cohesion Coherence Transition Words and Phrases

Introduction

According to poet and science writer Diane Ackerman, “one of the brain’s deepest needs [is] to fill the world with pathways and our lives with a design.” We naturally look for how things are related. In writing, this means that readers tend to assume that two side-by-side sentences or adjacent paragraphs relate to each other. If the pathways and design of your writing aren’t clear to readers, readers will either get confused or frustrated or try to mistakenly intuit their own connections. Both responses can be disastrous.

Good writing provides clear passages through all of your ideas so that readers don’t get lost or start to blaze their own conceptual trail. These connections between ideas occur at the sentence, paragraph, section, and (for longer works) even chapter level. As a writer, it is your responsibility to make sure that your readers follow this progression, that they understand how you arrive at your various ideas and how those ideas relate to each other. In this page, we explore how to make your connections between ideas understandable by using common relationship categories to compose sentences that are cohesive, paragraphs that are coherent, and transitions that clearly order and introduce ideas.

Common Kinds of Relationships Writers Establish between Ideas

Writers are always working to establish clear relationships between and within all of their ideas. Consider how Derek Thompson moves naturally between one concept to another in this short passage from his The Atlantic feature about the future of jobs entitled “A World Without Work”:

[1] One common objection to the idea that technology will permanently displace huge numbers of workers is that new gadgets, like self-checkout kiosks at drugstores, have failed to fully displace their human counterparts, like cashiers. [2] But employers typically take years to embrace new machines at the expense of workers. [3] The robotics revolution began in factories in the 1960s and ’70s, but manufacturing employment kept rising until 1980, and then collapsed during the subsequent recessions.

In the first sentence, Thompson begins with an idea that is familiar to readers at three different levels. The argument that machines haven’t replaced all retail employees and therefore won’t do so in the future is common to anyone who has thought much about workplace technology. This idea is also specifically familiar to the individuals who have been reading Thompson’s article. Finally, Thompson makes this idea even more familiar by connecting it to an example that his readers are familiar with: the effects of self-checkout kiosks. In his second sentence, Thompson uses the transition word “but” to establish a contrastive relationship; what he is about to say in some way opposes what he just said. He concludes this passage with a sentence providing chronologically organized evidence for the idea he raised through that contrast. In this example, he very quickly leads us from the 1960s to the late 20 th century and is able to cover a lot of ground clearly because he starts with happened earlier and concludes with what has happened more recently.

In just these three sentences, we can see Thompson establishing different kinds of relationships between concepts. He is:

• guiding us from familiar ideas into unfamiliar ones,
• comparing two unlike things,
• providing examples for his claims, and
• presenting information chronologically.

Familiarity, contrast, example, and chronology are four common ways that topics can be related, but there are several others. The following lists identifies key relationships that we tend to find naturally in the world around us when we ask questions like, “Why did that happen?” and, “How do these two things fit together?” If you can obviously situate any your ideas within these well-known structures, then readers will be able to more quickly understand the connections you are establishing between your ideas. In the list that follows we identify these common relationship categories, explain them, and provide examples of sentences that establish these kinds of relationships. (All off these sample sentences are about research in Lake Mendota—the body of water just north of the UW-Madison campus.)

Familiarity– Connecting what readers know to what they don’t known.

Learning often involves drawing from existing knowledge in order develop new knowledge. As a result, this is one of the most important relationships you can establish in your writing. Start with what your readers know (either because you can assume a common knowledge or because you’ve already told them about this earlier in your paper or even in the preceding sentence) in order to then take them to something they don’t know.

Example: When you dive into a lake for a quick swim, you’re actually entering a diverse limnology laboratory—the research field for the ecologists who study inland waters.

Causation– Connecting the instigator(s) to the consequence(s)

We are very familiar with thinking about ideas and processes in relationship to cause and effect. You can use the prevalence of this relationship to your advantage by relating your ideas to causation.

Example: In the mid-19 th century, the white sand beaches that used to line Lake Mendota were engulfed by the additional four feet of water that the Tenney Locks brought into the lake (Van Eyck).

Chronology– Connecting what issues in regard to when they occur.

This is particularly useful if you are describing a sequence of events or the steps of a process.

Example: In 1882, E.A. Birge was gathering data about the prevalence of blue-green algae in Lake Mendota (Van Eyck). By 1897, he was publishing about plankton (Birge). Even when he became president of UW-Madison several years later, his interest in freshwater lakes never waned (“Past presidents and chancellors”).

Combinations

Lists–connecting numerous elements..

You can think of this as a “this + this + this” model. You are saying that a collection of concepts or elements contribute equally or simultaneously to something. Within lists, it’s still important that you are being strategic about which elements you are identifying, describing, or analyzing first, second, and third.

Example: Across its studied history, Lake Mendota has been negatively affected by blue-green algae, Eurasian milfoil, spiny water fleas, and zebra mussels, among others (Van Enyck).

Part/Whole— Connecting numerous elements that make up something bigger.

This is a “this + this + this = that” model. You are showing how discrete elements form something else through their connections.

Example: Across generations, the damage Lake Mendota has sustained as a result of the unnaturally prolific prevalence of blue-green algae, Eurasian milfoil, spiny water fleas, and zebra mussels has irreparably altered these waters.

Contrast– Connecting two things by focusing on their differences.

This establishes a relationship of dis-similarity. It helps readers understand what something is by comparing it with something that it is not.

Example: But whereas boosting the population of walleye and northern perch in Lake Mendota effectively reduced the prevalence of Eurasian milfoil, scientists haven’t been able to develop a plan to respond to the damaging spiny water fleas (Van Eyck).

Example– Connecting a general idea to a particular instance of this idea.

Arguments are made more understandable and persuasive when you develop your overall claims in relationship to specific evidence that verifies or exemplifies those claims. Which examples will be the most persuasive (e.g., statistical data, historical precedent, anecdotes, etc.) will depend on the knowledge, interests, disposition, and expectations of your reader.

Example: “These new challenges demand new solutions, some behavioral (such as cleaning boats from lake to lake) and some research-driven (for example, identifying a natural predator for the invasive species)” (Van Eyck).

Importance– Connecting what is critical to what is more inconsequential.

This can also be thought of as connecting what is big to what is small. You may also choose to reverse these relationships by starting with what matters least or what is smallest and building to what is the most important or what is the most prominent. Just make sure that you are helping your reader understand which end of the spectrum you are starting with.

Example: Boaters were inconvenienced by the Eurasian milfoil clogging their propellers, but the plants’ real harm was dealt to the lake’s native flora and, consequently, its fish (Van Eyck).

Location– Connecting elements according to where they are placed in relationship to each other.

Even if you aren’t writing about geographical entities, you can still clarify how various ideas are positioned in relationship to each other.

Example: Whether or not the lake is pretty is peripheral to the issue of whether or not its natural ecosystems are in balance.

Similarity– Connecting two things by suggesting that they are in some way alike.

This highlights commonalities to show readers how elements or ideas are serving the same function.

Example: Just as invasive water flora (i.e., Eurasian milfoil) disrupted Lake Mendota’s ecosystem in the 1970s, in 2009 scientists discovered that the lake was being damaged by invasive water fauna (i.e., spiny water fleas) (Van Eyck).

While the examples provided above for each of these relationships is a sentence or short series of sentences where relationships are established through sequencing and transition words, you should also develop these kinds of common connections between ideas on a large scale through grammatical parallelism, paragraph placement, and your progression from one section to another.

Also, as can be seen in these examples, sometimes multiple different relationships are functioning simultaneously. For instance, consider again the example for the “Importance” item:

The ideas in this sentence work within the following relationship categories:

• Importance—Connecting what is more inconsequential (i.e., how boaters are bothered by Eurasian milfoil) to what is most critical (i.e., how the lake’s ecosystem is disrupted by Eurasian milfoil),
• Contrast—Connecting two things (i.e., boaters’ concerns and the lake’s wellbeing) by focusing on their differences,
• Causation—Connecting an instigator (i.e., Eurasian milfoil) to consequences (i.e., native plants’ destruction and, secondarily, the native animals’ destruction).

This collection of interwoven relational connections doesn’t mean that these ideas are jumbled; this is just an indication of how relationships can become interconnected.

Since clearly working within these relationship categories can be useful for organizing your key concepts as well as guiding readers through the structure of entire papers or particular paragraphs as well as sentences, different kinds of connections can be similarly layered across the whole structure of a paper. For example, if you are composing an argument about why it’s so hard for meteorologists to pin-point the severity and location of tornadoes, the overarching relationship of your ideas might be part/whole because you’re interested in how a range of factors contribute to a difficult prediction process. However, within your paragraphs, you might have to use chronological and causation relationships to describe the physical processes by which tornadoes are formed. And from sentence to sentence, you’ll need to make sure that you are starting with what’s familiar to your readers before moving into what’s new.

Joseph Williams and Joseph Bizup, in their handbook Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace , identify the process of moving from what is known to what is unknown as “cohesion.” “Sentences are cohesive ,” they write, “when the last few words of one sentence set up the information that appears in the first few words of the next” (67). They relate this careful sequencing to the issue of “flow”—readers find that ideas follow each other naturally when one sentence begins where the previous sentence left off.

Consider another annotated example passage from Derek Thompson’s economic analysis of the effects of automation and technology on jobs. This paragraph comes after one about how horses (once primary forces for industrial production) were made obsolete by transportation technology.

[1] Humans can do much more than trot, carry, and pull. [2] But the skills required in most offices hardly elicit our full range of intelligence. [3] Most jobs are still boring, repetitive, and easily learned. [4] The most-common occupations in the United States are retail salesperson, cashier, food and beverage server, and office clerk. [5] Together, these four jobs employ 15.4 million people—nearly 10 percent of the labor force, or more workers than there are in Texas and Massachusetts combined. [6] Each is highly susceptible to automation, according to the Oxford study.

Thompson’s most obvious application of Williams and Bizup’s concept of cohesion happens at the end sentence 4 and the beginning of sentence 5 where he first lists four professions (salesperson, cashier, server, and clerk) then begins the next sentence with, “these four jobs.”

But even on a conceptual level, Thompson is continuously moving from old information to new information. Consider this analysis of the conceptual shifts within each of these six sentences where Thompson’s ideas have been stripped down and his key concepts have been highlighted in different colors:

[1] Humans have more skills than horses. [2] Humans’ full range of skills aren’t always utilized by many office jobs . [3] Many jobs don’t push us to our full potential. [4] Here are the most common jobs . [5] These jobs employ many people. [6] These jobs could be eliminated through automation .

Thompson begins this paragraph by connecting a new idea (i.e., humans’ present occupational relationship to technology) to an old idea from the previous paragraph (i.e., horse’s past relationship to technology). After introducing the human subject, he then uses it to bring in his next topic: workplace skills. Then, through skills he brings in the issue of jobs, and jobs eventually lead him to the issue of automation. This sequence holds together like a line of conceptual dominoes.

Connecting new ideas to old is a practice that you should implement across sentences, paragraphs, and even whole sections of your writing. However, be careful. If this practice becomes heavy-handed or overdone, your writing can become patronizing to your readers. Make sure that you are clearly and comprehensively connecting ideas and not just sequencing subjects.

In Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace , Joseph Williams and Joseph Bizup also write about the importance of coherence. While “cohesion” and “coherence” sound similar, they are two different things. “Cohesion” is about ideas that connect to each other “the way two pieces of a jigsaw puzzle do,” whereas “coherence” “is when all the sentences in a piece of writing add up to a larger whole” (69). Sometimes this is also called “unity.” Coherence is achieved when the things you are writing about all clearly contribute to the same overarching topic. For example, let’s return to the domino example from above. The movement from humans to skills to jobs to automation works because Thompson’s larger article establishes a thematic connection between all of these topics: work changes in response to technological developments. Thompson is even able to start this paragraph with an otherwise unexpected reference to horses because in the previous paragraph he has shown his readers how horses also relate to this theme of work changing in response to technological development. Within your writing, it’s important to make sure that all of your smaller ideas are related to and pointed towards the same goal.

Williams and Bizup suggest one way of making sure that your writing is coherent or unified is to pay attention to what each of your sentences is about—its subject (the noun or pronoun that guides a sentence) and topic (the idea that is the focus of that sentence). In most sentences, your subject and topic should be the same thing. Also, most of the time your topic should be short and direct, and each paragraph should be primarily dedicated to one topic. As an example, consider again this paragraph from the Thompson article about human skills, jobs, and automation. The subjects/topics of each sentence have been highlighted.

1] Humans can do much more than trot, carry, and pull. [2] But the skills required in most offices hardly elicit our full range of intelligence. [3] Most jobs are still boring, repetitive, and easily learned. [4] The most-common occupations in the United States are retail salesperson, cashier, food and beverage server, and office clerk. [5] Together, these four jobs employ 15.4 million people—nearly 10 percent of the labor force, or more workers than there are in Texas and Massachusetts combined. [6] Each is highly susceptible to automation, according to the Oxford study.

Note that after setting up this paragraph in a way that connects back to the previous paragraph’s focus on horses, Thompson settles into the issue of jobs as his clear and primary focus. The final four sentences have some version of “jobs” as their subject and topic. This consistency allows him to develop coherent ideas about this one issue.

For more information about writing intentionally structured and unified paragraphs, check out our resource on paragraphing. Additionally, if you are trying to discern whether or not your paragraphs are functioning coherently across your entire paper, we recommend the practice of reverse outlining. You can find out more about this technique here.

Transition Words and Phrases

The best way to clearly communicate the logical pathways that connect your ideas is to make sure that you move smoothly from old information to new information (cohesion) and that your readers always understand how your primary topics contribute to the big picture of your overall argument (coherence). While we’ve considered ways that whole sentences and paragraphs can do this work, sometimes even individual words can help you establish clear, cohesive, and coherent relationships between your ideas. In writing these are often called “transition words.”

The following is a list of useful transition words and phrases. Following the list of common relationship categories provided above, these words are organized according to the kinds of relationships they frequently develop. Of course, establishing clear relationships between ideas requires much more than just dropping one of these into the start of a sentence, but used sparingly and carefully based on the logical associations they establish, these words can provide usefully obvious indications to your readers of the kind of connections you are trying to develop between your ideas.

Causation– Connecting instigator(s) to consequence(s).

accordingly as a result and so because

consequently for that reason hence on account of

since therefore thus

after afterwards always at length during earlier following immediately in the meantime

later never next now once simultaneously so far sometimes

soon subsequently then this time until now when whenever while

Combinations Lists– Connecting numerous events. Part/Whole– Connecting numerous elements that make up something bigger.

additionally again also and, or, not as a result besides even more

finally first, firstly further furthermore in addition in the first place in the second place

last, lastly moreover next second, secondly, etc. too

after all although and yet at the same time but

however in contrast nevertheless nonetheless notwithstanding

on the contrary on the other hand otherwise though yet

as an illustration e.g., (from a Latin abbreviation for “for example”)

for example for instance specifically that is

to demonstrate to illustrate

chiefly critically

foundationally most importantly

of less importance primarily

above adjacent to below beyond

centrally here nearby neighboring on

opposite to peripherally there wherever

Similarity– Connecting to things by suggesting that they are in some way alike.

by the same token in like manner

in similar fashion here in the same way

likewise wherever

Other kinds of transitional words and phrases Clarification

i.e., (from a Latin abbreviation for “that is”) in other words

that is that is to say to clarify to explain

to put it another way to rephrase it

granted it is true

naturally of course

finally lastly

in conclusion in the end

to conclude

Intensification

in fact indeed no

of course surely to repeat

undoubtedly without doubt yes

for this purpose in order that

so that to that end

to this end

in brief in sum

in summary in short

to sum up to summarize

Works Cited

Ackerman, Diane. “I Sing the Body’s Pattern Recognition Machine.” The New York Times , 15 June 2004. https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/15/science/essay-i-sing-the-body-s-pattern-recognition-machine.html . Accessed 6 June 2018.

Birge, Edward Asahel. Plankton Studies on Lake Mendota . Harvard University Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoolog., 1897.

“Past presidents and chancellors.” Office of the Chancellor , University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2016. https://chancellor.wisc.edu/past-presidents-and-chancellors/ . Accessed 16 June 2018.

Thompson, Derek. “A World Without Work.” The Atlantic , July/August 2015, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/07/world-without-work/395294/. Accessed 14 June 2018.

Van Eyck, Masarah. “Lake Mendota: a scientific biography.” L&S News , College of Letters and Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison, 29 Aug. 2016. http://ls.wisc.edu/news/lake-mendota-a-scientific-biography . Accessed 15 June 2018.

Williams, Joseph M. and Joseph Bizup. Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace . 12 th ed., Pearson, 2017.

Improving Your Writing Style

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Clear, Concise Sentences

Use the active voice

Put the action in the verb

Tidy up wordy phrases

Reduce wordy verbs

Reduce prepositional phrases

Reduce expletive constructions

Avoid using vague nouns

Avoid unneccessarily inflated words

Avoid noun strings

Transitional Words and Phrases

Using Transitional Words and Phrases

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StoryLearning

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85 Connectors In English To Speak And Write Fluently

When you speak and write, you express ideas.

Many ideas.

And if you want people to understand your ideas, you need to express them clearly.

Not only that. 

You also need to connect them together and show how they are related to each other.

This is why you need connectors in English.

These are words and phrases that are used to link different parts of a sentence or different sentences together to show the relationship between them.

And in this post, you're going to learn over 80 of them!

What Are Connectors In English?

Here’s a simple example.

I ate a sandwich because I was feeling hungry.

2 ideas: 

• eating a sandwich
• feeling hungry

How are they related?

The word “because” (a connector) links them together by showing their relationship.

One idea is the cause (feeling hungry), the other idea is the consequence (eating a sandwich). 

Connectors in English are an essential part of the English language and in this blog post you will explore different types of connectors and look at a lot of examples of how they’re used.

Types Of Connectors In English

There are many different types of connectors in English. 

These include:

• Cause, effect, and result
• Sequence 

Let’s learn more about each type.

Connectors Of Cause, Effect, And Result

Connectors of cause, effect, and result show the relationship between events or actions.

Some examples:

• I couldn't come to the party because I had to work late.
• Since our return flight to Milan was cancelled, we had to spend one more day in Paris.

3. As A Result

• She studied hard and, as a result, she got an A on the test.

4. Consequently

• Many people today do not have time to cook healthy meals for themselves. Consequently, they often end up eating too much junk food.

5. Therefore

• Learning a language requires practice. Therefore, it’s important to find as many practice opportunities as you can.

6. Hence (Formal)

• Language learning can be more effective when you know what you want to achieve. Hence it is important to be clear about your language learning goals.
• She woke up late, so she missed her flight.

8. On Account Of

• All public transport services were cancelled on account of the strike.

9. Owing To (Formal)

• He remained sick owing to poorly prepared food.

10. Thanks To

• I was able to learn English thanks to the help of a great teacher. 

11. As A Consequence

• Many businesses had to shut down during the pandemic. As a consequence, economic growth slowed down.
• Many businesses had to shut down due to the pandemic. 

13. For This Reason

• He hates politicians. For this reason, he has never voted.

14. Thus (Formal)

• We do not own the company. Thus, it would be impossible for us to sell it to investors.

Connectors Of Sequence

Connectors of sequence are words or phrases that help to show the order or sequence of events or actions.

They indicate the temporal relationship between ideas, actions, or events in a sentence or paragraph.

Here are some common ones. They’re all used to indicate something that happened after something else.

15. After That

• First, I'll explain the basic rules of the game. After that, we'll start playing.
• Boil the water. Next, put the pasta in it.
• I went to the supermarket. Then, I came home and had lunch.

18. Afterwards

• We can first relax and have some coffee. Afterwards, we’ll go back to work.

19. Subsequently (Formal)

• The company experienced financial difficulties. Subsequently, they had to make several employees redundant and shut down some of their international headquarters. 

20. Finally/Lastly

I’d like to thank my mother and all my family members. And finally, I would like to thank you all for coming here today.

21. Last But Not Least

You can use this when you’re mentioning the last person or thing of a group in order to say that they’re not less important than the others.

• Last but not least, I’d like to thank my partner for supporting and encouraging me. This achievement wouldn’t have been possible without her. 

22. First / Second / Third

• This study has the following aims: first, to investigate how international students in the UK learn English; second, to examine how well they can communicate; and third, to explore how language classes can play a role in helping overseas students adjust to life in England.

Connectors Of Time

Connectors of time are similar to connectors of sequence. They are used to show the order or sequence of events. 

Some examples of connectors of time include:

• After finishing work, he usually goes to the gym and spends two hours there.
• Before going to bed, I always brush my teeth.

25. Meanwhile

You use this to indicate that something is happening while something else is happening.

• John was working on his project. Meanwhile, I was cooking dinner.

This indicates that something is happening while something else is happening.

• As I was walking to the store, I saw my friend driving by.

27. As Soon As

A nice little phrase that you can use to indicate that one action happens immediately after another.

• I'll call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.

28. Once (=As Soon As; When)

• Once I finish my homework, I can go out and play with my friends.

You use “while” to indicate that two actions are happening at the same time.

• I was eating while my dad was watching TV.

“Since” is often used with the present perfect to indicate when the action started.

• I haven't seen her since 2018.
• Please stay here and don’t leave the train station until the train arrives.

You can use “when” to describe a situation that happens at or during a particular time or while something else is happening.

• I saw a deer when I was walking in the park,
• The teacher was not ready when the lesson began. 

33. In The Meantime

• The restaurant is fully booked at the moment so you’ll have to wait. In the meantime, you can take a seat outside and have some drinks if you like.

Connectors Of Addition

These connectors are used to add information or ideas.

Here they are:

• She's studying psychology in the morning and learning English in the evening.

35. As Well As

• She speaks Spanish as well as English.
• I don’t like washing the dishes. I also hate doing the laundry!

37. Moreover (Formal)

• The cost of living is high in this city. Moreover, the traffic is terrible.

38. Furthermore (Formal)

• Research has shown that exposure to language input is essential in second-language acquisition. Furthermore, there is evidence to support the claim that exposure to comprehensible input should be consistent.

39. In Addition (Formal)

• We need to hire more employees. In addition, we need to improve our training program.

40. Besides

• There's nothing to do today. Besides, it's raining so we can’t even go outside. 

41. Additionally

• She's a great teacher. Additionally, she's also a published author.
• I like Italian food and I can make great pizza too.

43. Not Only…But Also…

• Not only can this course help you improve your speaking skills, but it’s also a great way to meet like-minded students.

44. What Is More 

• Children who are bilingual outperform monolingual children on IQ tests. What is more, they appear to have an advantage in acquiring a third language.

45. Likewise (Formal)

• Her second child was likewise very smart.

Connectors Of Contrast 

These are connectors that can be used to show contrast between ideas.

• I want to go to the party, but I have to finish my homework first.

47. However

• She loves ice cream. However, she's lactose intolerant.

48. Although

• Although it was raining, they still went to the beach.
• I like going to the cinema. I prefer watching movies at home though. 

50. Despite The Fact That

• John continued to smoke cigarettes despite the fact that he knew they were bad for his health.

51. In Spite Of (The Fact That)

• In spite of the fact that the restaurant had poor reviews, they decided to give it a try and ended up enjoying the food.

52. Whereas

• She likes sweet foods, whereas he prefers salty ones.

53. On The One Hand / On The Other Hand

• On the one hand, I would love to take that job offer because it pays well. On the other hand, it's in a city far away from where I live, so I’m not sure what to do.
• I love to read, while he loves to watch movies.

55. Even Though

Even though he had studied hard, he still failed the exam.

56. Even If (= Whether Or Not)

• Even if it rains, I'll still go for a run this evening.

57. On The Contrary

• ‘“It must have been great!” 
• “On the contrary, I hated every minute.”

58. In Contrast

• The results of the survey show that, on average, women spend more time cooking for their families. In contrast, men spend more than five minutes a day preparing meals for their kids.
• He's incredibly busy, yet he still finds time to go to the gym. 

60. Nevertheless

• There is little chance that they will win the cup. Nevertheless, it is important that they do their best to succeed.

61. Nonetheless (Formal)

• These are serious issues. Nonetheless, we have a solid plan to solve them.
• The restaurant was dirty. Still, the food they serve is incredibly delicious.

Connectors Of Condition

These are words that are used to connect two clauses (a group of words that includes a subject and a verb, and forms a sentence or part of a sentence) to express a condition that must be fulfilled in order for something else to happen. 

Here are some examples for you:

• If it rains, we'll stay at home.

For more on “if” check out this post on the English conditional tense .

64. Unless (=If Not)

• I won't forgive you unless you apologise

65. Provided That

• I'll lend you my car, provided that you promise to return it by tomorrow.

66. As/So Long As (=Only If)

• You can use my laptop as long as you don't break it.

67. ​Supposing (That)

Used to ask somebody to pretend that something is true or to imagine that something will happen.

• Supposing that you were stranded on a desert island and could only bring three things with you, what would they be?

68. On Condition That (=Only If)

• I can drive you to the station on condition that you pay for the petrol.

Connectors Of Example

These are words and phrases used to introduce examples 

69. For Example

• There are many different fruits you can use for smoothies. For example, you can use berries, bananas, and mangoes.

70. Such As

• We sell many different types of vehicles, such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles.
• Some people enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and camping, while others prefer indoor activities like reading and watching movies.

72. Including

There are many different types of pasta dishes, including spaghetti, fettuccine, and lasagna.

• There are many different types of computer programs, namely word processors, spreadsheets, and graphic design software.

74. For Instance

There are many ways to learn a language. For instance, you can try our StoryLearning method.

Connectors Of Comparison

Connectors of comparison are used to show the similarities and differences between two or more things. 

75. Likewise (Formal) = In A Similar Way

• John is a great cook. Likewise, Mary is skilled in the kitchen.

You use “unlike” to show difference / contrast.

• Unlike his brother, who is always punctual, Tom is always late for appointments.

77. By Comparison

You can use this to show a comparison between two or more things.

• The value of oil went up by 3 percent. By comparison, gold has fallen by 4 percent.

This structure is used to show similarity or equality between two things, actions, or qualities.

• The pizza I had last night was as delicious as the one I had in Italy.

79. Compared To 

• Compared to New York, Milan might seem a small city.

80. Similarly 

• She is an excellent swimmer. Similarly, her sister is a great swimmer too.

Connectors Of Summary

These are used to summarise or conclude a point or idea. Here are some examples:

81. In Conclusion

• In conclusion, the research shows that there is a clear correlation between exercise and mental health.

82. To Sum Up

• To sum up, it's clear that the new policy has had a positive impact on the company's profits.

83. All In All

• The event was well-organized and the speakers were engaging. All in all, it was a great success.

84. To Conclude

• To conclude, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis that the climate is changing due to human activity.

85. On The Whole

• On the whole, I think the movie was pretty good, but the ending was disappointing.

Connectors In English Everywhere

As you can see, connectors in English are useful words and phrases that will help you show the relationship between ideas.

We have only seen connectors to link ideas within sentences, but they can also be used to connect ideas across paragraphs.

This is why it’s important to read books in English if you’d like to learn and notice connectors in English in context as you’ll be exposing yourself to a lot of written texts–which are rich in connectors!

Following the rules of StoryLearning can help you do this as you’ll be reading short stories in English and you’ll be exposing your brain to thousands of sentences, ideas, and connectors too!

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Formal Linking Words / Cohesive Devices

Linking words can also be referred to as connectors, conjunctions, and cohesive devices. This webpage includes a useful lesson on helping improve students’ knowledge of these linking words. It includes a lesson plan using a kinaesthetic matching activity and worksheet.

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Lesson: matching activity.

Cut these up and students match

Linking Words Reference Sheet

Print off and give this to students as a helpful reference guide. 

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Connectors in English

There are a number of connectors in the English Language that can be used to help you show contrast, similarity, outcome, result, sequence and order or relevance or importance, exemplification, emphasis, explanation, dismissal, summarising or concluding, particularising, focusing, timing, and correction.

Connectors are especially useful when it comes to your IELTS writing exam and the Speaking exam.  

Below is a list of all the connectors in the English language categorized by what they are used for.

There are also examples to help you see how they are applied. 

Connectors for the Writing and Speaking Exam

• Likewise (can be used for both the writing and speaking tests)

In his budget the Minister of Finance increased spending on higher education, he likewise improved spending on social development.

• In the same way (can be used for both the writing and speaking tests)

Religious doctrine is used to teach people right from wrong in the same way as fables were used to teach simple human truths.

• Similarly (can be used for both the writing and speaking tests)

Italian painters are renowned for their innovative works. The Greeks are similarly known for their philosophies.

• Also (can be used for both the writing and speaking, but there are more academic sounding alternatives to “also” to use in your essays). 

Employees of any large organisation expect fair treatment. They also expect to earn a fair wage.

• Correspondingly (writing)

The cost of living in large cities is higher than in the country but the salaries are correspondingly higher.

• Simultaneously (writing)

Most governments simultaneously tackle crime and unemployment as they are seen as two sides of the same coin.

• In the same breath (writing)

Many countries express the view that climate change must be halted. In the same breath they throw suspicion on the whole global warming issue. 

Connectors for Outcome and Result (writing)  

• Therefore (ok for both)

Most governments believe in the importance of education. They are, therefore, willing to invest large amounts of money in improving the quality of the education.

• As a consequenc e (ok for both)

The nuclear disaster at Fukushima was worse than the scientists had anticipated. As a consequence the Japanese government has changed the way that nuclear power plants are built. 

• Thus (more for writing)

The local council received additional funding for the arts. They were, thus able to renovate the art gallery on the city centre. 

• As a result (neutral, can be used in the speaking and in your essays)

It rains quite often in Europe, as a result, most Europeans tend to vacation in sunnier destinations.

• Accordingly (writing)

The quality of products started to decrease rapidly so the government acted accordingly and started to inspect all incoming goods. 

Contrast (writing)

• Nonetheless

Humans only use on average about 10% of their brains. They are, nonetheless , able to compute huge amounts of data, coming up with ever more innovative ideas.

• Nevertheless

I really wasn’t feeling very well, I, nevertheless , went to work because I had a presentation to do.

• In contrast

Coastal tourism is on the rise. In contrast , visits to urban areas are declining as people reduce business travel and confine meetings to video conferencing.

The government planned to re-introduce the death penalty. There was, however , a public outcry and they had to halt the legislation.

Today most people are aware of the dangers of smoking and yet many people continue to damage their health by smoking

• All the same (more suited for spoken English)

Tourists are often drawn by inner city art otherwise known as graffiti. All the same many city councils regularly remove the art. 

• In any case (more for spoken English)

The much anticipated outdoor exhibition was called off at the last minute. In any case the weather was awful so the exhibition would not have drawn many visitors

• Instead (ok for both)

America should consider amending their gun laws, instead , they ignore the problem.

• On the contrary (ok for both)

The curator of the museum was of the opinion that the Antiquities room would draw the most interest. He found, on the contrary , that the natural sciences display was much more popular.

• By comparison (ok for writing)

Tourism in the 20th century has been driven by the availability of high speed transport. By comparison , in the 19th century, tourists had to rely on ships and trains to get to their destinations. 

• On the other hand (more used in writing but can be used when speaking too)

Some people contend that antibacterial soaps and detergents are good because they ensure a bacteria free environment. On the other hand , there are those who disagree arguing that ridding the environment of microbes robs us of the ability to form an immune response.  

Connectors to illustrate a sequence (speaking)

• For one thing

He was asked why he seldom read the newspapers. His reply “For one thing, the news is depressing, for another, I prefer to spend my spare time watching documentaries.”

• To begin with

He found that the work was easy to begin with , but it got progressively more difficult as he went along.

• For another thing

People with common sense should quit smoking. For one thing it costs a fortune. For another thing it is dangerous and can lead to a number of nasty diseases. 

The charity was looking for volunteer workers to man the stalls. They also needed people who were prepared to stay overnight and look after the valuable goods that would go on sale over the weekend.

Connectors to illustrate a sequence (writing)

• First, Firstly, In the first place, First of all

The local council should not allow people to sleep on the streets in the first place.

• Second, Secondly, In the second place

It is first and foremost the government’s responsibility create employment. In the second place they should ensure that employers treat their workers fairly and with respect.

• Third, Thirdly, In the third place

In seeking employment she wanted to ensure that she followed her dreams. Secondly she wanted a decent wage and thirdly she hoped that there were opportunities for promotion. 

• Last, Lastly, Last of all (can also be used in your speaking)

Lastly it is the responsibility of the most senior member of staff to ensure that the offices are locked and secured at the end of the day

• In addition

The organisation offered to make amends for any problems that had been caused by the misinformation that had been published in their magazine. In addition , they discounted the next edition of the glossy publication.

Besides the medical aid costing too much, it fails to offer even the most basic of out of hospital services

Over the years computers have become more and more powerful, moreover they have also become less expensive.

• Furthermore

The houses in the neighbourhood were large and spacious. Furthermore , they had easy access to public transport. 

The shipment of computers was three weeks late, but when it finally arrived the staff agreed that the quality and high speed made the wait worthwhile. 

Order of relevance or importance

• Most importantly (suitable for both the speaking and the writing tests)

We should discuss how to maintain a work life balance, most importantly , how organisations can ensure that employees are not overworked.

• Most significantly (suitable for both the speaking and the writing tests)

The president said that the year ahead would be different. Most significantly he indicated that he would re-allocate funding to obtaining additional resources.

• Essentially, Basically (suitable for both the speaking and the writing tests)

The manager said that it was basically the responsibility of every employee to ensure that the customers were delighted with the service that they received.

• Above all (suitable for both the speaking and the writing tests)

The leader of the opposition said that it was his responsibility to ensure that the government was transparent. Above all he was concerned that corruption is kept at bay. 

• Primarily (more common to write this word than say it) 

The government is primarily responsible for the welfare of the people.

Exemplification – Giving Examples

• For example (suitable for both)

If, for example , we could put the well-being of others before ourselves the world would be a much happier place for all. 

• For instance (suitable for both)

Modern urban populations are battling lifestyle diseases brought on by obesity. Diabetes, for instance , is growing in prevalence and more and more people have to take chronic medication. 

• To illustrate

Misinformation can cause many disagreements. To illustrate , a company advertising goods at an incorrect price could lead to disgruntled customers.

• In fact (suitable for both)

It could be argued that trade sanctions are trouble for the economy. In fact , many would say that the imposition of sanctions could start a war.

• Actually (more commonly found when speaking)

The doctor thought that the patient had measles when, actually , it was something far more severe.

• As a matter of fact (more commonly found when speaking)

What most people fail to understand is that travelling isn’t for everyone, as a matter of fact , many people prefer to settle down in one place.

• Indeed (could be difficult to use this phrase naturally in spoken English, therefore better for the writing). 

Indeed , it may be a lot easier to just give up on passing your driver’s licence test.

Explanation

• Namely (suitable for both)

The teacher had pointed out various countries around the world, namely, Portugal, Brazil, India and Australia.

• That is to say (that is) (more suitable for spoken English)

He was not found guilty in a court of law that is to say he walked out scot free. 

• Put differently (“in other words” can also be used) (use this in spoken English)

It gets really busy during the holiday season and the beaches tend to get crowded, put differently, rather go to the beach before the holiday season starts.

• In other words (more suitable for speaking)

There is much to discuss before choosing to start a family, in other words, think before you rush into it.

Dismissal (dismissing what has been said prior)

• Anyhow (definitely a spoken phrase, not academic)

Anyhow, I’ll just take the next train instead.

• At any rate

At any rate, learning a new language will not be easy.

• Anyway (informal)

Anyway, I will leave the function early.

Summarising or Concluding

• In summary (formal)

In summary, I have come to the realisation that communication plays a big role in the success of a team.

• To sum up (both informal and formal)

To sum up my thoughts, I think choosing a single piece of art from a couple hundred is rather difficult.

• In conclusion (academic written English)

In conclusion, winning isn’t necessarily the most important thing, it’s the way you played the game.

• In brief (spoken English)

In brief, today’s headlines were depressing.

• All in all (spoken English)

The project turned out okay, all in all, I think everyone did a fantastic job.

Specificity

• Most specifically (ok for both)

Eating vegetables is very good for eyesight, most specifically, carrots are thought to improve your night vision.

• In particular, particularly (ok for both)

Nearly a third of teenage girls will experience some form of abuse, in particular, physical abuse by a boyfriend.

Focusing and Linking

• With respect to (ok for both)

With respect to the contract, we regret that we are unable to accept the terms and conditions.

• Regarding (ok for both)

Regarding the proposal, we regret that we are unable to agree with some of your requirements. 

• With regard to (more formal, better for the writing test)

With regard to your application for employment, I regret to inform you that you have not succeeded in securing the job. 

• As for (ok for both)

The entire dance troupe failed to impress the judges. As for the main dancer the less said the better.

• As far as (ok for both)

As far as I could see the travel destination was more than adequate for what we had in mind. 

• Talking of / speaking of (speaking test)

Talking of relocating, do you know where you going to stay? Have you found and apartment?

• When it comes to

Sometimes when it comes to debating it is best to let your opponent have the last word.

• Then (ok for both)

The municipal workers went on a day long course, then they took an exam. 

• Afterwards (ok for both)

The Olympic team practiced for the bulk of the day. Afterwards they relaxed and spent time with their families

• At First (ok for both)

At first, I wasn’t sure how to start my preparation for the IELTS test and then I discovered IELTS Podcast.

• Meanwhile (ok for both)

The US and China are fighting over import duties, meanwhile the world economy is suffering.

• Later (ok for both)

I went to university to study accounting, later , I changed to engineering.

• In the mean time (ok for both)

I plan to go to university next year. In the mean time I’d like to travel abroad.

• To be more precise (ok for both)

I was not referring to a single doctrine, to be more precise I meant that I believe that all religions are biased.

• Rather (ok for both)

She wanted to be a dentist rather than a doctor.

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Linking Words: List of Sentence Connectors in English with Examples!

Struggling to connect ideas? ‘Connectors in English’ have your back. Connect, express, and impress – all with Connectors in English!

Connectors Definition

Linker Words or Word Connectors are used to link large groups of words: phrases and sentences . You can also use them to connect paragraphs to give them coherence. Sentence connectors are usually placed at the beginning of a sentence and may be categorized as follows:

• This restaurant has the best kitchen in town. However, their staff are quite rude.

2. IN CONTRAST

• House prices have gone up this year. In contrast, car prices seem to be stagnating.

3. NEVERTHELESS

• I was in so much pain I didn’t want to get up in the morning. Nevertheless, I went to football practice as usual.

4. NONETHELESS

• I don’t think Sean has serious behavioural problems. Nonetheless, I’ll talk to him first thing in the morning.
• I’ve asked you a thousand times not to leave your dirty socks on the floor. Yet, you keep doing it.

6. ON THE OTHER HAND

• England has the best language schools. On the other hand, it has the worst weather.

7. BY COMPARISON

• Going out with Jim has its risks. By comparison, being with Tim is as easy as falling off a log.

8. ON THE CONTRARY

• I don’t hate Jim. On the contrary, I’m rather fond of him.
• I didn’t want to take a side in the argument. Instead, I put my headphones on and listened to some smooth jazz.

10. IN ANY CASE

• I was thinking of going round Jim’s place. In any case, I haven’t been invited.

11. ALL THE SAME

• Yes, he’s very good-looking. All the same, I don’t think you should go out with him.

Read more: Other ways to say ON THE OTHER HAND!

👉 SIMILARITY

1. LIKEWISE

• You can’t give your phone number to every man who asks for it. Likewise, you can’t go out with everyone who fancies you.

2. SIMILARLY

• You’re not allowed to use your phone here. Similarly, you have to switch it off when you’re in the library.

3. CORRESPONDINGLY

• She’s an excellent photographer. Correspondingly, her paintings are works of art.

4. IN THE SAME WAY

• Cutting down on sugar will help you lose weight. In the same way, doing more exercise will help you get rid of a few kilos.
• I want to talk to Prince Harry when I’m in England. Also, I want to meet his sister-in-law.

Read more: Difference between COMPARED TO and COMPARED WITH

1. AS A RESULT

• I’ve done a pranic healing course. As a result, I’ve been able to cure my neighbour’s sick cat.

2. AS A CONSEQUENCE

• Zack has skipped school on many occasions. As a consequence, he’s failed his French test.

3. THEREFORE

• We’re going to experience some meteor showers in the next few days. Therefore, the number of miraculous self-healings will rise.
• You didn’t tell me you wanted to come. Thus, we won’t be taking you with us.

5. ACCORDINGLY

• Plenty of tourists visit the area in summer. Accordingly, selling hand-made objects is the main source of income for locals.

Read more: 6 Ways to Improve Your English Writing Skills

👉 SEQUENCING

1. FIRST, FIRSTLY, FIRST OF ALL, IN THE FIRST PLACE

• First of all, I’d like to talk about the benefits of having a pet pig.

2. TO BEGIN WITH

• To begin with, pet pigs are cleaner than dogs.

3. FOR ONE THING

• For one thing, they’re completely loyal to their owners.

4. SECOND, SECONDLY, IN THE SECOND PLACE

• Secondly, their impressive numeracy skills must be mentioned.

5. FOR ANOTHER THING

• For another thing, you might want to consider how cute they look in pyjamas.

6. THIRD, THIRDLY, IN THE THIRD PLACE

• In the third place, you can always count on your pet pig to perform some tricks for you when you’d like to impress a pretty girl.
• Also, they don’t eat much.
• Besides not eating much, they won’t ever chew on your electric cords.

9. IN ADDITION

• In addition, they can be taught to feed themselves if you allow them access to your pantry.

10. FURTHERMORE

• Furthermore, they make wonderful walking buddies.

11. MOREOVER

• Moreover, they’ll show you the way home when you’re drunk.

12. FINALLY

• Finally, pet pigs are fantastic guards. No burglar would ever have the heart to hurt a pet pig.

13. LAST, LASTLY, LAST OF ALL

• Lastly, your reputation as an eccentric will rapidly grow in the neighbourhood if you’re seen walking a pet pig on a leash every morning.

Read more: 18 Powerful Websites to Improve Your Writing Skills in English

👉 ORDER OF IMPORTANCE

1. MOST IMPORTANTLY

• I’d like to talk to you about how to keep calm at your workplace. Most importantly, never go to the canteen while your boss is there.

2. PRIMARILY

• You’ll have to focus on your immediate surroundings. Primarily, on your computer screen.

3. ABOVE ALL

• Above all, don’t ever look up from your notes when people are around.

4. MOST SIGNIFICANTLY

• Most significantly, avoid eye-contact at all costs.

5. ESSENTIALLY, BASICALLY (usually spoken)

• How can I put this? Essentially, having an affair with one of your colleagues should be the last thing on your mind.

Read more: 7 Special Apps To Quickly Improve Your Typing Speed

👉 PARTICULARIZATION

1. IN PARTICULAR, PARTICULARLY

• Nearly a third of marriages end in divorce. In particular, it’s middle-aged couples that yearn for much more from life.

2. MORE SPECIFICALLY

• Couples tend to argue about financial issues. More specifically, they argue when one of them is out of work.

Read more: How Many Types of Expressions there are in English?

👉 EXAMPLIFICATION

1. FOR EXAMPLE

• To solve this problem, you might want to try making small gestures. For example, making your spouse’s favourite meal for dinner or giving him a massage after a tiring day.

2. FOR INSTANCE

• Appreciate the small things your spouse does for you. For instance, leave thank-you notes for them every now and then.

3. TO ILLUSTRATE

• Misunderstandings can be highly destructive. To illustrate, if your spouse sees you with a friend of the opposite sex in a café, he might not understand why he hasn’t been invited and demand an explanation.

Read more: Other ways to say for example?

👉 EXPLANATION

1. THAT IS TO SAY, THAT IS

• Keep romance alive. That is to say, don’t let your lovelife fall into routine.
• I have a very good reason for not trusting my ex. Namely, he’s a convicted felon.

3. IN OTHER WORDS

• Don’t be unsociable. In other words, go out and make some friends.

4. PUT DIFFERENTLY

• John has managed to get over Jane. Put differently, he’s started seeing other women.

Read more: 10 Common English Expressions with Explanation (Video)

👉 EMPHASISING

1. AS A MATTER OF FACT

• I love sleeping with my pet pig. As a matter of fact, I can’t fall asleep unless he’s in my bed.
• I told them not to invite Rachel to the party. In fact, I was the only person who saw what a party pooper she really was.

3. ACTUALLY

• I think it would be a good idea to send her some flowers. Actually, you should get her a hundred orchids.
• He may be the best-dressed man around. Indeed, he has a really good taste in fashion.

Read more: Essential Academic Writing Examples and Phrases!

👉 FOCUSING AND LINKING

1. AS FOR (often suggests disinterest or dislike)

• I’m going to Janet’s party at the weekend. As for Mary’s, I think I’ll pass.

2. WITH RESPECT TO

• Starting your own IT company may be the one of the best things you can do right now. With respect to opening a pet shop, it’s hard to say the same thing.

3. REGARDING

• Start your day with making the most important phone calls. Regarding emails, you might put them off until later.

4. WITH REGARD TO

• With regard to handling complaints, you might want to keep in mind that your customers are always right.

5. AS REGARDS

• Working from home has many advantages. As regards disadvantages, it might be difficult to keep your cat off your keyboard.

6. TALKING OF

• Talking of cats, you can’t trust them to keep you company when you need it. They’re quite selfish creatures.

7. AS FAR AS … CONCERNED

• As far as dogs are concerned, they might give you a chance to get up from your desk and get some exercise during the day.

Read more: English Grammar: Sentence Structure in English

👉 CONCLUSION

1. IN CONCLUSION

• In conclusion, it may be said that pigs make the best pets.

2. IN BRIEF

• Meeting my boss at the pub was an interesting experience. In brief, it was a disaster.

3. IN SUMMARY

• In summary, it may not be the best idea to frequent the same pubs as your boss.

4. TO SUM UP

• To sum up, some people are better suited to working from home than others.

5. ALL IN ALL

• All in all, you have to make sure both you and your customers are satisfied with your work.

Read more: What are the other ways to say in conclusion ?

👉 CORRECTION

• I thought it was a good idea to get a ferret. Rather, it had always been my dream to get one.

2. TO BE MORE PRECISE

• You might want to change a few things. To be more precise, I think you should start again from scratch.

Read more: Best English Grammar and Spelling Checkers Online

1. AT FIRST

• It wasn’t a piece of cake to learn English. At first, I couldn’t pronounce all the words correctly.
• Then, I couldn’t spell all the words correctly.

3. AFTERWARDS

• Afterwards, I had a hard time understanding the tenses.
• Later, I couldn’t memorize phrasal verbs and idioms.

5. IN THE MEANTIME

• In the meantime, I was getting some help from MyEnglishTeacher .

6. MEANWHILE

• Meanwhile, I was enjoying my skype lessons more and more.

Read more: A Visual List of 100 English IDIOMS FOR TIME with Examples

👉 DISMISSAL

(of what was said before)

• I couldn’t get my head around the Passive Voice. Anyway, I don’t think it’s important to use it all the time.
• Anyhow, I’ve just decided to learn Russian next.

3. AT ANY RATE

• At any rate, I don’t want to become a simultaneous interpreter in five languages.

Linking Words Quiz › TEST YOURSELF

• Despite this
• In particular
• Nevertheless
• On the other hand
• In other words
• Along those lines
• Furthermore
• All the same
• On the other side
• For one thing
• Accordingly
• Another / like
• Just as / so too
• Likewise / equally
• On top of that
• Subsequently
• To begin with
• In contrast
• At any rate
• In the back
• As far as / thinking
• As far as / concerned
• However / asked
• As for / treated
• As a result
• Soon / After
• Firstly / Secondly
• Before / After
• Now / Later

👉  Connectors Synonyms

Connectors are not only used in grammar . Connectors are things that are used to connect or tether two, or more, things together. There are many different synonyms for connectors:

• Bond, coupling, joint, link, adapter, clamp, fastener, junction, tie, terminal, plug, fitting, splicing, fastener, sleeve, etc.

👉  Sentence Definition

A sentence is a set of words that forms a coherent and complete thought and message. This means that a sentence says something concrete. It has to be structured and logical in order for the sentence to be correct.

Sentences are made up of various parts , such as: nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, articles, etc. Within a sentence, there are parts that relate the thought and message , such as: subject, predicate, object, phrase, punctuation, etc. Each of these parts is important for a sentence to be complete.

Through sentences we tell other people what we think, feel, or what we want to do . In order to relate those thoughts we string together words into groups. These finally relate our message to other people and the world.

There are four different types of sentences , and each has its own specific goal and structure. These types are: declarative, imperative, interrogative, and exclamatory.

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One of the best posts I’ve ever read here. Congrats!!

It’s awesome so useful and practical thanks a million. I’m gonna share it with my friends.

I liked it so much. Thank you Mr/Mrs tutor.

Indeed, it refreshing our vocabulary

Thank you very much!! This must be by far one of the greatest post I’ve seen to improve my writing skills and expand the vocabulary of connectors. Therefore 😉 , I will add to my list of resources and share with my friends

So glad! 😃❤️

Thanks a ton, teacher!

Sure, anytime!

Thankyou soo muchhh for this usefull info..

Thank you so much for this useful

Excellent exercise

My great thanks

It is highly appreciated

Thanks a lot

you are welcome!

Helpful post! You have nicely divided all the connectors in group like result, time, explanation, conclusion …. and present them with accurate examples. Everything is easy to grab. Thanks for sharing this rare post.

Thank you so much Mohan! I’m glad you loved it!

Thanks for this usefull lessons. They are highly educattive.

Thank you so much!

So far this is the best post I’ve ever seen. I find it hard to use those connectors in statements. I can speak basic English and sometimes not concise with my statements because I’m not good in using connectors in English. Thank you for this great post. It will help a lot of speakers to become articulate with the language.

Thank you so much Oscar for your feedback!

Thanks millions for posting the tables of connecting sentences. Have a great life

I love this array of connectors. Great selections to fit our lesson. Thank you to all who are part of this website and contributors. God bless you all!

Thank you so much Mica.

Linker words, also known as sentence connectors, play a crucial role in connecting phrases, sentences, and paragraphs for enhanced coherence in writing. In terms of contrast, words like “however,” “in contrast,” and “nevertheless” emphasize opposing ideas. For expressing similarity, “likewise,” “similarly,” and “correspondingly” are effective. Result-oriented connectors include “as a result,” “therefore,” and “accordingly,” signaling outcomes or consequences. These words help create a logical flow within text, ensuring a smooth transition between ideas. Whether highlighting differences, similarities, or results, these connectors contribute to cohesive and well-structured writing, facilitating the comprehension of complex information.

Its very useful , thank you.

Thank you so much Himali!

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Mastering connectors for IELTS | Tips and examples

Connectors play a crucial role in the english language by acting as the cohesive element that effortlessly connects ideas, thoughts, and arguments. this blog aims to provide a comprehensive overview of common connectors used in the ielts, offering valuable tips and tricks to utilize them effectively. , table of contents, cause and effect, how to use connectors in ielts writing: tips and tricks, comparisons, conclusions, common mistakes to avoid when using ielts connectors, ielts connectors practice exercises: improve your skills with these examples, key takeaways.

IELTS (International English Language Testing System) is a popular English proficiency test for non-native English speakers who wish to study or work in an English-speaking country. The test evaluates a candidate’s abilities in four areas: speaking, writing, reading, and listening. The appropriate use of connectors for IELTS is an essential factor that impacts writing and speaking scores.

In IELTS , connectors are the words or phrases that join ideas or sentences. They make the text or speech more comprehensible and easy to follow by assisting the reader or listener in understanding the connections between various concepts. The effective use of connectors for IELTS can significantly raise a candidate’s score on the IELTS exam.

Common connectors used in IELTS Writing: examples and usage

Here are some common connectors for IELTS writing –

To add more information, use connectors such as “in addition,” “furthermore,” “moreover,” “also,” “as well as,” “not only… but also,” etc.

Example: “Not only does physical exercise help in maintaining good health, but it also reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease.”

To show a difference or a distinction between two ideas, use connectors such as “however,” “on the other hand,” “in contrast,” “although,” “despite,” “nevertheless,” “yet,” etc.

Example: “Although fast food is convenient and inexpensive, it is often high in calories and lacks nutritional value.”

To show a cause-and-effect relationship between two ideas, use connectors such as “because,” “since,” “as a result,” “consequently,” “therefore,” “thus,” etc.

Example : “Due to climate change, many regions are experiencing extreme weather conditions, such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves.”

Using IELTS writing connectors effectively is crucial for scoring well in the IELTS Writing section. Here are some tips and tricks for using connectors in IELTS writing-

• Use a variety of connectors : Using the same connectors repeatedly can make the writing monotonous and affect the score. Therefore, try to use a variety of connectors to link different ideas.
• Choose the suitable connector : Using an incorrect connector can make the writing confusing and affect the score. So, make sure you are using a connector that best fits the context and the relationship between the ideas. 
• Use connectors appropriately : Use connectors where necessary, but avoid overusing them. Overusing connectors can make the writing appear contrived and affect the score.
• Practice using connectors : Practice using connectors for IELTS in your writing. Use online resources, textbooks, and practice papers to familiarize yourself with different connectors and their usage.

IELTS speaking connectors: How to use them effectively

Connectors can help candidates structure their responses and link different ideas in the IELTS speaking section. Here are some IELTS connectors for 2023 that candidates can use effectively in the IELTS speaking section –

Sequencers link ideas in chronological order. Some examples include “firstly,” “secondly,” “finally,” “lastly,” etc.

Examples help to clarify ideas and make them more relatable. A few of the examples connectors include “for instance,” “such as,” “like,” etc.

Opinion connectors help to express the speaker’s views. Examples include “in my opinion,” “from my perspective,” “as far as I’m concerned,” etc.

Comparison connectors for IELTS help to draw a comparison between two ideas, such as “in comparison,” “similarly,” “likewise,” “on the other hand,” “in contrast,” etc.

Conclusion connectors for IELTS help to summarize ideas and draw conclusions. Some examples are, “in conclusion,” “to sum up,” “in summary,” etc.

Using connectors effectively is crucial for scoring well in the IELTS exam . Here are some common mistakes that candidates should avoid when using IELTS connectors-

• Overusing connectors : Overusing connectors can make the writing or speech appear contrived and affect the score. Use connectors judiciously and where necessary.
• Using the wrong connector : Using an incorrect connector can become counterproductive and make the writing or speech confusing. Choose the connector that best fits the context and the relationship between the ideas.
• Misusing connectors : Misusing connectors can make the writing or speech grammatically incorrect and affect the score. Make sure to use connectors correctly.

Practice is essential for mastering any skill, including the use of connectors for IELTS in the IELTS exam. Here are some practice exercises that candidates can use to improve their skills:

• Read IELTS writing samples and identify the connectors for IELTS used. Analyze how the connectors link ideas and make the writing coherent.
• Practice writing essays using different types of connectors. Use a variety of connectors to link different ideas and make the writing more interesting.
• Record yourself speaking on different topics and analyze the connectors used. Identify areas for improvement and practice using different types of connectors.
• Solve IELTS speaking sample questions and use connectors to structure your responses.
• By practicing using connectors in different contexts, candidates can improve their skills and score higher in the IELTS exam.
• Connectors are words or phrases linking ideas or sentences in writing or speech.
• Proper usage of connectors can significantly impact the candidate’s score in the IELTS exam.
• Candidates must familiarize themselves with different types of connectors for IELTS and their usage to use them effectively.
• Using a variety of connectors effectively can convey ideas more coherently and result in a higher score.
• Practice using connectors in different contexts is crucial for improving the candidate’s skills and achieving academic success.

Connectors for IELTS are a crucial aspect of the exam and can significantly impact the candidate’s score. We hope our blog helped you gain a better understanding of connectors and how to use them effectively. 

We hope this blog helped you better understand connectors and their significance. If you need further assistance with your study abroad entrance exams or the application process, reach out to us!

Liked this blog? Find out about the IELTS test’s registration requirements, fees, and 2023 curriculum.

Q1: Are there any online resources or books that can help me learn more about connectors for the IELTS test?

Answer: Yes, there are various online resources, IELTS preparation books, and study guides that provide comprehensive explanations and practice exercises on connectors for the IELTS test. Some popular resources include official IELTS preparation materials, reputable language learning websites, and IELTS preparation books by trusted authors.

Q1: Are any connectors more suitable for academic writing tasks?

Answer: Yes, in academic writing tasks, connectors such as “furthermore,” “moreover,” “in addition to,” “conversely,” and “nevertheless” are commonly used to demonstrate a higher level of formality and to show a deeper understanding of the topic.

Q2: What are the best connector words?

Answer: The best connector words are those that fit the context and the relationship between the ideas. Common connectors used in IELTS writing and speaking include “in addition,” “however,” “because,” “although,” “as a result,” “in conclusion,” etc.

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IELTS Writing Linking Words (Connectors) - Master List

The key to a high-scoring essay is not just rich content and strong grammar, but also the seamless flow and clarity with which you present your thoughts. That’s where linking words, or connectors, come into play, weaving your ideas into a well-integrated narrative.

Whether you're arguing a point in your Writing Task 2 essay, or crafting a letter for Task 1, using a wide range of linking words can significantly boost the coherence and cohesion of your text. Our extensive list of connectors is designed for IELTS candidates seeking to enhance their writing skills and achieve a band score that truly reflects their language proficiency.

Unlock the full potential of your writing with our master list of IELTS linking words, thoughtfully categorized and rich with examples

Additionally : Additionally, applicants must submit a cover letter.

Furthermore : I love to travel; furthermore, I enjoy learning about new cultures.

Moreover : She has experience, and moreover, she has the right qualifications.

Also : He can also play the guitar.

As well as : Her favorite sports are tennis as well as swimming.

Not to mention : The hotel was beautiful, not to mention close to the beach.

Along with : She brought a pie along with some fresh fruit.

Besides : I don’t want to go to the party, and besides, I wasn’t even invited.

In addition : The price is fair, and in addition, the service is exceptional.

Plus : The car is very reliable, plus it’s great on gas.

However : He is very funny; however, he can be quite serious at times.

Although : Although it was raining, he walked without an umbrella.

On the other hand : I am excited about the trip; on the other hand, I’m worried about the expense.

Conversely : I'd like to eat out, but conversely, I should be saving money.

Instead : He did not rebuke his child; instead, he gave him a hug.

Nevertheless : It was cold and wet; nevertheless, the game continued.

Despite : Despite the bad weather, we had a good time.

Yet : She is a great team player, yet she works well independently.

On the contrary : I thought she would win; on the contrary, she came in last.

In contrast : She loves math; in contrast, her brother has always found it difficult.

Cause and Effect

Therefore : The study was flawed; therefore, the results were unreliable.

As a result : He scored well on the test, as a result, he got into his desired university.

Consequently : It rained heavily; consequently, the picnic was canceled.

Hence : He was absent on the day of the exam; hence, he failed the course.

Thus : The roads were icy; thus, the school decided to close for the day.

Because of : Because of the train delay, I missed my appointment.

Due to : The match was postponed due to heavy snow.

So : She's allergic to peanuts, so she has to read food labels carefully.

This means that : The road is closed. This means that we’ll have to take a detour.

Leading to : The malfunction led to a delay in production.

Similarly : Just as Rome was not built in a day, similarly, we need time to complete this project.

Likewise : He respects his colleagues and expects to be treated likewise.

Like : Like her mother, she has a keen interest in art.

Just as : Just as the sun rises every morning, we too must rise to our tasks.

Comparable to : His speed is comparable to that of a professional athlete.

Analogous to : Watching the stars, he felt analogous to an explorer.

Similarly to : Similarly to her sister, she has a flair for fashion.

As with : As with all his advice, it was wise and timely.

For instance : For instance, many endangered species are at risk because of habitat loss.

For example : Using renewable energy sources, for example, can significantly reduce pollution.

Such as : There are many activities to enjoy in the winter, such as skiing and skating.

Including : There are several risks including potential loss of investment.

Specifically : Specifically, you must follow these instructions to install the software.

To illustrate : To illustrate my point, let's consider the case of the honeybee.

Namely : This year has two leap months, namely the fourth and the ninth.

Importantly : Importantly, all participants must sign a consent form.

Indeed : The results were, indeed, remarkable.

Especially : She enjoys hiking, especially in the mountains.

Particularly : The instructions were particularly complex.

Notably : Notably, none of the students were late to the seminar.

Significantly : The new policy will significantly affect productivity.

Above all : Above all, keep yourself hydrated while hiking.

Most importantly : Most importantly, never lose sight of your goals.

Of course : Of course, we'll need to consider the costs.

Especially : Bring warm clothes, especially if you feel the cold easily.

Firstly : Firstly, let's go over the previous meeting's minutes.

Secondly : Secondly, we need to address the budget for next year.

Thirdly : Thirdly, staffing requirements must be assessed.

Next : Gather your materials; next, begin the experiment.

Then : Finish your homework; then, you can watch TV.

Afterward : We'll have lunch, and afterward, we can visit the museum.

Subsequently : He was promoted, subsequently taking over the department.

Finally : Finally, after months of preparation, the day of the launch arrived.

Last but not least : Last but not least, we must thank our sponsors.

Ultimately : Ultimately, the decision lies with the committee.

In conclusion : In conclusion, there are several benefits to implementing these changes.

To summarize : To summarize, we reviewed three key points in today's meeting.

In summary : In summary, the strategy proved to be highly effective.

Overall : Overall, the project was a resounding success.

To conclude : To conclude, I would like to express my gratitude to everyone.

Lastly : Lastly, we would like to remind participants to submit their feedback.

In closing : In closing, remember to check your email for updates.

To finalize : To finalize the process, please sign below.

To wrap up : To wrap up, I'll answer any remaining questions.

All things considered : All things considered, it's a favorable proposal.

Currently : Currently, the company is in the process of expanding.

Previously : Previously, we discussed the importance of marketing.

Formerly : The building was formerly used as a warehouse.

Eventually : He studied hard and eventually passed the exam with flying colors.

Subsequently : The snowstorm subsided and, subsequently, flights resumed.

Meanwhile : You start on the report; meanwhile, I'll work on the presentation.

Simultaneously : They worked simultaneously on different parts of the project.

Until : Continue stirring the mixture until it thickens.

Thereafter : Thereafter, the participants formed smaller discussion groups.

Presently : Presently, the research is being reviewed by the committee.

Comparison/Contrast or Clarification

In the same way : In the same way a teacher educates students, a mentor guides a protégé.

Similarly : Similarly, the new model offers increased efficiency.

In the same manner , In the same manner as his predecessor, he adheres to strict schedules.

By the same token : By the same token, reducing expenses will enhance our profitability.

Equally : This decision will affect all departments equally.

Just as : Just as we expected, the turnout was high.

As much as : As much as I enjoy hiking, I haven't had time to go recently.

Clarification

That is to say : We have a stopover, that is to say, you'll have to switch planes.

In other words : It's a symbiotic relationship, in other words, both parties benefit.

To clarify : To clarify, only third-year students can apply for this program.

That is : You will be compensated, that is, we'll pay for your travel expenses.

Put another way : Put another way, the success of the project depends on teamwork.

To put it differently : To put it differently, the painting represents both hope and despair.

To rephrase : To rephrase, are you suggesting we postpone the launch?

If : If it rains, the game will be canceled.

Unless : Unless we act now, the opportunity will be lost.

Provided that : Provided that you complete the work on time, you'll receive full credit.

In the event that : In the event that you're late, please inform us.

As long as : You can borrow my car as long as you fill the tank.

Even if : Even if you disagree, you must abide by the decision.

In case : Always bring a map, in case your phone loses signal.

Supposing : Supposing the client agrees, when can we deliver?

Example or Emphasis

For instance : There are many historical cities to visit in Europe, for instance, Rome and Paris.

To illustrate : To illustrate the issue, consider the impact of deforestation on wildlife.

Namely : The club offers many amenities, namely a pool, a gym, and a sauna.

In particular : He loves fruits, in particular, apples and bananas.

Specifically : The warranty covers everything, specifically parts and labor.

To emphasize : To emphasize, please ensure the data is accurate.

Indeed : This is a very important point to consider, indeed.

In fact : The artist is, in fact, a close friend of mine.

Accordingly : Complete the form accordingly.

Consequently : He missed the deadline, and consequently, his submission was rejected.

Similarly : Similarly, her writing style is brief and to the point.

For example : Religions differ in practice; for example, some pray several times a day, others only on certain occasions.

To demonstrate : To demonstrate his commitment, he worked overtime without extra pay.

Exception/Contrast

Yet : He is young, yet he has achieved a lot.

In spite of : In spite of the rain, the event was well-attended.

Though : Though he wasn't feeling well, he decided to participate in the race.

While : While I understand your concern, I believe this is the best course of action.

Although : Although the road was busy, we made good time.

Because : He’s tired because he worked late.

Since : Since we have enough resources, we should begin the project.

As : As the data was incomplete, the conclusions were questionable.

Given that : Given that we missed the deadline, we need a new strategy.

Considering : Considering her extensive experience, she’s the ideal candidate for the job.

Due to the fact that : Due to the fact that we received a generous grant, our research can continue.

Owing to : Owing to the budget cuts, we need to revise our plans.

Summary/Conclusion

In conclusion : In conclusion, the evidence overwhelmingly supports our theory.

To summarize : To summarize, three key points were discussed.

In sum : In sum, the proposal offers several noteworthy benefits.

To wrap up : To wrap up, I'd like to thank everyone for their participation.

In brief : In brief, we need to change our approach.

Overall : Overall, it's been a productive year for the company.

All in all : All in all, it was a fantastic concert.

To recap : To recap, make sure you understand the assignment before you begin.

In a nutshell : In a nutshell, the new policy will affect everyone in the department.

Then : Finish this task, then start on the next.

Afterwards : We'll have the meeting, and afterwards, we can discuss the matter privately.

Subsequently : He graduated in June, and subsequently found a job in July.

Soon after : The new model was released, and soon after, it became a best-seller.

Immediately : Immediately after the incident, the building was evacuated.

Wherever : Wherever you go, you’ll find people willing to help.

Whenever : Whenever I visit Paris, I feel like I'm in a dream.

While : While he was reading, the phone rang.

Meanwhile : He'll be here in an hour; meanwhile, let's get everything ready.

You deserve a better score!

Unlock the power of IELTSWritingPro and gain a competitive edge in your IELTS exam preparations. Our software employs advanced algorithms tailored to assess your essays based on the four core evaluation criteria, making it easier than ever to identify weak points and perfect your writing.

Connectors in English with Examples

Connectors are words or phrases used to link ideas, sentences , or paragraphs together in a coherent and cohesive manner. They help to create a logical flow of ideas and make written or spoken communication more effective. Here are some examples of connectors in English:

Table of Contents

Connectors in English

Connectors of addition:.

Words and phrases that add information to what has been previously stated.

Examples : Furthermore, in addition, moreover, also, besides, similarly, likewise.

• Furthermore: adds more information or supporting evidence to what has already been said
• The book is not only well-written, but it’s also beautifully designed. Furthermore, the illustrations are stunning.
• I didn’t just finish the project on time. Furthermore, I completed it to a high standard.
• In addition: adds another item or idea to a list
• I need to buy eggs, milk, and bread. In addition, I’m also going to get some cheese.
• The company offers good benefits, such as health insurance and paid time off. In addition, they also have a retirement savings plan.
• Moreover: indicates that what is being said is in addition to something already mentioned
• The store has a great selection of shoes. Moreover, they offer free shipping on all orders.
• I enjoyed the concert. Moreover, I got to meet the band afterward.
• Also: adds more information to what has already been said
• She’s a talented musician. Also, she’s a great songwriter.
• I’m going to the grocery store. Also, I need to stop at the bank.
• Besides: means “in addition to” or “apart from”
• Besides being a great athlete, he’s also an accomplished writer.
• Besides the fact that it’s expensive, I don’t really like that restaurant.
• Similarly: means “in a similar way” or “in the same manner”
• Just as my brother loves to play sports, similarly, I love to play musical instruments.
• The company values diversity. Similarly, they also prioritize inclusion in their hiring practices.
• Likewise: means “in the same way” or “similarly”
• He’s a hard worker. Likewise, his sister is also very dedicated to her work.
• The teacher is strict with deadlines. Likewise, she expects her students to be punctual.

Connectors of Contrast:

Words and phrases that show differences or contrasts between ideas.

Examples: However, although, yet, nevertheless, despite, whereas, but, on the other hand.

• However: indicates a contrast between two ideas or clauses
• I know it’s raining. However, I still want to go for a walk.
• He’s a great chef. However, his restaurant is always empty.
• Although: introduces a clause that contrasts with the main clause
• Although it’s cold outside, I’m not going to wear a coat.
• Although I’m tired, I’m going to finish this project tonight.
• Yet: indicates a contrast or unexpected outcome
• I studied hard for the test. Yet, I still failed.
• He’s a great athlete. Yet, he never seems to win any competitions.
• Nevertheless: means “in spite of that” or “however”
• I don’t really like the movie. Nevertheless, I think the acting is excellent.
• The weather was terrible. Nevertheless, we had a great time on our vacation.
• Despite: means “even though” or “regardless of”
• Despite the rain, the game still went on as planned.
• She continued to work despite feeling sick.
• Whereas: indicates a contrast between two things or ideas
• I love pizza, whereas my sister prefers sushi.
• The company’s profits increased, whereas its expenses decreased.
• But: indicates a contrast or exception to what has been said previously
• He’s a good driver, but he’s always getting into accidents.
• I love chocolate, but I try to limit how much I eat.
• On the other hand: introduces an alternative viewpoint or contrasting idea
• I don’t really like spicy food. On the other hand, my friend loves it.
• The new policy may be good for the environment, but on the other hand, it could be bad for the economy.

Cause and Effect: Words and phrases that show a cause-and-effect relationship between ideas.

Examples: Because, as a result, since, therefore, consequently, so, thus.

• Because: introduces the reason for something
• I’m not going to the party because I have to work tonight.
• The concert was canceled because of the weather.
• As a result: indicates the outcome or consequence of something
• I didn’t study for the exam, so as a result, I failed.
• The company didn’t meet its sales targets, and as a result, it had to lay off employees.
• Since: means “because” or “as a result of”
• Since it’s snowing, we’re going to stay inside and watch movies.
• He’s been studying hard since he wants to get into a good college.
• Therefore: indicates a logical conclusion or result
• The roads are icy, therefore it’s not safe to drive.
• We didn’t have enough ingredients to make lasagna, therefore we decided to make spaghetti instead.
• Consequently: means “as a result” or “therefore”
• The company didn’t invest in new technology, and consequently, it fell behind its competitors.
• I didn’t have enough money to pay for rent, consequently, I had to borrow some from my friend.
• So: indicates a consequence or conclusion
• I’m tired, so I’m going to bed early tonight.
• The traffic was terrible, so I was late to the meeting.
• Thus: indicates a logical conclusion or result
• We didn’t have enough time to finish the project, thus we had to ask for an extension.
• The study showed that exercise reduces stress, thus regular exercise is recommended for people with high-stress levels.

Time: Words and phrases that show time relationships between ideas.

Examples: After, before, during, while, until, next, then, and finally.

• After I finish my work, I’m going to the gym.
• Before we start the meeting, let’s review the agenda.
• During the concert, the audience was captivated by the singer’s voice.
• While I was studying for my exam, my roommate was watching TV.
• Until the rain stops, we’ll have to stay inside.
• Next, we’re going to discuss the budget for the project.
• Then, we can decide on the best course of action.
• Finally, after months of hard work, we completed the project.

Sequence: Words and phrases that show the order of events.

Examples: First, second, third, then, next, finally, subsequently, and afterward.

• First, let’s gather all the necessary equipment.
• Second, we need to review the safety procedures.
• Third, we can begin the experiment.
• Then, we’ll record our observations.
• Next, we’ll analyze the data we collected.
• Finally, we’ll draw our conclusions and write our report.
• Subsequently, we can present our findings to the class.
• Afterward, we can answer any questions they may have.

Example: Words and phrases that provide examples to support an idea.

Examples: For instance, for example, such as, namely, in particular.

• For instance, I enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and camping.
• For example, some common fruits include apples, bananas, and oranges.
• Such as dogs, cats, and rabbits are common household pets.
• Namely, the four basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• In particular, I am interested in studying marine biology.

Emphasis: Words and phrases that emphasize a point or idea.

Examples : Indeed, certainly, in fact, without a doubt, clearly, obviously, undoubtedly.

• Indeed, the new policy will have a significant impact on our operations.
• Clearly, there is a need for more resources to address this issue.
• Undoubtedly, her experience and expertise make her the best candidate for the job.
• Absolutely, we need to take immediate action to prevent further damage.
• In fact, studies show that regular exercise can improve mental health.
• Without a doubt, the team’s hard work and dedication led to their success.
• Frankly, I find your behavior unacceptable and disrespectful.
• Honestly, I have to say that I don’t agree with your decision.
• Needless to say, safety should always be our top priority.
• It goes without saying that honesty is the foundation of any successful relationship.

Using connectors in your writing or speaking can make your ideas clearer and more organized. They help to create a cohesive and logical flow of information and improve the overall effectiveness of your communication.

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Connectors for IELTS Writing Task One

When you are preparing for the IELTS exam, it can be easy to feel overwhelmed by connecting words, also known as cohesive devices. We know they are part of your coherence and cohesion score when you are graded. However, there are so many connectors and it is not always clear which type you should use.…

What is a connector? 

A cohesive device (sometimes called a connective word or a linking device) is a word or sometimes a short phrase that connects your sentence to the sentences around it. Most commonly they are used for showing a logical link with the sentence before, showing the order of things or showing where you are in your essay. For example: 

• In contrast, coffee consumption increased over the ten-year period.
• First, laundry is sorted into towels and linen. 

In each of these sentences, you can see the word or phrase is separated by a comma. In the first example sentence, ‘In contrast,’ tells the reader that the information in some way goes against what came before. In this example, it is likely that the previous sentence was about something that decreased over the ten years. In the second example, ‘First,’ tells you that this is number one in a list of steps. You’d expect the next sentence to start with ‘Second,’ or ‘Next,’.

Why are connecting words important in IELTS task one? 

The simple answer is that connecting words are important because your coherence and cohesion grade depends on them. However, these phrases also help you by making improving your flow and making your organisation clearer to the reader. 

Coherence and cohesion is a section of your writing grade which looks at how you organise ideas and how well your writing flows. For a grade seven the requirements are: 

• Logically organises information and ideas; there is a clear progression throughout. 
• Uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-/over-use. 

Using cohesive devices effectively will help you with both of these points. This makes them essential to master.  

How to use cohesive devices effectively in task one

We can see from the grading requirements above that there are two key points to using cohesive devices correctly:

Using the right amount of cohesive devices

It’s hard to give an exact number or even a range for how many cohesive devices you need to use in your writing. The main way your examiner will tell if you are overusing them is if they seem forced. As such, the best advice I can give is to use as many linking words as possible without forcing it. 

Using a wide range of cohesive devices

You also don’t want to use the same linking words too frequently. Using the same word or phrase twice is okay, but three or more times might make it look like you don’t know many of these words. 

How to learn connecting words for part one

The best way to learn these words and phrases is by looking at them in terms of what job they do. There are often multiple words that do the same job, so looking at the types can help you remember them better. 

Structural linking words

These linking words are about showing where you are in the essay. 

This is very useful in task one and almost completely useless in task two! ‘Overall’ signals that you are giving your outline. Given that you should always be giving an outline in your task one essays, this is an essential linking phrase. ‘In general’ is another phrase you can use here, but I think ‘overall’ sounds better

Overall, the popularity of television grew over the ten year period. 

First/Second/Third/Next/Finally

These are all used to show where you are in a sequence of things. This is especially useful when you are descirbing a process diagram, but can be used whenever you have a certain number of points to make. ‘To begin’ is useful for starting your first body paragraph. 

First, the salmon are spawned as eggs in the upper river. 

Finally, the salmon return to their breeding ground to lay their eggs.

Starting with/To begin

These are useful for starting your first body paragraph. You can also use ‘first’ for this job, but these two sound a bit nicer. 

To begin, television audiences were generally bigger in the afternoon.

As for/With regards to

These signal that you are shifting to a new topic. You will often have multiple things or places to discuss, so using these can let the reader know that you are shifting to a new one. 

In Adelaide, very few people had visited a cafe recently. As for Hobart, visiting a cafe was very popular. 

Logical linking words

In contrast/however/conversely.

These words are all used to express that the idea in this sentence is somehow opposite or different to the previous sentence. 

Over this period, sales of most format fell. In contrast, the amount of streaming grew. 

The population of China will peak in 2070. Conversely, the population of India will continue to grow. 

In addition/Also

These phrases are useful for telling your reader the next sentence is on a similar topic to the previous one. You’ll often have more than one thing to say about each topic, so it can be good to organise your writing with these phrases. 

After development, the new island will have eight new bungalows. In addition, paths will be constructed to link these buildings together. 

Similarly/Likewise

These tell the reader the information in this sentence is factually similar to the previous sentence. This is easy to confuse with ‘in addition’ and ‘also’. The difference is that we use ‘similarly’ and ‘likewise’ when the facts are similar. ‘In addition’ and ‘also’ are for when the topic is similar. 

In 1990, services were the largest contributor to the Indian economy. Similarly, in 2000 services massively outperformed industry and agriculture. 

In particular/Specifically

We can use these words to tell the reader we are going into more detail on what we were previously talking about. 

The redeveloped airport will have several shops. Specifically, a relocated cafe before passport control, a set of shops after passport control, and another cafe in arrivals. 

For example/For instance

We can use these for giving examples. ‘For example’ is the most popular phrase, so it can be nice to use ‘for instance’ to mix things up a bit. 

There are similarities in energy production in both years. For instance, coal and gas make up the bulk of energy production in 1995 and 2005. 

Task one cohesive device practice

You can practice using these linking words by trying out this fill in the gap exercise. For each blank, pick a word or phrase from above. You can check your answer below. 

This map shows Southwest Airport before and after a future development. _______ several new conveniences have been added to this airport including new gates, a sky train and several new shops.  _______the landside section of the airport, several new facilities will be built. _______, in the departures area, the check in desk has moved and a baggage drop area will be constructed. _______, the cafe has been moved closer to the main area. _______the arrivals area, a car hire shop, an ATM and an additional cafe will be introduced to this previously empty building.  ________ the airside section of the airport will be significantly expanded. ________,  the number of gates will been increased from eight to eighteen. To accommodate for the extra gates, _______ the footprint of the airport will be built out into two spurs. ______ a skytrain will run from near the security gates. ________, shops will be constructed just after passport control. 

Click the ‘+’ sign below to take a look at my answer to this exercise.

This is my version of the essay above. For some of the gaps, there are multiple correct answers. It’s absolutely fine if your answer isn’t the same as mine. If you’re not sure if you’ve made a mistake, you can ask by leaving a comment. 

This map shows Southwest Airport before and after a future development. Overall several new conveniences have been added to this airport including new gates, a sky train and several new shops.  Starting with the landside section of the airport, several new facilities will be built. Specifically , in the departures area, the check in desk has moved and a baggage drop area will be constructed. In addition , the cafe has been moved closer to the main area. With regards to the arrivals area, a car hire shop, an ATM and an additional cafe will be introduced to this previously empty building.  As for the airside section of the airport will be significantly expanded. For example , the number of gates will been increased from eight to eighteen. To accommodate for the extra gates, first , the footprint of the airport will be built out into two spurs. Second , a skytrain will run from near the security gates. Finally , shops will be constructed just after passport control.

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IELTS Connectors for Task 1 & Task 2: Linking Words for IELTS Writing 2024

• Updated On February 6, 2024
• Published In IELTS Preparation 💻

The IELTS Exam is a globally acknowledged English language proficiency test widely accepted in many countries, including the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and others. Every year, over three million people take the IELTS exam, which is growing steadily. It comprises 4 sections- 

Table of Contents

The IELTS Writing Test is different for IELTS Academic and I ELTS General . The Academic test will contain topics suitable for anyone entering a university or professional institution. The General Training test will have topics based on general interest.

The Writing test takes 60 minutes , and there are two tasks to complete:

• Task 1 : It is recommended to spend 20 minutes on Task 1 , which requires you to write at least 150 words.
• Task 2 : This task requires at least 250 words and should take about 40 minutes. Task 2 contributes twice as much as Task 1 to your score.

The IELTS writing section is primarily evaluated based on how well the ideas are organised and connected effectively. You must learn and equip yourself with grammatical resources to score well in this section. IELTS essay linking words or connectors are a grammatical resource that shows the IELTS examiner a firm grasp of the language.

In this blog, we will understand more about connectors for Task 1 and Task 2 and how using them appropriately will boost your overall score in your IELTS Writing Test.

Importance of Connectors in IELTS Writing Task

Linking words is a crucial grammatical tool that makes an essay more readable to the examiner. They help in sentence construction and connect two related parts of a text. Linkers can also put forth their opinions comprehensively and display excellent knowledge and a variety of vocabulary. 

Here are a few more reasons to use linkers in IELTS:

• They make the paragraph clear.
• They provide a smooth flow to the written piece.
• Help in illustrating how the parts or clauses of a text are connected.
• They add more information to a point. 
• They help in expressing opinion or purpose.
• They help in constructing a suitable conclusion.

Using Linking Words in IELTS

You need to know that connecting words cannot be used everywhere. Additionally, linkers for IELTS speaking are used differently from IELTS writing .  For example, one can use ‘like’ while speaking. On the other hand, words like at this moment and therefore work well in writing tasks. Also, remember that linkers must come naturally while forming a sentence. Forcing a connector amid a sentence will result in an awkward sentence composition. 

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Linking Words For Academic Writing Task 1 

In IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, you are generally given visual information. Depending upon the information provided, you must write a report of a minimum of 150 words. IELTS Connectors in Task 1 can be helpful in:

• Outlining transition between the description of one visual to the other.
• Comparing the key features of the graphs.
• Pointing out or highlighting important details of the visuals.

Linking Words For General Writing Task 1 

In IELTS General Writing Task 1, you must write a letter responding to a given situation. Linking words for Task 1 is helpful in:

• Introducing the purpose of the letter.
• Organising your ideas coherently.
• Making clear connections between different paragraphs.
• Highlighting important information in the letter.

IELTS Essay Linking Words For Writing Task 2

The second writing task is the same for academic and general; you must write an essay based on a prompt or a statement. Linking words for task 2 are useful in:

• Transitioning between paragraphs.
• Presenting your opinion.
• Give examples and reasons.
• Explain the consequences and/or conditions of various scenarios.

Types of IELTS Connectors for Task 1 and Task 2

Examiners evaluate your tasks by assessing linkers and connectors’ accuracy, range, and flexibility. The following list highlights the category of connectors that can help you secure a good grade in the IELTS writing section:

Adding information

Providing examples, stressing and highlighting, consequences and results, causes and reasons, contrasts and concessions, providing opinion.

Below is a comprehensive list of examples of different categories of connectors that you can use in your sentence construction . 

This linker is used to support your major points in the essay. These IELTS essay linking words inform the examiner that additional information is coming up. 

Some of them are mentioned below with examples.

• Furthermore – The company has decided to expand its operations to Gujrat. Furthermore , they also plan to increase their marketing efforts in the region.
• Additionally – We have hired a new designer for the project. Additionally , we have also brought in a consultant to provide us with an outside perspective.
• In addition to the regular benefits, employees are also eligible for a performance-based bonus.
• Also – The company is launching a new product line next month. Also , they plan to host a launch event to promote the new products.
• Moreover – The company’s profits have increased significantly this year. Moreover , they have also managed to reduce their operating expenses.
• And – I need to pick up some groceries after work today, and I also need to stop by the post office to mail a package.
• As well as – The project requires a team of developers as well as a team of designers to complete the work on time.

Lists are often used to present pointers in a paragraph. Proper use of listing vocabulary in essays makes it more formal and precise.

Here are a few connectors that you can use to list your paragraph.

• Firstly , I need to wake up early tomorrow to catch my flight.
• Secondly , I have to finish my presentation before the deadline.
• Thirdly , I must buy some groceries on my way home from work.
• Fourthly , I need to call my doctor to schedule an appointment.
• Lastly , I plan to spend the weekend with my family and friends.

Examples are often helpful in providing support to ideas. You must make sure to use a range of linking words to illustrate your arguments through such words.

Here are some examples of connectors for providing examples to your task. 

• For instance , many online courses, such as Duolingo and Rosetta Stone, are available for learning a new language.
• For example , there are many different types of music, such as rock, pop, jazz, and classical.
• To cite an example , many people believe that climate change is caused by human activity.
• To illustrate : To illustrate let’s say you are writing an essay about the importance of exercise. You could provide a graph that shows the correlation between exercise and improved health.
• Namely : There are four seasons in a year, namely spring, summer, fall, and winter.
• Such as : Many different types of animals live in the ocean, such as sharks, whales, and dolphins.
• In other words : The government plans to increase the taxes on luxury items. In other words , items considered non-essential and expensive will be taxed more.

It is essential to be clear about the intent of the passage. These IELTS essay linking words help you stress major points so they are not missed:

A few of them are mentioned below with model sentences.

• Specifically : Specifically , we need to increase our response time to customer inquiries to improve our overall customer service.
• Especially : I especially love all fruits, especially strawberries and blueberries.
• In particular : I am interested in learning about the history of art, in particular , the impressionist movement.
• Particularly : I am not fond of spicy food, particularly dishes that use a lot of chilli peppers.
• Obviously , we cannot proceed with the project without proper funding.
• Clearly : The instructions provided in the manual need to be written and can be confusing.
• Of course : Of course , I would be happy to help you with your project.

These connectors are helpful when you need to explain the consequence or result of something. 

Below are examples of connectors that can be used to explain consequences and results, with sample sentences demonstrating their usage.

• As a result : He was late to the meeting as a result of heavy traffic.
• Therefore : She didn’t eat any cake, therefore she didn’t gain any weight.
• Thus : The company’s profits increased, and thus, they could expand their business.
• Consequently , The team lost the game, and consequently, they didn’t qualify for the playoffs.
• For this reason , she didn’t want to go on the rollercoaster, so she waited for her friends on the ground.
• So : He forgot his keys at home, so he had to call his wife to bring them to him.
• Hence : The weather was terrible, hence the flight was delayed.

While writing an essay, there may be instances where you would have to provide causes or reasons for a particular statement. These linkers can help do so.

Here are some examples of connectors for causes and reasons for your task. 

• Due to : Due to the heavy rainfall, the streets were flooded.
• Because : I couldn’t attend the meeting because I was feeling sick.
• Owing to the staff shortage, the company had to postpone the project deadline.
• As it was raining heavily, we decided to stay indoors and watch a movie.
• Since : Since I am allergic to seafood, I cannot eat sushi.

There is often the need to add opposite ideas to an essay. This is important in discussion essays, where one needs to provide in-depth details. 

The below-mentioned linking words will help you when you are going to introduce an opposing point.

• Nevertheless, the weather was terrible, so we decided to picnic.
• However, I studied hard for the exam and didn’t do well.
• Admittedly – Admittedly , I have not been following the news lately.
• Although – Although it was raining, we still went for a walk.
• Even though – Even though she was tired, she continued working on the project.
• Despite the fact that he was sick, he managed to complete his work on time.
• But – She wanted to go to the party but had to finish her work first.
• Still – He failed the test twice, but I would still like to mention that specifically, we need to focus on improving our customer service and not giving up.

These connectors are the most useful in concluding a sentence and lending a final summary of their response.

Some of them are mentioned below.

• To sum up , we have seen that the company’s sales have been steadily increasing over the past year.
• To conclude , based on the evidence presented, it can be said that the defendant is guilty of the crime.
• In conclusion , to improve your overall health, it is recommended that you eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep.

You can address their opinion more confidently and concisely using these linkers.

Below is a list of some linking words for providing information.

• I believe that love is the strongest force in the universe.
• I admit that I was not paying attention during the meeting.
• In my opinion , reading is one of the best ways to relax and unwind.
• I think that exercising regularly is important for maintaining good health.

IELTS Linking Words Practice Question

One of the key skills that the test measures is the ability to use a range of linking words or phrases in writing and speaking tasks. Linking words helps to connect ideas and create coherence between sentences, paragraphs, and overall discourse. Some common examples of linking words include, nevertheless, additionally and more. Practising with linking words can help test-takers improve their writing and speaking skills and achieve better scores on the IELTS exam. Here are some linking practice questions for Writing Tasks.

IELTS Linking Words Practice Question for Writing Task 1

Here is a practice task with IELTS writing connectors that will help you understand the usage and importance of connectors in IELTS writing task 1.

These graphs show several key trends. 1. ____, in general terms, more than 70% of the population owned computers in 2000. 2. ____, this figure jumped to around 78% over the coming eight years.

3. ____, these figures varied as per group. 4. ____, service members were always ahead of the general population. Roughly three-quarters of service members owned computers in 2000. That figure jumped massively to reach 80% by 2008. 5. ____ Non-high school finishers began with only a 12% computer ownership rate, which climbed to around 45% in eight years.

• To start with, firstly, first of all
• Nevertheless, however, but
• Nevertheless, on the other hand
• Any example connector can be used here, like, for example, for instance, and except ‘such as’ because this is the start of a sentence.
• Any comparison connector

IELTS Linking Words: Practice Question for Writing Task 2

You can practice IELTS essay linking words through this practice task.

The prompt: Parents must refrain from pressuring their children to pursue a particular career. Young people should be free to choose the professional path that they like. Do you agree or disagree with this sentence?

• _____ Young people must be free to choose, especially in their professional path. Some parents want their children to take up an exciting profession. These wishes are entirely normal and usually not harmful.
• 2. ____ It can be harmful if these desires become strong expectations. 3. _____ freedom to a child does not necessarily mean that the parent needs to be absent. Instead, parents should openly communicate with their children about their career decisions. 4. _____, if one’s dreams do not line up with their parents, they may, 5_____, fear approaching them in fear of judgment. 
• Any opinion connector except ‘I agree’ or ‘I concur’ will work here. This is because it is the introductory line.
• Nevertheless, on the other hand, however, but
• Any example connector will fit here except ‘such as’ because this is the starting sentence.
• Accordingly, as a result, consequently, therefore, for that reason, etc.

In summary, using appropriate connectors in IELTS Writing can significantly enhance your essay’s readability and coherence, demonstrating your firm grasp of the language. With the help of the above mentioned categories and examples of linkers, you can effectively connect your ideas and illustrate your arguments comprehensively to score well in the IELTS Writing section. 

Remember, practice makes perfect, so practice using these connectors in your essays to succeed in your IELTS exam. Good luck!

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. what factors do examiners consider to evaluate the ielts writing tasks.

A. When evaluating IELTS writing tasks, examiners consider several factors, including lexical resource, task achievement, grammar accuracy and range, coherence and cohesion. Lexical resource refers to your ability to appropriately use a wide range of vocabulary. Task achievement assesses how well you have fulfilled the task’s requirements, including the organisation of ideas and coherence. Grammar accuracy and range assess your use of correct grammar and sentence structures. Coherence and cohesion assess how well you can connect and link ideas within and between paragraphs. These factors are crucial in determining your overall writing score.

Q . What are the main topics for the IELTS essay writing task?

A. Some of the most popular topics for this task are related to academics, such as economics, education, business, family, environment, etc. The essay question in the general IELTS writing section responds to an argument on a general topic of common interest. 

Q. What happens if I need to meet the word limit of each section?

A. Writing under the word limit is a penalty, leading to a lower score. You can also be penalised for not using complete, connected sentences.  Therefore, you must always adhere to the given word limit and be mindful of each section’s time mandates.

Q. How do you score well in IELTS Writing?

A. To score well in IELTS Writing, you must improve your grammar, vocabulary, and writing skills. Practice writing essays, letters, and reports within the given time limit. Plan your writing and organise your thoughts effectively. Use a range of linking words and phrases to connect your ideas. Finally, proofread your work for any errors or mistakes before submitting it.

Q. What are the types of questions asked in IELTS Writing Task 2?

A. When it comes to writing essays, there are several different types of questions that you might encounter. Some common ones include Advantage/Disadvantage questions, which ask you to weigh the pros and cons of a particular topic or issue. Problem/Cause questions, on the other hand, ask you to analyse and explain the underlying causes of a problem or issue. Opinion essays require you to express your viewpoint on a specific topic and support it with evidence and reasoning. Other essay questions include Compare/Contrast, Discussion/Argumentative, and so on. 

Q. Can I retake IELTS writing only?

A. IELTS One Skill Retake is a recently introduced feature that allows you to enhance your scores on a specific skill without retaking the entire IELTS exam. If you wish to improve your performance on any of the four skills – Listening, Reading, Writing, or Speaking – you can redo only that skill. This feature can save you time and money as you won’t need to retake the test.

Q. Is the IELTS Writing Test the same for Academics and General?

A. No, the IELTS Writing Test is different for Academics and General. The Academic Writing Test includes two tasks assessing your ability to describe visual information and write an essay responding to an argument or problem. The General Writing Test consists of two tasks to evaluate your ability to write a letter and an essay on a topic.

Q. What is the duration of the IELTS Writing Test ?

A. The IELTS Writing Test consists of two tasks that must be completed within 60 minutes. Task 1 requires you to summarise, describe or explain a visual representation such as a graph, chart or diagram in 150 words. Task 2 requires you to write an essay responding to a given prompt in 250 words. You should spend approximately 20 minutes on Task 1 and 40 minutes on Task 2.

Q. What are some valuable tips for preparing for the IELTS Writing Test?

A. To prepare for the IELTS Writing test, it is important to practice writing regularly. Familiarise yourself with the test format and timing, and develop your skills in organising and expressing your thoughts clearly and coherently. Pay attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation, and aim to use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures. Seek feedback from a teacher or tutor to identify areas for improvement and practice writing under test conditions.

Q. What is the importance of using connectors in the IELTS Writing Task?

A. Connectors are crucial in IELTS Writing Tasks as they help connect ideas, create coherence and cohesion, and improve the essay’s overall structure. Using connectors also helps to demonstrate a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures, which is a key criterion for scoring in IELTS Writing.

Q. How can one use linking words in IELTS writing, and what are some examples?

A. Linking words can connect different parts of the essay, such as sentences, paragraphs, and ideas. Examples of linking words include “moreover”, “however”, “in addition”, “on the other hand”, “therefore”, and “consequently”. By using linking words, the writer can create a clear and logical flow of ideas, which helps to improve the coherence and cohesion of the essay.

Know more about IELTS

Get free speaking practice samples.

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Essay Connectors in English, Connection Words for Essay

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Essay Connectors

Did you know that there are many linkers and connectors that will allow you to use the English language more powerfully? Today, we will examine linkers with different meanings and give example sentences established with each linker. In this way, we believe that you can use these linkers much more easily in your essay works.

8 Tips On Writing An Effective Essay , Writing Essay Tips

When you use these connectors, which will give the meaning of contrast to the sentence, one half of the sentence and the other half should contain contradictory and unexpected statements. Let’s examine it on the example.

• In spite of : In spite of studied all night, got a very low score on the exam, and did not pass the class.
• Despite : I waited for you all day and I definitely didn’t start eating before you arrived, despite that it was clear that you didn’t care about me.
• However : The tourism industry in this country is developing more each year; However, the current policies of the new government have raised concerns about these tourism revenues.
• Although : Although these days I feel weak when you called me I got up and got ready and came here.

Reason and Cause

When you use essay connectors indicating the reason and cause in a sentence, two different clauses must be related to each other.

• As : I didn’t come with you today, as I had been working hard for my exams for two days and I was tired.
• Because of : Because of the paper he saw, he felt unhappy, weak, and depressed all day. I wish I could help him on this topic.
• Due to Due to his fight with his wife was not performing enough at work and could not show all his skills.
• Since : Since at the end of this year, my overall average is high, I think I will highlight it in internship applications and get what I want.

You can see that purpose connectors are usually used in sentences with an aim theme that contains information about the reason for any action. These have extremely powerful meanings and make your essay richer.

• For : Who do you think I did all this for? Of course, I did it all for you!
• In order to : When I went to the market today, I stopped by the sandwich shop in order to take something to you.
• In order not to : In order not to late this much, I woke up early in the morning and took care of my work while everyone was sleeping.
• So that : I worked all day today so that I don’t have to work tomorrow at all.
• So as to : When I came to class yesterday, I gave my students the essay exam so as to that I could take two exams next week and complete the grading process in a short time.
• So as not to : So as not to fight with my husband, I finished what he said before I got home.

When we are lining up information in a sentence or paragraph or trying to pass an event stream to the reader, we often need to use succession specifiers among the essay connectors. For this, we have the chance to benefit from the following alternatives:

• First of all : First of all, all of these things meant something to me, but it wasn’t enough.
• The next stage : So, the next stage is ready: From now on, he can finish our project without anyone’s help.
• In short : Now you know all of this, in short, you got through your journeyman period and entered the master period.
• In conclusion : When you consider all the above information, in conclusion, the basis of scientific knowledge is always experiments.

Paragraphs that indicate result in any subject can usually indicate cause and effect.

• As a result of As a result of her beauty, everyone at the prom suddenly fell in love with her.
• Therefore : I worked all day today to get your chores done; Therefore, you have no right to be angry with me for coming to this party late.

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Connectors / Linking Words for Writing – Functions and Tips

Updated On Sep 15, 2023

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Effective IELTS Essay Connectors for Writing Task 2 & Task 1

Linking words or connectors are the adverbs that turn out to be the easiest way to connect ideas or sentences with one unique word. Such linking words or connectors make the entire sentence look appealing. In IELTS, if you use the connesctors appropriately, it will showcase your advanced English communication skills.

So, in any way, if you find yourself stuck with handling these linking words or connectors, here are a few tips that will help you out.

How do Linking Words or Connectors Function? 

Jotted down below are a few reasons why you should be using linking words or connectors in your IELTS writing tasks:

• They make your writing clear and appealing.
• You get to provide meaning to otherwise complex sentences.
• They help readers understand how one sentence is related to the other.
• They help to know the purpose of the question and also give an appropriate answer to the question.

Tips to Use Linking words or Connectors

Here are a few tips that you can keep in mind when using linking words or connectors:

Are you being accurate with your choice of words?

There are a lot of linking words that can be used in a sentence, so you need to be careful while using the linking words and use them accurately.

Are you overusing linking words or connectors?

The linking words can be used once or twice in the sentence. Making overuse of the linking words in the sentence makes the sentence meaningless.

Are you mixing up?

Try to use a lot of linking words in the paragraph, but make sure the sentence is meaningful while using these words. Using a single word many times in a paragraph doesn’t make any sense. So while using the linking words, use them wisely.

Common Linking words and Connectors used in IELTS Writing

When writing an essay or a report in an IELTS exam, there are plenty of linking words or connectors used throughout. You can take ideas from the ones mentioned below:

Also check :

• IELTS Writing tips
• IELTS Writing recent actual test
• IELTS Writing Answer sheet
• IELTS Writing Practice tests

Frequently Asked Questions

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Name some of the common connectors used in IELTS Writing?

What are some linking words expressing differences or contrasts?

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Janet had been an IELTS Trainer before she dived into the field of Content Writing. During her days of being a Trainer, Janet had written essays and sample answers which got her students an 8+ band in the IELTS Test. Her contributions to our articles have been engaging and simple to help the students understand and grasp the information with ease. Janet, born and brought up in California, had no idea about the IELTS until she moved to study in Canada. Her peers leaned to her for help as her first language was English.

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Cultural Differences between New England and Middle Colonies

This essay about the cultural and economic distinctions between the New England and Middle Colonies in early America highlights how geography, social structure, and economic opportunities shaped their unique identities. It discusses New England’s Puritanical focus on community and education contrasted with the Middle Colonies’ diversity and agricultural productivity. Both regions, however, shared values of community and Enlightenment ideals, contributing to a complex American identity.

How it works

The colonial landscape of America was not a uniform entity; it was a mosaic of various regions, each with its distinct set of customs, beliefs, and societal structures. Notably, the New England and Middle Colonies serve as prime examples of how different factors such as geography, economy, and social organization influenced cultural development.

New England was defined largely by its Puritan roots, with states like Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and later Vermont and Maine forming its core. The Puritans, aiming to build a community aligned with their strict religious doctrines, instilled a culture of piety, discipline, and communal living.

Their commitment to these principles was evident in their prioritization of education, exemplified by the founding of Harvard College in 1636 to preserve and propagate their religious teachings. The region’s inhospitable farming conditions led to a reliance on subsistence agriculture, fishing, and notably, trade. Maritime trade and industries such as shipbuilding became economic staples, fostering a culture of entrepreneurship and leading to the emergence of bustling urban centers like Boston.

Conversely, the Middle Colonies—comprising New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware—developed a diverse and inclusive culture, thanks to their fertile lands and a mixed population of various European and religious backgrounds. This diversity fostered a tolerant society, where multiple ethnicities and faiths coexisted, influencing each other culturally and economically. The region’s agricultural productivity earned it the nickname “the breadbasket of the colonies,” with its extensive grain exports supporting robust commercial hubs such as Philadelphia and New York City. These cities became vital nodes in transatlantic trading networks, enhancing the Middle Colonies’ economic profile.

While their paths diverged in many ways, the New England and Middle Colonies also shared several foundational values. Both regions emphasized community cohesion, cooperation, and a degree of self-reliance, critical for survival in the New World. Moreover, they were touched by the Enlightenment, adopting its ideals of reason, individualism, and progress, which propelled advances in scientific thought, philosophical inquiry, and political theory.

In essence, while New England and the Middle Colonies both stemmed from the same colonial beginnings, they each charted a unique cultural and social trajectory. New England’s religious zeal and educational focus stood in contrast to the Middle Colonies’ cultural pluralism and agricultural prosperity. Together, however, they wove a diverse and rich cultural tapestry, foundational to the American identity that continued to evolve into the modern era.

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Cultural Differences Between New England And Middle Colonies. (2024, Apr 22). Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/cultural-differences-between-new-england-and-middle-colonies/

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NPR in Turmoil After It Is Accused of Liberal Bias

An essay from an editor at the broadcaster has generated a firestorm of criticism about the network on social media, especially among conservatives.

By Benjamin Mullin and Katie Robertson

NPR is facing both internal tumult and a fusillade of attacks by prominent conservatives this week after a senior editor publicly claimed the broadcaster had allowed liberal bias to affect its coverage, risking its trust with audiences.

Uri Berliner, a senior business editor who has worked at NPR for 25 years, wrote in an essay published Tuesday by The Free Press, a popular Substack publication, that “people at every level of NPR have comfortably coalesced around the progressive worldview.”

Mr. Berliner, a Peabody Award-winning journalist, castigated NPR for what he said was a litany of journalistic missteps around coverage of several major news events, including the origins of Covid-19 and the war in Gaza. He also said the internal culture at NPR had placed race and identity as “paramount in nearly every aspect of the workplace.”

Mr. Berliner’s essay has ignited a firestorm of criticism of NPR on social media, especially among conservatives who have long accused the network of political bias in its reporting. Former President Donald J. Trump took to his social media platform, Truth Social, to argue that NPR’s government funding should be rescinded, an argument he has made in the past.

NPR has forcefully pushed back on Mr. Berliner’s accusations and the criticism.

“We’re proud to stand behind the exceptional work that our desks and shows do to cover a wide range of challenging stories,” Edith Chapin, the organization’s editor in chief, said in an email to staff on Tuesday. “We believe that inclusion — among our staff, with our sourcing, and in our overall coverage — is critical to telling the nuanced stories of this country and our world.” Some other NPR journalists also criticized the essay publicly, including Eric Deggans, its TV critic, who faulted Mr. Berliner for not giving NPR an opportunity to comment on the piece.

In an interview on Thursday, Mr. Berliner expressed no regrets about publishing the essay, saying he loved NPR and hoped to make it better by airing criticisms that have gone unheeded by leaders for years. He called NPR a “national trust” that people rely on for fair reporting and superb storytelling.

“I decided to go out and publish it in hopes that something would change, and that we get a broader conversation going about how the news is covered,” Mr. Berliner said.

He said he had not been disciplined by managers, though he said he had received a note from his supervisor reminding him that NPR requires employees to clear speaking appearances and media requests with standards and media relations. He said he didn’t run his remarks to The New York Times by network spokespeople.

When the hosts of NPR’s biggest shows, including “Morning Edition” and “All Things Considered,” convened on Wednesday afternoon for a long-scheduled meet-and-greet with the network’s new chief executive, Katherine Maher , conversation soon turned to Mr. Berliner’s essay, according to two people with knowledge of the meeting. During the lunch, Ms. Chapin told the hosts that she didn’t want Mr. Berliner to become a “martyr,” the people said.

Mr. Berliner’s essay also sent critical Slack messages whizzing through some of the same employee affinity groups focused on racial and sexual identity that he cited in his essay. In one group, several staff members disputed Mr. Berliner’s points about a lack of ideological diversity and said efforts to recruit more people of color would make NPR’s journalism better.

On Wednesday, staff members from “Morning Edition” convened to discuss the fallout from Mr. Berliner’s essay. During the meeting, an NPR producer took issue with Mr. Berliner’s argument for why NPR’s listenership has fallen off, describing a variety of factors that have contributed to the change.

Mr. Berliner’s remarks prompted vehement pushback from several news executives. Tony Cavin, NPR’s managing editor of standards and practices, said in an interview that he rejected all of Mr. Berliner’s claims of unfairness, adding that his remarks would probably make it harder for NPR journalists to do their jobs.

“The next time one of our people calls up a Republican congressman or something and tries to get an answer from them, they may well say, ‘Oh, I read these stories, you guys aren’t fair, so I’m not going to talk to you,’” Mr. Cavin said.

Some journalists have defended Mr. Berliner’s essay. Jeffrey A. Dvorkin, NPR’s former ombudsman, said Mr. Berliner was “not wrong” on social media. Chuck Holmes, a former managing editor at NPR, called Mr. Berliner’s essay “brave” on Facebook.

Mr. Berliner’s criticism was the latest salvo within NPR, which is no stranger to internal division. In October, Mr. Berliner took part in a lengthy debate over whether NPR should defer to language proposed by the Arab and Middle Eastern Journalists Association while covering the conflict in Gaza.

“We don’t need to rely on an advocacy group’s guidance,” Mr. Berliner wrote, according to a copy of the email exchange viewed by The Times. “Our job is to seek out the facts and report them.” The debate didn’t change NPR’s language guidance, which is made by editors who weren’t part of the discussion. And in a statement on Thursday, the Arab and Middle Eastern Journalists Association said it is a professional association for journalists, not a political advocacy group.

Mr. Berliner’s public criticism has highlighted broader concerns within NPR about the public broadcaster’s mission amid continued financial struggles. Last year, NPR cut 10 percent of its staff and canceled four podcasts, including the popular “Invisibilia,” as it tried to make up for a $30 million budget shortfall. Listeners have drifted away from traditional radio to podcasts, and the advertising market has been unsteady.

In his essay, Mr. Berliner laid some of the blame at the feet of NPR’s former chief executive, John Lansing, who said he was retiring at the end of last year after four years in the role. He was replaced by Ms. Maher, who started on March 25.

During a meeting with employees in her first week, Ms. Maher was asked what she thought about decisions to give a platform to political figures like Ronna McDaniel, the former Republican Party chair whose position as a political analyst at NBC News became untenable after an on-air revolt from hosts who criticized her efforts to undermine the 2020 election.

“I think that this conversation has been one that does not have an easy answer,” Ms. Maher responded.

Benjamin Mullin reports on the major companies behind news and entertainment. Contact Ben securely on Signal at +1 530-961-3223 or email at [email protected] . More about Benjamin Mullin

Katie Robertson covers the media industry for The Times. Email:  [email protected]   More about Katie Robertson