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APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Inventions, Achievements, Death Date, Quotes, Full Name, Education & other details

Apj abdul kalam death anniversary is being observed on july 27. know more about apj abdul kalam's inventions, death date, achievements, education, early life, family and other details. .

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born on October 15, 1931, raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied Physics and aerospace engineering. APJ Abdul Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then opposition Indian National Congress party. Also referred to as ‘People’s President’, APJ Abdul Kalam returned to his civilian life of education, writing, and public service after serving only one term.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography

Apj abdul kalam early life, education.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1981, to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage center of Rameswaram on Pamban Island. It was then in the Madras Presidency under British India and is now in the State of Tamil Nadu.

APJ Abdul Kalam’s father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque while his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. His father also owned a ferry that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth between Rameswaram and the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.

APJ Abdul Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in his family. His family had been wealthy Marakayar traders and landowners, with numerous properties and large tracts of land. With the opening of the Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family fortune and properties were lost over time, apart from the ancestral home.

APJ Abdul Kalam Education

Apj abdul kalam as a scientist.

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, APJ Abdul Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research and Development Service. He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, however, remained unconvinced by his job at DRDO.

In 1969, APJ Abdul Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980.

APJ Abdul Kalam was also invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country’s first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in its development.

Get here current GK and GK quiz questions in English and Hindi for India , World, Sports and Competitive exam preparation. Download the Jagran Josh Current Affairs App .

What is the full form of APJ in APJ Abdul Kalam? + Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam is the full name of Dr. Kalam.
Why is Dr. APJ Abdul kalam is known as the Missile Man of India? + APJ Abdul Kalam is known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missiles and launch vehicle technology.
Where was Dr. APJ Abdul kalam born? + Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1981 to a Tamil Muslim Family in the pilgrimage center of Rameswaram on Pamban Island.
What are the other names given to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam? + APJ Abdul Kalam is also known as "People's President" and "Missile Man of India".
Why is Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam famous? + Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is the Indian scientist who played a leading role in the development of India's missile and nuclear weapon programs.
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A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and politician who served his country as president from 2002 to 2007.

(1931–2015)

Quick Facts

Early years, rise to the presidency, death and legacy, who was a.p.j. abdul kalam.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an aerospace scientist who joined India's defense department after graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology. He was a central figure in the development of the country's nuclear capabilities and was hailed as a national hero after a series of successful tests in 1998. Kalam served as India's president for one term from 2002 to 2007, and died of a heart attack on July 27, 2015.

FULL NAME: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam BORN: October 15, 1931 DIED: July 27, 2015 BIRTHPLACE: Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, India SCHOOLS: Madras Institute of Technology, St. Joseph's College ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Leo

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born into a Muslim family on October 15, 1931, on the island of Dhanushkodi off the southeastern coast of India. He developed an early fascination with flight by watching birds, which developed into an interest in aeronautics after he saw a newspaper article about a British fighter plane.

Despite his modest beginnings – his dad built and rented boats – Kalam was a bright student who showed promise in science and mathematics. He attended St. Joseph's College and went on to earn a degree in aeronautical engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology.

His hopes of becoming a fighter pilot were dashed when he narrowly missed out on a spot with the Indian Air Force. Kalam instead joined the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a senior scientific assistant in 1958. After moving to the newly formed Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969, he was named project director of the SLV-III, the first satellite launch vehicle designed and produced on Indian soil.

Returning to the DRDO as director in 1982, Kalam implemented the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program. He then became the senior scientific adviser to India's defense minister in 1992, a position he used to campaign for the development of nuclear tests.

Kalam was a key figure in the May 1998 Pokhran-II tests, in which five nuclear devices were detonated in the Rajasthan Desert. Although the tests resulted in condemnation and economic sanctions from other world powers, Kalam was hailed as a national hero for his staunch defense of the country’s security.

In 2002, India's ruling National Democratic Alliance helped Kalam win an election against Lakshmi Sahgal and become India's 11th president, a largely ceremonial post. Known as the People's President, Kalam set a goal of conducting 500,000 one-on-one meetings with young people over the course of his five-year term. His immense popularity led to him being nominated by MTV for a Youth Icon of the Year award in 2003 and 2006.

After leaving office in 2007, Kalam became a visiting professor at several universities. He formed the "What Can I Give Movement" in 2011 with the goal of creating a compassionate society, and in 2012, his efforts to improve healthcare led to the release of a tablet for medical personnel to use in remote areas.

On July 27, 2015, Kalam suffered a massive heart attack while lecturing at the Indian Institute of Management and subsequently died at the age of 83.

Kalam was laid to rest on July 30 with full state honors in his native Tamil Nadu. In honor of the scientist and former president, the southeast Indian state government of Tamil Nadu created a "Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award," which recognizes exceptional individuals who promote the sciences, students and humanities. The government has also established Kalam's birthday (October 15) as "Youth Renaissance Day." Discussion about building a large-scale memorial at his burial site is underway.

Among his many accolades, including honorary doctorates from 40 universities, he was granted the Padma Bhushan (1981), the Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the Bharat Ratna (1997) — India's highest civilian awards — for his contributions in modernizing government defense technology. He also wrote several books, including the autobiography Wings of Fire in 1999.

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APJ Abdul Kalam Biography

by Manjusha · December 24, 2016

APJ Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born October 15, 1931, Tamil Nadu) was the eleventh President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007. A notable scientist and engineer, he is often referred to as the Missile Man of India. He is considered a progressive mentor, innovator and visionary in India. Kalam was the second apolitical figure in India’s history, to become its President, the first being Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. His term as president ended on July 25, 2007.

Professional life

Kalam started working in DRDO in 1958 and then joined ISRO in 1963. He has made significant contribution to Indian satellite and launch vehicles of ISRO and also in the missile programme of DRDO. As project Director, SLV-III, he contributed for the design, development and management of India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) that injected Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit. He was responsible for the evolution of ISRO’s launch vehicles programme and configurations. He rejoined DRDO in 1982 and conceived the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) for indigenous missiles. He was also Scientific Adviser to Defence Minister and Secretary, Department of Defence Research & Development from July 1992 to December 1999.

As Chairman, Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC), he generated the Technology Vision 2020 documents – a road map for transforming India from Developing India to Developed India. He provided overall guidance to a number of Homegrown Technology Projects and major technology missions such as Sugar, Advanced Composites and Fly Ash utilization.

Kalam has received honorary doctorates from as many as thirty universities. The Government of India has honored him with the nation’s highest civilian honors: the Padma Bhushan in 1981; the Padma Vibhushan in 1990; and the Bharat Ratna in 1997.

Kalam has written several inspirational books, most notably his autobiography Wings of Fire, aimed at motivating Indian youth. Another of his books, Guiding Souls: Dialogues on the Purpose of Life reveals his spiritual side. He has written poems in Tamil as well.

Kalam died on July 27, 2015 while delivering a speech at IIM Shillong.

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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam facts for kids

Kalam was elected as the 11th president of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the " People's President ", he returned to his civilian life of education, writing and public service after a single term. He was a recipient of several prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna , India's highest civilian honour.

While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83. Thousands, including national-level dignitaries, attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram , where he was buried with full state honours.

Early life and education

Career as a scientist, post-presidency, personal life, pramukh swami as guru, plant species, other awards and honours, books, documentaries and popular culture.

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931, to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram on Pamban Island, then in the Madras Presidency and now in the State of Tamil Nadu . His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque; his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. His father owned a ferry that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth between Rameswaram and the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi. Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in his family. His ancestors had been wealthy Marakayar traders and landowners, with numerous properties and large tracts of land. Marakayar are a Muslim ethnic group found in coastal Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka who claim descent from Arab traders and local women. The family business had involved trading groceries between the mainland and the island and to and from Sri Lanka , as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban. With the opening of the Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family fortune and properties were lost by the 1920s, apart from the ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a young boy he had to sell newspapers to add to the family's meager income.

In his school years, Kalam had average grades but was described as a bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire to learn. He spent hours on his studies, especially mathematics . After completing his education at the Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, then affiliated with the University of Madras, from where he graduated in physics in 1954. He moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute of Technology. While Kalam was working on a senior class project, the Dean was dissatisfied with his lack of progress and threatened to revoke his scholarship unless the project was finished within the next three days. Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later said to him, "I was putting you under stress and asking you to meet a difficult deadline." He narrowly missed achieving his dream of becoming a fighter pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and only eight positions were available in the IAF .

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He started his career by designing a small hovercraft , but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO. Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working under Vikram Sarabhai , the renowned space scientist. He was interviewed and recruited into ISRO by H. G. S. Murthy, the first Director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS). In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965. In 1969, Kalam received the government's approval and expanded the programme to include more engineers.

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA 's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia ; Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland ; and Wallops Flight Facility . Between the 1970s and 1990s, Kalam made an effort to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which proved to be successful.

Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Buddha as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in its development. In the 1970s, Kalam also directed two projects, Project Devil and Project Valiant , which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme. Despite the disapproval of the Union Cabinet, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship. Kalam played an integral role convincing the Union Cabinet to conceal the true nature of these classified aerospace projects. His research and educational leadership brought him great laurels and prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to initiate an advanced missile programme under his directorship. Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist and scientific adviser to the Defence Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for simultaneous development of a quiver of missiles instead of taking planned missiles one after another. R Venkatraman was instrumental in getting the cabinet approval for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam as the chief executive. Kalam played a major part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticised for mismanagement and cost and time overruns.

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram , during the testing phase. Media coverage of Kalam during this period made him the country's best known nuclear scientist. However, the director of the site test, K Santhanam, said that the thermonuclear bomb had been a "fizzle" and criticised Kalam for issuing an incorrect report. Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed the claims.

In 1998, along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent". In 2012, the duo designed a rugged tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".

Kalam served as the 11th president of India, succeeding K. R. Narayanan . He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.

On 10 June 2002, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at the time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the post of President, and both the Samajwadi Party and the Nationalist Congress Party backed his candidacy. After the Samajwadi Party announced its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek a second term in office, leaving the field clear.

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers in the Indian Parliament, accompanied by Vajpayee and his senior Cabinet colleagues.

The polling for the presidential election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and the state assemblies, with the media claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held on 18 July. Kalam became the 11th president of the Republic of India in an easy victory, and moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July. Kalam was the third President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, before becoming the President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1954) and Zakir Hussain (1963) were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India. He was also the first scientist and the first bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.

During his term as president, he was affectionately known as the People's President , saying that signing the Office of Profit Bill was the toughest decision he had taken during his tenure. Kalam was criticised for his inaction in deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 mercy petitions submitted to him during his tenure. Article 72 of the Constitution of India empowers the President of India to grant pardons, and suspend or commute the death sentence of convicts on death row. Perhaps the most notable plea was from Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri terrorist who was convicted of conspiracy in the December 2001 attack on the Indian Parliament and was sentenced to death by the Supreme Court of India in 2004. While the sentence was scheduled to be carried out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on his mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row. He also took the controversial decision to impose President's Rule in Bihar in 2005.

In September 2003, in an interactive session in PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported the need of Uniform Civil Code in India, keeping in view the population of the country.

At the end of his term, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to consider a second term in office provided there was certainty about his victory in the 2007 presidential election. However, two days later, he decided not to contest the Presidential election again stating that he wanted to avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan from any political processes. He was proposed by third front named United National Progressive Alliance leader J. Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not have the support of the left parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a renewed mandate.

Nearing the expiry of the term of the 12th President Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in April claimed that Kalam was likely to be nominated for his second term. After the reports, social networking sites witnessed a number of people supporting his candidature. The BJP potentially backed his nomination, saying that the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Congress, Samajwadi Party and Indian National Congress proposed him for the 2012 presidential election. A month ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support for Kalam. Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter. On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute of Management Indore; an honorary fellow of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; and an adjunct at many other academic and research institutions across India. He taught information technology at the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, and technology at Banaras Hindu University and Anna University.

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups over his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he supported the establishment of the nuclear power plant and was accused of not speaking with the local people. The protesters were hostile to his visit as they saw him as a pro-nuclear scientist and were unimpressed by the assurances he provided regarding the safety features of the plant.

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for the youth of India called the What Can I Give Movement , with a central theme of defeating corruption.

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture on "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. While climbing a flight of stairs, he experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the auditorium after a brief rest. At around 6:35 p.m. IST , only five minutes into his lecture, he collapsed. He was rushed to the nearby Bethany Hospital in a critical condition; upon arrival, he lacked a pulse or any other signs of life. Despite being placed in the intensive care unit , Kalam was confirmed dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m. IST . His last words, to his aide Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you doing well?"

Following his death, Kalam's body was airlifted in an Indian Air Force helicopter from Shillong to Guwahati, from where it was flown to New Delhi on the morning of 28 July in an air force C-130J Hercules. The flight landed at Palam Air Base that afternoon and was received by the President, the vice-president, the Prime Minister, Chief Minister of Delhi Arvind Kejriwal , and the three service chiefs of the Indian Armed Forces , who laid wreaths on Kalam's body. His body was then placed on a gun carriage draped with the Indian flag and taken to his Delhi residence at 10 Rajaji Marg; there, the public and numerous dignitaries paid homage, including former prime minister Manmohan Singh , Congress President Sonia Gandhi and Vice-president Rahul Gandhi , and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav .

On the morning of 29 July, Kalam's body, wrapped in the Indian flag, was taken to Palam Air Base and flown to Madurai in an air force C-130J aircraft, arriving at Madurai Airport that afternoon. His body was received at the airport by the three service chiefs and national and state dignitaries, including cabinet ministers Manohar Parrikar , Venkaiah Naidu , Pon Radhakrishnan and the governors of Tamil Nadu and Meghalaya, K Rosaiah and V. Shanmuganathan. After a brief ceremony, Kalam's body was flown by air force helicopter to the town of Mandapam, from where it was taken in an army truck to his hometown of Rameswaram. Upon arriving at Rameswaram, his body was displayed in an open area in front of the local bus station to allow the public to pay their final respects until 8 p.m. that evening.

On 30 July 2015, the former president was laid to rest at Rameswaram 's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state honours. Over 350,000 people attended the last rites, including the Prime Minister, the governor of Tamil Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.

India reacted to Kalam's death with an outpouring of grief; numerous tributes were paid to the former president across the nation and on social media. The Government of India declared a seven-day state mourning period as a mark of respect. President Pranab Mukherjee , Vice-president Hamid Ansari , Home Minister Rajnath Singh , and other leaders condoled the former President's demise. Prime Minister Narendra Modi said "Kalam's death is a great loss to the scientific community. He took India to great heights. He showed the way." Former Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh, who had served as prime minister under Kalam, said, "our country has lost a great human being who made phenomenal contributions to the promotion of self-reliance in defence technologies. I worked very closely with Dr. Kalam as prime minister and I greatly benefited from his advice as president of our country. His life and work will be remembered for generations to come." ISRO chairman A. S. Kiran Kumar called his former colleague "a great personality and a gentleman", while former chairman G. Madhavan Nair described Kalam as "a global leader" for whom "the downtrodden and poor people were his priority. He always had a passion to convey what is in his mind to the young generation", adding that his death left a vacuum which none could fill.

South Asian leaders expressed condolences and lauded the late statesman. The Bhutanese government ordered the country's flags to fly at half-staff to mourn Kalam's death and lit 1000 butter lamps in homage. Bhutanese Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay expressed deep sadness, saying Kalam "was a leader greatly admired by all people, especially the youth of India who have referred to him as the people's President". Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina described Kalam as "a rare combination of a great statesman, acclaimed scientist, and a source of inspiration to the young generation of South Asia" and termed his death an "irreparable loss to India and beyond". Bangladesh Nationalist Party chief Khaleda Zia said "as a nuclear scientist, he engaged himself in the welfare of the people". Ashraf Ghani , the President of Afghanistan , called Kalam "an inspirational figure to millions of people," noting that "we have a lot to learn from his life". Nepalese Prime Minister Sushil Koirala recalled Kalam's scientific contributions to India: "Nepal has lost a good friend and I have lost an honoured and ideal personality." The President of Pakistan , Mamnoon Hussain , and Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif also expressed their grief and condolences on his death. The President of Sri Lanka , Maithripala Sirisena , also expressed his condolences. "Dr. Kalam was a man of firm conviction and indomitable spirit, and I saw him as an outstanding statesman of the world. His death is an irreparable loss not only to India but to the entire world." Maldivian President Abdulla Yameen and Vice-president Ahmed Adeeb condoled Kalam's death, with Yameen naming him as a close friend of the Maldives who would continue to be an inspiration to Indians and generations of South Asians. Former President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, who had made an official visit to India during Kalam's presidency, termed his demise as a great loss to all of humankind. The Commander-in-Chief of the Myanmar Armed Forces, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing , expressed condolences on behalf of the Myanmar government. The Dalai Lama expressed his sadness and offered condolences and prayers, calling Kalam's death "an irreparable loss".

Kathleen Wynne , the Premier of Ontario , which Kalam had visited on numerous occasions, expressed "deepest condolences ... as a respected scientist, he played a critical role in the development of the Indian space programme. As a committed educator, he inspired millions of young people to achieve their very best. And as a devoted leader, he gained support both at home and abroad, becoming known as 'the people's President'. I join our Indo–Canadian families, friends, and neighbours in mourning the passing of this respected leader." United States President Barack Obama extended "deepest condolences to the people of India on the passing of former Indian President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam", and highlighted his achievements as a scientist and as a statesman, notably his role in strengthening US–India relations and increasing space co-operation between the two nations. "Suitably named 'the People's President', Dr. Kalam's humility and dedication to public service served as an inspiration to millions of Indians and admirers around the world." Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed sincere condolences and conveyed his sympathy and support "to the near and dear ones of the deceased leader, to the government, and entire people of India". He remarked on Kalam's outstanding "personal contribution to the social, economic, scientific, and technical progress of India and in ensuring its national security," adding that Kalam would be remembered as a "consistent exponent of closer friendly relations between our nations, who has done a lot for cementing mutually beneficial Russian–Indian cooperation." Other international leaders—including former Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono , Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak , Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong , President of the United Arab Emirates Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan , and vice-president and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates and emir of Dubai Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum —also paid tribute to Kalam. In a special gesture, Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon visited the Permanent Mission of India to the UN and signed a condolence book. "The outpouring of grief around the world is a testament of the respect and inspiration he has garnered during and after his presidency. The UN joins the people of India in sending our deepest condolences for this great statesman. May he rest in peace and eternity", Ban wrote in his message.

The Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam National Memorial was built in memory of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in the island town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in July 2017. On display are the replicas of rockets and missiles which Kalam had worked with. Acrylic paintings about his life are also displayed along with hundreds of portraits depicting the life of the mass leader. There is a statue of Kalam in the entrance showing him playing the Veena. There are two other smaller statues of the leader in sitting and standing posture.

Kalam was the youngest of five siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra ( d. 1997 ), followed by three elder brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021), Mustafa Kalam ( d. 1999 ) and Kasim Mohammed ( d. 1995 ). He was extremely close to his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his life, and would regularly send small sums of money to his older relations, himself remaining a lifelong bachelor.

Kalam was noted for his integrity and his simple lifestyle. He never owned a television, and was in the habit of rising at 6:30 or 7 a.m. and sleeping by 2 a.m. His few personal possessions included his books, his veena, some articles of clothing, a CD player and a laptop; at his death, he left no will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very important to Kalam throughout his life. He made his own spiritual journey the subject of his final book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji .

A proud and practising Muslim , daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to Kalam's life. His father, the imam of a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly instilled these Islamic customs in his children. His father had also impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith respect and dialogue. As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest of the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, and a church priest used to sit with hot tea and discuss the issues concerning the island." Such early exposure convinced Kalam that the answers to India's multitudinous issues lay in "dialogue and cooperation" among the country's religious, social, and political leaders. Moreover, since Kalam believed that "respect for other faiths" was one of the key cornerstones of Islam , he was fond of saying: "For great men, religion is a way of making friends; small people make religion a fighting tool."

One component of Kalam's widespread popularity among diverse groups in India, and an enduring aspect of his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating various elements of the many spiritual and cultural traditions of India. In addition to his faith in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed in Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit , read the Bhagavad Gita and he was a vegetarian. Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil poetry, playing the veena (an Indian string instrument), and listening to Carnatic devotional music every day. In 2002, in one of his early speeches to Parliament after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a more united India, stating that "during the last one year I met a number of spiritual leaders of all religions ... and I would like to endeavour to work for bringing about unity of minds among the divergent traditions of our country". Describing Kalam as a unifier of diverse traditions, Congress leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, an embodiment of the eclecticism of India's heritage of diversity". BJP leader L. K. Advani concurred that Kalam was "the best exemplar of the Idea of India, one who embodied the best of all the cultural and spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. This was most strikingly evident in the second-to-last book he published, presciently titled Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swami ".

Kalam's desire to meet spiritual leaders to help create a more prosperous, spiritual, and unified India was what initially led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to consider his ultimate spiritual teacher and guru. The first of eight meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year period took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, during which Kalam described being immediately drawn to Pramukh Swami's simplicity and spiritual purity. Kalam stated that he was inspired by Pramukh Swami throughout their numerous interactions. One such incident occurred the day following the terrorist attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and sprinkled holy water upon, the sites of all of the deceased, including the terrorists, demonstrating the view that all human life is sacred. Kalam recalled being moved by Pramukh Swami's equanimity and compassion, citing this incident as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji . Summarising the effect that Pramukh Swami had on him, Kalam stated that "[Pramukh Swami] has indeed transformed me. He is the ultimate stage of the spiritual ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put me in a God-synchronous orbit. No manoeuvres are required any more, as I am placed in my final position in eternity." Following Kalam's death a month after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari pointed to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.

In his book India 2020 , Kalam strongly advocated an action plan to develop India into a "knowledge superpower" and a developed nation by 2020. He regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as a way to assert India's place as a future superpower.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" in his life when he asked Pramukh Swami, the guru of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, how India might realise this five-pronged vision of development. Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth area developing faith in God and spirituality to overcome the current climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for the next 15 years Kalam's life, which he describes in his final book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, published just a month before his death.

It was reported that there was considerable demand in South Korea for translated versions of books authored by him.

Kalam took an active interest in other developments in the field of science and technology, including a research programme for developing biomedical implants. He also supported open source technology over proprietary software , predicting that the use of free software on a large scale would bring the benefits of information technology to more people.

Kalam set a target of interacting with 100,000 students during the two years after his resignation from the post of scientific adviser in 1999. He explained, "I feel comfortable in the company of young people, particularly high school students. Henceforth, I intend to share with them experiences, helping them to ignite their imagination and preparing them to work for a developed India for which the road map is already available." His dream is to let every student to light up the sky with victory using their latent fire in the heart.

Awards and honours

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for his work with ISRO and DRDO and his role as a scientific advisor to the Government. In 1997, Kalam received India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna , for his contribution to the scientific research and modernisation of defence technology in India. In 2013, he was the recipient of the Von Braun Award from the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the management and leadership of a space-related project".

In 2012, Kalam was ranked number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian .

Following his death, Kalam received numerous tributes. The Tamil Nadu state government announced that his birthday, 15 October, would be observed across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state government further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold medal, a certificate and ₹ 500,000 (US$8,500). The award will be awarded annually on Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the state with achievements in promoting scientific growth, the humanities or the welfare of students.

On the anniversary of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics on his name in the CBSE expression series.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps commemorating Kalam at DRDO Bhawan in New Delhi on 15 October 2015, the 84th anniversary of Kalam's birth.

Researchers at the NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new bacterium on the filters of the International Space Station (ISS) and named it Solibacillus kalamii to honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.

Several educational and scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named in honour of Kalam following his death.

Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam lived for years, was renamed to A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
An agricultural college at Kishanganj, Bihar, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by the Bihar state government on the day of Kalam's funeral. The state government also announced it would name a proposed science city after Kalam.
India's First Medical Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute of Health Technology located at Visakhapatnam .
Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University by the Uttar Pradesh state government.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute of Digestive Diseases, a new research institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to the Travancore Medical College Hospital.
A new academic complex at Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala.
Construction of Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Science City started in Patna in February 2019.
A new science centre and planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.
India and the US have launched the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in September 2014. The first call for applicants was announced on Friday, 12 March 2016, for the fellowship which will enable up to 6 Indian PhD students and post-doctoral researchers to work with US host institutions for a period of 6–12 months. The fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) under the Fulbright programme.
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.

Wheeler Island, a national missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island in September 2015.

A prominent road in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road in August 2015.

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Survey of India named a newly found plant species as Drypetes kalamii , in his honour.

Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Space Technology by A P J Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha ; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988.
India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium by A P J Abdul Kalam, Y. S. Rajan; New York, 1998.
Wings of Fire: An Autobiography by A P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.
Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.
The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.
Mission India by A P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005
Inspiring Thoughts by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007
Indomitable Spirit by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing
Envisioning an Empowered Nation by A P J Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi
You Are Born To Blossom: Take My Journey Beyond by A P J Abdul Kalam and Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.
Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.
Target 3 Billion by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions by A P J Abdul Kalam; 2014 by the Rupa Publication.
A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins .
Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by A P J Abdul Kalam; by Rajpal & Sons, 29 October 2014.
Reignited: Scientific Pathways to a Brighter Future by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin India, 14 May 2015.
Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji by A P J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015
Advantage India: From Challenge to Opportunity by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 October 2015.
Eternal Quest: Life and Times of Dr Kalam by S Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.
President A P J Abdul Kalam by R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.
A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India by K Bhushan, G Katyal; A P H Pub Corp, 2002.
A Little Dream (documentary film) by P. Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Private Limited, 2008.
The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.
My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A K George; Novel Corporation, 2009.
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Collins, 2015.
The People's President: Dr A P J Abdul Kalam by S M Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.
In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam , Kalam is portrayed as a positive influence on a poor but bright Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour of his idol. My Hero Kalam is a 2018 Indian Kannada -language biographical film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his life from childhood to the Pokhran tests.
People's President is a 2016 Indian documentary feature film directed by Pankaj Vyas which covers the life of Kalam. It was produced by the Government of India 's Films Division.
Mega Icons (2018–2020), a documentary television series about prominent personalities of India which aired on National Geographic, based the third episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's life and his ascendancy to India's presidency.
Soorarai Pottru , a 2020 film about the Indian aviation industry had a look-alike of Kalam, Sheik Maideen, portraying him.
Rocket Boys' , an Indian Hindi -language Biographical streaming television series on SonyLIV. The character of Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.
2002 Indian presidential election
List of presidents of India
The Greatest Indian
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DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam FORMER PRESIDENT OF INDIA Term of Office: 25th July 2002 - 25th July 2007

Former President Of India

Dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam.

Born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology. Dr. Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in July 1980 and made India an exclusive member of Space Club.

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DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam BR 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering. He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved in India's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts.

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam BR was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007

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The Incredible Journey of the Amazing Abdul Kalam

“Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.” — APJ Abdul Kalam.

A young boy from Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu, who sold newspapers to support his family, often looked up at the sky on his route and dreamt of flying. Decades later, he went on to be renowned as the People’s President and made India soar to greater heights.

Born on October 15, 1931, APJ Abdul Kalam started from humble beginnings; his father ferried people to and fro the now-desolate Danushkodi and Rameshwaram on his boat. Kalam was a curious student and loved learning; he graduated in Physics from St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirapalli. A year later, in 1955, he enrolled to study aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology, thus beginning his illustrious career.

A Rocket Scientist

Kalam wanted to become a fighter pilot but missed his chance by only one rank (eight slots were remaining, while he ranked 9th). Instead, he joined the Defence Research and Development Organisation ( DRDO ) as a scientist in the aeronautical department. He started by designing a small hovercraft; however, his interests lay elsewhere.

In 1969, he approached Vikram Sarabhai , the founder of the Indian Space Programme, for a role in space research. Then, Kalam became the project director of India’s first indigenous satellite launch vehicle, the SLV-III, successfully propelling Satellite Rohini into near-Earth orbit. This feat put India on the global map for space exploration.

The Missile Man

In 1982, Kalam rejoined the DRDO as the Director of the Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL). He was instrumental in producing several missiles that made India self-reliant. He earned the name “Missile Man of India” after some of his most successful missions — Agni , India’s first intermediate-range ballistic missile, and Prithvi , a tactical surface-to-surface missile.

Onwards & Upwards

Kalam’s research and knowledge earned him several laurels in the 1980s. In 1992, he became the first scientific advisor of the Defence Minister for five years. His role in the country’s nuclear weapons test solidified India as a nuclear power, which left an impact on the world.

He also put together the Technology Vision 2020, which aimed at progressing the nation from developing to developed by implementing advanced technology, increasing agricultural productivity, expanding healthcare facilities, and emphasising the importance of education.

Kalam addressing engineering students at IIT Guwahati

The People’s President

In July 2002, Kalam became the 11th president of India. During his tenure, he worked hard for the welfare of his people. He implemented tough decisions such as signing the “Office of Profit” Act. He especially loved interacting with children since he held education at a high value. His birthday is also celebrated as Students Day in India.

The Learning Never Stopped

After Kalam’s presidency tenure, he continued imparting knowledge. Committed to using science and technology to transform India, he served as a lecturer in several universities. He wrote notable books, including the Wings of Fire and Ignited Minds . He also won several awards, including the prestigious Padma Vibhushan and the Bharat Ratna.

Abdul Kalam will always be remembered for his contributions to the fields of science and politics. He passed away in July 2015 while giving a lecture at IIM Shillong, leaving behind a legacy of innovation and inspiration for posterity.

Did this tale leave you inspired? On Abdul Kalam’s birthday, tell us what you liked about his journey the most, in the comments below.

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Biography of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam | History, Books, Thoughts, Awards, & Fact

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A. P. J. Abdul Kalam , was the eleventh President of India from 2002 to 2007. A career scientist turned statesman, Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied physics and aerospace engineering. He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology. Here Knowledge Glow provides complete biography of DR. APJ Abdul Kalam | History, Books, Thoughts, Awards, Fact & many more.

Early Life and Education

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu on 15 October 1931 to a family of boatmen. He had his early education in the Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu where he studied at a local school before completing his matriculation examination with first division marks in 1940 (the highest possible score) and graduating as an electrical engineer from Madras Institute of Technology (MIT).

The Second World War interrupted Kalam’s studies and he joined the Indian Military Academy as an officer cadet on 9 March 1948.He then spent two years at the National Defence College before being posted back to India where he served as Secretary General of Defense Production Council until 1955.

In 1956, Kalam headed another committee which examined issues relating to defence production including use of latest technology such as jet planes by Indian armed forces.

Books Written by APJ Abdul Kalam

India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium
Wings of Fire
Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power within India
Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji
A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020

Honorary Degrees of APJ Abdul Kalam

Also Read: Biography of Lala Lajpat Rai

Awards of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

1981: Padma Bhushan – Government of India
1990: Padma Vibhushan – Government of India
1997: Bharat Ratna – Government of India
1997: Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration – Government of India
1998: Veer Savarkar Award – Government of India
2000: SASTRA Ramanujan Prize – Shanmugha Arts,Science,Technology & Research Academy, India
2013: Von Braun Award – National Space Society

Career as a Scientist

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu on 15 October 1931. He studied physics and aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT), Chennai, earning a master’s degree in aeronautical engineering from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru.

After completing his studies at MIT, Kalam joined Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) as an Assistant Director in 1956 where he worked on supersonic aircrafts for fighter jets before moving to head its Research Centre in 1961 where he led efforts towards developing lightweight materials for aircrafts including fighter planes such as MiG-21s and Sukhoi Su-7s that were expected to be introduced within five years time frame with civil applications being explored later on when technology matured further; these projects had been funded by ADA with government funding later becoming available after 1962 Indo-China war broke out due Kalam left ADA earlier than expected due poor financial condition caused by low demand during recession period (- 1960s).

Political Career of APJ Abdul Kalam

Kalam was a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament, from 1991 to 2002. He served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 and joined politics in 1971 when he became General Secretary of Students’ Federation of Andhra Pradesh. He was appointed National Security Advisor by Prime Minister P V Narasimha Rao on November 26, 1998 and held that office till August 31, 1999 when he resigned over differences with Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s policy decisions on Kashmir. He also served as Chief Scientific Adviser to DRDO (Defence Research & Development Organisation) during this period until June 2001 when he was appointed Chairman Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).

Kalam has been awarded various awards including Padma Bhushan (1999), Padma Vibhushan (2001) and Bharat Ratna Award presented by Government Of India (2002).

President of India : APJ Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam is the 11th President of India and was a scientist, academician and statesman who served as a professor in aerospace engineering at Indian Institute of Science (IISc) before his appointment as president in 2002. He was born on 15 October 1931 to an illiterate family in Rameshwaram in Tamil Nadu state; he has two brothers named Ramanathan and Ramamoorthy who were also engineers but did not become presidents like him. He went on to complete his PhD from Madras University after which he joined Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) , as an assistant director responsible for missile development programme which led him towards becoming Defence Minister during P V Narasimha Rao’s tenure at Centre

Death and Legacy

APJ Abdul Kalam died on 27 July 2015 at 00:15 IST at Shri Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry, India. He was 76 years old and had been suffering from respiratory complications since 2012.

He is survived by his wife, Dr. Suja Vaidya; his daughter; son-in-law Ramesh Chandra Prasad (a US citizen); grandchildren Rahul & Prarthana; great grandson Kunal & grandson Akshat Prasad.

Personal Life of APJ. Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in Tamil Nadu, India as the second child to an Indian Muslim family . He had two siblings and both of them were born before him: his elder sister Smt. Kamala Kaul (1927—) who was also an educationist and a politician; and his younger brother Moulana Ashraf Ali (1935—). Both of his parents died when he was young which caused him to become very close with his relatives who lived nearby; however, this would later lead him into leading a life where he could not stay long due to lack of money after completing school studies at Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati Vidya Mandir School in Chandigarh till class 10th standard then moving out to live alone until college days came when he met Anjali Prasad Mishra who eventually became his wife in 1957 following which they had three children together: Arun Kumar Mishra (1960), Rama Misra (1962), Amitabha Misra

Religious and Spiritual Views

Religious and spiritual views
He was a Muslim and a faithful devotee of Islam. He believed in the oneness of God, the finality of Prophet Muhammad and that Allah is the only God.
He also believed that Allah had sent down his last messenger (Muhammad) to bring peace, justice and equity to mankind through him.

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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was born on the 15th of October 1931 in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. He is an Indian scientist who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007, and as a scientific advisor to the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) until 2009. He is also known for his contributions to India’s missile program, which culminated in the country developing its first nuclear weapons test in 1998; he has spoken out repeatedly against nuclear weapons proliferation since then . He is a recipient of the Padma Bhushan (1990), Padma Vibhushan (1997) and Bharat Ratna (2015) awards.

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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Biography For Students

4to40.com October 14, 2021 Biographies for Kids 14,346 Views

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam — Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born 15 October 1931 – died 27 July 2015) is an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, studied physics at the St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, and aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology, Chennai .

Kalam was elected the President of India in 2002, defeating Lakshmi Sahgal, was nominated by Bharatiya Janata Party and supported by opposition Indian National Congress, the major political parties of India. He is currently a visiting professor at Indian Institute of Management Shillong, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad and Indian Institute of Management Indore, honorary fellow of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University (Chennai), JSS University (Mysuru) and an adjunct/visiting faculty at many other academic and research institutions across India.

Kalam advocated plans to develop India into a developed nation by 2020 in his book India 2020. He has received several prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour. Kalam is known for his motivational speeches and interaction with the student community in India. He launched his mission for the youth of the nation in 2011 called the What Can I Give Movement with a central theme to defeat corruption in India.

Early Life and Education:

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in a Tamil Muslim family to Jainulabudeen, a boat owner and Ashiamma, a housewife, at Rameswaram, Ramanathapuram District, located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He came from a poor background and started working at an early age to supplement his family’s income. After completing school, Kalam distributed newspapers to financially contribute to his father’s income. In his school years, he had average grades, but was described as a bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire to learn and spend hours on his studies, especially mathematics. He was just a simple man with a great fierceful heart in his childhood. After completing his school education at the Ramanathapuram Schwartz Matriculation School, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, then affiliated with the University of Madras, from where he graduated in physics in 1954. Towards the end of the course, he was not enthusiastic about the subject and would later regret the four years he studied it. He then moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering. While Kalam was working on a senior class project, the Dean was dissatisfied with the lack of progress and threatened revoking his scholarship unless the project was finished within the next three days. He worked tirelessly on his project and met the deadline, impressing the Dean who later said, “I [Dean] was putting you [Kalam] under stress and asking you to meet a difficult deadline”. He narrowly missed achieving his dream of becoming a fighter pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and only eight positions were available in the IAF.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam: Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO.Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist.In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965.In 1969, Kalam received the government’s approval and expanded the programme to include more engineers.

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility.Between the 1970s and 1990s, Kalam made an effort to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which proved to be successful.

Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country’s first nuclear test Smiling Buddha as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in its development. In the 1970s, Kalam also directed two projects, Project Devil and Project Valiant, which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme. Despite the disapproval of the Union Cabinet, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers under Kalam’s directorship. Kalam played an integral role convincing the Union Cabinet to conceal the true nature of these classified aerospace projects.His research and educational leadership brought him great laurels and prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to initiate an advanced missile programme under his directorship. Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist and scientific adviser to the Defence Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for simultaneous development of a quiver of missiles instead of taking planned missiles one after another. R Venkatraman was instrumental in getting the cabinet approval for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam as the chief executive. Kalam played a major part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticized for mismanagement and cost and time overruns.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing phase. Media coverage of Kalam during this period made him the country’s best known nuclear scientist.

In 1998, along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent, named the “Kalam-Raju Stent”. In 2012, the duo designed a rugged tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the “Kalam-Raju Tablet”.

Presidency:

Kalam served as the 11th President of India , succeeding K. R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. During his term as president, he was affectionately known as the People’s President.

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture on “Creating a Livable Planet Earth” at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. While climbing a flight of stairs, he experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the auditorium after a brief rest. At around 6:35 p.m. IST, only five minutes into his lecture, he collapsed. He was rushed to the nearby Bethany Hospital in a critical condition; upon arrival, he lacked a pulse or any other signs of life. Despite being placed in the intensive care unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m IST.

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APJ Abdul Kalam Biography

Table of Contents

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, a name that resonates with every Indian and commands respect worldwide. Known as the “ Missile Man of India, ” he was a visionary leader, a scientist, and the 11th President of India. Dr. Kalam’s life and work continue to inspire generations, making him an iconic figure in India’s history. In this blog post, we’ll delve into the life, contributions, and the indelible legacy of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.

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APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Early Life and Education

On October 15, 1931, in the small Indian village of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born. He belonged to a modest Muslim family, and his childhood was filled with hard work, dedication, and humility. Despite facing financial constraints, Kalam’s parents instilled in him the values of honesty and discipline, which would become the bedrock of his life.

Kalam’s early education took place at the Schwartz Higher Secondary School in Ramanathapuram . He was an intelligent student who was always ready to learn. His fascination with flying machines and the vastness of the sky fueled his dream of becoming a pilot.

In pursuit of this dream, he studied aeronautical engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology. This decision marked the beginning of a remarkable journey that would change the face of Indian science and technology.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam: The Scientist

After completing his studies, Dr. Kalam joined the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) in 1958. His first significant contribution came in 1980 when he was appointed as the Director of the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV) project. He oversaw India’s successful space launch of the Rohini satellite.

One of his most notable achievements was the development of the Agni missile, which strengthened India’s defense capabilities. Kalam’s unwavering commitment to science and technology led to several advancements in ballistic missile technology, earning him the title of “Missile Man.”

APJ Abdul Kalam: PSLV and ISRO

In 1982, Dr. Kalam took over as the Director of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). During his tenure, ISRO launched its first satellite, Rohini, into space, which was a significant milestone in India’s space program. He played a pivotal role in the development of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) , which became India’s workhorse for launching satellites.

Kalam’s leadership and vision paved the way for India to become a key player in the global space arena. His commitment to harnessing space technology for the benefit of society has left a lasting impact on India’s technological growth.

Wings of Fire – The Autobiography of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

In his autobiography, “ Wings of Fire ,” Dr. Kalam shared his life’s journey, struggles, and dreams. This book serves as a testament to his humble beginnings, unwavering determination, and the power of education. “Wings of Fire” became a bestseller and inspired countless young minds to pursue their dreams.

Speech on APJ Abdul Kalam

People’s President: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam’s contributions to science and technology were just one aspect of his illustrious career. In 2002, he was elected as the 11th President of India , a role he embraced with humility and grace. During his tenure as President, Kalam continued to inspire and connect with the youth of the nation.

He often visited schools and colleges, interacting with students and encouraging them to dream big. His lectures and interactions with students became legendary, and he was fondly referred to as the “ People’s President .”

Vision 2020

One of Dr. Kalam’s most ambitious initiatives was his “Vision 2020” plan for India. He envisioned a strong, self-reliant, and technologically advanced India by the year 2020. This vision encompassed various sectors, including agriculture, education, and healthcare. Although not all the goals were achieved by the designated year, Kalam’s vision continues to guide policymakers and inspire citizens to strive for a better India.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Legacy and Honors

Dr. Kalam’s legacy is immense. He was a true patriot and a dedicated scientist who inspired millions with his words and actions. His life story demonstrates that with determination, humility, and hard work, anyone can rise from humble beginnings to achieve greatness.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam received numerous awards and honors during his lifetime, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, and the Hoover Medal, which is awarded for great, unselfish, and pre-eminent service to humanity. His birthday, October 15, is celebrated as “World Students’ Day” to honor his commitment to education and his love for students.

Essay on APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Inspirational Quotes

Dr. Kalam was known for his inspirational quotes, which continue to motivate and guide individuals from all walks of life. Here are a few of his famous quotes:

Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.
If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun.
You have to dream before your dreams can come true.
Great dreams of great dreamers are always transcended.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Education and Youth Empowerment

Dr. Kalam was a staunch advocate for education and youth empowerment. He believed that the nation’s progress depended on nurturing the potential of young minds. His interactions with students in schools and colleges left an indelible mark on the young generation. The “ Kalam Library ” initiative, aimed at providing access to books in rural areas, is a testament to his commitment to education.

His message to the youth was simple yet profound: “You are the future of India. You can make it a better place to live. You are the real architects of the nation.” This philosophy continues to inspire students to strive for excellence in their academic pursuits.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam: Scientific Advancements

Dr. Kalam’s contributions to the field of science and technology are enduring. The Agni missile, PSLV, and other achievements in the missile and space programs have positioned India as a leader in these domains. His dedication to research and development still influences India’s strategic capabilities.

Furthermore, his emphasis on the peaceful use of space technology for societal development led to the success of projects like Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan, India’s lunar and Mars missions, which continue to make significant contributions to space research.

Youth Leadership and Innovation

Dr. Kalam’s life exemplified the virtues of innovation, leadership, and determination. He encouraged young minds to think creatively, to embrace challenges, and to never give up on their dreams. His stories and anecdotes of overcoming obstacles and setbacks have motivated countless individuals to pursue their goals with unwavering determination.

In an era where entrepreneurship and innovation have taken center stage, Kalam’s life serves as a shining example of what a person with a vision and determination can achieve. His story has inspired numerous entrepreneurs and innovators who are shaping India’s future.

APJ Abdul Kalam Bahrat Ratna Award

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam: Literary Contributions

In addition to his scientific achievements, Dr. Kalam was a prolific writer and poet. His books, including “Wings of Fire” and “Ignited Minds,” continue to be bestsellers. His writings not only provide a glimpse into his life but also offer valuable life lessons and insights into leadership and personal development. Many readers, young and old, turn to his books for guidance and inspiration.

Remembering Dr. Kalam

The memory of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is celebrated through various initiatives, including lectures, seminars, and educational programs. His memorial at Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, is a place of pilgrimage for admirers from all over the world.

Annually, on his birth and death anniversaries, people from all walks of life pay tribute to the great visionary by organizing events, conducting community service, and taking part in discussions about his life and teachings.

A Continuing Legacy of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam’s legacy continues to inspire, guide, and influence the nation. His vision of a self-reliant, technologically advanced India by 2020 may not have been entirely realized, but it remains a guiding light for the country’s development. His messages of hope, hard work, and dedication continue to resonate with people across India and the world.

As the world advances into an era of rapid technological changes, global challenges, and a growing need for visionary leadership, Dr. Kalam’s principles and teachings are more relevant than ever. His life story reminds us that, regardless of our circumstances, we can overcome obstacles, achieve greatness, and make a positive impact on society.

In conclusion, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was not just a scientist, a statesman, or a teacher; he was a living embodiment of what a dedicated, humble, and visionary individual can achieve. His life’s work and his words continue to ignite the flames of innovation, education, and progress in the hearts of millions. Dr. Kalam will always be remembered as the “ Missile Man of India ” and a guiding light for the youth, encouraging them to dream, work hard, and make a difference in the world.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s) on APJ Abdul Kalam

Who was dr. apj abdul kalam, and why is he called the missile man of india.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was a renowned Indian scientist, engineer, and statesman who served as the 11th President of India. He is called the Missile Man of India because of his pivotal role in developing India's missile technology and defense capabilities.

What were Dr. Kalam's major contributions to India's space and defense programs?

Dr. Kalam's major contributions included the development of the Agni missile series, the successful launch of the Rohini satellite, and his leadership at ISRO, where he played a key role in advancing India's space capabilities. His work greatly enhanced India's strategic and defense capabilities.

How did Dr. Kalam's presidency influence Indian society and politics?

Dr. Kalam's presidency was marked by his commitment to education and his ability to connect with the youth. He continued to inspire and mentor students throughout his term, advocating for a better India through the empowerment of young minds. His presidency had a significant impact on promoting education and youth leadership.

What is Dr. Kalam's Vision 2020 for India, and has it been achieved?

Dr. Kalam's Vision 2020 was a plan for India to become a developed and technologically advanced nation by the year 2020. While not all the goals were met by the designated year, the vision continues to guide India's development, serving as a blueprint for growth in various sectors, including education, healthcare, and technology.

What are some of Dr. Kalam's most famous quotes, and how do they continue to inspire people?

Dr. Kalam was known for his inspirational quotes, such as Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action and If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun. His quotes encourage people to dream big, work hard, and persist in their pursuits, making them timeless sources of motivation for individuals across the world.

Biography of APJ Abdul Kalam: 15 Key things to learn from him

Unveiling the Extraordinary: Biography of APJ Abdul Kalam

Embark on an inspiring journey as we delve into the life and legacy of one of India’s most revered personalities, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. From his humble beginnings in Rameswaram to becoming the People’s President and the renowned “Missile Man of India,” this biography unveils the extraordinary story of a visionary who left an indelible mark on the realms of science, education, and national leadership. Join us in exploring the multifaceted facets of Dr. Kalam’s life, his contributions to space and defense, and the timeless wisdom he imparted to generations. Let’s dive into the life of a true icon and draw inspiration from the indomitable spirit of APJ Abdul Kalam.

Dr apj abdul kalam: a humble beginning.

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, popularly known as APJ Abdul Kalam, was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, a small town in Tamil Nadu, India. His early life was marked by simplicity, humility, and a deep sense of spirituality.

Early Life and Family Background

Coming from a modest background, Kalam’s parents instilled strong values and a love for learning. Kalam was deeply influenced by his father, who, despite his limited formal education, was a devout individual with a passion for educating his children.

Educational Pursuits and Early Dreams

From a young age, Kalam showed a keen interest in science and technology. His fascination with flight and aircraft led him to dream of becoming a pilot. However, financial constraints prevented him from pursuing a formal education in aeronautics. Undeterred, Kalam enrolled at St. Joseph’s College in Tiruchirapalli, where he pursued a degree in physics.

Scholarship and Pursuit of Aerospace Engineering

His dedication and hard work earned him a scholarship, easing the financial burden on his family. After completing his bachelor’s degree, Kalam moved to Madras (now Chennai) to study aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT). This marked the beginning of his journey into the world of aeronautics and space research.

Mentorship by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai

At MIT, Kalam was mentored by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist and visionary who played a pivotal role in shaping Kalam’s career. Kalam’s association with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) laid the foundation for his contributions to India’s space and defence capabilities.

The Missile Man of India

Kalam became an integral part of India’s space program, making significant strides in the development of ballistic missile technology. His pivotal role in the successful development of the Agni and Prithvi missiles earned him the title “Missile Man of India.”

Pokhran-II and India’s Nuclear Capability

The Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, which catapulted India into the league of nuclear-armed nations, showcased Kalam’s leadership and technical acumen. Despite facing international criticism, Kalam remained steadfast in his commitment to India’s security and technological advancement.

Beyond Science: Kalam’s Leadership Style

Beyond his technical expertise, Kalam was known for his inspirational leadership style and his ability to connect with people from all walks of life. He often emphasized the importance of education and believed in the transformative power of knowledge. Throughout his career, Kalam remained dedicated to nurturing young minds and encouraging them to pursue careers in science and technology.

Presidential Journey: People’s President

In 2002, Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India, succeeding K.R. Narayanan. His presidency, from 2002 to 2007, was marked by a deep sense of humility and a focus on addressing the concerns of the common people.

Connecting with the Masses

As President, Kalam endeared himself to the nation with his approachable demeanour and efforts to make the Rashtrapati Bhavan more accessible to the public. He often interacted with students and young people, urging them to dream big and work hard to achieve their goals.

Legacy and Post-Presidential Contributions

Post his presidency, Kalam continued to be an influential figure in Indian public life. He remained active in promoting education, particularly in the fields of science and technology. Kalam believed that education was the key to unlocking the potential of individuals and nations.

Literary Contributions: Wings of Fire

Apart from his contributions to science and education, Kalam was an avid writer and poet. He authored several books, including his autobiography “Wings of Fire,” which chronicles his life and experiences.

A Sudden Loss: Remembering Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Tragically, on July 27, 2015, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam passed away while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. His sudden demise was a profound loss for the nation, and his legacy continues to inspire generations of Indians.

Inspirational and Thought-provoking Quotes

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was known for his inspirational and thought-provoking quotes. Here are some of his famous lines:

“Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.”
“If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun.”
“You have to dream before your dreams can come true.”
“My message, especially to young people is to have courage to think differently, courage to invent, to travel the unexplored path, courage to discover the impossible and to conquer the problems and succeed. These are great qualities that they must work towards.”
“Learning gives creativity, creativity leads to thinking, thinking provides knowledge, and knowledge makes you great.”
“All of us do not have equal talent. But, all of us have an equal opportunity to develop our talents.”
“Great dreams of great dreamers are always transcended.”
“Man needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the success.”
“The best brains of the nation may be found on the last benches of the classroom.”
“Excellence is a continuous process, and not an accident.”
“Don’t take rest after your first victory because if you fail in the second, more lips are waiting to say that your first victory was just luck.”
“To succeed in your mission, you must have single-minded devotion to your goal.”
“If a country is to be corruption-free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother, and the teacher.”
“Look at the sky. We are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work.”
“Be more dedicated to making solid achievements than in running after swift but synthetic happiness.”

These quotes reflect Dr. Kalam’s wisdom, positive outlook, and his emphasis on the power of dreams, education, and perseverance. His words continue to inspire people around the world.

Conclusion: A Lasting Legacy

In conclusion, APJ Abdul Kalam’s life is a remarkable saga of resilience, intellect, and unwavering dedication to the service of the nation. From a humble beginning in Rameswaram to the hallowed halls of Rashtrapati Bhavan, Kalam’s journey exemplifies the limitless possibilities that arise from a combination of education, determination, and a commitment to excellence. His legacy lives on in the annals of India’s scientific achievements and the hearts of millions who continue to draw inspiration from the People’s President and the Missile Man of India.

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Apj abdul kalam essay | biography | 800+ words.

APJ Abdul Kalam

Avul Plair Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, also known as Missile man of India. He was the 11th President of India and also an Aerospace scientist. He served 5 years as a president in India (2002-2007). He played a huge role in developing India's nuclear and missile programs. here we have shared Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Essay for kids in english.

Childhood of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

APJ Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October in 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu. He was born in a Tamil Muslim family. Abdul Kalam was the youngest of five siblings. Kalam always helped his family from an early age. He was very interested in the study from his childhood, mainly in mathematics. From school days Kalam was described as one of the bright and hardworking students.

Abdul's father's name was Jainulabdeen and he was the owner of a boat in a local mosque. His mother's name was Ashiamma and she was a housewife. Abdul had four more siblings and he is the youngest among five of them. Their names are Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar, Mustafa Kalam, Kasim Mohammed and a sister named Asim Zohra.

His ancestors had a lot of wealth and a lot of properties. His family was used to be mainly a common trader between the mainland of Srilanka to other islands such as Pamban Island. So the title Mara Kalam Iyakkivar and Marakier was given to his family. But the time near 1920 his family business was failed and they lost most of the wealth. By the time Abdul Kalam was born their family was in a very bad state.

Education and Struggles

Kalam was very serious and hardworking in his study life, He had learning desire in him as described by his school teachers. He pursued his matriculation form a higher secondary school in Ramanathapuram named Schwartz Higher Secondary School. In the year of 1955, he became a physics graduate from Saint Joseph's College in Tiruchirappalli. After that, he went to Madras for further study, from Madras Institute of Technology he did his aerospace engineering.

His dream of becoming a fighter pilot cold not fulfilled as there were only eight positions available in IAF and he came at the ninth place. After graduation, he became a member of the Defence Research and Development Service and joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment as a scientist.

Failures and Success of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Kalam did a lot for our country whether as a president or a scientist. When he was a part of the INCOSPAR committee, He has worked under the space scientist named Vikram Sarabhai. In 1969 Kalam was transferred to ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization). The project Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which was the country's one of the important project was led by Abdul Kalam,

He was the head of the project. Rohini satellite was launched by SLV-III successfully near-earth orbit under Kalam's leadership in July 1980. Project Valiant and Project Devil in 1970 were not successful but Project Devil played a huge role in the foundation of Prithvi Missile in 1980. He became the lead in the Integrated Guided Missile Development program (IGMDP) for which he had to become the chief of DRDO in 1983. Prithvi and Agni were developed by him under this mission.

He achieved one of the biggest successes in his life in May 1998, In Pokhran-II nuclear tests by India, he played an important role and lead the team. He became a national hero after the success of the tests and his popularity increased.

NDA (National Democratic Alliance) chose Kalam as the presidential nominee of India in 2002 and later he became the President. He served 5 years as president till 25th July 2007, he became the 11th president of India. During his time of president, he had a different work style and a very good connection with people, especially youth.

That's why he was called "The people's President". According to the man himself, signing the "Office of Profit Bill" was the most difficult job in his tenure. He had to face many criticisms for some decisions he made.

He came into controversy when he recommended the president's rule in Bihar. Another time he faced criticism when he did not take any action on mercy petitions, he only signed 1 of 21 mercy petitions.

Abdul Kalam became a visiting professor after the time end of his presidential era. He became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmadabad, Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Indore, Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Shillong. At Anna University he becomes a professor of Aerospace Engineering also he taught information technology.

He served many years in the Indian Institute of Information technology (IISc) both Bangalore and Thiruvananthapuram. He also taught Information technology at the "International Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Hyderabad and Bananas Hindu University.

He shared his knowledge in many other academic instate all over India. A program was launched for youth by Kalam to defeat corruption and bring efficiency which was named "What Can I Give Movement" in 2012.

Awards and Achievements

Kalam was awarded many awards in his whole lifetime. In the year 1981, he was awarded "Padma Bhusan" which is the third-highest civilian reward in the Republic of India. Then in 1990, He was awarded Padma Vivushan which is the second-highest civilian reward in the Republic of India.

In the year 1997 government of India awarded Abdul Kalam the "Bharat Ratna" which is a highest civilian award of the Republic of India and also in the same year he got awarded the "Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration" by "Indian National Congress" which is given after the name of former president Indira Gandhi. Following the next year in 1998, he won the "Veer Savarkar Award".

Then in the year 2000, he won the award "Ramanujan Award" by SASTRA (Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy). He won the British award "King Charles II Medal" in the year 2007, for the contribution to scientific advances in India. In the year 2009 he was awarded the "Hoover Medal", it is an American prize given to outstanding persons with extra-career services. APJ Abdul Kalam Essay is incomplete without sharing his great achievements. Remember to include this while you are writing an essay on APJ Abdul Kalam.

APJ Abdul Kalam Eassay

Here are the quotes that you can include in your APJ Abdul Kalam Essay:

In his extraordinary time of life, he left some quotes that can motivate everyone from child to elderly person. Here are some famous inspirational quotes from him.

1. Let us sacrifice our today so that our children can have a better tomorrow.

2. Science is a beautiful gift to humanity, we should not distort it.

3. Look at the sky, we are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work.

4. The purpose of education is to make good human beings with skill and expertise. Enlightened human beings can be created by teachers.

5. Climbing to the top demands strength, whether it is to the top of Mount Everest or the top of your career.

6. You have to dream before your dreams can come true.

7. If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun.

8. Teaching is a very noble profession that shapes the character, caliber, and the future of an individual. If people remember me as a good teacher, that will be the biggest honor for me.

9. We should not give up and we should not allow the problem to defeat us.

10. Never stop fighting until you arrive at your destined place that is, the unique you. Have an aim in life, continuously acquire knowledge, work hard, and have the perseverance to realize a great life.

APJ Abdul Kalam was known for many of the great astonishment in his life. He was known as the missile man of India because in the Pokhran II nuclear tests he was the lead architect and the brain behind it. He was known as the 11th president of India. He was also known for the work he did on the development of ballistic and other missiles. He was famous for his connection with the young generations.

Contribution to India

From scientific contribution to president contribution, he has done many great things for India. In his lead India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle was made. Dr. Kalam was the director when Project Devil and Project Valiant were developed though it was not successful it gave us Agni and Prithvi tow of the missile developed by the lead of Kalam.

He was the brain behind the Pokhran II nuclear test, for which India now is a nuclear weapon state. The rugged tablet computer was made for workers in the rural area for medical emergencies by Kalam in 2012. He and his team develop lightweight orthosis calipers to make walking less painful for kids.

Books Written by him and dedicated to him

He wrote many books in his lifetime some of the famous ones are, Agni ki Udaan (1999), India 2020 (1998), Ignited Minds (2002), Naa Jeevana Gamanam (2013), Turning Points: A journey through challenges (2012), Indominate Spirit (2006), You Are Born To Blossom (2008). You can include these in your APJ Abdul Kalam Essay and some other writers dedicated to some books on him such as APJ Abdul Kalam written by Arun Tiwari, Advantage of India written by Srijan Pal Singh.

APJ Abdul Kalam was a very kind-hearted person who did countless things for India selflessly. He is the reason that we are a nuclear state today. He not only became president and did a lot of good for India but in the history of the missile he has an extreme contribution. We have everything that you need to write a great APJ Abdul Kalam Essay.

Jainulabiddin Marakayar

His father has a huge influence on him. From his father, he learned self-respect and discipline.

APJ Abdul Kalam's childhood was secure since he grew up with loving and caring parents who provided love, direction, and care for their children's emotional and physical needs. They provided all of their children's needs, whether it was food, medicine, or clothing.

Read More: How To Write An Essay? The Complete Guide To Effective Essay Writing!

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Apr 19, 2024

10 quotes by APJ Abdul Kalam that will inspire you to achieve more in life

Dr apj abdul kalam.

Former President of India Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, who was also fondly called the "Missile Man of India," was an inspiration for many people. Remembering him, here we list down some of his inspiring quotes.

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On having faith in the Universe

"Look at the sky. We are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work." - APJ Abdul Kalam

On hardwork

"If you want to shine like a sun, first burn like a sun." - APJ Abdul Kalam

On being focused on your goals

"To succeed in your mission, you must have single-minded devotion to your goal." - APJ Abdul Kalam

On faith and hard work

"Climbing to the top demands strength, whether it is to the top of Mount Everest or to the top of your career." - APJ Abdul Kalam

On the secret to success

“To succeed in life and achieve results, you must understand and master three mighty forces— desire, belief, and expectation." ― A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Wings of Fire

On learning from failures

“If you fail, never give up because FAIL means “First Attempt In Learning.”- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

On working on your dreams

“Be active! Take on responsibility! Work for the things you believe in. If you do not, you are surrendering your fate to others.”- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

On making your dreams into reality

“You cannot change your future, but you can change your habits, and surely your habits will change your future.”- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

On persisting till your goal is achieved

“A big shot is a little shot who keeps on shooting, so keep trying.”- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

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11 Poems written by ‘Missile Man’APJ Abdul Kalam

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Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, former president of India, was an inspiring leader and motivational speaker. In July 2015 he collapsed while delivering a lecture and passed away on July 27. However, his words remain relevant even to this day and continue to guide and motivate us.

Here are a few best-known poems written by him. In memory of Missile Man of India,

Our mission is water

My mother called me Blue Nile I am also named by mother White Nile When we grew and grew we asked Oh mother, Oh mother Tell us, why did you name us Nile Our mothers said lovingly Oh our children You travel and travel Cross mountains, forests and valleys Thousands of miles, enriching nine countries you reach Khartoum you Blue and White Niles confluence with a mission God has commanded you to give a message you give a beautiful message When we rivers confluence Oh humanity why not your hearts confluence And you blossom with happiness.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Prayer for departed children of Kumbakonam

Oh dear little ones! Oh dear little ones! For you, parents had glorious dreams ! And you were all immersed in your own dreams Yet, Agni engulfed you and all of those dreams Taking you to Almighty’s divine presence Usually, departed old parents are buried by sons Whereas, Kumbakonam, saw a sad scene! Crying parents burying their little ones!! Oh Almighty! show Your grace on those little ones And keep them all in Thy Holiest Presence!! Oh Almighty! bless those parents wilting in grief To have the strength to bear this great loss May Thy compassion and grace pervade all souls And bring down the pain and wipe away the tears Oh Almighty! show Your grace on those little ones.

My dear Soldiers

Oh! Defenders of borders You are great sons of my land When we are all asleep You still hold on to your deed Windy season or snowy days Or scorching sun’s sweltering rays You are there guarding all the time awake Treading the lonely expanses as yogis Climbing the heights or striding the valleys Defending the deserts or guarding the marshes Surveillance in seas and by securing the air Prime of your youth given to the nation!! Wind chimes of my land vibrate your feat We pray for you brave men!! May the Lord bless you all!!

Rakhi Day is Righteous Day

This full moon day our hearts are in brim Feeling of faith and serenity in mind. We light the lamps and our hears glow Radiance of happiness and peace are in flow. Harmonious homes are like streams of joy Flowing and flourishing the landscape en route. Nobility in heart and character in deed Righteous homes alone make a beautiful State. Sisters will tie the thread on the brothers Abiding them to do only what is right and clean. Put the Kumkum and blessed rice on the head Where will dwell right thoughts and noble action.

Guru Prakasham

Many many years ago our Gurus lit the lamp And the Prakasham was born carrying power of the soul This light of truth on the lands of five rivers It orbited and orbited around the sun Along with the earth that carried it as sindhur This earthly Prakasham is so powerful Of human’s universal message of one God Four hundred orbits gone in no time The great Prakasham has even out-glowed the Sun As it orbits all around the sun, even sun bows in enhanced reverence And salutes the earth, for all that it carries The Greatest Prakasham of Guru Granth Sahib

Soaring Dream

Fabulous air show of Paris in motion My thought too in flight and yearns for my Nation When will the planes designed in my land Pierce the sky as lightening in action And gracefully land as angels in full boom All to the envy of spellbound spectators Yes we can !! When we are united in action and addicted to deeds Sky can’t be limit for my nation in action !!

I climbed and climbed Where is the peak, my Lord? I ploughed and ploughed, Where is the knowledge treasure, my Lord? I sailed and sailed, Where is the island of peace, my Lord? Almighty, bless my nation With vision and sweat resulting into happiness

I am the Indian Ocean

Surge of my waves and their mystical themes Embracing Bombay and Dar-es in hold We all belong to the cradle of earth Same human civilization pervades us all Generations of life in these lands were like waves Rising and falling and melting in time baobabs and Banyans stood witness to these cycles Bondage of slavery and foreigners yoke Are gone with the past and power now to people Gandhiji and Nyerere’s nobility and soul strength Got thy the freedom, and now you have a mission Enlightened youths, now you have to sweat For making thy people prosperous and happy For ye are the greatest hope, for this part of globe

Some build rock walls all their lives, When they die miles of walls divide them. Others build rock walls, one rock on another, And: then build a terrace, where they pray for love.

Yet others build walls to enclose orchards, Endeavouring to find ways to fulfill hunger. A few others build rock walls – to make a home, It is their mission to serve humanity and nature.

I build no walls, to confirm to joy or sorrow; To sacrifice or achieve, or to gain or lose, I just grow flowers on all open spaces, And float lilies on ponds and rivers.

I keep planting trees, for birds to have nests, At the dawn of the sun, when morning breeze blow. Sun light get filtered through shining tree leaves, Birds’ flight gives me sense of freedom and pleasure.

Scattered light of colour and treasure, Fragrance of flowers gives me delight of creator. Lilies floating over like nature’s dance, Why should I build walls to confine them all?

I have no house, only open spaces, Filled with truth, kindness and dreams. Desire to see my country developed and great, Dreams to see everywhere happiness and peace.

Where are we?

Where are we now, dear friends, In the Maha Sabha that shapes as history, The call of heart beats of Indian people, People ask us, people ask us; “Oh! Parliamentarians, the sculptors of Mother India, Lead us unto light, enrich our lives. Your righteous toil, is our guiding light, If you work hard, we all can prosper.” Like King, so the people, Nurture great thoughts, rise up in actions, May righteous methods be your guide; May you all prosper ever with Almighty’s grace.

Radiating message from Sree Siddaganga Maths

You, in front of you, see a sage. Wearing beautiful spiritual blessings, the sage. Everyday, Almighty has given this sage, A precious diamond of life. The sage, strung over thirty six thousand, Diamonds into a priceless garland of Tapasvi life, With the message to humanity: “O my fellow citizens, In giving, you receive happiness, In Body and Soul. You have everything to give. If you have knowledge, share it. If you have resources, share it with the needy. Use your mind and heart, To remove the pain of the suffering, And, cheer the sad hearts. In giving, you receive happiness. Almighty will bless all your actions.”

When Dr Abdul Kalam was asked a question, “how he would like to be remembered?”, he gently smiled and said, I am a teacher first and everything else next. He was the only president who have visited schools to talk to students and engage with them. On the occasion of his birthday, we are sharing the poems he has written. May his soul rest in peace.

It is a known fact that Dr APJ Abdul Kalam was a People’s President. He was asked to take the presidential position after Prathiba Patil, but he refused. In your opinion, how would India transform if he was elected as president for the second time?

We’ve created this content for informational purposes only, and it reflects the views of its respective authors/entities (freelancers/interns) and not those of Winspire Magazine. Winspire Magazine does not endorse or vouch for the accuracy of the information provided in this content. It is the reader’s responsibility to verify and ensure the information is correct and up-to-date. Winspire Magazine disclaims any liability or responsibility for any damages or losses from using this content. Therefore, readers should take all necessary steps to verify the accuracy and reliability of any information presented in this content.

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A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (born October 15, 1931, Rameswaram, India—died July 27, 2015, Shillong) was an Indian scientist and politician who played a leading role in the development of India's missile and nuclear weapons programs. He was president of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam earned a degree in aeronautical engineering from the Madras ...
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam BR (/ ˈ ɑː b d əl k ə ˈ l ɑː m / ⓘ; 15 October 1931 - 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering.He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator ...
Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography
A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - About His Family and Struggle Life. Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam was born to a poor Tamil Muslim family. He lived with his family in the temple city of Tamilnadu, Rameswaram, where his father, Jainulabdeen, had a boat and was an imam of a local mosque. At the same time, his mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife.
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, better known as APJ Abdul Kalam, was an illustrious scientist turned statesman who served as the 11 th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam spent more than forty years as a science administrator and scientist mainly at the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and Defence Research and the ...
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Inventions, Achievements, Death Date, Quotes
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born on October 15, 1931, raised in Rameswaram ...
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Biography, Scientist, President of India
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and politician who served his country as president from 2002 to 2007. By Biography.com Editors Published: Nov 28, 2023 Hindustan Times // Getty Images
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography
by Manjusha · December 24, 2016. APJ Abdul Kalam. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born October 15, 1931, Tamil Nadu) was the eleventh President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007. A notable scientist and engineer, he is often referred to as the Missile Man of India. He is considered a progressive mentor, innovator and visionary in India.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Facts for Kids
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (i / ˈ ɑː b d əl k ə ˈ l ɑː m /; 15 October 1931 - 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering.He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly ...
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DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. Born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology. Dr. Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully ...
DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam - Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam BR 15 October 1931 - 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering. He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly at the ...
Write a short biography of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam under the ...
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam (Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam) was born on 15th October 1931 in the temple town of Rameswaram, located in Tamil Nadu. He was born to a very poor Tamil Muslim family. His father was a boatman, and an imam in a local mosque, and his mother was a housewife.
The Incredible Journey of the Amazing Abdul Kalam
The Incredible Journey of the Amazing Abdul Kalam. Team StoryWeavers | October 15, 2022, 11:40 IST | 9. "Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.". — APJ Abdul Kalam. A young boy from Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu, who sold newspapers to support his family, often looked up at the sky on his route and ...
Biography of APJ Abdul Kalam
Personal Life of APJ. Abdul Kalam. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in Tamil Nadu, India as the second child to an Indian Muslim family. He had two siblings and both of them were born before him: his elder sister Smt. Kamala Kaul (1927—) who was also an educationist and a politician; and his younger brother Moulana Ashraf Ali ...
APJ Abdul Kalam: Biography, History, Role and Early Life
APJ Abdul Kalam's early life was steeped in humble beginnings and shaped by values instilled in him by his parents. Born into a modest Tamil Muslim family on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, a small town in Tamil Nadu, India, Kalam was the youngest of five siblings. Jainulabdeen, his father, owned a boat and was a local mosque's imam.
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography
Abdul Pakir Jainulabudeen Abdul Kalam, born on 15th October 1931 and later known as APJ Abdul Kalam was the son of a boat owner who ferried Hindu pilgrims from the Rameshwaram Temple in Tamil Nadu. His father was also an imam at the local mosque and his mother was a housewife. Little did they know that their son would one day become the first ...
APJ Abdul Kalam History: Background, Awards and Honours
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, former President of India was born on 15th October 1931 in Rameshwaram. He was a scientist, writer and recipient of many awards & honours. Know more APJ Abdul Kalam and his achievements in this article. Get other relevant events on the same date in history for IAS Exam. For UPSC 2023, follow BYJU'S.
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Inventions, Achievements, Death ...
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was the eleventh President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007. He was born on May 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied physics as well as aeronautical engineering.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Biography For Students
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam — Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born 15 October 1931 - died 27 July 2015) is an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, studied physics at the St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, and aerospace ...
APJ Abdul Kalam Biography
APJ Abdul Kalam: PSLV and ISRO. In 1982, Dr. Kalam took over as the Director of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). During his tenure, ISRO launched its first satellite, Rohini, into space, which was a significant milestone in India's space program. He played a pivotal role in the development of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), which became India's workhorse for ...
Biography Of APJ Abdul Kalam
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam: A Humble Beginning. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, popularly known as APJ Abdul Kalam, was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, a small town in Tamil Nadu, India. His early life was marked by simplicity, humility, and a deep sense of spirituality.
Most Powerful Biography of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam
Watch The Most Powerful and Most Detailed Video On Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.APJ (Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen) Abdul Kalam was 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007...
APJ Abdul Kalam Essay
APJ Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October in 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu. He was born in a Tamil Muslim family. Abdul Kalam was the youngest of five siblings. Kalam always helped his family from an early age. He was very interested in the study from his childhood, mainly in mathematics.
10 quotes by APJ Abdul Kalam that will inspire you to achieve more in
Former President of India Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, who was also fondly called the Missile Man of India, was an inspiration for many people. Remembering him, here we list down some of his inspiring quotes.
11 Poems written by 'Missile Man'APJ Abdul Kalam
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. When Dr Abdul Kalam was asked a question, "how he would like to be remembered?", he gently smiled and said, I am a teacher first and everything else next. He was the only president who have visited schools to talk to students and engage with them. On the occasion of his birthday, we are sharing the poems he has written.
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8 likes, 0 comments - thakur.coaching.class on April 16, 2024: "Great motivational speech by apj abdul kalam sir video #reels#thakurcoachingclass".

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