essay on mother india

Mother India: A Representation of the Whole Country Essay (Movie Review)

Cinema is a critically important sort of art that affects millions of people around the globe and shows a particular idea. At the same time, like any other act of creation, it is impacted by the culture as it serves as its embodiment, representing unique phenomena, customers, traditions, and events meaningful for a nation. The movie Mother India can be considered the film that represents the whole country in a particular period of its evolution, which makes it an essential piece of art that embodies problems, hopes, and views of different groups of people. That is why Mother India is not just a story about a family; however, it is the representation of the whole country.

The whole plot revolves around a common Indian woman Radha who has no money and has to work hard to earn her living and ensure that her children will survive. Deceived by a moneylender, she has to pay a quarter of her crops ( Mother India ). Moreover, her husband leaves her, and she remains alone with her children. However, the given tragic story severs as the background to demonstrate more important ideas and problems that affected the country at that period of time.

Radha is not just a tragic hero who has to struggle with difficulties and overcome them. However, she can also be taken as a symbolic representation of a Hindu woman with strong moral values, hardworking nature, and readiness for self-sacrifice. She does not have any chance for the improvement of her living conditions; however, she continues to work as it is the only way to survive in a world that is hostile to her. From another hand, Radha can also be viewed as India, the country that has just acquired independence and has to struggle to survive. It is deceived by authorities and suffers from financial difficulties, lack of understanding of how to move and evolve, but keeps moving forward and striving to ensure that its children will survive. From this perspective, Radha also represents a sense of nationalism and nation-building.

The majority of scenes in the movie are set in ways that increase the significance of the main message. For instance, the first seconds of the film depicts an older woman holding a piece of earth in her hands ( Mother India ). It conveys a symbolic meaning of Indian people bonded to their land and mourning about its destiny. Another distinct feature of the movie is the use of close-ups to show tired faces and suffering as the central feature of people living at that time. The use of these devices contributes to the creation of a specific visual image of the movie that emphasizes its meaning.

The importance of the movie for the nation and its significant contribution to the development of culture can also be explained by the fact that it represents problems that have always been topical for India. Poverty, hard job, poor living conditions, and social stereotypes affect the main characters and complicate their lives. Mother India is an epic melodrama, or according to Rajadhyaksha, a unique “mode of cultural production/assimilation” (59). It means that the movie’s structure and main motifs are preconditioned by the peculiarities of the nation, and, at the same time, its significance is also explained by these very peculiarities.

Altogether, the movie Mother India can be considered a symbolic representation of problems a young independent state faces at its first steps. It contains multiple symbols and allusions that help viewers to understand hidden messages and sympathize with the main characters. For instance, Rajadhyaksha states that Radha’s struggle against a money-lender is the embodiment of capitalism and its negative impact on the whole nation (63). The film makes individuals think about the hard life of people living in the country and about the state in general because the main characters are the archetypical figures that have qualities peculiar to the whole nation and face the same problems. From this perspective, Mother India is a unique film that familiarizes viewers with the culture and issues of Indian people.

Works Cited

Mother India . Directed by Mehboob Khan, performance by Nargis, Sunil Dutt, Mehboob Productions, 1957.

Rajadhyaksha, Ashish. “The Epic Melodrama: Themes of Nationality in Indian Cinema.” Journal of Arts & Ideas, no. 25–26, 1993, pp. 55–70.

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My Motherland Essay

India my motherland essay in english for kids.

Given here is India My Motherland Essay in English, which will help kids understand how they can frame a simple my motherland paragraph. Often kids are asked to write an essay on our motherland India. This essay will assist them in framing such an essay.

India is our motherland. With a population of over 1.3 billion people, India stands as the second-most populous country in the world. You can also download this amazing my motherland paragraph in a colourful PDF format, through the link provided below.

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India is my motherland. India is the seventh-largest country by land area in the world. It is also the largest democracy in the world.
It has astounding geography comprising mountains, rivers, hills, oceans, plateaus, lakes, plains, islands, etc.
Our motherland India has numerous rivers such as Ganga, Brahmaputra, Indus, Narmada, Yamuna, Godavari, Kaveri, Mahanadi, etc.
With more than 1.3 billion people, India is the second-most populous country in the world.
India is a peninsula as it is surrounded by water bodies on three sides- the Indian Ocean in the south, the Bay of Bengal in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west.
India was considered to be the learning centre of the world. Two of the most famous universities of the ancient world, Nalanda and Takshshila (Taxila), were in India. Nalanda is also considered to be the first university established in the world.
Our motherland has produced some of the greatest mathematicians of all times- Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Bhaskara and Shakuntala Devi among others.
Jana Gana Mana, written by Rabindranath Tagore is the national anthem and Vande Mataram, composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee is the national song of India.
The northernmost part of India is mostly covered with mountains. The famous Himalayas are the origins of various rivers of India. The Himalayan range also saves our country from cool and withered winds of Central Asia.
According to the GlobalFirepower report 2020, Indian Armed Forces is ranked the fourth most powerful military. The Indian Armed Forces comprise the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force.

The given topic India My Motherland essay in English is a frequently asked essay topic in the primary classes. You can also refer to other common topics on essays for children .

Essay writing improves the linguistic prowess of students of all ages. It motivates them to write down their thoughts and feelings about that topic. It is a mental exercise that charges up their brain and bestows them with higher levels of creativity in the long run.

When kids write an essay on our motherland India, they get to open up their views and thoughts about India. This offers them a chance to explore their creativity, writing prowess and frame an impressive my motherland paragraph.

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Mother India (Film) – Story & Analysis

Story: .

Set in rural India in the years surrounding India’s independence (1947), Mother India tells the story of Radha, a poor, illiterate villager who struggles to care for her family. Radha’s husband Shyamu is forced to pawn the gold bangles which come in her dowry (known as stree dhan or the woman’s wealth), their land, their cows and ancestral brassware to pay their usurious debt to the village moneylender Sukhi Lala. Floods strike, destroying Radha’s home and killing two of her four children. Seeing an opportunity, Sukhi Lala offers Radha money in exchange for sexual favours after Shyamu abandons her. Refusing to relent, Radha raises her two surviving children single-handedly. Her enormous strength and willpower enable her to succeed where Shyamu fails. Radha’s accomplishments earn her the title of the mother of the entire village, which becomes a symbol for the nation as a whole: hence the iconic title Mother India.

Mother India was a remake of Mehboob’s own hit talkie Aurat (Woman, 1939), inspired by the Hollywood film The Good Earth (1937). Aurat’s success helped Mehboob to set up his own studio, which featured a hammer and a sickle in its logo.1 Although it is often taken to be a sign of communist propaganda, Mehboob’s use of the hammer and sickle is better understood as a strong evocation of his humble origins as a farmer and his love of peasant life.2 Aurat was one of the earliest talkies to be set in rural India. While Aurat is a gritty tale of female suffering and sacrifice that ends in the death of a heartbroken mother, Mehboob elevates Mother India to a national scale by drawing on the twin experiences of independence and partition. This is evident not only from the change in the title but also in various stylistic augmentations, made possible by the then new technology of Gevacolor.3 Mehboob and his cameraman Faredoon Irani shot on location using synch sound in his native Gujarat, bringing a heightened, spectacular realism that was new to Bombay cinema. The new version included actual footage from a flood which was matched with carefully constructed studio shots.

Mother India combines a striking use of red earth tones with sensational scenes of rural festivity, deploying them to create a glamorous family drama that unfolds in the unlikely setting of the village. The film opens with Soviet-style imagery of tractors that till a verdant, thriving land set against the backdrop of a newly constructed dam. Asked to inaugurate the dam, an old Radha, seen in extreme close-up, shakes her severely lined, worn face in disbelief. Contemporary audiences would have immediately recognised the tractor and dam as potent signifiers of the Nehruvian ideal of socialist progress. As villagers urge her to perform the prestigious task, memories of Radha’s traumatic past break through the dam’s floodgates. This provocative segue sets up a point of view that is distinctly marked as one that belongs to Radha, leading to a flashback that reveals a competing, untold story. We then see Radha as a young, stunningly beautiful bride who unselfishly removes her bridal finery to throw herself into the task of nurturing her home. The paying off of the debt tells only one part of this story. Shyamu loses both his arms (and his masculinity) in a horrific accident that reduces him into another mouth to be fed. Radha is harassed by Sukhi Lala at every opportunity; in a significant downturn, her younger son Birju betrays her trust by turning into a ganja (marijuana)-smoking bandit. As if this is not enough, Birju kidnaps Sukhi Lala’s daughter Rupa from her wedding altar. Although Birju is driven by a desire to avenge his mother’s mistreatment, in doing so he jeopardises Radha’s painstakingly earned goodwill and izzat, a word that connotes chastity as well as respectability. Radha implores Birju to give Rupa up and not harm her izzat: by now, izzat encompasses the chastity and respectability of both women. When Birju refuses, Radha threatens to kill him, a move that signifies her greater commitment to the village. In a shocking and unprecedented move, Radha shoots her beloved son in one single, spectacularly fatal shot. No other Indian film has portrayed motherhood so graphically, showing Radha’s awesome beauty at one moment while telescoping her brutal loss in the other.

The fall-out between son and mother embodies all the key struggles that structure Mother India: money against honour, debt against self-reliance, subjugation versus independence, individual identity against the collective Good, traditional family loyalty against the modern State, and finally, male inadequacy against female power. While Mother India begs to be considered as an Oedipal drama, it also disrupts any straightforward Freudian reading by depicting a son who, within the world of the film, cannot have the mother: instead, the mother kills the son. Radha herself embodies an intense maternal love that turns against itself in the explosive climax.

Indeed, Mother India’s universe is one that threatens to fall apart constantly. Its polarisation of personal love and national commitment is extreme. The two can be reconciled only in the affective realm of the personal but not in the material, social world of the film. Only Birju’s spectacular death can leave his memory intact. The event allows Mother India to register the volatility of a transformation that turns the nostalgic, idyllic space of the village into a unit reorganised along the lines of a modern nation state that provides partial and insufficient justice. Equally, the film also celebrates Radha’s herculean effort in a haunting frame that depicts a human map of undivided India against the lush, lyrical background of fields swelling with grain; a shot that wishfully erases painful memories of the Partition. This shot is followed by an iconic tableau that rejoices in a Christ-like Radha, harnessed to a plough that eventually becomes her cross as she heaves herself unknowingly into a traumatic future.

Scenes like this translate the trauma of colonialism and Partition into a recognizable psychic register organised according to love between mother and son who are sundered apart. So profound was Mother India’s dramatic impact that it may well be characterised as the mother of melodrama in Bombay cinema. Central here is the problem of allegiance to the new nation, which demands a rapid overhaul of older loyalties, forms of kinship and their attendant moral values: Birju sacrifices his life for his mother’s honour while Radha sacrifices Birju for the future of her land. Radha’s torn state of mind is illustrated in a key sequence that occurs during Holi, a festival that celebrates the spring harvest. Sukhi Lala’s daughter Rupa dances seductively at the festival, wearing Radha’s bangles to seduce Birju. The audience knows that Sukhi Lala has wrongfully appropriated jewellery from Radha’s dowry. Thus Rupa’s expression of sexual desire is perverse and sadistic; moreover, she berates Birju for coveting the bangles instead of her. Incensed, Birju tries to yank his mother’s bangles from Rupa’s wrists. Afraid of Birju’s intensifying rebellion, Sukhi Lala accuses him of molesting his daughter. This sets off an angry mob, which ties Birju to a stake and smokes him out of haystacks when he tries to hide, injuring him with a bullet. Red hues from Birju’s blood, Radha’s sari and the rising flames bleed into each other in quick swish pans that evoke a sense of hysteria and panic. This is a make or break moment of truth: Radha must choose between love for her son or uphold her respect and duty toward the land. Colour orchestrates the effects that express Radha’s abiding love for Birju while her chilling screams reverberate across a land from which she is suddenly alienated. Memories of this impossible choice pervade the concluding sequence, where blood washes across the scene as Radha reluctantly unlocks the dam’s floodgates, releasing red water. Blood ties finally triumph over the memory of Radha’s public quelling of Birju, making room for a recollection that at last acknowledges his psychic motivations: he dies in her arms, clutching her blood-soaked bangles. This telling image is superimposed over images of a past that appear heroic to others but are now suffused with recognition of Radha’s colossal sacrifice.

Mother India remains significant for a number of other reasons as well, particularly because it marks a major shift in its lead actress Nargis’s career. In her previous collaborations with co-star and director Raj Kapoor, Nargis often appeared as an urban, seductive heroine. In Mehboob’s Andaz (1949), she appeared as a spoiled, rich city girl. Other examples include Awara (1951) and Shree 420 (1955), which feature variations of an urban star persona epitomised by her short, bobbed hair, westernised attire and frank sexuality. Together, Nargis and Raj Kapoor stood for sexual boldness because of their much-publicised affair. However, Kapoor was already married and apparently refused to marry her.4 Nargis had become so involved with Raj Kapoor that she neglected her original mentor Mehboob until disenchantment with her current relationship with Kapoor pushed her into taking Mother India on. Given this history, Nargis’s portrayal of Radha remained highly sexualised – in another famous sequence, she offers herself to Sukhi Lala in a decision that says ‘anything to feed my hungry children’. Divine intervention helps Radha to find the strength to fight Sukhi Lala but her willingness to risk her reputation pushes the limits of what screen mothers can and cannot do, in a film where female honour is at an absolute premium. What’s more, Nargis would bid a permanent goodbye to Kapoor and soon marry her co-star Sunil Dutt. Ironically, Dutt played Birju in Mother India. In the climactic fire sequence discussed above, rising flames threatened to kill both actors but Dutt saved Nargis in a brave, selfless act that has now become a legendary story about abiding love.5 In his career, though, Dutt was a beginner. His Birju came across as an uncouth, attractive youth with a raw machismo. The performance worked and won the audience over as it responded to Birju’s iconoclastic vigilantism. Nargis was clearly the bigger star here but her marriage to an unknown actor provided even more grist to the gossip mills, adding to Mother India’s wild popularity. Ultimately, Nargis came to be remembered most for her performance as the rustic, fiercely independent Radha and as the wife of Sunil Dutt. Though Mehboob tried to suppress news of the so-called ‘mother-son’ marriage, it spread like wildfire, doing little damage to the film’s success: in Kala Bazaar (The Black Market, 1960), Mother India appears as a film so popular that it launched a thriving black market in Bombay cinemas. In fact, the scandal structured one more melodramatic coup d’état that allowed the son to ‘get’ the mother although she had destroyed him on screen.6

Indeed, Mother India inspired dozens of other films, notably Gunga Jumna (1961) and Deewar (The Wall, 1975).7 The print was carefully guarded to prevent duplication, ensuring that it ran continuously in theatres until the 1980s, a period that saw major transformations in post-independence Bombay cinema. Like Birju, Deewar’s protagonist Vijay dies in a lover-like embrace in his mother’s arms. Politicians like Indira Gandhi drew significantly on Nargis as Mother of the Nation during election campaigns, replacing older iconographies with a cinematically inflected political reappraisal.8 Mother India’s long afterlife offers further testimony of its searing melodramatic intensity. More recently, the fire sequence reappears in Farah Khan’s Om Shanti Om (2007) as an example of a struggling actor’s undying love for the film’s leading female star. Whatever the emphasis, Mother India plays out on a monumental scale that remains unsurpassed in Bombay cinema.

Anupama Kapse

Notes

1. Aurat was produced by National Studios. Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen note that Mehboob started out as an actor in the silent era, gradually working his way up to direct films for some of the most important studios of the late silent and early sound era, including Imperial and Sagar movietone. See Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema, London, British Film Institute, 1999, p. 145.

2. Mehboob explains in an article published in Filmfare, 1957, ‘I took the hammer and sickle as our symbol, because we considered ourselves workers and not just producers, directors and stars. I am not communist’ (quoted in Chatterjee, 2002: 72).

3. The film was shot in Gevacolor and printed in Technicolor. See Chatterjee, 2002: 20–1.

4. For a detailed discussion of Nargis’s preMother India star persona, see Majumdar, 2009: 153–5. See also Thomas, 1989: 23.

5. Sunil Dutt recounts this moment in the documentary Nargis Dutt, dir. Priya Dutt, Films Division, 1992.

6. See Thomas, 1989: 27: ‘the son [finally] “got” the mother’. This marriage shocked viewers because Nargis came from a Muslim family while Dutt was a Hindu. Nargis’s mother was a poet, scriptwriter and filmmaker during the silent era at a time when any association with cinema tarnished the woman’s reputation. Nargis, on the other hand, was brought up in Bombay and had had a privileged, Westernised education. Mehboob persuaded her to star in his Taqdeer/Fate (1943), where she played her first lead role, at the age of 14. Her subsequent affair with Kapoor fuelled speculations about her loose character, which came to be associated with her mother’s disrepute. Her appearance in Mother India and her marriage to Sunil Dutt had a defining effect on Nargis’s final public persona, that of a social activist and champion of India’s social upliftment.

7. Other films that ran continuously for long periods of time include Sholay (1975), Hum Apke Hain Kaun (1992) and Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge (1996).

8. As a newly elected Member of Parliament at the Rajya Sabha, Nargis attacked Satyajit Ray’s Pather Panchali (1955) for catering to Western audiences by foregrounding India’s poverty, rather than its success as a nation. See Parama Roy, Indian Traffic: Identities in Question in Colonial and Postcolonial India, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1988, pp. 168–73; also Thomas, 1989: 29 for an insightful discussion of how Indira Gandhi appropriated captions like ‘Mother India needs you’ in the 1980 electoral campaign.

Cast and Crew:

[Country: India. Production Company: Mehboob Studios. Director: Mehboob Khan. Producer: Mehboob Khan. Dialogue: Wajahat Mirza and S. Ali Raza. Cinematographer: Faredoon Irani. Music: Naushad. Lyrics: Shakeel Badayuni. Editor: Shamsudin Kadri. Dance Director: Chiman Sethi. Costumes: Fazal Din. Cast: Nargis (Radha), Raaj Kumar (Shyamu), Sunil Dutt (Birju), Rajendra Kumar (Ramu), Kanhaiya Lal (Sukhi Lala), Master Sajid (young Birju), Jiloo (mother-in-law), Chanchal (Rupa).]

Essay on India My Motherland

Students are often asked to write an essay on India My Motherland in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on India My Motherland

Introduction.

India, my motherland, is a country filled with diverse cultures, languages, and religions. It is known for its rich history and heritage.

Geographical Diversity

India is blessed with a wide range of geographical features. From the high Himalayan peaks to the coastal plains, every region is unique.

Cultural Richness

India’s cultural richness is visible in its numerous festivals, dance forms, music, and art. Every state has its unique traditions.

Historical Significance

India is home to many historical monuments and sites. These reflect the country’s glorious past and its contributions to civilization.

India, my motherland, is a symbol of unity in diversity. I am proud to be a part of this beautiful country.

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Speech on India My Motherland

250 Words Essay on India My Motherland

India, my motherland, is a country that instills a sense of pride and belonging in my heart. It is a nation that reverberates with diversity, yet stands united, embodying the essence of the phrase “Unity in Diversity”.

Cultural Diversity

India is a kaleidoscope of cultures, languages, and traditions. Each state represents its unique ethnicity, yet harmoniously coexists with others. This cultural diversity is a testament to the inclusive spirit of India, where myriad customs and traditions intermingle, creating a rich tapestry of life.

India’s history is a saga of resilience and evolution. From the ancient Indus Valley Civilization to the Mughal era, and from the British Raj to gaining independence, India’s historical journey is a testament to its indomitable spirit. The historical monuments scattered across the country are silent storytellers of this glorious past.

Economic Progress

India is a rapidly developing economy. Despite challenges, it has made significant strides in various sectors like technology, healthcare, and education. The nation’s youth, brimming with innovative ideas and entrepreneurial spirit, are the driving force behind this growth.

Spiritual Essence

India is the birthplace of spiritual philosophies like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. The spiritual essence of India is not just confined to these religions, but it permeates every aspect of life, offering a unique perspective on the human existence.

In conclusion, India, my motherland, is more than just a geographical entity. It is a vibrant blend of cultures, a historical treasure, a hub of economic activity, and a spiritual sanctuary. It is a nation that continues to inspire and fascinate me with its resilience, diversity, and spirit of unity.

500 Words Essay on India My Motherland

India, often referred to as Bharat, is my motherland, a country that has nurtured me since my birth. Located in South Asia, it is a land of diversity, filled with a myriad of cultures, languages, religions, and traditions. Its rich history and heritage, coupled with its promising future, make it a fascinating place to explore and understand.

Historical Legacy

India’s history is a tapestry woven with threads of diverse civilizations and empires. From the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world’s oldest urban cultures, to the illustrious reign of the Mughals and the British Raj, each era has left an indelible imprint on the country’s cultural and societal fabric. The struggle for independence, led by luminaries like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, has been a source of inspiration for nations worldwide, instilling in us the values of non-violence, tolerance, and democratic ideals.

Cultural Mosaic

India’s cultural richness is its most defining characteristic. With over 2,000 distinct ethnic groups and more than 1,600 spoken languages, it is a melting pot of cultures. Each state, each city, and each village has its unique traditions, festivals, and culinary delights. This cultural diversity is a testament to India’s spirit of unity in diversity, where varied customs and traditions coexist harmoniously.

Economy and Development

India’s economic journey has been remarkable, transitioning from an agrarian economy to a global hub for information technology and services. Despite challenges, India has made significant strides in sectors like space technology, biotechnology, and pharmaceuticals. The ‘Make in India’ initiative, aimed at fostering innovation and enhancing skill development, reflects the country’s ambition to be a global manufacturing hub.

Challenges and the Way Forward

Despite its accomplishments, India grapples with several challenges. Socio-economic disparities, gender inequality, and environmental issues are some of the pressing concerns. However, the country’s youth, constituting a significant demographic dividend, hold the key to addressing these issues. With the right education and opportunities, they can drive India towards a more equitable and sustainable future.

India, my motherland, is more than just a geographical entity. It is a vibrant amalgamation of diverse cultures, traditions, and histories. It is a land that has witnessed the rise and fall of empires, endured hardships, and emerged resilient. It is a country that has taught me the values of unity, tolerance, and respect for diversity. As I look towards the future, I am filled with optimism about the potential that India holds, and I am proud to be a part of its journey towards progress and prosperity.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

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How To Write An Essay On ‘My Motherland’

Notes To Remember When Writing About ‘My Motherland’

10 lines on ‘my motherland’, short essay on ‘my motherland’, essay on ‘my motherland’ in 500 words, what your child learns from this essay.

Motherland is another way of talking about the country where we are born. It is a place where we are free citizens, and from where we derive our cultural identity. Children should learn the importance of their motherland, India, to feel a sense of belonging, and appreciate their roots. Students may be given the topic ‘My Motherland’ for an essay writing assignment. It may be challenging for students of lower primary classes to write such an essay on their own. Let us guide them on how to make a beautiful composition in 10 lines, short paragraphs, and long essays for classes 1, 2 and 3. By studying the writing pattern given here, children will get an idea about how to write their own essay by adding some of their own ideas.

While writing this essay, here is an easy and well-planned method to get started:

Gather your facts and come up with an outline for the essay.
Start with an introduction and end with a concluding line or paragraph.
An essay in 10 lines can include many facts about your country, its culture and heritage, and creative ideas. If you have several facts, make sure you are able to memorise them well.
Long essays can be written with facts, along with elaborate thoughts, that express your love for your motherland.

Essays written as simple lines are the easiest to write. Here is a sample of a 10-line essay for classes 1 and 2 on ‘My Motherland – India’:

India is my country, my homeland and my motherland.
It is where I was born and will always have my roots.
My motherland is an ancient country with a rich cultural heritage over thousands of years.
India is an economically developing country with a large population of young people contributing to its growth.
Besides India, my motherland is known by other names, such as Hindustan, Bharat, and Hind.
It is part of the Asian continent and forms a peninsular at the southern tip of Asia.
My motherland has a large geographical area rich with many rivers, hills, the Arabian sea, the Thar desert, a plateau, and mountain ranges, including the great Himalayas, the Bay of Bengal and the Indian ocean.
India also has lush evergreen forests and mangroves with various flora and fauna.
My motherland is highly respected globally as a growing superpower.
I am proud to be born in my motherland and will strive to contribute to its prosperity.

Writing an essay in a short paragraph is like a stepping stone for longer essays. Practice here makes it easier to write lengthier essays. Here is an essay on ‘My Motherland’ in 100 words:

India is my motherland. It is a large country that is home to more than 1.3 billion people. I, too, call it home as I was born in India and will always have my roots here. I am proud of my motherland. India is a historic country, known by other names such as Hindustan and Bharat. India has an ancient history, starting from the days of the first-ever evidence of civilisation. My motherland has a diverse group of people living in unity and harmony. There are many different languages, cultures, foods and festivals throughout the country. Our culture, traditions and heritage are so rich that they make our motherland respected worldwide. I will forever cherish my motherland and strive to contribute to its progress.

A long essay for class 3 on a topic like this would require students to write with clarity and a good flow. Plan the outline of the essay and think about all the details you want to add. Start with an introduction and add a few concluding sentences:

India is my motherland. It is the country where I was born and brought up. It is where my home is, where the people I love reside, and the place where I have lived with pride.

My motherland has a rich physical heritage like the highest mountain peak and the grand mountain range, the Himalayas. India is also blessed with several water bodies like the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, the Indian ocean and many rivers like the Ganga, Yamuna and Narmada. India has a large number of flora and fauna and lush green forests as part of its ecosystem.

My motherland is the birthplace of some of the oldest civilisations in the world. It has a history that dates back thousands of years, making it a treasure trove of a rich historical past. Today, India is a multi-cultural country of people with diverse cultures, languages, traditions, cuisines and faiths coexisting in harmony. We also have festivals and cultural celebrations all year round that keep the country lively.

India is a magnet for people worldwide because of its cultural richness and spiritual depth. Many people come here to seek spiritual guidance as this is considered a holy land. Tourists also find India fascinating because of the ancient monuments, palaces and other archaeological wonders.

My motherland has an inspiring history. India was under British rule for around 200 years. Our freedom fighters struggled and were successful as India got independence in 1947. Ever since then, we have accomplished much as a developing country. We have the largest democracy in the world and a huge population of talented people. India has made a significant contribution to science and technology. As a spacefaring nation and nuclear power India is also much respected as a mighty country globally.

As a proud citizen of my motherland, I wish to someday achieve the academic pinnacle and serve her with zeal and devotion. I believe the younger generation has much to offer to our country in advancing it as a global power.

This essay on ‘My Motherland’ is designed to teach your child important facts about the country. Using the examples mentioned here, they can formulate their ideas and write on their own. Essay writing is essential for developing thinking and writing skills for children of all ages. In an essay on my motherland, they can articulate their thoughts and feelings about their country and feel patriotic pride.

‘My Motherland’ is an important topic children need to learn to write!

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India Essay

India is the seventh-largest country and most populous democracy in the world. It is located in South Asia and was officially declared as the Republic of India after its independence from British rule. India has unique topographical features – plains of central India, rain forests of the north east, icy cold Himalayan region and dry arid desert in west, among others. The cultural, linguistic and religious diversity of India is as much diverse as its geography.

Indian culture differs from place to place and is a union of several different cultures, spread across the length and breadth of the continent. Although there are 22 Languages imbibed in the Constitution of India, there are more than 1900 dialects or mother tongues are spoken throughout the nation. This huge cultural and linguistic diversity of India is one of its most distinguished features.

Long and Short Essay on India in English

India is one of the famous countries of the world. Every citizen of India must know about it means its history, struggle, culture and other important things.

Students are generally given this topic in their schools to write some paragraphs or full essay in the class tests or main exams.

Here we have given below long and short essay on India, which are well written essay on India to help students under various word limits.

They can select anyone of these India essay according to the words limit:

India Essay 1 (100 words)

India is a famous country all over the world. Geographically, our country is located to the south of Asia continent. India is a high population country and well protected from all directions naturally. It is a famous country for its great cultural and traditional values all across the world. It contains a mountain called Himalaya which is biggest in the world.

It is surrounded by the three big oceans from three directions such as in south with Indian Ocean, in east with Bay of Bengal and in west with Arabic sea. India is a democratic country ranks second for its population. The national language of India is Hindi however almost fourteen nationally recognized languages are spoken here.

India Essay 2 (150 words)

India is a beautiful country and famous all over the world for its unique cultures and traditions. It is famous for its historical heritages and monuments. Citizens here are very polite and understanding in nature. It was a slave country earlier to the 1947 under the British rule.

However, after many years of hard struggles and sacrifices of the great Indian freedom fighters, India got freedom from the British rule in 1947. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of India and hoisted the Indian flag when India got freedom and he proclaimed that “When the world sleeps, India will wake to life and freedom”.

India is a democratic country where its public are authorized to take decisions for the betterment of the country. India is a famous country for the saying “Unity in Diversity” because people of many religions, castes, culture and tradition live together with unity. Most of the Indian heritages and monuments have been added to the world heritage sites.

India Essay 3 (200 words)

India is my mother country and I love it very much. People of India are very honest and truthful in nature. People of various unique traditions and culture live here together without any problem. The mother-tongue of my country is Hindi however many languages are spoken here by the people of different religions without any boundation. India is a great country of natural beauty where great people took birth from time to time and did great works. Indians are very heart-touching in nature and they heartily welcome their guests from other countries.

In India Indian philosophy of life is followed which is called as Sanatan Dharma and has become the main factor to maintain unity in diversity here. India is a republic country where its citizens have power to take decision about country.

There are many natural sceneries, places, monuments, historical heritage of the ancient time, etc which attracts people’s mind from every corner of the world. India is very famous for its spiritual works, Yoga, martial arts, etc. A huge crowd of pilgrims and devotees come here to see and enjoy the beauty of famous places, temples and other world heritage sites in India.

India Essay 4 (250 words)

My country India is a land of Shiva, Parvati, Krishna, Hanuman, Buddha, Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, Kabir, etc. It is a country where great people took birth and did great works. I love my country very much and salute it. It is famous for its biggest democracy and oldest civilization of the world. It is the second most populous country of the world after the chain.

It is a country where courteous people of many religions and cultures lives together. It is a country of great warriors such as Rana Pratap, Shivaji, Lal Bahadur Shashtri, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Patel, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bagat Singh, Lala Lajpet Rai and so many.

It is a rich country where great people took birth in the field of literature, art and science such as Rabindranath Tagore, Sara Chandra, Premchand, C.V. Raman, Jagadish Chandra Bose, APJ Abdul Kalama, Kabir Das, etc. Such great people of India were the proud of my country. All the great leaders of the country came from villages and led the country to go ahead.

They fought for many years and sacrificed their lives to make India an independent country from the British rule. It is a country where famous rivers and oceans are run regularly such as Ganges, Yamuna, Godavari, Narmada, Brahmaputra, Krishna, Kavery, Bay of Bengal, Arabic sea, etc. India is a beautiful country surrounded by the oceans from three sides. It is a country where people are very intellectual and spiritual and believe in God and Goddess.

India Essay 5 (300 words)

India is my motherland country where I took birth. I love India and have proud of it. India is a big democratic country which ranks second in population after China. It has rich and glorious past. It is considered as the country of old civilization of the world. It is a land of learning where students from many corners of the world come to study in the big universities.

It is famous for its various unique and diverse culture and tradition of people of many religions. Some people in the abroad as well follow the Indian culture and tradition because of being attractive in nature. Various invaders came and steal the glory and precious things of India. Some of them made it a slave country however various great leaders of the country became successful in making my motherland free of biritshers in 1947.

The day our country got freedom means 15 th of August is celebrated every year as Independence Day. Pt. Nehru became the first prime minister of India. It is a country rich in natural resources yet inhabitants here are poor. It is growing continuously in the field of technology, science and literature because of the eminent people like Rabindra Nath Tagore, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, Sir C.V.Raman, Shri H. N. Bhabha, etc. It is a peace loving country where people of many religions follow their own culture and tradition as well as celebrate their festivals without any interference.

There are many glorious historical buildings, heritages, monuments and sceneries which attracts people’s mind from different countries every year. Taj Mahal is a great monument in India and symbol of eternal love and Kashmir as the heaven on the earth. It is a country of famous temples, mosques, churches, Gurudwaras, rivers, valleys, fertile plains, highest mountain, etc.

India Essay 6 (400 words)

India is my country and I proud to be an Indian. It ranks as the seventh largest country of the world as well as second most populated country of the world. It is also known as Bharat, Hindustan and Aryavart. It is a peninsula means surrounded by oceans from three sides such as Bay of Bengal in east, Arabian Sea in west and Indian Ocean in south. The national animal of India is tiger, national bird is peacock, national flower is lotus and national fruit is mango.

The flag of India has tricolor, saffron means purity (the uppermost), white means peace (the middle one having an Ashok Chakra) and green means fertility (the lowest one). Ashok Chakra contains equally divided 24 spokes. The national anthem of India is “Jana Gana Mana”, the national song is “Vande Mataram” and national sport is Hockey.

India is a country where people speak many languages and people of different castes, creeds, religions and cultures live together. That’s why India is famous for common saying of “unity in diversity”. It is well known as the land of spirituality, philosophy, science and technology. People of various religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity and Judaism lives here together from the ancient time.

It is famous country for its agriculture and farming which are the backbones of it from the ancient time. It uses it own produced food grains and fruits. It is a famous tourist’s paradise because it attracts people’s mind from all over the world. It is rich in monuments, tombs, churches, historical buildings, temples, museums, scenic beauty, wild life sanctuaries, places of architecture, etc are the source of revenue to it.

It is the place where Taj Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri, golden temple, Qutab Minar, Red Fort, Ooty, Nilgiris, Kashmir, Kajuraho, Ajanta and Ellora caves, etc wonders exist. It is the country of great rivers, mountains, valleys, lakes and oceans. The national language of India is Hindi. It is a country where 29 states and UTs. It has 28 states which again have many small villages.

It is a chief agricultural country famous for producing sugarcane, cotton, jute, rice, wheat, cereals etc crops. It is a country where great leaders (Shivaji, Gandhiji, Nehru, Dr. Ambedkar, etc), great scientists (Dr. Jagadeeshchandra Bose, Dr Homi Bhabha, Dr. C. V Raman, Dr. Naralikar, etc) and great reformers (Mother Teresa, Pandurangashastri Alhavale, T. N. Sheshan) took birth. It is a country where diversity exists with strong unity and peace.

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Mother India Summary in English and Hindi by Subhash Chandra Bose

Mother India Summary in English and Hindi Pdf. Mother India is written by Subhash Chandra Bose. Learncram.com has provided Mother India Objective Questions and Answers Pdf, Chapter Story Ka Meaning in Hindi.

Students can also check English Summary to revise with them during exam preparation.

Mother India by Subhash Chandra Bose About the Author

The author piece of the letter “Mother India” is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (1897-1945). He was a great nationalist and patriot. He was a great political leader of the first half of the 20th century. He led the Revolutionary Indian National Army during world war II to liberate India. He resigned from civil services. He did so because he was of the opinion the best way to end a government is to withdraw from it. “On August 18, 1945, he was going to the Soviet Union in a Japanese plane when it crashed in Taipeh. He is believed to have died in the crash. Netaji was religious and spent much time in meditation.

Mother India Summary in English

The present piece of letter “Mother India” is written to his mother. In this letter he has described how our motherland was in trouble during those days. This letter indicates the concern of a sensitive son of the soil.

Subhash Chandra Bose has narrated the condition of pre-Independence India. He had a deep feeling for the welfare to the country. He was highly pained to see our country under British rule.

Puja celebration had been performed. It had entered its final day. Venue of the pooja pandal was highly decorated. There was pomp and show throughout in the celebration. Subhash did not like such unnecessary wastage of money and energy. He was aggrieved to see the pathetic condition of his Mother-India. He was of the opinion that India had a glorious past. He had expressed his view that India is God’s beloved land and He (God) had been born in this holy land many a times in every aga in the form of saviour for the enlightenment of the people. He has blessed with this earth to get rid of their son and to establish righteousness and truth in the heart of every Indian.

There are sacred rivers like Ganga and Godavari. The yogis have gathered on the banks of those rivers and find it a suitable place for them. They perform worship with flowers, sandal wood and incense, People from different places come for a holy darshan and dip in the water.

Subhash was highly disturbed mentally to see the distressed condition of his Mother India. He asked from his mother why such a situation had arisen. Why there is no any sincere and selfless son to serve his mother. He did not see a single person, who was ready to sacrifice his desire and selfishness. Everybody was suffering from hunger, jealousy, selfishness and lack of love.

At the end, Subhash has offered himself of his abilities and sacrifices. He also expected the same from the people of the country. By doing this they would be able to fight for their Mother India, with new vigour and strength. That was the only way out to get rid of British rule and the beginning of a golden chapter.

Mother India Summary in Hindi

1. Revered mother, Today is…….not an ordinary one. अनुवाद : पूज्यनीय माताजी आज पूजा का अंतिम दिन है। आप हमारे गाँव के घर में देवी की पूजा करने में तल्लीन होंगी। मुझे आशा है कि इस वर्ष पूजा बड़ी धूम-धाम व श्रद्धा से की जाएगी। परंतु, माँ, क्या धूमधाम व अनुष्ठान की कोई आवश्यकता है ? जिसे हम प्राप्त करना चाहते हैं, उसका अपने मन व निष्ठा से आह्वान करना पर्याप्त है। इससे अधिक और क्या चाहिए? जब चंदन की लकड़ी व फूलों का स्थान श्रद्धा व प्रेम ले लेते हैं, तो हमारी पूजा संसार में सबसे भव्य चीज बन जाती है। धूम-धाम व श्रद्धा आपस में विरोधी हैं। इस वर्ष मेरे मन में कसक है। यह बड़ा दुख है-कोई साधारण दुख नहीं।

2. I shall be pining away……………from here. अनुवाद-देवी के जल विसर्जन के दिन मैं यहाँ तड़प रहा हूँगा। परंतु मेरा दिल आप सब के साथ होगा। ऐसे पवित्र दिन मेरे लिए कोई प्रसन्नता न होगी। परंतु इसका अब कोई चारा . नहीं है। कल सायं हम आपको अपना प्रणाम यहाँ से भेजेंगे।

3. India is God’s……………..holy river indeed! अनुवाद-भारत ईश्वर की प्रिय भूमि है। वह इस महान देश में हर युग में मुक्तिदाता के रूप में पैदा हुआ है। लोगों को ज्ञान देने के लिए, संसार को पाप से मुक्ति दिलाने और हर भारतीय के दिल में सदाचार व सत्य की स्थापना करने के लिए वह मानव रूप में कई देशों में आया है, परंतु अन्य किसी देश में इतनी बार नहीं । इसलिए मैं कहता हूँ कि हमारी मातृभूमि ईश्वर की प्रिय भूमि है। देखो माँ, भारत में आपको जो चाहो मिल सकता हैं-गर्म से गर्म ग्रीष्म ऋतु, कड़ाके का शीतकाल, भारी से भारी वर्षा, और मनों को अच्छे लगने वाले वसंत व हेमंत । दक्कन में मैं गोदावरी देखता हूँ, जिसका निर्मल व पवित्र जल उनके किनारों तक पहुँचता है, और वह धीरे-धीरे सदा सागर की ओर बहती है में वह एक पवित्र नदी है।

4. I am reminded……………..and save us! अनुवाद-मुझे एक और दृश्य की याद आती है। गंगा संसार की मैल लिए अपने रास्ते पर चल रही है। योगी उसके किनारे पर इकट्ठे हो गए हैं-कुछ आधी मींची आँखों से प्रातः की प्रार्थना में तल्लीन हैं। कुछ ने मूर्तियाँ बना ली हैं और जंगल से सुगंधित पुष्प इकट्ठे करके संदल और अगर जलाकर उनकी पूजा कर रहे हैं, उनमें से कुछ द्वारा किया गया मंत्रों का उच्चारण वातावरण में गूंज रहा है, कुछ स्वयं को गंगा के पवित्र जल से स्वच्छ कर रहे हैं-कुछ पूजा के फूल इकट्ठा करते हुए गुनगुना रहे हैं । यह सब कुछ इतना श्रेष्ठ है और आँखों व मन को प्यारा लगता है। परंतु वे महात्मा ऋषि कहाँ हैं ? हे दयालु प्रभु, हम पर सदा दया करो और हमारी रक्षा करो।

5. Mother, when I sit……. ……..our hoary past ? अनुवाद-माँ, जब मैं पत्र लिखने बैठता हूँ मुझे ज्ञात नहीं रहता कि क्या उचित है। मैं नहीं जानता कि मैं क्या लिखने का रहा हूँ, और मैं क्या लिखने में सक्षम हूँ। माँ, मैं नहीं समझता कि भारत माता के पास एक भी निस्वाथ बेटा है-क्या हमारी मातृभूमि इतनी अभागी है ? उफ, हमारे पुरातन काल को क्या हो गया है?

6. You are a mother……………..also selfish ? अनुवाद-आप भी माँ हो, परंतु क्या आपका सम्बन्ध केवल हम से ही है ? नहीं, आप सभी भारतीयों की माँ हो-यदि सभी भारतीय आपके बेटे हैं, तो आप बेटों के दुख से कष्ट से चीख ,क्यों नहीं उठतीं? क्या कोई माँ इतनी निर्दयी हो सकती है ? नहीं, ऐसा कभी नहीं हो सकता-क्योंकि कोई माँ निर्दयी नहीं हो सकती । तो फिर यह क्या बात है कि अपने बेटों की ऐसी दुर्दशा के सामने माँ पर कोई प्रभाव नहीं होता ? माँ, आपने भारत के सभी भागों का भ्रमण किया है तो क्या भारतीयों की ऐसी शोचनीय स्थिति को देखकर आपका दिल आहत नहीं होता? हम अज्ञानी हैं और इसलिए हम स्वार्थी हो सकते हैं। परंतु माँ कभी स्वार्थी नहीं हो सकती, क्योंकि माँ अपने बच्चों के लिए जीवित रहती है। यदि यह ठीक है, तो क्या बात है कि माँ का मन नहीं पिघलता जबकि उसके बच्चे कष्ट भोग रहे हैं। तो क्या माँ भी स्थार्थी है?

7. Faith and bigotry………………cry out in pain ? अनुवाद-धर्म व धर्मान्धता फैल गए हैं, जिससे पाप बढ़ गए हैं और लोगों के लिए कष्टदायक बन गए हैं। माँ क्या इस सब से, व इसके विचार से आप दुखी होकर आँसू नहीं बहातीं? क्या आपको वास्तव में ऐसा नहीं लगता? ऐसा कभी नहीं हो सकता। कोई माँ ऐसी कठोर हृदय नहीं हो सकती। माँ, अपने बच्चों की दुर्दशा पर ध्यान से दृष्टि डालो। पाप, सभी प्रकार के कष्ट, भूख, प्रेम से वंचित, ईर्ष्या, स्वार्थ-इन सबने उनके जीवन को वास्तविक नर्क बना दिया है। उफ हमारी क्या दशा हो गई है। माँ, जब आप ऐसी बातों के बारे में सोचती हो, तो क्या आप बेचैन नहीं होती ? क्या आप का दिल पीड़ा से रो नहीं पड़ता ?

8. Will the condition of…………….of our nation? अनुवाद-क्या हमारे देश की परिस्थितियाँ बुरी से बुरी होती जाएँगी ? क्या भारत माता का कोई बेटा दुखी होकर, और अपने स्वार्थों की परवाह न करके, माँ के कार्य में अपना जीवन समर्पित नहीं करेगा? माँ, हम कब तक और सोते रहेंगे? हम कब तक अनावश्यक चीजों से खेलते रहेंगे ? क्या हम अपने राष्ट्र के विलाप को न सुनेंगे?

9. How long can………………yours yet ready? अनुवाद-कब तक कोई बाहें मोड़कर अपने देश की इस परिस्थिति को देखता रहेगा? कोई और अधिक प्रतीक्षा नहीं कर सकता। और अधिक नहीं सो सकता । अब हमें अपने भाव-शून्यता व तन्द्रा को उतार फेंकना और कार्य में कूदना होगा । परंतु, अफसोस, इस स्वार्थी युग में माँ के कितने निस्वार्थ बेटे हैं जो अपने हितों को पूर्णत: त्यागकर माँ के लिए कार्य करने में जुट जाएँगे? माँ, क्या आपका यह बेटा अभी तैयार है या नहीं? आपका स्नेही प्रकाश

What is the meaning of Mother India?

Mother India or Bharat Mata is the so-called Goddess of India, but not literally “a mother of the billion people of India”. It’s our mother, meaning a goddess who is as caring and loving as mother, but who is equally strong and powerful, who can guide its children to right path.

What does Mother India say about her sons?

Answer : Mother India remembers the sacrifices made by her brave sons in a proud, celebratory tone. She addresses the erstwhile rulers of India and proudly reminds them the gifts they had received from her – rich clothes, grains and gold.

What does Mother India hope for Gift of India?

In the poem The Gift of India the lament which Mother India has is that her brave sons, the soldiers, went to the war and died like pearls on the other country and scattered like shells on foreign land. The mother asks whether the grief and tears which she has for her brave sons can be measured by anyone.

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Mother Teresa

By: History.com Editors

Published: February 26, 2024

Mother Teresa was a Roman Catholic nun and founder of the Order of the Missionaries of Charity, an organization that serves the poorest of the world’s population. An ethnic Albanian, born in what is now Macedonia, she lived and worked in India for nearly seven decades and became a citizen of that country. Her dedication to helping the poorest and sickest communities in Kolkata (then Calcutta) earned Mother Teresa widespread fame and numerous honors, including the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize.

Childhood and Move to India

Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu on August 26, 1910, in what is now Skopje, North Macedonia; at the time it was part of the Ottoman Empire. Her family was of Albanian descent; her father, a reasonably successful merchant, died when she was just eight years old. After his death, the family struggled financially, but her mother instilled in young Agnes the importance of leading a Christian life and serving the less fortunate.

At the age of 12, Agnes first felt a calling to become a nun and devote her life to God. She left home at the age of 18 and joined the Sisters of Loreto, an Irish Catholic order with missions in India. She received training near Dublin, where she began learning English, before traveling to Kolkata (then known as Calcutta), India in late 1928. She took her first vows as a nun in May 1931, and received a new name: Teresa, after Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. In 1937, when she took her final vows, she became known as Mother Teresa.

'Call Within a Call'

From 1931 to 1948, Mother Teresa taught geography, history and catechism at St. Mary’s High School in Kolkata. She learned Bengali and Hindi, and eventually became the school’s principal. She also regularly visited the city’s slums and saw how suffering increased there during the devastating famine in 1943, which killed hundreds of thousands of people in India’s Bengal province.

In September 1946, Mother Teresa experienced what she described as a “call within a call” while riding on a train within India. In response, she sought and received permission from her superiors to leave the convent school and live and work in the slums among the city’s sickest and poorest residents. With this move, Mother Teresa began wearing what would become her trademark garb: a white sari with a blue border, later adopted as the habit for the other nuns who worked alongside her.

The Order of the Missionaries of Charity

In 1950, Mother Teresa received permission from the Holy See to found her own order, the Missionaries of Charity. The order’s purpose was to help the poor while living among them, sharing their experience and treating them with kindness, compassion and empathy, but never pity. Mother Teresa and those who joined her order built various facilities as an open-air school, housing for orphan children, nursing homes for lepers and hospices for terminally ill patients.

Mother Teresa’s order expanded over the years to serve communities outside Kolkata, and in 1965, received permission from Pope Paul VI to expand internationally. It opened its first center in the United States in 1971 in New York City, and would eventually reach around 90 countries.

As her work earned her international renown, Mother Teresa was awarded honors including the Pope John XXIII Peace Prize (1971) and the Nehru Prize for her promotion of international peace and understanding (1972). In 1975, she was featured on the cover of TIME magazine and called one of the world’s “living saints.”

Nobel Peace Prize and Criticism

In 1979, Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for what the prize committee cited as her “work undertaken in the struggle to overcome poverty and distress in the world, which also constitute a threat to peace.” By that time, the Missionaries of Charity included more than 1,800 nuns and 120,000 lay workers, working in more than 80 centers in India and more than 100 other centers internationally. The following year, the Indian government awarded Mother Teresa the Bharat Ratna, the country’s highest civilian honor.

Despite her numerous honors and widespread fame and admiration, Mother Teresa became a target of criticism as well. She held hard-line conservative views against divorce, contraception and abortion , as well as highly traditional views about the role of women in society. Some critics cast doubt on the level of hygiene and care at some of her order’s facilities; others accused her of trying to convert the people she served to Christianity.

Declining Health, Death and Sainthood

After suffering a heart attack in 1989, Mother Teresa attempted to resign as head of the Missionaries of Charity but was returned to that office by a nearly unanimous vote; hers was the only dissent. In 1997, her worsening health forced her permanent retirement, and the order chose an Indian-born nun, Sister Nirmala, to replace her. Mother Teresa suffered cardiac arrest and died on September 5, 1997, in Kolkata, just days after her 87th birthday.

As the world mourned Mother Teresa’s death, Pope John Paul II issued a special dispensation to speed the process of her canonization, or becoming a saint. In 2003, he beatified Mother Teresa after an Indian woman attributed her recovery from stomach cancer to Mother Teresa’s intercession, which the Vatican recognized as a miracle.

Twelve years later, the Holy See recognized a second miracle, after a Brazilian man recovered from a life-threatening brain infection after his family prayed to Mother Teresa. In September 2016, Pope Francis I officially declared Mother Teresa a saint 19 years after her death—a markedly fast pace for modern times.

“She made her voice heard before the powers of this world, so that they might recognize their guilt for the crime of poverty they created,” the Pope said in the canonization ceremony, held in St. Peter’s Square in Vatican City .

Mother Teresa - Biographical. The Nobel Prize .

Eric Pace, “Mother Teresa, Hope of the Despairing, Dies at 87.” The New York Times , September 6, 1997.

Kathryn Spink. Mother Teresa: A Complete Authorized Biography , (Harper Collins, 1997).

Elisabetta Povoledo, “Mother Teresa Is Made a Saint by Pope Francis.” The New York Times , September 3, 2016.

Mallika Kapur and Sugam Pokharel, “‘Troubled individual:’ Mother Teresa no saint to her critics.” CNN , September 4, 2016.

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Kushinagar, the capital of the Malla mahajanapada, depicted in a 1st century BCE frieze in the Sanchi Stupa. Historians have argued that the Malla people were among those possessing republican institutions in the time of the Buddha. | Wikimedia

Was India the Mother of Democracy?

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The Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) has recently released a book titled India: The Mother of Democracy and is encouraging universities in India to launch research programmes aimed at revealing the ancient roots of democratic institutions in India.

The project is not new—it goes back to the earliest phases of Indian nationalism under colonial rule. That effort was, in its beginnings, an effort to rebut a standard British defence of their own rule in India. We, however, need to step back a few centuries to understand the origins of the defence and Indian critiques of it.

There were two mutually contradictory strains in Western thought about India and its past—one that idealised it and the other that denigrated it. Both strains have been traced in the erudite work of Donald F. Lach and his collaborators published in later 20th century in several volumes with the title Asia in the Making of Europe . Their scholarship reveals that the broad European public in the 16th and 17th centuries had hazy ideas of Asia but saw it as a land inhabited by strange people who practised magical arts and excelled in crafts.

Some Europeans also saw them as leading exemplary and virtuous lives. Others were not so sure of the last—they identified “Asia” with the Ottoman Empire whose armies nearly captured Vienna in 1683 and presented a constant menace to Europe.

Alongside this, the refusal of Indians, even Syrian Christians, to accept the truth of Latin Christianity as presented by the Portuguese baffled and angered the Roman Catholic Church. It resulted in a stream of denigration with occasional racial overtones. This polemic also filtered into European thought (Lach 1977: 556–566). This had less effect in Protestant lands such as England and Holland that were also engaged in resisting the Roman Church, and as apostates, in greater danger of interrogation and occasional incineration by the secular arm of the Holy Office (also known as the Inquisition).

There were two mutually contradictory strains in Western thought about India and its past—one that idealised it and the other that denigrated it.

Protestants, as well as sceptics like Voltaire, were therefore more open to accepting a comparative view of the virtues and weaknesses of different world civilisations. William Jones’ proof of the linguistic connection between Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin, in his “Third Anniversary Discourse to the Asiatic Society “in 1786, spurred Indophilic ideas among the intelligentsia of Europe.

Even in the early 19th century, therefore, the Governor of Madras Thomas Munro could declare to the British Parliament that if civilisation were to be an item of trade between India and Britain, “I am convinced that this country will gain by the import cargo” (cited in Guha 2019: 125). American historian Thomas Trautmann (1997) has termed the idealisation of India “Indomania” and showed that it persisted strongly into the early 19th century.

Of course, reactions against such ideas were not new either. They had long been challenged by those eager to bring the light of the gospel to Asia. As early as 1544, the future Saint Francis Xavier denounced Brahmans as acknowledging the truth of the Christian revelation but deliberately concealing it. But apart from enclaves under the Portuguese theocratic sway, such polemics had no practical applications (Guha 2019: 124).

This changed in the mid-18th century when, following the conquest of Bengal and increasing influence elsewhere in Asia, British perception of the people they now ruled could shape administrative policy, including religious and educational policy. Thus, the East India Company generally discouraged Christian missionaries from entering its territories. Only in 1813 did Evangelical pressure force them to officially permit their entry.

We may see the old theological polemic revived in the work of Charles Grant (1746–1823), an official of the East India Company and later one of its directors and Chairman, and ally of historian and philosopher James Mill. He published his Observations , in 1797. These begin by arguing that only divine favour could have led to the Company’s greatness and it was therefore its duty to “honour God” by diffusing the revelation he had bestowed on mankind.

Admitting that ancient link with the Mediterranean fount of democratic government and republican virtue would have undermined Grant’s focus on the spontaneously despotic nature of Indian governments…

Trautmann (1997) has analysed Grant’s 1797 work as a foundational text in the evangelical critique of Indophilia. Grant’s essay was to be frequently invoked to justify the Anglicisation of British India. It painted a dark picture of the moral depravity of the people of India and attributed this to the uniformly despotic governments that shaped their morals. That despotism, however, Grant argued, resulted from the intrinsic character of their religion, which was the invention of a crafty and imperious priesthood.

I have shown it was no accident that Grant, while citing the 1786 lecture where Jones announced his discovery of the kinship of ancient Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, completely omitted mentioning that “proof” (Guha 2019). As a matter of fact, Jones had gone beyond the linguistic connection to assert,

Admitting that ancient link with the Mediterranean fount of democratic government and republican virtue would have undermined Grant’s focus on the spontaneously despotic nature of Indian governments, something that he thought they shared with all the regimes of the “East”. “Despotism,” he wrote, “is not only the principle of the government of Hindostan, but an original, fundamental and irreversible principle in the very frame of society” (1797: 74, 81, 83)

Therefore, according to Grant, despotism was an intrinsic quality of Indian or “Hindoo” society. It followed that the “benevolent despotism” that he advocated as active East India Company policy was the best of all possible worlds. His implicit logic was that since Indian society was doomed to be despotic, it should have the best possible despotism—an English one.

Four decades later, Thomas Macaulay took the truth of this proposition for granted. “We know that India cannot have a free government. But she can have the next best thing—a firm and impartial despotism” (Trevelyan 1877).

It is not surprising that Indian nationalists who wanted a larger degree of self-government challenged this. If Indians were incapable of self-rule, British despotism would have to stay indefinitely. The historically minded sought democratic or republican principles in the early forms of Indian government to refute Grant, Mill, and Macaulay. It is their work that the ICHR appears to be dusting off.

It is clear that the ICHR is re-opening a theme that was explored for several decades by pioneering scholars of ancient history.

R.C. Majumdar first published Corporate Life in Ancient India in 1919, and a revised and enlarged edition in 1969. A.S. Altekar published his dissertation on village self-government in 1927 and a larger study of ancient Indian governmental institutions ( State and Government in Ancient India ) in 1949. Chapter 6 of this book deals with republican or collective ( gaṇa -based) forms of government. Elsewhere in the work, Altekar emphasises the autonomy of smaller units, such as village communities and what I have called “village-clusters” or parganas (Guha 2013). This was echoed by the Kisan Sabha leader N.G. Ranga, speaking in India’s Constituent Assembly (1946-49), argued in favour of village councils on the basis of a thousand years of achievement by South Indian panchayats (R. Guha 2007: 119).

The theme of an ancient Indian democracy is also found in D.D. Kosambi’s Introduction (1956), where he emphasises the democratic structure and collective decision-making in what he perceived to be tribal organisations in the age of the Buddha. He also points out that the rising kings “could not allow such dangerous examples of democracy to survive” (1956: 153–54)

It is clear that the ICHR is re-opening a theme that was explored for several decades by pioneering scholars of ancient history. Indeed, the list below matches Majumdar (1969) in almost every detail. According to a report in the Deccan Herald , the ICHR has suggested topics such as “Existence of Ganarajya in Kalinga During Asoka’s Invasion”, “Harappans–the Pioneering Architect of the Democratic System in the World: Archeological Perspective”, “Governing Principles of Democracy in Ancient Sanskrit Scripture based on Sruti, Smiti Itihasa and Mahakavya Texts”, “The Tradition of Local Self-Government in Ancient and Medieval Tamilnadu”, “Democratic Thoughts and Traditions as Reflected in Arthasastra”, and “Janatantra as perceived through the Coins of Gana-Janapadas (BCE 400 – 300 ACE)” (Madhukalya 2022).

The only item in the ICHR list that appears to be founded on a research article published in recent years is the Harappans as pioneers of democratic functioning (Green 2017). It is possible that new evidence has emerged or will emerge. Or perhaps this will just be a rehash of century-old ideas that were neglected for decades.

But setting the question of originality aside, we may also consider the validity of the search for a single unique parent of ‘democracy”, however defined. Such a search assumes the existence of a single centre for all democratic institutions, a place from which it diffused to other human societies—as the now discredited idea termed “diffusionism” holds. Anyone making that argument has to face the difficulty of explaining why the said institution originated in only one locus to begin with, and then of demonstrating its diffusion to other places.

[W]e may … consider the validity of the search for a single unique parent of ‘democracy”, however defined. Such a search assumes the existence of a single centre for all democratic institutions…

It would be a difficult task and one that great Indian scholars did not attempt. Perhaps we should be satisfied with the idea that the Indian subcontinent has been one of the sites where the idea of limited government and countervailing institutions has existed through time.

American political scientist David Stasavage argues that efforts to create institutions that limited the power of any one actor in the political system—his minimal definition of democracy—are to be found in many parts of the world in the remote and the recent past (2020). No one society can claim sole credit for this—all have the potential to achieve it. Perhaps that is what the ICHR projects may discover, merely reconfirming the arguments of pioneers such as Majumdar, Altekar, and Radhakumud Mukherjee.

But don’t hold your breath.

Sumit Guha is a professor of history at the University of Texas-Austin. His most recent book is Tribe and State in Asia through Twenty-Five Centuries (New York: Columbia University Press, 2021).

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Altekar, A. S. (1949): State and Government in Ancient India: From Earliest Times to 1200 AD, Banaras: Motilal Banarsidass.

Grant, Charles (1797): Observations on the State of Society among the Asiatic Subjects of Great Britain: Particularly with Respect to Morals; and on the Means of Improving It, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Green, Adam S. (2017): "Mohenjo-Daro's Small Public Structures: Heterarchy, Collective Action and a Re-visitation of Old Interpretations with GIS and 3D Modelling", Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 28: 2, pp. 205-23. doi: 10.1017/S0959774317000774

Guha, Ramachandra (2007): India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy, Gurugram, Haryana: Ecco Books (HarperCollins).

Guha, Sumit (2013): Beyond Caste: Identity and Power in South Asia, Past and Present, Leiden: Brill.

Guha, Sumit (2019): History and Collective Memory in South Asia, 1200–2000, Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Jones, William (1824). Discourses delivered before the Asiatic Society: And Miscellaneous Papers, on the Religion, Poetry, Literature, Etc., of the Nations of India, C. S. Arnold.

Kosambi, D.D. (1956): An Introduction to the Study of Indian History, Bombay: Popular Book Depot.

Lach, Donald F. (1977): Asia in the Making of Europe, Vol.2, Book, 3, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Madhukalya, Amrita (2022): "UGC trying to posit India as mother of democracy", Deccan Herald, 16 Nov. https://www.deccanherald.com/national/ugc-trying-to-posit-india-as-mother-of-democracy-1162981.html

Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1969): Corporate Life in Ancient India. 3rd edition, Kolkata: University of Calcutta.

Stasavage, David (2020): The Decline and Rise of Democracy: A Global History from Antiquity to Today, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Trautmann, Thomas R. (1997): Aryans and British India, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Trevelyan, George Otto (1877): Leipsic Edition of the Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay, Vol 1 and 2, Detroit: Belford.

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My Mother Essay

An Introduction to the Essay

The word Mother is a very pious word and whosoever is called by the name ‘Mother’ is a person who sacrifices and prioritizes her children over anything. Her whole Life revolves around the well-being of her child, their growth, their development, and their welfare. A Mother not just only gives birth to a child but she takes a Lifelong commitment to take care of her child.

The only unconditional love in the world is the mother's love. My mother is my inspiration, my superhero, my best friend, and my guiding light. My life would not have been beautiful without my mother. Through ups and downs and in every step of life, she holds my hand and supports and encourages me. No matter what happens, my mother is always there beside me- cheering me up and motivating me. All mothers in the world are great and so, we should not celebrate their contribution in our life on Mother's Day only, which is 10th May, but every day of the year and throughout their life. It is because no gesture of appreciation is ever enough when it comes to acknowledging our mother. Her selfless love and sacrifice are the precious of all gifts under the sun.

An Essay on Mothers

My Mother- The Multi-Tasker

Mothers play an important role in everyone’s Life since she acts as a Protector, a Friend, and Guide for Life. A Mother does everything selflessly for her child and without any condition. There the love of a Mother is known to be Unconditional.

The way she manages my family with utter dedication and devotion is inspiring. The relationship with my mother is something very hard to explain. I do not merely love her because she is my mother and we should respect our elders. I love her because she is my world and when I was not able to speak and communicate she took care of me, time and time again. The best part about my mother is that even though I have grown older she knows and understands my needs without me speaking a word. I learned kindness and love from her. She taught me no matter how bad a situation might get, only love can improve it in the most effective way. She has been the rock-solid pillar of my life and in every big moment of my life.

My Mother has constantly supported me throughout my entire Life, whenever I am in a danger or in a situation where I am stuck, she has always been there for me, protected me, and guided me. She has been my favorite teacher who has taught me about Life and the beauty of it. She is the essence of truthfulness, sincerity, and lots of love. The only person who holds our family together is my Mother. She cares for everyone in the house and for the ones in need outside the house as well. One of the most beautiful things that I learned from my mother is empathy. Be it strangers or animals, she treats everyone equally which makes her more amazing. Moreover, she taught me to not hurt anyone on purpose and help people whenever possible. Not only this but also she taught me to not differentiate among rich or poor, beautiful or ugly. She says that it is the heart of a person that makes them beautiful and rich and not temporary possessions.

My Mother is my constant source of encouragement, be it in Life or in school for studies. She has always inspired me to do other activities along with my studies. She has taught me to enjoy every aspect of Life and live Life to the fullest. She wants me to do those things in Life as well which she could not do or pursue. She is my backbone for everything. My mother has inspired me through her hard work and sacrifices. She taught me once never to get disheartened by failure and to keep challenging the failure with our honest effort. And one day, failure will pave the path to our success. The strength of facing hurdles and overcoming it is what I have learned from her.

Mothers have never-ending qualities even though they do not get much credit for their goodness and hard work. She binds everyone in the family and plays a very important part in everyone’s Life. Even when I do something wrong in Life, she scolds me but at the same time, she makes me understand and helps me to get out of the situation. She forgives me after every mistake but ensures that I’ve realized my mistake first. She is the most selfless human being I have ever encountered in my life till now.

My mother knows me in and out. Even if I am lying she catches me immediately and I start feeling guilty. We should never lie to our parents and especially, to our mother. They simply do not deserve it. Mothers spend a significant part of their lives making us capable of standing on our own feet. Sometimes, they have to sacrifice their own career and happiness for that. So a mother's trust should never be destroyed. And when it comes to my mother, I would not change a bit about her. She is the best chef, reading partner, and an independent working woman who can balance almost everything with utmost perfection. Even her imperfection makes me proud of her. Without my mother, I would never become a better human being. My Mother is my biggest strength and makes me, even more, stronger when I go through all my ups and downs in life. The best thing she possesses is her patience. The patience she has is difficult for anyone to have. She deals with every situation in the family, in my life, or even in her Life with so much patience because of the reason the family is bonded so strongly. It is the responsibility of every child to appreciate their Mothers and give them the love and respect that Mothers deserve.

Study with Vedantu

Students can find all their necessary study materials and learning resources at Vedantu. Along with the Essay on Mothers, students can also find various other Essays on different topics with two ranges of both long and short examples. For more information and details, they can head over to the website of Vedantu. The Vedantu app can also be downloaded and skimmed through for more ease while studying.

FAQs on My Mother Essay

1. What is the role of a mother in a family?

Mothers provide an ideal environment for the family and are the best role model in everyone’s Life. She is the one person everyone in the family can totally depend on in Life. She is the only one who asks every member of the family at the end of each day if they’ve had their proper meals all day long or not.

2. What does a Mother do to provide a comfortable life to her children?

A mother works hard day and night in order to give her children a comfortable life. She teaches her children to believe in themselves and have faith in themselves and never give up on Life. She teaches them moral values and the difference between right and wrong and how one decision in their lives can impact their futures.

Essay on India in English for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Essay on India : India is the seventh-largest country and the most populous democracy in the world. It is located in South Asia and was officially declared the Republic of India after its independence from British rule. India has unique topographical features – plains of central India, rain forests of the northeast, icy cold Himalayan region, and dry arid desert in the west, among others. India’s cultural, linguistic, and religious diversity is as diverse as its geography.

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Indian culture differs from place to place and is a union of several different cultures spread across the length and breadth of the continent. Although there are 22 Languages imbibed in the Constitution of India, more than 1900 dialects or mother tongues are spoken throughout the nation. India’s huge cultural and linguistic diversity is one of its most distinguished features.

Long and Short Essay on India in English

India is one of the most famous countries in the world. Every citizen of India must know about its history, struggle, culture, and other important things.

Students are generally given this topic in their schools to write some paragraphs or full essays in the class tests or main exams.

Here we have given below long and short essays on India, which are well-written essays to help students under various word limits.

They can select anyone of these India essays according to the words limit:

Essay on India 100 words

India is a famous country all over the world. Geographically, our country is located to the south of the Asia continent. India is a high population country and well protected from all directions naturally. It is a famous country for its great cultural and traditional values all across the world. It contains a mountain called Himalaya, which is the biggest in the world.

Three big oceans surround it in three directions: the south with the Indian Ocean, the east with the Bay of Bengal, and the west with the Arabic sea. India is a democratic country that ranks second in its population. The national language of India is Hindi however, almost fourteen nationally recognized languages are spoken here.

Essay on India 150 words

However, after many years of hard struggles and sacrifices of the great Indian freedom fighters, India got freedom from British rule in 1947. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru became India’s first Prime Minister, hoisted the Indian flag when India got freedom, and proclaimed, “When the world sleeps, India will wake to life and freedom.”

India is a democratic country where its public is authorized to take decisions for the betterment of the country. India is a famous country for the saying “Unity in Diversity” because people of many religions, castes, cultures, and traditions live together in unity. Most of the Indian heritages and monuments have been added to the world heritage sites.

Essay on India 200 words

India is my mother country, and I love it very much. The people of India are very honest and truthful in nature. People of various unique traditions and cultures live here together without any problem. The mother tongue of my country is Hindi however many languages are spoken here by people of different religions without any foundation. India is a great country of natural beauty where great people took birth from time to time and did great works. Indians are heart-touching in nature and heartily welcome guests from other countries.

In India, the Indian philosophy of life is called Sanatan Dharma and has become the main factor in maintaining unity in diversity here. India is a republic country where its citizens have the power to take decisions about the country.

There are many natural sceneries, places, monuments, historical heritage of ancient time, etc., which attracts people’s minds from every corner of the world. India is famous for its spiritual works, Yoga, martial arts, etc. A huge crowd of pilgrims and devotees come here to see and enjoy the beauty of famous places, temples, and other world heritage sites in India.

Essay on India 250 words

My country India is a land of Shiva, Parvati, Krishna, Hanuman, Buddha, Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, Kabir, etc. It is a country where great people took birth and did great work. I love my country very much and salute it. It is famous for its biggest democracy and oldest civilization in the world. It is the second most populous country in the world after the chain.

It is a country where courteous people of many religions and cultures live together. It is a country of great warriors such as Rana Pratap, Shivaji, Lal Bahadur Shashtri, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Patel, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Lala Lajpat Rai, and so many.

It is a rich country where great people took birth in literature, art, and science, such as Rabindranath Tagore, Sara Chandra, Premchand, C.V. Raman, Jagadish Chandra Bose, APJ Abdul Kalama, Kabir Das, etc. Such great people of India were proud of my country. All the great leaders came from villages and led the country to go ahead.

They fought for many years and sacrificed their lives to make India an independent country from British rule. It is a country where famous rivers and oceans are run regularly, such as the Ganges, Yamuna, Godavari, Narmada, Brahmaputra, Krishna, Kavery, Bay of Bengal, Arabic sea, etc. India is a beautiful country surrounded by the oceans from three sides. It is a country where people are very intellectual and spiritual and believe in God and Goddess.

Essay on India 300 words

India is my motherland country where I took birth. I love India and have proud of it. India is a big democratic country that ranks second in population after China. It has a rich and glorious past. It is considered the country of old civilization in the world. It is a land of learning where students from many corners come to study in the big universities.

It is famous for its various unique and diverse cultures and tradition of people of many religions. Some people abroad as well follow Indian culture and tradition because of being attracted to nature. Various invaders came and steal the glory and precious things of India. Some of them made it a slave country; however various great leaders of the country became successful in making my motherland free of Britishers in 1947.

The day our country got freedom means the 15 th of August is celebrated every year as Independence Day. Pt. Nehru became the first prime minister of India. It is a country rich in natural resources, yet the inhabitants here are poor. It is growing continuously in technology, science, and literature because of eminent people like Rabindra Nath Tagore, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, Sir C.V.Raman, Shri H. N. Bhabha, etc. It is a peace-loving country where people of many religions follow their own culture and tradition as well as celebrate their festivals without any interference.

There are many glorious historical buildings, heritages, monuments and sceneries which attract people mind from different countries every year. Taj Mahal is a great monument in India and a symbol of eternal love and Kashmir as the heaven on the earth. It is a country of famous temples, mosques, churches, Gurudwaras, rivers, valleys, fertile plains, highest mountain, etc.

Essay on India 400 words

India is my country, and I am proud to be an Indian. It ranks as the seventh largest country in the world as well as the second most populated country in the world. It is also known as Bharat, Hindustan, and Aryavart. It is a peninsula means surrounded by oceans on three sides as Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west, and the Indian Ocean in the south. The national animal of India is a tiger, the national bird is a peacock, national flower is the lotus, and the national fruit is mango.

The flag of India has a tricolor, and saffron means purity (the uppermost), white means peace (the middle one having an Ashok Chakra), and green means fertility (the lowest one). Ashok Chakra contains equally divided 24 spokes. The national anthem of India is “Jana Gana Mana,” the national song is “Vande Mataram,” and the national sport is Hockey.

India is a country where people speak many languages, and people of different castes, creeds, religions, and cultures live together. That’s why India is famous for the common saying of “unity in diversity.” It is well known as the land of spirituality, philosophy, science, and technology. People of various religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism have lived together in ancient times.

It is a famous country for its agriculture and farming, which are the backbones from ancient times. It uses its own produced food grains and fruits. It is a famous tourist paradise because it attracts people from all over the world. It is rich in monuments, tombs, churches, historical buildings, temples, museums, scenic beauty, wildlife sanctuaries, places of architecture, etc., which are its source of revenue.

It is where Taj Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri, golden temple, Qutab Minar, Red Fort, Ooty, Nilgiris, Kashmir, Khajuraho, Ajanta and Ellora caves, etc., wonders exist. It is a country of great rivers, mountains, valleys, lakes, and oceans. The national language of India is Hindi. It is a country where 29 states and UTs. It has 28 states which again have many small villages.

It is a chief agricultural country famous for producing crops of sugarcane, cotton, jute, rice, wheat, cereals, etc. It is a country where great leaders (Shivaji, Gandhiji, Nehru, Dr. Ambedkar, etc.), great scientists (Dr. Jagadeeshchandra Bose, Dr. Homi Bhabha, Dr. C. V Raman, Dr. Naralikar, etc.) and great reformers (Mother Teresa, Pandurangashastri Alhavale, T. N. Sheshan) took birth. It is a country where diversity exists with strong unity and peace.

Essay on India FAQs

What makes india special essay.

India is special due to its rich culture, history, and diverse traditions.

How to write an essay on my country India?

To write an essay about India, describe its culture, heritage, and achievements.

What are the 10 lines of India of my dream?

In my dream India, there's unity, education for all, and prosperity.

Essay on My Mother for Schools Students and Children

500+ words essay on my mother.

My mother is an ordinary woman she is my superhero. In every step of my, she supported and encouraged me. Whether day or night she was always there for me no matter what the condition is. Furthermore, her every work, persistence, devotion, dedication, conduct is an inspiration for me. In this essay on my mother, I am going to talk about my mother and why she is so special to me.

Why I Love My Mother So Much?

I love her not because she is my mother and we should respect our elders. I respect her because she has taken care of me when I was not able to speak. At that time, she has taken care of all my needs when I wasn’t able to speak.

Additionally, she taught me how to walk, speak, and take care of myself. Similarly, every bigger step that I have taken in my life is all because of my mother. Because, if she hasn’t taught me how to take small steps then I won’t be able to take these bigger step.

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She is an essence of truthfulness, love, and sincerity. Another reason is that she showers her family with her blessing and live. Furthermore, she gives us everything but never demand anything in return. The way she cares for everyone in the family inspires me to the same in my future.

Also, her love is not just for the family she treats every stranger and animals the same way she did to me. Due to, this she is very kind and sensible towards the environment and animals.

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Her Strengths

Although she is not physically very strong she faces every hurdle of her life and of the family too. She motivates me to be like her and never submit in difficult times. Above all, my mother encourages me to improve my all-round skills and studies. She motivates me to try again and again till I get success in it.

A Companion of Trouble

Whenever I was in trouble or scolded by dad I run towards my mother as she is the only one that can save me from them. Whether a small homework problem or a bigger problem she was always there for me.

When I was afraid of the dark she would become my light and guide me in that darkness. Also, if I can’t sleep at night she would hold my head on her lap until I fell asleep. Above all, she never leaves my side even in the hardest of times.

Every mother is special for her children. She is a great teacher, a lovely friend, a strict parent. Also, she takes cares of the need of the whole family. If there is anyone out there who loves us more than our mother is only God. Not just for my mother but for every mother out there who lives her life for her family deserves praiseworthy applause.

Frequently Asked Questions for You

Q.1 When did the Mother’s Day be celebrated in India and why?

A.1 Mother’s Day is celebrated on the Second Sunday in the month of May. It’s celebrated to appreciate the hard work that our mother’s do in their life. And the sacrifices that they make to keep their family happy.

Q.2 Why mother is so special?

A.2 They are special because they are mothers. They are the superwomen that do all the housework, teach and take care of their children, looks after her husband, do her job and at the end of the day if you ask for her help she says ‘yes’ with a smile on her face.

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Recently, the External Affairs Minister stated that India has initiated activities through its cultural centres abroad to emphasise the message that India is the mother of democracy.

About a democracy

In a democratic country, people themselves select and elect a representative as their leader.
As Abraham Lincoln famously expressed, democracy is a “government of the people, by the people, for the people”.
It is a political system where people are supreme and freedom of choice is its core.
The term ‘democracy’ originated from the Greek term ‘d?mokratía’ which means “rule of the people”.
Direct democracy is the one in which the eligible citizens directly and actively participate in the political decision-making.
Indirect democracy is the one in which the sovereign power remains with the eligible citizens and the elected representatives exercise the political power; this type of democracy is also known as democratic republic or the representative democracy .

What makes India ‘the mother of democracy’?

One of the ancient civilizations was in India. The existence of Sabhas and Samitis throughout the Vedic Period is where India’s history of democracy begins.
The word Gana also means numbers and Ganarajya will therefore mean the rule of numbers or the rule of many.
The Buddhist texts (Jatakas) also refers to the existence of many autonomous clan with a non-monarchical form of government in sixth century B.C. Notable among them were Shakyas of Kapilavastu, Lichchhavis of Vaishali, the Videhas of Mithila, etc.
“There is a small but famous village in Tamil Nadu, called Uthiramerur . An inscription on a rock here, some 1,100 or 1,200 years old, amazes the world. This rock inscription is like a mini-Constitution. It explains in detail how the gram sabha should be conducted and what should be the process of selection of its members,”.
The 12th-century Anubhav Mandapam of Bhagwan Basaveshwara . Here, free debate and discussion was encouraged.
The democratic India believes in the principles of equality, liberty, justice and fraternity .
India has a pluralistic and consultative tradition that very few societies, if anybody at all, can match.
The people from any caste, creed, sex, religion, and region have an equal right to vote and choose their representatives.
Since its inception, India has taken a progressive stance.
Indians have granted women the right to vote, protected every citizen’s fundamental rights, and incorporated the principle of the separation of powers.
Indians have also incorporated principles like secularism, which are still not widely practiced in other democracies, into the Indian Constitution from the beginning.

Features of Indian democracy

India has a parliamentary form of government based on a universal adult franchise.
The executive authority is responsible to the elected representatives of the people. Parliament for all its decisions and actions. Sovereignty rests ultimately with the people.
The legislature, which is made up of the elected government, is collectively accountable to the elected government.
In an Indian democracy, the Council of Ministers, both in the states and the centre, is collectively responsible for their respective ministers.
The judiciary is independent of the executive. It is the guardian and interpreter of the Constitution.
At the apex of the entire judicial system exists the Supreme Court of India. Each State has its own High Court.
A code of civil and criminal laws applies to the whole country.
In India, neither the parliament nor the judiciary have any precedence over the Constitution.
In contrast to many other nations, India has a written constitution which clearly defines the roles, powers, and obligations of the several departments of government and sets down the limitations within which they must operate.
The Fundamental Rights of every Indian citizen include the freedom of speech, expression, belief, assembly and association, migration, and choice of occupation or trade.
These rights also protect every Indian from discrimination on grounds of race, religion, creed or sex, and are enforceable in courts of law.

Challenges faced by Indian Democracy

The major challenge faced by democracy is the heterogeneous composition of the country as Indian society is divided on the basis of caste, religion, etc.
People in India still vote in favour of caste, community or religion.
Criminalisation of politics and political violence also create hindrance in the smooth functioning of democracy.
Manipulation of people’s verdicts by the political parties is still practised.
Factors such as corruption, women’s issues, caste issues, political strategies etc. affect politics at the national and the state level in the country.
Illiteracy is a major factor which can affect the smooth functioning of democracy in the country.
Poverty too affects the successful running of democracy.
Political and communal violence has gained serious proportions in the country.
The role of the citizens of India is most important for its democracy.
For a successful working of democracy, it is the right as well as the duty of every Indian to choose and elect the appropriate representative for the country.
Civil society has to go beyond the nation-state to renew the idea of the Earth as an imagination.
India needs a new rethink around peace. It has to go beyond the official text of security and borders.

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