a thesis statement about drugs

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II. Getting Started

2.5 Writing Thesis Statements

Kathryn Crowther; Lauren Curtright; Nancy Gilbert; Barbara Hall; Tracienne Ravita; and Kirk Swenson

To be effective, all support in an essay must work together to convey a central point; otherwise, an essay can fall into the trap of being out of order and confusing. Just as a topic sentence focuses and unifies a single paragraph, the thesis statement focuses and unifies an entire essay. This statement is like a signpost that signals the essay’s destination; it tells the reader the point you want to make in your essay, while the essay itself supports that point.

Because writing is not a linear process, you may find that the best thesis statement develops near the end of your first draft. However, creating a draft or working thesis early in the writing project helps give the drafting process clear direction. You should form your thesis before you begin to organize an essay, but you may find that it needs revision as the essay develops.

A thesis is not just a topic, but rather the writer’s comment or interpretation of the question or subject. For whatever topic you select (for example, school uniforms, social networking), you must ask yourself, “What do I want to say about it?” Asking and then answering this question is vital to forming a thesis that is precise, forceful, and confident.

In the majority of essays, a thesis is one sentence long and appears toward the end of the introductory paragraph. It is specific and focuses on one to three points of a single idea—points that are able to be demonstrated in the body paragraphs. It forecasts the content of the essay and suggests how you will organize your information. Remember that a thesis statement does not summarize an issue but rather dissects it.

Working Thesis Statements

A strong thesis statement must have the following qualities:

• It must be arguable.  A thesis statement must state a point of view or judgment about a topic. An established fact is not considered arguable.
• It must be supportable.  The thesis statement must contain a point of view that can be supported with evidence (reasons, facts, examples).
• It must be specific. A thesis statement must be precise enough to allow for a coherent argument and remain focused on the topic.

Examples of Appropriate Thesis Statements

• Closing all American borders for a period of five years is one solution that will tackle illegal immigration.
• Compared to an absolute divorce, no-fault divorce is less expensive, promotes fairer settlements, and reflects a more realistic view of the causes for marital breakdown.
• Exposing children from an early age to the dangers of drug abuse is a sure method of preventing future drug addicts.
• In today’s crumbling job market, a high school diploma is not significant enough education to land a stable, lucrative job.
• The societal and personal struggles of Troy Maxson in the play Fences symbolize the challenges of black males who lived through segregation and integration in the United States.

Pitfalls to Avoid

A thesis is weak when it is simply a declaration of your subject or a description of what you will discuss in your essay.

Weak Thesis Statement Example

My paper will explain why imagination is more important than knowledge.

A thesis is weak when it makes an unreasonable or outrageous claim or insults the opposing side.

Religious radicals across America are trying to legislate their Puritanical beliefs by banning required high school books.

A thesis is weak when it contains an obvious fact or something that no one can disagree with or provides a dead end.

Advertising companies use sex to sell their products.

A thesis is weak when the statement is too broad.

The life of Abraham Lincoln was long and challenging.

Ways to Revise Your Thesis

Your thesis statement begins as a working thesis statement, an indefinite statement that you make about your topic early in the writing process for the purpose of planning and guiding your writing. Working thesis statements often become stronger as you gather information and develop new ideas and reasons for those ideas. Revision helps you strengthen your thesis so that it matches what you have expressed in the body of the paper.

You can cut down on irrelevant aspects and revise your thesis by taking the following steps:

• Pinpoint and replace all non specific words, such as people, everything, society, or life, with more precise words in order to reduce any vagueness.

Pinpoint and Replace Example

Working thesis:  Young people have to work hard to succeed in life.

Revised thesis:  Recent college graduates must have discipline and persistence in order to find and maintain a stable job in which they can use, and be appreciated for, their talents.

Explanation:  The original includes too broad a range of people and does not define exactly what success entails. By replacing those general words like people and work hard , the writer can better focus their research and gain more direction in their writing. The revised thesis makes a more specific statement about success and what it means to work hard.

• Clarify ideas that need explanation by asking yourself questions that narrow your thesis.

Clarify Example

Working thesis:  The welfare system is a joke.

Revised thesis:  The welfare system keeps a socioeconomic class from gaining employment by alluring members of that class with unearned income, instead of programs to improve their education and skill sets.

Explanation:  A joke means many things to many people. Readers bring all sorts of backgrounds and perspectives to the reading process and would need clarification for a word so vague. This expression may also be too informal for the selected audience. By asking questions, the writer can devise a more precise and appropriate explanation for joke and more accurately defines their stance, which will better guide the writing of the essay.

• Replace any linking verbs with action verbs. Linking verbs are forms of the verb to be , a verb that simply states that a situation exists.

Replace with Action Verbs Example

Working thesis:  Kansas City school teachers are not paid enough.

Revised thesis:  The Kansas City legislature cannot afford to pay its educators, resulting in job cuts and resignations in a district that sorely needs highly qualified and dedicated teachers.

Explanation:  The linking verb in this working thesis statement is the word are . Linking verbs often make thesis statements weak because they do not express action. Rather, they connect words and phrases to the second half of the sentence. Readers might wonder, “Why are they not paid enough?” But this statement does not compel them to ask many more questions.

• Who is not paying the teachers enough?
• How much is considered “enough”?
• What is the problem?
• What are the results?
• Omit any general claims that are hard to support.

Omit General Claims Example

Working thesis:  Today’s teenage girls are too sexualized.

Revised thesis: Teenage girls who are captivated by the sexual images on the internet and social media are conditioned to believe that a woman’s worth depends on her sensuality, a feeling that harms their self-esteem and behavior.

Explanation:  It is true that some young women in today’s society are more sexualized than in the past, but that is not true for all girls. Many girls have strict parents, dress appropriately, and do not engage in sexual activity while in middle school and high school. The writer of this thesis should ask the following questions:

• Which teenage girls?
• What constitutes “too” sexualized?
• Why are they behaving that way?
• Where does this behavior show up?
• What are the repercussions?

This section contains material from:

Crowther, Kathryn, Lauren Curtright, Nancy Gilbert, Barbara Hall, Tracienne Ravita, and Kirk Swenson. Successful College Composition . 2nd ed. Book 8. Georgia: English Open Textbooks, 2016. http://oer.galileo.usg.edu/english-textbooks/8 . Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License .

Relating to lines; a way of explaining information logically and/or sequentially; can refer to the chronological relaying of information.

A brief and concise statement or series of statements that outlines the main point(s) of a longer work. To summarize is to create a brief and concise statement or series of statements that outlines the main point(s) of a longer work.

To analyze closely or minutely; to scrutinize every aspect. Unlike the fields of biology, anatomy, or medicine, in rhetoric and writing, dissect does not refer to the cutting apart of a physical body but to the taking apart the body of an argument or idea piece by piece to understand it better.

A logical, rational, lucid, or understandable expression of an idea, concept, or notion; consistent and harmonious explanation.

Assertion or announcement of belief, understanding, or knowledge; a formal statement or proclamation.

Without a defined number or limit; unlimited, infinite, or undetermined.

An altered version of  a written work. Revising means to rewrite in order to improve and make corrections. Unlike editing, which involves minor changes, revisions include major and noticeable changes to a written work.

Not relevant; unimportant; beside the point; not relating to the matter at hand.

Attractive, tempting, or seductive; to have an appealing and charismatic quality.

To influence or convince; to produce a certain or specific result through the use of force.

2.5 Writing Thesis Statements Copyright © 2022 by Kathryn Crowther; Lauren Curtright; Nancy Gilbert; Barbara Hall; Tracienne Ravita; and Kirk Swenson is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

Drug thesis statement

• Post author By Wayne Cheung
• Post date March 7, 2017
• 1 Comment on Drug thesis statement

According to the articles by Sara Childress(2016), Maia Szalavitz(2016), and M. Scott Brauer(2017), the authors state that drugs in America are a huge negative impact towards people who are living in the country. The problem with drug addiction has not only lead up to physically affecting somebody negatively, but psychologically as well.

Drug addiction can affect the brain in undesired ways. People get addicted to drugs because it can help them calm their brains, that is why Americans take heroin, or smoke marijuana.Szalavitz(2016), talks about how addiction to drugs is like a disease. But it is not like brain cancer or Alzheimer. It affects your brain differently then if you were to have a mental disorder.Being addicted to drugs can shift your mindset differently. It would make people just think about drugs as their priority and do things they might not want to do.

1 reply on “Drug thesis statement”

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According to the articles by Sara Childress(2016), Maia Szalavitz(2016), and M. Scott Brauer(2017), the authors state that drugs in America are a huge negative impact towards people who are living in the country. The problem with drug addiction has not only lead up to physically affecting somebody negatively, but psychologically as well. GREAT, SO ARE YOU SAYING THEY BELIEVE DRUGS IMPACT PEOPLE NEGATIVELY, AND YOU AGREE, BUT WANT TO PUSH IT FURTHER AND SAY IT ALSO IMPACTS PEOPLE PSYCHOLOGICALLY?

Drug addiction can affect the brain in undesired ways. People get addicted to drugs because it can help them calm their brains, that is why Americans take heroin, or smoke marijuana.Szalavitz(2016), talks about how addiction to drugs is like a disease. But it is not like brain cancer or Alzheimer. It affects your brain differently then if you were to have a mental disorder.Being addicted to drugs can shift your mindset differently. It would make people just think about drugs as their priority and do things they might not want to do. HMM…I THINK THIS IS RUSHED– I’M NOT SURE YOU’RE CLEAR ON WHAT YOUR FOCUS IS HERE. BE CAREFUL WHEN WRITING, YOU HAVE A TENDENCY TO WRITE LISTS, OR RANDOM THOUGHTS, WHICH IS FINE, BUT YOU WANT TO GO BACK AND PROOFREAD TO MAKE SURE THERE’S A UNIFYING IDEA CONNECTING THESE LISTS, IF THERE’S NOT, YOU WANT TO DELETE AND RESTATE.

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Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements

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Tips for Writing Your Thesis Statement

1. Determine what kind of paper you are writing:

• An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience.
• An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the audience.
• An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a policy proposal, an evaluation, a cause-and-effect statement, or an interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince the audience that the claim is true based on the evidence provided.

If you are writing a text that does not fall under these three categories (e.g., a narrative), a thesis statement somewhere in the first paragraph could still be helpful to your reader.

2. Your thesis statement should be specific—it should cover only what you will discuss in your paper and should be supported with specific evidence.

3. The thesis statement usually appears at the end of the first paragraph of a paper.

4. Your topic may change as you write, so you may need to revise your thesis statement to reflect exactly what you have discussed in the paper.

Thesis Statement Examples

Example of an analytical thesis statement:

The paper that follows should:

• Explain the analysis of the college admission process
• Explain the challenge facing admissions counselors

Example of an expository (explanatory) thesis statement:

• Explain how students spend their time studying, attending class, and socializing with peers

Example of an argumentative thesis statement:

• Present an argument and give evidence to support the claim that students should pursue community projects before entering college

The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women Analytical Essay

Introduction, the war on drugs as the war against black women, works cited.

The war on drugs is often associated with controversy. Issues of gender and race have been raised on numerous occasions in the war against drugs. The war on drugs was declared in the United States over three decades ago, and individuals of color have been greatly affected by this war.

The policies that have been put in place in the war on drugs have exhibited a discriminatory element. In particular, black women and individuals from the minority groups have been targeted in this war. In this case, such individuals are predisposed to harassment from the state officials.

It can be noted that black women have been made to bear the brunt of police cruelties in the name of war on drugs. Considering the plight of black women in the war on drugs, this paper discusses the concept of war on drugs as the war against black women.

The period between 1986 and 1991 was a critical time for the African American community as a whole. At this time, the community was facing a high amount of oppression making them take out their frustration on the use of drugs. Essentially, top of the list of substance abusers were the black females who recorded twice the number of drug offences compared to their male counterparts. Despite the high number of black women incarcerated for drug abuse, authorities do not place emphasis on this issue.

Criminologists often focus on male oriented cases ignoring the plight of the female community. Feminists specialized in criminology have thus dubbed the exclusion of black female drug offenders as discriminatory policies. This has given rise the campaign that accuse criminologist on the war on drugs as the war against black women (Bush-Baskette, p. 5).

The legislations on drugs have been known to affect the black women more than any other group. It has been established that the black women form the rapidly expanding population that is arrested on drug related offences.

Notably, from the late 1980s, the number of black women who have been arrested on drug related offences increased by 800%. This was double the rate of women from other racial groups. In New York, the percentage of black women arrested on drug offences was over 90% while they make barely a third of the women population in the state (Bush-Baskette, p. 43).

The early form of the war on drugs constituted of the arrest of low level drug users and dealers, as opposed to high-ranking people in the trade. This removed the attention from the drug lords who control the dynamics of the industry across the globe.

Another issue regarding the control of drug use was the misrepresentation and improper recording of the people arrested. Fabricated statistics saw the Increase in the number of blacks arrested for the use of drugs and the decrease in the arrest of whites. This triggered a national out raw which advocated for the equal treatment of all races regarding the eradication of drugs.

Women may get involved in drug dealings due to similar reasons as the male culprits. Nonetheless, there are certain gender-specific aspects that should be considered. It can be observed that black women are faced with various forms of oppressions and thus find it difficult to support their families.

In this case, they are forced to engage in street crimes for survival. Most of these women become involved with males who are drug traffickers and find themselves using the prohibited drugs. These women are often threatened with violence and abusive relationship if they refuse to cooperate with their male partners in drug activities (Bush-Baskette, p. 14).

Though the drug trade is said to be profitable, it can be observed that women do not accrue the benefits associated with this trade is equal measure to their male counterparts. Indeed it has been established that women are likely to spend more time in prison on drug related crimes compared to the male dealers. This is because women are likely not able to reveal their male accomplices to earn shorter sentence. On the other hand, males are known to reveal their female counterparts in the trade when required to do so (Chesney-Lind, p. 37).

Heroin was mostly abused by blacks as opposed to whites faring differently from marijuana which was consumed equality by both blacks and whites. The term the war on drugs as the war on women is used to display the level of disregard the society has for the welfare of the black women.

Women associated with drug use recorded fewer cases of the application of force and violence during their consumption or purchase. Poverty and unemployment are the leading factors for the reason of drug on both male and female cases (Stevens and Wexler, p. 28).

The state of Florida recorded drug peddling as the single most recurring primary offence in the years of 1993-1994. Drug peddling was the main offence reported in the criminal files and records. These records only represent the cases concerning drug use, as opposed to drug use accompanied with lesser charges (Nelson, p. 184).

An analysis of the statistics of the incarcerated women lists black women who take the lead representing 51% of the population. Black males take the second slot recording 49% of the country’s population. In the third position are white women who record a competitive 43%. White males take the last slot recording 38% representing the lowest group in reference to the consumption of drugs (Gartner and Kruttschnitt, p. 29).

The police and state authorities are often accused of racial profiling when it comes to war on drugs. This is because there are significant racial disparities observed in arresting, convicting, and incarcerating black women. Arrest, conviction, and incarceration depend on the discretion of the law enforcers in their war on drugs. It is assumed that black women are vessels for prohibited drugs. In this case, the black women are often perceived by the law enforcers as couriers in the drug trade (Stevens and Wexler, p. 19).

Consequently, these women are targeted by the state and federal officers for strip search aimed at identifying drugs. Therefore, black women have been stereotypes as possible drug dealers. It has been established that black women are most likely to be subjected to X-rays after being frisked than white women. On the contrary, the chance of finding black women with contraband products is half compared to white women who stand a high chance of carrying contraband products (Bush-Baskette, p. 45).

Black women are often exposed to regular and offensive strips and searches by the law enforcement agents in the war against drugs. The war on drugs has gone to the extreme. Enhanced surveillance and policing of the reproduction of black women has been reported in the fight against drugs.

Essentially, discriminatory testing of black women who are pregnant to establish drug use is carried out by state officials. Also, there is enhanced surveillance and policing of poor women of African descent under the guise of monitoring child abuse and neglect. This can be argued as being part of a wider scheme in the protracted war on drugs (Bush-Baskette, p. 32).

It is estimated that about two hundred women in over thirty states have faced prosecution on drug related crimes. In some instances, child or fetal abuse is associated with the use of drugs when the woman is pregnant.

In South Carolina State, there is legislation that women who use drugs during while pregnant can be charged with child abuse. In this case, such women are reported to the state authorities by their doctors. Instead of offering rehabilitation services to such women, they are arrested and prosecuted based on child abuse laws (Bush-Baskette, p. 51).

In conclusion, the fight against drugs has come a long way for the time of its rise in the ten years ago. The U.S. has the greatest number of consumers owing to a number of factors. This rate has been on the rise due to the political, social and economic factors experienced today.

Top of the list are black women who are notorious for the frequent consumption of the substance. This is not ideal because a large number of the same culprits are single mothers. It is thus ideal for authorities to place more emphasis on black women so as to tackle the bulk of the problem.

Bush-Baskette, Stephanie. Misguided Justice: The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women . Bloomington, IN: Universe, Inc, 2010. Print.

Chesney-Lind, Meda. Girls, Women, and Crime: Selected Readings . London [u.a.: SAGE, 2004. Print.

Gartner, Rosemary, and Candace Kruttschnitt. Marking Time in the Golden State: Women’s Imprisonment in California . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Print.

Nelson, Jennifer. Women of Color and the Reproductive Rights Movement . New York [u.a.: New York Univ. Press, 2003. Print.

Stevens, Sally J. and Harry K. Wexler. Women and Substance Abuse: Gender Transparency . New York: Routledge, 1998. Print.

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IvyPanda. (2024, March 1). The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-war-on-drugs/

"The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women." IvyPanda , 1 Mar. 2024, ivypanda.com/essays/the-war-on-drugs/.

IvyPanda . (2024) 'The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women'. 1 March.

IvyPanda . 2024. "The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women." March 1, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-war-on-drugs/.

1. IvyPanda . "The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women." March 1, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-war-on-drugs/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "The War on Drugs and the Incarceration of Black Women." March 1, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-war-on-drugs/.

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Therapeutic Potential of Lyophilized MSC-Derived Exosomes for Aβ-Inflamed hiPSCs

• Description

Sanchez, Nicolas (author)

text bachelor thesis

Modern methods of drug delivery have been in development since the 1950s. The first of these was the Spansule ®, which was a sustained drug release capsule capable of delivering a drug for up to 12 hours after oral administration. The 1980s saw the introduction of longer acting injectable and implantable drug delivery options with time ranges of days to months or even years. The improvements in the timespan over which drugs could be released were accompanied by developments in the classes of drugs that could be administered. Initially, only small molecules could be released by such systems but the introduction of PEGylated proteins and drug-polymer complexes in the ‘70s and ‘90s made protein and peptide based drugs feasible [1]. Despite the many benefits of long term drug delivery systems, many of these systems still fall prey to the drawbacks of nonspecific drug delivery. Mainly, these are: a lack of drug affinity for the target site, a need for a large drug dose in order to achieve a high local concentration of drug, and nonspecific toxicity and other adverse side effects arising from large drug doses [2]. Researchers have increasingly sought to mitigate these undesirable effects by creating drug delivery systems with better targeting capabilities.

Exosomes, extracellular vesicles, lyophilization, amyloid beta, trehalose, drug delivery, inflammation, EVs, EV storage

https://doi.org/10.33009/FSU_00635805-31fb-4afc-b676-7ab4b6ad8363

honors_thesis_submission-00635805-31fb-4afc-b676-7ab4b6ad8363 10.33009/FSU_00635805-31fb-4afc-b676-7ab4b6ad8363

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Nichushkin banned 6 months for reported failed drug test

Colorado Avalanche forward Valeri Nichushkin will be unavailable for the remainder of the 2024 Stanley Cup Playoffs after entering stage 3 of the NHL/NHLPA player assistance program, the league announced Monday.

"Under the terms of the joint program, Nichushkin will be suspended without pay for a minimum of six months and then will be eligible to apply for reinstatement," the NHL's statement reads.

Nichushkin recently failed a drug test, sources told Daily Faceoff's Frank Seravalli .

The 29-year-old missed 22 games during the 2023-24 regular season while in the player assistance program.

If he violates the stage 3 treatment plan, Nichushkin will enter stage 4 and be suspended without pay for at least one year, and reinstatement will not be guaranteed.

Nichushkin missed Games 3-7 of the Avalanche's Round 1 series against the Seattle Kraken in 2023 for what was deemed "personal reasons" after an incident at a Seattle hotel. A team doctor found an intoxicated woman in his hotel room the day of Game 3 and called an ambulance to transport her to a hospital, per a Seattle police report. Nichushkin didn't face any criminal charges and apparently would've been cleared to play in Round 2 had the Avs advanced.

The power forward will be sorely missed by the Avalanche. He recorded 53 points in 54 games during the regular season and is tied for the league lead with nine goals in eight games so far this postseason.

"Val, obviously, is struggling with something," Avalanche coach Jared Bednar said following Colorado's 5-1 loss in Game 4 without Nichushkin. "I have two thoughts. Yeah, it sucks for our team. We've gotta turn the page. We gotta go play way better than we did today. ...

"The second one is I've gotten to know Val as a person and I've gotten to know him as one of our teammates and a player and I want what's best of him."

Nichushkin's nameplate was already replaced in the Avs' locker room.

"He made his decisions," teammate Jack Johnson said, per The Denver Post's Corey Masisak . "That's all I'm going to say on that. He made his decisions."

The Avalanche signed Nichushkin to an eight-year, $49-million extension in July 2022.

The Russian winger has played nine NHL seasons, recording 274 points in 512 games. He was drafted 10th overall by Dallas in 2013 and spent four seasons with the Stars before signing with Colorado as a free agent in 2019.

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FTC Expands Patent Listing Challenges, Targeting More Than 300 Junk Listings for Diabetes, Weight Loss, Asthma and COPD Drugs

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Today, the Federal Trade Commission expanded its campaign against pharmaceutical manufacturers’ improper or inaccurate listing of patents in the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Orange Book, disputing junk patent listings for diabetes, weight loss, asthma, and COPD drugs, including Novo Nordisk Inc.’s blockbuster weight-loss drug, Ozempic.

The Commission sent warning letters to 10 companies and notified the FDA that it disputes the accuracy or relevance of more than 300 Orange Book patent listings across 20 different brand name products. These patent listings are currently listed in the FDA’s publication of “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations,” commonly known as the Orange Book, which lists drug products approved by the FDA as safe and effective.

To promote competition, the FTC said it is disputing these patent listings as improper or inaccurate. Improper Orange Book patent listings can delay cheaper generic alternatives from entering the market, keeping brand name drug prices artificially high.

“By filing bogus patent listings, pharma companies block competition and inflate the cost of prescription drugs, forcing Americans to pay sky-high prices for medicines they rely on,” said FTC Chair Lina M. Khan. “By challenging junk patent filings, the FTC is fighting these illegal tactics and making sure that Americans can get timely access to innovative and affordable versions of the medicines they need.”

The warning letters were sent to:

• AstraZeneca and Novo Nordisk for obesity and type-2 diabetes injectable drugs
• Boehringer Ingelheim, Covis Pharma, Glaxo-Smith Kline, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and some of their subsidiaries for asthma and COPD inhalers
• Amphastar Pharmaceuticals Inc. for a glucagon nasal spray to treat severe hypoglycemia in type-1 diabetics

When the listing of a patent is disputed under FDA regulations, as the FTC has done here, the FDA will send the dispute to the branded drug manufacturer who will then have 30 days to withdraw or amend the listing, or certify under penalty of perjury that the listing complies with applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

“It is the responsibility of branded drug manufacturers to ensure that Orange Book submissions contain information only on the types of patents for which information should be submitted to FDA,” said FDA Commissioner Robert M. Califf, M.D. “The FDA will continue to engage with the FTC to identify and address potential efforts to impede competition so that consumers can get access to the medicines they need.” 

The FTC’s latest patent listing dispute filings come after the Commission  challenged over 100 patent listings in November for medications specific to asthma and other inhaler devices, Restasis multidose bottles, and epinephrine autoinjectors. The Commission’s November challenges led to Kaleo Inc., Impax Labs, GlaxoSmithKline, and Glaxo Group delisting patents in response to the FTC’s warning letters. Subsequently, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and GlaxoSmithKline all announced commitments to cap inhaler out-of-pocket costs at $35.

In September 2023, the FTC issued a  policy statement that warned that the agency would be scrutinizing the improper submission of patents for listing in the Orange Book. According to the policy statement, costs associated with challenging improperly listed patents can disincentivize investments in developing generic drugs, which risks delaying or thwarting competitive generic alternatives. 

The Federal Trade Commission develops policy initiatives on issues that affect competition, consumers, and the U.S. economy. The FTC will never demand money, make threats, tell you to transfer money, or promise you a prize. Follow the  FTC on social media , read  consumer alerts  and the  business blog , and  sign up to get the latest FTC news and alerts .

Press Release Reference

Contact information, media contact.

Victoria Graham Office of Public Affairs 415-848-5121

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Wabc radio ceo defends decision to drop rudy giuliani from airwaves, breaking news.

Leah McSweeney & Brandi Glanville’s Lawyers Throw Stones At Probe Clearing Andy Cohen Of Drugs, Drink & Sexual Harassment Claims

By Dominic Patten

Dominic Patten

Executive Editor, Legal, Labor & Politics

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EXCLUSIVE: Less than a week before NBCUniversal ’s big pitch to advertisers in the Big Apple, Andy Cohen the jewel in the media giant’s Reality TV crown isn’t shining so bright after all.

Despite Bravo’s insistence that an investigation by an outside party has cleared the Real Housewives franchise boss of “unsubstantiated” allegations of cocaine use, alcohol abuse, and sexual harassment, attorneys for Leah McSweeney and Brandi Glanville say it’s all a sham.

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“How do you have an investigation without speaking with to anyone?” McSweeney’s main lawyer added, declaring that their client was never interviewed by the outside investigation law firm. “Our opinion is that no one is going to believe this was a real investigation.”

“I am looking forward to reviewing the details of report from the ‘independent’ investigation,” Glanville’s attorney Bryan Freedman declared. “Since there was no finding of wrongdoing, there, of course, would be no need to hide or otherwise bury the findings.”

“NBC did not speak with the complaining witnesses,” Freedman said also of his client. “How is that an investigation?” Writing to NBCU and Warner Bros Discovery brass on February 22, Glanville claimed she was sexual harassed by a video from Watch What Happens Live!  host Cohen in 2022 telling Glanville that he, an openly gay man, wanted her to watch him have sex with “another  Bravo  star that night” and more. Later that day Cohen said the video with he and Kate Chastain was meant as a “joke” but still “totally inappropriate and I apologize.”

McSweeney took to social media the same day to further pull back the veil and state: “Your favorite Bravo shows are run by people who create a dangerous work environment, encourage substance abuse to artificially create drama and cynically prey on the vulnerabilities of their employees.”

Cohen’s own lawyers at Gibson Dunn threatened to go after McSweeney herself if she didn’t “immediately retract and withdraw” the allegations. She didn’t and they haven’t made a legal move of their own.

With the Bravo statement of that probe exonerating Cohen, McSweeney’s attorney Adelman scoffed and added: “We look forward to reviewing all of the interviews, evidence and final reports of the investigation that NBCU conducted, when we receive them during the Discovery phase of the lawsuit.”

While sources at NBCU say the outside investigators did try to talk to McSweeney and Glanville via their lawyers, Bravo had no comment on if they had reached out to the two women or their attorneys. The NBCU unit also would not release a copy of the report into Cohen’s behavior, citing attorney/client privilege.  

If NBCU do send a comment we will update this post.

With What Happens Live picked up until the end of 2025 and a boatload of the lucrative Real Housewives shows renewed today, Cohen may seem as secure as anyone can be in Hollywood. And perhaps he is going into the May 13 th NBCU up front, but, despite the company proclaiming any look into claims of his misbehavior all handled, this is nowhere near over.

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There's a new COVID-19 variant called FLiRT: Here's what you need to know about it

A new set of COVID-19 variants , nicknamed FLiRT, has been detected in wastewater surveillance, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

From April 14 through April 27, the variant, labeled KP.2, makes up about 25% of the cases in the United States, according to the CDC. That makes it the new dominant variant in the country, overtaking JN.1. The JN.1 variant , which spread globally over the winter, made up 22% of COVID-19 cases in the U.S. in the same two-week span.

KP.1.1, another FLiRT variant that is circulating, made up about 7.5% of COVID-19 cases in that two-week span, according to CDC data.

Megan L. Ranney, dean of the Yale School of Public Health, told WebMD that FLiRT has some concerning features , like changes in the spike protein, which play a role in helping SARS-CoV-2 colonize the body and make people sick.

According to the CDC, only 22.6% of adults reported having received an updated 2023-24 COVID-19 vaccine since September 2023. Data also shows that vaccination coverage increased by age and was highest among adults 75 and older.

“We’ve got a population of people with waning immunity, which increases our susceptibility to a wave,” Thomas A. Russo, chief of infectious disease at the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University of Buffalo, told WebMD.

"The CDC is tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants KP.2 and KP.1.1, sometimes referred to as 'FLiRT,' and working to better understand their potential impact on public health," the agency said in an emailed statement to USA TODAY Wednesday.

"Currently, KP.2 is the dominant variant in the United States, but laboratory testing data indicate low levels of SARS-CoV-2 transmission overall at this time. That means that while KP.2 is proportionally the most predominant variant, it is not causing an increase in infections as transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is low," the CDC said in the statement.

New COVID-19 guidelines: CDC shortens COVID-19 isolation period. What to know about new guidelines

Symptoms of COVID 'FLiRT' variant

According to the CDC, there are "no current indicators" that KP.2 would cause more severe illness than other strains. The agency said it would continue to monitor community transmission of the virus and how vaccines perform against this strain.

The "FLiRT" variant reportedly has similar symptoms to those from JN.1 which include:

• Fever or chills
• Sore throat
• Congestion or runny nose
• Muscle aches
• Difficulty breathing
• New loss of taste or smell
• "Brain fog" (feeling less wakeful and aware)
• Gastrointestinal symptoms (upset stomach, mild diarrhea, vomiting)

The CDC notes that the list does not include all possible symptoms and that symptoms may change with new variants and can vary by person.

In general, the agency says, people with COVID-19 have a wide range of symptoms , ranging from mild to severe illness. Symptoms may appear two to 14 days after exposure.

Latest COVID guidance from the CDC

In March 2024, the CDC updated its COVID-19 guidance so people who test positive for the virus will no longer be directed to isolate at home for five days.

Health officials announced a new policy focusing on actions people can take to reduce spreading a variety of common respiratory viruses, such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and COVID-19. Those actions include staying home when sick, staying up to date with vaccines, practicing good hygiene and improving indoor air quality.

The change marked the first time the agency has revised its coronavirus guidelines since 2021. It is intended for people and employers, not for hospitals or nursing homes that have separate guidance, the CDC said.

CDC officials called the change a streamlined approach that’s easier for people to understand and more in line with circulating respiratory viruses that spread the same way and have similar symptoms. 

Contributing: Eduardo Cuevas, Adrianna Rodriguez, Ken Alltucker, Mary Walrath-Holdridge and Mike Snider

Gabe Hauari is a national trending news reporter at USA TODAY. You can follow him on X  @GabeHauari  or email him at [email protected].

FDA issues recall statement after insulin pump-related iOS app causes injuries

The Food and Drug Administration has issued a statement following the Class I recall for an iOS app used in conjunction with insulin pumps after 224 injuries were reported.

The mobile app is version 2.7 of t:connect, which functions with the t:slim X2 insulin pump with Control-IQ technology. While the FDA says the recall is a correction rather than a product removal, more than 86,000 devices have already been recalled in the U.S.

According to the FDA , Tandem Diabetes Care, the company behind the app, issued the recall because of an issue with the software that may result in the app's crashing and automatically relaunching repeatedly. That leads to excessive Bluetooth communication, which could drain the battery life of the insulin pump, causing it to shut down abruptly.

Such a shutdown could delay insulin delivery to the body and cause life-threatening injuries and conditions like hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis.

The FDA statement said Tandem Diabetes Care sent all affected users a letter asking them to update the software to version 2.7.1 or later, which is available for download in the Apple App Store. Customers are then to complete an online form confirming receipt of the notice and are expected to monitor the pump battery level closely at all times.

The FDA also encourages users to carry backup supplies for insulin delivery should pump failure persist.

Customers with any questions or concerns about the recall can reach Tandem Diabetes Care at (877) 801-6901.

Noah Osborne is a news associate with NBC News Digital.