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Oral hygiene can reduce risk of some cancers

April 18, 2024—A healthy mouth microbiome can help prevent a number of diseases, including cancer , according to Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health’s Mingyang Song .

Song, associate professor of clinical epidemiology and nutrition, was among the experts quoted in an April 4 Everyday Health article about the connections between mouth, gum, and tooth health and overall health. “Alterations in the oral microbiome can cause systemic inflammation and increase disease risk indirectly,” Song explained. Microbes in the mouth can also travel to other parts of the body and directly increase the risk of conditions like diabetes , heart disease , Alzheimer’s disease , and various cancers, he added.

Previous studies co-authored by Song have shed light on the oral microbiome’s impacts on the risk of stomach and colorectal cancers. One study found that people with a history of gum disease have a 52% greater chance of developing stomach cancer compared with those without gum disease, and that losing two or more teeth raised stomach cancer risk by 33%. Another study found that people with gum disease had a 17% greater chance than those without gum disease of developing a serrated polyp—a type of polyp that can lead to colon cancer. The study also found that people who had lost at least four teeth had a 20% higher risk of a serrated polyp.

The takeaway, Song said, is to keep the mouth microbiome healthy. This can be accomplished through practicing oral hygiene—visiting the dentist regularly and brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash daily—as well as maintaining an overall healthy lifestyle through diet , exercise , and avoiding smoking .

Read the article in Everyday Health: The Health of Your Mouth May Affect Your Risk of Colorectal Cancer

– Maya Brownstein

Image: iStock/fizkes

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Daily showers are purely ‘performative’ and have no real health benefit, experts insist.

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Call it perfume-ative hygiene.

Experts say the daily shower has no proven health benefit, dismissing the dousing as a socially-accepted practice geared toward staving off accusations of funkiness — as A-listers like Jake Gyllenhaal to Mila Kunis admit they’ve been saying no to the nozzle.

“Why are we washing? Mostly because we’re afraid somebody else will tell us that we’re smelling,” environmentalist Donnachadh McCarthy told the BBC.

The “Prostitute State” author only hoses off once per month to help the environment — a lifestyle choice inspired by spending two weeks in the Amazon with the indigenous Yanomami people, he said.

Every other morning, McCarthy told a reporter, he opts instead for a wash at the sink, using a cloth to give his body a good scrub.

And while abstaining from daily showers might seem like antisocial behavior, medical experts are inclined to lean toward agreeing with earthy types like McCarthy, saying that the modern obsession with cleanliness can actually be hazardous to one’s health.

Manhattan dermatologist Dr. Julie Russak  previously told The Post that prolonged and daily showers could strip away the “skin’s microbiome,” which plays a role in protecting the skin and is “also extremely important in overall health of the body.”

Chemist David Whitlock was so adamant about preserving this dermal barrier that the bathing abstainer didn’t showe r for 12 years, instead opting to spray himself with good bacteria.

When asked about addressing critics, he told Vice: “Tell anyone who mocks you that they are betraying profound ignorance of the skin microbiome, and then walk away.”

The anti-splash backlash comes as people are actually showering more than ever before.

In 2021, researchers at  Harvard Health found that 66% of Americans shower every day, while a 2005 report claims that it is common for Brits to shower once or twice per day.

“We wash our bodies so much more than we did in the past,” Dale Southerton, Professor of Sociology of Consumption at the University of Bristol, who co-authored the report, told the Beeb.

“The change has mostly come about over the past 100 years, and it was not planned. In fact, it seems to have happened almost by accident.”

Experts have chalked up this phenomenon to the increasing prevalence of showers, which became common in US homes circa the 1920s — and in their across the pond counterparts in the 1950s.

“If you go 100 years back, we didn’t shower every day, because the shower was not a normal thing to have,” Professor Kristen Gram-Hanssen from the Department of the Build Environment of Aalborg University in Denmark declared.

“We don’t shower because of health. We shower because it’s a normal thing to do.”

Throw in the societal stigma of not showering, and it’s no secret people are irrigating their epidermises on the reg.

Sally Bloomfield, honorary professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine claimed that people shower every day because it’s “socially acceptable.”

So how much should you really shower? That depends.

“There is no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to washing skin and hair,” Seattle dermatologist Joyce Park  told The New York Times  in a 2023 report.

“The ideal frequency depends on your skin and hair type, how much you sweat and how dirty you get.”

Experts advise people who have drier skin — or suffer from conditions such as eczema — to take shorter, less frequent showers, as this can damage their aforementioned skin microbiome.

If one does feel the need to shower daily — after work or a workout — they should focus “only in the areas that have higher concentrations of sweat accumulation,” Dr. Russak explained.

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Health and hygiene

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Health and hygiene. By : Monil kaneria [ 6E]. some images of diseases. DISEASES.

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• third stage fever
• low blood pressure
• important component
• tuberculosistuberculosis
• gastric fever

Presentation Transcript

Health and hygiene By : Monilkaneria [ 6E]

some images of diseases

DISEASES • 1.a disordered or incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure,or system of the body resulting from the effect of genetic ordevelopmental errors, infection, poisons, nutritionaldeficiency or imbalance, toxicity, or unfavorableenvironmental factors; illness; sickness; ailment. • 2.any abnormal condition in a plant that interferes with its vitalphysiological processes, caused by pathogenicmicroorganisms, parasites, unfavorableenvironmental,genetic, or nutritional factors, etc. • 3.any harmful, depraved, or morbid condition, as of the mind orsociety: His fascination with executions is a disease. • 4.decomposition of a material under special circumstances: tindisease.

Diseases caused by bacteria • Major Diseases Caused by Bacteria • Bubonic PlagueBubonic plague is another life-threatening disease caused by bacteria. The bacteria that cause the plague are the yersiniapestis variety. The different kinds of bubonic plague include the common form that spreads through certain rats and fleas. Sepsis is a form of the disease when the bloodstream is infected with the bacterium. Pneumonic plague refers to a condition when the bacterium infects the lungs. And, the most harmless form is called the abortive form. The fever persists for a while, before abating. The incubation period for the infections that are life-threatening range from 2 to 7 days. 

CholeraThe term indicates 'flow of bile', in Greek. It is an intestinal infection caused by the vibriocholerae bacteria that contaminates food stuff and water. Cholera is a diarrheal disease that is, spread via consumption of undercooked food, deficiency of hydrochloric acid and poor hygiene. The symptoms only surface around three days after infection sets in. The signs include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, severe dehydration, dryness in the mouth and skin, low urination, low blood pressure, fatigue and nausea. In the absence of timely treatment, the patient can die in a matter of hours.

PertussisPertussis is also referred to as 'whooping cough'. The bacteria that spread this disease are referred to as bordetellapertussis. The disease takes a toll on the immune system of younger people within 6 weeks. The symptoms of Pertussis include nausea, severe coughing, and fever. The term 'whooping cough' is the result of the sound that the patient makes while coughing. Sadly, the disease spreads in underdeveloped regions of the world, where the access rate of the expensive antibiotics is highly questionable.

Typhoid FeverAlso known as gastric fever, abdominal typhus, infantile remittent fever, slow fever, untreated typhoid fever progresses in four individual stages, each lasting approximately one week. A characteristic symptom of typhoid is a slowly progressive fever, as high as 40 °C (104 °F), gastroenteritis, profuse sweating and sometimes rash is also observed. Diarrhea and constipation can occur. By the third stage fever becomes very high and dehydration ensues. Fatal complications like Internal bleeding or intestinal hemorrhage may also occur. A course of antibiotics is prescribed to treat typhoid. Improvement in the patient's condition is observed after 1-2 days of antibiotics and a complete recovery is possible after 7-10 days. fever may be spread through poor hygiene habits and public sanitation conditions, and sometimes also by flying insects feeding on feces. Public education campaigns encouraging people to wash their hands after defecating and before handling food are an important component in controlling spread of the disease.

TuberculosisTuberculosis is an infectious disease. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis are called mycobacterium tuberculosis. People with TB or tuberculosis cough excessively and suffer a terrible pain in the chest. They cough up blood and display excessive weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite and a persistent fever. TB spreads from the infected person to others in the peripheral. When the patient sneezes, coughs or spits, the bacteria infect those around. Latent tuberculosis is a condition in which the infected person remains unaware of the infection because of milder symptoms. But, the condition becomes active very often, threatening the patient's life span in the absence of proper antibiotics. Pulmonary tuberculosis affects a person's lungs, while military tuberculosis results in infection of the lungs that slowly spreads to the heart, liver and brain. Tuberculosis, also affects the skin and bones.

List of Diseases Caused by Bacteria

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What is ‘oil pulling,’ and is it good for your teeth?

Consumer Reports has no financial relationship with any advertisers on this site.

The practice of oil pulling involves swishing a small amount of cooking oil in your mouth with the goal of improving oral health. Originally an ancient ayurvedic technique , it has drawn growing interest more recently, racking up millions of views on TikTok .

Because oils such as coconut, sunflower and sesame are thought to have antimicrobial properties , swishing with these oils could, in theory, reduce the incidence of germ-related dental problems such as gingivitis and cavities.

Some research suggests oil pulling might have limited benefits for certain aspects of oral health. Yet experts caution it shouldn’t be used in place of standard dental hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, and people should never opt for oil pulling as a replacement for evidence-based treatments for serious dental issues.

The evidence on oil pulling

The research on oil pulling is mixed, and there aren’t enough large-scale scientific trials to demonstrate that it can effectively promote dental health. One meta-analysis reported that while oil pulling may indeed reduce bacteria in the mouth, it doesn’t have a significant effect on plaque or gingivitis. Another analysis compared oil pulling to rinsing with an antimicrobial prescription mouthwash, chlorhexidine, and found that chlorhexidine was superior to oil pulling for reducing plaque and bacteria in the mouth. The overall quality of evidence was low, however.

Some dental trends, such as brushing with charcoal and lemon juice for whitening purposes, could pose significant harm to your teeth. By contrast, swishing food-safe oil in your mouth is unlikely to be detrimental, says Matthew J. Messina, a consumer adviser spokesperson for the American Dental Association and an assistant professor and clinic director at Ohio State Upper Arlington Dentistry in Columbus, Ohio.

“If a patient with excellent oral hygiene and healthy gums and teeth tells me they’re oil-pulling, there’s no reason to stop doing it,” he says.

But oil pulling may be risky if it’s done as a replacement for other dental best practices, such as brushing, flossing and visiting the dentist. While oil pulling may reduce overall bacteria in the mouth, Messina says, it’s likely not as effective as mechanical brushing in removing plaque from teeth. And swishing oil around probably won’t reach tight crevices between your teeth, where gingivitis-causing bacteria often linger. That’s why flossing is essential.

It’s also not a good idea to treat gum disease or cavities with oil pulling. “You can cause more harm than good by trying to treat things on your own,” says Amelia E. Hartzell, a dentist with UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry and UT Dentists. “It’s a better idea to talk to your dentist, who can help you.” Infections in your mouth, Messina adds, should be treated by a medical professional, who may suggest prescription antibiotics.

Dental best practices

It may sound boring, but brushing and flossing are the most reliable ways to maintain oral health. If you want to mix it up, you can throw in a fluoride mouthwash , which studies show can reduce inflammation and bacteria if used properly.

Hartzell recommends twice-daily brushing with a soft-bristled brush and fluoride toothpaste, which strengthens the porous outer layer of your teeth to prevent cavities. Angle your brush toward your gum line and brush in small circles for two minutes. “An electric toothbrush can help with the motion, and all you have to do is angle it,” says Hartzell. Aim to floss at least once a day to remove soft food debris, or plaque, between teeth before it calcifies and causes gum disease or cavities.

Diet, Hartzell says, can also play a role in maintaining dental health. Cavity-causing bacteria feed on sugar, so try to reduce your overall sugar intake. When you do eat sugar, wait about 30 minutes before you brush your teeth to let your saliva dissipate the sugar on your teeth; Hartzell says sugar breaks down enamel, and brushing too soon could wear down your enamel faster. Carbonated beverages — even ones that don’t contain sugar — are known to break down enamel, which can increase your risk of cavities and cause teeth sensitivity.

See your dentist on a regular basis, too. While Messina says most people should get a dental exam and cleaning twice a year, people with dental problems may need to visit more often for treatment and preventive care. Either way, your dentist is the best resource for how to keep your mouth healthy. “Find a dental home, a place where you’re comfortable and get good, evidence-based advice,” says Messina. And if you love oil pulling, it’s unlikely to cause any harm — but you can also consider saving the cooking oils for cooking.

Copyright 2024, Consumer Reports Inc.

Consumer Reports is an independent, nonprofit organization that works side by side with consumers to create a fairer, safer, and healthier world. CR does not endorse products or services, and does not accept advertising. Read more at ConsumerReports.org .

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Personal Hygiene Habits for Kids

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