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critical review of synthesis toxicology and detection of acyclovir

Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s abilit...

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Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

Affiliations.

  • 1 School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
  • 2 Zhuzhou People's Hospital, Zhuzhou 412001, China.
  • 3 Hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, China.
  • PMID: 34770975
  • PMCID: PMC8587948
  • DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216566

Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV's ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive summary of the existing preparation methods and synthetic materials, such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, guanine and its derivatives, and other purine derivatives, is presented to elucidate the preparation of ACV in detail. In addition, it presents valuable analytical procedures for the toxicological studies of ACV, which are essential for human use and dosing. Analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), electrochemical sensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and flow injection-chemiluminescence (FI-CL) are also highlighted. A brief description of the characteristics of each of these methods is also presented. Finally, insight is provided for the development of ACV to drive further innovation of ACV in pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV.

Keywords: acyclovir; analytical methods; pharmacology; synthesis; toxicology.

Publication types

  • Acyclovir / adverse effects*
  • Acyclovir / analysis*
  • Acyclovir / chemical synthesis
  • Antiviral Agents / adverse effects*
  • Antiviral Agents / analysis*
  • Antiviral Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Molecular Structure
  • Antiviral Agents

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Author information, affiliations.

  • Suwannoi P 1
  • Sarisuta N 1
  • Chomnawang M 2
  • Müller-Goymann CC 3

ORCIDs linked to this article

  • Reichl S | 0000-0001-8344-9070
  • Chomnawang M | 0000-0002-3200-9259

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Abstract 

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Read article at publisher's site: https://doi.org/10.1089/jop.2017.0057

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COMMENTS

  1. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV's ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive ...

  2. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV's ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its ...

  3. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology. and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely ...

  4. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV's ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology, and provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV. Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe ...

  5. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip Technology for Advancement of Drug Development and Toxicology. Caplin JD , Granados NG , James MR , Montazami R , Hashemi N. Adv Healthc Mater, (10):1426-1450 2015. MED: 25820344.

  6. PDF Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir Yan-Ping Wei, Liang-Yuan Yao, Yi-Yong Wu, Xia Liu, Li-Hong Peng, Ya-Ling Tian, Jian-Hua Ding, Kang-Hua Li and Quan-Guo He Review ... Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir Keywords: acyclovir; pharmacology; synthesis; toxicology; analytical methods ...

  7. Therapeutic monitoring of serum concentrations of acyclovir and its

    The ratio of trough metabolite and acyclovir concentrations ranged from 0.07 to 0.63 and the ratio of peak concentrations from 0.03 to 0.24. Patients in the subgroup with reduced renal function were significantly older, smaller, and of lower body weight and received significantly lower doses of acyclovir.

  8. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir . Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health.

  9. Method Development, Stability, and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is a synthetic acyclic nucleoside analogue active against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). The current research entails optimization, development, and validation of the sensitive, accurate, and precise high performance liquid chromatography-photo-diode array detector (HPLC-PDA) bioanalytical method for quantification of ACV in rat plasma. The central ...

  10. Preclinical toxicology profile of acyclovir: an overview

    J. Gnann N. H. Barton R. Whitley. Medicine. Pharmacotherapy. 1983. Acyclovir is a new antiviral drug that acts as a specific inhibitor of herpesvirus DNA polymerase. It shows good in vitro activity against herpes simplex and varicella‐zoster viruses. The drug may be…. Expand. 98.

  11. Various starting materials for ACV synthesis.

    Download scientific diagram | Various starting materials for ACV synthesis. from publication: Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir | Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective ...

  12. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV's ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its ...

  13. Preclinical toxicology studies with acyclovir: carcinogenicity

    Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir. Wei YP , Yao LY , Wu YY , Liu X , Peng LH , Tian YL , Ding JH , Li KH , He QG Molecules , 26(21):6566, 29 Oct 2021

  14. Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

    Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its...

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  16. Development of Acyclovir-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles and Improvement

    Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir. Wei YP , Yao LY , Wu YY , Liu X , Peng LH , Tian YL , Ding JH , Li KH , He QG Molecules , 26(21):6566, 29 Oct 2021

  17. Nucleoside analogues: N-glycosylation methodologies, synthesis of

    This review focuses on the synthesis and therapeutic applications of several FDA approved nucleoside analogues as antiviral and anticancer agents. Moreover, this review also focuses on the potential of these compounds as new antibacterial and anti-Alzheimer's disease agents, offering an overview of the most recent research in these fields.

  18. Supportive care and antiviral treatments in primary herpetic

    ! critical. X serious − moderate + low? no information ... among the studies included in this systematic review, to analyze the effect of acyclovir in an RCT ... Wu YY, et al. Critical review of synthesis, toxicology and detection of acyclovir. Molecules. 2021; 26 (21):6566. doi: 10.3390/molecules26216566. [PMC free article] [Google ...

  19. Fluorescent Tricyclic Analogues of Acyclovir and Ganciclovir. A

    Of a series of new guanine base modified tricyclic analogues of acyclovir (ACV, 1) and ganciclovir (GCV, 2), derivatives of the 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purine system, evaluated for activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, several fluorescent analogues, 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV (8), 7-Me-6-Ph-TACV (17), 6-(4-MeOPh)-TGCV (27), and 7-Me-6-Ph-TGCV (28), were obtained that showed ...

  20. The mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of acyclovir--a

    TLDR. The kinetic and metabolic disposition of (8‐14C)acyclovir (ACV) was investigated in five subjects with advanced malignancy and it was indicated that 9‐ (carboxymethoxymethyl)guanine was the only significant urinary metabolite of ACV, accounting for 8.5% to 14.1% of the dose. Expand. 79.

  21. Spectrophotometric determination of acyclovir after its reaction with

    The results show that the reaction produced a stable product and the proposed method is cost-effective and possesses adequate accuracy, precision and sensitivity for the determination of acyclovir in dosage forms. Acyclovir is a purine-based nucleoside antiviral agent used in the management of Herpes simplex and other viral infections. The present study was aimed at developing and validating a ...

  22. A simple and efficient synthesis of 9-substituted guanines

    Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir. Molecules 2021, 26 (21) ... REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF ACYCLOVIR AND ITS VARIOUS PRODRUGS. Synthetic Communications 2001, 31 (9) ... SYNTHESIS OF 9-SUBSTITUTED GUANINES. A REVIEW. Organic Preparations and Procedures International 1993, 25 (4) ...

  23. ORCID

    Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection for nanomolarity Acyclovir at ferrous molybdate nanorods and graphene oxide composited glassy carbon electrode. ... Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir. Molecules 2021-10-29 | Journal article DOI: 10.3390 ...