law enforcement essay example

Law Enforcement - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

Law enforcement encompasses the various agencies and officers tasked with maintaining order, enforcing laws, and ensuring public safety. Essays on this topic can explore the history and evolution of law enforcement, the different models and strategies employed globally, and the challenges faced by law enforcement agencies. Additionally, discussions can delve into contemporary issues such as police brutality, community policing, and the role of law enforcement in social justice movements. A vast selection of complimentary essay illustrations pertaining to Law Enforcement you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Requiring the Usage of Body Cameras in Law Enforcement

Police worn body cameras is a current issue in America today, throughout the nation. Implementing police body cameras, with certain regulations and restrictions, would benefit all parties involved (who are doing the right thing). Suspects who are victims of police brutality would be provided with evidence to take to court, and innocent police officers who have been accused of police brutality can clear their name in court. Research shows that body cameras reduce the amount of excessive force, and it […]

Profiling in Law Enforcement: is it Effective Policing?

Profiling in law enforcement is a form of racism in America. This practice is used by police officers on the basis of race or ethnic status of individuals. This form of profiling is also known as criminal profiling or offender profiling and is used to identify likely suspects. Profiling is also used to link cases that have been committed by the same individual. This paper will present several arguments against police profiling. First, the negative impact profiling has in policing […]

Corruption of the Criminal Justice System

There is a long history report of police violence against civilians in the United States which has resulted in creating laws by the government so that citizens may find a way to find a possible solution when their rights are violated. Section 242 of the constitution allows police officers to be fined or even imprisoned for any law enforcer who deprives a person of their rights on the basis of their colour or race (Kevin). The corruption investigations done by […]

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A Major Reproducer of Social Inequalities Due to Law Enforcement and the Judicial Court System

Abstract: This paper focuses on the social inequalities produced by the criminal justice system and how that contributes to the disproportionate distribution of punishment in the United States. The institution that is a key reproducer of social inequalities in the U.S. is the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system is significant and plays a major role in upholding social control by imposing penalties on those who have been arrested, convicted, prosecuted, or sentenced for committing criminal offenses (National Center […]

Law Enforcement Systems

Criminal Justice is defined as the system of law enforcement, involving police, lawyers, courts and corrections, used for all stages of criminal proceedings and punishment. Criminal justice professionals are both consumers and producers of research. The consumers of all research findings, such as police officers, are better at understanding how research is being conducted within their department. The producers of research, such as probation officers, try different methods in order to communicate with criminals better to decrease the likely hood […]

Police Brutality and Racism

The Declaration of Independence was created to protect the inalienable rights that all Americans receive at birth, yet police brutality continues to threaten the rights of African Americans everywhere. Police everywhere need to be given mandatory psychological tests in order to gain awareness of racial bias in law enforcement and allow citizens to slowly gain trust for the officers in law enforcement. No one wants a child to grow up in a world filled with hate. As Martin Luther King […]

How Drones Improves Law Enforcement Performance

The implementation of new drone technology are being used to assess the crime situations in several ways. Not only it helps the law enforcement solve the cases faster, it collects all the data from aerial that is useful for preventing the crimes and assisting with the public service. As I mentioned previously that the drones are incredible at getting all the data that the law enforcement needs to assess and solve the cases.  According to Center for the Study of […]

Social Media and Law Enforcement

Understanding Social Media In considering, the ubiquity of social media and the benefits that it has with reaching communities, one can show and promote positive actions or bring about positivity or change that come with negative actions. Social media has a wide array of followers from platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, television, newspapers and magazines. It is always growing. There are even more platforms popping up every day. There are blogs and vlogs day that report on current […]

Police Body Cameras Friend or Foe

This link is available on all electronic devices, including landlines and mobile phones, 24 hours a day, seven days a week, enabling residents to communicate at all times. The growing use of technology, such as mobile phones, has affected many elements of American society, including the police force. Modern technological breakthroughs have made tools available to aid law enforcement agencies in dealing with urgent circumstances. This technology might have proved helpful in the Darren Wilson and Michael Brown case. Michael […]

Challenges for Women in Law Enforcement

Abstract This paper explores a few of the challenge’s women face as law enforcement officers. Historically, women have always had to work hard to prove they belong in the work force and policing is no exception. Gender bias is very much alive and well despite all efforts of feminists and women around the world. Departments are seeking more female officers now and women are making a stronger presence in the police force; however, they are still a minority. Acceptance of […]

Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement

Unfortunately, Racial discrimination has been an ongoing problem within society in general and also within law enforcement agencies worldwide. The news reports of officer involved shootings involving unarmed young black men, proves to be a universal issue that has not yet been resolved. In an effort to find a resolution to these senseless acts of violence, police officers should attempt to come together and become more involved with communities so that there will be less encounters between law enforcement and […]

Fighting against Gang Violence

A gang is known as a group of individuals with define leadership and internal organizations that identify or claim control over territory. Also known as an organized group of criminals, gangs engage in illegal and in some occasions violent behavior. Gangs vary from prison gangs, motorcycle clubs, ethnic and organized crime gangs to local and national street gangs. In the academic journal History of Street Gangs in the United States they state that "Three main immigrant groups entered the Northeast […]

The Change in Relationship between Law Enforcement and the Black Community

The relationship between law enforcement and African Americans has always been tricky, but what complicates this relationship even more is police brutality. Over the course of many years, police have become more harsh and violent, even to the point where some might describe them as militarized. This police brutality has also mainly been targeted towards minorities, especially African Americans. These acts of police brutality that still happen today show the amount of racism and discrimination and racism that exists towards […]

The Force: Rebuilding Trust and Accountability in Law Enforcement

From the documentary “The Force”, Oakland police captain Leronne Armstrong said, “The minute you put that uniform on, you represent all of us. Your behavior has an impact on all of us. One police officer can affect the credibility of a department, of a city. One police officer can have an impact on this whole country.” This stood out to me when dealing with the topic of trust and mistrust in police because all police officers seem to be defined […]

Women in Law Enforcement

In the past few years, women in law enforcement have been facing many challenges in their job. They have had to undergo discrimination, unfairness, and sexual harassment. This was exposed by the #MeToo movement that was spread across social media. Women experienced an increase in representation as full-time sworn law enforcement officers during the 1980s and 1990s, growth has slowed down in recent years, but women continue to be underrepresented in law enforcement (Sexual Harassment, 2018). Why has the growth […]

Law Enforcement and Relationship with Americans

Society has conflicting views regarding law enforcement. Study social media message boards and the comments regarding controversial police shootings, and it is obvious the differences lie primarily along racial lines. Much of the research conveys that Caucasian Americans share positive views while minorities have negative views, views that are likely developed from personal experiences with law enforcement. Historically, since the days of slavery, Whites have made up the majority of law enforcement which may have influenced their more positive experiences. […]

Should all Police Wear Body Cameras

Due to the brutality that is happening in today's society, citizens have lost the trust of police officers. Though the use of body cameras can invade the privacy of officers and citizens, I believe wearing body cameras can be an improvement on how the public view police officers. Body cameras are small electronic devices that is usually pinned to the officers clothing, helmet, or sunglasses. It can provide a more accurate recording of the moment of police brutality. If these […]

Law Enforcement Code of Ethics: Upholding Trust and Moral Integrity in the Line of Duty

The noble profession of law enforcement is grounded not just in the enforcement of laws but also in the ethical considerations that shape the daily decisions of its practitioners. As such, the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics serves as a foundation for officers, guiding their actions and interactions, ensuring public trust, and cementing their commitment to the highest moral principles. This piece delves into the importance, core elements, and implementation of this Code. Importance of a Code of Ethics in […]

Diversity in Law Enforcement: Harmonizing Community Trust through Reflective Representation

Step into any neighborhood café, and you’ll hear the whispers—the ever-evolving dynamics between communities and their local constabularies. The days of one-size-fits-all policing? They're going the way of the dodo. Communities yearn for more than just a badge—they seek a reflection, a semblance of familiarity. And thus, diversity in the force isn’t just the month's flavor. It's the recipe for lasting trust. Historical Context: Law Enforcement's Uniformity Problem Wind the clock back, and the police force resembled a choir singing […]

Police Brutality against Black Communities

Throughout the years, the issue of police brutality against black communities has been a major problem affecting many countries in the United States. Unjustified killings have taken place in the black community, which has clearly led to a national outcry for justice and equality. The issue has become particularly notable in recent years thanks to the numerous murders of young black people that have been committed by police officers. Research shows that young black men were nine times more likely […]

Police Brutality against Latinos in the U.S.

This research focused on the history of police brutality against Latinos in the U.S. and thedifferent types of police brutality. It starts off with an overview of what police brutality is and providing examples of police brutality in the different states. The examples intend to provide the reader with knowledge of how police brutality affects the Latino community and some other minority groups. Additionally, it talks about injunctions and the system of points (used in Boston), which allow police officers […]

Cost of the Death Penalty

The death penalty costs more than life in prison. According to Fox News correspondent Dan Springer, the State of California spent 4 billion dollars to execute 13 individuals, in addition to the net spend of an estimated $64,000 per prisoner every year. Springer (2011) documents how the death penalty convictions declined due to economic reasons. The state spends up to 3 times more when seeking a death penalty than when pursuing a life in prison without the possibility of parole. […]

Juveniles should not be Tried as Adults in the Legal System

Growing up everyone has friends of all social classes and behaviors. Many live wealthy lifestyles, and others not so fortunate. Many children loved going home after school and living the “Leave it to Beaver” home life. Others had a home life that was sad and created angst. They literally had nothing to eat and no safe place to sleep or rest their heads. Having hardworking and devoted parents is essential to create a better society. This makes a big difference […]

The History of the United States

In the early stages of United States history following the events of WW2, the use of stop and search procedures where officers would flood the streets after a reported crime to question individuals in urban, low income, and predominantly black neighborhoods became a staple method for crime fighting. These tactics originated by the LAPD became embraced by other city police chiefs and began to prioritize street stops as a way to conduct surveillance on suspicious individuals. Throughout history patrol officers […]

Police Brutality – Aggressive Overuse of Power

Every 7 hours in the United States an individual life is taken by a police officer. Police brutality is defined as an aggressive overuse of power given to them as a status of a police officer. A 395 pound 6'2-foot man named Eric Garner was held in an illegal chokehold by officer Justin D'Amico. Eric Garner was selling illegal cigarettes on a street in Staten Island, New York. As police approach him four of the officers wrestled him to the […]

Body Worn Cameras by Police Officers

Body-worn cameras by police officers is a relatively new idea that has come to be one of the hot-button issues within law enforcement with in the past five or so years. There are many reasons as to why it has become a popular idea. Throughout this paper I will discuss the history behind the idea of body-worn cameras by police officers, including the type of laws and legislation leading the way as well as discuss the many advantages and disadvantages […]

Police Brutality – Misconduct and Shootings

Abstract In the United States, Police brutality has been a source of concern for many years. Police officers have been known to use excessive and unnecessary force on innocent and unarmed civilians. There have been numerous instances of police officers killing civilians when such force was unwarranted. It is important to look at how police brutality affects the community as well as fellow police officers. There are a number of measures that should be taken to stop this menace. The […]

The Three Strikes Law Analysis

Is the "Three Strikes" law too harsh for petty criminals who are non-violent? What should be done with violators? Since the beginning of time there have been rules or laws that people abide by as members of past and present societies. Those rules or laws were put in place to keep people safe and to be fair to the community those rules or laws were put in place for, but to also be fair to the perpetrator. Many people live […]

Police Brutality: Hispanics, Asian, and African American

Almost everyone can be involved in police brutality including Hispanics, Asian, and African American. But, black people are most likely to be shot by police than their white peers. However, according to Vox news says, An analysis of the available FBI data by Dara Lind for Vox found that US police kill black people at disproportionate rates: Black people accounted for 31 percent of police killing victims in 2012. In other words, that black people are accusing as a threat […]

Different Forms of Police Brutality

According to The Law Dictionary, police brutality is defined as the use of excessive and/ or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. The brutality can come in several forms; ranging from nerve gas, guns, false arrests, racial profiling, and sexual abuse. Many black men and women fall victims to officers. Police killed 1,147 people in 2017. Black people were 25% of those killed despite being only 13% of the population (Daniliana 1). Since 1992, there has been an […]

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Essay Samples on Law Enforcement

The psychological and physical effects of stress on police officers.

For several factors, stress is a normal reaction to many intense situations, specifically in the law enforcement career field. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, stress is defined as “a state of mental tension and worry caused by problems in your life, work, etc.” (Merriam-Webster, n.d.)....

• Law Enforcement

Community Intelligence: A Powerful Tool for Law Enforcement

Community intelligence is sometimes abbreviated to 'commtel' (Hogard et al., 2007, p.187), by some researchers, it provides useful information to law enforcement about issues in the local area. This can assist police forces in directing resources and focusing on targeted intelligence-led patrols and operations (Innes,...

• Community Policing

The Impact of Declining Police Recruitment on Law Enforcement

Introduction Recently there has been a downfall in recruitment for many police stations resulting in fewer employees, longer shifts, and fewer days off per week if any at all. The number of hours these officers are working due to a lack of interest in criminal...

Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement: A Case Study

Introduction Law enforcement demands a higher ethical standard, as it is often said than that of any other profession. A police career is one that calls for the greatest dedication in light of making the right decisions. Thus, it is undeniable and understandable that there...

• Code of Ethics

Best topics on Law Enforcement

1. The Psychological and Physical Effects of Stress on Police Officers

2. Community Intelligence: A Powerful Tool for Law Enforcement

3. The Impact of Declining Police Recruitment on Law Enforcement

4. Ethical Considerations in Law Enforcement: A Case Study

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Law Enforcement Essay Examples

The life of a policeman.

The life of a policeman is a demanding and noble profession that plays a crucial role in maintaining law and order within society. This essay provides insights into the challenges, responsibilities, and rewards associated with being a police officer. From ensuring public safety to upholding...

Qualities of a Good Police Officer

Police officers play a crucial role in maintaining law and order, protecting communities, and upholding justice. To excel in their challenging and demanding profession, good police officers possess a unique set of qualities that set them apart. In this essay, we will explore the key...

Methods to Curb Gun Violence

Gun violence remains a pressing issue in many societies, leading to devastating consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Addressing this complex problem requires a comprehensive approach that considers various factors contributing to gun violence. In this essay, we will explore strategies and measures that can...

The Truth About the Reign of Terror: Was It Justified Or not

The prompt document titled “Justice in Reign of Terror' is a passage from a book where author analyse whether was it justified. This passage essay is under chapter 19 of the book called 'A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon”....

Finding Answers Whether not All Cops Are Really Bad

The issue of police conduct and police brutality has been a highly debated topic in recent years, especially in the United States. While it is true that there have been cases of police officers acting inappropriately, it is also important to remember that not all...

Black Lives Matter - We Shouldn't Be Afraid of the Police

When it comes to the black community, it leads a more delicate conversation - that's why I chose black lives matter as my argumentative essay topic. The way the police abused them should be conducive to the black community. Police officers have no right to...

Gun Control: the Most Important Issues Facing America Today

Gun control seems to be one of the biggest issues in America today. “Most important issues facing America today” essay analyses the current social problem. As it has became urgent, especially with many shootings that have occurred recently, such as the shooting in El Paso,...

Police Brutality Research on Nigeria Case

Within Phe police brutality research paper we will analyse the given topic and discuss it via different perspectives like: the definition, causes, real cases and main issues. So what is police brutality? Police Brutality is the use of excessive andor unnecessary force by police when...

FBI: How It Was Created, Its Role and Importance

In the FBI essay the author deeply discussed the nature and role of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Originally initiated back in 1908 and created by Charles J. Bonaparte who worked with his Attorney General at the time to come up with a proposal which...

Pro Gun Control Personal Statement

Everyone knows that in the majority of the US states keeping guns is allowed. And it is an eternal question whether gun control should be implemented or not. Exactly in this paper that called "Pro gun control essay" I will share some arguments due to...

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Playing it Safe: Explore the FTC's Top Video Game Cases

Learn about the FTC's notable video game cases and what our agency is doing to keep the public safe.

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Lina M. Khan was sworn in as Chair of the Federal Trade Commission on June 15, 2021.

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FTC Announces Rule Banning Noncompetes

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Today, the Federal Trade Commission issued a final rule to promote competition by banning noncompetes nationwide, protecting the fundamental freedom of workers to change jobs, increasing innovation, and fostering new business formation.

“Noncompete clauses keep wages low, suppress new ideas, and rob the American economy of dynamism, including from the more than 8,500 new startups that would be created a year once noncompetes are banned,” said FTC Chair Lina M. Khan. “The FTC’s final rule to ban noncompetes will ensure Americans have the freedom to pursue a new job, start a new business, or bring a new idea to market.”

The FTC estimates that the final rule banning noncompetes will lead to new business formation growing by 2.7% per year, resulting in more than 8,500 additional new businesses created each year. The final rule is expected to result in higher earnings for workers, with estimated earnings increasing for the average worker by an additional $524 per year, and it is expected to lower health care costs by up to $194 billion over the next decade. In addition, the final rule is expected to help drive innovation, leading to an estimated average increase of 17,000 to 29,000 more patents each year for the next 10 years under the final rule.

Noncompetes are a widespread and often exploitative practice imposing contractual conditions that prevent workers from taking a new job or starting a new business. Noncompetes often force workers to either stay in a job they want to leave or bear other significant harms and costs, such as being forced to switch to a lower-paying field, being forced to relocate, being forced to leave the workforce altogether, or being forced to defend against expensive litigation. An estimated 30 million workers—nearly one in five Americans—are subject to a noncompete.

Under the FTC’s new rule, existing noncompetes for the vast majority of workers will no longer be enforceable after the rule’s effective date. Existing noncompetes for senior executives - who represent less than 0.75% of workers - can remain in force under the FTC’s final rule, but employers are banned from entering into or attempting to enforce any new noncompetes, even if they involve senior executives. Employers will be required to provide notice to workers other than senior executives who are bound by an existing noncompete that they will not be enforcing any noncompetes against them.

In January 2023, the FTC issued a  proposed rule which was subject to a 90-day public comment period. The FTC received more than 26,000 comments on the proposed rule, with over 25,000 comments in support of the FTC’s proposed ban on noncompetes. The comments informed the FTC’s final rulemaking process, with the FTC carefully reviewing each comment and making changes to the proposed rule in response to the public’s feedback.

In the final rule, the Commission has determined that it is an unfair method of competition, and therefore a violation of Section 5 of the FTC Act, for employers to enter into noncompetes with workers and to enforce certain noncompetes.

The Commission found that noncompetes tend to negatively affect competitive conditions in labor markets by inhibiting efficient matching between workers and employers. The Commission also found that noncompetes tend to negatively affect competitive conditions in product and service markets, inhibiting new business formation and innovation. There is also evidence that noncompetes lead to increased market concentration and higher prices for consumers.

Alternatives to Noncompetes

The Commission found that employers have several alternatives to noncompetes that still enable firms to protect their investments without having to enforce a noncompete.

Trade secret laws and non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) both provide employers with well-established means to protect proprietary and other sensitive information. Researchers estimate that over 95% of workers with a noncompete already have an NDA.

The Commission also finds that instead of using noncompetes to lock in workers, employers that wish to retain employees can compete on the merits for the worker’s labor services by improving wages and working conditions.

Changes from the NPRM

Under the final rule, existing noncompetes for senior executives can remain in force. Employers, however, are prohibited from entering into or enforcing new noncompetes with senior executives. The final rule defines senior executives as workers earning more than $151,164 annually and who are in policy-making positions.

Additionally, the Commission has eliminated a provision in the proposed rule that would have required employers to legally modify existing noncompetes by formally rescinding them. That change will help to streamline compliance.

Instead, under the final rule, employers will simply have to provide notice to workers bound to an existing noncompete that the noncompete agreement will not be enforced against them in the future. To aid employers’ compliance with this requirement, the Commission has included model language in the final rule that employers can use to communicate to workers. 

The Commission vote to approve the issuance of the final rule was 3-2 with Commissioners Melissa Holyoak and Andrew N. Ferguson voting no. Commissioners Rebecca Kelly Slaughter , Alvaro Bedoya , Melissa Holyoak and Andrew N. Ferguson each issued separate statements. Chair Lina M. Khan will issue a separate statement.

The final rule will become effective 120 days after publication in the Federal Register.

Once the rule is effective, market participants can report information about a suspected violation of the rule to the Bureau of Competition by emailing  [email protected] . 

The Federal Trade Commission develops policy initiatives on issues that affect competition, consumers, and the U.S. economy. The FTC will never demand money, make threats, tell you to transfer money, or promise you a prize. Follow the  FTC on social media , read  consumer alerts  and the  business blog , and  sign up to get the latest FTC news and alerts .

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DOL Increases Compensation Threshold for Exempt Employees

Starting July 1, 2024, employers must satisfy a higher salary threshold in order to consider employees as exempt from Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) overtime rules. Following proposed rulemaking in August 2023 , the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) finalized a rule on April 23, 2024, setting the standard salary level for the “white collar” exemptions under the FLSA at $844/week as of July 1, 2024 (up from the current $684/week). The weekly salary requirement for white collar exempt employees will then increase to $1,128/week on January 1, 2025. This represents an almost 65% increase in the minimum exempt salary threshold by January 1. It is important to note that paying the minimum salary alone does not establish that an employee is properly classified as exempt. Rather, white collar exempt employees must also satisfy the relevant “duties test” under the FLSA, the content of which remains unchanged by the final rule.

The final rule also increases the total annual compensation threshold required for an employee to qualify for the FLSA’s “highly compensated employee” exemption (HCE). As of July 1, the annual total compensation [1] requirement for the HCE exemption rises to $132,964/year (up from $107,432/year). The HCE requirement further rises to $151,164/year on January 1, 2025. This represents more than a 40% increase by January 1. Of note, the January 1 threshold compensation requirement for the HCE exemption matches that used by the Federal Trade Commission to define “senior executive” in relation to noncompete agreements; however, the non-monetary criteria are not identical.

These increases will be the first since January 1, 2020. Future updates will occur every three years starting January 1, 2027, per the final rule. Future updates will use then-current wage data to determine increases. The DOL will publish a notice in the Federal Register with the new earnings levels at least 150 days prior to scheduled updates. The final rule does allow the DOL to temporarily delay a scheduled update to the salary levels when “ unforeseen economic or other conditions warrant .”

While the final rule affects a large portion of the U.S. workforce, the DOL regulations remain unchanged for the earnings thresholds for white collar exempt employees in U.S. territories, the motion picture industry, and computer employees. Also unchanged are the treatment of bonuses for the purposes of satisfying the compensation threshold. Employers may use nondiscretionary bonuses and incentive payments (including commissions) to satisfy up to 10% of the standard salary test requirements for white collar employees, so long as the bonuses are paid at least annually. Additionally, employers may use nondiscretionary bonuses and incentive payments earned during a 52-week period for calculating the compensation threshold for the HCE exemption, so long as they are not used to satisfy the weekly standard salary level portion of the exemption test.

At least 4 million workers are expected to be impacted by the final rule by 2025.

Although no litigation has yet been filed, litigation impacting the effective date and enforcement of this final rule is possible. For example, in 2016, a federal judge in Texas issued a nationwide injunction preventing a DOL final rule regarding white collar exemptions from taking effect.

In advance of the July 1 and January 1 deadlines, all employers with salaried workers should audit the exempt status and salaries for their employees to ensure compliance with the DOL’s final rule. Employers will then need to work on raising salaries and/or reclassifying any employees who no longer qualify as exempt due to the increased salary thresholds.

[1] The weekly salary level for the HCE exemption must at least match the minimum salary level for white collar employees. 

Sara Alexis Levine Abarbanel

Related insights, pwfa final rule is now published — it takes effect june 18, 2024, utah enacts h.b. 55, impacting the use of confidentiality clauses in employment settlement agreements, bump in the road: federal judge selectively halts enforcement of the pregnant workers fairness act in texas.

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Trump's hush money trial

College protests across the US

April jobs report

May 2, 2024 - US college protests

By Chandelis Duster, Ramishah Maruf, Rachel Ramirez, Holly Yan, Samantha Delouya, Tori B. Powell, Aditi Sangal, Elizabeth Wolfe and Dalia Faheid, CNN

Police take control of UCLA encampment

From CNN's Jordan Valinsky and Josh Campbell

Law enforcement officers have taken control of the UCLA encampment site nearly three hours after they were called in by campus officials.

CNN's Josh Campbell reports that the encampment has been cleared, and police are processing protesters and loading them on to busses.

There is also a larger gathering of protesters at the perimeter of the camp, and police have a wall of officers standing calmly between them and the camp. However, the situation doesn't seem tense.

Protesters are unhappy though and chanting at the police, but the police don't appear amped up.

Roughly half of the 282 total people arrested at Columbia and CCNY were not affiliated with the schools, NYPD says

From CNN's John Miller

Out of the total 282 people arrested at both Columbia University and the City College of New York on Tuesday, 134 individuals were not affiliated with either school, according to a New York Police Department official who shared the breakdown with CNN. The remaining 148 individuals did have an affiliation with one of the two universities.

Broken down by school, the numbers skew a bit differently — 80 people arrested at Columbia did have an affiliation with the Ivy League university, while only 32 did not, according to the official. Those numbers represent arrests both inside and outside Hamilton Hall. 

At CCNY, the breakdown was flipped —102 people arrested were not affiliated with the school and only 68 were affiliated. 

The NYPD said it was able to determine this data by cross-checking records with the universities. 

Authorities move farther into UCLA encampment and fire what appears to be rubber bullets

From CNN's Camila Bernal and Sarah Moon 

Law enforcement officers have pushed farther into the UCLA encampment site, live CNN images show.

A CNN team on campus saw a group of officers going through Royce Hall, a building directly next to the encampment, to make their way onto the encampment site.

The team also saw members of law enforcement fire what appeared to be rubber bullets. 

Dozens of protesters in UCLA encampment seen being detained by police

From CNN staff

CNN crews at the site of the UCLA encampment have seen dozens of protesters being detained by California Highway Patrol officers early Thursday.

Protesters were attempting to reinforce the barricade while police in protective gear were breaking through it.

Officers are taking the detained protesters to buses that police staged in a parking lot roughly a mile from the campus.

Police begin detaining protesters as they make entry into UCLA encampment

From CNN's Emma Tucker

Flashbangs were heard as California Highway Patrol officers began tearing down the barricades outside the UCLA encampment early Thursday morning and detaining pro-Palestinian protesters on the site.

The officers from CHP’s special operations unit were seen in video footage in police riot gear with helmets, gas masks, zip ties and getting their batons ready as they entered the encampment, while screams were heard from behind the barricades.

Some protesters were kneeling on the ground with their arms zip-tied behind their backs as officers detained them and continued bringing more protesters outside the encampment.

CNN’s Nick Watt, who is on scene at UCLA, said detained students are being taken to nearby buses on the campus.

UCLA issued alert to students that police ordered evacuation of encampment area

From CNN's Taylor Romine

UCLA issued a safety alert shortly before 3 a.m. PT (6 a.m. ET) asking students to avoid Dickson Plaza, the area where the pro-Palestinian protester encampment is set up.

"Police have ordered an evacuation of Dickson Plaza due to an unlawful assembly," the alert said.

"DO NOT re-enter the area of Dickson Plaza & follow the direction of public safety personnel."

"The University of California Los Angeles has declared the encampment and all unauthorized tents and structures in Dickson Plaza to be unlawful. The University requires that everyone must leave the encampment and adjacent areas, as well as all unauthorized structures and tents immediately, until further notice," the alert said.

Those who do not disperse "will be in violation of the law" and could face sanctions if they do not leave, the university said. 

Police moving back into UCLA encampment, pulling apart barricades

Law enforcement officers began early Thursday morning pulling aside barricades put up outside the encampment on the UCLA campus, CNN footage from the scene shows.

The officers, who were seen wearing California Highway Patrol vests from its special operations unit, were holding onto protective umbrellas as they appeared to be making their way back into the encampment.

Police have warned the protesters that if they stay in encampment they will be liable for arrest and might get hurt, but a large number of protesters remained.

As officers were moving in, shouts could be heard from inside the encampment, saying "hold the line, hold the line!"

Meanwhile, some protesters are gathered on the iconic UCLA Janss Steps in what appears to be an attempt to prevent law enforcement from easily accessing the encampment, CNN video from the scene shows.

Protesters can be seen sitting next to one another on the steps. People sitting at the bottom of the stairs are seen holding open umbrellas. 

Watch the scene:

Australian student protests are another example of US campus divisions over Gaza going global

From CNN's Hilary Whiteman and Angus Watson

The grassy expanse of the University of Queensland’s Great Court has long been the center of student life at the Australian state’s biggest university.

Now it’s a gathering point for rival camps pitched about 300 feet from each other – one populated by supporters of the Students for Palestine UQ, and another smaller cluster of tents with the Israeli flag among others strung between trees.

These camps are among protest sites at seven universities around Australia – from Melbourne and Sydney in the country’s southeast, to Adelaide in its center, and Perth along the western coast.

They were erected in solidarity with Palestinians under Israeli siege in Gaza and student protesters in the United States, but some Jewish groups say they’re causing unnecessary tension on campus and the country’s federal opposition leader has called them “racist” and “antisemitic.”

So far, violent scenes that have erupted at universities across the US involving protesters, counterprotesters and law enforcement have not been repeated in Australia. But some students worry events could move in that direction.

At the nation’s biggest camp, simmering tensions could flare on Friday, when Jewish groups hold the first major counter-rally at the University of Sydney (USYD) under the slogan “March for a safe campus.”

“We are uniting to urge the University of Sydney to take decisive action to foster a safe and inclusive learning environment for everyone,” said the event organizers Together for Israel and Stand With Us.

In response, the Sydney branch of Students for Palestine issued a call-out on Facebook to “defend” the camp.

“We need everyone to come to the camp tomorrow to defend it from a Zionist rally that is being organized to intimidate us,” it said in a post. “Our cause is one for justice and peace!

Members of Students for Palestine told CNN their protest “encampment” includes a diverse array of students and does not tolerate any form of discrimination.

Read the full story.

Pro-Palestinian encampments set up at some UK universities

From CNN's Alex Hardie

Students at some universities in the United Kingdom have set up pro-Palestinian encampments in recent days.

At Newcastle University, a small pro-Palestinian encampment has been set up on a lawn in front of the college's buildings, video and pictures on social media showed.

The X account "Newcastle Apartheid Off Campus" shared images of their encampment, which shows around a dozen tents on the lawn, some with Palestinian flags hanging from them.

The group describes itself as a "student-led coalition fighting for an end to Newcastle University's partnership with defense companies supplying Israel" and said, in an X post Wednesday evening, that they would be "staying the night."

"Day one of the encampment is coming to an end," the post said, adding that "numbers are growing by the hour."

Students in the English cities of Leeds and Bristol also set up tents outside their university buildings Wednesday in protest against the war in Gaza, according to PA news agency. PA also reported that a camp at Warwick University, in central England, has been installed on the university's campus for a week. 

On Friday, the  University of Warwick said it was aware of an "ongoing demonstration" on campus organized by "Warwick Stands With Palestine," a coalition of student and staff organizations. The university said it was "speaking to the demonstration's organizers" but reiterated that freedom of speech is a "vital component of university life." 

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