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Kenneth Leroy Busbee

An assignment statement sets and/or re-sets the value stored in the storage location(s) denoted by a variable name; in other words, it copies a value into the variable. [1]

The assignment operator allows us to change the value of a modifiable data object (for beginning programmers this typically means a variable). It is associated with the concept of moving a value into the storage location (again usually a variable). Within most programming languages the symbol used for assignment is the equal symbol. But bite your tongue, when you see the = symbol you need to start thinking: assignment. The assignment operator has two operands. The one to the left of the operator is usually an identifier name for a variable. The one to the right of the operator is a value.

Simple Assignment

The value 21 is moved to the memory location for the variable named: age. Another way to say it: age is assigned the value 21.

Assignment with an Expression

The item to the right of the assignment operator is an expression. The expression will be evaluated and the answer is 14. The value 14 would be assigned to the variable named: total_cousins.

Assignment with Identifier Names in the Expression

The expression to the right of the assignment operator contains some identifier names. The program would fetch the values stored in those variables; add them together and get a value of 44; then assign the 44 to the total_students variable.

  • cnx.org: Programming Fundamentals – A Modular Structured Approach using C++
  • Wikipedia: Assignment (computer science) ↵

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  • Assignment Statement

An Assignment statement is a statement that is used to set a value to the variable name in a program .

Assignment statement allows a variable to hold different types of values during its program lifespan. Another way of understanding an assignment statement is, it stores a value in the memory location which is denoted by a variable name.

Assignment Statement Method

The symbol used in an assignment statement is called as an operator . The symbol is ‘=’ .

Note: The Assignment Operator should never be used for Equality purpose which is double equal sign ‘==’.

The Basic Syntax of Assignment Statement in a programming language is :

variable = expression ;

variable = variable name

expression = it could be either a direct value or a math expression/formula or a function call

Few programming languages such as Java, C, C++ require data type to be specified for the variable, so that it is easy to allocate memory space and store those values during program execution.

data_type variable_name = value ;

In the above-given examples, Variable ‘a’ is assigned a value in the same statement as per its defined data type. A data type is only declared for Variable ‘b’. In the 3 rd line of code, Variable ‘a’ is reassigned the value 25. The 4 th line of code assigns the value for Variable ‘b’.

Assignment Statement Forms

This is one of the most common forms of Assignment Statements. Here the Variable name is defined, initialized, and assigned a value in the same statement. This form is generally used when we want to use the Variable quite a few times and we do not want to change its value very frequently.

Tuple Assignment

Generally, we use this form when we want to define and assign values for more than 1 variable at the same time. This saves time and is an easy method. Note that here every individual variable has a different value assigned to it.

(Code In Python)

Sequence Assignment

(Code in Python)

Multiple-target Assignment or Chain Assignment

In this format, a single value is assigned to two or more variables.

Augmented Assignment

In this format, we use the combination of mathematical expressions and values for the Variable. Other augmented Assignment forms are: &=, -=, **=, etc.

Browse more Topics Under Data Types, Variables and Constants

  • Concept of Data types
  • Built-in Data Types
  • Constants in Programing Language 
  • Access Modifier
  • Variables of Built-in-Datatypes
  • Declaration/Initialization of Variables
  • Type Modifier

Few Rules for Assignment Statement

Few Rules to be followed while writing the Assignment Statements are:

  • Variable names must begin with a letter, underscore, non-number character. Each language has its own conventions.
  • The Data type defined and the variable value must match.
  • A variable name once defined can only be used once in the program. You cannot define it again to store other types of value.
  • If you assign a new value to an existing variable, it will overwrite the previous value and assign the new value.

FAQs on Assignment Statement

Q1. Which of the following shows the syntax of an  assignment statement ?

  • variablename = expression ;
  • expression = variable ;
  • datatype = variablename ;
  • expression = datatype variable ;

Answer – Option A.

Q2. What is an expression ?

  • Same as statement
  • List of statements that make up a program
  • Combination of literals, operators, variables, math formulas used to calculate a value
  • Numbers expressed in digits

Answer – Option C.

Q3. What are the two steps that take place when an  assignment statement  is executed?

  • Evaluate the expression, store the value in the variable
  • Reserve memory, fill it with value
  • Evaluate variable, store the result
  • Store the value in the variable, evaluate the expression.

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CProgramming Tutorial

  • C Programming Tutorial
  • C - Overview
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  • C - History
  • C - Environment Setup
  • C - Program Structure
  • C - Hello World
  • C - Compilation Process
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Assignment Operators in C

In C language, the assignment operator stores a certain value in an already declared variable. A variable in C can be assigned the value in the form of a literal, another variable, or an expression.

The value to be assigned forms the right-hand operand, whereas the variable to be assigned should be the operand to the left of the " = " symbol, which is defined as a simple assignment operator in C.

In addition, C has several augmented assignment operators.

The following table lists the assignment operators supported by the C language −

Simple Assignment Operator (=)

The = operator is one of the most frequently used operators in C. As per the ANSI C standard, all the variables must be declared in the beginning. Variable declaration after the first processing statement is not allowed.

You can declare a variable to be assigned a value later in the code, or you can initialize it at the time of declaration.

You can use a literal, another variable, or an expression in the assignment statement.

Once a variable of a certain type is declared, it cannot be assigned a value of any other type. In such a case the C compiler reports a type mismatch error.

In C, the expressions that refer to a memory location are called "lvalue" expressions. A lvalue may appear as either the left-hand or right-hand side of an assignment.

On the other hand, the term rvalue refers to a data value that is stored at some address in memory. A rvalue is an expression that cannot have a value assigned to it which means an rvalue may appear on the right-hand side but not on the left-hand side of an assignment.

Variables are lvalues and so they may appear on the left-hand side of an assignment. Numeric literals are rvalues and so they may not be assigned and cannot appear on the left-hand side. Take a look at the following valid and invalid statements −

Augmented Assignment Operators

In addition to the = operator, C allows you to combine arithmetic and bitwise operators with the = symbol to form augmented or compound assignment operator. The augmented operators offer a convenient shortcut for combining arithmetic or bitwise operation with assignment.

For example, the expression "a += b" has the same effect of performing "a + b" first and then assigning the result back to the variable "a".

Run the code and check its output −

Similarly, the expression "a <<= b" has the same effect of performing "a << b" first and then assigning the result back to the variable "a".

Here is a C program that demonstrates the use of assignment operators in C −

When you compile and execute the above program, it will produce the following result −

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Computer programming - JavaScript and the web

Course: computer programming - javascript and the web   >   unit 1, planning a programming project.

  • Planning with pseudo-code
  • What to learn next

1. What do you want to make?

  • What's your favorite game - arcade game, board game, sports game? Could you make a simplified, digital version of that? Could you mix it up a bit, like give it a different theme or main characters?
  • What are your other favorite academic fields? If you love art, could you make an art-making program? If you love history, how about an interactive timeline? If you love science, how about a scientific simulation? 
  • What's your favorite movie or TV show? Could you make a digital version of a scene or character from it? Maybe make a game based on it?
  • What's a real-life gadget that you love? Could you make a simulation of it?
Breakout : a game where you control a paddle at the bottom of the screen, and you use it to hit a ball upwards and at angles to break bricks. The goal is to break all the bricks, and not let the ball through the ground too many times.

2. What technology will you use?

3. what features will it include.

  • User-controlled paddle
  • Multiple colored bricks
  • Angled ball movement
  • Collision detection
  • Life display
  • Score display
  • Sound effects
  • Play button
  • Help button
  • Back button
  • Fireworks animation
  • Restart button

4. But what features must  it include?

  • If I shared this with a friend, which features would I want to make sure were working?
  • Which features am I the most excited about building?
  • Which features are the most unique to my program?
  • Which features will I learn the most from implementing?
  • Are there any features that seem too far beyond my current skill level?
  • (P1) User-controlled paddle
  • (P1) Multiple colored bricks
  • (P1) Angled ball movement
  • (P1) Collision detection
  • (P2) Life display
  • (P2) Score display
  • (P3) Sound effects
  • (P2) Play button
  • (P3) Help button
  • (P3) Back button
  • (P2) Headline
  • (P3) Fireworks animation
  • (P3) Restart button
  • Start scene w/play button
  • Win scene w/headline
  • Lose scene w/Restart button

5. How will you implement it?

  • Brick ( .isHit() )
  • Paddle ( .move() )
  • Ball ( .move() )
  • Ball-brick collision ( function , use bounding box)
  • Paddle-ball angling ( function , invert angle)
  • Keyboard-paddle movement ( keyPressed )
  • Buttons for scene changes ( mouseClicked )
  • Ball deaths ( array)
  • Ball hits ( array )

6. What's your timeline?

  • Week 1: Design and pseudo-code
  • Week 2: Rough visuals
  • Week 3: Ball moving/collision mechanics
  • Week 4: Scoring mechanics
  • Week 5: Scenes (Start/Win/Lose)
  • Week 6: Polish, Manual tests (QA), Prep for demo

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Functional Programming 101

A deep dive on the benefits of functional programming and why it’s actually easier than you think.

example of assignment in programming

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Cassidy Williams // CTO, Contenda

The ReadME Project amplifies the voices of the open source community: the maintainers, developers, and teams whose contributions move the world forward every day.

Functional programming is a hot topic. The 2021 Developer Survey from Stack Overflow ranked functional languages among the most loved. Popular JavaScript libraries like React and Angular let you use functional concepts in your components, traditionally object-oriented languages have added functional support... and yet there’s been some confusion about what functional programming actually means.

Traditionally, folks often think that it’s a concept that you should learn when you are deeper into your development career, but that’s not necessarily the case!

“I think functional programming is more accessible for someone trying to teach themselves to program. I’ve seen folks from all sorts of backgrounds come onto the Elixir Wizards podcast and tell me that Elixir clicked for them when they were starting out because of the pipe operator. The pipe ( `|>` ) makes it easier for beginners to recognize what their code is doing, with a clear pipeline of what they started with, how it changed, and the final outcome. Generally, I think functional programming reads more like spoken language.” - Sundi Myint, co-host of the Elixir Wizards podcast

If you’re ready for it, let’s take a deep dive into what functional programming is, how it differs from other paradigms, why you would use it, and how to get started!

What is functional programming?

There are three “types” of programming that you may or may not know: procedural programming, object-oriented programming, and functional programming. I’ll focus on the latter two.

In object-oriented programming (OOP), you create “objects” (hence the name), which are structures that have data and methods. In functional programming, everything is a function. Functional programming tries to keep data and behavior separate, and OOP brings those concepts together.

“Functional programming [is] a paradigm that forces us to make the complex parts of our system explicit, and that’s an important guideline when writing software.” - José Valim, creator of Elixir

What are the rules of functional programming?

There are two main things you need to know to understand the concept:

Data is immutable: If you want to change data, such as an array, you return a new array with the changes, not the original.

Functions are stateless: Functions act as if for the first time, every single time! In other words, the function always gives the same return value for the same arguments.

There are three best practices that you should generally follow:

Your functions should accept at least one argument.

Your functions should return data, or another function.

Don’t use loops!

Now, some of these things can happen in object-oriented programming as well. Some languages allow you to mix-and-match concepts, too, like JavaScript for example.

An example to show the difference between OOP and functional programming

Let’s say that you have a school and we have the records of each of the students in some database. Let’s say they all have a name and a grade point average (GPA). In object-oriented programming, you might write something like this:

If you wanted to initialize a student, you might do something like this:

Now let’s say you want to change the GPAs of a bunch of students. With OOP, you could have an array of the students:

And to change each of their GPAs, you could do a loop to increase the grades of each.

…or something. Then you could loop through again to print out the results, or just work with the objects as you wish.

Now, if you wanted to solve the same type of problem with functional programming, you’d do it a little differently. This is how you might initialize the students:

We’re storing the students as plain arrays instead of objects. Functional programming prefers plain data structures like arrays and lists and hashes (etc.) to not “complicate” the data and behavior. So next, instead of writing just one changeGPA() function that you loop over, you’d have a changeGPAs() function and a changeGPA() function.

The function changeGPAs() would take in the students’ array. It would then call changeGPA() for each value in the students array, and return the result as a new array. The job of changeGPA() is to return a copy of the student passed in with the GPA updated. The point of this is because functional programming prefers tiny, modular functions that do one part of a larger job! The job of changeGPAs() is to handle the set of students, and the job of changeGPA() is to handle each individual student. Also note that the original array doesn’t change because we treat data as immutable in functional programming. We create new datasets instead of modifying existing ones.

Why would I use functional programming?

When you think about well-structured software, you might think about software that’s easy to write, easy to debug, and where a lot of it is reusable. That’s functional programming in a nutshell! Granted, one might argue that it’s not as easy to write, but let’s touch on the other two points while you wrap your mind around the functional paradigm.

“Once you get used to it, it’s self-evident. It’s clear. I look at my function. What can it work with? Its arguments. Anything else? No. Are there any global variables? No. Other module data? No. It’s just that.” - Robert Virding, co-inventor of Erlang

Debugging functional programming is arguably significantly easier than other programming paradigms because of its modularity and lack of side effects.

If something went wrong in your software using OOP, you would have to think about what other parts of your program might have done previously that could affect your program’s state. With functional programming, you can pinpoint the exact function where something went wrong, because certain things can only happen at one point.

For example, let’s say we had a counter that skipped the number 5.

In this program, if you want to test it, you’d have to keep track of the global state of count, and run the `increment()` function 5 times to make sure it worked, every single time. `increment()` returns something different every time it is called, so you need to use a debugger to step through your program.

Meanwhile, if you wrote this function in a functional way:

We don’t need to run `pureIncrement()` multiple times to check this. You can easily unit test the function because it will always return the same thing with the same input, and there is no variable being modified (remember, immutability)!

Now, that isn’t to say that you’ll never use a debugger (I won’t get into that in this article), but by having everything written into smaller chunks and free from side effects, your errors will be much faster to pinpoint, and won’t be dependent on the environment they’re being run in.

Reusability

As you saw in our student example, we broke down the functions into smaller functions. In every functional program you write, you break functions down to be as small as they can be. It’s kind of like breaking up a complex math problem into parenthesis.

Let’s say that you want to solve a math problem, like:

(6 * 9) / ((4 + 2) + (4 * 3)) If you were doing this by hand, you could break up the problem by adding/multiplying all of the numbers, combining what is in the parenthesis, and then dividing the results.

If you were doing this in a functional language, like Lisp, for example, it looks incredibly similar:

This is why functional programming is often referred to as “pure programming!" Functions run as if they are evaluating mathematical functions, with no unintended side effects.

“Purity” cartoon by xkcd with fields arranged by purity, with "more pure" on the right, and a stick figure under each. From the left is the sociologist, psychologist, biologist, chemist, physicist, finally, substantially farther over, the mathematician

“ Purity ” by xkcd is licensed under CC BY-NC 2.5

When you have such small, pure functions, you can often reuse them much more easily than your traditional object-oriented program. This is a controversial take (if you look up “functional programming reuse” you will find many discussions and podcasts on the subject), so hang in with me here: When you want to reuse a class in OOP and add a feature, typically you add conditionals and parameters, and your functions get larger. Your abstract classes and interfaces get pretty robust. You have to pay careful attention to the larger application architecture because of side effects and other factors that will affect your program (like we talked about before). In functional programming, it’s the opposite in that your functions get smaller and much more specific to what you want. One function does one thing, and whenever you want to do that one thing, you use that one function.

There are exceptions in every system, of course, but this is generally what you see in various codebases out in the world!

Okay, okay, I’m sold. How do I get started?

If you’re already comfortable with JavaScript or Python, you can get started right away trying out functional programming concepts like we’ve talked about here. If you’d like to get more into the nitty-gritty of “pure” languages that are designed for functional programming, you can try out the Lisp family (including Common Lisp, Scheme, and Clojure), the ML family (including OCaml and F#), Erlang, Elixir, Elm, or Haskell.

Functional programming can be a little mind-bending as you get used to it. But if you give it a chance and try it out, your development and production environments will be robust, your software will be easier to debug, and you’ll enjoy the guarantees you get from the solid foundations of functional programming!

Hi, I'm Cassidy! I'm based in Chicago, and I love coding, jokes, and mechanical keyboards. ⌨️  My favorite thing to do is help others to be the best that they can be, and I pursue that through teaching, building demos and starter projects on my GitHub, speaking, my newsletter, my live streams, mentoring, advising startups, and even just by making memes. 🤪 You can check out most of these things  here . Building for the web has been a blast for me since I was a teenager, and I have no plans of stopping anytime soon!

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  • Python Program to Check Prime Number
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  • Python Program to Make a Simple Calculator
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  • Python Program to Capitalize the First Character of a String
  • Python Program to Compute all the Permutation of the String
  • Python Program to Create a Countdown Timer
  • Python Program to Count the Number of Occurrence of a Character in String
  • Python Program to Remove Duplicate Element From a List
  • Python Program to Convert Bytes to a String
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Linear Programming using Pyomo

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Machine Learning Geek

Solving Assignment Problem using Linear Programming in Python

Learn how to use Python PuLP to solve Assignment problems using Linear Programming.

In earlier articles, we have seen various applications of Linear programming such as transportation, transshipment problem, Cargo Loading problem, and shift-scheduling problem. Now In this tutorial, we will focus on another model that comes under the class of linear programming model known as the Assignment problem. Its objective function is similar to transportation problems. Here we minimize the objective function time or cost of manufacturing the products by allocating one job to one machine.

If we want to solve the maximization problem assignment problem then we subtract all the elements of the matrix from the highest element in the matrix or multiply the entire matrix by –1 and continue with the procedure. For solving the assignment problem, we use the Assignment technique or Hungarian method, or Flood’s technique.

The transportation problem is a special case of the linear programming model and the assignment problem is a special case of transportation problem, therefore it is also a special case of the linear programming problem.

In this tutorial, we are going to cover the following topics:

Assignment Problem

A problem that requires pairing two sets of items given a set of paired costs or profit in such a way that the total cost of the pairings is minimized or maximized. The assignment problem is a special case of linear programming.

For example, an operation manager needs to assign four jobs to four machines. The project manager needs to assign four projects to four staff members. Similarly, the marketing manager needs to assign the 4 salespersons to 4 territories. The manager’s goal is to minimize the total time or cost.

Problem Formulation

A manager has prepared a table that shows the cost of performing each of four jobs by each of four employees. The manager has stated his goal is to develop a set of job assignments that will minimize the total cost of getting all 4 jobs.  

Assignment Problem

Initialize LP Model

In this step, we will import all the classes and functions of pulp module and create a Minimization LP problem using LpProblem class.

Define Decision Variable

In this step, we will define the decision variables. In our problem, we have two variable lists: workers and jobs. Let’s create them using  LpVariable.dicts()  class.  LpVariable.dicts()  used with Python’s list comprehension.  LpVariable.dicts()  will take the following four values:

  • First, prefix name of what this variable represents.
  • Second is the list of all the variables.
  • Third is the lower bound on this variable.
  • Fourth variable is the upper bound.
  • Fourth is essentially the type of data (discrete or continuous). The options for the fourth parameter are  LpContinuous  or  LpInteger .

Let’s first create a list route for the route between warehouse and project site and create the decision variables using LpVariable.dicts() the method.

Define Objective Function

In this step, we will define the minimum objective function by adding it to the LpProblem  object. lpSum(vector)is used here to define multiple linear expressions. It also used list comprehension to add multiple variables.

Define the Constraints

Here, we are adding two types of constraints: Each job can be assigned to only one employee constraint and Each employee can be assigned to only one job. We have added the 2 constraints defined in the problem by adding them to the LpProblem  object.

Solve Model

In this step, we will solve the LP problem by calling solve() method. We can print the final value by using the following for loop.

From the above results, we can infer that Worker-1 will be assigned to Job-1, Worker-2 will be assigned to job-3, Worker-3 will be assigned to Job-2, and Worker-4 will assign with job-4.

In this article, we have learned about Assignment problems, Problem Formulation, and implementation using the python PuLp library. We have solved the Assignment problem using a Linear programming problem in Python. Of course, this is just a simple case study, we can add more constraints to it and make it more complicated. You can also run other case studies on Cargo Loading problems , Staff scheduling problems . In upcoming articles, we will write more on different optimization problems such as transshipment problem, balanced diet problem. You can revise the basics of mathematical concepts in  this article  and learn about Linear Programming  in this article .

  • Solving Blending Problem in Python using Gurobi
  • Transshipment Problem in Python Using PuLP

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  • Java Arrays
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  • Java Exception Handling
  • Java Programs
  • Java Project
  • Java Collections Interview
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  • Java Programs - Java Programming Examples

Java Basic Programs

  • How to Read and Print an Integer value in Java
  • Ways to read input from console in Java
  • Java Program to Multiply two Floating-Point Numbers
  • Java Program to Swap Two Numbers
  • Java Program to Add Two Binary Strings
  • Java Program to Add two Complex Numbers
  • Java Program to Check if a Given Integer is Odd or Even
  • Java Program to Find the Largest of three Numbers
  • Java Program to Find LCM of Two Numbers
  • Java Program to Find GCD or HCF of Two Numbers
  • Java Program to Display All Prime Numbers from 1 to N
  • Java Program to Find if a Given Year is a Leap Year
  • Java Program to Check Armstrong Number between Two Integers
  • Java Program to Check If a Number is Neon Number or Not
  • Java Program to Check Whether the Character is Vowel or Consonant
  • Java Program for factorial of a number
  • Java Program to Find Sum of Fibonacci Series Numbers of First N Even Indexes
  • Java Program to Calculate Simple Interest
  • Java Program for compound interest
  • Java Program to Find the Perimeter of a Rectangle

Java Pattern Programs

  • Java Program to Print Right Triangle Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Left Triangle Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Pyramid Number Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Reverse Pyramid Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Upper Star Triangle Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Mirror Upper Star Triangle Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Downward Triangle Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Mirror Lower Star Triangle Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Star Pascal’s Triangle
  • Java Program to Print Diamond Shape Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Square Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Pyramid Star Pattern
  • Java Program to Print Spiral Pattern of Numbers

Java Conversion Programs

  • Java Program to Convert Binary to Octal
  • Java Program to Convert Octal to Decimal
  • Java Program For Decimal to Octal Conversion
  • Java Program For Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion
  • Java Program For Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion
  • Java Program for Decimal to Binary Conversion
  • Boolean toString() method in Java with examples
  • Convert String to Double in Java
  • Java Program to Convert Double to String
  • Java Program to Convert String to Long
  • Java Program to Convert Long to String
  • Java Program For Int to Char Conversion
  • Java Program to Convert Char to Int

Java Classes and Object Programs

  • Classes and Objects in Java
  • Abstract Class in Java
  • Singleton Method Design Pattern in Java
  • Interfaces in Java
  • Encapsulation in Java
  • Inheritance in Java
  • Abstraction in Java
  • Difference Between Data Hiding and Abstraction in Java
  • Polymorphism in Java
  • Method Overloading in Java
  • Overriding in Java
  • Super Keyword in Java
  • 'this' reference in Java
  • static Keyword in Java
  • Access Modifiers in Java

Java Methods Programs

  • Java main() Method - public static void main(String[] args)
  • Difference between static and non-static method in Java
  • HashTable forEach() method in Java with Examples
  • StringBuilder toString() method in Java with Examples
  • StringBuffer codePointAt() method in Java with Examples
  • How compare() method works in Java
  • Short equals() method in Java with Examples
  • Difference Between next() and hasNext() Method in Java Collections
  • What does start() function do in multithreading in Java?
  • Difference between Thread.start() and Thread.run() in Java

Java Searching Programs

  • Java Program for Linear Search
  • Binary Search in Java
  • Java Program To Recursively Linearly Search An Element In An Array

Java 1-D Array Programs

  • Check if a value is present in an Array in Java
  • Java Program to find largest element in an array
  • Arrays.sort() in Java with examples
  • Java Program to Sort the Array Elements in Descending Order
  • Java Program to Sort the Elements of an Array in Ascending Order
  • Remove duplicates from Sorted Array
  • Java Program to Merge Two Arrays
  • Java Program to Check if two Arrays are Equal or not
  • Remove all occurrences of an element from Array in Java
  • Java Program to Find Common Elements Between Two Arrays
  • Array Copy in Java
  • Java Program For Array Rotation

Java 2-D Arrays (Matrix) Programs

  • Print a 2 D Array or Matrix in Java
  • Java Program to Add two Matrices
  • Sorting a 2D Array according to values in any given column in Java
  • Java Program to Find Transpose of Matrix
  • Java Program to Find the Determinant of a Matrix
  • Java Program to Find the Normal and Trace of a Matrix
  • Java Program to Print Boundary Elements of the Matrix
  • Java Program to Rotate Matrix Elements
  • Java Program to Compute the Sum of Diagonals of a Matrix
  • Java Program to Interchange Elements of First and Last in a Matrix Across Rows
  • Java Program to Interchange Elements of First and Last in a Matrix Across Columns

Java String Programs

  • Java Program to get a character from a String
  • Replace a character at a specific index in a String in Java
  • Reverse a string in Java
  • Java Program to Reverse a String using Stack
  • Sort a String in Java (2 different ways)
  • Swapping Pairs of Characters in a String in Java
  • Check if a given string is Pangram in Java
  • Print first letter of each word in a string using regex
  • Java Program to Determine the Unicode Code Point at Given Index in String
  • Remove Leading Zeros From String in Java
  • Compare two Strings in Java
  • Compare two strings lexicographically in Java
  • Java program to print Even length words in a String
  • Insert a String into another String in Java
  • Split a String into a Number of Substrings in Java

Java List Programs

  • Initializing a List in Java
  • How to Find a Sublist in a List in Java?
  • Min and Max in a List in Java
  • Split a List into Two Halves in Java
  • How to remove a SubList from a List in Java
  • How to Remove Duplicates from ArrayList in Java
  • How to sort an ArrayList in Ascending Order in Java
  • Get first and last elements from ArrayList in Java
  • Convert a List of String to a comma separated String in Java
  • How to Add Element at First and Last Position of LinkedList in Java?
  • Find common elements in two ArrayLists in Java
  • Remove repeated elements from ArrayList in Java

Java Date and Time Programs

  • Java Program to Format Time in AM-PM format
  • Java Program to Display Dates of a Calendar Year in Different Format
  • Java Program to Display Current Date and Time
  • Java Program to Display Time in Different Country Format
  • How to Convert Local Time to GMT in Java?

Java File Programs

  • Java Program to Create a New File
  • Java Program to Create a Temporary File
  • Java Program to Rename a File
  • Java Program to Make a File Read-Only
  • Comparing Path of Two Files in Java
  • Different Ways to Copy Content From One File to Another File in Java
  • Java Program to Print all the Strings that Match a Given Pattern from a File
  • Java Program to Append a String in an Existing File
  • Java Program to Read Content From One File and Write it into Another File
  • Java Program to Read and Print All Files From a Zip File

Java Directory Programs

  • Java Program to Traverse in a Directory
  • Java Program to Get the Size of a Directory
  • Java Program to Delete a directory
  • Java Program to Create Directories Recursively
  • Java Program to Search for a File in a Directory
  • Java Program to Find Current Working Directory
  • Java Program to List all Files in a Directory and Nested Sub-Directories

Java Exceptions and Errors Programs

  • Exceptions in Java
  • Types of Errors in Java with Examples
  • Java Program to Handle the Exception Hierarchies
  • Java Program to Handle the Exception Methods
  • Java Program to Handle Checked Exception
  • Java Program to Handle Unchecked Exception
  • Java Program to Handle Divide By Zero and Multiple Exceptions
  • Unreachable Code Error in Java
  • Thread Interference and Memory Consistency Errors in Java

Java Collections Programs

  • Collections in Java
  • How to Print a Collection in Java?
  • Java Program to Compare Elements in a Collection
  • Java Program to Get the Size of Collection and Verify that Collection is Empty
  • Collections.shuffle() Method in Java with Examples
  • Collections.reverse() Method in Java with Examples
  • Java Program to Change a Collection to an Array
  • Convert an Array into Collection in Java
  • How to Replace a Element in Java ArrayList?
  • Java Program to Rotate Elements of the List
  • How to iterate any Map in Java

Java Multithreading Programs

  • Thread isAlive() Method in Java With Examples
  • How to Temporarily Stop a Thread in Java?
  • Joining Threads in Java
  • Daemon Thread in Java

Java More Java Programs

  • Program to Print Fibonacci Series in Java
  • How to convert LinkedList to Array in Java?
  • Program to Convert a Vector to List in Java
  • Convert a String to a List of Characters in Java
  • Convert an Iterator to a List in Java
  • Program to Convert List to Map in Java
  • Program to Convert List to Stream in Java
  • Convert List to Set in Java
  • Java Program to Convert InputStream to String
  • Convert Set of String to Array of String in Java
  • Java Program to Convert String to Object
  • How to Convert a String value to Byte value in Java with Examples

Java Programs – Java Programming Examples

Java is one of the most popular programming languages today because of its simplicity. Java programming concepts such as control statements, Arrays, Strings, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) , etc. are very important from an interview perspective as well as from exams. 

So, whether you are a fresher preparing for job interviews or a beginner who has covered Java Fundamentals and wants to practice Java concepts then, this J ava Programming Examples page covers a wide range of Java programs in an organized manner.

In this article, we will learn and prepare for Interviews using Java Programming Examples . From basic Java programs like the Fibonacci series , Prime numbers , Factorial numbers , and Palindrome numbers to advanced Java programs.

Java Programs

So, keep scrolling or bookmark this page to learn about Java (Basic to Advanced) using Java Programming Examples.

Table of Content

This section, “Java Basic Programs,” provides a launchpad if you are new to Java programming. Here, you’ll encounter a collection of fundamental Java programs, that is crafted to introduce you to the core syntax, data structures, and control flow mechanisms of Java development.

  • Java Program to Read The Number From Standard Input
  • Java Program to Get Input from the User
  • Java Program to Multiply Two Floating-Point Numbers
  • Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers
  • Java Program to Check Even or Odd Integers
  • Java Program to Find Largest Among 3 Numbers
  • Java Program to Find LCM of 2 numbers
  • Java Program to Find GCD or HCF of 2 numbers
  • Java Program to Check Leap Year
  • Java Program to Check whether the input number is a Neon Number
  • Java Program to Check whether input character is vowel or consonant
  • Java Program to Find Factorial of a number
  • Java Program to Find Even Sum of Fibonacci Series Till number N
  • Java Program to Calculate Compound Interest

In this section, you will get a list of Java programming language that deals with patterns. By meticulously arranging stars, numbers, or characters, you’ll not only solidify your grasp of Java loops and control structures but also discover the aesthetic side of programming.

  • Java Program to Print Star Pascal’s Triangle
  • Java Program to Print Diamond Star Pattern

Java Conversion Programs put your coding skills to the test. Here, you’ll encounter a series of exercises designed to strengthen your ability to transform data, like converting Binary to Decimal and more.

  • Java Program For Binary to Octal Conversion
  • Java Program For Octal to Decimal Conversion
  • Java Program For Decimal to Binary Conversion
  • Java Program For Binary to Decimal Conversion
  • Java Program For Boolean to String Conversion
  • Java Program For String to Double Conversion
  • Java Program For Double to String Conversion
  • Java Program For String to Long Conversion
  • Java Program For Long to String Conversion
  • Java Program For Char to Int Conversion

Here in this section, you will dive into the world of classes, acting as blueprints for objects, and objects themselves, the real-life entities.

  • Java Program to Create a Class and Object
  • Java Program to Create Abstract Class
  • Java Program to Create Singleton Class
  • Java Program to Create an Interface
  • Java Program to Show Encapsulation in Class
  • Java Program to Show Inheritance in Class
  • Java Program to Show Abstraction in Class
  • Java Program to Show Data Hiding in Class
  • Java Program to Show Polymorphism in Class
  • Java Program to Show Overloading of Methods in Class
  • Java Program to Show Overriding of Methods in Classes
  • Java Program to Show Use of Super Keyword in Class
  • Java Program to Show Use of This Keyword in Class
  • Java Program to Show Usage of Static keyword in Class
  • Java Program to Show Usage of Access Modifier

This section unlocks the secrets of methods, the building blocks of reusability in object-oriented programming. Here, you’ll embark on a hands-on journey, crafting and wielding methods like a programming pro.

  • Java Program to Show Usage of Main() method
  • Java Program to Show Use of Static and Non-static Methods
  • Java Program to Show Usage of forEach() Method
  • Java Program to Show Usage of toString() Method
  • Java Program to Show Usage of codePointAt() Method
  • Java Program to Show Usage of compare() Method
  • Java Program to Show Usage of equals() Method
  • Java Program to Show Usage of hasNext() and next() Method
  • start() Method
  • run() Method

Looking for the Java Search related programs, hence here in this section we have listed down multiple searching Java programming examples.

  • Java Program For Linear Search
  • Java Program For Binary Search
  • Java Program to Recursively Linearly Search an Element in an Array

This section is all about organizing things in your Java code. Here, you’ll learn how to create these “cabinets,” put things in them, and take them out whenever you need them.

  • Java Program to Search an Element in an Array
  • Java Program to Find the Largest Element in an Array
  • Java Program to Sort an Array
  • Java Program to Sort the Elements of an Array in Descending Order
  • Java Program to Remove Duplicate Elements From an Array
  • Java Program to Check if Two Arrays Are Equal or Not
  • Java Program to Remove All Occurrences of an Element in an Array
  • Java Program to Find Common Array Elements
  • Java Program to Copy All the Elements of One Array to Another Array

This section dives into two-dimensional arrays, which are like spreadsheets for your code. Imagine organizing data in rows and columns, perfect for things like tables or images.

  • Java Program to Print a 2D Array
  • Java Program to Add Two Matrices
  • Java Program to Sort the 2D Array Across Columns
  • Java Program to Check Whether Two Matrices Are Equal or Not
  • Java Program to Find the Transpose
  • Java Program to Find the Determinant
  • Java Program to Find the Normal and Trace
  • Java Program to Print Boundary Elements of a Matrix

In this section, you will dive deep into working with text in Java. You’ll learn to manipulate, analyze, and modify strings, the fundamental building blocks of text data, with the help of multiple Java String programs.

  • Java Program to Get a Character From the Given String
  • Java Program to Replace a Character at a Specific Index
  • Java Program to Reverse a String
  • Java Program to Reverse a String Using Stacks
  • Java Program to Sort a String
  • Java Program to Swapping Pair of Characters
  • Java Program to Check Whether the Given String is Pangram
  • Java Program to Print first letter of each word using regex
  • Java Program to Determine the Unicode Code Point at a given index
  • Java Program to Remove leading zeros
  • Java Program to Compare two strings
  • Java Program to Compare two strings lexicographically
  • Java Program to Print even length words
  • Java Program to Insert a string into another string
  • Java Program to Splitting into a number of sub-strings

Dive into the world of Java Lists, a fundamental data structure in Java. Here, you’ll learn how to store, access, and manipulate elements in a specific sequence.

  • Java Program to Initializing a List
  • Java Program to Find a Sublist in a List
  • Java Program to Get Minimum and Maximum From a List
  • Java Program to Split a list into Two Halves
  • Java Program to Remove a Sublist from a List
  • Java Program to Remove Duplicates from an Array List
  • Java Program to Remove Null from a List container
  • Java Program to Sort Array List in an Ascending Order
  • Java Program to Get First and Last Elements from an Array List
  • Java Program to Convert a List of String to Comma Separated String
  • Java Program to Add Element at First and Last Position of a Linked list
  • Java Program to Find Common Elements in Two ArrayList
  • Java Program to Remove Repeated Element From An ArrayList

This section gives you to handle the ever-changing world of dates and times within your Java programs. Explore the working with calendars, timestamps, and time manipulation – essential skills for building applications that deal with deadlines, scheduling, or even historical data analysis.

  • Java Program to Format time in AM-PM format
  • Java Program to Display Dates of Calendar Year in Different Format
  • Java Program to Display current date and time
  • Java Program to Display time in different country’s format
  • Java Program to Convert the local Time to GMT

Java File Programs empowers you to interact with files in Java. This section dives deep into reading, writing, and manipulating data stored outside your program.

  • Java Program to Create a new file
  • Java Program to Create a temporary file
  • Java Program to Write into a file
  • Java Program to Rename a file in java
  • Java Program to Compare Paths of Two files
  • Java Program to Copy one file into another file
  • Java Program to Print all the Pattern that Matches Given Pattern From a File
  • Java Program to Read content from one file and writing it into another file
  • Java Program to Read and printing all files from a zip file

This section navigate you to the world of directories and files in Java. Through this Java programming examples “Java Directory” section you’ll master creating, manipulating, and interacting with directories.

  • Java Program to Traverse in a directory
  • Java Program to Get the size of a directory
  • Java Program to Delete a Directory
  • Java Program to Create directories recursively
  • Java Program to Search for a file in a directory
  • Java Program to Find the current working directory
  • Java Program to Display all the directories in a directory

Through a series of hands-on exercises on Java Exceptions and Errors Handling programs, you will easily get to know how to become a good Java programmer.

  • Java Program to Show Runtime Exceptions
  • Java Program to Show Types of Errors
  • Java program to Handle the Checked exceptions
  • Java Program to Handle the Unchecked Exceptions
  • Java Program to Show Unreachable Code Error
  • Java Program to Show Thread interface and memory consistency errors

Java Collections is not just about storing your data in Java; So practicing Java Collections programs will help you boost your organization skills. Get deep down into lists, sets, maps, and more, and discover how to structure your data effectively to build robust and efficient Java applications.

  • Java Program to Use Different Types of Collection
  • Java Program to Print a Collection
  • Java Program to Get the Size of the Collection
  • Java Program to Shuffle the Elements of a Collection
  • Java Program to Reverse a Collection
  • Java Program to Convert Collection into Array
  • Java Program to Convert Array into Collection
  • Java Program to Replace Elements in a List
  • Java Program to Rotate Elements of a List
  • Java Program to Iterate through Elements of HashMap

In this section you will get hand on Java Multithreading programs. It will help you to conquer the art of threading, a technique that lets your program handle multiple tasks seemingly at once.

  • Java Program to Check the Thread Status
  • Java Program to Suspend a thread
  • Java Program to Join Threads
  • Java Program to Show Daemon Thread

This section extends your coding experience with a diverse array of programs that explore more intricate functionalities. Brace yourself to tackle problems that involve algorithms, data manipulation, and object-oriented programming concepts.

  • Java Program to Print Fibonacci Series in Different Ways
  • Java Program to Convert Linked List to an Array
  • Java Program to Convert Vector to a List
  • Java Program to Convert String to a List of Characters
  • Java Program to Convert Iterator to a List
  • Java Program to Convert List to a Map
  • Java Program to Convert List to a Stream
  • Java Program to Convert List to Set
  • Java Program to Convert Set of String to Array of String
  • Java Program to Convert string value to byte value

In this article, we dealt with a variety of Java programming questions categorized as basic programs, control statements, Arrays , Strings , OOPs , and much more that are frequently asked in interviews and exams.

Each Java program will give you a different approach to solving a particular problem in Java. If you are new to Java programming, we highly recommend you to go through our article on Java tutorial , where we’ve covered all the basics and advanced topics of Java programming with practical examples and programs.

Click Here to Check out Java Exercise to Practice Java Problems Online.

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  1. Assignment Operators in Programming

    Assignment operators are used in programming to assign values to variables. We use an assignment operator to store and update data within a program. They enable programmers to store data in variables and manipulate that data. The most common assignment operator is the equals sign (=), which assigns the value on the right side of the operator to ...

  2. Assignment (computer science)

    Assignment (computer science) In computer programming, an assignment statement sets and/or re-sets the value stored in the storage location (s) denoted by a variable name; in other words, it copies a value into the variable. In most imperative programming languages, the assignment statement (or expression) is a fundamental construct.

  3. 10 Coding Projects for Beginners

    Here are 10 basic coding projects for beginners: 1. Build a chess game. Building a chess game is a great way to hone your ability to think like a developer. It'll also allow you to practice using algorithms, as you'll have to create not only the board and game pieces but also the specific moves that each piece can make. 2.

  4. Assignment

    Discussion. The assignment operator allows us to change the value of a modifiable data object (for beginning programmers this typically means a variable). It is associated with the concept of moving a value into the storage location (again usually a variable). Within most programming languages the symbol used for assignment is the equal symbol.

  5. Python's Assignment Operator: Write Robust Assignments

    To create a new variable or to update the value of an existing one in Python, you'll use an assignment statement. This statement has the following three components: A left operand, which must be a variable. The assignment operator ( =) A right operand, which can be a concrete value, an object, or an expression.

  6. Different Forms of Assignment Statements in Python

    Multiple- target assignment: x = y = 75. print(x, y) In this form, Python assigns a reference to the same object (the object which is rightmost) to all the target on the left. OUTPUT. 75 75. 7. Augmented assignment : The augmented assignment is a shorthand assignment that combines an expression and an assignment.

  7. Assignment Operators In C++

    In C++, the addition assignment operator (+=) combines the addition operation with the variable assignment allowing you to increment the value of variable by a specified expression in a concise and efficient way. Syntax. variable += value; This above expression is equivalent to the expression: variable = variable + value; Example.

  8. What is an Assignment?

    Assignment: An assignment is a statement in computer programming that is used to set a value to a variable name. The operator used to do assignment is denoted with an equal sign (=). This operand works by assigning the value on the right-hand side of the operand to the operand on the left-hand side. It is possible for the same variable to hold ...

  9. What are Assignment Statement: Definition, Assignment Statement ...

    An Assignment statement is a statement that is used to set a value to the variable name in a program. Assignment statement allows a variable to hold different types of values during its program lifespan. Another way of understanding an assignment statement is, it stores a value in the memory location which is denoted.

  10. Assignments

    Introductory Programming Courses. Archived DSpace Course. Assignments. pdf. 98 kB Getting Started: Python and IDLE. file. 193 B shapes. file. 3 kB subjects. file. 634 kB words. pdf. 52 kB Problem Set 0. pdf. 66 kB Problem Set 1. pdf. 55 kB ...

  11. Assignment Operators in C

    Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand. C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C. +=. Add AND assignment operator. It adds the right operand to the left operand and assign the result to the left operand. C += A is equivalent to C = C + A. -=.

  12. Planning a programming project (article)

    Planning a programming project. Becoming a programmer isn't just about learning the syntax and the concepts of a programming language: it's about figuring out how to use that knowledge to make programs. You've made a bunch of programs in this course, in the challenges and projects, but now you should come up with ideas for new programs - ideas ...

  13. Java Operators: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical and more

    For example, + is an operator used for addition, while * is also an operator used for multiplication. Operators in Java can be classified into 5 types: Arithmetic Operators. Assignment Operators. Relational Operators. Logical Operators. Unary Operators. Bitwise Operators. 1.

  14. Python Exercises, Practice, Challenges

    These free exercises are nothing but Python assignments for the practice where you need to solve different programs and challenges. All exercises are tested on Python 3. Each exercise has 10-20 Questions. The solution is provided for every question. These Python programming exercises are suitable for all Python developers.

  15. Assignments

    This section provides the course assignments, supporting files, and solutions. Browse Course Material Syllabus Calendar Lecture Notes Labs ... assignment_turned_in Programming Assignments with Examples. Download Course. Over 2,500 courses & materials Freely sharing knowledge with learners and educators around the world.

  16. Functional Programming 101 · GitHub

    In object-oriented programming (OOP), you create "objects" (hence the name), which are structures that have data and methods. In functional programming, everything is a function. Functional programming tries to keep data and behavior separate, and OOP brings those concepts together. "Functional programming [is] a paradigm that forces us ...

  17. Python Examples

    All Examples. Files. Python Program to Print Hello world! Python Program to Add Two Numbers. Python Program to Find the Square Root. Python Program to Calculate the Area of a Triangle. Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation. Python Program to Swap Two Variables. Python Program to Generate a Random Number.

  18. What are Operators in Programming?

    Assignment operators in programming are used to assign values to variables. They are essential for storing and updating data within a program. Here are common assignment operators: Operator Description Examples = (Assignment) Assigns the value on the right to the variable on the left. x = 10; assigns the value 10 to the variable x. += (Addition ...

  19. Assignment Operators in C Example

    The Assignment operators in C are some of the Programming operators that are useful for assigning the values to the declared variables. Equals (=) operator is the most commonly used assignment operator. For example: int i = 10; The below table displays all the assignment operators present in C Programming with an example. C Assignment Operators.

  20. Solving Assignment Problem using Linear Programming in Python

    Assignment Problem. A problem that requires pairing two sets of items given a set of paired costs or profit in such a way that the total cost of the pairings is minimized or maximized. The assignment problem is a special case of linear programming. For example, an operation manager needs to assign four jobs to four machines.

  21. Assignment Operators in C

    Different types of assignment operators are shown below: 1. "=": This is the simplest assignment operator. This operator is used to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. Example: a = 10; b = 20; ch = 'y'; 2. "+=": This operator is combination of '+' and '=' operators. This operator first adds the current ...

  22. HTML Assignment| HTML Exercise and Examples

    Assignment 1. Assignment 2. Assignment 3. Assignment 4 (Web Infomax Invoice) Assignment 5 (Web Layout) Assignment 6 (Periodic Table) UNIT - 6.

  23. Python Operators

    Assignment Operators in Python. Let's see an example of Assignment Operators in Python. Example: The code starts with 'a' and 'b' both having the value 10. It then performs a series of operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and a left shift operation on 'b'.

  24. c

    I want to optimize the speed of the following program, which uses the index obtained from obtindex1 to perform assignments faster than obtindex0, but not as fast as I want. The following program can be run directly. This is just one example of index1 and index2, there are other possibilities, and the data scale could be much larger.

  25. Java Programs

    Java is one of the most popular programming languages today because of its simplicity. Java programming concepts such as control statements, Arrays, Strings, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), etc. are very important from an interview perspective as well as from exams. So, whether you are a fresher preparing for job interviews or a beginner who has covered Java Fundamentals and wants to ...