how to make presentation conversational

What is Conversational Presenting and Why You Should Give It a Try

Presentations are far from being dead.

With 30 million PowerPoint presentations delivered every single day, they’re doing better than ever.

But the fact is that many of these presentations are broken. They just don’t work.

Many blame it on “Death by PowerPoint”, but it’s not about the tool.

It’s about the way we deliver information.

We are stuck in a century-old, passive style of one-way information broadcast. And that format simply doesn’t comply with the 21st century.

The numbers speak for themselves: According to Prezi’s recent research, only 4% of people said that they find linear, one-way presentations engaging and memorable.

Alarming number. Yet, presenters around the world still follow the status quo because there seem to be no immediate consequences for not changing it.

But what about the $37 billion wasted yearly on ineffective meetings, largely due to ineffective presentations? Or, the 58% of content forgotten, in just 20 minutes into the presentation?

The stats have it that poor presentations do translate into real consequences.

Now let’s take a look at how to fix them.

What is Conversational Presenting?

Here comes the only definition in this article.

Conversational presenting is about delivering a presentation that gives your audience multiple opportunities for structured interaction.

This is what it means in reality.

Let’s think about a traditional presentation for a moment. What words come to your mind?

We asked this question to people during dozens of our presentations.

And this is what we got. Each time.

Then we asked our audience what word comes to their minds when they think of an impactful presentation?

The responses flowed in and this was the result:

Conversational presenting is ultimately about making your presentations everything that’s on the second word cloud .

Interactive, engaging, fun. But above all, impactful.

How is Conversational Presenting different?

At its core, Conversational Presenting does not differ much from a presentation format that you know – you still deliver your content.

But unlike traditional presentations, Conversational Presenting brings another element into the equation: Interaction .

Adding interactive activities and facilitation techniques into your flow will help you break the one-way content stream into bite-size pieces.

In practice, it’s about creating a short break for structured interaction after each chunk of content and allowing your participants to think about and respond to your talk.

There are various tech-based and non-tech-based interactive activities and facilitation techniques you can leverage, but more on that later.

Let’s take a closer look at how conversational presentation differs from a traditional presentation format.

Traditional presentation

• Speaker talks one-way with minimal breaks
• Participants are locked in to listen passively
• Speaker questions are rhetorical and don’t invite participation
• When participants’ attention shifts, it is rarely regained
• Participant-to-participant discussions are not created

Conversational presentation

• Speaker talks with frequent breaks to receive feedback from the audience
• Participants are encouraged to participate and share their views
• Speaker questions are responded to by show of hands or voting on live polls
• As attention drops, the speaker uses an interactive activity to regain it
• Speaker creates a space for people to have a discussion

Who is Conversational Presenting for?

You can make use of Conversational Presenting in various different situations.

You may be an educator, looking to maintain your students’ attention. Or, you may be a professional speaker, whose goal is to connect with your audience and make your speech more powerful.

Let’s break down the four main use cases and see to what end you can leverage Conversational Presenting strategies.

1. Company meetings & Team meetings

If you’re a manager or a leader who runs meetings on a regular basis, you’ve surely contemplated ways to make sure your gatherings don’t make the infamous stats of ineffective meetings. See what Conversational Presenting can do for you:

• Increase meeting efficiency
• Make sure the team get the message
• Communicate more transparently with the team
• Give a safe space for your team to give feedback
• Re-engage the team during a lengthy meeting

Conversational Presenting in real life: During Slido’s monthly all-hands meetings, our CEO, Peter Komornik, likes to re-engage our teammates by sparking discussions in the room. For example, he asks our colleagues to turn to their partner and discuss the biggest highlights of the last month. He then encourages us to submit our highlights into Slido to see what others have picked. He often asks several people in the audience to share the reason why this particular thing means a lot to them.

2. Conferences

You may only have a few speaking gigs spaced out during the year, but why not make the most of the opportunity and give a speech that your audience will remember. Employ Conversational Presenting methods to:

• Make your presentations stand out
• Engage your audience
• Open conversations with your attendees
• Bring an entertaining element to your talks

Conversational Presenting in real life: Mark Cooper, CEO of IACC, used a series of five live polls to make the delivery of the report on ‘Meeting Room of the Future’ more engaging. He spaced out polls every 10 minutes to hear audience feedback on the findings and to look at where the industry is going. Midway through, he also created a roundtable discussion on the topic ‘What do you think a venue focused on meetings will look like in 5 years?’, to get people to connect and share ideas.

3. Lectures & classes

If you’re in the EDU sector, you probably know best how hard it is to make every presentation interesting and inspiring. Conversational Presenting can arm you with a toolkit to:

• Maintain your students’ attention
• Maximize the learning during your class
• Check for student understanding
• Create a safe space for discussions
• Receive your students’ instant feedback
• Add some fun into your classes

Conversational Presenting in real life: Brian McFee, Assistant Professor at NYU, uses Slido to run a problem-solving exercise every 10-15 minutes of his lecture. First, he lets each student work on it individually and submit the answers into Slido. Then, he poses the same question, but this time, he asks students to work on the problem in pairs. Seeing the real-time answers from students allows him to see if students understand the content he’s presenting, and uncover any weak spots.

Related read: Free Ebook: How to Improve Conversation in Your Classroom

4. Training sessions & workshops

Being a trainer, you’ve probably never stopped looking for ideas to make your training as valuable as possible for your participants. Conversational Presenting can offer you a helping hand there to:

• Make your training more participatory
• Maximize the value of the time spent together
• Encourage people to take learning into their own hands
• Create space for people to put theory into practice

Conversational Presenting in real life: During the 2-day leadership workshop, Lukas Bakos, managing director at Maxman Consultants, split the group into pairs and ask everyone to write their TOP 10 on a certain topic for each round (topics ranged from the 10 most visited sites according to Lonely Planet, to the 10 best-selling cars in history). He spaced out the rounds after breaks throughout the day, so the group had an incentive to get back to the room on time.

How do you give a Conversational Presentation?

Now, to the fun part. How do you actually make your next presentation engaging and conversational? 

Don’t worry, it’s not rocket science. With the right toolkit and some skill in facilitation, you can start giving presentations that your audience will love as quick as lightning.

Learn the basics of Conversational Presenting in the article below.

Start with Conversational Presenting

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18 Ways to Make Your Presentation More Interactive

November 10, 2017 - Dom Barnard

It can be difficult to hold your audience’s attention for the entire presentation. According to a  Prezi study , half of the respondents said they did something other than listen during a co-worker’s presentation, including:

• Sending a text message (28%)
• Checking emails (27%)
• Falling asleep (17%)

An interactive presentation is much more likely to keep your audience’s attention and build rapport with them, and there are a few simple ways to achieve this, from live polling to asking questions throughout.

This article explores several different effective strategies for making the audience feel fully involved in your presentation and keeping your audience’s eyes away from their smartphones.

Why involve your audience?

Listening to a presentation for any length of time can be a difficult process. If you don’t involve the audience, they’ll start to play with their phones, talk to colleagues and generally lose track of what you are saying. Once this happens and you start seeing that the audience would rather be somewhere else, you’ll start feeling anxious and might try to speed up the presentation.

To engage a  large audience  fully, the presentation needs to be energetic, purposeful and staged, as if it is a direct conversation between both you and your audience. That way, they’ll absorb your ideas and insights and they’ll have learnt something in an enjoyable way.

1. Plan from the audience’s perspective

Before you start  writing your presentation , think about these points:

• What are the most interesting parts in my topic?
• How much will the audience know about my topic? What level do I target it at?
• Which members of the audience will most likely be disinterested?
• How can I help them learn and understand my topic?
• What is the size of the audience?

You can do this by researching the event or conference, investigating other speakers at the event and even contacting the organisers to find out more about the demographic.

By asking these questions about your audience and identifying answers, you are starting to think about your audience’s interests and needs. Remember, the aim is to give the impression that your presentation has been planned according to your audience’s specific interests.

2. Use an easy-to-follow structure

When building your presentation, focus on giving it a structure which people can easily follow. Start by introducing the core concepts and goals, then elaborate on the various points in a bit more detail, draw logical conclusions and leave your audience with a clear takeaway message. You want to flow naturally from one part to the next like you are telling a big story chapter by chapter.

3. Get the audience immediately involved

You audience will come to your presentation in a range of different moods. Try using a simple ice-breaker to re-energise them and get them focussed on your presentation.

For example, ask people to stand up and introduce themselves to their neighbours, or have them identify two or three questions they would like to hear addressed during your presentation. By starting with an ice-breaker, you show your audience that your talk will be interactive and require their participation.

4. Ask the audience questions during your presentation

The audience’s attention drops to zero after just 10-15 minutes of your presentation. To get their attention back, take a break from your presentation from time to time and interact with your audience. Ask for their questions and answer them during your presentation. This will help clear up any confusion the audience might have.

When planning your presentation, identify opportunities in your material for your audience to ask questions. If you’re not comfortable breaking the flow of your presentation, mention that you’ll be taking  questions at the end  so the audience can prepare some questions.

Asking rhetorical questions as you move through your presentation involves your audience by stimulating their own thought processes. This technique also helps move between sections of your presentation as it establishes a clear transition from one point to another.

If you’re comfortable with taking questions throughout your presentation, use a tools such as  Slido , which allows your audience to ask questions anonymously at any time, so even shy people can participate in the discussion.

Example of what can go wrong with audience interaction

Audience interaction:

Watch how the presenter tries but initially fails to get the audience to interact with the presentation. Notice how he encourages them to get involved and eventually they do join in.

5. Use storytelling to make it more memorable

Since our early ancestors, stories have always been a huge part of human culture and civilisation. Storytelling is the most universal way to captivate your audience’s attention, no matter where they are from or what they do for a living.

Stories are much more engaging and memorable than lists of facts and figures, but you wouldn’t think so looking at the majority of presentations (particularly academic ones).

People automatically tune in when you  start telling your story  because they want to know what happens next. A popular storytelling technique is when you present the status quo and then reveal an improved path to that end goal.

Think of your presentation as one arching narrative. As we mentioned earlier, give it the proper structure with a clear beginning, middle and end. Introduce conflict and provide a powerful resolution that reinforces your key messages.

6. Use non-linear presentation software

Instead of flipping through slide after slide, you can show the relationships between your ideas and give your audience the “big picture” view of your topic. Try letting your audience drive the presentation by laying out all of your main points, and then let them choose which topics they want to go to. Your audience will get a truly custom presentation based on their interests, which they will appreciate and more easily remember.

Prezi, shown above, is a popular non-linear presentation tool.

7. Add in a short video

Billions of hours of YouTube are consumed each month and advertisers have identified videos as having a high  retention rate  for users. However very few presentations ever use videos to engage with their audience.

Find a short video clip that reinforces your story or explains a concept better than words can. You can either embed the video directly into your presentation software or include a link to an external website. Just make sure you test your method on the day of the presentation and have a backup on a USB just in case you need it.

8. Invite people onto the stage

If you’re preparing a particularly long presentation, consider having other people to come on stage and talk for a bit. This will help you narrate the story and make the whole presentation more interactive.

Steve Jobs never pulled off the entire presentation by himself; he always invited several speakers, including designers, partners, and other executives, to help him introduce their latest product. Of course, this technique should always be arranged with your colleagues in advance.

9. Poll the audience

Polls are similar to quizzes in that they engage the audience during the presentation. Polls encourage participants to think not only about your questions but also about their answers. Moreover, live polls help create mental breaks, so your audience can regain attention and stay focused throughout your presentation.

By including everyone in answering the question, you also create a group experience that leaves the audience feeling like they all have been part your presentation.

10. Use (appropriate) humour

Some of the best speeches and presentations in the world feature plenty of humour. No matter the subject, a great speaker will use natural charisma, humour and language to convey their points and get the crowd excited about what they are saying.

A great example of building rapport with the audience through the use of humour is Barrack Obama talking about the government building Iron Man.

Another example is when  Morgan Spurlock  offers individuals the opportunity to buy the rights to name his TED talk—which he refers to again at the end, where he reveals the title. He peppers the entire presentation with humorous commentary that nonetheless supports his point.

Create relevant jokes or find a way to bring out the humour in your subject, and your audience will be much more engaged and more likely to remember your words.

11. Practice your delivery, again and again

Practicing is the most important part of delivering an interactive presentation. You’ll need to practice where to use live quizzes, when to accept questions, which points to emphasise with body language and many more. There are several options for practicing:

Practice Presentation Skills

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• In front of a mirror  – great for seeing and improving your body language, however it can be distracting to what you are saying.
• To friends or colleagues  – a useful way to get feedback on your presentation, try and action the feedback straight away to improve on it. You can also give the person some key areas to focus their feedback on if you believe you are weaker in those areas.
• Virtual reality  – practice in realistic  public speaking environments , whether it be in a virtual conference room or boardroom. Receive feedback on your speech with voice analysis technology.

With all three of these, you’ll want to work on your tone of voice, accent, pauses between sentences and facial expressions. The most important thing is to talk slowly and loudly enough to be heard and understood clearly.

A list of the best presentation skills courses you can practice with:

• Presentation Skills Training Courses

12. Try and relate to the audience

Make comparisons to events from everyday life that most people are more than familiar with. By making things look simple, not only will you help your audience get a better understanding of the subject by enabling them to visualize the information more clearly, you will also draw a connection between you.

After all, you are all just regular people with similar experience, you just happen to be performing different roles at the moment.

13. Strong body language (position, posture and gesture)

Non-verbal communication plays a large part in how we construct meaning, so it makes sense to consider how to use it in your presentation. You can make things more interesting for your audience by using  your body language  to enhance what you’re saying.

Body language goes beyond reinforcing your messaging – it’s useful from a biological standpoint. As discussed in her  body language TED talk , Amy Cuddy’s research found that using ‘assertive’ body language released testosterone and reduced cortisol in both men and women, thereby increasing confidence and decreasing stress.

An effective presenter pays close attention to the physical relationship with her/his audience. If you stand hidden behind an overhead projector or stand too far away from your audience, they will not develop a bond with you and this will limit the effectiveness of your presentation.

Your posture will also dictate levels of audience involvement. If you’re too relaxed and sit slumped in a chair to deliver your talk, the audience might drift away. Find a comfortable but purposeful position in relation to your audience and adopt an upright sitting or standing posture that allows for movement and gesture.

Audiences respond well to the physical energy and enthusiasm being conveyed by a presenter, and thus the use of clear and controlled gestures will greatly enhance your presentation. Gestures that are open and reach out to your audience serve to extend your presentation to them and thus help them feel more involved.

Examples of good body language:

• Use hand gestures when delivering key points
• Use calm, deliberate movements when highlighting certain information
• Keep arms and legs uncrossed

14. Maintain eye contact with all sections of the audience

Making eye contact is one of the most  powerful techniques  for involving your audience. If used well, eye contact can serve to make your address much more personal and thus more effective. If eye contact is avoided, the presenter can appear to be nervous and unconvincing.

It is important to share eye contact with all members of a small audience or all sections of a large audience. Avoid making eye contact with just the people you know, taking particular care not to deliver your entire presentation to the person who’s assessing your work. Remember that you will need to involve the whole audience if you are to make an effective presentation.

If you are nervous, eye contact can be very difficult to establish and maintain. Remember that some eye contact is better than none and that you should try to build your confidence over time.

15. Use live quizzes to better understand your audience

Live quizzes are a great way to understanding your audience better get them engaging with the material.

For example, if you’re giving a presentation on autonomous vehicles, you could ask questions such as:

• When do you think autonomous vehicles will become mainstream?
• Are you concerned by safety issues?
• If someone is injured or killed by the car, who is to blame?

These will surely create some interesting results which you, as the presenter, can talk about and discuss.

16. Use physical props if possible

You don’t need to be giving a product demo to use props during your presentation. Props are a great way to help the audience visually picture what you are talking about. While talking through your presentation, you can refer to the prop at certain points to highlight your point or make it clear to the audience.

Kenny Nguyen  does this will in his TEDx talk on ‘The Art of Saying No’. He refers to the “sword of yes” and “shield of no.” Naturally he picks up a sword and shield from the table to help demonstrate his points.

Another great example is when  Jill Bolte Taylor  brings a real human brain on stage during her TED talk to explain to what happened to her when she had a stroke. She touched the audience with this demonstration and left the audience in complete awe.

17. Extend your usual vocal range

Your tone of voice, your volume, and other vocal aspects affect how people listen and hear your message.

Julian Treasure’s  TED talk on ‘How to speak so that people want to listen’ is all about this, and at the end offers several tips ‘in our toolbox’ for how to master the use of voice, from changing your speaking pace to speaking in a different pitch.

Get feedback from a friend or colleague to see what works best for you.

18. Use language and literary techniques

Your use of language has a huge influence on the way you engage your audience. It’s important to use language your audience understands and is familiar with.

Avoid using language that is too formal or informal, too technical or too simplistic depending upon the nature of your talk and the knowledge base of your audience. Pitching your presentation at the right level can be a challenge but it is very effective for making the audience feel involved.

There are various  literary techniques  you can use, such as the Power or Three, to give greater impact to your message.

Involving your audience is essential to making an impact. Your presentation should pull them in, get their attention and stimulate their thoughts and understanding. This can be done in a number of ways.

The way that you plan your presentation will be critical in terms of using language and ideas that your audience will understand. You must also ensure that there is sufficient time for questions and discussion. The way that you deliver your presentation should create a bond with your audience.

Your use of eye contact, body language, spoken words and energy should  communicate effectively  and enthusiastically with all areas of the room, thus ensuring that the audience receives positive messages about you and your material.

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Free Download: A Guide to Building Conversational Presentations

Get your team on prezi – watch this on demand video.

Chelsi Nakano August 25, 2017

As children, we were encouraged to ask questions. Many of us even challenged the answers to those questions until we asked “why?” so many times our parents basically tuned us out.

As adults, we learn to do almost the exact opposite. We sit quietly in meetings and are talked at until we’re told it’s a good time to ask questions (but just a couple because we have to be mindful of everyone else’s time). In other words, the way we conduct business interactions goes against how were taught to behave in our formative years. Is it any wonder that it’s so hard to hold an audience’s attention?

To make matters even more challenging, everyday communication methods are wildly different than they used to be: Facebook, Snapchat, text messages– they all allow two-way, interactive discussions, making the one-way seem even more unreasonable and dull.

As presentation design expert Russell Anderson-Williams points out, “In this busy world of countless communication channels, having the opportunity to interact with people in person should be something we relish, not squander. We should welcome and seek to build in the opportunity for them to interact with us constantly. We should allow them to guide the flow of our presentation based on what their interests are. And we should not be afraid to have ‘conversations’ rather than traditional presentations.”

We can’t help but wholeheartedly agree.

In his latest guide, Russell explores how exactly to let your audience members interact and guide the flow of the presentation by reviewing a few key topics:

• Why the conversational approach beats slides
• The art of a conversation
• A practical step-by-step process for building your own conversational presentations

Don’t wait! Get his guide for yourself here .

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How To Make a Good Presentation [A Complete Guide]

By Krystle Wong , Jul 20, 2023

A top-notch presentation possesses the power to drive action. From winning stakeholders over and conveying a powerful message to securing funding — your secret weapon lies within the realm of creating an effective presentation .  

Being an excellent presenter isn’t confined to the boardroom. Whether you’re delivering a presentation at work, pursuing an academic career, involved in a non-profit organization or even a student, nailing the presentation game is a game-changer.

In this article, I’ll cover the top qualities of compelling presentations and walk you through a step-by-step guide on how to give a good presentation. Here’s a little tip to kick things off: for a headstart, check out Venngage’s collection of free presentation templates . They are fully customizable, and the best part is you don’t need professional design skills to make them shine!

These valuable presentation tips cater to individuals from diverse professional backgrounds, encompassing business professionals, sales and marketing teams, educators, trainers, students, researchers, non-profit organizations, public speakers and presenters. 

No matter your field or role, these tips for presenting will equip you with the skills to deliver effective presentations that leave a lasting impression on any audience.

Click to jump ahead:

What are the 10 qualities of a good presentation?

Step-by-step guide on how to prepare an effective presentation, 9 effective techniques to deliver a memorable presentation, faqs on making a good presentation, how to create a presentation with venngage in 5 steps.

When it comes to giving an engaging presentation that leaves a lasting impression, it’s not just about the content — it’s also about how you deliver it. Wondering what makes a good presentation? Well, the best presentations I’ve seen consistently exhibit these 10 qualities:

1. Clear structure

No one likes to get lost in a maze of information. Organize your thoughts into a logical flow, complete with an introduction, main points and a solid conclusion. A structured presentation helps your audience follow along effortlessly, leaving them with a sense of satisfaction at the end.

Regardless of your presentation style , a quality presentation starts with a clear roadmap. Browse through Venngage’s template library and select a presentation template that aligns with your content and presentation goals. Here’s a good presentation example template with a logical layout that includes sections for the introduction, main points, supporting information and a conclusion: 

2. Engaging opening

Hook your audience right from the start with an attention-grabbing statement, a fascinating question or maybe even a captivating anecdote. Set the stage for a killer presentation!

The opening moments of your presentation hold immense power – check out these 15 ways to start a presentation to set the stage and captivate your audience.

3. Relevant content

Make sure your content aligns with their interests and needs. Your audience is there for a reason, and that’s to get valuable insights. Avoid fluff and get straight to the point, your audience will be genuinely excited.

4. Effective visual aids

Picture this: a slide with walls of text and tiny charts, yawn! Visual aids should be just that—aiding your presentation. Opt for clear and visually appealing slides, engaging images and informative charts that add value and help reinforce your message.

With Venngage, visualizing data takes no effort at all. You can import data from CSV or Google Sheets seamlessly and create stunning charts, graphs and icon stories effortlessly to showcase your data in a captivating and impactful way.

5. Clear and concise communication

Keep your language simple, and avoid jargon or complicated terms. Communicate your ideas clearly, so your audience can easily grasp and retain the information being conveyed. This can prevent confusion and enhance the overall effectiveness of the message. 

6. Engaging delivery

Spice up your presentation with a sprinkle of enthusiasm! Maintain eye contact, use expressive gestures and vary your tone of voice to keep your audience glued to the edge of their seats. A touch of charisma goes a long way!

7. Interaction and audience engagement

Turn your presentation into an interactive experience — encourage questions, foster discussions and maybe even throw in a fun activity. Engaged audiences are more likely to remember and embrace your message.

Transform your slides into an interactive presentation with Venngage’s dynamic features like pop-ups, clickable icons and animated elements. Engage your audience with interactive content that lets them explore and interact with your presentation for a truly immersive experience.

8. Effective storytelling

Who doesn’t love a good story? Weaving relevant anecdotes, case studies or even a personal story into your presentation can captivate your audience and create a lasting impact. Stories build connections and make your message memorable.

A great presentation background is also essential as it sets the tone, creates visual interest and reinforces your message. Enhance the overall aesthetics of your presentation with these 15 presentation background examples and captivate your audience’s attention.

9. Well-timed pacing

Pace your presentation thoughtfully with well-designed presentation slides, neither rushing through nor dragging it out. Respect your audience’s time and ensure you cover all the essential points without losing their interest.

10. Strong conclusion

Last impressions linger! Summarize your main points and leave your audience with a clear takeaway. End your presentation with a bang , a call to action or an inspiring thought that resonates long after the conclusion.

In-person presentations aside, acing a virtual presentation is of paramount importance in today’s digital world. Check out this guide to learn how you can adapt your in-person presentations into virtual presentations . 

Preparing an effective presentation starts with laying a strong foundation that goes beyond just creating slides and notes. One of the quickest and best ways to make a presentation would be with the help of a good presentation software . 

Otherwise, let me walk you to how to prepare for a presentation step by step and unlock the secrets of crafting a professional presentation that sets you apart.

1. Understand the audience and their needs

Before you dive into preparing your masterpiece, take a moment to get to know your target audience. Tailor your presentation to meet their needs and expectations , and you’ll have them hooked from the start!

2. Conduct thorough research on the topic

Time to hit the books (or the internet)! Don’t skimp on the research with your presentation materials — dive deep into the subject matter and gather valuable insights . The more you know, the more confident you’ll feel in delivering your presentation.

3. Organize the content with a clear structure

No one wants to stumble through a chaotic mess of information. Outline your presentation with a clear and logical flow. Start with a captivating introduction, follow up with main points that build on each other and wrap it up with a powerful conclusion that leaves a lasting impression.

Delivering an effective business presentation hinges on captivating your audience, and Venngage’s professionally designed business presentation templates are tailor-made for this purpose. With thoughtfully structured layouts, these templates enhance your message’s clarity and coherence, ensuring a memorable and engaging experience for your audience members.

Don’t want to build your presentation layout from scratch? pick from these 5 foolproof presentation layout ideas that won’t go wrong. 

4. Develop visually appealing and supportive visual aids

Spice up your presentation with eye-catching visuals! Create slides that complement your message, not overshadow it. Remember, a picture is worth a thousand words, but that doesn’t mean you need to overload your slides with text.

Well-chosen designs create a cohesive and professional look, capturing your audience’s attention and enhancing the overall effectiveness of your message. Here’s a list of carefully curated PowerPoint presentation templates and great background graphics that will significantly influence the visual appeal and engagement of your presentation.

5. Practice, practice and practice

Practice makes perfect — rehearse your presentation and arrive early to your presentation to help overcome stage fright. Familiarity with your material will boost your presentation skills and help you handle curveballs with ease.

6. Seek feedback and make necessary adjustments

Don’t be afraid to ask for help and seek feedback from friends and colleagues. Constructive criticism can help you identify blind spots and fine-tune your presentation to perfection.

With Venngage’s real-time collaboration feature , receiving feedback and editing your presentation is a seamless process. Group members can access and work on the presentation simultaneously and edit content side by side in real-time. Changes will be reflected immediately to the entire team, promoting seamless teamwork.

7. Prepare for potential technical or logistical issues

Prepare for the unexpected by checking your equipment, internet connection and any other potential hiccups. If you’re worried that you’ll miss out on any important points, you could always have note cards prepared. Remember to remain focused and rehearse potential answers to anticipated questions.

8. Fine-tune and polish your presentation

As the big day approaches, give your presentation one last shine. Review your talking points, practice how to present a presentation and make any final tweaks. Deep breaths — you’re on the brink of delivering a successful presentation!

In competitive environments, persuasive presentations set individuals and organizations apart. To brush up on your presentation skills, read these guides on how to make a persuasive presentation and tips to presenting effectively . 

Whether you’re an experienced presenter or a novice, the right techniques will let your presentation skills soar to new heights!

From public speaking hacks to interactive elements and storytelling prowess, these 9 effective presentation techniques will empower you to leave a lasting impression on your audience and make your presentations unforgettable.

1. Confidence and positive body language

Positive body language instantly captivates your audience, making them believe in your message as much as you do. Strengthen your stage presence and own that stage like it’s your second home! Stand tall, shoulders back and exude confidence. 

2. Eye contact with the audience

Break down that invisible barrier and connect with your audience through their eyes. Maintaining eye contact when giving a presentation builds trust and shows that you’re present and engaged with them.

3. Effective use of hand gestures and movement

A little movement goes a long way! Emphasize key points with purposeful gestures and don’t be afraid to walk around the stage. Your energy will be contagious!

4. Utilize storytelling techniques

Weave the magic of storytelling into your presentation. Share relatable anecdotes, inspiring success stories or even personal experiences that tug at the heartstrings of your audience. Adjust your pitch, pace and volume to match the emotions and intensity of the story. Varying your speaking voice adds depth and enhances your stage presence.

5. Incorporate multimedia elements

Spice up your presentation with a dash of visual pizzazz! Use slides, images and video clips to add depth and clarity to your message. Just remember, less is more—don’t overwhelm them with information overload. 

Turn your presentations into an interactive party! Involve your audience with questions, polls or group activities. When they actively participate, they become invested in your presentation’s success. Bring your design to life with animated elements. Venngage allows you to apply animations to icons, images and text to create dynamic and engaging visual content.

6. Utilize humor strategically

Laughter is the best medicine—and a fantastic presentation enhancer! A well-placed joke or lighthearted moment can break the ice and create a warm atmosphere , making your audience more receptive to your message.

7. Practice active listening and respond to feedback

Be attentive to your audience’s reactions and feedback. If they have questions or concerns, address them with genuine interest and respect. Your responsiveness builds rapport and shows that you genuinely care about their experience.

8. Apply the 10-20-30 rule

Apply the 10-20-30 presentation rule and keep it short, sweet and impactful! Stick to ten slides, deliver your presentation within 20 minutes and use a 30-point font to ensure clarity and focus. Less is more, and your audience will thank you for it!

9. Implement the 5-5-5 rule

Simplicity is key. Limit each slide to five bullet points, with only five words per bullet point and allow each slide to remain visible for about five seconds. This rule keeps your presentation concise and prevents information overload.

Simple presentations are more engaging because they are easier to follow. Summarize your presentations and keep them simple with Venngage’s gallery of simple presentation templates and ensure that your message is delivered effectively across your audience.

1. How to start a presentation?

To kick off your presentation effectively, begin with an attention-grabbing statement or a powerful quote. Introduce yourself, establish credibility and clearly state the purpose and relevance of your presentation.

2. How to end a presentation?

For a strong conclusion, summarize your talking points and key takeaways. End with a compelling call to action or a thought-provoking question and remember to thank your audience and invite any final questions or interactions.

3. How to make a presentation interactive?

To make your presentation interactive, encourage questions and discussion throughout your talk. Utilize multimedia elements like videos or images and consider including polls, quizzes or group activities to actively involve your audience.

In need of inspiration for your next presentation? I’ve got your back! Pick from these 120+ presentation ideas, topics and examples to get started. 

Creating a stunning presentation with Venngage is a breeze with our user-friendly drag-and-drop editor and professionally designed templates for all your communication needs. 

Here’s how to make a presentation in just 5 simple steps with the help of Venngage:

Step 1: Sign up for Venngage for free using your email, Gmail or Facebook account or simply log in to access your account. 

Step 2: Pick a design from our selection of free presentation templates (they’re all created by our expert in-house designers).

Step 3: Make the template your own by customizing it to fit your content and branding. With Venngage’s intuitive drag-and-drop editor, you can easily modify text, change colors and adjust the layout to create a unique and eye-catching design.

Step 4: Elevate your presentation by incorporating captivating visuals. You can upload your images or choose from Venngage’s vast library of high-quality photos, icons and illustrations. 

Step 5: Upgrade to a premium or business account to export your presentation in PDF and print it for in-person presentations or share it digitally for free!

By following these five simple steps, you’ll have a professionally designed and visually engaging presentation ready in no time. With Venngage’s user-friendly platform, your presentation is sure to make a lasting impression. So, let your creativity flow and get ready to shine in your next presentation!

How to make a great presentation

Stressed about an upcoming presentation? These talks are full of helpful tips on how to get up in front of an audience and make a lasting impression.

The secret structure of great talks

The beauty of data visualization

TED's secret to great public speaking

How to speak so that people want to listen

How great leaders inspire action

5 WAYS TO MAKE YOUR PRESENTATION FEEL LIKE A CONVERSATION

Add (silent) dialogue to your presentation. How many times did you doze off, while a presenter was reading his slides? If people are talked at and don’t feel engaged, their attention span is proportionally short. The solution is to grab and hold your public’s attention by adding (silent) dialogue. This is especially difficult to achieve if your audience is large. One of the biggest compliments anyone can pay you is: your presentation felt like a conversation!

So, if you want to engage your  listeners, you need to add dialogue. Here’s how:

• Structure your presentation. In conversation we tend to make a point and then prove it. So build your presentation around key points and show evidence to support them.
• Pause after stating an idea. This gets the mental dialogue of your audience going. Give them time to think, look at them for feedback and repeat your point if necessary.
• Ask rhetorical questions. It’s simple and effective. It’s very difficult not to think about an answer when you are asked a question. Don’t you agree? (I just did it!)
• Sit down while presenting. Of course this is not always possible, but try it. It makes the presentation much more conversational and natural.
• Be yourself. This last point seems easy, but proves to be hard for many presenters. Be yourself and converse with your audience.

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3 Ways to Create Conversational Presentations

• By: Amy Boone

Communication. In my mind, it pretty much encompasses everything. But it takes different forms. Art, movies, music, design, writing, public speaking, and, of course, conversation.

Did you know that we can develop more creative and impactful presentations when we stop viewing presentations as just speeches? Instead, we should broaden our perspectives and get curious about how we can bring the power of other communicative art forms into our presentations.

Today, we’ll look at 3 elements of conversation that we can bring into our presentations to help shake off the cookie-cutter mold of “public speaking.” When we embrace the warmth, variety, and interaction of conversation, we can create presentations with new energy and life.

The warmth of conversation is tied up in the connection between the communicators. It’s an unspoken, intangible thing, but you know when it’s there and you know when it’s not. Think about how we refer to situations where conversational warmth is missing. We might say things like, “I got a chilly reception” or “she was cold.” Conversational warmth boils down to having positive feelings about the interaction and mutual trust between the communicators.

A Princeton University research team found that roughly 80% of social judgements we make boil down to warmth and competence. But because we feel like presentations need to be so perfect and professional, we too often squeeze the warmth right out of them. The result is presentations that are informative and exact, but cold. To capture conversational warmth in your presentation, be vulnerable. Don’t be afraid to use emotion. Also, be trustworthy. If you truly care about the audience’s best interest, this genuine regard will come across.

Think for just a moment about all the variety and “texture” in a conversation: pitch changes, rate changes, pauses, laughter, volume changes, facial expression, animated body language, proxemics. All of these things make everyday conversation exciting and colorful. And yet, when we take the stage to present, we often lose the great variety of human communication. We lock into one pitch, one volume, one rate. We limit our movement, and our body language becomes stiff and robotic. It’s important that we find ways to instill variety into our presentations by capturing what comes naturally in conversation.

3. Interaction

While we can’t have the back and forth dialogue of conversation, we can still seek to make interaction a priority in our presentations. In an interview published in Forbes , Jim Haudan, cofounder and chairman of Root Inc., and Rich Berens, CEO of Root, Inc. discuss the power of conversation. Haudan says, “leaders need to elevate conversation over presentation.” Berens adds, “The only way to truly create engagement and trust, to enact that discretionary energy of people, is to have authentic conversations. There is no viable alternative. That’s because these conversations make people feel dignified, valued, and worthy. And that goes to the core of what people want—which is the make a difference and matter.”

Look for ways to accomplish these same goals in your presentations. How can you make people feel “dignified, valued, and worthy?” How can you show them that they “make a difference and matter?” Perhaps you allow time to respond to audience questions, or you get creative about eliciting input. It could just be as simple as repeatedly tying your ideas back to how they affect or connect to the members of the audience.

Whatever your methods for accomplishing it, do whatever you can to retain the warmth, variety, and interaction of conversation in your future presentations. You’ll be surprised at the positive results when you change your view of presenting from “public speaking” to “elevated conversation.”

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Create a Conversation, Not a Presentation

• John Coleman

You and your audience should reach a conclusion together.

When I worked as a consultant, I was perennially guilty of “the great unveil” in presentations—that tendency to want to save key findings for the last moment and then reveal them, expecting a satisfying moment of awe. My team and I would work tirelessly to drive to the right answer to an organization’s problem. We’d craft an intricate presentation, perfecting it right up until minutes or hours before a client meeting, and then we’d triumphantly enter the room with a thick stack of hard copy PowerPoint slides, often still warm from the printer.

• JC John Coleman is the author of the HBR Guide to Crafting Your Purpose . Subscribe to his free newsletter, On Purpose , follow him on Twitter @johnwcoleman, or contact him at johnwilliamcoleman.com.

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Practical ways to ease presentation nerves

One way to offset public-speaking anxiety is to have confidence in your presentation. Brandi Quesenberry shares the keys to making your presentation shine and ensuring that it is memorable, impactful and successful

Brandi Quesenberry

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A public speaking class changed the course of my life. As a business major, I was required to take public speaking, and that was the only reason I enrolled in the class. I believed talented speakers were born that way and that, by extension, I’d never be good at it. But I was mistaken. I had a supportive instructor. I saw my peers in class grow and improve. I learned that you can learn to be a better speaker. And I decided to major in – and make a career of – communication. 

Crafting a good presentation is a skill that combines both art and science. At Virginia Tech, I direct the public speaking resource centre, known as the Comm Lab . Comm Lab provides a host of resources for creating presentations, including peer coaching by undergraduate students.

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Research shows that employers want college graduates who can communicate effectively. A National Association of Colleges and Employers’  survey earlier this year noted that communication skills – written and verbal – are among the most important soft skills employers are seeking. 

So, based on my experience, what makes a successful presentation?

What are the ingredients of a compelling presentation?

First, you need to understand the rhetorical situation of your speaking engagement. This includes the purpose, audience, context and speaker, which all influence your messaging. Let’s break them down:

• Purpose: a strong presentation starts with a clear and compelling purpose. Why are you speaking in front of an audience? Is your intention to inform, persuade or inspire? 
• Audience: make your presentation audience-centred. Know the demographics and psychographics of your audience so you can tailor your message. Understand what they already know and what they are hoping to learn or achieve by attending your presentation. Consider their values, attitudes and beliefs surrounding your topic; this allows you to craft your presentation carefully and consider language, examples and experiences that might best resonate with them. 
• Context: pay attention to what your listeners might be experiencing. Are you talking to college students in an 8am Monday class? Are you speaking to conference attendees right before the dinner break? Are you presenting to experts in your field? Not understanding the context can make your presentation less impactful or even uninformative.
• Speaker: assess yourself. Why have you been chosen to present? What are the motivations, biases and experiences that you bring to the table?

Then follow the rule of three, which refers to the use of planned repetition in the general speech structure of introduction, body and conclusion. Tell the audience what you’re going to say, say it, then summarise it. Learning theories indicate that we’re more likely to remember the first and last things we’re told. A concept called the primacy effect dictates that you open with an impactful statement and express your purpose for being there, so your listeners’ interests are piqued. The recency effect suggests that when you summarise your main points at the conclusion of your presentation, you should state your call to action. 

Leverage the power of storytelling

Storytelling is often overlooked as a key ingredient in effective presentations. And yet sharing authentic human experiences through stories is extremely compelling. Stories help you connect with your audience ; they make your topic relatable, which ultimately increases the power, relevance and retention of your presentation. 

Be aware of non-verbal communications

Imagine the incongruence of a speaker announcing how happy he is to be there while speaking with a monotone voice and lack of eye contact, and with his arms crossed at his chest. Pay attention to non-verbal communication: facial expressions, body language, eye contact, vocal inflection. Most experts agree that 70 to 93 per cent of all communication is non-verbal. Effective presenters match their non-verbal delivery to the tone of their content and use that to engage with their audience. Show enthusiasm through gestures and use of calculated movement when you discuss an innovative concept or product, slow down your speech rate to draw attention to changes in patterns, or use vocal tones and facial expressions to express concern or care that reflects a sobering statistic. 

Avoid information overload

If you’re speaking on a complex topic, your listeners will need time to process what you’re presenting. Try to avoid covering too much. A tidal wave of information will only overwhelm the audience. Instead, consider narrowing the topic and digging deeper, using a variety of supporting evidence to connect with your listeners. Some consumers want to hear the latest statistics, while others want to know what experts have to say on the topic. Consider using presentational aids to showcase information visually and help with information processing and retention.

Strategic pauses can also help listeners process what you’ve said. If you’re allowing for questions, pauses give audience members a chance to formulate their enquiries. Rushing through a presentation is a missed opportunity for audience reflection and true engagement.

Use visual aids when appropriate

If you’re giving a presentation to a few people around a table, you might not need visual aids – but if you’re standing in front of an audience, consider using slides. We live in a visual society and are accustomed to seeing images and infographics. Visual aids can clarify and simplify complex or abstract concepts, enhance retention of information and get the audience more involved in your presentation.

Think of visual aids not as a substitute for your content, delivery or skills, but rather as a complement that amplifies your presentation. Make sure your visual aids are clear and consistent, integrate them smoothly with your speech and check them for errors.

I also recommend using blank slides or basic animation effects to avoid showcasing visuals that are not yet relevant or have already been covered. As catchy as they are, avoid overusing gifs or memes because they might distract from the purpose of your presentation. Many high-quality images are available free or at minimal cost. 

Practise, practise, practise

Practise your presentation out loud. When you articulate your ideas, you might find that you stumble over certain words or your speech is much shorter than you thought. Ideally, record yourself and practise in front of someone who will be honest with you. At Comm Lab, we offer recording services to hone presentations. 

These elements contribute to creating strong, compelling presentations. Having confidence in your presentation should serve to reduce at least some of the anxiety associated with public speaking, allowing you to leave a lasting impression on your audience that drives meaningful action.

Brandi A. Quesenberry is the director of undergraduate programmes and a senior instructor in the School of Communication at Virginia Tech. She also runs Virginia Tech’s Comm Lab.

If you would like advice and insight from academics and university staff delivered direct to your inbox each week,  sign up for the Campus newsletter .

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More From Forbes

20 strategies for introverts to improve their presentation skills.

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Working in business development requires a high level of personal interaction, which can be challenging for people who are naturally introverted. Along with one-on-one meetings, business development leaders often make presentations, a medium where it can be more difficult to create connections with audience members.

Below, 20 members of Forbes Business Development Council share their advice on how introverts can improve their presentation skills. By making time to prepare, utilizing visual aids and leaning into their natural strengths, introverts can showcase their knowledge and make a lasting impression on their audience.

1. Practice Your Presentation

Introverted biz dev leaders can enhance presentation skills by practicing in low-pressure settings, focusing on their strengths and preparing thoroughly. They can also utilize storytelling and active listening to engage audiences, build rapport and make meaningful connections, ultimately driving better results for their bottom line. - Dr. Saju Skaria , Digitech Services

2. Focus On Building Connections

“Supercommunicators,” as introduced by Charles Duhigg, prioritize connection over mere extroversion or polished presentation skills. They excel at building rapport, demonstrating genuine care and asking insightful questions. To enhance your presentation skills, focus on your audience’s interests and find meaningful ways to connect. - Quyen Pham , Releady

3. Showcase Your Passion

Introverted leaders can significantly improve their presentation skills by harnessing their emotional qualities. They should focus on the passion behind their ideas and connect emotionally with the audience. Visualizing success and truly believing in their perspective can turn nervous energy into the most amazing presentations, making genuine connections with their teams. - Jacob Collins , Collins Ecom

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Here are some strategies through which introverted biz dev leaders can improve their presentation skills: 1. Prepare and practice; 2. Focus on strengths; 3. Utilize visual aids; 4. Engage the audience; 5. Practice active listening; 6. Build authentic connections; 7. Seek feedback and continuous improvement and 8. Leverage technology. - Nandhakumar Purushothaman , Mphasis Limited

5. Be Genuine To Connect With Your Audience

I am an introvert, and a piece of advice that stayed with me was to remember that I was an expert on the topic that I was speaking on. Take a deep breath and look at the experience and expertise that you bring to the table. You are of value. If the topic is interesting to you, then it's likely it will be for others. Be yourself; people connect with those who are genuine. - Sheila Halvorson , Harvest Revenue Group LLC

Forbes Business Development Council is an invitation-only community for sales and biz dev executives. Do I qualify?

6. Draw On Your Personal Experiences

If you are a business development professional and consider yourself an introvert, consider yourself lucky. Your strengths have already overshadowed your perceived weakness in your journey to becoming a professional. Harness your inner introvert power and use it for good. Create presentations that include personal experiences that will resonate with the people you are looking to connect with. - Jason Holden , Akkerman

7. Use Technology To Practice

Introverts may not want to practice presentations in front of their peers or managers. Instead, they can use technology to practice speaking and presentations in a self-paced, bite-size manner. Several AI-powered enablement platforms allow leaders to practice talking points, record themselves and receive AI-generated feedback on their tone, word choice, message delivery and more. - Hayden Stafford , Seismic

8. Focus On Your Strengths

For introverts, preparation is key to success. They have to prepare, prepare, prepare and leverage their inner strengths. So, if someone is passionate about what they do but is introverted, they should focus their presentation on the areas that make that passion come alive. By leaning into those strengths, introverts become more confident and can more easily articulate their ideas. - Wayne Elsey , The Funds2Orgs Group

9. Discover Your Communication Style

Introverted business development leaders can improve their presentation skills by tapping into insights provided by "Human Design" and aligning with one's natural energy patterns. For example, "Projectors" excel when they wait for invitations to share their insights, while "Reflectors" benefit from allowing themselves time to process information, which helps them make more meaningful connections. - Bryce Welker , The CPA Exam Guy

10. Find Opportunities To Hear Feedback

By appraising the total skills to deduce the biz dev resource requirements, diverse team members can enhance team presentation skills. Daily standup for the progress check would be helpful for the introverted leaders because the diverse characters from the team members will create ideas and take charge of the roles in each step to help the biz dev leaders improve their pitch. - Gyehyon Andrea Jo , MVLASF

11. Reduce Presentation Pressure With Small Groups

Introverted leaders should focus on one-on-one or small group interactions, where they're likely to feel more comfortable and can make deeper connections. These settings can be more conducive to building the trust and relationships essential for business development success. Utilizing visual aids and technology can also help by diverting some attention away from the speaker. - Saurabh Choudhuri , SAP

12. Lean On Your Listening Skills

Play to your strengths—thoughtful insights, grounding energy, focused approach and good listening skills. As an introverted leader, you can listen for what's being said (and more importantly, what is not being said) in client and business meetings to drive growth for clients. Introverted biz dev leaders then collaborate effectively to solve client pain points. This creates a win-win situation. - Archana Rao , Innova Solutions

13. Apply Storytelling Techniques

Leveraging deep industry insights, introverted biz dev leaders can hone their presentation skills by focusing on clarity, storytelling and data visualization. Personalizing interactions, even in large settings, fosters stronger connections. By mastering these techniques, they can significantly enhance their impact, driving tangible improvements in their organization's bottom line. - Rahul Saluja , Cyient

14. Stay Focused On Your Audience

Excellent presentations require the presenter to focus on the needs of the recipient, not just the needs of the presenter. Be prepared and rehearse your presentation extensively. During the presentation, manage your anxiety by breathing deeply and building rapport with the audience. - Julie Thomas , ValueSelling Associates

15. Ask Questions For Audience Engagement

Active listening is key. Even when you're presenting to a room full of people, communication is two-way, so listening intently to your audience by asking them thoughtful questions is a tremendous way to foster engagement. This also makes the presentation more of a discussion and could help the introverted leader feel more comfortable and at ease. - Ben Elder , Simpplr

16. Solicit Feedback To Find Ways To Improve

Introverted biz dev leaders can boost presentation skills by thoroughly preparing, leveraging strengths like listening, practicing in smaller groups, using visual aids for engaging storytelling and seeking constructive feedback for continuous improvement. These steps enhance connection and impact. - Tina Gada , Vanguard Group

17. Integrate Visual Aids For Impact

In my experience, introverted leaders are deep thinkers and can be dynamic, thought-provoking presenters. What makes them successful is preparing thoroughly, practicing, using visual aids, engaging the audience and seeking networking opportunities. These strategies help build confidence, deliver compelling presentations and foster meaningful connections to their audience. - Scotty Elliott , AmeriLife

18. Have Confidence In Your Expertise

Focus on the fact that this is not a personal situation, and your main goal is to share your know-how or experience with others. Remember what your skill set is and the added value you bring. Your presentation should not be focused on you and your ego, but on the knowledge you bring to the business world. If you realize the value you bring to others, your introverted preoccupations will go away. - Anna Jankowska , RTB House

19. Train Your Presentation 'Muscles'

My first corporate job out of college was a sales role and I was terrified. I took an improv class to help me think on my feet. If improv classes aren't an option, practice, practice, practice. Record yourself giving an important presentation and critique it. Your ability to communicate is your superpower, and you need to train it like you would any other muscle. - Ashleigh Stanford , PracticeTek

20. Explore Different Ways To Engage

You don't have to push yourself to do public talks. You can still share your knowledge and build your reputation comfortably by writing articles, books or sharing reviews and comments online. This way, you can get your ideas out there without feeling uncomfortable, and it won't drop your visibility or impact. It might even help you connect better with others, improving your bottom line. - Dima Raketa , Reputation House

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Cher Shares Why She Dates Men Younger Than Her: ‘Men My Age…They’re All Dead’

The 77-year-old opened up in a recent interview with Jennifer Hudson about her preference for men younger than her.

Unashamed of dating a younger man, pop music icon and actress Cher told her truth on the latest episode of The Jennifer Hudson Show .

During a sitdown with Hudson on the FOX show, Cher, 77, spoke about her reasons for dating 38-year-old music executive Alexander 'A.E.' Edwards. Edwards previously dated Amber Rose , with whom he shares a four-year-old son, Slash .

On the 40-year age difference between she and Edwards, Cher kept it real with Hudson. “I’m really shy when I’m not working and kind of shy around men,” Cher said around the five-minute mark of the first video below.

"And the reason I go out with young men is because men my age or older—well, now they’re all dead—but before they just never, they were always terrified to approach me and younger men were the only ones that…"

"They're bold," Hudson responded.

"Yeah," Cher agreed. "Raised by women like me."

As for an artist that Edwards introduced her to, Cher's new favorite rapper is 2Pac . “I was so taken aback by the depth of the words," she said at the 2:45 minute mark of the second video below.

View this video on YouTube

But there was one older man that made Cher "nervous" when she was younger, the late rock 'n' roll pioneer Elvis Presley , who almost got to take her on a date. "It was because I was nervous and I knew of the people around him, and it wasn’t that they were bad people, it’s just that I was kind of nervous of his reputation."

Cher and Edwards began dating in 2022 and briefly called it quits last May after six months of dating, but later reconciled.

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Our approach

• Responsibility
• Infrastructure
• Try Meta AI

RECOMMENDED READS

• 5 Steps to Getting Started with Llama 2
• The Llama Ecosystem: Past, Present, and Future
• Introducing Code Llama, a state-of-the-art large language model for coding
• Meta and Microsoft Introduce the Next Generation of Llama
• Today, we’re introducing Meta Llama 3, the next generation of our state-of-the-art open source large language model.
• Llama 3 models will soon be available on AWS, Databricks, Google Cloud, Hugging Face, Kaggle, IBM WatsonX, Microsoft Azure, NVIDIA NIM, and Snowflake, and with support from hardware platforms offered by AMD, AWS, Dell, Intel, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm.
• We’re dedicated to developing Llama 3 in a responsible way, and we’re offering various resources to help others use it responsibly as well. This includes introducing new trust and safety tools with Llama Guard 2, Code Shield, and CyberSec Eval 2.
• In the coming months, we expect to introduce new capabilities, longer context windows, additional model sizes, and enhanced performance, and we’ll share the Llama 3 research paper.
• Meta AI, built with Llama 3 technology, is now one of the world’s leading AI assistants that can boost your intelligence and lighten your load—helping you learn, get things done, create content, and connect to make the most out of every moment. You can try Meta AI here .

Today, we’re excited to share the first two models of the next generation of Llama, Meta Llama 3, available for broad use. This release features pretrained and instruction-fine-tuned language models with 8B and 70B parameters that can support a broad range of use cases. This next generation of Llama demonstrates state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of industry benchmarks and offers new capabilities, including improved reasoning. We believe these are the best open source models of their class, period. In support of our longstanding open approach, we’re putting Llama 3 in the hands of the community. We want to kickstart the next wave of innovation in AI across the stack—from applications to developer tools to evals to inference optimizations and more. We can’t wait to see what you build and look forward to your feedback.

Our goals for Llama 3

With Llama 3, we set out to build the best open models that are on par with the best proprietary models available today. We wanted to address developer feedback to increase the overall helpfulness of Llama 3 and are doing so while continuing to play a leading role on responsible use and deployment of LLMs. We are embracing the open source ethos of releasing early and often to enable the community to get access to these models while they are still in development. The text-based models we are releasing today are the first in the Llama 3 collection of models. Our goal in the near future is to make Llama 3 multilingual and multimodal, have longer context, and continue to improve overall performance across core LLM capabilities such as reasoning and coding.

State-of-the-art performance

Our new 8B and 70B parameter Llama 3 models are a major leap over Llama 2 and establish a new state-of-the-art for LLM models at those scales. Thanks to improvements in pretraining and post-training, our pretrained and instruction-fine-tuned models are the best models existing today at the 8B and 70B parameter scale. Improvements in our post-training procedures substantially reduced false refusal rates, improved alignment, and increased diversity in model responses. We also saw greatly improved capabilities like reasoning, code generation, and instruction following making Llama 3 more steerable.

*Please see evaluation details for setting and parameters with which these evaluations are calculated.

In the development of Llama 3, we looked at model performance on standard benchmarks and also sought to optimize for performance for real-world scenarios. To this end, we developed a new high-quality human evaluation set. This evaluation set contains 1,800 prompts that cover 12 key use cases: asking for advice, brainstorming, classification, closed question answering, coding, creative writing, extraction, inhabiting a character/persona, open question answering, reasoning, rewriting, and summarization. To prevent accidental overfitting of our models on this evaluation set, even our own modeling teams do not have access to it. The chart below shows aggregated results of our human evaluations across of these categories and prompts against Claude Sonnet, Mistral Medium, and GPT-3.5.

Preference rankings by human annotators based on this evaluation set highlight the strong performance of our 70B instruction-following model compared to competing models of comparable size in real-world scenarios.

Our pretrained model also establishes a new state-of-the-art for LLM models at those scales.

To develop a great language model, we believe it’s important to innovate, scale, and optimize for simplicity. We adopted this design philosophy throughout the Llama 3 project with a focus on four key ingredients: the model architecture, the pretraining data, scaling up pretraining, and instruction fine-tuning.

Model architecture

In line with our design philosophy, we opted for a relatively standard decoder-only transformer architecture in Llama 3. Compared to Llama 2, we made several key improvements. Llama 3 uses a tokenizer with a vocabulary of 128K tokens that encodes language much more efficiently, which leads to substantially improved model performance. To improve the inference efficiency of Llama 3 models, we’ve adopted grouped query attention (GQA) across both the 8B and 70B sizes. We trained the models on sequences of 8,192 tokens, using a mask to ensure self-attention does not cross document boundaries.

Training data

To train the best language model, the curation of a large, high-quality training dataset is paramount. In line with our design principles, we invested heavily in pretraining data. Llama 3 is pretrained on over 15T tokens that were all collected from publicly available sources. Our training dataset is seven times larger than that used for Llama 2, and it includes four times more code. To prepare for upcoming multilingual use cases, over 5% of the Llama 3 pretraining dataset consists of high-quality non-English data that covers over 30 languages. However, we do not expect the same level of performance in these languages as in English.

To ensure Llama 3 is trained on data of the highest quality, we developed a series of data-filtering pipelines. These pipelines include using heuristic filters, NSFW filters, semantic deduplication approaches, and text classifiers to predict data quality. We found that previous generations of Llama are surprisingly good at identifying high-quality data, hence we used Llama 2 to generate the training data for the text-quality classifiers that are powering Llama 3.

We also performed extensive experiments to evaluate the best ways of mixing data from different sources in our final pretraining dataset. These experiments enabled us to select a data mix that ensures that Llama 3 performs well across use cases including trivia questions, STEM, coding, historical knowledge, etc.

Scaling up pretraining

To effectively leverage our pretraining data in Llama 3 models, we put substantial effort into scaling up pretraining. Specifically, we have developed a series of detailed scaling laws for downstream benchmark evaluations. These scaling laws enable us to select an optimal data mix and to make informed decisions on how to best use our training compute. Importantly, scaling laws allow us to predict the performance of our largest models on key tasks (for example, code generation as evaluated on the HumanEval benchmark—see above) before we actually train the models. This helps us ensure strong performance of our final models across a variety of use cases and capabilities.

We made several new observations on scaling behavior during the development of Llama 3. For example, while the Chinchilla-optimal amount of training compute for an 8B parameter model corresponds to ~200B tokens, we found that model performance continues to improve even after the model is trained on two orders of magnitude more data. Both our 8B and 70B parameter models continued to improve log-linearly after we trained them on up to 15T tokens. Larger models can match the performance of these smaller models with less training compute, but smaller models are generally preferred because they are much more efficient during inference.

To train our largest Llama 3 models, we combined three types of parallelization: data parallelization, model parallelization, and pipeline parallelization. Our most efficient implementation achieves a compute utilization of over 400 TFLOPS per GPU when trained on 16K GPUs simultaneously. We performed training runs on two custom-built 24K GPU clusters . To maximize GPU uptime, we developed an advanced new training stack that automates error detection, handling, and maintenance. We also greatly improved our hardware reliability and detection mechanisms for silent data corruption, and we developed new scalable storage systems that reduce overheads of checkpointing and rollback. Those improvements resulted in an overall effective training time of more than 95%. Combined, these improvements increased the efficiency of Llama 3 training by ~three times compared to Llama 2.

Instruction fine-tuning

To fully unlock the potential of our pretrained models in chat use cases, we innovated on our approach to instruction-tuning as well. Our approach to post-training is a combination of supervised fine-tuning (SFT), rejection sampling, proximal policy optimization (PPO), and direct preference optimization (DPO). The quality of the prompts that are used in SFT and the preference rankings that are used in PPO and DPO has an outsized influence on the performance of aligned models. Some of our biggest improvements in model quality came from carefully curating this data and performing multiple rounds of quality assurance on annotations provided by human annotators.

Learning from preference rankings via PPO and DPO also greatly improved the performance of Llama 3 on reasoning and coding tasks. We found that if you ask a model a reasoning question that it struggles to answer, the model will sometimes produce the right reasoning trace: The model knows how to produce the right answer, but it does not know how to select it. Training on preference rankings enables the model to learn how to select it.

Building with Llama 3

Our vision is to enable developers to customize Llama 3 to support relevant use cases and to make it easier to adopt best practices and improve the open ecosystem. With this release, we’re providing new trust and safety tools including updated components with both Llama Guard 2 and Cybersec Eval 2, and the introduction of Code Shield—an inference time guardrail for filtering insecure code produced by LLMs.

We’ve also co-developed Llama 3 with torchtune , the new PyTorch-native library for easily authoring, fine-tuning, and experimenting with LLMs. torchtune provides memory efficient and hackable training recipes written entirely in PyTorch. The library is integrated with popular platforms such as Hugging Face, Weights & Biases, and EleutherAI and even supports Executorch for enabling efficient inference to be run on a wide variety of mobile and edge devices. For everything from prompt engineering to using Llama 3 with LangChain we have a comprehensive getting started guide and takes you from downloading Llama 3 all the way to deployment at scale within your generative AI application.

A system-level approach to responsibility

We have designed Llama 3 models to be maximally helpful while ensuring an industry leading approach to responsibly deploying them. To achieve this, we have adopted a new, system-level approach to the responsible development and deployment of Llama. We envision Llama models as part of a broader system that puts the developer in the driver’s seat. Llama models will serve as a foundational piece of a system that developers design with their unique end goals in mind.

Instruction fine-tuning also plays a major role in ensuring the safety of our models. Our instruction-fine-tuned models have been red-teamed (tested) for safety through internal and external efforts. ​​Our red teaming approach leverages human experts and automation methods to generate adversarial prompts that try to elicit problematic responses. For instance, we apply comprehensive testing to assess risks of misuse related to Chemical, Biological, Cyber Security, and other risk areas. All of these efforts are iterative and used to inform safety fine-tuning of the models being released. You can read more about our efforts in the model card .

Llama Guard models are meant to be a foundation for prompt and response safety and can easily be fine-tuned to create a new taxonomy depending on application needs. As a starting point, the new Llama Guard 2 uses the recently announced MLCommons taxonomy, in an effort to support the emergence of industry standards in this important area. Additionally, CyberSecEval 2 expands on its predecessor by adding measures of an LLM’s propensity to allow for abuse of its code interpreter, offensive cybersecurity capabilities, and susceptibility to prompt injection attacks (learn more in our technical paper ). Finally, we’re introducing Code Shield which adds support for inference-time filtering of insecure code produced by LLMs. This offers mitigation of risks around insecure code suggestions, code interpreter abuse prevention, and secure command execution.

With the speed at which the generative AI space is moving, we believe an open approach is an important way to bring the ecosystem together and mitigate these potential harms. As part of that, we’re updating our Responsible Use Guide (RUG) that provides a comprehensive guide to responsible development with LLMs. As we outlined in the RUG, we recommend that all inputs and outputs be checked and filtered in accordance with content guidelines appropriate to the application. Additionally, many cloud service providers offer content moderation APIs and other tools for responsible deployment, and we encourage developers to also consider using these options.

Deploying Llama 3 at scale

Llama 3 will soon be available on all major platforms including cloud providers, model API providers, and much more. Llama 3 will be everywhere .

Our benchmarks show the tokenizer offers improved token efficiency, yielding up to 15% fewer tokens compared to Llama 2. Also, Group Query Attention (GQA) now has been added to Llama 3 8B as well. As a result, we observed that despite the model having 1B more parameters compared to Llama 2 7B, the improved tokenizer efficiency and GQA contribute to maintaining the inference efficiency on par with Llama 2 7B.

For examples of how to leverage all of these capabilities, check out Llama Recipes which contains all of our open source code that can be leveraged for everything from fine-tuning to deployment to model evaluation.

What’s next for Llama 3?

The Llama 3 8B and 70B models mark the beginning of what we plan to release for Llama 3. And there’s a lot more to come.

Our largest models are over 400B parameters and, while these models are still training, our team is excited about how they’re trending. Over the coming months, we’ll release multiple models with new capabilities including multimodality, the ability to converse in multiple languages, a much longer context window, and stronger overall capabilities. We will also publish a detailed research paper once we are done training Llama 3.

To give you a sneak preview for where these models are today as they continue training, we thought we could share some snapshots of how our largest LLM model is trending. Please note that this data is based on an early checkpoint of Llama 3 that is still training and these capabilities are not supported as part of the models released today.

We’re committed to the continued growth and development of an open AI ecosystem for releasing our models responsibly. We have long believed that openness leads to better, safer products, faster innovation, and a healthier overall market. This is good for Meta, and it is good for society. We’re taking a community-first approach with Llama 3, and starting today, these models are available on the leading cloud, hosting, and hardware platforms with many more to come.

Try Meta Llama 3 today

We’ve integrated our latest models into Meta AI, which we believe is the world’s leading AI assistant. It’s now built with Llama 3 technology and it’s available in more countries across our apps.

You can use Meta AI on Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger, and the web to get things done, learn, create, and connect with the things that matter to you. You can read more about the Meta AI experience here .

Visit the Llama 3 website to download the models and reference the Getting Started Guide for the latest list of all available platforms.

You’ll also soon be able to test multimodal Meta AI on our Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses.

As always, we look forward to seeing all the amazing products and experiences you will build with Meta Llama 3.

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