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Words containing thesis

Found 106 words containing thesis . Check our Scrabble Word Finder , Wordle solver , Words With Friends cheat dictionary , and WordHub word solver to find words that contain thesis. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words that end in thesis

• Words With Friends

22 letter words containing thesis

• retrospondylolis thesis

20 letter words containing thesis

• prespondylolis thesis

19 letter words containing thesis

• epikeratopros thesis

17 letter words containing thesis

• spondylolis thesis
• spondylolys thesis
• photosyn thesis ing
• counterhypo thesis

16 letter words containing thesis

• amorphosyn thesis
• electrosyn thesis
• perineosyn thesis
• keratopros thesis
• mechanosyn thesis
• photosyn thesis ed
• photosyn thesis es

15 letter words containing thesis

• nucleosyn thesis
• psychosyn thesis
• orthopros thesis
• morphosyn thesis
• anterolis thesis
• thermosyn thesis
• photosyn thesis e

14 letter words containing thesis

• photosyn thesis
• chemosyn thesis
• narcosyn thesis
• osteosyn thesis
• antimeta thesis
• somataes thesis
• retrolis thesis
• sacrolis thesis
• synovior thesis
• hierolis thesis
• endopros thesis
• paren thesis ing

13 letter words containing thesis

• parasyn thesis
• biopros thesis
• polysyn thesis
• tomosyn thesis
• autosyn thesis
• exopros thesis
• metasyn thesis
• paren thesis ed
• paren thesis es
• hypo thesis ing
• hypo thesis ers
• velosyn thesis

12 letter words containing thesis

• biosyn thesis
• synaes thesis
• somaes thesis
• coenes thesis
• kinaes thesis
• isosyn thesis
• parere thesis
• chemes thesis
• ecosyn thesis
• amyoes thesis
• paren thesis e
• hypo thesis ts
• hypo thesis ed
• hypo thesis er
• hypo thesis es
• syn thesis ing
• syn thesis ers

11 letter words containing thesis

• paren thesis
• kines thesis
• syn thesis ts
• resyn thesis
• somes thesis
• synan thesis
• syn thesis er
• hypo thesis e
• cenes thesis
• anaes thesis
• alges thesis
• allen thesis
• apopa thesis
• hypo thesis t
• myoes thesis
• syn thesis es
• syn thesis ed

10 letter words containing thesis

• hypo thesis
• anti thesis
• pros thesis
• meta thesis
• epen thesis
• es thesis es
• syn thesis t
• syn thesis e
• exan thesis
• anes thesis
• para thesis
• apos thesis
• enan thesis
• cyto thesis
• tele thesis

9 letter words containing thesis

8 letter words containing thesis.

• 7-letter words
• Words that start with a
• Words with the letter z
• Words that start with l
• Words that start with w
• Words that start with u
• Words containing thesi
• Words containing thesise
• Words containing thesisi
• Words containing thesist
• Words containing thesit
• Words containing thesiu
• Words containing thesiz
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• Words that contain Thesis

Words With Thesis In Them | 17 Scrabble Words With Thesis

Thesis is a playable Scrabble Word!

• Highest scoring words with Thesis
• 11-letter words with Thesis
• 10-letter words with Thesis
• 9-letter words with Thesis
• 8-letter words with Thesis
• 6-letter words with Thesis
• FAQs about words with Thesis

The highest scoring words with Thesis

Want to go straight to the words that will get you the best score? Here are all the highest scoring words with thesis, not including the 50-point bonus if they use seven letters.

17 Scrabble words that contain Thesis

11 letter words with thesis.

• kinesthesis 18
• parenthesis 16
• resynthesis 17
• synthesists 17

10 Letter Words With Thesis

• antithesis 13
• epenthesis 15
• esthesises 13
• hypothesis 21
• metathesis 15
• prosthesis 15
• synthesist 16

9 Letter Words With Thesis

• diathesis 13
• prothesis 14
• synthesis 15

8 Letter Words With Thesis

• anthesis 11
• esthesis 11

6 Letter Words With Thesis

Faq on words containing thesis, what are the best scrabble words with thesis.

The highest scoring Scrabble word containing Thesis is Hypothesis, which is worth at least 21 points without any bonuses. The next best word with Thesis is kinesthesis, which is worth 18 points. Other high score words with Thesis are prosthesis (15), metathesis (15), parenthesis (16), resynthesis (17), synthesists (17), synthesist (16), and synthesis (15).

How many words contain Thesis?

There are 17 words that contaih Thesis in the Scrabble dictionary. Of those 4 are 11 letter words, 7 are 10 letter words, 3 are 9 letter words, 2 are 8 letter words, and 1 is a 6 letter word.

Words Containing: THESIS

Best scoring words with t h e s i s, 6 letter words.

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8 Letter Words

9 letter words, 10 letter words, 11 letter words, 12 letter words, 13 letter words, 14 letter words, 15 letter words, 17 letter words, 18 letter words, 19 letter words, 22 letter words, 23 letter words, 26 letter words, 37 letter words, 55 letter words.

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noun as in belief, assumption to be tested

Strongest matches

• proposition
• supposition

Strong matches

• contestation
• postulation
• presumption
• presupposition

noun as in written dissertation

• argumentation
• composition
• disquisition

Weak matches

Discover More

Example sentences.

In “Back Home,” Gil also revisits the nostalgia for the South explored in his Johns Hopkins thesis, “Circle of Stone.”

At least father and son were in alignment on this central thesis: acting “gay”—bad; being thought of as gay—bad.

Her doctoral thesis, says Ramin Takloo at the University of Illinois, was simply outstanding.

Marshall McLuhan long ago argued the now accepted thesis that different mediums have different influences on thinking.

He wrote his Master's thesis on the underrepresentation of young people in Congress.

And indeed for most young men a college thesis is but an exercise for sharpening the wits, rarely dangerous in its later effects.

It will be for the reader to determine whether the main thesis of the book has gained or lost by the new evidence.

But the word thesis, when applied to Systems, does not mean the 'position' of single notes, but of groups of notes.

This conclusion, it need hardly be said, is in entire agreement with the main thesis of the preceding pages.

Sundry outlying Indians, with ammunition to waste, took belly and knee rests and strengthened the thesis to the contrary.

Related Words

Words related to thesis are not direct synonyms, but are associated with the word thesis . Browse related words to learn more about word associations.

noun as in putting regard in as true

• expectation
• understanding

noun as in main part of written work

• dissertation

noun as in written or musical creation

• arrangement
• literary work
• short story

noun as in argument for idea

• advancement
• affirmation
• asseveration
• declaration
• explanation
• maintaining
• predication

Viewing 5 / 44 related words

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On this page you'll find 90 synonyms, antonyms, and words related to thesis, such as: contention, hypothesis, opinion, premise, proposition, and supposition.

From Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.

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Definition of thesis

Did you know.

In high school, college, or graduate school, students often have to write a thesis on a topic in their major field of study. In many fields, a final thesis is the biggest challenge involved in getting a master's degree, and the same is true for students studying for a Ph.D. (a Ph.D. thesis is often called a dissertation ). But a thesis may also be an idea; so in the course of the paper the student may put forth several theses (notice the plural form) and attempt to prove them.

Examples of thesis in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'thesis.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

in sense 3, Middle English, lowering of the voice, from Late Latin & Greek; Late Latin, from Greek, downbeat, more important part of a foot, literally, act of laying down; in other senses, Latin, from Greek, literally, act of laying down, from tithenai to put, lay down — more at do

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3a(1)

Dictionary Entries Near thesis

the sins of the fathers are visited upon the children

thesis novel

Cite this Entry

“Thesis.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thesis. Accessed 20 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of thesis, more from merriam-webster on thesis.

Nglish: Translation of thesis for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of thesis for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about thesis

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Meaning of thesis in English

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• I wrote my thesis on literacy strategies for boys .
• Her main thesis is that children need a lot of verbal stimulation .
• boilerplate
• composition
• dissertation
• essay question
• peer review

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

thesis | Intermediate English

Examples of thesis, collocations with thesis.

These are words often used in combination with thesis .

Click on a collocation to see more examples of it.

Translations of thesis

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Word of the Day

be up to your eyeballs in something

to be very busy with something

Binding, nailing, and gluing: talking about fastening things together

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Think of yourself as a member of a jury, listening to a lawyer who is presenting an opening argument. You'll want to know very soon whether the lawyer believes the accused to be guilty or not guilty, and how the lawyer plans to convince you. Readers of academic essays are like jury members: before they have read too far, they want to know what the essay argues as well as how the writer plans to make the argument. After reading your thesis statement, the reader should think, "This essay is going to try to convince me of something. I'm not convinced yet, but I'm interested to see how I might be."

An effective thesis cannot be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." A thesis is not a topic; nor is it a fact; nor is it an opinion. "Reasons for the fall of communism" is a topic. "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" is a fact known by educated people. "The fall of communism is the best thing that ever happened in Europe" is an opinion. (Superlatives like "the best" almost always lead to trouble. It's impossible to weigh every "thing" that ever happened in Europe. And what about the fall of Hitler? Couldn't that be "the best thing"?)

A good thesis has two parts. It should tell what you plan to argue, and it should "telegraph" how you plan to argue—that is, what particular support for your claim is going where in your essay.

Steps in Constructing a Thesis

First, analyze your primary sources.  Look for tension, interest, ambiguity, controversy, and/or complication. Does the author contradict himself or herself? Is a point made and later reversed? What are the deeper implications of the author's argument? Figuring out the why to one or more of these questions, or to related questions, will put you on the path to developing a working thesis. (Without the why, you probably have only come up with an observation—that there are, for instance, many different metaphors in such-and-such a poem—which is not a thesis.)

Once you have a working thesis, write it down.  There is nothing as frustrating as hitting on a great idea for a thesis, then forgetting it when you lose concentration. And by writing down your thesis you will be forced to think of it clearly, logically, and concisely. You probably will not be able to write out a final-draft version of your thesis the first time you try, but you'll get yourself on the right track by writing down what you have.

Keep your thesis prominent in your introduction.  A good, standard place for your thesis statement is at the end of an introductory paragraph, especially in shorter (5-15 page) essays. Readers are used to finding theses there, so they automatically pay more attention when they read the last sentence of your introduction. Although this is not required in all academic essays, it is a good rule of thumb.

Anticipate the counterarguments.  Once you have a working thesis, you should think about what might be said against it. This will help you to refine your thesis, and it will also make you think of the arguments that you'll need to refute later on in your essay. (Every argument has a counterargument. If yours doesn't, then it's not an argument—it may be a fact, or an opinion, but it is not an argument.)

This statement is on its way to being a thesis. However, it is too easy to imagine possible counterarguments. For example, a political observer might believe that Dukakis lost because he suffered from a "soft-on-crime" image. If you complicate your thesis by anticipating the counterargument, you'll strengthen your argument, as shown in the sentence below.

Some Caveats and Some Examples

A thesis is never a question.  Readers of academic essays expect to have questions discussed, explored, or even answered. A question ("Why did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?") is not an argument, and without an argument, a thesis is dead in the water.

A thesis is never a list.  "For political, economic, social and cultural reasons, communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" does a good job of "telegraphing" the reader what to expect in the essay—a section about political reasons, a section about economic reasons, a section about social reasons, and a section about cultural reasons. However, political, economic, social and cultural reasons are pretty much the only possible reasons why communism could collapse. This sentence lacks tension and doesn't advance an argument. Everyone knows that politics, economics, and culture are important.

A thesis should never be vague, combative or confrontational.  An ineffective thesis would be, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because communism is evil." This is hard to argue (evil from whose perspective? what does evil mean?) and it is likely to mark you as moralistic and judgmental rather than rational and thorough. It also may spark a defensive reaction from readers sympathetic to communism. If readers strongly disagree with you right off the bat, they may stop reading.

An effective thesis has a definable, arguable claim.  "While cultural forces contributed to the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, the disintegration of economies played the key role in driving its decline" is an effective thesis sentence that "telegraphs," so that the reader expects the essay to have a section about cultural forces and another about the disintegration of economies. This thesis makes a definite, arguable claim: that the disintegration of economies played a more important role than cultural forces in defeating communism in Eastern Europe. The reader would react to this statement by thinking, "Perhaps what the author says is true, but I am not convinced. I want to read further to see how the author argues this claim."

A thesis should be as clear and specific as possible.  Avoid overused, general terms and abstractions. For example, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because of the ruling elite's inability to address the economic concerns of the people" is more powerful than "Communism collapsed due to societal discontent."

Copyright 1999, Maxine Rodburg and The Tutors of the Writing Center at Harvard University

• Writing a Thesis Using MS Word
• Graduate Academic Affairs

MS Word Template

The template above provides a basic thesis layout, which meets the IIT thesis manual requirements. It consists of the following parts:

• Acknowledgment
• Authorship Statement
• Table of Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Figures
• List of Symbols
• Bibliography plus
• 5 Chapters each having 3 sections. (You may delete chapter and sections or add extra ones in case your thesis has a different number of chapters and sections; Chapter names are generic and you should use what is appropriate for your research).

Style Elements Template

This document  has includes several examples of figures, tables, and their captions for Microsoft Word. You can cut-and-paste one- or two-line figure titles and table titles and insert columns and rows as needed to formatted tables.

This template only provides a basic layout of what is required. Due to technical limitations, all of the following should be done manually (we hope to update this in the future):

• Page numbers in the Table of Contents
• Figure and Table label numbers and page numbers for the List of Figures or List of Tables
• Provide bibliography parts and the relevant citations (the template is compatible with reference management software)
• Revise the above items if any related changes are made (e.g. a figure/table/page is added or deleted)

The template below is an obsolete version, provided for reference purposes. We do not recommend using this template for your thesis. 

Download iitthesis2.dot

Learn more...

50 Useful Academic Words & Phrases for Research

Like all good writing, writing an academic paper takes a certain level of skill to express your ideas and arguments in a way that is natural and that meets a level of academic sophistication. The terms, expressions, and phrases you use in your research paper must be of an appropriate level to be submitted to academic journals.

Therefore, authors need to know which verbs , nouns , and phrases to apply to create a paper that is not only easy to understand, but which conveys an understanding of academic conventions. Using the correct terminology and usage shows journal editors and fellow researchers that you are a competent writer and thinker, while using non-academic language might make them question your writing ability, as well as your critical reasoning skills.

What are academic words and phrases?

One way to understand what constitutes good academic writing is to read a lot of published research to find patterns of usage in different contexts. However, it may take an author countless hours of reading and might not be the most helpful advice when faced with an upcoming deadline on a manuscript draft.

Briefly, “academic” language includes terms, phrases, expressions, transitions, and sometimes symbols and abbreviations that help the pieces of an academic text fit together. When writing an academic text–whether it is a book report, annotated bibliography, research paper, research poster, lab report, research proposal, thesis, or manuscript for publication–authors must follow academic writing conventions. You can often find handy academic writing tips and guidelines by consulting the style manual of the text you are writing (i.e., APA Style , MLA Style , or Chicago Style ).

However, sometimes it can be helpful to have a list of academic words and expressions like the ones in this article to use as a “cheat sheet” for substituting the better term in a given context.

How to Choose the Best Academic Terms

You can think of writing “academically” as writing in a way that conveys one’s meaning effectively but concisely. For instance, while the term “take a look at” is a perfectly fine way to express an action in everyday English, a term like “analyze” would certainly be more suitable in most academic contexts. It takes up fewer words on the page and is used much more often in published academic papers.

You can use one handy guideline when choosing the most academic term: When faced with a choice between two different terms, use the Latinate version of the term. Here is a brief list of common verbs versus their academic counterparts:

Although this can be a useful tip to help academic authors, it can be difficult to memorize dozens of Latinate verbs. Using an AI paraphrasing tool or proofreading tool can help you instantly find more appropriate academic terms, so consider using such revision tools while you draft to improve your writing.

Top 50 Words and Phrases for Different Sections in a Research Paper

The “Latinate verb rule” is just one tool in your arsenal of academic writing, and there are many more out there. But to make the process of finding academic language a bit easier for you, we have compiled a list of 50 vital academic words and phrases, divided into specific categories and use cases, each with an explanation and contextual example.

Best Words and Phrases to use in an Introduction section

1. historically.

An adverb used to indicate a time perspective, especially when describing the background of a given topic.

2. In recent years

A temporal marker emphasizing recent developments, often used at the very beginning of your Introduction section.

3. It is widely acknowledged that

A “form phrase” indicating a broad consensus among researchers and/or the general public. Often used in the literature review section to build upon a foundation of established scientific knowledge.

4. There has been growing interest in

Highlights increasing attention to a topic and tells the reader why your study might be important to this field of research.

5. Preliminary observations indicate

Shares early insights or findings while hedging on making any definitive conclusions. Modal verbs like may , might , and could are often used with this expression.

6. This study aims to

Describes the goal of the research and is a form phrase very often used in the research objective or even the hypothesis of a research paper .

7. Despite its significance

Highlights the importance of a matter that might be overlooked. It is also frequently used in the rationale of the study section to show how your study’s aim and scope build on previous studies.

8. While numerous studies have focused on

Indicates the existing body of work on a topic while pointing to the shortcomings of certain aspects of that research. Helps focus the reader on the question, “What is missing from our knowledge of this topic?” This is often used alongside the statement of the problem in research papers.

9. The purpose of this research is

A form phrase that directly states the aim of the study.

10. The question arises (about/whether)

Poses a query or research problem statement for the reader to acknowledge.

Best Words and Phrases for Clarifying Information

11. in other words.

Introduces a synopsis or the rephrasing of a statement for clarity. This is often used in the Discussion section statement to explain the implications of the study .

12. That is to say

Provides clarification, similar to “in other words.”

13. To put it simply

Simplifies a complex idea, often for a more general readership.

14. To clarify

Specifically indicates to the reader a direct elaboration of a previous point.

15. More specifically

Narrows down a general statement from a broader one. Often used in the Discussion section to clarify the meaning of a specific result.

16. To elaborate

Expands on a point made previously.

17. In detail

Indicates a deeper dive into information.

Points out specifics. Similar meaning to “specifically” or “especially.”

19. This means that

Explains implications and/or interprets the meaning of the Results section .

20. Moreover

Expands a prior point to a broader one that shows the greater context or wider argument.

Best Words and Phrases for Giving Examples

21. for instance.

Provides a specific case that fits into the point being made.

22. As an illustration

Demonstrates a point in full or in part.

23. To illustrate

Shows a clear picture of the point being made.

24. For example

Presents a particular instance. Same meaning as “for instance.”

25. Such as

Lists specifics that comprise a broader category or assertion being made.

26. Including

Offers examples as part of a larger list.

27. Notably

Adverb highlighting an important example. Similar meaning to “especially.”

28. Especially

Adverb that emphasizes a significant instance.

29. In particular

Draws attention to a specific point.

30. To name a few

Indicates examples than previously mentioned are about to be named.

Best Words and Phrases for Comparing and Contrasting

31. however.

Introduces a contrasting idea.

32. On the other hand

Highlights an alternative view or fact.

33. Conversely

Indicates an opposing or reversed idea to the one just mentioned.

34. Similarly

Shows likeness or parallels between two ideas, objects, or situations.

35. Likewise

Indicates agreement with a previous point.

36. In contrast

Draws a distinction between two points.

37. Nevertheless

Introduces a contrasting point, despite what has been said.

38. Whereas

Compares two distinct entities or ideas.

Indicates a contrast between two points.

Signals an unexpected contrast.

Best Words and Phrases to use in a Conclusion section

41. in conclusion.

Signifies the beginning of the closing argument.

42. To sum up

Offers a brief summary.

43. In summary

Signals a concise recap.

44. Ultimately

Reflects the final or main point.

45. Overall

Gives a general concluding statement.

Indicates a resulting conclusion.

Demonstrates a logical conclusion.

48. Therefore

Connects a cause and its effect.

49. It can be concluded that

Clearly states a conclusion derived from the data.

50. Taking everything into consideration

Reflects on all the discussed points before concluding.

Edit Your Research Terms and Phrases Before Submission

Using these phrases in the proper places in your research papers can enhance the clarity, flow, and persuasiveness of your writing, especially in the Introduction section and Discussion section, which together make up the majority of your paper’s text in most academic domains.

However, it's vital to ensure each phrase is contextually appropriate to avoid redundancy or misinterpretation. As mentioned at the top of this article, the best way to do this is to 1) use an AI text editor , free AI paraphrasing tool or AI proofreading tool while you draft to enhance your writing, and 2) consult a professional proofreading service like Wordvice, which has human editors well versed in the terminology and conventions of the specific subject area of your academic documents.

For more detailed information on using AI tools to write a research paper and the best AI tools for research , check out the Wordvice AI Blog .

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Thesis / dissertation formatting manual (2024).

• Filing Fees and Student Status
• Submission Process Overview
• Electronic Thesis Submission
• Paper Thesis Submission
• Formatting Overview
• Fonts/Typeface
• Pagination, Margins, Spacing
• Paper Thesis Formatting
• Preliminary Pages Overview
• Copyright Page
• Dedication Page
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures (etc.)
• Acknowledgements
• Text and References Overview
• Figures and Illustrations
• Using Your Own Previously Published Materials
• Using Copyrighted Materials by Another Author
• Open Access and Embargoes
• Copyright and Creative Commons
• Ordering Print (Bound) Copies
• Tutorials and Assistance
• FAQ This link opens in a new window

UCI Libraries maintains the following  templates to assist in formatting your graduate manuscript. If you are formatting your manuscript in Microsoft Word, feel free to download and use the template. If you would like to see what your manuscript should look like, PDFs have been provided. If you are formatting your manuscript using LaTex, UCI maintains a template on OverLeaf.

• Annotated Template (Dissertation) 2024 PDF of a template with annotations of what to look out for
• Word: Thesis Template 2024 Editable template of the Master's thesis formatting.
• PDF Thesis Template 2024
• Word: Dissertation Template 2024 Editable template of the PhD Dissertation formatting.
• PDF: Dissertation Template 2024
• Overleaf (LaTex) Template
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• Next: FAQ >>
• Last Updated: Feb 20, 2024 2:09 PM
• URL: https://guides.lib.uci.edu/gradmanual

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4. writing up your research: thesis formatting (ms word).

• Books on Thesis Writing
• Thesis Formatting (MS Word)
• Referencing

Haere mai, tauti mai—welcome! These instructions are designed to be used with recent versions of MS Word. Please note there is no template or specific formatting guidelines for a thesis at UC. Please talk to your supervisor and take a look at theses in the UC Research Repository to see how they are usually formatted.

• Where to start
• Show/Hide Formatting
• Heading Styles
• Navigation Pane
• Table of Contents
• Numbered Headings
• List of Figures/Tables
• Page/Section Breaks, Page Numbering & Orientation

Word Thesis Formatting workshops run throughout the year.

Some useful documents.

• Word Formatting Instructions PDF This PDF contains the same instructions that are available on this page.
• Sample Thesis Document with No Formatting This sample thesis file can be used to practise formatting. It is not a template for how to format a thesis. UC does not provide any guidelines on formatting a thesis.
• APA 7th Edition Formatting Example This document is formatted according to APA 7th Edition formatting guidelines. It could be used as a template or as an example to follow. It contains some additional instructions for certain APA formatting in Word.

For more APA formatting advice see the APA Style Blog's excellent Style and Grammar Guidelines .

Finding Examples

Look at examples and ask your supervisor.

The best guide on how to format your thesis is a combination of:

• Looking at previous theses in your discipline. Search the UC Research Repository  for your subject or department, and browse by issue date to get the most recent.
• Asking your supervisor for recommendations on specific formatting and details. 

General Recommendations

The following is an example only of preliminaries to the thesis that could be included.

• Acknowledgements
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Abbreviations
• Toggle show Home ->Show/Hide formatting

Using styles for headings allows you to create an automatic table of contents.

• Select major headings one at a time and choose Home ->Styles ‘Heading 1’

• Select subheadings and apply Home ->Styles ‘heading 2’ and ‘heading 3’
• Modify a style by right clicking on it and choosing Modify in the styles pane at the top of the screen.

The Navigation Pain is useful for seeing the outline of your document as well as providing links to quickly go to any section of the document.

• View->check Navigation Pane

In order to create an automatic table of contents heading styles must be used.

• References -> Table of Contents -> Custom Table of Contents (no heading in table)

• Right click table of contents to ‘update field’ and choose ‘update entire table’

• Home->Multilevel list-> choose style with a number level for each heading level

• To change the heading level 1 number to say ‘Chapter 1’ right click on heading level 1 in the styles area Heading 1->Modify .

• In the modify screen click Format->Numbering.

• Then click ‘ Define New Number Format’.

• Then add the word ‘Chapter’ and a space before the ‘1’.

To create automatic lists of figures or tables you first have to give a caption to all your figures and tables.

• Right click figure or table and select Insert Caption

• Choose Label type eg. Figure, Table etc
• Choose position above or below
• Give the table or figure a title in the top box
• Go to the headings for List of Figures and List of tables and then click References->Insert Table of Figures -> select caption label type (Figure or Table)

• On the following menu select caption label type (Figure or Table) and click OK

This can be used to have different page numbering styles of different sections of your document or to have certain pages landscape to display a large table or graph.

• Insert a section break (next page) at the end of the title page ( Layout -> Breaks -> Next Page )

• Insert a section break at chapter 1 ( Layout -> Breaks -> Next Page )
• Insert page breaks for all other ‘heading 1’ headings ( Layout -> Breaks -> Page )

Adding Page Numbers

• Insert -> Page Number and choose a position on the page

• Double click on title page header or footer (top or bottom of the page) and tick ‘ Different First Page’ in the Design ribbon that appears

• Click in second page header or footer, right click on the page number and select ‘ format page numbers ’

• Select Roman numerals eg. ‘i, ii, iii, iv’ etc
• Select start at ‘i’ (start at ‘1’)

• Scroll to chapter 1 and change number style for this section back to ordinary numbers and start at 1

Change Page Orientation

• Insert a section break before and after the pages you want to change to landscape orientation (See instructions above for inserting a section break)
• Layout -> Orientation -> Landscape

NOTE:  A section break is usually only needed if page orientation or separate page numbers are required.

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• Last Updated: Feb 8, 2024 12:29 PM
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Unscrambler and Scrabble Word Finder

Word unscrambler, words made by unscrambling the letters t h e s i s, 6 letter words made by unscrambling the letters in thesis, 5 letter words made by unscrambling the letters in thesis, 4 letter words made by unscrambling the letters in thesis, 3 letter words made by unscrambling the letters in thesis, 2 letter words made by unscrambling the letters in thesis.

Above are the results of unscrambling thesis. Using the word generator and word unscrambler for the letters T H E S I S, we unscrambled the letters to create a list of all the words found in Scrabble, Words with Friends, and Text Twist. We found a total of 51 words by unscrambling the letters in thesis. Click these words to find out how many points they are worth, their definitions, and all the other words that can be made by unscrambling the letters from these words. If one or more words can be unscrambled with all the letters entered plus one new letter, then they will also be displayed.

Unscrambled words using the letters T H E S I S plus one more letter

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Unscramble THESIS

Thesis unscrambles and makes 74 words, 74 unscrambled words using the letters thesis, 6 letter words made by unscrambling letters thesis, 6 words found, 5 letter words made by unscrambling letters thesis, 13 words found, 4 letter words made by unscrambling letters thesis, 23 words found, 3 letter words made by unscrambling letters thesis, 20 words found, 2 letter words made by unscrambling letters thesis, 12 words found, how many words can be made from thesis.

Above are the words made by unscrambling T H E S I S (EHISST) . Our unscramble word finder was able to unscramble these letters using various methods to generate 74 words ! Having a unscramble tool like ours under your belt will help you in ALL word scramble games!

How many words can you make out of THESIS?

To further help you, here are a few word lists related to the letters THESIS

• 6 letter words
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• Words That End With S
• Words That Start With THESIS
• Words That Contain THESIS
• Words That End With THESIS
• Different ways to Scramble THESIS

T H E S I S Letter Values in Word Scrabble and Words With Friends

Here are the values for the letters T H E S I S in two of the most popular word scramble games.

The letters THESIS are worth 9 points in Scrabble

Words With Friends

The letters THESIS are worth 8 points in Words With Friends

If You Unscramble THESIS... What Does It Mean?

Definition of thesis when unscrambled.

If we unscramble these letters, THESIS, it and makes several words. Here is one of the definitions for a word that uses all the unscrambled letters:

• Sorry. I don't have the meaning of this word.
• Click here for the full meaning of heists
• Is heists a Scrabble Word ?
• is heists a Words With Friends word?

More Information on the Letters THESIS

• Permutations of THESIS
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Unscrambling THESIS for Other Word Scramble Games

• Unscramble THESIS For Word Scramble Games
• Unscramble THESIS Letters For Anagrams
• THESIS in Text Twist
• THESIS in Scrabble
• THESIS in Words With Friends
• THESIS in Jumble
• Unscramble The Word THESIS
• THESIS Unscramble For All Word Games

Scrambling the Letters in THESIS

According to our other word scramble maker , THESIS can be scrambled in many ways. The different ways a word can be scrambled is called "permutations" of the word.

According to Google, this is the definition of permutation: a way, especially one of several possible variations, in which a set or number of things can be ordered or arranged.

How is this helpful? Well, it shows you the anagrams of thesis scrambled in different ways and helps you recognize the set of letters more easily. It will help you the next time these letters, T H E S I S come up in a word scramble game.

THIESS ITSHES TSIEHS SEITHS HIETSS HIESTS HETSIS IHETSS EITHSS SEHTIS STIEHS HITESS HETISS ISHTES ITESHS THISES IHTSES ITHSES SIEHTS SHEITS TSIHES ITSEHS HTSEIS ETHSIS ETISHS SETHIS HTESIS HSITES ETHISS TSHIES IETSHS HTSIES ISEHTS STIHES EHTSIS EHSTIS HESITS ESITHS ISTHES HITSES SHTIES EIHTSS

We stopped it at 42, but there are so many ways to scramble THESIS !

Word Scramble Words

Unscramble these letters to make words., popular words with scrambled letters, combine words, combine names.

Combine words and names with our Word Combiner

You Unscrambled THESIS!

Now that THESIS is unscrambled, what to do? That's simple, go win your word game!

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• Student & Alumni Updates

Ashley Santiago Thesis Defense

Boise State University MS Raptor Biology student Ashley Santiago defended her thesis, “Associations Between Landscape Changes And Declines In Golden Eagle Territory Occupancy In The Morley Nelson Snake River Birds Of Prey National Conservation Area ” on the morning of April 19, 2024. Santiago’s main advisor is Julie Heath (MS, Raptor Biology, ’96; Boise State University Raptor Research Center , Biological Sciences ) , and her committee includes Jen Cruz ( Boise State University Raptor Research Center , Biological Sciences) and Donna Delparte (Boise State University Biological Sciences).

Rapid loss of native shrubs and expansion of invasive annuals like cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) have extensively altered shrub-steppe systems. Vegetation changes can have bottom-up effects on trophic interactions and ecosystem dynamics. Predators, like Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) that forage on shrub-reliant prey, may increase their territory size to cope with degraded habitat or abandon historically occupied territories sites. We used a multi-season occupancy model that accounted for imperfect detection to investigate the associations between landscape cover (i.e., shrub and annual herbaceous), fire history, neighbor density, and eagle territory occupancy of 36 Golden Eagle nesting territories in the Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (NCA), Idaho, USA from 1986–2022.

The probability of Golden Eagle occupancy decreased 23% from 0.82 in 1986 to 0.59 in 2022. Further, once territories became vacant, they tended to remain vacant, suggesting that the territories were no longer suitable for eagles or no new eagles were recruiting into the population. Territory occupancy was negatively associated with annual herbaceous cover (β: -0.86, 95% CI: -1.53 to -0.24) and tended to be positively associated with shrub cover (β: 0.63, 95% CI: -0.11 to 1.39) and time since last burn (β: 0.25, 95% CI: -0.28 to 0.83). Territories that were farther from other occupied territories had a higher probability of occupancy than territories with closer neighbors (β: -3.56, 95% CI: -4.22 to -2.92), likely because as habitat degraded, eagles compensated by expanding their territories into nearby vacant territories. The probability of detection was high at 0.90 but improved in surveys conducted earlier in the day and later in the breeding season.

Together, these results show that landscape change and habitat degradation have bottom-up effects on Golden Eagle behavior and territory occupancy, resulting in an overall decrease in the local carrying capacity for eagles. Understanding associations between environmental change and territory occupancy has important implications for predicting population persistence and eagle adaptability to changing landscapes.

Tesla Stock Slides as Deutsche Bank Downgrades on 'Thesis-Changing' Robotaxi Pivot

Key takeaways.

• Shares of Tesla slid to their lowest level in more than a year on Thursday after Deutsche Bank analysts downgraded the stock and lowered their price target by 35%, citing its "thesis-changing" pivot to robotaxis.
• The company has reportedly put plans for a low-cost, mass-market model on the back burner to focus on developing a fleet of self-driving taxis.
• Tesla has struggled to compete with Chinese rivals and maintain growth amid soaring costs and sluggish demand for electric vehicles (EVs).

Tesla ( TSLA ) shares slid to their lowest level in more than a year Thursday after Deutsche Bank analysts downgraded the electric vehicle (EV) maker's stock, citing uncertainty around its plans to refocus its growth efforts on autonomous vehicles.

Deutsche Bank analysts led by Emmanuel Rosner downgraded Tesla to “hold” from “buy” on Thursday and lowered their price target by 35%, to $123 from $189.

“Our longer-term Buy rating was predicated on the next-gen vehicle priced at $25k coming late next year, which would allow the company to reaccelerate volume, margins and [free cash flow], and potentially come to dominate the Western EV market,” Deutsche Bank analysts wrote on Thursday.

Whether that low-cost Tesla model, sometimes called the Model 2, is being made at all was called into question earlier this month when Reuters reported the EV maker had canceled its plans to release a low-cost, mass-market model. Tesla will instead focus on self-driving robotaxis, according to Reuters , which cited “three sources familiar with the matter and company messages” reviewed by the outlet.

Tesla Chief Executive Officer (CEO ) Elon Musk quickly took to his social media platform X to deny the report . That denial was followed up by an announcement later in the day that the company would unveil its robotaxi on Aug. 8.

The analysts noted that, while a Tesla-owned and operated fleet of robotaxis could more than make up for the profit lost by delaying or canceling its low-cost model, the plan poses significant technological and regulatory challenges. Plus, “a pushout of Model 2 efforts creates the risk of no new vehicle in Tesla’s consumer lineup for the foreseeable future, which would put continued downward pressure on its volume and pricing for many more years, and likely require material downward earnings and FCF estimate revisions for 2026+.” 

Tesla has struggled to compete with Chinese rivals and maintain growth amid rising costs and sluggish EV demand, which has taken a hit from high interest rates. Earlier this month the company reported its first year-over-year decline in quarterly deliveries since 2020.

The company said in an internal memo earlier this week that it would lay off "more than 10%" of its global workforce, a decision Deutsche Bank analysts speculate could be connected to the delayed or canceled Model 2.

Tesla shares were down 3.6% to $149.81 as of 1:55 p.m. ET Thursday. They have lost nearly 40% of their value in 2024.

Read the original article on Investopedia .

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April 16, 2024

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Space exploration: A luxury or a necessity?

by Daniel Fillion, The Conversation

"Oh, come on Daniel, space travel is so expensive, and pointless!" These were the words of my friend Max, during a Christmas party where I was discussing my thesis project: studying places on Earth where the living conditions are so extreme, they could hold lessons for future space missions.

This disdainful attitude toward space research is actually quite common.

Space exploration is currently booming. Just think of the Artemis missions, SpaceX's ambitious plans for Mars, the deployment of the James Webb telescope or the recent "race to the moon."

A number of large-scale projects are getting the green light now, mainly from NASA, including the Artemis II mission that will carry four astronauts to the moon, which will have Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen aboard . This will be a first since 1972. Incredibly, it's been 50 years since the last human mission to Earth's natural satellite.

Although many people find space exploration inspiring, others are skeptical and even angered by what they see as an unjustifiable waste of resources and money on an activity that only spreads pollution to another place. This sums up the feelings of my friend Max.

In this article, I will try to prove him wrong.

Humans are explorers first

My great curiosity has led me to travel to extreme places so I can study them . But I am not the only one with this desire to explore.

In my Grade 9 history class, my teacher stood on top of her desk and, with a grave and serious tone, went on to act out Jacques Cartier's arrival in North America in her own, colorful style. A few years earlier, I had learned about how the first humans left their caves to climb mountains. One hundred and thirty years ago, humans sailed further and further south until they saw the glacial landscapes of Antarctica for the first time . At the same time, humans were attempting to dominate the skies and aiming for the beyond with planes and rockets—which is how we got to the moon.

What is the common denominator in our history? Exploration, of course.

Human nature is characterized by a propensity to travel, to look further and to discover. We are all curious by nature. If we stop wanting to explore, we stop being human.

The Earth has rings

So, my friend Max, let me invite you outside. It's a beautiful, starry night with no moon. It's a bit cold, but at least the atmosphere isn't too humid, which makes the sky more transparent. We can see stars flickering. Some are blue, others are red. And the more our eyes adapt, the more the sky reveals its secrets.

Suddenly, something else stands out. It's another light, but it's not flashing, and it's moving quite quickly. A shooting star? No, the atmosphere would have burned it up in a few seconds .

It's a satellite, one of thousands that orbit the Earth like rings. These satellites are a direct consequence of space exploration. We would be living in a completely different world without them.

Indeed, not an hour goes by in our lives when we don't use a satellite .

On the one hand, you would likely have gotten lost on your way here, Max, because there would have been no GPS to show you which exit to take. And secondly, I wouldn't have been able to help you find your way because there would be no wifi. We can push our thinking even further; agriculture, environmental monitoring, communications, the weather, even banks, all of these depend on satellites.

But how does this work? You have to understand that these satellites move so quickly they actually circle the Earth several times a day. Combined with a very large workforce, they provide a complete view of the globe. From the middle of the oceans to the highest mountains and the almost inaccessible poles, we have eyes everywhere. By drawing on this vast quantity of observations, we obtain data on changes to the earth's surface, the spread of forest fires, the movement of winds, the melting of ice and many other things, while enabling global communication and credit card transactions .

Space exploration was the trigger that enabled us to develop and operate these technologies. And it doesn't stop there.

Two birds, one stone

The practice of medicine in remote areas also benefits from space exploration. It's not easy for communities in remote areas to access health care, especially since hospitals don't always have the sophisticated equipment they need.

If you think about it, when astronauts explore space, they become a small population in a very, very remote region. It's true. What happens if someone has a really bad stomach ache? Or breaks an arm? They don't have time to come back home for treatment, so we have to react, and quickly.

Scientific research in telemedicine has developed to address this important issue, producing a number of innovative technologies. And if these are useful for astronauts, why not use them for rural populations, too?

A few years ago, three Québec researchers from different universities were working on a tiny probe that could rapidly analyze and diagnose a blood sample .

Although some prototypes are not yet on the market, others are already in widespread use, such as the ultrasound scanner designed by NASA . This scanner takes precise photos of organs and bones that can be transmitted to a doctor, who will then have crucial information on hand to recommend treatments.

In a way, space exploration provides us with opportunities to respond to urgent needs on Earth. So, Max, are you beginning to see the need for it?

Another perspective

Finally, I have to admit that I find it rather encouraging to see Russians, Americans, Japanese, Canadians and Europeans living together on the Space Station. Not so long ago, some of these countries were attacking each other with nuclear bombs. In space, no such borders exist.

Exploration brings people together. It opens our eyes to new perspectives. It shows us that we're all in the same boat together. That's pretty important, don't you think, Max?

Our planet is magnificent and unique, an oasis of impossible life. But it is fragile. We need to protect it. That's why exploring beyond the Earth should not be considered a luxury; it's an investment in our shared humanity.

So, Max, when Jeremy Hansen and his crew take off in 2025, will you be there to watch them?

Provided by The Conversation

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Wall Street is souring on Tesla's pivot away from low-cost vehicles towards autonomous driving

• Tesla is losing the confidence of Wall Street amid reports it's pivoting from a low-cost Model 2 to robotaxis.
• Deutsche Bank just downgraded Tesla's stock and Barclays cut its price target. Both see double-digit declines over the next year.
• "We view Tesla's shift as thesis-changing, and worry the stock will need to undergo a potentially painful transition in ownership base," Deutsche Bank said.

Another day, another negative Tesla note from Wall Street.

Tesla has come under intense scrutiny from sell-side analysts after a Reuters report from earlier this month said that the EV maker was shifting away from its low-cost Model 2 vehicle to instead focus on building a fully-autonomous robotaxi.

Deutsche Bank downgrades Tesla

Deutsche Bank analyst Emmanuel Rosner is not impressed with the potential pivot, calling it "thesis-changing" for investors in a note on Thursday.

Rosner downgraded Tesla stock to "Hold" from "Buy" and cut its price target to $123 from $189, suggesting potential downside of about 19% from current levels. 

"Pushing out Model 2 will create significant earnings and FCF pressure on 2026+ estimates, and make the future of the company tied to Tesla cracking the code on full driverless autonomy, which represents a significant technological, regulatory and operational challenge," Rosner said. 

Rosner slashed his 2027 earnings per share estimate for Tesla to $2.40 from a prior estimate of $4.25, and added that there could be further downside to the company's earnings power if they completely abandon the development of a low-cost vehicle. 

"The delay of Model 2 efforts creates the risk of no new vehicle in Tesla's consumer lineup for the foreseeable future, which would put continued downward pressure on its volume and pricing for many more years, requiring downward earnings estimate revisions for 2026+," Rosner said.

Tesla stock fell 2% in early Thursday trading, and is down nearly 40% year-to-date. 

Perhaps the biggest risk to Tesla, aside from lower earnings, is the idea that a pivot to robotaxis could cause a complete recalibration of its underlying shareholder base.

"We view Tesla's shift as thesis-changing, and worry the stock will need to undergo a potentially painful transition in ownership base, with investors previously focused on Tesla's EV volume and cost advantage potentially throwing in the towel, and eventually replaced by AI/tech investors with considerably longer time horizons," Rosen said.

Barclays cuts Tesla price target

It's not just Deutsche Bank that has soured on Tesla.

Barclays slashed its Tesla price target on Wednesday by 20%, and said it expects the company's first-quarter earnings call next week to be a negative catalyst.

Calling it "one of the most widely anticipated calls ever," Barclays analyst Dan Levy said the company is facing challenging near-term fundamentals in combination with a longer-term "investment thesis pivot" as it considers moving away from the Model 2.

According to Levy, if Tesla is indeed moving away from the Model 2, that would be bad news for the stock valuation going forward, calling it a "clear net negative for the Tesla investment thesis."

"It casts significant uncertainty on the path ahead for Tesla, making success of the stock dependent on bets with seemingly binary outcomes," Levy said. "Indeed, we are hard pressed to think of any other precedent of a company of Tesla's size basing its path of success on such binary bets."

Wedbush also concerned about Model 2 pivot

Even long-time Tesla bull Dan Ives is worried about Tesla's potential pivot away from a low-cost Model 2.

In a note from last week, Ives said Tesla needs to commit to its Model 2 development plans if it wants to have any chance in reversing this year's painful stock price decline. 

"If robotaxis is viewed as the 'magic model' to replace Model 2 we would view this as a debacle negative for the Tesla story. It would be a risky gamble if Tesla moved away from the Model 2 and went straight to robotaxis," Ives said.

Ives said Wall Street's criticism of Tesla is warranted, especially given the fact that the EV maker has seen declining profit margins and its first year-over-year sales decline since 2020.

"For Musk, this is a fork in the road time to get Tesla through this turbulent period otherwise dark days could be ahead," Ives said. 

• Main content

Tesla bull warns ditching plans for ‘crucial’ cheaper car would be ‘thesis-changing’

A prominent Tesla Inc. investor on Wall Street warns his bullish case would be in jeopardy should Elon Musk abandon the long-held bid to bring a low-cost vehicle to the masses.

As the electric-vehicle maker’s outlook comes into question — pushing its market valuation below $500 billion this week, a level last seen more than a year ago — David Baron is dispirited by recent reports that Tesla could ditch its goal to bring an affordable car and shift resources to developing a robotaxi instead. 

While that’s far from his base case, and Musk denied a Reuters article that first reported the news, the fund manager warns any reversal in the company’s plan would threaten his eye-catching calls on the stock, without fresh sources of growth. The investor expects the shares to jump to $1,200 over time, an over 680% gain from Wednesday’s close.

“The Model 2 is a crucial piece of our thesis. If they stopped that, that is investment thesis-changing,” Baron, a portfolio manager at Baron Capital Inc. and son of Wall Street veteran Ron Baron, said in an interview.

Tesla shares were down as much as 4.3% to $148.70 on Thursday in New York, wiping out their gains from the past 12 months. Traders have been watching the $150 level closely as key support for the stock.

Baron, who oversees the $1.4 billion Baron Focused Growth Fund, said he will be “very surprised” if Tesla’s Model 2 is taken off the table and said growth will accelerate with the new car. Yet his words underscore growing disquiet among investors who are banking on the production of the mass-market vehicle.

Deutsche Bank AG on Thursday downgraded Tesla’s stock to hold amid chances that the company might delay plans to produce its Model 2. A Barclays Plc analyst a day earlier said Tesla’s first-quarter earnings call is “extra highly anticipated” and expects it to be a negative catalyst for the stock.

“This strategy pivot is a clear net-negative for the Tesla investment thesis, as it casts significant uncertainty on the path ahead for Tesla, making success of the stock dependent on bets with seemingly binary outcomes,” Barclays analyst Dan Levy wrote in a note to clients. Levy also thinks that the Model 2 “is not dead — but rather is being delayed, as Tesla instead focuses on robotaxi/full self driving.”

The company has yet to clarify its plans for the affordable model. While Musk broadly denied the Reuters report, he appeared to confirm a piece of the article that same day when he announced plans to unveil a robotaxi in August. A representative for Tesla didn’t respond to a request for comment.

Baron’s growth fund lists Tesla as its second-largest holding, comprising nearly 8% of the portfolio as of March 31, following Musk’s closely held SpaceX , according to a fact sheet . Tesla’s stock — down almost 40% for the year — is the fund’s worst performer, fueling an almost 4% drop since the beginning of the year. That’s compared to a 0.3% downturn in its benchmark, the Russell 2500 Growth Index, and the S&P 500’s 5% gain.

Despite fundamental questions over demand ahead, Baron remains bullish about Tesla’s prospects. While his fund cannot buy any more Tesla shares since it has reached its allocation limit, Baron isn’t selling either — at least not at current levels.

“There’s too much growth potential in the company,” he said. “The full self-driving is too big a recurring revenue and earnings opportunity to not invest in right now.”

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