negative effects of technology on society essay

Greater Good Science Center • Magazine • In Action • In Education

What Makes Technology Good or Bad for Us?

Everyone’s worried about smartphones. Headlines like “ Have smartphones destroyed a generation? ” and “ Smartphone addiction could be changing your brain ” paint a bleak picture of our smartphone addiction and its long-term consequences. This isn’t a new lament—public opinion at the advent of the newspaper worried that people would forego the stimulating pleasures of early-morning conversation in favor of reading the daily .

Is the story of technology really that bad? Certainly there’s some reason to worry. Smartphone use has been linked to serious issues, such as dwindling attention spans , crippling depression , and even increased incidence of brain cancer . Ultimately, though, the same concern comes up again and again: Smartphones can’t be good for us, because they’re replacing the real human connection of the good old days.

Everyone’s heard how today’s teens just sit together in a room, texting, instead of actually talking to each other. But could those teenagers actually be getting something meaningful and real out of all that texting?

The science of connection

A quick glance at the research on technology-mediated interaction reveals an ambivalent literature. Some studies show that time spent socializing online can decrease loneliness , increase well-being , and help the socially anxious learn how to connect to others. Other studies suggest that time spent socializing online can cause loneliness , decrease well-being , and foster a crippling dependence on technology-mediated interaction to the point that users prefer it to face-to-face conversation.

It’s tempting to say that some of these studies must be right and others wrong, but the body of evidence on both sides is a little too robust to be swept under the rug. Instead, the impact of social technology is more complicated. Sometimes, superficially similar behaviors have fundamentally different consequences. Sometimes online socialization is good for you, sometimes it’s bad, and the devil is entirely in the details.

This isn’t a novel proposition; after all, conflicting results started appearing within the first few studies into the internet’s social implications, back in the 1990s. Many people have suggested that to understand the consequences of online socialization, we need to dig deeper into situational factors and circumstances. But what we still have to do is move beyond recognition of the problem to provide an answer: When, how, and why are some online interactions great, while others are dangerous?

The interpersonal connection behaviors framework

As a scientist of close relationships, I can’t help but see online interactions differently from thinkers in other fields. People build relationships by demonstrating their understanding of each other’s needs and perspectives, a cyclical process that brings them closer together. If I tell you my secrets, and you respond supportively, I’m much more likely to confide in you again—and you, in turn, are much more likely to confide in me.

This means that every time two people talk to each other, an opportunity for relationship growth is unfolding. Many times, that opportunity isn’t taken; we aren’t about to have an in-depth conversation with the barista who asks for our order. But connection is always theoretically possible, and that’s true whether we’re interacting online or face-to-face.

Close relationships are the bread and butter of happiness—and even health. Being socially isolated is a stronger predictor of mortality than is smoking multiple cigarettes a day . If we want to understand the role technology plays in our well-being, we need to start with the role it plays in our relationships.

And it turns out that the kind of technology-mediated interactions that lead to positive outcomes are exactly those that are likely to build stronger relationships. Spending your time online by scheduling interactions with people you see day in and day out seems to pay dividends in increased social integration . Using the internet to compensate for being lonely just makes you lonelier; using the internet to actively seek out connection has the opposite effect .

“The kind of technology-mediated interactions that lead to positive outcomes are exactly those that are likely to build stronger relationships”

On the other hand, technology-mediated interactions that don’t really address our close relationships don’t seem to do us any good—and might, in fact, do us harm. Passively scrolling through your Facebook feed without interacting with people has been linked to decreased well-being and increased depression post-Facebook use.

That kind of passive usage is a good example of “ social snacking .” Like eating junk food, social snacking can temporarily satisfy you, but it’s lacking in nutritional content. Looking at your friends’ posts without ever responding might make you feel more connected to them, but it doesn’t build intimacy.

Passive engagement has a second downside, as well: social comparison . When we compare our messy lived experiences to others’ curated self-presentations, we are likely to suffer from lowered self-esteem , happiness, and well-being. This effect is only exacerbated when we consume people’s digital lives without interacting with them, making it all too easy to miss the less photogenic moments of their lives.

Moving forward

The interpersonal connection behaviors framework doesn’t explain everything that might influence our well-being after spending time on social media. The internet poses plenty of other dangers—for two examples, the sense of wasting time or emotional contagion from negative news. However, a focus on meaningful social interaction can help explain decades of contradictory findings. And even if the framework itself is challenged by future work, its central concept is bound to be upheld: We have to study the details of how people are spending their time online if we want to understand its likely effects.

In the meantime, this framework has some practical implications for those worried about their own online time. If you make sure you’re using social media for genuinely social purposes, with conscious thought about how it can improve your life and your relationships, you’ll be far more likely to enjoy your digital existence.

This article was originally published on the Behavioral Scientist . Read the original article .

About the Author

Jenna Clark

Jenna Clark, Ph.D. , is a senior behavioral researcher at Duke University's Center for Advanced Hindsight, where she works to help people make healthy decisions in spite of themselves. She's also interested in how technology contributes to our well-being through its effect on our close personal relationships.

You May Also Enjoy

Five Ways to Build Caring Community on Social Media

How to Stop Your Smartphone From Hurting Your Health

How Smartphones Are Killing Conversation

Are Smartphones Bad for Teen Mental Health?

Does Technology Cut Us Off from Other People?

How to Keep Your Smartphone from Hurting Your Relationships

Negative Effects of Technology on Society

Introduction.

Technology and culture symbolize a recurrent co-creation, co-influence, as well as co-dependency of knowledge in the society based on the auxiliary expertise upon beliefs. The rapport between technology and society transpired since the genesis of humanity. The discovery of diffident outfits is continuous even in contemporary technologies like mainframes and printing the press. In the present-day, society exists in the period of unconventional technology.

Virtually all the sections in societal life are affected either positively or negatively by technology in different ways. Different societies are starting to recognize the advantages of employing technology to develop in areas such as curbing crime, psychology, education, and healthcare (Glenda, 2014). In comparison with the ancient eras, the community has improved facilities along with a luxurious experience amplified by the technology.

The growth of technology is never limited to a single region. All the diverse sections and industries in society get influence from the emergent technology. The effect of technology on environmental, physical, mental, and social status might demoralize if not kept under watch. It becomes intolerable to refute technology as it has changed the face of society.

However, overuse or misuse of technological developments is dangerous to daily existence. The essay examines the negative impacts of technology on health, culture, and psychology in the societal setup. Equally, the essay deliberates the generally positive effects of technology in the community.

The speedy insurgency in technology has extremely influenced societal daily life both negatively and positively (Easton, 2011). For instance, the psychologies of youngsters are related to blank sheets. The contemporary peer groups are known to possess a great level of deftness. The preeminent cleverness enables children to fill their minds faster than expected with the available info. Thus, such gen might be taken out from texting, television shows, games, as well as edification resources like books.

Controlled use of the available information is helpful to children and could update them on the present technology. Nevertheless, the misuse of such technological advancements certainly impedes and damages the education sector, communication, and growth of individual perfection.

Negative impacts of technology on societal health

The development of technology has exposed people from different societies to experience emotional and mental disorders. These include delusion, phobias, and anxiety that all marks the indications of psychosis. The symptoms merely emerge after the influence of technology that leaves an individual seriously ill due to the bizarre diseases caused by the WebMD (Castells, 2009).

Equally, neurosis caused by technology manifests after an individual is flattered that he/she is prominent, yet the devices used is full of viruses. In turn, this retards the development of society negatively.

One may not believe that technology could cause obesity. Today, most people spend extra time viewing comical cat videotapes on YouTube, chatting to friends online, or playing audiovisual games. This amount to obese situations as there is little time for exercises and active training (Castells, 2009). Similarly, the probability of careless consumption of unwholesome food surfed on the internet is high. Such circumstances will lead to increased memorization of people to contract diseases as a result of unhealthy food.

Unfortunate slumber behaviors

The habits of sleeping can be related to the current developments in technology that are believed to be undesirable. A good number of people plunge into the online events that can make them stay awake until late into the night. Hence, the continuous stream is enough to generate into turning off the brainpower. The ambient light from monitors negatively influences the discharge of sleep biochemical (melatonin). Therefore, it is advisable to keep the technology outside the sleeping quarters.

Negative effects of technology on culture

Excessive violence.

Technology has led to excess violence. Once an individual has lost understanding, violence transpires counter to the social custom. The adolescent girls are filming violently and end up fighting with each other. The number of bombardments in learning institutions is on the high-rise (Nables, 2013). Violence is evidence of violence caused by the media as part of technology development as seen in videotapes of individuals confronting homeless fellows.

Absence of social ties

Frontal communication is required in a society to generate a lasting union that connects different societies. The extent at which an individual detaches his/herself through modern technology affects the formation of unions. Several persons in the community do more chores at homesteads and thus have little time to spend with the other kinfolks.

The absence of social bonds denatures the culture that exists amongst people that live together. Furthermore, the younger generation desires to communicate online but not on a head-on basis (Mumford, 2010). Teething troubles emanate at the time people in the same room chat through instant messaging or text rather than face-to-face talk.

Technology results in social seclusion that is distinguished by a lack of interaction with the societies in usual day-to-day existence. People segregate themselves through hanging onto the iPods while gazing at the monitor of the newest cellphone gadgets. The research has made it clear that the persons who isolate themselves socially have a shorter lifespan. Thus, isolation is detrimental to the norms of the society since it leads to a perverted reality sense.

Negative results of technology on psychology

Raised frustration.

In contemporary society, teenagers indulge in texting, gaming, or surfing the internet. Such events have influenced the psyche of children destructively. Subsequently, this leads to amplified frustrations that result in stress due to affected psychology. Every time the children are required to perform anything at the time they are surfing the internet or playing games, they will get irritated.

Frustration will hinder their daily existence in societal life. For example, supposed they are probed to pour the garbage out, children would be immediately furious (Alice, 2013). The conduct has devastated the relationships between several children and their parents.

Depreciated tolerance

Tolerance is one of the highly valuable virtues in society. Lack of tolerance can depreciate personal willpower. Devoid of determination that associates with patience, the society faces difficult hurdles in enduring the adversities of life expectancy. Divergent studies reveal that patience in teenagers is gradually fading as a result of the inappropriate usage of technology. In this context, peer groups in the society are irritated quickly at the time they access the internet and the folio that they seek to view loads much slower (Alice, 2013).

Lack of physical interactivity

It is hard to refute the point that technological advancement has fashioned an exceptional technique of communication and interaction. Currently, the way individuals intermingle with one another has changed to a greater extent.

Technology has let the ease of communication through diverse podiums such as social media, role-playing online games, and apps (Alice, 2013). Technology development has weakened the physical interface and mental skills of several youngsters. As a result, damage to the children’ psyche makes them intermingle awkwardly with their fellows at the time they meet.

Positive effects of technology on society

The society has experienced several advantages related to the developed technology in the everyday lifecycle. In essence, technology has helped society in different fields such as communication, education, transportation, health, and agriculture. To start with, technology with the aid of cellphone technology has enabled individuals to communicate with the relative or friends who stay away from the same locality. Besides, the invention of the internet has boosted the erudition on online courses as well as new-fangled business.

The technology relating to aviation has enabled the community to reach places that will require extra hours to travel to. For instance, in the olden days, some places could take individual years to reach due to elongated distance. Technology is important as it has made the use of available natural resources accessible thus, the society general living standards have improved.

Moreover, social networking has made the connection easy in that one can get in contact with relatives or friends they met during the early stages of development (Glenda, 2014). The information can be shared amongst several people all over the globe within the shortest period possible (milliseconds) with the assistance of IT (information technology). Ultimately, food security in society has got a boost by the advanced technology that has transformed the field of agriculture.

Technology can be compared to the coin as it has two sides (negative and positive impacts). The choices depend on an individual or diverse society to get the best out of using technology. Indeed, the employment of technology to excessively exploit the available resources is evil. The use of knowledge for positive expectations results in a positive effect of technology in daily lives. No one can compete against the development of technology in any societal department. The technological growth must be optimistic so that it positively benefits the present as well as the forthcoming societies.

Alice, M. (2013). The 4 negative side effects of technology . Web.

Castells, M. (2009). The Rise of the network society . Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Easton, T. (2011). Taking sides: Clashing views in science, technology, and society . New York, NY Columbus: McGraw-Hill/ Dushkin.

Glenda, C. (2014). Using technology to improve society. Web.

Mumford, L. (2010). Technics and civilization . Chicago, USA: University of Chicago Press.

Nables, R. (2013). Negative effects of technology on society. Fast Review, Publishing & Printing International Journal.

Cite this paper

• Chicago (N-B)
• Chicago (A-D)

StudyCorgi. (2020, April 8). Negative Effects of Technology on Society. https://studycorgi.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-society/

"Negative Effects of Technology on Society." StudyCorgi , 8 Apr. 2020, studycorgi.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-society/.

StudyCorgi . (2020) 'Negative Effects of Technology on Society'. 8 April.

1. StudyCorgi . "Negative Effects of Technology on Society." April 8, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-society/.

Bibliography

StudyCorgi . "Negative Effects of Technology on Society." April 8, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-society/.

StudyCorgi . 2020. "Negative Effects of Technology on Society." April 8, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/negative-effects-of-technology-on-society/.

This paper, “Negative Effects of Technology on Society”, was written and voluntary submitted to our free essay database by a straight-A student. Please ensure you properly reference the paper if you're using it to write your assignment.

Before publication, the StudyCorgi editorial team proofread and checked the paper to make sure it meets the highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, fact accuracy, copyright issues, and inclusive language. Last updated: April 8, 2020 .

If you are the author of this paper and no longer wish to have it published on StudyCorgi, request the removal . Please use the “ Donate your paper ” form to submit an essay.

An official website of the United States government

The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

• Publications
• Account settings

Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October 2024. Learn More or Try it out now .

• Advanced Search
• Journal List
• Dialogues Clin Neurosci
• v.22(2); 2020 Jun

Language: English | Spanish | French

Brain health consequences of digital technology use


Consecuencias para la salud del cerebro del empleo de la tecnología digital, conséquences sur la santé cérébrale de l’usage des technologies numériques, gary w. small.

Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, the UCLA Longevity Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California, US

Jooyeon Lee

Aaron kaufman, jason jalil, prabha siddarth, himaja gaddipati, teena d. moody, susan y. bookheimer.

Emerging scientific evidence indicates that frequent digital technology use has a significant impact—both negative and positive—on brain function and behavior. Potential harmful effects of extensive screen time and technology use include heightened attention-deficit symptoms, impaired emotional and social intelligence, technology addiction, social isolation, impaired brain development, and disrupted sleep. However, various apps, videogames, and other online tools may benefit brain health. Functional imaging scans show that internet-naive older adults who learn to search online show significant increases in brain neural activity during simulated internet searches. Certain computer programs and videogames may improve memory, multitasking skills, fluid intelligence, and other cognitive abilities. Some apps and digital tools offer mental health interventions providing self-management, monitoring, skills training, and other interventions that may improve mood and behavior. Additional research on the positive and negative brain health effects of technology is needed to elucidate mechanisms and underlying causal relationships.


La evidencia científica que está surgiendo muestra que el empleo frecuente de la tecnología digital tiene un impacto significativo, tanto negativo como positivo, en la función cerebral y en el comportamiento. Los posibles efectos nocivos del tiempo prolongado frente a la pantalla y del empleo de la tecnología incluyen síntomas como marcado déficit de atención, deterioro de la inteligencia emocional y social, adicción a la tecnología, aislamiento social, deterioro del desarrollo cerebral y alteraciones del sueño. Sin embargo, hay varias aplicaciones, videojuegos y otras herramientas en línea que pueden beneficiar la salud del cerebro. En las imágenes cerebrales funcionales se ha observado que los adultos mayores vírgenes a internet que aprenden a buscar en línea, muestran aumentos significativos en la actividad neuronal cerebral durante las búsquedas simuladas en internet. Ciertos programas computacionales y videojuegos pueden mejorar la memoria, las destrezas en tareas múltiples, la fluidez de la inteligencia y otras habilidades cognitivas. Hay varias aplicaciones y herramientas digitales que ofrecen intervenciones en salud mental y que proporcionan automanejo, monitoreo, capacitación junto a otras intervenciones que pueden mejorar el estado de ánimo y el comportamiento. Se require de investigación adicional acerca de los efectos positivos y negativos de la tecnología sobre la salud del cerebro para dilucidar los mecanismos y las relaciones causales subyacentes.

D’après de nouvelles données scientifiques, l’usage fréquent des technologies numériques influe significativement sur le comportement et le fonctionnement cérébral, de façon aussi bien négative que positive. Une pratique excessive des écrans et des technologies numériques peut avoir des effets néfastes comme des symptômes de déficit d'attention, une intelligence émotionnelle et sociale altérée, une dépendance à la technologie, un isolement social, un développement cérébral dégradé et des troubles du sommeil. Cependant, certaines applications, jeux vidéo et autres outils en ligne peuvent avoir des effets bénéfiques sur le cerveau. L'imagerie fonctionnelle montre une activité neuronale significativement augmentée chez des personnes âgées jamais exposées à Internet et qui apprennent à faire des recherches en ligne. Certains programmes informatiques et jeux vidéo peuvent améliorer la mémoire, les compétences multitâches, l'agilité de l’intelligence et d'autres capacités cognitives. Dans le domaine de la santé mentale, différents outils et applications numériques permettant l'autogestion, le suivi, l'acquisition de compétences et d'autres techniques sont susceptibles d'améliorer l'humeur et le comportement du patient. Les effets positifs et négatifs de la technologie sur la santé cérébrale nécessitent d’être encore étudiés afin d’en mieux comprendre les mécanismes et les relations de cause à effet.

Introduction


During the past three decades, digital technology has transformed our daily lives. People at every age are now taking advantage of the vast amounts of available online information and communication platforms that connect them with others. This technology helps us to generate, store, and process enormous amounts of information and interact with each other rapidly and efficiently.


Most adults use the internet daily, and nearly one out of four report being online most of the time. 1 Because of this transformation to an online world, neuroscientists have begun focusing their attention on how digital technology may be changing our brains and behavior. The emerging data suggest that constant technology use impacts brain function and behavior in both positive and negative ways. For example, older individuals suffering from cognitive decline could use the internet to access information to help them remain independent longer; however, many seniors with cognitive complaints are reluctant or unable to adopt new technologies. 2 Our group’s functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research tracking neural activity during simulated internet searches suggests that simply searching online may represent a form of mental exercise that can strengthen neural circuits. 3 By contrast, the persistent multitasking that is characteristic of most technology users impairs cognitive performance. 4 In this review, we highlight some of the research suggesting potential benefits and possible risks of using digital technology.


Potential harmful effects of digital technology use


Reduced attention
.

Multiple studies have drawn a link between computer use or extensive screen time (eg, watching television, playing videogames) and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A 2014 meta-analysis indicated a correlation between media use and attention problems. 5 A recent survey of adolescents without symptoms of ADHD at the start of the study indicated a significant association between more frequent use of digital media and symptoms of ADHD after 24 months of follow-up. 6 Although most of the research linking technology use and ADHD symptoms has involved children and adolescents, this association has been identified in people at any age. 7 


The reason for the link between technology use and attention problems is uncertain, but might be attributed to repetitive attentional shifts and multitasking, which can impair executive functioning. 8 Moreover, when people are constantly using their technology, they have fewer opportunities to interact offline and allow their brain to rest in its default mode. 9 


Impaired emotional and social intelligence


Because of concern that a young, developing brain may be particularly sensitive to chronic exposure to computers, smartphones, tablets, or televisions, the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that parents limit screen time for children aged 2 years or younger, when the brain is particularly malleable. 10 Spending extensive periods of time with digital media translates to spending less time communicating face to face. 11 


Kirsh and Mounts 12 explored the hypothesis that playing videogames would interfere with the ability to recognize emotions conveyed through facial expressions. They examined the effects of playing videogames on recognition of facial expressions of emotions in 197 students (ages 17 to 23 years). Participants played violent videogames before watching a series of calm faces morph into either angry or happy faces. Participants were asked to quickly identify the emotion while the facial expression changed. The authors found that happy faces were identified faster than angry faces, and that playing violent videogames delayed happy-face recognition time. 


Our team at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) 13 hypothesized that preteens restricted from screen-based media would have more opportunities for face-to-face interactions, which would improve their ability to recognize nonverbal emotional and social cues. We studied 51 schoolchildren who spent five days at an overnight nature camp where television, computers, and smartphones were forbidden, and compared them with 54 school-based matched controls who continued their usual media practices (4 hours of screen time per day). At baseline and after 5 days, participants were assessed for their ability to recognize emotions from photographs of facial expressions and videotaped scenes of social interactions (without verbal cues). After 5 days, the nature camp participants restricted from screen time demonstrated significantly better recognition of nonverbal emotional and social cues than participants who continued their usual daily screen time. These findings suggest that time away from screen-based media and digital communication tools improves both emotional and social intelligence.


Technology addiction


Although not formally included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 14 excessive and pathological internet use has been recognized as an internet addiction, which shares features with substance-use disorders or pathological gambling. Common features include preoccupations, mood changes, development of tolerance, withdrawal, and functional impairment. 15 , 16 The global prevalence of internet addiction is estimated at 6%, but in some regions such as the Middle East the prevalence is as high as 11%. 17 Students with internet addiction are more likely to suffer from ADHD symptoms than from other psychiatric disorders. 18 You and colleagues 16 reported that schoolchildren with internet addiction experienced significantly greater symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity than non–internet-addicted students. Panagiotidi and Overton 19 reported greater ADHD symptoms in adults aged 18 to 70 years with internet addiction: predictors of addiction included younger age, playing massively multiplayer online role-playing games, and spending more time online. Despite consistent associations between ADHD symptoms and internet addiction, a causal relationship has not been confirmed. It is possible that people with ADHD symptoms have a greater risk for developing technology addiction, but an alternative explanation is that extensive technology use from addictive behavior causes ADHD symptoms.


Social isolation


Ninety percent of young adults in the United States use social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, and Instagram, and most visit these sites at least daily. 20 Paradoxically, social media use is linked to social isolation (ie, a lack of social connections and quality relationships with others), 21 which is associated with poor health outcomes and increased mortality. 1 


Primack and colleagues 20 studied 1787 young adults (ages 19 to 32 years) and found that using social media 2 or more hours each day dou- bled the odds for perceived social isolation compared with use less than 30 minutes each day. Similar associations between perceived social isolation and social media use were observed in 213 middle-aged and older adults. 22 Possible explanations for such findings include reduced offline social experiences and the tendency to make upward social comparisons based on highly curated social media feeds that produce unrealistic expectations of oneself. 1 Future research should explore casual explanations for such relationships and seek ways to address the needs of people who may benefit from social media–based interventions, such as geographically isolated individuals.


Adverse impact on cognitive and brain development


Screen time may also adversely impact cognitive and brain development. In a recent review, children under age 2 were reported to spend over 1 hour each day in front of a screen; by age 3, that number exceeded 3 hours. 23 Increased screen time (and less reading time) has been associated with poorer language development and executive functioning, particularly in very young children, 24 as well as poorer language development in a large cohort of minority children. 25 In infants, increased screen time was one of several factors that predicted behavioral problems. 26 For infants 6 to 12 months, increased screen time was linked to poorer early language development. 27 In children of preschool age and older, digital media directed toward active learning can be educational, but only when accompanied by parental interaction. 23 


Recent research has examined the effects of media exposure on brain development. In a study of children aged 8 to 12 years, more screen and less reading time were associated with decreased brain connectivity between regions controlling word recognition and both language and cognitive control. 24 Such connections are considered important for reading comprehension and suggest a negative impact of screen time on the developing brain. Structurally, increased screen time relates to decreased integrity of white-matter pathways necessary for reading and language. 28 Given the growing prominence of screen use among even very young children at stages when brain plasticity is greatest, there is significant concern about the cognitive and brain development of the current generation of screen-exposed children that requires greater understanding


Sleep


Recent studies indicate that screen exposure disrupts sleep, which can have a negative effect on cognition and behavior. Daily touch-screen use among infants and toddlers was shown to negatively impact sleep onset, sleep duration, and nighttime awakenings. 29 In adolescents, more time using smartphones and touch screens was associated with greater sleep disturbances, and tablet time was associated with poor sleep quality and increased awakenings after sleep onset. 30 In adults, increased smartphone use was associated with shorter sleep duration and less efficient sleep. 31 Poor sleep quality is associated with brain changes, such as reduced functional connectivity and decreased gray-matter volume, as well as an increased risk for age-associated cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. 32 , 33 


It is unclear whether the act of looking at screens or media content disrupts sleep; however, it is well-known that the wavelength of light exposure affects the circadian rhythms that govern sleep. Computer and phone light-emitting diode (LED) screens emit slow wave, blue light that interferes with circadian rhythms. Exposure to LED versus non-LED screens has been shown to produce changes in melatonin levels and sleep quality, and such exposure decreases cognitive performance. 34 Thus, it is important to recognize the effects of screen time on sleep as a moderator of various negative effects on cognition and brain function.


Brain-health benefits of digital technology


Despite these potential harmful brain-health effects of digital technology, emerging evidence points to several benefits for the aging brain in particular, including opportunities for brain-strengthening neural exercise, cognitive training, and the online delivery of mental-health interventions and support ( Table I

Neural exercise


Internet-savvy versus internet-naive adults
.

Functional neuroimaging allows scientists to observe regional neural activity during various mental tasks. Our group was the first to explore neural activity using functional MRI while research volunteers performed simulated internet searching. 3 Previous studies suggested that mentally challenging tasks, such as searching online, may benefit brain health and even delay cognitive decline. 35 , 36 We focused on internet searching because it is so common among people of all ages. 37 


We assessed patterns of brain neural activation in 24 cognitively normal middle-aged and older adults (ages 55 to 76 years): 12 of them had minimal internet search experience (net-naive group), and 12 had extensive experience (net-savvy group). In addition to the internet-search task, we used a control task of reading text on a computer screen formatted to simulate a printed book layout.


We found that text reading activated brain regions controlling language, reading, memory, and visual abilities (left inferior frontal, temporal, posterior cingulate, parietal, and occipital regions), and the magnitude and extent of activation were similar in the net-naive and net-savvy groups. During internet searching, net-naive subjects displayed activation patterns similar to those observed while reading text. However, net-savvy subjects demonstrated significant activity in neural signal intensity in additional regions controlling decision-making, complex reasoning, and vision (frontal pole, anterior temporal region, anterior and posterior cingulate, and hippocampus). During the internet-search task, the net-savvy group displayed a more than twofold increase in the extent of activation in the major regional clusters compared with the net-naive group (21 782 versus 8646 total activated voxels).


These findings suggest that searching online may be a form of brain neural exercise. Other research indicates that after several months, daily computer-game playing leads to reduced cortical neural activity. 38 Our other research indicates that memory training, along with healthy lifestyle behaviors (eg, physical exercise, healthy diet), leads to reduced dorsal prefrontal cortical metabolism after 2 weeks. 36 Such findings suggest that task repetition over time leads to lower neural activity during the task, which could reflect greater cognitive efficiency after mental training.


One model that could explain such findings is that novel and stimulating mental experiences, such as searching on the internet, initially lead to minimal activation before the internet user discovers strategies for solving the unfamiliar mental challenge. After such insights, a broader neural network is engaged. After repeated sessions, the initially novel mental task becomes routine and repetitive, no longer posing a mental challenge. The lower activity observed may thus reflect a more efficient neural response. These results also suggest that previous internet-search experience may alter the brain’s responsiveness in neural circuits controlling decision-making and complex reasoning. The net-savvy volunteers showed increased activation during the internet-search task, which suggests that internet searching may remain a novel and mentally stimulating process even after continued practice.


Internet training and brain function


We also used functional MRI to record brain neural activity during simulated internet-search tasks in 12 net-naive and 12 net-savvy subjects before and after internet training. 39 Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that net-naive volunteers would recruit a larger frontal lobe network after internet training and that net-savvy volunteers would show either no increase or a decrease in activation after training because of greater cognitive efficiency due to training.


The training consisted of brief instructions on how to search online along with practice sessions (1 hour per day for a week). To increase motivation, participants were told that they would be quizzed on their knowledge of assigned search topics after the experiment.


During their first session, net-naive subjects recruited a neural network that included the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri, as well as the lateral occipital cortex and occipital pole. During the second session (after internet training), additional regions in the middle and inferior frontal gyri were recruited only in the net-naive group. By contrast, during their first scan session, the net-savvy subjects recruited a cortical network that, though overlapping with that of the net-naive subjects, showed more extensive regions of activation ( Figures 1 and 2 ). This cortical network included regions that control mental activities supporting tasks required for internet searches, including decision-making, working memory, and the ability to suppress nonrelevant information. Moreover, net-savvy participants showed a pattern of activation that was reduced after the training. This reduction is consistent with our hypothesis that the brain becomes more efficient and possibly habituates to the internet task over time. Overall, these findings suggest that internet searching for relatively short periods of time can change brain-activity patterns in middle-aged and older adults.


Other groups have explored the effects of internet-search training on brain structure and function. Dong and associates 40 studied the influence of short-term internet-search training on white-matter microstructure via diffusion tensor imaging. After 6 training days, they found that the 59 participants (mean age 21 years) showed increased fractional anisotropy (diffusion tensor imaging scans) in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus and within that region, decreased radial diffusivity. These findings suggest that short-term internet-search training may increase white-matter integrity in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, which could result from increased myelination. 


Shapira and colleagues 41 assessed the psychological effects of learning computer and internet-search methods. They offered a course to 22 older adults (mean age 80 years), who were compared with 26 participants engaged in other activities. The investigators reported significant improvements in the intervention group in measures of life satisfaction, depression, loneliness, and self-control after 4 months, whereas the control group showed declines in each of these measures. These findings suggest that computer and internet training contribute to older adults’ well-being and sense of empowerment.


White and associates 42 performed a randomized controlled trial assessing the psychosocial impact of internet access to older adults during a 5-month period. The intervention group (n=29) received 9 hours of training (6 sessions over 2 weeks) and experienced less loneliness, less depression, and more positive attitudes toward computers than controls (n=19) who were not regular internet users.


Cognitive training


Memory ability
.

Findings showing that mental stimulation and cognitive training improve memory in older adults 43 , 44 have led to the development of several memory apps and computer games. Miller and associates 45 explored whether computerized brain-training exercises (Dakim Brain Fitness) improved cognitive performance in older adults without dementia (mean age of 82 years). Subjects were randomized into an intervention group (n=36) that used a computer program 5 days a week for 20 to 25 minutes each day, or a wait-list control group (n=33). Neuropsychological testing at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months showed that the intervention group improved significantly in delayed memory, and the control group did not. Moreover, participants who played the computer program for at least 40 sessions over 6 months improved in immediate memory, delayed memory, and language. These findings point to the potential benefit of cognitive training using a computerized, self-paced program. 


In a meta-analysis of computerized cognitive training, investigators found an overall moderate effect on cognition in mild cognitive impairment across 17 trials. 46 Small to moderate effects were reported for global cognition, attention, working memory, and learning abilities.


Multitasking skills


Multitasking has been defined as performing two simultaneous tasks, which is only possible when the tasks are automatic, but it can also refer to rapid switching between tasks. Research has shown that such task switching increases error rates. 47 Multitasking is common thanks to widespread technology use, and multiple studies point to its negative impact on cognitive performance. 48 However, certain computer games may enhance multitasking, one of the cognitive domains that declines in a linear fashion across the lifespan. 48 


Anguera and colleagues 49 trained volunteers (ages 60 to 85 years) over 4 weeks using a videogame called NeuroRacer, in which players control a car on a winding road while responding to signs that randomly appear. Out of 46 participants, 16 were trained in multitasking (both driving and sign reading), 15 in single-tasking mode (active controls; either sign reading or driving), and 15 received no training (no-contact controls). Only the multitasking training group showed significant improvements in performance scores, which not only exceeded that of untrained individuals in their twenties but was maintained for 6 months without additional training. Moreover, the multitasking training improved other cognitive skills, including working memory and divided and sustained attention.


Working memory and fluid intelligence


Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to reason and think flexibly and requires working memory, the ability to retain information over a brief period of time. Investigators have found that training in working memory may improve fluid intelligence. 50 , 51 Jaeggi and associates 52 used a training program (n-back task) to investigate the effects of working-memory training on fluid intelligence. Healthy subjects (n=70) were randomized into working-memory training groups that were further randomized according to number of training sessions (8, 12, 17, or 19 days), or a control group that received no training. All subjects received pre- and post-testing on a measure of fluid intelligence at the same time intervals. The four groups not only showed significant improvements in working memory, but also on tests of fluid intelligence. Moreover, results demonstrated that the longer the training period, the greater the improvement in fluid intelligence. These results indicated successful transfer of improved working memory to improved fluid intelligence measures with a dose-dependent training effect. 


Visual attention and reaction time


Videogames have been popular for decades, and many gamers who began playing in the 1980s have continued to play through adulthood. Despite potential negative health effects of excessive playing (eg, attention deficits, social withdrawal, increased risk of obesity), recent research suggests potential benefits, such as improved visual attention processing, spatial visualization, reaction time, and mental rotation. Green and Bavelier 53 have shown that playing action videogames more than 4 days per week (at least 1 hour each day) for 6 months enhances visual attention (ie, the ability to recognize and process visual information), spatial attention over the visual field, and task-switching abilities.


Rosser and colleagues 54 examined a potential link between action videogaming and laparoscopic surgical skills and suturing. Surgeons who played videogames more than 3 hours each week made 37% fewer surgical errors, were 27% faster in response times, and scored 42% better in measures of laparoscopic and suturing skills than surgeons who do not play videogames. Moreover, the most experienced players in specific videogames (Super Monkey Ball 2, Star Wars Racer Revenge, and Silent Scope) made 47% fewer errors and performed 39% faster. These findings suggest that playing action videogames can improve cognitive and motor skills that improve surgical skills and lower error rates in the operating room.


Other mental health interventions


Technological advances have brought about novel approaches for delivering mental health support and interventions in the form of apps for smartphones or tablets, as well as through telepsychiatry. Internet-based mental health interventions offer the advantages of accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and anonymity. Between 2009 and 2015, the National Institute of Mental Health awarded more than 400 grants totaling $445 million for technology-enhanced mental-health interventions to further investigate roles for technology in preventing and treating mental disorders. 55 


Investigators have studied the efficacy of various online mental health interventions. For example, Peter and colleagues 56 found that an online, 4-week intervention using cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia reduced depression and insomnia ratings at levels comparable to traditional face-to-face interventions. Segal and associates 57 evaluated the effectiveness of treating residual depressive symptoms with a web-based program that delivers mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. They found that use of this program in addition to usual depression care significantly improved depression and functional outcomes compared with usual depression care alone.


Several digital mental health applications have been developed or are in development, such as self-management apps that provide user feedback (eg, medication reminders, stress management tips, heart rate, and breathing patterns). Other programs provide skills training using educational videos on anxiety management or the importance of social support. Some applications have the capacity to collect data using smartphone sensors that record movement patterns, social interactions (eg, number of texts and phone calls), and other behaviors throughout the day.


Despite some promising early research, systematic studies demonstrating the efficacy of these emerging apps are limited. A recent review 58 indicated that only 3% of downloadable apps had research to justify their effectiveness claims, and most of that research was performed by the program developers. Another recent survey 59 of online-technology use to support mental health and well-being indicated that smartphone apps were the most commonly used technology: 78% of respondents used them either alone or in combination with other technologies. The apps that are being used provide guided activities, relaxation, and tracking; social media and discussion forums; and web-based programs to assist in the management of daily stress and anxiety.


Conclusions


Research on the brain-health consequences of digital technology is beginning to elucidate how these novel devices and programs can both help and harm brain function. Their frequent use heightens ADHD symptoms, interferes with emotional and social intelligence, can lead to addictive behaviors, increases social isolation, and interferes with brain development and sleep. However, specific programs, videogames, and other online tools may provide mental exercises that activate neural circuitry, improve cognitive functioning, reduce anxiety, increase restful sleep, and offer other brain-health benefits. Future research needs to elucidate underlying mechanisms and causal relationships between technology use and brain health, with a focus on both the positive and negative impact of digital technology use.


Acknowledgments

The University of California, Los Angeles, owns a US patent (6,274,119) entitled “Methods for Labeling β-Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles,” which has been licensed to Ceremark Pharma, LLC. Dr Small is among the inventors and is a cofounder of Ceremark Pharma, LLC. Dr Small also reports having served as an advisor to and/or having received lecture fees from AARP, Acadia, Avanir, Genentech, Handok, Herbalife, Medscape, RB Health, Roche, Theravalues, and WebMD, and having received research funds from The Wonderful Company. Supported in part by the Parlow-Solomon Professorship on Aging

Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

Read our research on:

Full Topic List

Regions & Countries

• Publications
• Our Methods
• Short Reads
• Tools & Resources

Read Our Research On:

• The Future of Well-Being in a Tech-Saturated World
• 3. Concerns about the future of people’s well-being

Table of Contents

• 1. The state of play for technology and looming changes
• 2. Hopes for the future of the digital life
• 4. Intervention ideas to ease problems
• 5. Key experts’ thinking about digital life and individuals’ well-being in the next decade
• About this canvassing of experts
• Acknowledgments

About half of the people responding in this study were in substantial agreement that the positives of digital life will continue to outweigh the negatives. However, as in all great technological revolutions, digital life has and will continue to have a dark side.

Roughly a third of respondents predicted that harms to well-being will outweigh the positives overall in the next decade. In addition, even among those who said they are hopeful that digital life will be more helpful than harmful and among those who said there will not be much change, there were many who also expressed deep concerns about people’s well-being in the future. All of these voices are represented in this section of the report.

The technologies that 50 years ago we could only dream of in science fiction novels, which we then actually created with so much faith and hope in their power to unite us and make us freer, have been co-opted into tools of surveillance, behavioral manipulation, radicalization and addiction. Anonymous research scientist and professor

[artificial intelligence]

Rich Salz , principal engineer at Akamai Technologies, commented, “We have already seen some negative effects, including more isolation, less ability to focus, more ability to be deceived by bad actors (fake news) and so on. I do not see those lessening. Sadly.”

Leora Lawton , lecturer in demography and sociology and executive director of the Berkeley Population Center at the University of California, Berkeley, shared these reasons digital life is likely to be mostly harmful: “The long-term effects of children growing up with screen time are not well understood but early signs are not encouraging: poor attention spans, anxiety, depression and lack of in-person social connections are some of the correlations already seen, as well as the small number of teens who become addicts and non-functioning adults.”

David Ellis, Ph.D. , course director of the department of communication studies at York University in Toronto, said, “Much like a mutating virus, digital services and devices keep churning out new threats along with the new benefits – making mitigation efforts a daunting and open-ended challenge for everyone. Over the next decade, the majority of North Americans will experience harms of many different kinds thanks to the widespread adoption and use of digital technologies. The last year alone has seen an outpouring of commentary, including some 20 trade books, arguing that our digital habits are harming individual welfare and tearing up the social fabric. In marketing its services, Silicon Valley is committed to the relentless promotion of convenience and connectedness. Its success in doing so has wreaked havoc on personal privacy, online security, social skills and the ability to focus attention, not least in college classrooms. While they may be victims of a kind, most consumers are simply in denial about their compulsive use of smartphones and social media, as well as other services designed by their developers to be addictive – a problem that persists even when legal sanctions are in play, as with texting while driving. There’s growing evidence these digital addictions are promoting depression, loneliness, video-gaming abuse and even suicidal behavior, especially among teens and young adults. Instead of feeling obliged to moderate their level of connectivity, however, consumers have come to feel a sense of entitlement about their habits, unconstrained by social mores that previously framed these habits as inappropriate. Indeed, heavy use of digital devices is widely encouraged because of the misguided idea that so-called multitasking makes us more productive.”

An anonymous research scientist and professor said, “The grand internet experiment is slowly derailing. The technologies that 50 years ago we could only dream of in science fiction novels, which we then actually created with so much faith and hope in their power to unite us and make us freer, have been co-opted into tools of surveillance, behavioral manipulation, radicalization and addiction.”

The next few sections share primary concerns expressed by respondents, grouped under commonly expressed themes: digital deficits; digital addiction; digital distrust/divisiveness; digital duress; and digital dangers.

Digital deficits : People’s cognitive capabilities will be challenged in multiple ways, including their capacity for analytical thinking, memory, focus, creativity, reflection and mental resilience

A number of respondents said people’s cognitive capabilities seem to be undergoing changes detrimental to human performance. Because these deficits are found most commonly among those who live a highly digital life, they are being attributed to near-constant connectivity online.

Steven Polunsky , a research scientist at Texas A&M University, wrote, “One way to describe how we behave is the OODA cycle – when something happens, we Observe it, Orient it to our personal context, Decide what to do and Act on that decision. The internet is easily weaponized to short-circuit that process, so we receive minimal information and are urged to act immediately on it. Unless behavior changes and adapts, this tendency will lead to greater dissatisfaction among internet users and those affected by their actions, which may be a wide audience.”

Nikki Graves , an associate professor at Emory University’s Goizueta Business School, said, “We currently live in a culture that fosters attention-deficit disorder because of hyperconnectivity. I have been teaching at the college level since 1993, and I can see a definitive decline in students’ ability to focus on details and in general. Additionally, I believe that the research on the relationship between hyperconnectivity and this has merit.”

We currently live in a culture that fosters attention-deficit disorder because of hyperconnectivity. Nikki Graves

Meg Mott , a professor of politics at Marlboro College, said, “The internet is harming well-being. My answer has to do with the disturbing trend amongst college students, who operate as if all questions should be answered online. The devices make it so easy to find answers elsewhere that students forget to ask deep questions of themselves. This lack of uninterrupted introspection creates a very human problem: the anxiety of not knowing oneself. The more the culture equates knowledge with data and social life with social media, the less time is spent on the path of wisdom, a path that always requires a good quotient of self-awareness. This becomes evident in classes where a portion of the grade is derived by open-ended writing assignments. In order to write a compelling essay, the author needs to know that the process of crafting a question is more interesting than the retrieval of any answer. Instead, the anxiety is attached to getting the ‘right’ piece of data. I am of the mind that a lot of the anxiety we see in college students is the agony of not having a clue about who they are. This hypothesis is now supported by Jean Twenge’s research on the impact of smartphones on the Millennial and post-Millennial generations.”

An anonymous director of one of the world’s foremost digital rights organization said, “I’m concerned that the pace of technology creation is faster than the pace of our understanding, or our development of critical thinking. Consider, for a moment, the latest buzzword: blockchain . Yesterday, I heard about a blockchain app designed for consent in sexual interactions – designed, of course, by men in Silicon Valley. If it sounds ridiculous, that’s because it is. We’ve reached a phase in which men (always men) believe that technology can solve all of our social problems. Nevermind the fact that a blockchain is a permanent ledger (and thus incontestable, even though sexual abuse can occur after consent is given) or that blockchain applications aren’t designed for privacy (imagine the outing of a sexual partner that could occur in this instance). This is merely one example, but I worry that we’re headed toward a world in which techno-solutionism reigns, ‘value’ has lost all its meaning, and we’re no longer taught critical-thinking skills.”

An anonymous president of a U.S.-based nonprofit commented, “Increasingly social media is continuing to reduce people’s real communication skills and working knowledge. Major industries – energy, religion, environment, etc., are rotting from lack of new leadership. The level of those with aliteracy – people who can read but choose not to do so – is increasing in percentage. The issues we face are complex and intertwined, obfuscated further by lazy bloated media and readers and huge established industry desperate to remain in power as cheaply, easily, safely and profitably as possible – of course! Those of us who still read actual books that require thinking rather than mere entertainment, must redouble our efforts to explain the complex phenomena we are in the midst of addressing in simple terms that can encourage, stimulate, motivate.”

Some respondents also more indirectly noted that individuals’ anxiety over online political divisiveness, security and privacy issues, bullying/trolling, their loss of independent agency due to lack of control over what they are served by platform providers, and other psychosocial stress are contributing factors in this cognitive change.

An anonymous professor wrote, “As life becomes more and more monitored, what was previously private space will become public, causing more stress in people’s lives. Furthermore, some of these technologies will operate without a person’s knowledge or consent. People cannot opt out, advocate for themselves, or fix errors about themselves in proprietary algorithms.”

A sampling of additional comments about “digital deficits” from anonymous respondents :

• “We have less focus – too much multitasking – and not enough real connection.”
• “The downside is too much information and the lack of ability to manage it.”
• “Attention spans have certainly been decreasing recently because people are inundated with information today.”
• “There is increasing isolation from human interaction and increased Balkanization of knowledge and understanding.”
• “Over 50% of U.S. children over 10 now have some sort of social network-based application, whether it be Instagram, Snapchat or Minecraft. These children are always looking for what they may be missing online. They are increasingly finding it hard to be present and focused.”
• “The writing skills of students have been in constant decline, as they opt for abbreviations and symbols rather than appropriately structured sentences.”
• “Digital users who have not lived without technology will not know how to cope with utilizing resources outside of solely tech. With users relying on devices for companionship, we will no longer see people’s faces, only the blue or white screens reflecting from this effervescent gaze.”

Digital addiction : Internet businesses are organized around dopamine-dosing tools designed to hook the public

Some of the most-concerned respondents pointed to the monetization of attention – the foundation of the internet economy – as the driving force behind many wellness issues.

Douglas Rushkoff , writer, documentarian, and professor of media at City University of New York, said, “The real reason why digital technology will continue to compromise human cognition and well-being is that the companies dominating the space (Facebook, Google, Amazon) are run by people with no knowledge of human society or history. By leaving college at an early age, or running companies immediately after graduating, they fell under the spell of venture capitalists who push growth of capital over all other values. So the platforms will necessarily compromise humanity, democracy and other essential values. The larger the companies grow, the more desperate and extractive they will have to become to grow still further.”

Unfortunately, major social media corporations have discovered that anger and insecurity keep people glued to their screens. As long as profit is more important than people, digital life will only grow more destructive. Kate Thomas

Michael Kleeman , senior fellow at the University of California, San Diego and board member at the Institute for the Future, wrote, “The early promise of the Net has been realized, but the financial incentives to use it for harmful purposes, including legal and illegal ones, have proven too attractive. ‘Digital Life’ will continue to erode personal interactions, reduce the diversity of ideas and conversation and contribute to negative health impacts. Other than the use of data analytics we have virtually no proof that wearables, etc., alter health trajectories. We do have evidence of a radical reduction in privacy, increase in criminal activity (as digital means reduce the cost of major financial and personal crimes), reduction of engagement with and caring for the environment as a result of increased interaction with online and digital devices.”

Kate Thomas , a writer/editor based in North America, wrote, “Unfortunately, major social media corporations have discovered that anger and insecurity keep people glued to their screens. As long as profit is more important than people, digital life will only grow more destructive.”

An anonymous professor at one of the world’s leading technological universities who is well-known for several decades of research into human-computer interaction wrote, “Deterioration in privacy; slicing and dicing of identity for sale; identification of individuals as targets for political messaging. I don’t see the institutions growing that will bring this under control. I don’t see corporations taking sufficient responsibility for these issues.”

Sam Punnett , president of FAD Research Inc., said, “Distraction is our most prevalent commodity, paid for with attention span. The society-wide effects of ‘continuous partial attention’ and the tracking, analysis and corruption of the use of data trails are only beginning to be realized.”

Many respondents to this canvassing wrote about their concern that online products are designed to tap into people’s pleasure centers and create a dependence leading to addiction.

Richard Bennett , a creator of the WiFi MAC protocol and modern Ethernet, commented, “Highly-connected nations such as South Korea have had to develop treatment programs for internet addiction. Gamers in particular are subject to this malady, and Korea’s broadband networks make gaming very attractive to socially isolated teens.”

Vicki Davis , an IT director, teacher and podcaster based in North America, said, “Un-savvy consumers don’t realize the addictive nature of the dopamine hits they are getting through the social media sites they use. In an attempt to keep a Snapchat streak going or to perform for the illusion of a growing audience, this generation could easily live a life one inch deep and a mile wide instead of a deeper life with deeper relationships and deeper productivity. The future of society depends upon our ability to educate people who are willing to get out of the zone on their phone and live life in the real world. … Many students I work with seem to show some sort of withdrawal symptoms after just a few hours away from Snapchat or Instagram. The greatest innovations often happen with uninterrupted thought. This interruption generation must learn how to turn off their notifications and find satisfaction in solving problems that aren’t solved in a snap but take years of dedication. Without tenacity, self-control and some modicum of intelligence about the agenda of social media, the interruption generation will miss out on the greatness that could be theirs.”

Robert Stratton , cybersecurity entrepreneur, coach and investor, wrote, “While there may be beneficial uses for this technology … we cannot ignore the question of what happens when addictive technologies are coupled with very plausible but erroneous content, particularly when generated by skilled actors with specific goals. Additionally, there are decentralized, distributed-actor groups with information operations capabilities that I will assert now rival those of nation-states. Things are not what they seem. We now live in an environment where digital audio and video can be generated with modest skill to produce video that is functionally indistinguishable from photography while being essentially wholly specious. Most internet users and virtually all of the news media seem to operating on two errant assumptions: 1) People mean what they write on the internet. 2) People are witting of their roles in events that occur due to their actions. I would respectfully assert that anyone with a basic knowledge of intelligence tradecraft would agree that these are naïve in the modern environment. Additionally, there are now generalized programming APIs that provide the ability to make essentially ANY application or website habituating for its users.”

An anonymous respondent predicted this scenario as a continuation of today’s trends into the next decade: “More and more will seem possible in all aspects of life. People may perceive that their lives are better, but it will be the experience of the lobster in the slowly boiling pot. Digital life will take people’s privacy and influence their opinions. People will be fed news and targeted information that they will believe since they will not access the information needed to make up their own minds. Out of convenience, people will accept limitations of privacy and narrowed information resources. Countries or political entities will be the influencers of certain groups of people. People will be become more divided, more paranoid as they eventually understand that they have no privacy and need to be careful of what they say, even in their own homes. Some people will break free but at the loss of everything they had worked for. The digital divide will become worse, and many will be unable to pay for all the conveniences. To ensure simpler access and control, some political entities may try to make it available to everyone but at a cost of even more privacy. Convenience will be chosen over freedom. Perhaps.”

The massive change in people’s news-finding habits instigated by the rapid adoptions of the smartphone and social media was cited by some as the reason for the destruction of accurate, objective journalism, a foundation of democracy. An anonymous respondent commented, “The addictive nature of social media means the dis-benefits could be profound. Watch a young mother utterly engrossed in her phone and ignoring her small children and you will know what I mean. Humans need real-time, real-life interaction not just social interaction, yet the pull of the phone is overwhelming. More broadly, the platform companies are already destroying the business models of legacy media, and as that continues civic journalism will become thinner, poorer and possibly obsolete. Journalism won’t disappear. It will simply drift back to propaganda.”

A sampling of additional comments related to “digital addiction” from anonymous respondents :

• “Engaging apps and digital experiences are much like addictive substances such as alcohol, tobacco and even sweet foods and sex and there has been little progress in creating a ‘healthy’ consumption model for digital experiences.”
• “Kids and adults alike are prone to go for the quick fix, the easy high or pleasant feeling, but not well armed to understand its impact on their health.”
• “People’s well-being will continue to be affected by the internet because the software, hardware and structures that are already in place are built to do exactly this.”
• “As social networking becomes ‘professional grooming’ as well as providing family/friend updates, the need for multiple platforms (such as LinkedIn and Facebook/Instagram) becomes an assumed need. The amount of time it takes for workers to manage tedious online interactions will lead to an increasing lack of work/life balance.”
• “Behavioral and psychological impacts of digital life will continue to be discovered and will confirm negative trends.”
• “Digital communications and the time they take away from personal interactions are contributing to growing social isolation and eroding interpersonal relationships. This affects individuals’ mental well-being. People everywhere – walking, in their cars, in meetings, etc. – are glued to their cell phones.”
• “Unless we are more aware/careful/media literate, there are a lot of ‘analogue’ behaviours we will jettison that are actually more efficient, positive and valuable.”
• “When human beings are constantly reminding themselves about a selfish bubble they’ve lost touch with the truth.”
• “I fear … social media having us surround ourselves with people who think like we do, entrenching divisions among people.”
• “Engagement in social media takes a lot of time for the individual and gives back small and decreasing jolts of satisfaction for a substantial cost in time.”
• “There is a reason the iPhone was initially called a ‘crack-phone.’ Spending time on websites and apps is a very seductive way to avoid and/or ignore painful and difficult situations. I’ve seen very young children ignored while their caregiver texts, plays games, or surf the Net and can’t help but wonder how this neglect is affecting them. Will these children learn to parent their children in a better way or will they do the same thing?”

Digital distrust/divisiveness : Personal agency will be reduced and emotions such as shock, fear, indignation and outrage will be further weaponized online, driving divisions and doubts

Among the most-expressed fears for well-being in the next decade were those having to do with issues of social isolation, societal distrust and identity and human agency.

Fay Niker , postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University’s Center for Ethics in Society, wrote, “Understanding well-being in terms of human flourishing – which includes among other things the exercise of autonomous agency and the quality of human relationships – it seems to clear to me that the ongoing structuring of our lives by digital technologies will only continue to harm human well-being. This is a psychological claim, as well as a moral one. Unless we are able to regulate our digital environments politically and personally, it is likely that our mental and moral health will be harmed by the agency-undermining, disempowering, individuality-threatening and exploitative effects of the late-capitalistic system marked by the attention-extracting global digital communication firms.”

People spend too much time online, often devouring fake and biased items. They grow hateful of each other rather than closer in understanding. Anonymous respondent

Adam Popescu, a freelance journalist who has written for The New York Times, Bloomberg and other publications wrote, “You see it everywhere. People with their heads down, more comfortable engaging with a miniature world-in-a-box than with the people around them. And you see it while they’re behind the wheel driving, while working and performing dangerous and focus-intensive tasks. Forget emotional happiness and the loss of focus and deep thought and the fact that we’re now more comfortable to choose who we sleep with based on an algorithm than we are based on serendipity, intuition, chance, and the potential for rejection by walking up to someone and saying ‘Hi, my name is …’ The biggest issue with our addiction to smartphones, one none of us talk about openly yet all engage in, is the threat to health and safety. Sure, no one says ‘hi’ anymore when they’re passing by, no one takes a moment to be friendly or reach out, even with just our eyes, because our eyes are no longer at eye-level, they’re down, hiding in our screens. Social media over the past year has been revealed for the ugly wolf-in-sheep’s clothing it is, a monster once draped in the skin of liberty. We see it for what it is. When will we see that it’s not just the programs and toys and apps and sites on our screens that are the problem – but our screens themselves?”

Judith Donath, author of “The Social Machine, Designs for Living Online,” also predicted, “We will see a big increase in the ability of technologies to affect our sense of well-being. The ability to both monitor and manipulate individuals is rapidly increasing. Over the past decade, technologies to track our online behavior were perfected; the next decade will see massively increased surveillance of our off-line behavior. It’s already commonplace for our physical location, heart rate, etc., to be tracked; voice input provides data not only about what we’re saying, but also the affective component of our speech; virtual assistants learn our household habits. The combination of these technologies makes it possible for observers (Amazon, government, Facebook, etc.) to know what we are doing, what is happening around us, and how we react to it all. At the same time, increasingly sophisticated technology for emotion and response manipulation is being developed. This includes devices such as Alexa and other virtual assistants designed to be seen as friends and confidants. Alexa is an Amazon interface – owned and controlled by a giant retailer: she’s designed, ultimately, to encourage you to shop, not to enhance your sense of well-being.”

A number of these experts wrote about their concerns that technology’s evolution would make people suffer a “loss of agency” and control over their world.

Dewayne Hendricks , CEO of Tetherless Access, said, “It is important to consider just how much of digital life is provided/controlled by cyber monopolies. Those entities will have an ever-increasing ability to control/shape the factors that make up that digital life. I see individuals for the most part having less control as time passes.”

John Klensin , Internet Hall of Fame member, longtime Internet Engineering Task Force and Internet Society leader, and an innovator of the Domain Name System administration, said, “I am impressed by the increasing anecdotal and research evidence of people not only using the internet to isolate themselves from others but to select the information they are exposed to in a way that confirms and strengthens their existing, predetermined views. While that behavior is certainly not new, the rapid turnaround and instant responsiveness of the internet and social media appear to be reinforcing it in ways that are ultimately undesirable, a situation that is further reinforced by the substitute of labeling and denunciations for examination and reasoning about facts.”

Rosanna Guadagno , a social psychologist with expertise in social influence, persuasion, and digital communication and researcher at the Peace Innovation Lab at Stanford University, wrote, “In my professional opinion, the current trends in digital communication are alarming and may have a negative long-term impact on human social interaction. It was naive of social media companies fail to consider and prepare for the prospect that their platforms could be misused for large-scale information warfare (e.g., Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election). Furthermore, these companies have shirked their responsibility to their users by failing to protect their customers from cyberwarfare. This has not only interfered with people’s perception of reality and their ability to tell fact from fiction (I’ve actually conducted research demonstrating that information presented on a computer screen is perceived as more persuasive than comparable printed material). This has caused a lot of disinformation to spread online and has fueled myriad divisive online interactions. In addition to these issues, there is quite a bit of evidence mounting that people are spending more and more time alone using digital communication as a proxy for face-to-face interactions and this is increasing loneliness and depression among people, particularly our young adults. These technologies should be designed to promote healthy interactions. One way to accomplish this would be to switch to more interactive options for conversation (e.g., video chat instead of text-based conversation would reduce miscommunications and remind people that there are other people with real thoughts, feelings, and emotions behind the computer screen). It remains to be seen whether any of the promises made by digital technology companies to address these issue will be implemented. As a faculty member, one issue I’ve also commonly noticed is how little time is spent on ethics and psychology as part of the typical software engineering course curriculum. The ethics of software development and the idea that technology should be designed to enhance people’s well-being are both principles that should be stressed as part of any education in software design.”

A sampling of quote excerpts tied to “digital distrust/divisiveness” from anonymous respondents :

• “The dominance of algorithmic decision-making and speed and reach of digital realms have proliferated cultures of misinformation and hatred. We have not yet adjusted to this. It may take a while for the political realm to fully engage with it, and for people to demand tech companies regulate better. I am more optimistic in the long run than I am in the short term.”
• “People spend too much time online, often devouring fake and biased items. They grow hateful of each other rather than closer in understanding. Negative and harmful ideologies now have platforms that can reach much farther.”
• “There will be an increase in isolation, further dependence on technology and an increase in unearned narcissism.”

Digital duress : Information overload + declines in trust and face-to-face skills + poor interface design = rises in stress, anxiety, depression, inactivity and sleeplessness

A swath of respondents argued that as digital life advances it will damage some individuals’ sense of self, their understanding of others and their faith in institutions. They project that as these technologies spread, they will suck up people’s time and attention and some will be overwhelmed to the point that they often operate under duress, in a near-constant state of alert.

Device use will lead to more social alienation, increased depression and less-fit people. Because it’s still relatively new, its dangers are not well understood yet. Anonymous digital strategy director

Larry Rosen , a professor emeritus of psychology at California State University, Dominguez Hills known as an international expert on technology and its impacts on well-being, wrote, “1) We continue to spend more time connecting electronically rather than face-to-face, which lacks essential cues for understanding. 2) We also continue to attempt to multitask even though it harms performance. 3) We insist on using LED-based devices close to our eyes right up to bedtime even though it negatively impacts sleep and our brain’s nightly needs for synaptic rejuvenation harming our ability to retain information.”

Susan Price , lead experience strategist at USAA, commented, “Mental health problems are rising and workplace productivity is falling. The tendency to engage with digital content and people not present instead of people in our immediate presence is growing, and small-screen trance has become an accepted interpersonal norm in the workplace. Culturally-induced attention-deficit behavior has already reached staggering proportions, and is still rising. The mini-serotonin payoffs we get when ‘connecting’ in this way are mildly, insidiously addictive and are squeezing out the more uneven, effortful, problematic real social connections we need for true productivity and intimacy.”

Stowe Boyd , futurist, publisher and editor-in-chief of Work Futures, said, “Well-being and digital life seem so intertangled because of the breakdown between personal and public life … that digital tools have amplified. One significant aspect of public life is our relationship to work. … We need to wake up to the proximate cause of the drive for well-being, which is the trap of overwork and the forced march away from living private lives.”

K.G. Schneider , dean of the university library at Sonoma State University, wrote, “Anonymized discourse, it turns out, is not a civilizing influence, nor is having one’s every thought broadcast in real time the best way for us to interact as humans.”

Jan Schaffer , executive director at J-Lab, wrote, “Overall, people will be more harmed than helped by the way the internet is evolving. People’s trust in basic institutions has been hurt, perhaps irreparably, by conflicting accounts of what is true or not, online. People’s productivity at work has been hampered by the distractions of social media. People’s social and emotional intelligence have been impaired by the displacement of personal interactions with online interactions. “

An anonymous digital strategy director for a major U.S. professional association wrote, “Device use will lead to more social alienation, increased depression and less-fit people. Because it’s still relatively new, its dangers are not well understood yet.”

An anonymous professor wrote, “While there are many positive aspects to a more digitally connected life, I find that it is very difficult to keep up with the volume of spaces where one must go. I spend too much time answering emails, communicating in digital spaces and just trying to keep up. This causes a significant amount of stress and a lack of deliberate, thoughtful approach to information sharing. One cannot keep up with personal and professional email accounts, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and all the rest. Truly, it is just too much.”

A sampling of comments about “digital duress” from anonymous respondents :

• “There is too much connecting to other people’s anxieties and expectations.”
• “We already know there are negative effects for everyone waiting for a ‘like’ or other similar kind of gratification.”
• “I worry about mental illness and increasing social isolation as a result of more time spent with technology.”
• “Increased digitalization is leading to more sedentary lifestyles in a society already plagued with obesity challenges. Social media use has also led to poor communication skills, even in face-to-face settings, people opt to burying their faces into the smartphone screens.”
• “Some people are creating and then trying to live up to fake worlds they build with their phones.”
• “Constant connections to electronic-information feeds causes anxiety and damage to our eyes, brains.”

Digital dangers : The structure of the internet and pace of digital change invite ever-evolving threats to human interaction, security, democracy, jobs, privacy and more

A number of respondents pointed out that digital life opens the door to societal dangers that can affect individuals’ well-being. They say the digital world’s systems – the internet, the web, the smartphone, all networked digital hardware and software – have evolved so rapidly due to their incredible appeal and the economic and social forces driving them forward that there has been little recognition of nor a real reckoning with the wider negatives emerging with the positives.

What we are seeing now becoming reality are the risks and uncertainties that we have allowed to emerge at the fringes of innovation. Anonymous respondent

An anonymous longtime leader of research at one of the top five global technology companies said, “I chose my career believing that technology would improve our lives. Seeing what has happened, I’ve grown pessimistic. Our species has lived for millions of years in small communities – bands, tribes, extended families. We are wired to feel valued and good about ourselves through direct, repeated interactions in such groups. These tight-knit associations are disappearing as our activity moves online. Relationships are replaced by transactions. If we avoid catastrophe, in the long run natural selection will produce a new kind of human being that is adapted for the world we are creating. That individual will not be like most of us. Living through the transition will be painful.”

Aram Sinnreich , an associate professor at American University’s School of Communication, said, “In general, people’s lives will change for the worse over the next decade because of the internet. There are several factors I am taking into account here: 1) The increasing prevalence and power of internet-based surveillance of citizenry by state and commercial actors. 2) The catalyzing power of digital technology in exacerbating the gaps between haves and have-nots. 3) The as-yet-undertheorized and unchecked role of digital disinformation in polluting the democratic process and news dissemination channels. 4) The increasingly savvy and widespread use of the internet by crime syndicates. 5) The increasing vulnerability of our social infrastructure to internet disruption and hacking. 6) The environmental consequences of the internet, recently exemplified by studies analyzing the electrical power consumption that goes into Bitcoin transaction processing. This isn’t to say there aren’t many benefits to the internet, or that its impact won’t net positively over the longer term. But I don’t see any likely benefits outweighing the threats I outlined above over the next decade.”

An anonymous professor based in North America said there is a public perception of well-being – crafted by platform builders and policy (or lack of policy) – while well-being is actually being damaged. This respondent wrote, “People may very well experience an increase in subjective well-being. The techno-social world we’re building is increasingly geared toward engineering happy humans. While a life of cheap bliss, of satiated will, may yield more net well-being measured in terms of subjective happiness, it would at the same time be a rather pitiful life, devoid of many of the meaningful blessings of humanity. Brett Frischmann and Evan Selinger address the questions you’re asking in a 500-page book, ‘ Re-Engineering Humanity ,’ due out in April 2018. One chapter, ‘To What End?’ directly considers the normative values at stake and the issue of what well-being means. Other chapters explain in detail the technological path we’re on and how to evaluate techno-social engineering of humans.”

Bob Frankston , a technologist based in North America, said, “The internet is not a thing but rather a product of the ability to use software to program around limits. It enables the creation of systems of technologies that work in concert. But the benefits will be limited to point solutions as long as we are limited to solutions that are profitable in isolation, until we invest in common infrastructure and have open interfaces.”

Jeremy Blackburn , a computing sciences professor who specializes in the study of the impacts of digital life, wrote, “1) People will continue to be manipulated via targeted (mis/dis)information (sic) from a variety of sources. 2) There will be an increase in online harassment attacks that will be mostly ignored due to their statistical weight (Google/Facebook/Twitter/etc. do not care if 0.1% of their users are attacked, even though the raw numbers are substantial). 3) There will be an increase in extremists and their ability to recruit and radicalize vulnerable individuals. 4) There will be an increase in information silos, eventually resulting in extreme polarization of information acceptance. 5) There will be decreased concern about individual impact in the face of big data and large-scale machine learning (e.g., a 1% increase in revenue due to scale is worth it, even if it means a few people here and there will suffer). This will eventually cascade to large-scale suffering due to network effects. 6) There will be an increase in the acceptance of opinion as fact due to the democratization of information. No one knows if you are a dog on the Internet, and no one cares if you are an expert.”

An anonymous respondent commented, “What we are seeing now becoming reality are the risks and uncertainties that we have allowed to emerge at the fringes of innovation. One is the systemic loss of privacy, which is a precondition for deliberation and a sense of self-determination. Further, we already see how our critical infrastructures – ranging from energy supply to health systems and the internet itself – increasingly are at risk of failing us due to their openness for malicious attacks, but also due to the complexity of interrelated, networked processes. Due to the lack of traceability on the internet, there is no expectation that we will achieve accountability in such situations.”

An anonymous Ph.D. in biostatistics commented, “The culture of anonymity on the Web is scary and seems to allow people to behave in ways they wouldn’t otherwise (see recent news about ‘swatting’ in the online gaming community). Then there is the social media ‘hive’ that allows internet uproar to dictate what happens. There is no room for discourse, grey areas or mistakes. Lives can be ruined by the publicity of a simple mistake (and combined with people sharing home addresses this can also be dangerous).”

An anonymous professor in the United States commented, “My belief is that unless extensive regulation and user education occurs, we will see an increase in negative consequences of online activity such as violations of privacy, dissemination of misinformation, crime and displacement of jobs.”

An anonymous research scientist and internet pioneer commented, “We have reaped great benefit from digital life over the past decades. My answer compares the next decade to the current situation, not to the time prior to the digital life. The negative aspects of the digital life are becoming more pronounced, and I think the next decade will be one of retrenchment and adjustment, while society sorts out how to deal with our perhaps over-optimistic construction of the digital experience.”

A sampling of additional comments about “digital dangers” from anonymous respondents :

• “Election results will remain unverifiable and subject to digital manipulation by political criminals. … Terrorists will recognize more ways to destabilize economic, social, political and environmental systems.”
• “Security/hacking and manipulation online may cause more harm; e.g., the latest Intel bug.”
• “People’s well-being will be hurt unless we figure out the cultural and social and political solutions – and religious and economic ones – to life online. Every medium needs to be tamed. It will take a while for digits to be domesticated.”
• “I fear government and private-sector security measures in ‘protecting’ individuals, and I fear the advancement of AI.”
• “The loss of privacy as data sharing and integration continues will be highly problematic. Government, industry and hackers will all benefit.”
• “We don’t know the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and radiation. It’s not a mainstream idea to protect people from the negative health impacts of radiation.”
• “Technology’s beneficial effects (improved efficiency, access to information) are increasingly being overwhelmed by its negatives – distraction, disconnection from real in favor of virtual interactions, and how anonymity unleashes ugly behaviors such as misogyny, racism and overall nastiness.”
• “Increasing surveillance and social control by corporations and their political representatives will reduce the standard of living and freedom for the majority of the citizens in a world of rapidly changing climate.”

Sign up for our weekly newsletter

Fresh data delivery Saturday mornings

Sign up for The Briefing

Weekly updates on the world of news & information

• Emerging Technology
• Future of the Internet (Project)
• Net Neutrality
• Online Privacy & Security
• Platforms & Services
• Privacy Rights
• Social Media
• Technology Adoption
• Technology Policy Issues

A quarter of U.S. teachers say AI tools do more harm than good in K-12 education

Many americans think generative ai programs should credit the sources they rely on, americans’ use of chatgpt is ticking up, but few trust its election information, q&a: how we used large language models to identify guests on popular podcasts, computer chips in human brains: how americans view the technology amid recent advances, most popular, report materials.

• Main Report PDF
• Bonus Material: More answers from experts about the impact of technology on well-being in the coming years
• Shareable quotes from experts about the future of well-being in a tech-saturated world

1615 L St. NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 USA (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax (+1) 202-419-4372 |  Media Inquiries

Research Topics

• Age & Generations
• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Economy & Work
• Family & Relationships
• Gender & LGBTQ
• Immigration & Migration
• International Affairs
• Internet & Technology
• Methodological Research
• News Habits & Media
• Non-U.S. Governments
• Other Topics
• Politics & Policy
• Race & Ethnicity
• Email Newsletters

ABOUT PEW RESEARCH CENTER  Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of  The Pew Charitable Trusts .

Copyright 2024 Pew Research Center

Essay on the Positive and Negative Effects of Technology

How it works

The advent and evolution of technology have brought about profound changes in society, impacting almost every aspect of modern life. While technology has yielded numerous benefits, it has also introduced several challenges and concerns. This essay explores both the positive and negative effects of technology on various facets of human life.

On the positive side, technology has revolutionized communication, making it easier, faster, and more efficient. With the advent of the internet, social media, and mobile communication, people can connect with others across the globe instantly.

This has facilitated not just personal communication but also broadened the scope for global business and educational opportunities. Additionally, technology has significantly advanced healthcare, leading to improved diagnostics, treatments, and increased life expectancy. The accessibility of information and digital resources has also enhanced education and learning processes, making knowledge more accessible to a wider audience.

Another positive impact of technology is seen in the realm of productivity and efficiency. Automation and digital tools have streamlined various processes in industries, reducing manual labor and enhancing precision. This has led to increased productivity and innovation, contributing to economic growth and development. Moreover, technology has played a critical role in advancing research and development across various fields, leading to groundbreaking discoveries and innovations.

However, the negative effects of technology are equally significant. One of the primary concerns is the impact on mental health and well-being. The overuse of digital devices and social media has been linked to issues like anxiety, depression, and social isolation, especially among younger populations. Additionally, the digital divide and access to technology remain significant challenges, leading to disparities in information access and technological benefits.

Another downside of technology is the threat to privacy and security. With the increasing amount of personal data being shared online, individuals are more susceptible to privacy breaches, identity theft, and cybercrimes. Furthermore, the reliance on technology has led to concerns over job displacement due to automation, raising questions about the future of work and employment stability.

Environmental concerns are also associated with technology. The production and disposal of electronic devices contribute to environmental degradation and e-waste, posing challenges for sustainable development. Additionally, the energy consumption required to power digital infrastructures has implications for global energy resources and climate change.

In conclusion, technology has a dual impact on society, offering numerous benefits in terms of communication, healthcare, education, and productivity, while also presenting challenges related to mental health, privacy, job security, and environmental sustainability. Balancing these positive and negative aspects is crucial for harnessing the potential of technology in a way that benefits society as a whole.

Cite this page

Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology. (2023, Nov 14). Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/

"Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology." PapersOwl.com , 14 Nov 2023, https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/

PapersOwl.com. (2023). Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/ [Accessed: 15 May. 2024]

"Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology." PapersOwl.com, Nov 14, 2023. Accessed May 15, 2024. https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/

"Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology," PapersOwl.com , 14-Nov-2023. [Online]. Available: https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/. [Accessed: 15-May-2024]

PapersOwl.com. (2023). Essay On The Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/essay-on-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-technology/ [Accessed: 15-May-2024]

Don't let plagiarism ruin your grade

Hire a writer to get a unique paper crafted to your needs.

Our writers will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+!

Please check your inbox.

You can order an original essay written according to your instructions.

Trusted by over 1 million students worldwide

1. Tell Us Your Requirements

2. Pick your perfect writer

3. Get Your Paper and Pay

Hi! I'm Amy, your personal assistant!

Don't know where to start? Give me your paper requirements and I connect you to an academic expert.

short deadlines

100% Plagiarism-Free

Certified writers

Home — Essay Samples — Information Science and Technology — Technology — Negative Impact of Technology

Essays on Negative Impact of Technology

Brief description of negative impact of technology, importance of writing essays ... read more brief description of negative impact of technology, importance of writing essays on this topic, tips on choosing a good topic, essay topics, concluding thought, summary of "is google making us stupid" by nicholas carr, how technology has negatively impacted human's interaction, made-to-order essay as fast as you need it.

Each essay is customized to cater to your unique preferences

+ experts online

Negative Effects of Social Media: Relationships and Communication

Dangerous ruler: negative effects of technology on child development, the question of using technology in s classroom, effects of the media on youth, let us write you an essay from scratch.

• 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
• Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

The Positive and Negative Effects of Internet

Impacts of mobile phone, the effects of technology on american youth: rewarding or risky, a deeper look into society and technology, get a personalized essay in under 3 hours.

Expert-written essays crafted with your exact needs in mind

Positive and Negative Effects of Technology on Society

Cell phone addiction and its impact on health, negative effects of technology on adolescents, the harmful effects of video games on young people, tecnology impact: how digital technology has changed the world, technology has taken over society, the impact of screen time on neurological development in children, technology make us more alone, effects of cell phones and social media addiction on society, negative effects of screen time on youth, how technology makes people more alone, negative effects of screen time on children’s development, impact of telemedicine, is google making us stupid: why carr’s argument is not effective, how technology shapes the future of society, an in-depth look at the merits and demerits of technology, analysis of nicolas carr’s article is google making us stupid, cell phone addiction: human interaction at stake, how technology has negatively impacted sports, is google making us stupid: the impact of internet on people, relevant topics.

• Disadvantages of Technology
• Computer Science
• Digital Era
• Artificial Intelligence
• Cyber Security
• Virtual Reality
• Cell Phones

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Bibliography

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

• Instructions Followed To The Letter
• Deadlines Met At Every Stage
• Unique And Plagiarism Free

Essay on Impact of Technology on Society

Students are often asked to write an essay on Impact of Technology on Society in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Impact of Technology on Society

Introduction.

Technology has greatly influenced society. It has changed how we communicate, learn, and even how we live our daily lives.

Communication

Technology, like smartphones and the internet, has made communication faster and easier. We can now talk to people across the world instantly.

In education, technology has made learning more accessible. Online classes and educational apps have made it possible to learn from anywhere.

Everyday Life

In our daily lives, technology helps us do tasks more efficiently. For example, we use GPS for navigation and apps for shopping.

In conclusion, technology has a significant impact on society. It has made our lives easier and more connected.

250 Words Essay on Impact of Technology on Society

The technological revolution has dramatically reshaped society, impacting various sectors such as communication, education, health, and business. The advent of technology has brought about significant changes, both positive and negative, that are reshaping our world.

Positive Impacts

Technology has undeniably improved our lives, providing unprecedented convenience and efficiency. In the realm of communication, digital platforms have bridged geographical gaps, fostering global connectivity and collaboration. In education, e-learning tools have democratized access to knowledge, enabling lifelong learning irrespective of location or socio-economic background. In healthcare, advanced medical technologies have improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.

Negative Impacts

However, the pervasive influence of technology also poses challenges. The digital divide, a disparity in access to technology, exacerbates social inequalities. The over-reliance on technology can lead to sedentary lifestyles, contributing to physical and mental health issues. Moreover, the rise of digital platforms has increased the risk of cybercrimes, privacy breaches, and misinformation, posing threats to personal safety and societal harmony.

In conclusion, the impact of technology on society is multifaceted, bringing both benefits and drawbacks. It is crucial for society to harness the positive potential of technology while mitigating its negative implications. This balance requires thoughtful policy-making, education, and a collective commitment to using technology responsibly and ethically.

500 Words Essay on Impact of Technology on Society

Technology has undoubtedly become an integral part of our daily lives, influencing every sector from communication to health, education to entertainment. The advent of technology has significantly transformed society, shaping the way we interact, learn, work, and live. While the benefits of technology are numerous, it has also raised several concerns that demand careful consideration.

Enhanced Communication and Information Access

One of the most profound impacts of technology on society is the revolution in communication. The emergence of smartphones, social media platforms, and the internet has made communication instantaneous and borderless. Today, we can effortlessly connect with someone on the other side of the world in real-time.

Moreover, the internet has democratized information access. Online resources and digital libraries have made it possible for anyone with internet access to learn almost anything. This has significantly reduced the barriers to education and knowledge, fostering a global culture of continuous learning.

Technology and Work

The way we work has been radically transformed by technology. Automation and artificial intelligence have replaced many traditional jobs, leading to fears of job loss. However, they have also created new roles that didn’t exist before, such as data analysts, AI specialists, and digital marketers.

Moreover, technology has facilitated remote work, allowing people to work from anywhere, thereby promoting work-life balance. However, this also blurs the line between work and personal life, leading to potential burnout.

Healthcare Advancements

Technology has revolutionized healthcare, leading to improved patient care and health outcomes. Innovations like telemedicine, electronic health records, and wearable health devices have made healthcare more accessible and personalized. However, these advancements also raise concerns about data privacy and security.

Social Implications

Technology has significantly influenced our social interactions. On the one hand, it has enabled us to stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are. On the other hand, excessive use of technology can lead to isolation and mental health issues.

Moreover, the rise of fake news and cyberbullying on social media platforms is a growing concern, highlighting the need for digital literacy and ethical tech usage.

Environmental Impact

Technology also plays a crucial role in addressing environmental challenges. Innovations like renewable energy technologies, precision agriculture, and digital twins are helping us combat climate change and promote sustainable development. However, the production and disposal of electronic waste also pose significant environmental threats.

In conclusion, the impact of technology on society is multifaceted, bringing both opportunities and challenges. As we continue to innovate and evolve, it is crucial to foster a culture of responsible technology use, ensuring that technological advancements contribute to societal well-being and sustainable development.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on How Technology Changed Our Lives
• Essay on Benefits of Modern Technology
• Essay on Pros and Cons of Technology

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

One Comment

Thank you so much this helped a lot for my essay writing I got the idea on how I’m gonna write my essay.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Technology and Its Effect on Society Cause and Effect Essay

Introduction, technology has influenced human culture, interactions and cultural exchange, improved way of living.

The world today is experiencing the fastest growth in the technology industry it has ever seen, and this advancement is coming with its own merits and demerits. This technological progress has influenced the co-existence of humans and their environment.

Technology does transform people’s way of living by either improving their lives or by further ruining their existence. It also can introduce new cultures in the world, as well as threaten others’ existence. This essay sets out to support the fact that technology has had a great impact on human culture as well as people’s interactions and improved the way of living worldwide.

Technology is part of our culture. It has become part of human life, making it quite challenging and to some extent, impossible to live without it. It is the reason why we have the significant difference between the rich and the poor as well as those who are educated and those who are not. The current technology in communication has greatly influenced the world. Today people can communicate from very far distances using their mobile phones.

Information can be transmitted through the Internet within seconds, hence contributing to the development of a well-informed society. For example, the internet and mobile technologies have played a pivotal role in my learning process. Through these channels, I have been able to gather pertinent information from other scholars and peers regarding various issues covered in my classes.

Technology has enhanced cultural exportation and importation as well. Through such media as press, TV and the Internet, different cultures around the world have had a platform to display their cultural uniqueness. Due to this, other people around the world learn about different cultures, and consequently, this leads to cultural exchange.

Cultural transference conducted through various communication channels has enabled me to understand different cultural aspects, which facilitate my communicative and interactive efforts whenever I interact with people from different cultural backgrounds.

The mobile phones have quickly transformed the way people interact. Today there are more opportunities for people to stay in touch and be connected as compared to the past centuries, when only the landline technology was available. Over the phone, one can communicate with people from other continents. In addition, the mobile phone has also enabled people to send and receive money through their phones.

Social networks, such as Tweeter and Facebook, which have greatly changed and improved the way of life, can be accessed through mobile devices. As a result, people can organize events and advertise through the social media. For example, I have been using my mobile phone to schedule group discussions, contact friends and family and do urgent research whenever needed.

Such mobile platforms have led to the development of a new communication culture such as texting and tweeting, which is efficient, fast and convenient for people with busy schedules.

Technology has greatly influenced our society. There have been more cultural interactions in the recent days as compared to the past due to technological advancements. Technology has with no doubts improved our living standards as well as introduced new cultures from different parts of the world. Social interactions have diversified our society into a multicultural one. This essay has clearly supported the argument that technology has greatly influenced human culture and interaction and globally improved the way of living.

• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2018, June 18). Technology and Its Effect on Society. https://ivypanda.com/essays/technology-and-its-effect-on-society/

"Technology and Its Effect on Society." IvyPanda , 18 June 2018, ivypanda.com/essays/technology-and-its-effect-on-society/.

IvyPanda . (2018) 'Technology and Its Effect on Society'. 18 June.

IvyPanda . 2018. "Technology and Its Effect on Society." June 18, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/technology-and-its-effect-on-society/.

1. IvyPanda . "Technology and Its Effect on Society." June 18, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/technology-and-its-effect-on-society/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Technology and Its Effect on Society." June 18, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/technology-and-its-effect-on-society/.

• Pros and Cons of Mobile Phones
• The negative effects of mobile phones on social interaction and personal wellbeing
• Impact of Technology on Communication Essay
• Essay on Social Class Inequality & Discrimination
• Influence of Political, Social, and Cultural Issues
• They’ve Got to Be Carefully Taught by Susan Konig
• Does Possession of Knowledge Carry an Ethical Responsibility?
• Race, Gender and Sexuality

• Entertainment
• Environment
• Information Science and Technology
• Social Issues

Home Essay Samples Information Science and Technology Negative Impact of Technology

Negative Impact Of Technology On Modern Society

*minimum deadline

Cite this Essay

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below

• Children and Technology
• Graphic Design
• Cloud Computing
• Self Driving Cars
• World Wide Web

Related Essays

Need writing help?

You can always rely on us no matter what type of paper you need

*No hidden charges

100% Unique Essays

Absolutely Confidential

Money Back Guarantee

By clicking “Send Essay”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. We will occasionally send you account related emails

You can also get a UNIQUE essay on this or any other topic

Thank you! We’ll contact you as soon as possible.