buffalo university college essay

What are your chances of acceptance?

Calculate for all schools, your chance of acceptance.

Your chancing factors

Extracurriculars.

How to Write the University at Buffalo Honors Essay 2023-2024

The State University of New York at Buffalo (University at Buffalo) is a public university located in Buffalo, New York. It boasts a large, suburban campus and consistently ranks in the top 100 national universities. 

When it comes to admissions, UB is moderately competitive. While there’s no supplement for all applicants, there is one for the Honors College. Here’s how to write a standout response to their prompt.

Want to know your chances at UB? Calculate your chances for free right now . 

UB Honors Supplemental Essay Prompt

Ub honors scholars are characterized by intellectual curiosity, a broad range of interests, and a commitment to a diverse and inclusive society. what experiences have helped to broaden your perspectives academically, socially and culturally what experiences do you hope to have that will enlarge your understanding of the cultural richness of america and the world please be as specific as possible in your answer. (650 words), understanding the prompt.

This prompt allows the admissions committee to get a sense of your values–and what you will contribute to the UB community. A prompt like this has no one “right answer”; your aim should be to find detailed, compelling examples that show : 

• Your understanding and appreciation of intellectual curiosity, diversity, and inclusivity
• What you will contribute to the UB Honors college community’s intellectually curious, diverse, and inclusive community

This means that the only “wrong” answer would be one that shows a lack of understanding of the values that the UB Honors College expressly prioritizes.

With this in mind, let’s take a minute to understand what each of these values means:

1. Intellectual curiosity

Most basically, intellectual curiosity means a desire to ask and answer questions—to learn. “Intellectual curiosity” is a broad enough term that it can fit many different kinds of people. For example:

• You can be intellectually curious by always having questions about everything you encounter in the world around you. Maybe you’re the person who is always eager to ask “why,” whether at a theater performance or in biology class.
• Or you can be intellectually curious by being passionate about a particular set of issues or questions. Maybe you care deeply about how humans can improve the standard of living of the poorest among us, and you are passionate about asking questions in many disciplines—economics, politics, agricultural sciences, sociology—to begin to solve this problem.

2. A broad range of interests

Though many programs encourage specialization (academically and professionally), the UB Honors College is not one such program. The honors college sees itself as a small liberal arts college within the large UB university. A liberal arts education fundamentally is centered on the idea of giving students a varied educational experience, exposing them to different areas of knowledge and inquiry. “A broad range of interests” does not have to mean that you’re interested in everything; it should, however, involve interests that go beyond one set professional or academic path. Consider these two cases:

• Narrow interests: Imagine that you are passionate about math and want to take as many math courses as possible and do as many math-related activities as possible, with the long-term goal of being an academic mathematician. If this is the case, you might not be a good fit for the Honors Program’s “broad range of interests.”
• Broad interests: Imagine that you are passionate about math (and plan to become a mathematician) but also want to understand history, economics, and the arts in order to be a more informed citizen. If you have these interests—and, ideally, a track record of participating in and exploring these non-math areas—then you might be a great fit for the Honors Program.

3. A diverse and inclusive society 

Diversity and inclusivity have become buzzwords; we all think that we know what they mean—and, to an extent, your understanding of these terms is probably right. Fundamentally, diversity and inclusivity have to do with valuing and celebrating the different backgrounds, perspectives, and experiences that come with being part of a multicultural, multi-religious, multiethnic society. Inclusivity places particular emphasis on finding ways to draw in and celebrate those who have historically been excluded from or oppressed by society. 

However, keep in mind that diversity and inclusivity can also have to do with:

• Economic diversity: Including students from different economic backgrounds in an intellectual community.
• Intellectual diversity: Including students with varied political or ideological beliefs in an intellectual community. 
• Geographic diversity within the US: Though international students provide the most vibrant and obvious diversity at many US Universities, students from under-represented areas of the US can also contribute to a school’s diversity. 

Choosing Past Experiences to Write About

The key part of the prompt asks: 

What experiences have helped to broaden your perspectives academically, socially and culturally? 

In an essay like this, it can be tempting to go for quantity over quantity—if you have many experiences that seem to fit the prompt, including as many of them as possible can seem like the right way to go. However, the strongest responses to a prompt like this will focus on just one or two (three at the most) related experience to weave a detailed, compelling picture of how your values fit with those of UB.

When writing about your experiences, your aim should be to show not tell . This means picking specific “moments” from each experience to bring the experience to life. Here’s a mini example:

Telling: During my exchange trip to Italy, I spent as much time as I could talking with the locals and learning about their cultural practices. 

Note that this is a very general summary of the writer’s experience; vivid details do not shine through, and the reader does not get much of a sense of what the writer saw, felt, or did. 

Showing: One morning, I looked up from my customary espresso to find a friendly, wrinkled face across the table from me. My new friend, patient with my imperfect Italian comprehension, told me stories about her farm where she had lived as a child, before poor economic conditions forced her family to sell their land and move to the city.

This little anecdote puts the reader “in the moment”; it clearly conveys that the writer spoke with locals and learned their stories, but it does so through one engaging story, rather than through general summary.

With this point in mind (about “showing not telling”), consider these examples of experiences someone might write about. They demonstrate the variety of experiences that could fit this part of the essay prompt:

A student who did an exchange trip to Japan and also worked at a Mexican restaurant could write about these two very different experiences. 

• The student could pick a “moment” from their experience in Japan that shows how they encountered different academic and social norms in Japan.
• Then, they could describe different specific aspects of their work in a Mexican restaurant, showing what they learned about food and culture. 
• Zooming out, the student could give examples of how these experiences have helped them connect with those who are different from them in their daily life. 

A student whose parents got divorced while she was in middle school could write about this experience and about how, around the same time, she began volunteering at a nursing home in her community. 

• Using vivid, detailed “moments” (for example, a specific moment when she could not focus), the student could explain how her parents’ divorce was socially and academically difficult for her, since it distracted her from friends and school. 
• Then, she could show how this experience motivated her to develop specific new study habits and social skills, and to volunteer at the local nursing home. 
• Next, the student could describe how this volunteering experience exposed her to elderly people of varied cultural and economic backgrounds, allowing her to put aside her own personal turmoil and focus on listening and learning. The writer could pick one or two specific friends from the nursing home to write about in detail.

Choosing Future Experience to Write About

The second part of the prompt asks:

What experiences do you hope to have that will enlarge your understanding of the cultural richness of America and the world? 

This is what we call a “forward-looking” question. By asking both this question and one about your past experiences, the admissions committee is trying to understand not only who you are now, but how your past experiences have shaped your future goals. 

This part of the prompt is a key place to pivot to think specifically about the Honors College and your goals for college. In other words, college is a great time to enlarge your understanding of the country or world’s cultural richness. Here, your goal should be to still stay specific and to create continuity between the past- and forward-looking parts of your essay. 

What to Avoid

Writing about very vague or generic experiences (meeting other students, talking with your peers)

Engaging with other students in college is a critical and fruitful part of the college experience; however, you should do your best to identify a forum for engagement that will show the specificity and sincerity of your hopes. This could mean extracurriculars, discussion groups, or even just shared, informal activities like cooking or game nights.

Writing about the exact same experiences that you’ve already had

If you’ve done an exchange in Japan in high school, writing that you want to go back through a similar program in college will likely not show growth or a desire to push your understanding further.

However, you could instead write about how you want to pursue an internship in Japan or go there for research or another experience that is meaningfully different (presumably more in-depth) than the experiences you’ve already had.

Writing about experiences just because they seem “impressive”

Many college applicants feel pressure to express interest in activities that are competitive or come with high prestige. However, a prompt like this one is all about understanding your values and how you connect with other people. This means your priority should be authenticity. 

For example, you have not demonstrated any interest in Model UN or international relations more generally, it would not feel cohesive if you wrote about how you plan to broaden your cultural perspective by joining Model UN in college (unless you are able to come up with a compelling, personal reason for branching out into this entirely new field). 

Aside from these common pitfalls, there is, again, no one “right” way to answer this prompt. However, here are two ways that the examples above could answer the second question in the prompt:

• The student who wrote about his experiences in Japan and working in a Mexican restaurant could write about how he hopes to get involved in the UB Honors College’s international cafe, which exposes students to food and practice from different cultures. 
• He could also write about how he hopes to travel back to Japan to learn more about Japanese culinary traditions, which were not his focus during his first (academically-focused) visit.
• The student who wrote about her parents’ divorce and her work in a nursing home could write about how she hopes to study different models for caring for the aging in different cultures.
• The writer could explain how her experiences have showed her that how a society treats its oldest citizens offers key insight into social and cultural values and norms. 
• She could cite specific UB courses and resources opportunities that would allow her to study this topic, such as the Gerontology minor, which focuses on the study of aging.

Where to Get Your UB Essay Edited

Do you want feedback on your UB essay? After rereading your essays countless times, it can be difficult to evaluate your writing objectively. That’s why we created our free Peer Essay Review tool , where you can get a free review of your essay from another student. You can also improve your own writing skills by reviewing other students’ essays. 

If you want a college admissions expert to review your essay, advisors on CollegeVine have helped students refine their writing and submit successful applications to top schools.  Find the right advisor for you  to improve your chances of getting into your dream school!

Related CollegeVine Blog Posts

• UB Directory
• School of Social Work >
• Admissions >
• Application Requirements >
• MSW Application Process >

Application Essay Guidelines

Your personal statement essay is an important component of your application. The essay must include critically reflective responses to the below four (or five, if applicable) questions. 

Required Essay Questions

• Briefly, yet critically, discuss a social issue or problem that is important to you and motivates your decision to pursue an MSW degree.
• A key part of the UB School of Social Work’s mission is promoting social justice as one of the six core social work values outlined in the Code of Ethics. Please discuss how your lived experience has contributed to your understanding of social justice. In your response, you may include how race or other factors have impacted your life, whether through discrimination, inspiration or otherwise.
• Tell us why you are pursuing the profession of social work at this time, and why the UB School of Social Work's MSW degree program is a good match for you.
• What personal skills and knowledge, and/or professional and academic experiences have prepared you for a graduate level social work degree program?
• Undergraduate GPA below 3.0; 
• Low or failing grades (for example, D, F, U); 
• Been on academic probation; 
• Dismissed from, or denied readmission to any college or department major,

Please explain the issue(s) and  be specific  as to how you have addressed it and your readiness to move into graduate level study.

Formatting your Essay

• DO NOT use a question and answer format. Write a full essay answering ALL questions above.
• Questions may be answered in any order to fit the narrative of your essay. 
• Your essay should be double spaced, in 12-point font. 
• Please keep your answers to the first four questions to no more than 7 pages double-spaced.  

Question 2 is optional for spring 2024 applicants.  All current questions are required for applicants for summer and fall 2024 and beyond. 

(updated tips video coming soon)

Contact Us | Applicant Status Page

How to Apply as a First-Year Student (Freshman)

• First-Year Student (Freshman) Admission Criteria
• Important Dates
• Special Requirements for Certain Majors
• Early Assurance Program
• AP, IB, Other Credit
• Educational Opportunity Program (EOP)
• Applying FAQ

Related Links

• International Undergraduate Admissions
• International Student Services

Apply for fall 2024 today!

Apply Online

Please complete and submit only one of the applications below. A $50 nonrefundable fee is required with each option. Please note: Veterans and spouses of veterans will have their application fee waived.

When to Apply

• Early Action application deadline: Nov. 15
• Scholarship Consideration application completion deadline: Dec. 8
• Regular Decision application deadline: Feb. 1 Students can continue to submit an application for fall consideration until capacity is reached.

Before You Apply

Understand how to select ub on your application..

Please be aware that the Common Application and the SUNY Application list two SUNY Buffalo institutions. Make sure you select the University at Buffalo when you complete your forms, or your application might go to the wrong school.

• On the SUNY Application, select “Buffalo, University at.”
• On the Common Application, select “University at Buffalo (SUNY).”

Request your high school transcript.

UB requires your high school transcript or completion of your Self-Reported Academic Record (SRAR). To complete your SRAR, follow the link in your UB Applicant Status Page.

Ask for a letter of recommendation.

UB strongly recommends one letter of recommendation from a school counselor, teacher, community member or employer. While only one is recommended, you may choose to submit up to three.

SAT and ACT Information

UB is test optional and supports SUNY's decision to make the submission of SAT and ACT test scores optional for undergraduate admissions consideration. Students can share their scores as part of their application if they choose by selecting this option on their application. If submitting scores, SAT or ACT standardized test scores must be submitted directly from the testing agency. UB’s SAT code is 2925. The ACT code is 2978. UB welcomes students from all backgrounds, and every application goes through the same holistic review process.

Early Action Option

Our Early Action option is designed for students who have identified UB as their intended college choice. The deadline for Early Action applications is Nov. 15. Early Action plans are nonbinding; candidates will receive an early response to their application, but they do not have to commit to the university until the extended enrollment/tuition deposit deadline of May 15.

After You Apply

We will send you an email with a unique link to your Applicant Status Page, where you can monitor your application status. You are strongly encouraged to check this page regularly for updates about your application.

Last updated: February 16, 2024 3:32 pm EST

About Our Photos and Videos: Some photos or videos that appear on this site may have been taken prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore may not accurately reflect current operations or adherence to UB’s Health and Safety Guidelines.

The University at Buffalo is committed to ensuring equal access to its programs and activities. View UB’s entire notice of non-discrimination. »

© 2024 University at Buffalo . All rights reserved. | Privacy | Accessibility | Site Map | Admissions A to Z

You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser or activate Google Chrome Frame to improve your experience.

University at Buffalo (UB) Requirements for Admission

Choose your test.

What are University at Buffalo (UB)'s admission requirements? While there are a lot of pieces that go into a college application, you should focus on only a few critical things:

• GPA requirements
• Testing requirements, including SAT and ACT requirements
• Application requirements

In this guide we'll cover what you need to get into University at Buffalo (UB) and build a strong application.

School location: Buffalo, NY

This school is also known as: University at Buffalo

Admissions Rate: 67.7%

If you want to get in, the first thing to look at is the acceptance rate. This tells you how competitive the school is and how serious their requirements are.

The acceptance rate at University at Buffalo (UB) is 67.7% . For every 100 applicants, 68 are admitted.

This means the school is moderately selective . The school expects you to meet their requirements for GPA and SAT/ACT scores, but they're more flexible than other schools. If you exceed their requirements, you have an excellent chance of getting in. But if you don't, you might be one of the unlucky minority that gets a rejection letter.

We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies . We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools , from state colleges to the Ivy League.

We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools.

Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

University at Buffalo (UB) GPA Requirements

Many schools specify a minimum GPA requirement, but this is often just the bare minimum to submit an application without immediately getting rejected.

The GPA requirement that really matters is the GPA you need for a real chance of getting in. For this, we look at the school's average GPA for its current students.

Average GPA: 3.8

The average GPA at University at Buffalo (UB) is 3.8 .

(Most schools use a weighted GPA out of 4.0, though some report an unweighted GPA.

With a GPA of 3.8, University at Buffalo (UB) requires you to be near the top of your class , and well above average. Your transcript should show mostly A's. Ideally, you will also have taken several AP or IB classes to show that you can handle academics at a college level.

If you're currently a junior or senior, your GPA is hard to change in time for college applications. If your GPA is at or below the school average of 3.8, you'll need a higher SAT or ACT score to compensate . This will help you compete effectively against other applicants who have higher GPAs than you.

SAT and ACT Requirements

Each school has different requirements for standardized testing. Only a few schools require the SAT or ACT, but many consider your scores if you choose to submit them.

University at Buffalo (UB) hasn't explicitly named a policy on SAT/ACT requirements, but because it's published average SAT or ACT scores (we'll cover this next), it's likely test flexible. Typically, these schools say, "if you feel your SAT or ACT score represents you well as a student, submit them. Otherwise, don't."

Despite this policy, the truth is that most students still take the SAT or ACT, and most applicants to University at Buffalo (UB) will submit their scores. If you don't submit scores, you'll have one fewer dimension to show that you're worthy of being admitted, compared to other students. We therefore recommend that you consider taking the SAT or ACT, and doing well.

University at Buffalo (UB) SAT Requirements

Many schools say they have no SAT score cutoff, but the truth is that there is a hidden SAT requirement. This is based on the school's average score.

Average SAT: 1245

The average SAT score composite at University at Buffalo (UB) is a 1245 on the 1600 SAT scale.

This score makes University at Buffalo (UB) Competitive for SAT test scores.

University at Buffalo (UB) SAT Score Analysis (New 1600 SAT)

The 25th percentile SAT score is 1160, and the 75th percentile SAT score is 1330. In other words, a 1160 on the SAT places you below average, while a 1330 will move you up to above average .

Here's the breakdown of SAT scores by section:

SAT Score Choice Policy

The Score Choice policy at your school is an important part of your testing strategy.

University at Buffalo (UB) ACT Requirements

Just like for the SAT, University at Buffalo (UB) likely doesn't have a hard ACT cutoff, but if you score too low, your application will get tossed in the trash.

Average ACT: 28

The average ACT score at University at Buffalo (UB) is 28. This score makes University at Buffalo (UB) Moderately Competitive for ACT scores.

The 25th percentile ACT score is 25, and the 75th percentile ACT score is 32.

Even though University at Buffalo (UB) likely says they have no minimum ACT requirement, if you apply with a 25 or below, you'll have a harder time getting in, unless you have something else impressive in your application.

ACT Score Sending Policy

If you're taking the ACT as opposed to the SAT, you have a huge advantage in how you send scores, and this dramatically affects your testing strategy.

Here it is: when you send ACT scores to colleges, you have absolute control over which tests you send. You could take 10 tests, and only send your highest one. This is unlike the SAT, where many schools require you to send all your tests ever taken.

This means that you have more chances than you think to improve your ACT score. To try to aim for the school's ACT requirement of 28 and above, you should try to take the ACT as many times as you can. When you have the final score that you're happy with, you can then send only that score to all your schools.

ACT Superscore Policy

By and large, most colleges do not superscore the ACT. (Superscore means that the school takes your best section scores from all the test dates you submit, and then combines them into the best possible composite score). Thus, most schools will just take your highest ACT score from a single sitting.

We weren't able to find the school's exact ACT policy, which most likely means that it does not Superscore. Regardless, you can choose your single best ACT score to send in to University at Buffalo (UB), so you should prep until you reach our recommended target ACT score of 28.

Download our free guide on the top 5 strategies you must be using to improve your score. This guide was written by Harvard graduates and ACT perfect scorers. If you apply the strategies in this guide, you'll study smarter and make huge score improvements.

SAT/ACT Writing Section Requirements

Currently, only the ACT has an optional essay section that all students can take. The SAT used to also have an optional Essay section, but since June 2021, this has been discontinued unless you are taking the test as part of school-day testing in a few states. Because of this, no school requires the SAT Essay or ACT Writing section, but some schools do recommend certain students submit their results if they have them.

University at Buffalo (UB) considers the SAT Essay/ACT Writing section optional and may not include it as part of their admissions consideration. You don't need to worry too much about Writing for this school, but other schools you're applying to may require it.

Final Admissions Verdict

Because this school is moderately selective, strong academic performance will almost guarantee you admission . Scoring a 1330 SAT or a 32 ACT or above will nearly guarantee you admission. Because the school admits 67.7% of all applicants, being far above average raises the admission rate for you to nearly 100%.

If you can achieve a high SAT/ACT score, the rest of your application essentially doesn't matter. You still need to meet the rest of the application requirements, and your GPA shouldn't be too far off from the school average of 3.8. But you won't need dazzling extracurriculars and breathtaking letters of recommendation to get in. You can get in based on the merits of your score alone.

But if your score is a 1160 SAT or a 25 ACT and below, you have a good chance of being one of the unlucky few to be rejected.

Admissions Calculator

Here's our custom admissions calculator. Plug in your numbers to see what your chances of getting in are. Pick your test: SAT ACT

• 80-100%: Safety school: Strong chance of getting in
• 50-80%: More likely than not getting in
• 20-50%: Lower but still good chance of getting in
• 5-20%: Reach school: Unlikely to get in, but still have a shot
• 0-5%: Hard reach school: Very difficult to get in

How would your chances improve with a better score?

Take your current SAT score and add 160 points (or take your ACT score and add 4 points) to the calculator above. See how much your chances improve?

At PrepScholar, we've created the leading online SAT/ACT prep program . We guarantee an improvement of 160 SAT points or 4 ACT points on your score, or your money back.

Here's a summary of why we're so much more effective than other prep programs:

• PrepScholar customizes your prep to your strengths and weaknesses . You don't waste time working on areas you already know, so you get more results in less time.
• We guide you through your program step-by-step so that you're never confused about what you should be studying. Focus all your time learning, not worrying about what to learn.
• Our team is made of national SAT/ACT experts . PrepScholar's founders are Harvard graduates and SAT perfect scorers . You'll be studying using the strategies that actually worked for them.
• We've gotten tremendous results with thousands of students across the country. Read about our score results and reviews from our happy customers .

There's a lot more to PrepScholar that makes it the best SAT/ACT prep program. Click to learn more about our program , or sign up for our 5-day free trial to check out PrepScholar for yourself:

Application Requirements

Every school requires an application with the bare essentials - high school transcript and GPA, application form, and other core information. Many schools, as explained above, also require SAT and ACT scores, as well as letters of recommendation, application essays, and interviews. We'll cover the exact requirements of University at Buffalo (UB) here.

Application Requirements Overview

• Common Application Accepted
• Electronic Application Available
• Essay or Personal Statement Required for all freshmen
• Letters of Recommendation 1
• Interview Not required
• Application Fee $50
• Fee Waiver Available? Available
• Other Notes Portfolio for architecture; audition for dance, music theatre, theatre and music recommended for some freshmen

Testing Requirements

• SAT or ACT Considered if submitted
• SAT Essay or ACT Writing Optional
• SAT Subject Tests
• Scores Due in Office None

Coursework Requirements

• Subject Required Years
• Foreign Language
• Social Studies

Deadlines and Early Admissions

• Offered? Deadline Notification
• Yes February 1 February 1
• Yes November 15 November 19

Admissions Office Information

• Address: 12 Buffalo, NY 14260
• Phone: (716) 645-2000 x2000
• Fax: (716) 645-6411
• Email: [email protected]

Other Schools For You

If you're interested in University at Buffalo (UB), you'll probably be interested in these schools as well. We've divided them into 3 categories depending on how hard they are to get into, relative to University at Buffalo (UB).

Reach Schools: Harder to Get Into

These schools are have higher average SAT scores than University at Buffalo (UB). If you improve your SAT score, you'll be competitive for these schools.

Same Level: Equally Hard to Get Into

If you're competitive for University at Buffalo (UB), these schools will offer you a similar chance of admission.

Safety Schools: Easier to Get Into

If you're currently competitive for University at Buffalo (UB), you should have no problem getting into these schools. If University at Buffalo (UB) is currently out of your reach, you might already be competitive for these schools.

Data on this page is sourced from Peterson's Databases © 2023 (Peterson's LLC. All rights reserved.) as well as additional publicly available sources.

If You Liked Our Advice...

Our experts have written hundreds of useful articles on improving your SAT score and getting into college. You'll definitely find something useful here.

Subscribe to our newsletter to get FREE strategies and guides sent to your email. Learn how to ace the SAT with exclusive tips and insights that we share with our private newsletter subscribers.

You should definitely follow us on social media . You'll get updates on our latest articles right on your feed. Follow us on all of our social networks:

A world-class university with worldwide impact

The University at Buffalo, New York State’s flagship, is consistently recognized as one of the world's most exceptional, most affordable universities, making it a top choice for students and faculty around the globe.

• 5/16/24 Quick Facts About UB
• A Year in Pictures 📸
• 11/6/23 Diverse and Inclusive
• 5/9/24 Our Leadership
• 3/11/24 Our Campuses
• 9/21/23 Buffalo Niagara: Our Hometown
• 4/24/24 UB's Strategic Plan
• 10/17/23 Boldly Buffalo: The Campaign for UB
• 11/11/22 Resources for the WNY Community

Exceptional opportunities for extraordinary people (like you)

More choices. More challenges. More life-changing experiences. At UB, you'll find 500+ programs, world-renowned faculty and a diverse environment that prepares you for anything.

• 5/15/24 Superior Academics
• 5/12/23 Schools and Colleges
• 8/16/23 Degree Programs
• Study Abroad
• 1/8/24 Experiential Learning Opportunities
• Here to Career Initiative
• 5/10/24 Graduate Programs
• Undergraduate Catalog and Courses
• Class Schedule

Join our community of tenacious problem solvers

As a top 40 public research university, UB is a place where you’ll make a real difference. Here, you can follow your passion, apply your knowledge and collaborate with other top minds to tackle the world's most complex challenges.

• 5/15/24 Research and Economic Development Gateway
• 5/17/24 Research News
• 4/30/24 Podcast: Driven to Discover
• 3/1/24 Major research centers, institutes, and initiatives
• 3/7/24 Our cutting-edge facilities

Resources for:

• Researchers Get resources, services, and support for your research
• Information for Students Find research opportunities throughout UB
• Business and Entrepreneurs Connect with UB to grow or start your business
• Industry Partners Locate UB equipment, facilities and labs available for use
• The Community Learn how to participate in clinical trials at UB
• Entrepreneurially Minded Students, Faculty, Clinicians, and Researchers Explore UB's Innovation Hub to move your ideas from the lab, classroom, or clinic to the marketplace

You belong here!

Join one of our 400+ clubs. Go to a Division I basketball game. Kayak across our on-campus lake. There's always something to do at UB, and new friends to do it with. Share your True Blue pride with us every day, and wear your blue on Fridays!

• 12/1/23 Your Life at #UBuffalo
• 1/16/24 Students share their journeys 🎥
• 4/26/24 Where To Live
• Where To Eat

• Calendar of Events
• 9/21/23 Explore Buffalo Niagara

• 5/14/24 How True Blue Are You?
• 3/4/24 Student Clubs and Organizations
• 5/13/24 Find it in the Student Guide
• 5/13/24 Student Guide
• 12/21/22 Digital Backgrounds

Your journey begins here

Every success story has a starting point. This is yours. Take your first step toward an education that will put your grandest ambitions within reach.

• Undergraduate Admissions
• 1/27/24 International Undergraduate Admissions
• 10/24/22 Graduate Admissions
• 3/25/24 Summer Sessions
• 1/5/24 Winter Sessions

Due to Department of Education changes in the 2024 Free Application for Federal Student Aid, the University at Buffalo has extended the enrollment and tuition deposit deadline to May 15, 2024, and the housing application deadline has been extended to May 24, 2024. Learn more about your steps to enroll .

• Transfer to UB
• Make Your Deposit

New York’s Flagship University

See more stories of UB’s impact

Andrew BS ’13

Sirawar BS ’21, DPT ’24

William Student

Dheeraj Roy Faculty, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

Za’Asia BA ’22

# 36 public university in U.S.

1 st SUNY invited to join AAU

500 + degree programs

# 2 in U.S. for climate action

12:1 student/faculty ratio

Explore Your Options

Browse schools & colleges

Browse programs

Come see what it means to be True Blue

research news

Instrument Machine Shop makes research, discovery possible

College of Arts and Sciences Instrument Machine Shop staff (from left) Thomas Brachmann, Kevin Cullinan and Gary Nottingham plan, design, fabricate and repair the precision devices UB scientists need to conduct their research. Photo: Douglas Levere

By JACKIE HAUSLER

Published May 13, 2024

As members of an R1 research institution, UB’s faculty, staff and students are determined to solve the world’s most complex problems. But who’s behind the curtain making the mechanics of these research discoveries and innovations possible?

Meet Thomas Brachmann, Kevin Cullinan and Gary Nottingham, the team in the College of Arts and Sciences’ Instrument Machine Shop. With more than 90 years of combined machining experience, these staff members tirelessly plan, design, fabricate and repair precision devices from start to finish.

They are the quintessential “jack of all trades” using the shop’s lathes, mills, saws, welding equipment and a complete woodworking shop on the first floor of Fronczak Hall to get their jobs done. And when the tools they need for a specific task don’t exist, they make them. Whether it’s custom fabrication of a thread for a machine, or outsmarting the computerized settings to optimize the outcome, they can do it all. 

“Every single day the work is rewarding, and we never ever stop learning,” says Cullinan, instructional support technician in the Instrument Machine Shop. “When faculty come into the shop and explain their complex research to us, we work together to solve the other half — the mechanics of what they want — to help their vision come to life and build things accordingly.”

The team’s modesty competes with its workmanship. Not only are they extraordinary mechanics and technicians, but they are also expert communicators. The team has the experience to know the right questions to ask, be acute listeners and communicate plans effectively so everyone is on the same page with the extraordinarily precise details required.

“When we feel like we’ve asked a lot of questions, then we ask more and interject with our knowledge on the process,” says Nottingham, instructional support technician.

These details are vital to their success, as they are always working on a wide range of projects. They have built everything from lab and laser tables, to optic adapters, to recirculating flumes, including one that is 35-feet long.

Kevin Cullinan, instructional support technician, with the 35-foot recirculating flume constructed in the CAS Instrument Machine Shop. Photo: Douglas Levere

Yes, that’s right. A 35-foot recirculating flume that can perfectly mimic the environment of a small stream, recirculating water and sediment. The flume, housed in Wilkenson Quad in the Ellicott Complex, is managed by Sean Bennett, associate dean for social sciences in the college and professor in the Department of Geography.

“As an experimental geomorphologist, hydraulic flumes are the backbone of my entire research program,” says Bennett. Since arriving at UB, he has studied a variety of topics with flumes constructed, modified and maintained by Cullinan in the Instrument Machine Shop. The flumes help him investigate erosion and rill development on a soil-mantled landscape; the effect of large woody debris on streambank stability and local scour; fish movement and behavior in complex turbulent flows; the hydrodynamics of impinging jets and soil erosion; the effect of aquatic mussels on open channel flow; fish swimming capability and fatigue; mechanics of sediment suspension in a zero-mean shear flow; and the effect of vegetation on near-bank flow in rivers, among other topics. 

Bigger projects like these not only greatly benefit faculty and their research efforts, but many students utilize the facilities as well. “Dozens of students have used the flumes for educational purposes and nearly all of the research was supported by external grants,” says Bennett. “The machine shop is an unrivaled resource for any faculty member or student whose work involves anything related to materials,” he adds.

While the influx of requests at the Instrument Machine Shop involves builds for nationally funded research and scientific study, it also supports creativity in the college in unique ways.

The team in the machine shop also helped design and build these tanks used by art professor Paul Vanouse in his artwork, "Labor." Photo: Douglas Levere

For faculty members like Paul Vanouse, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Art and director of Coalesce, the shop is vital to his artistry. His bio-media artwork often employs molecular biology techniques to challenge entrenched notions of individual, racial and national identity. 

“I’ve been working with the college’s Instrument Machine Shop since I arrived at UB about 25 years ago,” says Vanouse. “I was told about their work by a representative from Fisher Scientific when I was working on my first large-scale bio-art project, “The Relative Velocity Inscription Device.” Gary Nottingham helped me realize a giant DNA gel electrophoresis rig out of plexiglass, which was the centerpiece of the project,” he adds.

Vanouse’s artwork, “Labor,” used bacteria to recreate the smell of human sweat inside 25-gallon industrial fermenters, also made by the Instrument Machine Shop. “With ‘Labor’ Kevin Cullinan and Tom Gruenauer (since retired) suggested key hardware, materials and design solutions — from how to fabricate concentric rings with minimal material to the perfect hardware connectors for the works aesthetic,” says Vanouse. In 2019, “Labor” was on exhibit at the Burchfield Penney Art Center and later received the “Golden Nica ,” the top prize from nearly 1,000 nominations and submissions at the 2020 Prix Ars Electronica Festival in Austria. 

“The CAS Instrument Machine Shop is a fantastic resource for anyone who fabricates their own parts or devices, whether you are an artist, physicist, biologist, geologist, engineer or some combination of these,” says Vanouse.

Sambandamurthy Ganapathy, associate dean for research and professor in the Department of Physics, agrees.

“When I arrived in 2016, the first major task was to install gas recovery pipelines in my laboratory spaces,” says Ganapathy. “This is not a trivial task, and the team designed the recovery lines and flow meters connecting to the central helium liquefaction facility and then installed the pipelines successfully, which was critical for the successful operation of cryogenic instruments in my research group.

“The machine shop staff are not there only to complete the tasks requested, they are extremely collaborative in the projects from the designing stages all the way to fabrication and provide technical support and valuable inputs based on their expertise and experience,” added Ganapathy. “Often this has resulted in a product better than what was originally planned.”

Faculty and graduate students within the college interested in working with the Instrument Machine Shop can complete the online form to schedule a consultation . To learn more about the CAS Instrument Machine Shop, visit the website .

Chiefs' Harrison Butker blasted for commencement speech encouraging women to be homemakers

Kansas City Chiefs kicker Harrison Butker has aggravated one of the internet's biggest culture wars by telling a class of college graduates that one of the “most important” titles a woman can hold is homemaker.

During a commencement speech last weekend at Benedictine College, a Catholic liberal arts school in Atchison, Kansas, the NFL player railed against abortion, Pride month and Covid-19 lockdown measures.

Drawing the most viral backlash this week, however, was a section of his speech in which he addressed the female graduates specifically — telling them that it’s women who have had “the most diabolical lies” told to them.

“How many of you are sitting here now, about to cross this stage, and are thinking about all the promotions and titles you are going to get in your career? Some of you may go on to lead successful careers in the world,” Butker said. “But I would venture to guess that the majority of you are most excited about your marriage and the children you will bring into this world.”

The criticisms that followed took aim at Butker as well as the NFL.

"Hey @NFL — If you want to continue to grow your female fan base and any other marginalized group (straight white men are already watching your product), come get your boy," wrote Lisa Guerrero, a former NFL sideline reporter and now an investigative journalist for "Inside Edition."

He went on to tell the graduates that his wife would agree that her life “truly started when she began living her vocation as a wife and as a mother.” It is her embrace of this role, he said, that made his own professional success possible.

Butker’s comments share similarities with some of the more extreme ideas around gender roles that have gained traction in communities that promote “ tradwife ” lifestyles or other relationship dynamics that center on traditional gender roles .

“Listen, there’s nothing wrong with his wife being a homemaker. Homemakers are wonderful, that’s not the point,” filmmaker Michael McWhorter, known by his more than 6 million TikTok followers as TizzyEnt, said in a video response. “The point is he seemed to be acting as if you should be ashamed if you don’t want to be a homemaker, or, ‘I know what you really want to do is just stay home and have babies.’"

The speech was the latest incident to add fuel to the flames of this increasingly vocal cultural battle, much of which is playing out online. While many prominent right-wing men have voiced such beliefs before, they’re usually confined to internet forums, podcasts and other online communities where these ideologies thrive.

A spokesperson for Butker did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Benedictine College and the Kansas City Chiefs did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

A spokesperson for the NFL told People Magazine that Butker "gave a speech in his personal capacity" and his "views are not those of the NFL as an organization."

"The NFL is steadfast in our commitment to inclusion, which only makes our league stronger," a spokesperson told the publication.

Butker, who is teammates with Chiefs tight end Travis Kelce, further drew surprise and criticism when he quoted Kelce’s girlfriend, Taylor Swift, whose monumental career success as a global pop star has inspired college courses .

“As my teammate’s girlfriend says, ‘familiarity breeds contempt,’” he said, drawing murmurs from the crowd as he used the “Bejeweled” lyric as an analogy for why Catholic priests should not become “overly familiar” with their parishioners.

In the days since his speech, a Change.org petition for the Chiefs to dismiss Butker for “discriminatory remarks” has garnered nearly 19,000 signatures.

“These comments reinforce harmful stereotypes that threaten social progress,” the petition stated. “They create a toxic environment that hinders our collective efforts towards equality, diversity and inclusion in society. It is unacceptable for such a public figure to use their platform to foster harm rather than unity.”

Those who criticized Butker’s speech online include actor Bradley Whitford as well as DJ and rapper (and self-proclaimed Swiftie ) Flavor Flav .

But his speech was also lauded by some on the religious right, including conservative sports media personalities such as Clay Travis and Jason Whitlock , who defended Butker’s statements toward women.

“Not a word Harrison Butker says here should be remotely controversial. He’s 100% correct,” former NFL wide receiver T.J. Moe posted on X . “Those trying to convince women that being assistant VP of lending & intentionally childless at age 40 is more fulfilling than making a family and home are evil.”

Sports and culture commentator Jon Root also posted that Butker “exposed the lies that the world has been telling women.” Women, he wrote, are wrongly encouraged to climb the corporate ladder, view children as a “burden” and see marriage as “not worth pursuing.”

Still, a deluge of viewers online took issue with his attitude toward women and the LGBTQ community. Many women also rejected the premise that they would be happier staying at home in lieu of paid work, even if they do have a husband and children.

“I am moved. I actually had no idea that my life began when I met my husband,” neurosurgeon Betsy Grunch, known as Ladyspinedoc on TikTok, said sarcastically in a TikTok video . “It did not begin when I graduated magna cum laude from the University of Georgia with honors. It certainly did not begin when I graduated with a 4.0 GPA, Alpha Omega Alpha, from medical school. And I had no idea that it did not begin when I completed my residency in neurosurgery.”

Angela Yang is a culture and trends reporter for NBC News.

The Honors College is proud to showcase selections from the 11th annual South Carolina High School Writing Contest. Featuring submissions from high school juniors and seniors from across the state, the works are edited by Honors students from our SCHC 384 course.

Bright and strong, the tall goldenrod is South Carolina’s state wildflower. We think Solidago altissima also represents our state’s best young writers. Here are 18 of them, each of whom composed an original response to our annual question, “How can we make South Carolina better?” Read on and take heart. These writers are bright and strong indeed.

First Place – My Name, My Roots, My Home by Dayanara Reyes

Second Place – I Promise, You're Not Forgotten by Zayd Kidwai

Third Place – "Hands Up!" by Brookelynn Little

Honorable Mention – A Queer Child's Lullaby by Lily Heiner

Argumentative Essays

Savoring Heritage, Saving Health by Kensley Green

Education and the Role It Plays in the Development of Democracy by Brantley Metcalf

Navigating Towards Equity: We Need to Inspire Change by Raghav Pallapothu

The Red Flood of Ignorance by Davies Roberts

Education Inequality: The Need for Reform by Justin Schlag

Dollars for Scholars by Sophia Strobel

Thirty-One Seconds by Shaina Dashiell

Tangled Love by Catherine Milburn

The Dealer's Daughter by Kendall Pifer

Personal Essays

State-Owned by Abigail Bailey

Chronology of My Neighborhood by Avelyn Bailey

Roadkills by Kimora Brown

The State of My Identity by Eunwoo Choi

Subarus, Trucks, Giraffes, and Unity by Kristin Rotchford

Acknowledgements

The annual South Carolina High School Writing Contest wouldn’t be possible without other individuals and organizations. We thank South Carolina Honors College alumnus  Thad Westbrook , the  Pat Conroy Literary Center  (Jonathan Haupt, executive director); the  South Carolina State Library  (Leesa Aiken, director);  South Carolina Academy of Authors (Wilmot Irvin, chair); and the  South Carolina Writers Association  (Ash Smith, president). We also thank Felicia Mitchell , grand judge for this year’s contest, and the many high school guidance counselors and teachers who encouraged students to submit. The students in the fall 2023 semester of SCHC 384, Finding Your Voice: Writing and Editing for Life, were the first editors of volume 11. They are Alex Alleyne, Allison DeHart, Catherine DeMino, Lauren Douglas, Abigail Elliott, Seth Gould, Isabel Jordan, Hannah Augsbach Lamma, Sanskruti Patel, Paul Ward Pratz, Ronnie Rahenkamp, Rylyn Reynolds, Alexis Simpson, Caroline Smith and Kennedy Westendorff. 

Challenge the conventional. Create the exceptional. No Limits.

NY college protests helped shape anti-Vietnam War movement: Here's how it happened

Before igniting the current wave of Israel-Hamas war protests, New York played an outsized role in shaping national movements that spanned from abolishing slavery and fights for women's suffrage to myriad antiwar efforts across the past century.

From an 1848 Finger Lakes tea party that inspired women to push for the 19th Amendment and their right to vote to Vietnam War protests of the 1960s and '70s to today's pro-Palestinian demonstrations at colleges, scenes of protest and activism have touched communities across New York.

Columbia , the university at the center of the current wave of protests,  has even seen similar protests  before, including during the Vietnam War in 1968. Demonstrations led the university to end classified war research and stop military recruitment, among other changes, wrote Rosalind Rosenberg, a professor of history at Barnard College, for  Barnard Magazine .

And as a growing list of recent protests involve arrests of students , USA TODAY Network revisited four milestone protests on campuses in New York during the Vietnam era to explore how universities repeatedly emerged as epicenters for American activism.

University at Buffalo: Vietnam draft protests in 1968, the 'Buffalo nine'

As opposition to the Vietnam War mounted, groups of University at Buffalo students came to the support of activist Bruce Beyer, whose draft opposition attracted national attention in 1968.

After publicly burning their draft cards, Beyer and a second man entered the Unitarian Universalist church on Elmwood Avenue in Buffalo to claim symbolic sanctuary against arrest for draft evasion, according to the university's archives .

FBI, U.S. marshals and Buffalo police entered the church and arrest Beyer, as well as eight of his supporters after a brief fistfight with the police and federal agents.  This group, later known as the Buffalo Nine, would be charged with assault, and Breyer's trial, which ended with his conviction and three-year prison sentence, sparked months of chaotic and, at times, violent protests at the public university in Buffalo.

The handling of protests on the campus in Buffalo marked a milestone moment in New York and the nation's debate about academic free speech protections at public universities , which continue today.

Israel-Hamas War protests: Did SUNY Purchase, New Paltz protest arrests violate free speech protections?

University of Rochester: Vietnam protests against napalm maker, Kent State shootings in 1960s, 1970

Students at the University of Rochester became one of the early college groups to stage protests of Dow Chemical Corporation — the makers of napalm for the Vietnam War — in the late 1960s, according to the university's archives .

That movement followed prior anti-napalm research and demonstrations that began in 1966 at Midwest colleges, including the University of Wisconsin and the University of Michigan, the then-home state for Dow Chemical, according to those colleges' archives.

Then, in 1970, the Eastman School of Music at the University of Rochester played host to a pair of concerts mounted in the Eastman Theatre with a special purpose: to raise funds for the national circulation of an antiwar petition written by two faculty members, according to the school's archives .  

The two concerts represented the climax of anti-war activity at the college — that is, in protest of American involvement in Vietnam — mounted by Eastman School students in the weeks following the tragedy that would become known simply as Kent State, in which authorities open fired into protesting students, killing four young people.

Protest laws:   SUNY Purchase, New Paltz college protests: What's legal and what's not? What experts say

Cornell University: A 1968 campus building takeover by armed students

At 3 a.m. on a spring night in 1968, a burning cross was discovered outside Wari House, a cooperative for black women students at Cornell University.

The following morning, members of the Afro-American Society occupied Willard Straight Hall to protest Cornell's perceived racism, its judicial system and its slow progress in establishing a black studies program, George Lowery wrote in the Cornell Chronicle .

Law enforcement from Rochester, Syracuse and other upstate locales promptly responded to the Ivy-league campus in Ithaca.

Following negotiations with Cornell officials over the next 36 hours, the students emerged from the building carrying rifles and wearing bandoleers. Their image, captured by Associated Press photographer Steve Starr, in a Pulitzer Prize-winning photo, appeared in newspapers across the country and on the cover of Newsweek magazine under the headline, "Universities Under the Gun," Lowery added, noting the episode came to symbolize an era of social change.

College protests: Why are students protesting in NY and around the nation? Here's what shaped today's movements

Syracuse University: Student strikes in 1970

Beginning on May 4, 1970, Syracuse University students participating in the National Student Strike held teach-ins and sit-ins, according to the university's library website .

The SU students marched, erected barricades and caused damage to campus, negotiated with the university administration, and made their voices heard. Although the strike ended at the close of the 1970 spring semester, the impact of this student-led protest was felt for years to come.

Some of those ripples of change affected the way decisions are made on the campus today, the library exhibit noted, and the educational opportunities available, in many ways, have been fundamentally informed by the activism and engagement of the student strike and other student movements of that period.

Kayla Jimenez of USA TODAY contributed to this report

• Share full article

Advertisement

Supported by

Guest Essay

The Best College Is One Where You Don’t Fit In

By Michael S. Roth

Mr. Roth is the president of Wesleyan University.

This time of year, college campuses like the one where I live fill up with high school seniors preparing to make what feels like a momentous choice. The first imperative is to find a school that they can afford, but beyond that, many students have been advised to find one where they can see themselves. Too often, they take this to mean finding a place with students like them, even students who look like them — a place where they will feel comfortable. I can’t tell you how many families have described driving many hours to a campus somewhere and having their daughter or son say something like: “We don’t need to get out. I can tell already this isn’t for me.”

“How about the info session?” the patient parent asks.

Choosing a college based on where you feel comfortable is a mistake. The most rewarding forms of education make you feel very uncomfortable, not least because they force you to recognize your own ignorance. Students should hope to encounter ideas and experience cultural forms that push them beyond their current opinions and tastes. Sure, revulsion is possible (and one can learn from that), but so is the discovery that your filtered ways of taking in the world had blocked out things in which you now delight. One learns from that, too.

Either way, a college education should enable you to discover capabilities you didn’t even know you had while deepening those that provide you with meaning and direction. To discover these capabilities is to practice freedom, the opposite of trying to figure out how to conform to the world as it is. Tomorrow the world will be different anyway. Education should help you find ways of shaping change, not just ways of coping with it.

These days, the first thing that campus visitors may notice are protests over the war in Gaza. These will be attractive to some who see in them an admirable commitment to principle and off-putting to those who see evidence of groupthink or intimidation. Any campus should be a “ safe enough space ,” one free of harassment and intimidation, but not one where identities and beliefs are just reinforced. That’s why it’s profoundly disturbing to hear of Jewish students afraid to move about because of the threat of verbal and physical abuse. And that’s why it’s inspiring to see Muslim and Jewish students camped out together to protest a war they think is unjust.

Refusing to conform can mean being rebellious, but it can also mean just going against the grain, like being unabashedly religious in a very secular institution or being the conservative or libertarian voice in classes filled with progressives. I recently asked one such student if he perceived any faculty bias. “Don’t worry about me,” he replied. “My professors find me fascinating.” Some of the military veterans who’ve attended my liberal arts university have disrupted the easy prejudices of their progressive peers while finding themselves working in areas they’d never expected to be interested in.

Over the years, I’ve found nonconformists to be the most interesting people to have in my classes; I’ve also found that they often turn out to be the people who add the greatest value to the organizations in which they work. I’m thinking of Kendall, a computer science major I had in a philosophy class whom I saw on campus recently because she was directing an ambitious musical. When I expressed my admiration at her unlikely combination of interests, she was almost insulted by my surprise and enthusiasm. Had I really stereotyped her as someone not interested in the arts just because she excels in science?

Or take the student activist (please!) who a couple of years after leading a demonstration to the president’s office made an appointment to meet with me. I was worried about new political demands, but she had something else in mind: getting a recommendation for law school. I could, she reminded me with a smile, write about her leadership abilities on campus. And I did.

Of course, even students who refuse to fall in with the herd should learn how to listen and speak to it and to various groups different from their own. That’s an increasingly valuable capacity, and it will help them make their way in the world, whatever school they attend, whatever their major.

Side by side, students should learn how to be full human beings, not mere appendages, and this means continually questioning what they are doing and learning from one another. “Truly speaking,” Ralph Waldo Emerson said about a century ago, “it is not instruction, but provocation, that I can receive from another soul.” That’s why the colleges — large public institutions or small faith-based colleges or anything in between — that nurture and respond to the energies of their students are the ones that feel most intellectually alive.

So, what makes a school the right one? It’s not the prestige of a name or the campus amenities. First and foremost, it’s the teachers. Great teachers help make a college great because they themselves are never done being students. Sure, there are plenty of schools filled with faculty members who think alike, who relish the bubble of fellowship in received opinion. A college can make being weird or radical into adolescent orthodoxy. These places should be avoided. By contrast, there are colleges with great teachers who practice freedom by activating wonder, a capacity for appreciation and a taste for inquiry — and who do so because they themselves seek out these broadening experiences. You can feel their own nonconformity as they try to provoke their students away from the various forms of received opinion.

Finding the right college will often mean finding these kinds of people — classmates and mentors, perpetual students who seek open-ended learning that brings joy and meaning. That’s what young people checking out schools should really be looking for: not a place merely to fit in but a place to practice freedom in good company.

Michael S. Roth is the president of Wesleyan University. His most recent books are “ The Student: A Short History” and “ Safe Enough Spaces: A Pragmatist’s Approach to Inclusion, Free Speech, and Political Correctness on College Campuses.”

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

Follow the New York Times Opinion section on Facebook , Instagram , TikTok , WhatsApp , X and Threads .

Current time by city

For example, New York

Current time by country

For example, Japan

Time difference

For example, London

For example, Dubai

Coordinates

For example, Hong Kong

For example, Delhi

For example, Sydney

Geographic coordinates of Elektrostal, Moscow Oblast, Russia

City coordinates

Coordinates of Elektrostal in decimal degrees

Coordinates of elektrostal in degrees and decimal minutes, utm coordinates of elektrostal, geographic coordinate systems.

WGS 84 coordinate reference system is the latest revision of the World Geodetic System, which is used in mapping and navigation, including GPS satellite navigation system (the Global Positioning System).

Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) define a position on the Earth’s surface. Coordinates are angular units. The canonical form of latitude and longitude representation uses degrees (°), minutes (′), and seconds (″). GPS systems widely use coordinates in degrees and decimal minutes, or in decimal degrees.

Latitude varies from −90° to 90°. The latitude of the Equator is 0°; the latitude of the South Pole is −90°; the latitude of the North Pole is 90°. Positive latitude values correspond to the geographic locations north of the Equator (abbrev. N). Negative latitude values correspond to the geographic locations south of the Equator (abbrev. S).

Longitude is counted from the prime meridian ( IERS Reference Meridian for WGS 84) and varies from −180° to 180°. Positive longitude values correspond to the geographic locations east of the prime meridian (abbrev. E). Negative longitude values correspond to the geographic locations west of the prime meridian (abbrev. W).

UTM or Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system divides the Earth’s surface into 60 longitudinal zones. The coordinates of a location within each zone are defined as a planar coordinate pair related to the intersection of the equator and the zone’s central meridian, and measured in meters.

Elevation above sea level is a measure of a geographic location’s height. We are using the global digital elevation model GTOPO30 .

Elektrostal , Moscow Oblast, Russia