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Shiv Shakti —

India’s accomplishments in space are getting more impressive, these images from the moon are a crowning achievement for india's space program..

Stephen Clark - Sep 1, 2023 12:32 am UTC

It's been more than a week since India's Chandrayaan 3 mission landed on the Moon, and it's a good time to assess where the world's most populous nation stands relative to other global space powers.

The successful arrival of the Chandrayaan 3 mission's Vikram lander on the Moon made India the first country besides China to achieve a soft landing on the lunar surface since 1976, following a series of failed landings by private organizations and India itself four years ago. And it made India just the fourth nation overall to achieve this feat.

Since the landing of Chandrayaan 3 on August 23, India has released some early findings from the lander and its mobile rover, named Pragyan, along with photos of the vehicles exploring the Moon's alien charcoal-color landscape.

The Moon landing is just the latest in a string of successes in space for India, which has a thriving rocket program with a family of four launch vehicles, its own regional satellite navigation network, and nearly 10 years ago sent an orbiter to Mars. If India can notch another success in its space program in the next few years, the country could become the fourth nation capable of sending its astronauts into low-Earth orbit.

India is still well behind the space programs of the United States and China, but one could argue India has moved closer to Europe and Russia and could be on par with Japan when you take into account several factors: access to space, space exploration, military space projects, and applications like communications, navigation, and remote sensing from orbit.

Among the space powers considered here, India has the lowest human development index, a measure of social factors such as quality of life, income, and education. But its space program is a point of national pride, and Narendra Modi, India's nationalist prime minister, has made a point to associate himself with Indian successes in space.

Those successes have come on a shoestring budget. The Indian government this year is allocating $1.52 billion to space efforts, and India developed and launched Chandrayaan 3 for less than $100 million, lower than the cost of many blockbuster Hollywood films.

“I’ve described India as a sleeping giant and one that is quickly awakening," said Mike Gold, an attorney and space industry official who previously led NASA's space policy office. "India is absolutely vital to global space development... since the country is active with lunar programs, Martian programs, and now even human spaceflight.”

Since the landing of Chandrayaan 3, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)—India's space agency—has released a handful of images, including a black-and-white shot of the stationary SUV-size Vikram lander taken by the Pragyan rover. There's also a video, shown below, of the Pragyan rover rolling down the ramp from the Vikram lander in the hours after arriving on the Moon on August 23.

So far, ISRO hasn't been releasing all of the pictures taken by the rover and lander on the Moon, and the Indian space agency hasn't posted many images on its website, preferring to share them on social media. Let's hope Indian officials develop a better way of releasing high-resolution imagery from Chandrayaan 3 and future deep space probes.

But it's always exciting to see a place human eyes have never seen before, and India's triumph with Chandrayaan 3 is worth celebrating.

In a visit with Indian space scientists in Bangalore last week, Modi announced the Chandrayaan 3 landing site would be named Shiv Shakti Point, a reference to Shiva, a principal deity in Hinduism, and Shakti, which honors the role of women scientists on the mission.

The Vikram lander and Pragyan rover settled onto a landing site closer to the Moon's south pole than any previous lunar lander. Early science results from the mission include the detection of a seismic "event" on the Moon, and the first measurements of the plasma environment near the lunar surface close to the south pole.

"These quantitative measurements potentially assist in mitigating the noise that lunar plasma introduces into radio wave communication. Also, they could contribute to the enhanced designs for upcoming lunar visitors," ISRO said.

Instruments on the rover have detected sulfur in the lunar crust at the landing site. "This finding... compels scientists to develop fresh explanations for the source of sulfur in the area," ISRO said, adding that the element could be intrinsic to the landing site or may have been produced by an ancient volcanic eruption or an asteroid or cometary impact.

The Times of India reported this week that Indian engineers are increasingly optimistic that the Vikram lander and Pragyan rover could wake up and continue their mission after the upcoming two-week-long lunar night. When the Sun sets at the landing site next week, the two vehicles will hibernate as temperatures plummet to minus 333° Fahrenheit (minus 203° Celsius).

The original design life of the lander and rover was to operate for one lunar day, or 14 Earth days, but assuming electronics and batteries hold up to the frigid conditions, there's a chance the vehicles will automatically wake up when rays of sunlight again fall on their solar panels in mid-September.

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IN-SPACe: Unlocking India’s potential in the Space Sector

by PSA Content Desk

Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2020

Give your feedback on National Research Foundation 2020

IN-SPACe: Unlocking India’s potential in the Space Sector Following the resounding success of ambitious projects such as the Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan, the Indian space programme is ready for the next step. Leading the nation’s efforts since 1969, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is currently working towards launching Gaganyaan—India’s first manned spaceflight mission.

‘We have decided that by 2022, when India completes 75 years of independence, or before that, a son or daughter of India will go to space with a tricolor [Indian flag] in their hands,’ Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi had announced back in 2018. In line with the vision of the head of state, an independent nodal agency to facilitate private participation in the space sector has been formulated under the Department of Science (DoS). This new agency, termed the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe) , aims to ensure increased participation from the private sector in India’s space activities.

IN-SPACe: Reshaping the future of Indian Space Exploration

The IN-SPACe initiative was announced as part of India’s novel attempts to widen the horizons of space research. The single-window nodal agency works between ISRO and the Non-Government Private Entities (NGPEs), accelerating the participation of NGPEs in India’s space exploration activities.

ISRO Chief K. Sivan believes that the move is a ‘major reform’ and ‘ … the private sector will be enabled to carry out space activities like building of rockets, satellites, providing launch services on a commercial basis and be part of interplanetary missions of ISRO’. 

Announcing the initiative in an online briefing, Sivan added that IN-SPACe will have its own directorates for technical, legal, safety and security, activity promotion as well as for monitoring purposes so that they can take an independent decision.

IN-SPACe will have a built-in mechanism to allow sharing of technology, infrastructure, and expertise to encourage the participation of NGPEs in space activities. Enhancing the diffusion of space exploration between public and private sectors, the initiative will help boost India’s space economy.

Watch R. Umamaheshwaran (Scientific Secretary, ISRO), as he describes the organization and operations of In-SPACe and while talking about enabling mechanisms for private players to carry out space activities at a webinar on "Unlocking India's Potential in Space Sector" in August 2020.

Why does this matter? ISRO’s contribution in pushing the frontiers of space sciences in India has been significant. Opening up of the sector will have an impact in India but globally. Prof K. VijayRaghavan pointed out that these reforms come with an opportunity “ to increase both volume and quality in extraordinary ways .”

IN-SPACe will provide a balanced playing field for private entities in India’s space exploration through an encouraging regulatory environment for optimum utilization of the nation’s space assets. Association of the private parties will strengthen our efforts ‘ … to open up the space sector and make space-based applications and services more widely accessible to everyone’, Sivan said . IN-SPACe would help reform ISRO's research and development (R&D) activities through the innovative utilization of space technology and infrastructure. With advanced capabilities in the space sector, the IN-SPACe initiative would be a determining factor that will help the country prosper in space research. 

The IN-SPACe initiative is a step to the future. The agency aims to transform India’s space activities from a ‘supply-driven' model to a ‘demand-driven' model. It aims to pave the way for upcoming prospects in launch vehicle and satellite production, launch services as well as space-based services.

The ISRO chief expressed his confidence in the initiative during an old interview in 2018 , ‘[The] PM has given the target of 2022 and it’s our duty to meet it … we have completed many technologies like the crew module and escape systems. The project has been underway; now we need to prioritize and achieve the target.’

The new policy would also help the space industry to fill in India’s communication infrastructure deficit, according to experts . With pioneering missions like the Gaganyaan in line, the possibility of increased engagement from the private sector might usher in a new age for India’s space program.  

Further reading

Commitment towards a reformed sector: Unlocking the Space Sector

The Government of India established the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) in November 1999. The PSA's office aims to provide pragmatic and objective advice to the Prime Minister and the cabinet in matters of Science and Technology.

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Essay on ISRO

500 words essay on isro.

ISRO, the Indian Space Research Organization, is India’s national space agency that is located in the city of Bengaluru. Furthermore, the Department of Space Government of India controls the ISRO space agency. Let us learn more about this space agency with this essay on ISRO.

                                                                                                                                 Essay On Isro

About the ISRO Space Agency

The formation of ISRO took place in the year 1969. Furthermore, the vision behind the establishment of ISRO was to develop and harness space technology in national development. Moreover, this development and harnessing of space technology were to take place while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration.

ISRO is the successor of the Indian National Committee for Space Research whose establishment took place in the year 1962. ISRO now enjoys the reputation of being among the elite space agencies in the world.

As of now, ISRO is the primary Indian agency to perform activities related to the development of new technologies, space exploration, and space-based applications. Moreover, ISRO is among the only six government agencies that operate large fleets of artificial satellites, deploys cryogenic engines, undertakes extraterrestrial missions, and has full launch capabilities.

Throughout many years, ISRO incorporates space service for the benefit of the common man as well as the nation. Moreover, the maintenance of one of the largest fleets of communication satellites and remote sensing satellites takes place by ISRO. They serve the roles of fast and reliable communication as well as Earth observation.

Achievements of ISRO

The first Indian satellite that was built by ISRO was Aryabhata, whose launching took place on April 19 th , 1975. Furthermore, 1980 was another important year for ISRO because the launching of the Rohini satellite took place. Moreover, the successful placing of Rohini in the orbit took place by SLV-3.

In the year 2014 January, ISRO made use of an indigenously built cryogenic engine for GSLV-D5. Also, this was the launch of the GSAT-14 satellite . Most noteworthy, this made India one of the only six countries to develop a cryogenic technology.

Apart from technological capabilities, a lot of contribution has taken place by ISRO in the field of science. Furthermore, ISRO is in charge of its own Lunar and interplanetary missions. Moreover, ISRO controls various specific projects for the promotion of science education, and also to provide data to the scientific community.

The development of two rockets has taken place by ISRO, which are the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). Moreover, ISRO sent Chandrayaan-1, a lunar orbiter, on October 22nd 2008, which made the spectacular discovery of lunar water in ice form.

The Mars Orbiter Mission was sent by ISRO on November 5th 2013, which made its entry into the orbit of Mars on September 24th 2014, thereby making India successful with its attempt to Mars.

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Conclusion of the Essay on ISRO

There is no doubt that ISRO is really the pride of India. Furthermore, it has boosted the reputation of India in the world as a nation of scientific thought and development. Hopefully, ISRO will continue on its noble mission of space and technological exploration in the future.

FAQs For Essay on ISRO

Question 1: Mention some of the activities of ISRO?

Answer 1: Some of the activities of ISRO are the operation of large fleets of artificial satellites, deployment of cryogenic engines, undertaking extraterrestrial missions, and full launching capabilities.

Question 2: Mention any two satellites launched by ISRO?

Answer 2: Two satellites launched by ISRO are Aryabhata and Rohini. Furthermore, Aryabhata was the first Indian satellite that was built by ISRO. Moreover, Rohini was the first satellite whose placing took place in the orbit by SLV-3.

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Science and Technology in India, Progress, Achievements, and Concerns

Science and technology have played a pivotal role in shaping India's modern identity and driving its socio-economic development. Know all Achievements Science and Technology in India.

Table of Contents

Science and technology have played a pivotal role in shaping India’s modern identity and driving its socio-economic development. With a rich history dating back centuries, India has made significant strides in recent years, positioning itself as a global player in the field of science and technology.

Science and Technology in India

Science and technology have significantly influenced India’s development. With a rich historical legacy, India has made remarkable strides in recent times. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has gained global acclaim with missions to the moon and Mars, while the IT and pharmaceutical sectors are thriving. These advancements have driven economic growth, improved healthcare, and strengthened the agricultural sector. However, India must address funding, education, and digital access disparities to maintain this momentum and ensure technology benefits all.

History of science and technology in India

India’s history of science and technology is a tapestry of remarkable accomplishments spanning millennia. Ancient Indian mathematicians blazed a trail with the invention of the decimal system and the concept of zero, while astronomers made precise celestial observations. The “Sushruta Samhita” demonstrated advanced surgical knowledge, and India’s metallurgical expertise was renowned. The medieval period witnessed architectural marvels like the Taj Mahal. British colonialism influenced the growth of modern scientific institutions.

Post-independence, India prioritized education and research, giving rise to institutions like the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). Contemporary India excels in space exploration, IT, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy, solidifying its global stature in science and technology. Science and technology have always been integral to Indian culture, with a rich tradition of natural philosophy. The Indian Renaissance, coinciding with the independence struggle, saw significant progress by Indian scientists. Post-independence, the government established robust S&T infrastructure, with the Department of Science and Technology playing a pivotal role.

Role of Science & Technology in India

The role of science and technology in India is pivotal, with significant contributions to the nation’s development and progress. This role can be understood through various dimensions:

Economic Growth

Science and technology play a critical role in driving economic growth. They underpin various industries, including information technology, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and manufacturing. India’s burgeoning software and IT services sector, in particular, has led to substantial foreign exchange earnings and job creation. The advancements in these industries have significantly contributed to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and overall economic development.

Agricultural Transformation

Science and technology have been instrumental in transforming India’s agriculture sector. The Green Revolution, initiated in the mid-20th century, introduced high-yield crop varieties, modern irrigation techniques, and improved agricultural practices. These innovations increased agricultural productivity, ensuring food security for the growing population.

Healthcare Advancements

Technological advancements in the field of medicine have improved healthcare outcomes in India. Advanced medical equipment, telemedicine, and innovative treatment methods have enhanced the quality of healthcare services. India has also become a prominent player in pharmaceuticals, producing a wide range of affordable generic drugs and vaccines.

Education and Research

Science and technology have fostered a culture of innovation and research in India. The establishment of institutions like the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs), and world-class research facilities has nurtured a new generation of scientists and engineers. These institutions have not only contributed to cutting-edge research but have also attracted international collaborations.

Space Exploration

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has achieved significant milestones in space exploration. India’s Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) in 2013 marked its entry into interplanetary space exploration. ISRO’s missions have contributed to advancements in communication, remote sensing, and global positioning systems, benefiting a wide range of sectors, including agriculture, disaster management, and urban planning.

Global Contributions

India has become a global contributor in science and technology. Its space missions and pharmaceutical industry have not only served domestic needs but have also had a global impact. India’s information technology sector provides crucial services to businesses and organizations around the world. The nation’s scientists and engineers are increasingly engaged in collaborative research projects with international partners, contributing to global scientific advancements.

Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Science and technology have fostered innovation and entrepreneurship. Start-ups in the technology, biotechnology, and clean energy sectors have gained prominence, attracting investments and generating job opportunities. India’s government and private sector actively support the growth of a vibrant start-up ecosystem.

Recent Developments of science and technology in India

India has a rich history of remarkable achievements in the field of science and technology, spanning from ancient innovations to modern breakthroughs. Here are some notable contributions:

Revolutionizing Agriculture

India’s Green Revolution, a monumental achievement, transformed the country’s agricultural landscape. Agro-scientists introduced high-yielding seeds, modern farming techniques, and improved irrigation practices. As a result, India became self-sufficient in food production, reducing reliance on foreign grain imports and ensuring food security.

Pioneering Satellite Communication

Under the visionary leadership of Vikram Sarabhai, India ventured into space technology. The successful launch of the Space Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) and the INSAT system in 1983 established India as a significant player in satellite communication. This achievement has had a profound impact on telecommunications, broadcasting, and weather forecasting.

Global Pharmaceutical Hub

India has earned its reputation as “the pharmacy of the world.” Government initiatives, including the establishment of Hindustan Antibiotics Limited and Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited, along with private sector contributions, have led to the production of affordable and effective drugs and vaccines with a global impact.

Indigenous Defence Advancements

The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) has been pivotal in developing indigenous defence systems, including advanced aircraft, weaponry, tanks, electronic warfare technologies, and missile systems. India’s successful nuclear tests in 1974 and 1998 have reinforced national security and sovereignty.

Space Exploration Excellence

The establishment of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969 marked a significant milestone. ISRO’s missions, including Chandrayaan (2008) and Mangalyaan (2014), have propelled India to the forefront of space exploration. India became the first nation to reach the orbit of Mars on its maiden attempt, expanding our knowledge of celestial bodies.

Global IT Dominance

The establishment of the Department of Electronics in 1970, coupled with the emergence of public sector companies like ECIL and CMC, challenged the dominance of global IT giants. Today, India stands as the world’s largest exporter of IT services, with companies like Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) ranking among the top 10 IT firms globally, contributing significantly to the nation’s economic growth and technological prowess.

Achievements of India in Science and Technology

In the realm of space exploration, India has achieved notable milestones through the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). ISRO has successfully launched numerous satellites for communication, Earth observation, and navigation. The Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan), launched in 2013, marked a historic achievement, making India the fourth country in the world to reach Mars on its maiden attempt. Additionally, the Chandrayaan-2 mission was launched to explore the Moon, comprising an orbiter, lander, and rover.

Nuclear Technology

India has made significant strides in nuclear technology, developing capabilities for both civilian and military purposes. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 demonstrated India’s nuclear capabilities to the world. The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) have played pivotal roles in advancing nuclear science within the country.

Information Technology

India has established itself as a global IT hub, with companies like Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Infosys, and Wipro leading the industry. These companies have contributed to Silicon Valley and the global tech industry, while Indian engineers and entrepreneurs have made substantial contributions in the field of information technology.

Pharmaceutical and Healthcare

India is a major player in the pharmaceutical industry, producing a significant portion of the world’s generic drugs. Indian pharmaceutical companies have played a crucial role in the global fight against diseases like HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. This contribution to healthcare has had a global impact.

Renewable Energy

India has made significant progress in the field of renewable energy, setting ambitious goals for solar and wind energy generation. The International Solar Alliance (ISA), initiated by India, promotes cooperation among countries in harnessing solar energy, contributing to sustainable development.

Biotechnology

In the field of biotechnology, India has made advancements through research institutions and companies. These advancements encompass genetic engineering, vaccine development, and crop improvement, making significant contributions to the global biotech sector.

Supercomputing

India’s indigenous supercomputer, Param, has been a valuable tool for scientific research and weather forecasting. It showcases India’s capabilities in high-performance computing.

Agriculture and Green Revolution

The Green Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s, led by scientists like Norman Borlaug, transformed agricultural practices in India. It significantly increased food production and played a crucial role in improving food security.

Space Research and Navigation

India’s space research extends to navigation with the launch of its regional satellite navigation system called NavIC. NavIC provides accurate positioning information services to users in India and neighboring regions, enhancing navigation capabilities.

Science and Innovation

Indian scientists and researchers have made substantial contributions to various scientific fields, including physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics. Their work has elevated India’s standing in the global scientific community and contributed to scientific knowledge worldwide.

Concerns in Science and Technology in India

India’s science and technology landscape faces several concerns that impact its growth and competitiveness:

• Funding Challenges: The level of investment in research and development in India is often insufficient to support cutting-edge scientific endeavors and technological innovations. Inadequate funding hampers the country’s ability to tackle critical challenges and compete globally.
• Educational Variability: Disparities in the quality of science and technology education across the country hinder the development of a skilled workforce. Education reform is needed to make curriculum more relevant and equip students with practical skills.
• Brain Drain: The emigration of highly skilled researchers and scientists to foreign countries in pursuit of better opportunities results in a substantial loss of expertise and innovation within India.
• Innovation Ecosystem: Establishing a thriving innovation ecosystem with support for startups and entrepreneurship remains a challenge. Translating research into commercially viable products or services can be difficult.
• Infrastructure Gaps: Inadequate infrastructure, including state-of-the-art research facilities, hinders scientific progress and innovation.

Way Forward

To bolster India’s science and technology sector, key measures are vital. Firstly, an increase in research and development funding is imperative, with a greater budget allocation to support innovative projects and cutting-edge scientific endeavors. Concurrently, a focus on education reform is essential, enhancing the quality of science and technology education with modernized curricula and practical skill development.

Mitigating the brain drain necessitates incentives to retain talented researchers and scientists while nurturing an innovation ecosystem through support for startups and streamlined regulations promotes the commercialization of research. Infrastructure development, including state-of-the-art research facilities, will facilitate scientific progress. These measures collectively position India to contribute significantly to global scientific advancements and ensure socio-economic development.

Science and Technology in India UPSC

Science and Technology is a significant subject within the Civil Services Examination. It’s evident from the numerous questions related to this subject that appear in both the UPSC Prelims and Mains. To assist IAS aspirants in their exam preparations, this article offers downloadable PDFs of UPSC notes on Science and Technology. In the UPSC Mains, Science and Technology form part of the GS III syllabus. Additionally, science subjects such as Botany, Chemistry, and Biology are among the optional subject choices for the IAS Mains exam. These scientific subjects offer the potential for high scores, but often, aspirants face challenges in balancing static and dynamic aspects while making notes, especially when dealing with contemporary issues from the news.

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Science and Technology in India FAQs

What is the role of science and technology in modern india.

Science and technology in modern India drive economic growth, healthcare advancements, and agricultural transformation while fostering innovation, global contributions, and socio-economic development.

What is the future of science and technology in India?

India aspires for advancements in experimental physics, astrophysics, drug development, diagnostics, and biotechnology, aiming to push scientific frontiers.

How does science and technology contribute to economic growth in India?

Science and technology underpin various industries, such as information technology, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology, contributing to GDP and job creation.

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In the coming years, space technology will help us to monitor the effects of climate change. Image:  Unsplash/NASA

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Stay up to date:, geo-economics.

• The space economy could generate $1.8 trillion in global growth by 2035, according to a new report from the World Economic Forum and McKinsey.
• The space industry is growing at 9% per annum – outstripping global GDP.
• Space technology can monitor climate change and streamline global supply chains.

In just over 60 years, human endeavours in space have evolved from extraordinary adventures to become everyday activities. The development of space now touches the lives of billions of people. Hail a ride on your smartphone and the taxi will be directed to you by location data from satellites orbiting the Earth. A fast internet connection is now available anywhere on the planet courtesy of hardware in low Earth orbit.

In recent years there has been an exponential growth in the space economy, with bigger, reusable rockets carrying heavier payloads on more frequent flights into space.

The World Economic Forum’s latest report into the space economy reveals a $1.8 trillion opportunity for global economic growth by 2035. The report, published in partnership with McKinsey & Company, shows the space industry is growing at an average of 9% every year – outstripping growth in global GDP.

In the coming years, space technology will help us to monitor the effects of climate change , warn of impending natural disasters and improve humanitarian response when they strike. Space tech can also streamline the flow of global trade through more efficient supply chains.

Many countries are leveraging the opportunities presented by space technology to accelerate the development of digital capabilities. Here are six examples.

India's space ambitions continue to grow. The nation's space sector has experienced a remarkable surge in activity, with a notable achievement being its pioneering lunar mission that made India the first country to land a spacecraft in the vicinity of the Moon's south pole .

In an effort to commercialize the technologies developed through government-funded initiatives, India has established dedicated bodies and platforms to facilitate coordination and knowledge sharing. Private enterprises are offering cost-effective satellite launch services, space-based communication solutions to cater to the growing population, and imagery data tailored for applications in agriculture and infrastructure development.

Japan has dedicated substantial resources to space endeavours, solidifying its prominent position in space exploration, research and navigation. The Japanese space ecosystem is renowned for its cooperative nature, establishing partnerships across the public, private and international sectors.

This collaborative approach has yielded fruitful outcomes, such as a partnership with the United States aimed at enhancing the accuracy and reliability of positioning, navigation and timing systems in densely populated urban areas. Additionally, Japan has forged cross-industry partnerships to develop sector-leading capabilities, including its collaboration with Toyota to develop lunar transportation solutions.

Ukraine is using space technology to bolster its defences against Russian military aggression. Earth observation data allows Kyiv’s military commanders to monitor troop movements and optimize communications. Ukraine has been denied access to some privately-run satellite technology, emphasizing the need for governments to invest in their own space-based defence infrastructure.

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is using space exploration to diversify its economy and establish a tech-focused industry.

Recent years have seen substantial investments in space, with Saudi astronauts visiting the International Space Station for the first time in 2023.

The Saudi Vision 2030 initiative outlines plans to develop a space industry, backed by a $2 billion investment over the next decade. This investment aims to promote scientific research, bolster national security, and transition the Saudi economy beyond its traditional reliance on natural resources.

Thailand is advancing its space technology capabilities with the aim of improving the lives of its citizens.

In 2022, Thailand unveiled a five-year plan for domestic satellite design and development research. This begins with the TSC-Pathfinder satellite for Earth observation.

Thailand plans to develop a multi-billion-dollar domestic space market. It is also developing a domestic launch site to support launch demand in Asia.

COVID-19 has exposed digital inequities globally and exacerbated the digital divide. Most of the world lives in areas covered by a mobile broadband network, yet more than one-third (2.9 billion people) are still offline. Cost, not coverage, is the barrier to connectivity.

At The Davos Agenda 2021 , the World Economic Forum launched the EDISON Alliance , the first cross-sector alliance to accelerate digital inclusion and connect critical sectors of the economy.

Through the 1 Billion Lives Challenge , the EDISON Alliance aims to improve 1 billion lives globally through affordable and accessible digital solutions across healthcare, financial services and education by 2025.

Read more about the EDISON Alliance’s work in our Impact Story.

Peru is bridging the digital divide and empowering its youth through satellite-enabled connectivity across local communities. A pioneering ‘Internet for All’ programme, launched in 2019, harnesses collaborative partnerships between space industry players and non-space operators to strengthen internet access in rural regions.

Simultaneously, the Peruvian Ministry of Education has implemented a dedicated rural school connectivity initiative, investing in internet infrastructure and digital educational resources tailored for remote settlements.

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World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

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Arielle Zuckerberg, younger sister of Meta chief Mark Zuckerberg, has invested in French space technology company Dark via her venture capital firm Long Journey, the latest instance of a surge in funding for companies in the space sector.

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‘Elon Musk will bring new space revolution in India and boost EV industry,' lauds, DG Indian Space Association

Lt. gen. ak bhatt (retd.), director general of the indian space association, lauds elon musk for pioneering disruptive technologies in space exploration, recognizing his role in democratizing the sector..

In light of Tesla CEO Elon Musk's visit to India, Director General of the Indian Space Association Lt. Gen. AK Bhatt (Retd.) has praised Musk for his contributions to disruptive technologies, particularly within the realm of space exploration.

Lt. Gen. Bhatt acknowledged Musk's role in ushering in what he termed as a "new space revolution," wherein private entities have begun to play a significant role in space endeavors, traditionally dominated by sovereigns and governments.

While Musk's visit to India is primarily centered around Tesla, renowned for its top-notch electric vehicles, Lt. Gen. Bhatt underscored the broader implications for India's industrial landscape. He anticipates significant opportunities for domestic manufacturing, job creation, and the introduction of state-of-the-art automotive technology to Indian consumers.

As per  Lt. Gen. Bhatt, with Tesla's potential entry into the Indian market, stakeholders are optimistic about the prospects of bolstering the country's EV ecosystem and advancing sustainable mobility solutions. 

He added, “As preparations unfold for Musk's visit, industry leaders and policymakers eagerly await further developments and potential collaborations that could shape the future of transportation in India. Tesla’s entry in India will provide opportunities, manufacturing will take place, jobs will come in and of course, Indian users will get the best car that is available in the world."

According to a MoneyControl report citing a senior government official, Elon Musk is likely to announce Tesla's entry into the Indian market following his meeting with Prime Minister Narendra Modi on April 22. 

The official, speaking anonymously, clarified that the announcement would not be site-specific due to the requirement of board approval for such details. Instead, it is expected to be a general announcement signaling Tesla's intention to enter India. The official mentioned that Musk might express appreciation for India's EV policy and express anticipation for entering the Indian market soon.

(With inputs from ANI)

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Essay on Technology Development in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Technology Development in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Technology Development in India

Introduction.

India has seen rapid technology development. This growth has improved lives and boosted the economy.

Technology in Education

Technology has transformed education in India. Digital classrooms and online learning have made education accessible to everyone.

Healthcare Technology

In healthcare, technology has enabled telemedicine and e-health services. This has improved healthcare access in rural areas.

Technology in Business

Businesses have benefited from technology, with e-commerce and digital payments becoming popular. This has boosted the economy.

Technology development in India continues to grow, promising a brighter future for all.

250 Words Essay on Technology Development in India

India, a country known for its rich cultural heritage, has been making significant strides in technology development. The rapid advancements have not only revolutionized the urban landscape but also penetrated the rural regions, transforming the nation into a digital powerhouse.

Information Technology and Software Services

India’s Information Technology (IT) sector has been a major contributor to the country’s economic growth. The IT-BPM (Business Process Management) industry has made India a global outsourcing hub, creating millions of jobs and contributing significantly to the GDP. The development of software services, IT parks, and special economic zones has fostered innovation and entrepreneurship.

Telecommunication

The telecommunication sector in India has witnessed exponential growth with the advent of affordable smartphones and cheap data services. The introduction of 4G, and the impending launch of 5G, has improved connectivity, paving the way for digital inclusivity.

Space Technology

India’s space technology, spearheaded by ISRO, has garnered international acclaim. The successful missions to the moon (Chandrayaan) and Mars (Mangalyaan) have positioned India as a formidable player in space exploration.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

India is making significant strides in the field of AI and ML. With a plethora of startups focusing on AI-based solutions, India is poised to become a global leader in this domain.

In conclusion, the development of technology in India is a testament to the nation’s resilience and adaptability. As the country continues to embrace the digital revolution, it is essential to address the digital divide and ensure technology benefits all strata of society equally.

500 Words Essay on Technology Development in India

India, a country with a rich history and a fast-growing economy, has made significant strides in the field of technology. The country’s tech development has been marked by a series of remarkable achievements, from the establishment of prestigious institutes like the Indian Institutes of Technology to the launch of the Mars Orbiter Mission. This essay delves into the development of technology in India and its implications for the country’s future.

The Emergence of the IT Sector

India’s technological journey began in earnest with the emergence of the Information Technology (IT) sector in the 1990s. The liberalization of the Indian economy played a crucial role in this development, attracting foreign investments and paving the way for the growth of IT companies. Today, India’s IT sector is a global powerhouse, contributing significantly to the country’s GDP and providing employment to millions.

India’s prowess in space technology is another testament to its technological advancements. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has achieved several milestones, including the successful launch of the Mars Orbiter Mission, making India the first Asian country to reach Mars. These achievements have not only put India on the global space map but also highlighted its capabilities in advanced technology and research.

Start-up Ecosystem

The start-up ecosystem in India has also witnessed exponential growth, driven by technological innovation. With the government’s supportive policies and initiatives like ‘Start-up India’, young entrepreneurs are leveraging technology to solve a myriad of problems, from healthcare to education. This has led to the birth of several unicorns and has positioned India as a global innovation hub.

Challenges and Opportunities

Despite these achievements, India faces several challenges in its technological journey. Issues such as digital divide, lack of infrastructure, and inadequate investment in research and development pose significant hurdles. However, these challenges also present opportunities for growth. For instance, the digital divide can be bridged through initiatives like the Digital India campaign, which aims to make government services digitally accessible to all citizens.

In conclusion, technology development in India has been a journey of remarkable growth and innovation. The country has made significant strides in various fields, from IT to space technology. However, to sustain this momentum and achieve its vision of becoming a global technology leader, India needs to address the existing challenges and capitalize on the opportunities that lie ahead. The future of technology in India holds immense potential, and with the right strategies, the country can harness this potential to drive its socio-economic development.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Social Problems in India
• Essay on Unemployment in India
• Essay on Indian Politics

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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Elon Musk likely to meet chiefs of Indian space companies

18 april 2024, 08:22 am ist.

Elon Musk | Filephoto

New Delhi: SpaceX CEO Elon Musk will likely meet representatives of Indian space companies during his visit to the country next week, according to media reports.

Earlier this month, the tech billionaire in a post on X.com confirmed his visit to India.

“Looking forward to meeting with Prime Minister @NarendraModi in India!” Musk said.

The Tesla CEO will reportedly meet PM Modi "in the week of April 22 in New Delhi".

As per media reports, prominent space startups including Dhruva Space, Skyroot Aerospace, Agnikul Cosmos, and Bellatrix Aerospace have received requests from the government for a meeting with Musk in the national capital.

Musk’s visit may also pave the way for SpaceX’s Starlink and Tesla’s entry into India.

Ahead of the visit, the satellite-based internet service Starlink has received tentative approval from the Ministry of Communications and is awaiting final clearance by the Home Ministry on some security issues.

Musk is also expected to make other big announcements on investments in the country between $2 billion to $3 billion.

India’s space sector has seen tremendous growth in the last 10 years. From just one registered startup in the space sector -- Dhruva Space from Hyderabad in 2012, the country now has close to 200 startups.

Together, these private space startups invested more than Rs 1,000 crore between April to December 2023.

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• Artificial Intelligence

Amazon insists Just Walk Out isn’t secretly run by workers watching you shop

Amazon says human reviewers only annotate shopping data for its cashierless tech..

By Emma Roth , a news writer who covers the streaming wars, consumer tech, crypto, social media, and much more. Previously, she was a writer and editor at MUO.

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Amazon is pushing back on claims that its cashierless Just Walk Out technology is run by humans in India — not AI. In a blog post on Wednesday , the e-commerce giant calls these reports “untrue” and says that a machine learning model powers its system.

Last week, reports started going around that claimed Amazon employs around 1,000 workers in India to watch people shop and review purchases at stores using its Just Walk Out tech. The report claimed that Amazon’s workers had to review around 700 of every 1,000 transactions in 2022, something that isn’t uncommon in the world of AI .

While Amazon insists these reports are “erroneous,” it doesn’t deny that humans aren’t involved with the process at all. Instead, Amazon says its workers are tasked with annotating AI-generated and real shopping data to improve the Just Walk Out system — not run the whole thing. “This is no different than any other AI system that places a high value on accuracy, where human reviewers are common,” Dilip Kumar, the vice president of AWS Applications, writes in the post.

Amazon’s post also appears to confirm reports that the company is pulling back on its Just Walk Out technology. It found that customers “prefer” to use Amazon’s Dash Cart , which automatically tallies up items as you place them inside the cart, in larger grocery stores. In line with those findings, Amazon says it has started expanding its Dash Cart to third-party grocers and all Amazon Fresh stores.

Meanwhile, Amazon says Just Walk Out is better suited for stores with a “curated selection” of products and where customers may only need to purchase a few items. Amazon plans to launch “more small-format third-party Just Walk Out stores in 2024 than any year prior.” It still isn’t giving up on bringing the cashierless tech to larger stores, either. Amazon says it’s working to improve the “latency and accuracy for faster and more reliable receipts,” as well as working on new algorithms and sensors.

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