new research topics mechanical engineering

Top 150 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics [Updated]

Mechanical engineering is an intriguing discipline that holds significant sway in shaping our world. With a focus on crafting inventive machinery and fostering sustainable energy initiatives, mechanical engineers stand as pioneers in driving technological progress. However, to make meaningful contributions to the field, researchers must carefully choose their topics of study. In this blog, we’ll delve into various mechanical engineering research topics, ranging from fundamental principles to emerging trends and interdisciplinary applications.

How to Select Mechanical Engineering Research Topics?

Table of Contents

Selecting the right mechanical engineering research topics is crucial for driving impactful innovation and addressing pressing challenges. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you choose the best research topics:

• Identify Your Interests: Start by considering your passions and areas of expertise within mechanical engineering. What topics excite you the most? Choosing a subject that aligns with your interests will keep you motivated throughout the research process.
• Assess Current Trends: Stay updated on the latest developments and trends in mechanical engineering. Look for emerging technologies, pressing industry challenges, and areas with significant research gaps. These trends can guide you towards relevant and timely research topics.
• Conduct Literature Review: Dive into existing literature and research papers within your field of interest. Identify gaps in knowledge, unanswered questions, or areas that warrant further investigation. Building upon existing research can lead to more impactful contributions to the field.
• Consider Practical Applications: Evaluate the practical implications of potential research topics. How will your research address real-world problems or benefit society? Choosing topics with tangible applications can increase the relevance and impact of your research outcomes.
• Consult with Advisors and Peers: Seek guidance from experienced mentors, advisors, or peers in the field of mechanical engineering. Discuss your research interests and potential topics with them to gain valuable insights and feedback. Their expertise can help you refine your ideas and select the most promising topics.
• Define Research Objectives: Clearly define the objectives and scope of your research. What specific questions do you aim to answer or problems do you intend to solve? Establishing clear research goals will guide your topic selection process and keep your project focused.
• Consider Resources and Constraints: Take into account the resources, expertise, and time available for your research. Choose topics that are feasible within your constraints and align with your available resources. Balancing ambition with practicality is essential for successful research endeavors.
• Brainstorm and Narrow Down Options: Generate a list of potential research topics through brainstorming and exploration. Narrow down your options based on criteria such as relevance, feasibility, and alignment with your interests and goals. Choose the most promising topics that offer ample opportunities for exploration and discovery.
• Seek Feedback and Refinement: Once you’ve identified potential research topics, seek feedback from colleagues, advisors, or experts in the field. Refine your ideas based on their input and suggestions. Iteratively refining your topic selection process will lead to a more robust and well-defined research proposal.
• Stay Flexible and Open-Minded: Remain open to new ideas and opportunities as you progress through the research process. Be willing to adjust your research topic or direction based on new insights, challenges, or discoveries. Flexibility and adaptability are key qualities for successful research endeavors in mechanical engineering.

By following these steps and considering various factors, you can effectively select mechanical engineering research topics that align with your interests, goals, and the needs of the field.

Top 50 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics For Beginners

• Analysis of the efficiency of different heat exchanger designs.
• Optimization of airfoil shapes for enhanced aerodynamic performance.
• Investigation of renewable energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials.
• Development of smart materials for adaptive structures in aerospace applications.
• Study of vibration damping techniques for improving vehicle ride comfort.
• Design and optimization of suspension systems for off-road vehicles.
• Analysis of fluid flow characteristics in microchannels for cooling electronics.
• Evaluation of the performance of different brake systems in automotive vehicles.
• Development of lightweight materials for automotive and aerospace industries.
• Investigation of the effects of friction stir welding parameters on joint properties.
• Design and testing of a small-scale wind turbine for rural electrification.
• Study of the dynamics of flexible multibody systems in robotics.
• Development of a low-cost prosthetic limb using 3D printing technology.
• Analysis of heat transfer in electronic packaging for thermal management.
• Investigation of energy harvesting from vehicle suspension systems.
• Design and optimization of heat sinks for electronic cooling applications.
• Study of material degradation in composite structures under various loading conditions.
• Development of bio-inspired robotic mechanisms for locomotion.
• Investigation of the performance of regenerative braking systems in electric vehicles.
• Design and analysis of an autonomous agricultural robot for crop monitoring.
• Optimization of gas turbine blade profiles for improved efficiency.
• Study of the aerodynamics of animal-inspired flying robots (bio-drones).
• Development of advanced control algorithms for robotic manipulators.
• Analysis of wear mechanisms in mechanical components under different operating conditions.
• Investigation of the efficiency of solar water heating systems.
• Design and optimization of microfluidic devices for biomedical applications.
• Study of the effects of additive manufacturing parameters on part quality.
• Development of assistive devices for individuals with disabilities.
• Analysis of the performance of different types of bearings in rotating machinery.
• Investigation of the feasibility of using shape memory alloys in actuator systems.
• Design and optimization of a compact heat exchanger for space applications.
• Study of the effects of surface roughness on friction and wear in sliding contacts.
• Development of energy-efficient HVAC systems for buildings.
• Analysis of the performance of different types of fuel cells for power generation.
• Investigation of the feasibility of using biofuels in internal combustion engines.
• Design and testing of a micro-scale combustion engine for portable power generation.
• Study of the mechanics of soft materials for biomedical applications.
• Development of exoskeletons for rehabilitation and assistance in mobility.
• Analysis of the effects of vehicle aerodynamics on fuel consumption.
• Investigation of the potential of ocean wave energy harvesting technologies.
• Design and optimization of energy-efficient refrigeration systems.
• Study of the dynamics of flexible structures subjected to dynamic loads.
• Development of sensors and actuators for structural health monitoring.
• Analysis of the performance of different cooling techniques in electronics.
• Investigation of the potential of hydrogen fuel cells for automotive applications.
• Design and testing of a small-scale hydroelectric power generator.
• Study of the mechanics of cellular materials for impact absorption.
• Development of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) for environmental monitoring.
• Analysis of the efficiency of different propulsion systems in space exploration.
• Investigation of the potential of micro-scale energy harvesting technologies for powering wireless sensors.

Top 50 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics For Intermediate

• Optimization of heat exchanger designs for enhanced energy efficiency.
• Investigating the effects of surface roughness on fluid flow in microchannels.
• Development of lightweight materials for automotive applications.
• Modeling and simulation of combustion processes in internal combustion engines.
• Design and analysis of novel wind turbine blade configurations.
• Study of advanced control strategies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
• Analysis of wear and friction in mechanical components under varying operating conditions.
• Investigation of thermal management techniques for high-power electronic devices.
• Development of smart materials for shape memory alloys in actuator applications.
• Design and fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for biomedical applications.
• Optimization of additive manufacturing processes for metal 3D printing.
• Study of fluid-structure interaction in flexible marine structures.
• Analysis of fatigue behavior in composite materials for aerospace applications.
• Development of energy harvesting technologies for sustainable power generation.
• Investigation of bio-inspired robotics for locomotion in challenging environments.
• Study of human factors in the design of ergonomic workstations.
• Design and control of soft robots for delicate manipulation tasks.
• Development of advanced sensor technologies for condition monitoring in rotating machinery.
• Analysis of aerodynamic performance in hypersonic flight vehicles.
• Study of regenerative braking systems for electric vehicles.
• Optimization of cooling systems for high-performance computing (HPC) applications.
• Investigation of fluid dynamics in microfluidic devices for lab-on-a-chip applications.
• Design and optimization of passive and active vibration control systems.
• Analysis of heat transfer mechanisms in nanofluids for thermal management.
• Development of energy-efficient HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems.
• Study of biomimetic design principles for robotic grippers and manipulators.
• Investigation of hydrodynamic performance in marine propeller designs.
• Development of autonomous agricultural robots for precision farming.
• Analysis of wind-induced vibrations in tall buildings and bridges.
• Optimization of material properties for additive manufacturing of aerospace components.
• Study of renewable energy integration in smart grid systems.
• Investigation of fracture mechanics in brittle materials for structural integrity assessment.
• Development of wearable sensors for human motion tracking and biomechanical analysis.
• Analysis of combustion instability in gas turbine engines.
• Optimization of thermal insulation materials for building energy efficiency.
• Study of fluid-structure interaction in flexible wing designs for unmanned aerial vehicles.
• Investigation of heat transfer enhancement techniques in heat exchanger surfaces.
• Development of microscale actuators for micro-robotic systems.
• Analysis of energy storage technologies for grid-scale applications.
• Optimization of manufacturing processes for lightweight automotive structures.
• Study of tribological behavior in lubricated mechanical systems.
• Investigation of fault detection and diagnosis techniques for industrial machinery.
• Development of biodegradable materials for sustainable packaging applications.
• Analysis of heat transfer in porous media for thermal energy storage.
• Optimization of control strategies for robotic manipulation tasks in uncertain environments.
• Study of fluid dynamics in fuel cell systems for renewable energy conversion.
• Investigation of fatigue crack propagation in metallic alloys.
• Development of energy-efficient propulsion systems for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs).
• Analysis of airflow patterns in natural ventilation systems for buildings.
• Optimization of material selection for additive manufacturing of biomedical implants.

Top 50 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics For Advanced

• Development of advanced materials for high-temperature applications
• Optimization of heat exchanger design using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
• Control strategies for enhancing the performance of micro-scale heat transfer devices
• Multi-physics modeling and simulation of thermoelastic damping in MEMS/NEMS devices
• Design and analysis of next-generation turbofan engines for aircraft propulsion
• Investigation of advanced cooling techniques for electronic devices in harsh environments
• Development of novel nanomaterials for efficient energy conversion and storage
• Optimization of piezoelectric energy harvesting systems for powering wireless sensor networks
• Investigation of microscale heat transfer phenomena in advanced cooling technologies
• Design and optimization of advanced composite materials for aerospace applications
• Development of bio-inspired materials for impact-resistant structures
• Exploration of advanced manufacturing techniques for producing complex geometries in aerospace components
• Integration of artificial intelligence algorithms for predictive maintenance in rotating machinery
• Design and optimization of advanced robotics systems for industrial automation
• Investigation of friction and wear behavior in advanced lubricants for high-speed applications
• Development of smart materials for adaptive structures and morphing aircraft wings
• Exploration of advanced control strategies for active vibration damping in mechanical systems
• Design and analysis of advanced wind turbine blade designs for improved energy capture
• Investigation of thermal management solutions for electric vehicle batteries
• Development of advanced sensors for real-time monitoring of structural health in civil infrastructure
• Optimization of additive manufacturing processes for producing high-performance metallic components
• Investigation of advanced corrosion-resistant coatings for marine applications
• Design and analysis of advanced hydraulic systems for heavy-duty machinery
• Exploration of advanced filtration technologies for water purification and wastewater treatment
• Development of advanced prosthetic limbs with biomimetic functionalities
• Investigation of microscale fluid flow phenomena in lab-on-a-chip devices for medical diagnostics
• Optimization of heat transfer in microscale heat exchangers for cooling electronics
• Development of advanced energy-efficient HVAC systems for buildings
• Exploration of advanced propulsion systems for space exploration missions
• Investigation of advanced control algorithms for autonomous vehicles in complex environments
• Development of advanced surgical robots for minimally invasive procedures
• Optimization of advanced suspension systems for improving vehicle ride comfort and handling
• Investigation of advanced materials for 3D printing in aerospace manufacturing
• Development of advanced thermal barrier coatings for gas turbine engines
• Exploration of advanced wear-resistant coatings for cutting tools in machining applications
• Investigation of advanced nanofluids for enhanced heat transfer in cooling applications
• Development of advanced biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
• Exploration of advanced actuators for soft robotics applications
• Investigation of advanced energy storage systems for grid-scale applications
• Development of advanced rehabilitation devices for individuals with mobility impairments
• Exploration of advanced materials for earthquake-resistant building structures
• Investigation of advanced aerodynamic concepts for reducing drag and improving fuel efficiency in vehicles
• Development of advanced microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for biomedical applications
• Exploration of advanced control strategies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
• Investigation of advanced materials for lightweight armor systems
• Development of advanced prosthetic interfaces for improving user comfort and functionality
• Exploration of advanced algorithms for autonomous navigation of underwater vehicles
• Investigation of advanced sensors for detecting and monitoring air pollution
• Development of advanced energy harvesting systems for powering wireless sensor networks
• Exploration of advanced concepts for next-generation space propulsion systems.

Mechanical engineering research encompasses a wide range of topics, from fundamental principles to cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary applications. By choosing the right mechanical engineering research topics and addressing key challenges, researchers can contribute to advancements in various industries and address pressing global issues. As we look to the future, the possibilities for innovation and discovery in mechanical engineering are endless, offering exciting opportunities to shape a better world for generations to come.

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Top 50 Emerging Research Topics in Mechanical Engineering

Explore the forefront of innovation in mechanical engineering

Table of contents

1. additive manufacturing and 3d printing, 2. advanced materials and nanotechnology, 3. robotics and automation, 4. energy systems and sustainability, 5. biomechanics and bioengineering, 6. computational mechanics and simulation, 7. aerospace engineering and aerodynamics, 8. autonomous vehicles and transportation, 9. structural health monitoring and maintenance, 10. manufacturing processes and industry 4.0, top 50 emerging research ideas in mechanical engineering.

Mechanical engineering is a constantly evolving field that shapes our world, from the micro-scale of nanotechnology to the macro-scale of heavy machinery. With technological advancements and societal demands driving innovation, numerous emerging research topics are gaining traction in the domain of mechanical engineering. These areas encompass a wide array of disciplines, promising groundbreaking developments and solutions to complex challenges. Here, iLovePhD presents you a list of the top 50 emerging research topics in the field of Mechanical Engineering.

Explore the forefront of innovation in mechanical engineering with our curated list of the Top 50 Emerging Research Topics. From 3D printing to AI-driven robotics, delve into the latest trends shaping the future of this dynamic field

Multi-Material 3D Printing: Explore techniques for printing with multiple materials in a single process to create complex, multi-functional parts.

In-Situ Monitoring and Control: Develop methods for real-time monitoring and control of the printing process to ensure quality and accuracy.

Bio-printing : Investigate the potential of 3D printing in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Sustainable Materials for Printing : Research new eco-friendly materials and recycling methods for additive manufacturing.

Nanostructured Materials: Study the properties and applications of materials at the nanoscale level for enhanced mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties.

Self-Healing Materials: Explore materials that can repair damage autonomously, extending the lifespan of components.

Graphene-based Technologies: Investigate the potential of graphene in mechanical engineering, including its use in composites, sensors, and energy storage.

Smart Materials: Research materials that can adapt their properties in response to environmental stimuli, such as shape memory alloys.

Soft Robotics: Explore the development of robots using soft and flexible materials, enabling safer human-robot interactions and versatile applications.

Collaborative Robots (Cobots ): Investigate the integration of robots that can work alongside humans in various industries, enhancing productivity and safety.

Autonomous Systems: Research algorithms and systems for autonomous navigation and decision-making in robotic applications.

Robot Learning and Adaptability: Explore machine learning and AI techniques to enable robots to learn and adapt to dynamic environments.

Renewable Energy Integration: Study the integration of renewable energy sources into mechanical systems, focusing on efficiency and reliability.

Energy Storage Solutions: Investigate advanced energy storage technologies, such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells for various applications.

Waste Heat Recovery: Research methods to efficiently capture and utilize waste heat from industrial processes for energy generation.

Sustainable Design and Manufacturing: Explore methodologies for sustainable product design and manufacturing processes to minimize environmental impact.

Prosthetics and Orthotics: Develop advanced prosthetic devices that mimic natural movement and enhance the quality of life for users.

Biomimicry: Study natural systems to inspire engineering solutions for various applications, such as materials, structures, and robotics.

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Explore methods for creating functional tissues and organs using engineering principles.

Biomechanics of Human Movement: Research the mechanics and dynamics of human movement to optimize sports performance or prevent injuries.

Multi-scale Modelling: Develop models that span multiple length and time scales to simulate complex mechanical behaviors accurately.

High-Performance Computing in Mechanics: Explore the use of supercomputing and parallel processing for large-scale simulations.

Virtual Prototyping: Develop and validate virtual prototypes to reduce physical testing in product development.

Machine Learning in Simulation: Explore the use of machine learning algorithms to optimize simulations and model complex behaviors.

Advanced Aircraft Design: Investigate novel designs that enhance fuel efficiency, reduce emissions, and improve performance.

Hypersonic Flight and Space Travel: Research technologies for hypersonic and space travel, focusing on propulsion and thermal management.

Aerodynamics and Flow Control: Study methods to control airflow for improved efficiency and reduced drag in various applications.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Explore applications and technologies for unmanned aerial vehicles, including surveillance, delivery, and agriculture.

Vehicular Automation: Develop systems for autonomous vehicles, focusing on safety, decision-making, and infrastructure integration.

Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Investigate advanced technologies for electric and hybrid vehicles, including energy management and charging infrastructure.

Smart Traffic Management: Research systems and algorithms for optimizing traffic flow and reducing congestion in urban areas.

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communication: Explore communication systems for vehicles to interact with each other and with the surrounding infrastructure for enhanced safety and efficiency.

Sensor Technologies: Develop advanced sensors for real-time monitoring of structural health in buildings, bridges, and infrastructure.

Predictive Maintenance: Implement predictive algorithms to anticipate and prevent failures in mechanical systems before they occur.

Wireless Monitoring Systems: Research wireless and remote monitoring systems for structural health, enabling continuous surveillance.

Robotic Inspection and Repair: Investigate robotic systems for inspection and maintenance of hard-to-reach or hazardous structures.

Digital Twin Technology: Develop and implement digital twins for real-time monitoring and optimization of manufacturing processes.

Internet of Things (IoT) in Manufacturing: Explore IoT applications in manufacturing for process optimization and quality control.

Smart Factories: Research the development of interconnected, intelligent factories that optimize production and resource usage.

Cybersecurity in Manufacturing: Investigate robust Cybersecurity measures for safeguarding interconnected manufacturing systems from potential threats.

• Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing: Exploring novel materials, processes, and applications for 3D printing in manufacturing, aerospace, healthcare, etc.
• Advanced Composite Materials: Developing lightweight, durable, and high-strength composite materials for various engineering applications.
• Biomechanics and Bioengineering: Research focusing on understanding human movement, tissue engineering, and biomedical devices.
• Renewable Energy Systems: Innovations in wind, solar, and hydrokinetic energy, including optimization of energy generation and storage.
• Smart Materials and Structures: Research on materials that can adapt their properties in response to environmental stimuli.
• Robotics and Automation: Enhancing automation in manufacturing, including collaborative robots, AI-driven systems, and human-robot interaction.
• Energy Harvesting and Conversion: Extracting energy from various sources and converting it efficiently for practical use.
• Micro- and Nano-mechanics: Studying mechanical behavior at the micro and nanoscale for miniaturized devices and systems.
• Cyber-Physical Systems: Integration of computational algorithms and physical processes to create intelligent systems.
• Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things (IoT): Utilizing IoT and data analytics in manufacturing for predictive maintenance, quality control, and process optimization.
• Thermal Management Systems: Developing efficient cooling and heating technologies for electronic devices and power systems.
• Sustainable Manufacturing and Design: Focus on reducing environmental impact and improving efficiency in manufacturing processes.
• Artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Systems: Applying AI for design optimization, predictive maintenance, and decision-making in mechanical systems.
• Adaptive Control Systems: Systems that can autonomously adapt to changing conditions for improved performance.
• Friction Stir Welding and Processing: Advancements in solid-state joining processes for various materials.
• Hybrid and Electric Vehicles: Research on improving efficiency, battery technology, and infrastructure for electric vehicles.
• Aeroelasticity and Flight Dynamics: Understanding the interaction between aerodynamics and structural dynamics for aerospace applications.
• MEMS/NEMS (Micro/Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems): Developing tiny mechanical devices and sensors for various applications.
• Soft Robotics and Bio-inspired Machines: Creating robots and machines with more flexible and adaptive structures.
• Wearable Technology and Smart Fabrics: Integration of mechanical systems in wearable devices and textiles for various purposes.
• Human-Machine Interface: Designing intuitive interfaces for better interaction between humans and machines.
• Precision Engineering and Metrology: Advancements in accurate measurement and manufacturing techniques.
• Multifunctional Materials: Materials designed to serve multiple purposes or functions in various applications.
• Ergonomics and Human Factors in Design: Creating products and systems considering human comfort, safety, and usability.
• Cybersecurity in Mechanical Systems: Protecting interconnected mechanical systems from cyber threats.
• Supply Chain Optimization in Manufacturing: Applying engineering principles to streamline and improve supply chain logistics.
• Drones and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Research on their design, propulsion, autonomy, and applications in various industries.
• Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructure: Developing infrastructure that can withstand natural disasters and environmental changes.
• Space Exploration Technologies: Advancements in propulsion, materials, and systems for space missions.
• Hydrogen Economy and Fuel Cells: Research into hydrogen-based energy systems and fuel cell technology.
• Tribology and Surface Engineering: Study of friction, wear, and lubrication for various mechanical systems.
• Digital Twin Technology: Creating virtual models of physical systems for analysis and optimization.
• Electric Propulsion Systems for Satellites: Improving efficiency and performance of electric propulsion for space applications.
• Humanitarian Engineering: Using engineering to address societal challenges in resource-constrained areas.
• Optimization and Design of Exoskeletons: Creating better wearable robotic devices to assist human movement.
• Nanotechnology in Mechanical Engineering: Utilizing nanomaterials and devices for mechanical applications.
• Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip Devices: Developing small-scale fluid-handling devices for various purposes.
• Clean Water Technologies: Engineering solutions for clean water production, treatment, and distribution.
• Circular Economy and Sustainable Design: Designing products and systems for a circular economic model.
• Biologically Inspired Design: Drawing inspiration from nature to design more efficient and sustainable systems.
• Energy-Efficient HVAC Systems: Innovations in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning for energy savings.
• Advanced Heat Exchangers: Developing more efficient heat transfer systems for various applications.
• Acoustic Metamaterials and Noise Control: Designing materials and systems to control and manipulate sound.
• Smart Grid Technology: Integrating advanced technologies into power grids for efficiency and reliability.
• Renewable Energy Integration in Mechanical Systems: Optimizing the integration of renewable energy sources into various mechanical systems.
• Smart Cities and Infrastructure: Applying mechanical engineering principles to design and develop sustainable urban systems.
• Biomimetic Engineering: Mimicking biological systems to develop innovative engineering solutions.
• Machine Learning for Materials Discovery: Using machine learning to discover new materials with desired properties.
• Health Monitoring Systems for Structures: Developing systems for real-time monitoring of structural health and integrity.
• Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in Mechanical Design: Utilizing VR and AR technologies for design, simulation, and maintenance of mechanical systems.

Mechanical engineering is a vast and dynamic field with ongoing technological advancements, and the above list represents a glimpse of the diverse research areas that drive innovation. Researchers and engineers in this field continue to push boundaries, solving complex problems and shaping the future of technology and society through their pioneering work. The evolution and interdisciplinary nature of mechanical engineering ensure that new and exciting research topics will continue to emerge, providing solutions to challenges and opportunities yet to be discovered.

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Mechanical engineering articles within Nature

Article | 17 April 2024

Corner- and edge-mode enhancement of near-field radiative heat transfer

Near-field radiative heat transfer between two coplanar silicon carbide membranes in close proximity is enhanced by the electromagnetic corner and edge modes.

• , Lívia M. Corrêa
•  &  Chris Dames

Article | 03 April 2024

Shell buckling for programmable metafluids

A metafluid with programmable compressibility, optical behaviour and viscosity is realized by mixing deformable spherical shells that undergo buckling within an incompressible fluid; the versatility of these metafluids opens up numerous opportunities for functionality.

• Adel Djellouli
• , Bert Van Raemdonck
•  &  Katia Bertoldi

Article | 20 March 2024

Non-reciprocal topological solitons in active metamaterials

A local driving mechanism for solitons that accelerates both solitons and antisolitons in the same direction, called non-reciprocal driving, is introduced, showing a subtle interplay between non-reciprocity and topological solitons and providing waveguiding and wave-processing possibilities for other fields.

• Jonas Veenstra
• , Oleksandr Gamayun
•  &  Corentin Coulais

Article 13 March 2024 | Open Access

Roll-to-roll, high-resolution 3D printing of shape-specific particles

We introduce a scalable, high-resolution, 3D printing technique for the fabrication of shape-specific particles based on roll-to-roll continuous liquid interface production, enabling direct integration within biomedical, analytical and advanced materials applications.

• Jason M. Kronenfeld
• , Lukas Rother
•  &  Joseph M. DeSimone

Article | 28 February 2024

High fatigue resistance in a titanium alloy via near-void-free 3D printing

We successfully rebuild an approximate void-free additive manufacturing microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy by the development of a void-free additive manufacturing processing technique through an understanding of the asynchronism of phase transformation and grain growth.

• , Zhenjun Zhang
•  &  Zhefeng Zhang

Article 21 February 2024 | Open Access

Avoiding fusion plasma tearing instability with deep reinforcement learning

Artificial intelligence control is used to avoid the emergence of disruptive tearing instabilities in the magnetically confined fusion plasma in the DIII-D tokamak reactor.

• , SangKyeun Kim
•  &  Egemen Kolemen

Article 31 January 2024 | Open Access

High-quality semiconductor fibres via mechanical design

A mechanical design is developed for the fabrication of ultralong, fracture-free and perturbation-free semiconductor fibres to address the increasing demand for flexible and wearable optoelectronics.

• Zhixun Wang
•  &  Lei Wei

Article | 13 December 2023

Multiscale stress deconcentration amplifies fatigue resistance of rubber

A rubber in which highly entangled long polymers strongly adhere with rigid particles deconcentrates stress across multiple scales, amplifying the fatigue threshold.

• Jason Steck
• , Junsoo Kim
•  &  Zhigang Suo

Article 15 November 2023 | Open Access

Vision-controlled jetting for composite systems and robots

We have developed an automated and high-throughput, three-dimensional, vision-controlled inkjet deposition process that enables the high-resolution, contactless printing of a range of materials with varying elastic moduli to create complex structures and robots.

• Thomas J. K. Buchner
• , Simon Rogler
•  &  Robert K. Katzschmann

Article 04 October 2023 | Open Access

Bridging two insect flight modes in evolution, physiology and robophysics

Asynchronous flight in all major groups of insects likely arose from a single common ancestor with reversions to a synchronous flight mode enabled by shifts back and forth between different regimes in the same set of dynamic parameters.

• , James Lynch
•  &  Simon Sponberg

Article | 20 September 2023

Multistable sheets with rewritable patterns for switchable shape-morphing

To demonstrate the power of multistability, a specific class of groovy metasheets is introduced as a new shape-morphing platform that allows repeated switching from the flat state to multiple, precisely selected and stable three-dimensional shapes.

• A. S. Meeussen
•  &  M. van Hecke

Article | 06 September 2023

Turbulence suppression by cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow

Turbulence can be reduced by more than 25% in ordinary pipe flow by unsteady, pulsatile driving specifically mimicking the cardiac cycle and extending this method to large Reynolds numbers.

• D. Scarselli
• , J. M. Lopez
•  &  B. Hof

Article 30 August 2023 | Open Access

Champion-level drone racing using deep reinforcement learning

An autonomous system is described that combines deep reinforcement learning with onboard sensors collecting data from the physical world, enabling it to fly faster than human world champion drone pilots around a race track.

• Elia Kaufmann
• , Leonard Bauersfeld
•  &  Davide Scaramuzza

Article | 09 August 2023

Solid-body trajectoids shaped to roll along desired pathways

An algorithm is developed to design a shape, a trajectoid, that can trace any given infinite periodic trajectory when rolling down a slope, finding unexpected implications for quantum and classical optics.

• Yaroslav I. Sobolev
• , Ruoyu Dong
•  &  Bartosz A. Grzybowski

Article 10 May 2023 | Open Access

High-throughput printing of combinatorial materials from aerosols

The authors report a high-throughput combinatorial printing method capable of fabricating materials with compositional gradients at microscale spatial resolution, demonstrating a variety of high-throughput printing strategies and applications in combinatorial doping, functional grading and chemical reaction.

• Minxiang Zeng
•  &  Yanliang Zhang

Article | 22 March 2023

Dense reinforcement learning for safety validation of autonomous vehicles

An intelligent environment has been developed for testing the safety performance of autonomous vehicles and its effectiveness has been demonstrated for highway and urban test tracks in an augmented-reality environment.

• , Haowei Sun
•  &  Henry X. Liu

Article | 15 February 2023

Autonomous self-burying seed carriers for aerial seeding

A study describes a wood-based, three-tailed, biodegradable seed carrier that self-drills into the ground in response to moisture fluctuations with a success rate higher than that of natural self-drilling seeds.

• , Aditi Maheshwari
•  &  Lining Yao

Article | 23 November 2022

Anomalous thermal transport under high pressure in boron arsenide

Competition between three- and four-phonon scattering processes is shown to be the source of a unique anomalous thermal conductivity in boron arsenide at high pressures.

• , Zihao Qin
•  &  Yongjie Hu

Article | 12 October 2022

Multi-environment robotic transitions through adaptive morphogenesis

A design strategy termed ‘adaptive morphogenesis’ enables a robot inspired by aquatic and terrestrial turtles to adapt its limb morphology and gait to specialize for locomotion in different environments.

• Robert Baines
• , Sree Kalyan Patiballa
•  &  Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio

Article 12 October 2022 | Open Access

Personalizing exoskeleton assistance while walking in the real world

A portable ankle exoskeleton uses a data-driven method and wearable sensors to adapt to the user as they walk in a natural setting.

• Patrick Slade
• , Mykel J. Kochenderfer
•  &  Steven H. Collins

Fast charging of energy-dense lithium-ion batteries

A new approach to charging energy-dense electric vehicle batteries, using temperature modulation with a dual-salt electrolyte, promises a range in excess of 500,000 miles using only rapid (under 12 minute) charges.

• Chao-Yang Wang
•  &  Brian D. McCarthy

Article | 21 September 2022

A dynamically reprogrammable surface with self-evolving shape morphing

The work presents a reprogrammable metasurface, constructed from a matrix of filamentary metal traces, that can precisely and rapidly morph into a wide range of target shapes and dynamic shape processes.

• , Heling Wang
•  &  Xiaoyue Ni

Article | 24 August 2022

Mechanical integrated circuit materials

A mechanical integrated circuit material based on Boolean mathematics and reconfigurable electrical circuits is created to demonstrate scalable information processing in synthetic, engineered soft matter.

• Charles El Helou
• , Benjamin Grossmann
•  &  Ryan L. Harne

Article | 03 August 2022

Strong yet ductile nanolamellar high-entropy alloys by additive manufacturing

An additive manufacturing strategy is used to produce dual-phase nanolamellar high-entropy alloys that show a combination of enhanced high yield strength and high tensile ductility.

• , Yin Zhang
•  &  Wen Chen

Article | 01 June 2022

Intermittent lab earthquakes in dynamically weakening fault gouge

Lab experiments show that spontaneously propagating ruptures navigate fault regions through intermittent slip with dramatic friction evolution, providing support that weakening mechanisms may allow ruptures to break through stable faults.

• , N. Lapusta
•  &  A. J. Rosakis

Article | 25 May 2022

Cilia metasurfaces for electronically programmable microfluidic manipulation

Artificial cilia composed of surface electrochemical actuators are combined in arrays to create arbitrary flow patterns in liquids, and, when integrated with light-powered CMOS circuits, enable programmable wireless operation at low voltage.

• , Qingkun Liu
•  &  Itai Cohen

Article | 27 April 2022

Engineered jumpers overcome biological limits via work multiplication

A comparison of the energetics of jumping between biological and engineered systems shows that engineered systems can greatly increase energy limits using the process of work multiplication, and this analysis leads to the demonstration of a 30-centimetre device jumping over 30 metres.

• Elliot W. Hawkes
• , Charles Xiao
•  &  Günter Niemeyer

Perspective | 16 February 2022

Towards enduring autonomous robots via embodied energy

The concept of 'Embodied Energy'—in which the components of a robot or device both store energy and provide a mechanical or structural function—is put forward, along with specific robot-design principles.

• Cameron A. Aubin
• , Benjamin Gorissen
•  &  Robert F. Shepherd

Article | 26 January 2022

Inhibiting the Leidenfrost effect above 1,000 °C for sustained thermal cooling

Structured thermal armours on the surface of a solid inhibit the Leidenfrost effect, even when heated to temperatures in excess of 1,000 °C, pointing the way towards new cooling strategies for high-temperature solids.

• Mengnan Jiang
• , Yang Wang
•  &  Zuankai Wang

Article 19 January 2022 | Open Access

Novel flight style and light wings boost flight performance of tiny beetles

Three-dimensional reconstructions of morphology and flight mechanics of the beetle Paratuposa placentis reveal adaptations that enable extremely small insects to fly at speeds similar to those of much larger insects.

• Sergey E. Farisenkov
• , Dmitry Kolomenskiy
•  &  Alexey A. Polilov

Article | 10 November 2021

Bubble casting soft robotics

An all-in-one methodology for fabricating soft robotics reported here uses interfacial flows in elastomers that cure to produce actuators that can be tailored to suit applications from artificial muscles to grippers.

• Trevor J. Jones
• , Etienne Jambon-Puillet
•  &  P.-T. Brun

Article | 03 November 2021

Drop-in fuels from sunlight and air

Carbon-neutral hydrocarbon fuels can be produced using sunlight and air via a thermochemical solar fuel production chain, thus representing a pathway towards the long-term decarbonization of the aviation sector.

• Remo Schäppi
• , David Rutz
•  &  Aldo Steinfeld

Article | 20 October 2021

Dexterous magnetic manipulation of conductive non-magnetic objects

Time-varying magnetic fields can be used to manipulate the position and orientation of conductive non-magnetic objects.

• Lan N. Pham
• , Griffin F. Tabor
•  &  Jake J. Abbott

Perspective | 06 October 2021

Mechanical computing

Computing approaches based on mechanical mechanisms are discussed, with a view towards a framework in which adaptable materials and structures act as a distributed information processing network.

• Hiromi Yasuda
• , Philip R. Buskohl
•  &  Jordan R. Raney

Article | 22 September 2021

Three-dimensional electronic microfliers inspired by wind-dispersed seeds

With a design inspired by wind-dispersed seeds, a series of three-dimensional passive fliers at the macro-, meso- and microscale are realized that can bear active electronic payloads.

• Bong Hoon Kim
•  &  John A. Rogers

Article | 11 August 2021

Structured fabrics with tunable mechanical properties

A structured fabric constructed of linked hollow polyhedral particles (resembling chain mail) can be simply and reversibly tuned between flexible and rigid states; when it is compressed, its linked particles become jammed.

• , Liuchi Li
•  &  Chiara Daraio

Article | 02 June 2021

Intrinsic toughening and stable crack propagation in hexagonal boron nitride

Single-crystal monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is unexpectedly tough owing to its asymmetric lattice structure, which facilitates repeated crack deflection, crack branching and edge swapping, enhancing energy dissipation.

• Yingchao Yang
• , Zhigong Song
•  &  Jun Lou

Article | 21 April 2021

Multistable inflatable origami structures at the metre scale

Origami-inspired multistable structures that can be inflated from flat to three dimensions have been designed; a library of foldable shapes is created and then combined to build metre-scale functional structures.

• David Melancon

Article | 14 April 2021

Liquid-induced topological transformations of cellular microstructures

A two-tiered dynamic design strategy achieves topological transformations of two-dimensional polymeric cellular microstructures in a reversible and temporally controllable manner through exposure to different liquids.

• , Bolei Deng
•  &  Joanna Aizenberg

Article | 03 March 2021

Self-powered soft robot in the Mariana Trench

A free-swimming soft robot inspired by deep-sea creatures, with artificial muscle, power and control electronics spread across a polymer matrix, successfully adapts to high pressure and operates in the deep ocean.

• , Xiangping Chen
•  &  Wei Yang

Perspective | 03 February 2021

Developing fibrillated cellulose as a sustainable technological material

Opportunities for the application of fibrillated cellulose materials—which can be extracted from renewable resources—and broader manufacturing issues of scale-up, sustainability and synergy with the paper-making industry are discussed.

• , Chaoji Chen
•  &  Liangbing Hu

Article | 11 November 2020

Ultra-sensitive and resilient compliant strain gauges for soft machines

Strain gauges with both high sensitivity and high mechanical resilience, based on strain-mediated contact in anisotropically resistive structures, are demonstrated within a sensor-integrated, textile-based sleeve that can recognize human hand motions via muscle deformations.

• Oluwaseun A. Araromi
• , Moritz A. Graule
•  &  Robert J. Wood

Article | 21 October 2020

Toughening mechanisms of the elytra of the diabolical ironclad beetle

A jigsaw-style configuration of interlocking structures identified in the elytra of the remarkably tough diabolical ironclad beetle, Phloeodes diabolicus , is used to inspire crush-resistant multilayer composites for engineering joints.

• Jesus Rivera
• , Maryam Sadat Hosseini
•  &  David Kisailus

Article | 09 September 2020

Co-designing electronics with microfluidics for more sustainable cooling

Cooling efficiency is greatly increased by directly embedding liquid cooling into electronic chips, using microfluidics-based heat sinks that are designed in conjunction with the electronics within the same semiconductor substrate.

• Remco van Erp
• , Reza Soleimanzadeh
•  &  Elison Matioli

Article | 26 August 2020

Electronically integrated, mass-manufactured, microscopic robots

A new class of voltage-controllable electrochemical actuators that are compatible with silicon processing are used to produce over one million sub-hundred-micrometre walking robots on a single four-inch wafer.

• Marc Z. Miskin
• , Alejandro J. Cortese

Vulnerability of Antarctica’s ice shelves to meltwater-driven fracture

Using a neural network trained on continent-wide data and a fracture model, the ice shelves in Antarctica that may be prone to hydrofracturing under further atmospheric warming are identified.

• Ching-Yao Lai
• , Jonathan Kingslake
•  &  J. Melchior van Wessem

Article | 24 June 2020

High-strength Damascus steel by additive manufacturing

A Damascus-like steel consisting of alternating hard and soft layers is created by using a laser additive manufacturing technique and digital control of the processing parameters.

• Philipp Kürnsteiner
• , Markus Benjamin Wilms
•  &  Dierk Raabe

Article | 08 April 2020

Layered nanocomposites by shear-flow-induced alignment of nanosheets

Layered nanocomposites fabricated using a continuous and scalable process achieve properties exceeding those of natural nacre, the result of stiffened matrix polymer chains confined between highly aligned nanosheets.

• Chuangqi Zhao
• , Pengchao Zhang
•  &  Lei Jiang

Article | 24 February 2020

High-pressure strengthening in ultrafine-grained metals

High-pressure diamond anvil cell experiments reveal that compression strengthening of nanocrystalline nickel increases as its grain sizes decrease to 3 nanometres, owing to dislocation hardening and suppression of grain boundary plasticity.

• Xiaoling Zhou
• , Zongqiang Feng
•  &  Bin Chen

Article | 05 February 2020

A droplet-based electricity generator with high instantaneous power density

A device involving a polytetrafluoroethylene film, an indium tin oxide substrate and an aluminium electrode allows improved electricity generation from water droplets, which bridge the previously disconnected circuit components.

• Wanghuai Xu
• , Huanxi Zheng

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Graduate student Alan (Jialiang) Zhao develop a long, curved touch, finger shaped sensor that could enable a robot to grasp and manipulate objects in multiple ways.

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Horizons in Mechanical Engineering 2022

Review 19 July 2023 Hydraulic accumulators in energy efficient circuits Gustavo Koury Costa  and  Nariman Sepehri 1,551 views 0 citations

Loading... Review 24 April 2023 Legged robots for object manipulation: A review Yifeng Gong ,  6 more  and  Kathryn A. Daltorio 11,885 views 2 citations

Loading... Review 04 January 2023 The world is burning: What exactly are firebrands and why should anyone care? Samuel L. Manzello  and  Sayaka Suzuki 8,348 views 4 citations

Review 01 November 2022 A review on flexion angle in high-flexion total knee arthroplasty for indonesian’s need D. Darmanto ,  4 more  and  A. P. Bayuseno 3,099 views 1 citations

Loading... Review 08 September 2022 Hybridization in wire arc additive manufacturing Sajan Kapil ,  1 more  and  Ritam Sarma 4,792 views 5 citations

Review 02 September 2022 Advances in assembled micro- and nanoscale mechanical contact probes James L. Mead ,  2 more  and  Sergej Fatikow 3,439 views 3 citations

Loading... Review 12 August 2022 Progress in Superlubricity Across Different Media and Material Systems—A Review Aditya Ayyagari ,  2 more  and  Ali Erdemir 6,449 views 17 citations

Articles on Mechanical engineering

Displaying all articles.

3D printing promises more efficient ways to make custom explosives and rocket propellants

Monique McClain , Purdue University

Putting a price on exoskeleton assistance puts users in the driver’s seat of honing the tech

Elliott Rouse , University of Michigan

Do you crush microbes when you step on them?

Ashok Prasad , Colorado State University and Kenneth F. Reardon , Colorado State University

Titan submersible disaster underscores dangers of deep-sea exploration – an engineer explains why most ocean science is conducted with crewless submarines

Nina Mahmoudian , Purdue University

Peanut butter is a liquid – the physics of this and other unexpected fluids

Ted Heindel , Iowa State University

A new type of material called a mechanical neural network can learn and change its physical properties to create adaptable, strong structures

Ryan H. Lee , University of California, Los Angeles

Brain wrinkles and folds matter – researchers are studying the mechanics of how they form

Mir Jalil Razavi , Binghamton University, State University of New York and Weiying Dai , Binghamton University, State University of New York

How a professor learned to bring compassion to engineering and design

Tahira Reid , Purdue University

Curved origami offers a creative route to making robots and other mechanical devices

Hanqing Jiang , Arizona State University and Zirui Zhai , Arizona State University

Leonardo da Vinci revisited: how a 15th century artist dissected the human machine

Susan Broomhall , The University of Western Australia and Ivan Marusic , The University of Melbourne

Energy-recycling stairs could add a spring to your step

Lena Ting , Emory University

Setting robots in motion, quickly and efficiently

Daniel Sorin , Duke University and George Konidaris , Duke University

How to build the world’s fastest car

Phil Spiers , University of Sheffield

Scientists at work: cracking sea lions’ high-thrust , low-wake swimming technique

Megan Leftwich , George Washington University

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MIT researchers have developed a new type of spring-like device that uses a flexible element to help power biohybrid robots, reports Brian Heater for TechCrunch . “The muscle fiber/flexure system can be applied to various kinds of robots in different sizes,” Heater writes, adding that the researchers are, “focused on creating extremely small robots that could one day operate inside the body to perform minimally invasive procedures.”

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Prof. Kripa Varanasi co-founded Alsym Energy, a startup “developing rechargeable batteries that won’t be based  on lithium or cobalt,” reports Hiawatha Bray for The Boston Globe . “The founders said they expect to build batteries that match the performance of today’s lithium-ion cells but at about half the cost,” writes Bray.

NASA astronaut Christopher Williams PhD '12 shares his excitement over the upcoming solar eclipse with Space.com Elizabeth Howell, noting he is most excited that the celestial event will provide unique views of the sun’s outer atmosphere. Williams previously conducted radio astronomy research and helped build the Murchison Widefield Array in Australia during his time at MIT. "It was an incredible experience, because I got to both work on the cosmology and the science behind that,” recalls Williams. 

Prof. Emeritus Donald Sadoway co-founded Boston Metal, an MIT startup that has developed a carbon-free steel manufacturing process, reports Amy Feldman for Forbes . “Boston Metal’s process – which uses an electricity conducting, molten-metal proof anode to liquify iron ore, separating the pure metal without harmful byproducts – allows factories to create carbon-free steel as long as they use a clean energy source, such as hydroelectric power,” explains Feldman. “It also can create steel from lower-grade ores rather than relying on scarce high-grade ones. That’s an important advantage in terms of both cost and availability compared to other methods of making green steel, according to the company.”

TechCrunch reporter Haje Jan Kamps spotlights AgZen, an MIT startup that has developed a new tool that optimizes the use of pesticides to avoid over application. “The real winner in all of this may prove to be public health and the environment,” writes Jan Kamps. “By reducing foliar pesticide usage by 30% to 50%, AgZen’s technology might help mitigate [environmental] impacts, aligning with the critical need for improved spray efficiency highlighted in recent reports.”

Researchers at MIT and elsewhere have developed a machine-learning model that can identify which drugs should not be taken together, reports  Politico . “The researchers built a model to measure how intestinal tissue absorbed certain commonly used drugs,” they write. “They then trained a machine-learning algorithm based on their new data and existing drug databases, teaching the new algorithm to predict which drugs would interact with which transporter proteins.”

Omar Abudayyeh '12, PhD '18 and Jonathan Gootenberg '13 speak with Robert Weisman at  The Boston Globe  about their deep-rooted working relationship, which began as undergraduates at MIT and has gone on to include joint appointments at the McGovern and Broad Institutes and multiple startups. “Science is difficult, and it’s great to have someone to do it with,” said Gootenberg. “You got to work with people you enjoy hanging out with.”  

AuntMinnie.com

Prof. Xuanhe Zhao speaks with Amerigo Allegretto of AuntMinnie.com about his work developing a new ultrasound sticker that can measure the stiffness of internal organs and could one day be used for early detection and diagnosis of disease. “Due to the huge potential of measuring the rigidity of deep internal organs, we believe we can use this to monitor organ health,” Zhao explains.

Prof. Nicholas Makris speaks with USA Today reporter Phaedra Trethan about the oceanic challenges that may impact the search for Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan’s plane. The plane "is lost in the darkens of the ocean,” says Makris. “The sound (from sonar equipment) takes the darkness out, but it’s so far down that, from the surface, it can look like a speck.”

BostInno reporter Isabel Tehan spotlights how MIT researchers have developed a model to predict how different shoes will impact different individual runners. “The model takes into account runner height, weight and other body dimensions, and the properties of the shoes — including stiffness or springiness — and can predict how that individual would run in a particular pair of shoes,” writes Tehan. “Ideally, we could make a shoe that's right for you and the way you run,” explains postdoc Sarah Fay.

Writing for The Boston Globe , Prof. Gang Chen emphasizes the harm caused by the “China Initiative.” Chen notes that “some initiatives by the government, such as the China Initiative and the National Institutes of Health’s investigation into academics’ collaborations with China, weaken rather than strengthen US national security. American scientific prowess has been built on the United States’ ability to attract the best and the brightest minds from around the world.” He adds that the China Initiative has been deterring scientists from pursuing their research and careers in the United States.”

Scientific American

Scientific American reporter Payal Dhar spotlights how MIT engineers developed a beating, biorobotic replica of the human heart that could be used to “simulate the workings of both a healthy organ and a diseased one.” The replica, "which pumps a clear fluid instead of blood, is hooked up to instruments that measure blood flow, blood pressure, and more," writes Dhar. "It’s also customizable: the user can change the heart rate, blood pressure and other parameters, then watch how these changes affect the heart’s function in real time.”

Smithsonian Magazine

Smithsonian Magazine reporter Sarah Kuta spotlights MIT researchers and their work in developing an ingestible vibrating pill that simulates the feeling of being full. The device “could someday offer an obesity treatment that doesn’t rely on standard medications or surgery,” writes Kuta.

MIT researchers have created a vibrating capsule that can send signals to the brain to simulate the sensation of being full, reports Brian Heater for TechCrunch . “The capsule, which is roughly the size of a standard multi-vitamin, contains a vibrating motor, powered by a silver oxide battery,” explains Heater. “After reaching the stomach, gastric acid dissolves the outside layer and completes the circuit, kickstarting the vibration.”

Researchers at MIT have developed a vibrating pill that “significantly reduces food consumption by mimicking the feeling of fullness,” reports Arianna Johnson for Forbes . Researchers believe, “the pill can be used as a cheaper, noninvasive option to treat obesity and other weight-related illnesses,” writes Johnson.

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Stanford’s Department of Mechanical Engineering (ME) works in four major research areas: computational engineering, design, sustainability, and human health. Our research philosophy is simple: Push the limits of the possible — the ultra-efficient and most sustainable, the fully autonomous and super-controlled, the bioinspired and maximally enduring.

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The Best Mechanical Engineering Dissertation Topics and Titles

Published by Carmen Troy at January 5th, 2023 , Revised On August 18, 2023

Introduction 

Engineering is a vast subject that encompasses different branches for a student to choose from. Mechanical engineering is one of these branches. Writing a mechanical engineering dissertation from scratch is a difficult task due to the complexities involved, but the job is still not impossible.

Are you looking to select the best mechanical engineering dissertation topic for your dissertation? To help you get started with brainstorming for mechanical engineering dissertation topics, we have developed a list of the latest topics that can be used for writing your mechanical engineering dissertation.

These topics have been developed by PhD qualified  writers of our team , so you can trust to use these topics for drafting your own dissertation.

You may also want to start your dissertation by requesting  a brief research proposal  from our writers on any of these topics, which includes an  introduction  to the topic,  research question , aim and objectives,  literature review , along with the proposed  methodology  of research to be conducted.  Let us know  if you need any help in getting started.

Check our  dissertation example to get an idea of  how to structure your dissertation .

Review step by step guide on how to write your own dissertation  here.

2022 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics

Topic 1: an investigation into the applications of iot in autonomous and connected vehicles.

Research Aim: The research aims to investigate the applications of IoT in autonomous and connected vehicles

Objectives:

• To analyse the applications of IoT in mechanical engineering
• To evaluate the communication technologies in autonomous and connected vehicles.
• To investigate how IoT facilitates the interaction of smart devices in autonomous and connected vehicles

Topic 2: Evaluation of the impact of combustion of alternative liquid fuels on the internal combustion engines of automobiles

Research Aim: The research aims to evaluate the impact of the combustion of alternative liquid fuels on the internal combustion engines of automobiles

• To analyse the types of alternative liquid fuels for vehicles and their implications
• To investigate the benchmarking of alternative liquid fuels based on the principles of combustion performance.
• To evaluate the impact of combustion of alternative liquid fuels on the internal combustion engines of automobiles with conventional engines

Topic 3: An evaluation of the design and control effectiveness of production engineering on rapid prototyping and intelligent manufacturing

Research Aim: The research aims to evaluate the design and control effectiveness of production engineering on rapid prototyping and intelligent manufacturing

• To analyse the principles of design and control effectiveness of production engineering.
• To determine the principles of rapid prototyping and intelligent manufacturing for ensuring quality and performance effectiveness
• To evaluate the impact of production engineering on the design and control effectiveness of rapid prototyping and intelligent manufacturing.

Topic 4: Investigating the impact of industrial quality control on the quality, reliability and maintenance in industrial manufacturing

Research Aim: The research aims to investigate the impact of industrial quality control on the quality, reliability and maintenance in industrial manufacturing

• To analyse the concept and international standards associated with industrial quality control.
• To determine the strategies of maintaining quality, reliability and maintenance in manufacturing.
• To investigate the impact of industrial quality control on the quality, reliability and maintenance in industrial manufacturing.

Topic 5: Analysis of the impact of AI on intelligent control and precision of mechanical manufacturing

Research Aim: The research aims to analyse the impact of AI on intelligent control and precision of mechanical manufacturing

• To analyse the applications of AI on mechanical manufacturing
• To evaluate the methods of intelligent control and precision of the manufacturing
• To investigate the impact of AI on intelligent control and precision of mechanical manufacturing for ensuring quality and reliability

Covid-19 Mechanical Engineering Research Topics

Investigate the impacts of coronavirus on mechanical engineering and mechanical engineers..

Research Aim: This research will focus on identifying the impacts of Coronavirus on mechanical engineering and mechanical engineers, along with its possible solutions.

Research to study the contribution of mechanical engineers to combat a COVID-19 pandemic

Research Aim: This study will identify the contributions of mechanical engineers to combat the COVID-19 pandemic highlighting the challenges faced by them and their outcomes. How far did their contributions help combat the Coronavirus pandemic?

Research to know about the transformation of industries after the pandemic.

Research Aim: The study aims to investigate the transformation of industries after the pandemic. The study will answer questions such as, how manufacturing industries will transform after COVID-19? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages.

Damage caused by Coronavirus to supply chain of manufacturing industries

Research Aim: The focus of the study will be on identifying the damage caused to the supply chain of manufacturing industries due to the COVID-19 pandemic. What measures are taken to recover the loss and to ensure the continuity of business?

Research to identify the contribution of mechanical engineers in running the business through remote working.

Research Aim: This study will identify whether remote working is an effective way to recover the loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic? What are its advantages and disadvantages? What steps should be taken to overcome the challenges faced by remote workers?

Mechanical Dissertation Topics of 2021

Topic 1: mini powdered metal design and fabrication for mini development of waste aluminium cannes and fabrication.

Research Aim: The research will focus on producing and manufacturing copula furnaces and aluminium atomizers with available materials to manufacture aluminium powder metal.0.4 kg of refined coke will be chosen to measure content and energy balance and calculate the design values used to produce the drawings.

Topic 2: Interaction between the Fluid, Acoustic, and vibrations

Research Aim: This research aims to focus on the interaction between the Fluid, Acoustic, and vibrations

Topic 3: Combustion and Energy Systems.

Research Aim: This research aims to identify the relationship between Combustion and Energy Systems

Topic 4: Study on the Design and Manufacturing

Research Aim: This research will focus on the importance of design and manufacturing

Topic 5: Revolution in the Design Engineering

Research Aim: This research aims to highlight the advances in design engineering

Best Mechanical Dissertation Topics of 2021

Topic 1: an overview of the different research trends in the field of mechanical engineering..

Research Aim: This research aims to analyse the main topics of mechanical engineering explored by other researchers in the last decade and the research methods. The data used is accumulated from the years 2009 to 2019. The data used for this research is used from the “Applied Mechanics Review” magazine.

Topic 2: The Engineering Applications of Mechanical Metamaterials.

Research Aim: This research aims to analyse the different properties of various mechanical metamaterials and how they can be used in mechanical engineering. This research will also discuss the potential uses of these materials in other industries and future developments in this field.

Topic 3: The Mechanical Behaviour of Materials.

Research Aim: This research will look into the properties of selected materials for the formation of a product. The study will take the results of tests that have already been carried out on the materials. The materials will be categorised into two classes from the already prepared results, namely destructive and non-destructive. The further uses of the non-destructive materials will be discussed briefly.

Topic 4: Evaluating and Assessment of the Flammable and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Oxide as a Material for SLS Process.

Research Aim: The research will evaluate the different properties of magnesium oxide (MgO) and its potential use as a raw material for the SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) process. The flammability and other mechanical properties will be analysed.

Topic 5: Analysing the Mechanical Characteristics of 3-D Printed Composites.

Research Aim: This research will study the various materials used in 3-D printing and their composition. This research will discuss the properties of different printing materials and compare the harms and benefits of using each material.

Topic 6: Evaluation of a Master Cylinder and Its Use.

Research Aim: This research will take an in-depth analysis of a master cylinder. The material used to create the cylinder, along with its properties, will be discussed. The use of the master cylinder in mechanical engineering will also be explained.

Topic 7: Manufacturing Pearlitic Rail Steel After Re-Modelling Its Mechanical Properties.

Research Aim: This research will look into the use of modified Pearlitic rail steel in railway transportation. Modifications of tensile strength, the supported weight, and impact toughness will be analysed. Results of previously applied tests will be used.

How Can ResearchProspect Help?

ResearchProspect writers can send several custom topic ideas to your email address. Once you have chosen a topic that suits your needs and interests, you can order for our dissertation outline service , which will include a brief introduction to the topic, research questions , literature review , methodology , expected results , and conclusion . The dissertation outline will enable you to review the quality of our work before placing the order for our full dissertation writing service !

Electro-Mechanical Dissertation Topics

Topic 8: studying the electro-mechanical properties of multi-functional glass fibre/epoxy reinforced composites..

Research Aim: This research will study the properties of epoxy reinforced glass fibres and their use in modern times. Features such as tensile strength and tensile resistance will be analysed under different current strengths. Results from previous tests already carried out will be used to explain their properties.

Topic 9: Comparing The Elastic Modules of Different Materials at Different Strain Rates and Temperatures.

Research Aim: This research will compare and contrast a selected group of materials and look into their elastic modules. The modules used are the results taken from previously carried out experiments. This will explain why a particular material is used for a specific purpose.

Topic 10: Analysing The Change in The Porosity and Mechanical Properties of Concrete When Mixed With Coconut Sawdust.

Research Aim: This research will analyse the properties of concrete that are altered when mixed with coconut sawdust. Porosity and other mechanical properties will be evaluated using the results of previous experiments. The use of this type of concrete in the construction industry will also be discussed.

Topic 11: Evaluation of The Thermal Resistance of Select Materials in Mechanical Contact at Sub-Ambient Temperatures.

Research Aim: In this research, a close evaluation of the difference in thermal resistance of certain materials when they come in contact with a surface at sub-ambient temperature. The properties of the materials at the temperature will be noted. Results from previously carried out experiments will be used. The use of these materials will be discussed and explained, as well.

Topic 12: Analysing The Mechanical Properties of a Composite Sandwich by Using The Bending Test.

Research Aim: In this research, we will analyse the mechanical properties of the components of a composite sandwich through the use of the bending test. The results of the tests previously carried out will be used. The research will take an in-depth evaluation of the mechanical properties of the sandwich and explain the means that it is used in modern industries.

Mechanical Properities Dissertation Topics

Topic 13: studying the mechanical and durability property of magnesium silicate hydrate binders in concrete..

Research Aim: In this research, we will evaluate the difference in durability and mechanical properties between regular concrete binders and magnesium silicate hydrate binders. The difference between the properties of both binders will indicate which binder is better for concrete. Features such as tensile strength and weight it can support are compared.

Topic 14: The Use of Submersible Pumping Systems.

Research Aim: This research will aim to analyse the use of a submersible pumping system in machine systems. The materials used to make the system, as well as the mechanical properties it possesses, will be discussed.

Topic 15: The Function of a Breather Device for Internal combustion Engines.

Research Aim: In this research, the primary function of a breather device for an internal combustion engine is discussed. The placement of this device in the system, along with its importance, is explained. The effects on the internal combustion engine if the breather device is removed will also be observed.

Topic 16: To Study The Compression and Tension Behaviour of Hollow Polyester Monofilaments.

Research Aim: This research will focus on the study of selected mechanical properties of hollow polyester monofilaments. In this case, the compression and tension behaviour of the filaments is studied. These properties are considered in order to explore the future use of these filaments in the textile industry and other related industries.

Topic 17: Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced Cementous Materials.

Research Aim: This research will focus on selecting the proper carbon nanotube type, which will be able to improve the mechanical properties of cementitious materials. Changes in the length, diameter, and weight-based concentration of the nanotubes will be noted when analysing the difference in the mechanical properties. One character of the nanotubes will be of optimal value while the other two will be altered. Results of previous experiments will be used.

Topic 18: To Evaluate the Process of Parallel Compression in LNG Plants Using a Positive Displacement Compressor

Research Aim: This research aims to evaluate a system and method in which the capacity and efficiency of the process of liquefaction of natural gas can avoid bottlenecking in its refrigerant compressing system. Advantages of the parallel compression system in the oil and gas industry will be discussed.

Topic 19: Applying Particulate Palm Kernel Shell Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Automobiles.

Research Aim: In this research, the differences made in applying palm kernel shell particulate to reinforced epoxy composites for the manufacturing of automobile parts will be examined. Properties such as impact toughness, wear resistance, flexural, tensile, and water resistance will be analysed carefully. The results of the previous tests will be used. The potential use of this material will also be discussed.

Topic 20: Changes Observed in The Mechanical Properties of Kevlar KM2-600 Due to Abrasions.

Research Aim: This research will focus on observing the changes in the mechanical properties of Kevlar KM2-600 in comparison to two different types of S glass tows (AGY S2 and Owens Corning Shield Strand S). The surface damage, along with fiber breakage, will be noted among all three fibers. The effects of the abrasions on all three fibers will be emphasised. The use of Kevlar KM2 and the other S glass tows will also be discussed along with other potential applications.

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Industrial Application of Mechanical Engineering Dissertation Topics

Topic 1: the function of a fuel injector device..

Research Aim: This research focuses on the function of a fuel injector device and why this component is necessary for the system of an internal combustion engine. The importance of this device will be explained. The adverse effects on the entire system if the equipment is either faulty or completely removed will also be discussed.

Topic 2: To Solve Optimization Problems in a Mechanical Design by The Principles of Uncertainty.

Research Aim: This research will aim to formulate an optimization in a mechanical design under the influence of uncertainty. This will create an efficient tool that is based on the conditions of each optimization under the risk. This will save time and allow the designer to obtain new information in regards to the stability of the performance of his design under the uncertainties.

Topic 3: Analysing The Applications of Recycled Polycarbonate Particle Materials and Their Mechanical Properties.

Research Aim: This research will evaluate the mechanical properties of different polycarbonate materials and their potential to be recycled. The materials with the ability to be recycled are then further examined for potential use as a 3-dimensional printing material. The temperature of the printer’s nozzle along with the nozzle velocity matrix from previous experiments is used to evaluate the tensile strengths of the printed material. Other potential uses of these materials are also discussed.

Topic 4: The Process of Locating a Lightning Strike on a Wind Turbine.

Research Aim: This research will provide a detailed explanation of the process of detecting a lightning strike on a wind turbine. The measurement of the magnitude of the lightning strike, along with recognising the affected area will be explained. The proper method employed to rectify the damage that occurred by the strike will also be discussed.

Topic 5: Importance of a Heat Recovery Component in an Internal Combustion Engine for an Exhaust Gas System.

Research Aim: The research will take an in-depth evaluation of the different mechanics of a heat recovery component in an exhaust gas system. The functions of the different parts of the heat recovery component will be explained along with the importance of the entire element itself. The adverse effect of a faulty defected heat recovery component will also be explained.

“Feel free to contact us if you require custom dissertation topics and titles for your dissertation. ResearchProspect Ltd is a UK registered academic writing company which can provide you with highly qualified writers to assist you in the process of the formation of your dissertation. For more information about the type of services we offer.“

Related: Civil Engineering Dissertation

Important Notes:

As a student of mechanical engineering looking to get good grades, it is essential to develop new ideas and experiment on existing mechanical engineering theories – i.e., to add value and interest in the topic of your research.

The field of mechanical engineering is vast and interrelated to so many other academic disciplines like  civil engineering ,  construction ,  law , and even  healthcare . That is why it is imperative to create a mechanical engineering dissertation topic that is articular, sound, and actually solves a practical problem that may be rampant in the field.

We can’t stress how important it is to develop a logical research topic; it is the basis of your entire research. There are several significant downfalls to getting your topic wrong; your supervisor may not be interested in working on it, the topic has no academic creditability, the research may not make logical sense, there is a possibility that the study is not viable.

This impacts your time and efforts in  writing your dissertation  as you may end up in the cycle of rejection at the very initial stage of the dissertation. That is why we recommend reviewing existing research to develop a topic, taking advice from your supervisor, and even asking for help in this particular stage of your dissertation.

Keeping our advice in mind while developing a research topic will allow you to pick one of the best mechanical engineering dissertation topics that not only fulfill your requirement of writing a research paper but also adds to the body of knowledge.

Therefore, it is recommended that when finalizing your dissertation topic, you read recently published literature in order to identify gaps in the research that you may help fill.

Remember- dissertation topics need to be unique, solve an identified problem, be logical, and can also be practically implemented. Take a look at some of our sample mechanical engineering dissertation topics to get an idea for your own dissertation.

How to Structure your Mechanical Engineering Dissertation

A well-structured   dissertation can help students   to achieve a high overall academic grade.

• A Title Page
• Acknowledgments
• Declaration
• Abstract: A summary of the research completed
• Table of Contents
• Introduction : This chapter includes the project rationale, research background, key research aims and objectives, and the research problems to be addressed. An outline of the structure of a dissertation can also be added to this chapter.
• Literature Review :  This chapter presents relevant theories and frameworks by analysing published and unpublished literature available on the chosen research topic, in light of  research questions to be addressed. The purpose is to highlight and discuss the relative weaknesses and strengths of the selected research area whilst identifying any research gaps. Break down of the topic, and key terms can have a positive impact on your dissertation and your tutor.
• Methodology: The  data collection  and  analysis  methods and techniques employed by the researcher are presented in the Methodology chapter which usually includes  research design, research philosophy, research limitations, code of conduct, ethical consideration, data collection methods, and  data analysis strategy .
• Findings and Analysis: Findings of the research are analysed in detail under the Findings and Analysis chapter. All key findings/results are outlined in this chapter without interpreting the data or drawing any conclusions. It can be useful to include  graphs , charts, and   tables in this chapter to identify meaningful trends and relationships.
• Discussion and  Conclusion: The researcher presents his interpretation of results in this chapter, and states whether the research hypothesis has been verified or not. An essential aspect of this section of the paper is to draw a linkage between the results and evidence from the literature. Recommendations with regards to implications of the findings and directions for the future may also be provided. Finally, a summary of the overall research, along with final judgments, opinions, and comments, must be included in the form of suggestions for improvement.
• References:  This should be completed in accordance with your University’s requirements
• Bibliography
• Appendices: Any additional information, diagrams, graphs that were used to  complete the  dissertation  but not part of the dissertation should be included in the Appendices chapter. Essentially, the purpose is to expand the information/data.

About ResearchProspect Ltd

ResearchProspect is a  UK based academic writing service that provides help with  Dissertation Proposal  Writing,  PhD proposal writing ,  Dissertation Writing ,  Dissertation Editing, and Improvement .

Our team of writers is highly qualified. They are experts in their respective fields. They have been working in the industry for a long, thus are aware of the issues as well as the trends of the industry they are working in.

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[100+] Mechanical Engineering Research Topics For College Students With Free [Thesis Pdf] 2022

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Holographic displays offer a glimpse into an immersive future

Setting the stage for a new era of immersive displays, researchers are one step closer to mixing the real and virtual worlds in an ordinary pair of eyeglasses using high-definition 3D holographic images, according to a study led by Princeton University researchers.

Holographic images have real depth because they are three dimensional, whereas monitors merely simulate depth on a 2D screen. Because we see in three dimensions, holographic images could be integrated seamlessly into our normal view of the everyday world.

The result is a virtual and augmented reality display that has the potential to be truly immersive, the kind where you can move your head normally and never lose the holographic images from view. "To get a similar experience using a monitor, you would need to sit right in front of a cinema screen," said Felix Heide, assistant professor of computer science and senior author on a paper published April 22 in Nature Communications.

And you wouldn't need to wear a screen in front of your eyes to get this immersive experience. Optical elements required to create these images are tiny and could potentially fit on a regular pair of glasses. Virtual reality displays that use a monitor, as current displays do, require a full headset. And they tend to be bulky because they need to accommodate a screen and the hardware necessary to operate it.

"Holography could make virtual and augmented reality displays easily usable, wearable and ultrathin," said Heide. They could transform how we interact with our environments, everything from getting directions while driving, to monitoring a patient during surgery, to accessing plumbing instructions while doing a home repair.

One of the most important challenges is quality. Holographic images are created by a small chip-like device called a spatial light modulator. Until now, these modulators could only create images that are either small and clear or large and fuzzy. This tradeoff between image size and clarity results in a narrow field of view, too narrow to give the user an immersive experience. "If you look towards the corners of the display, the whole image may disappear," said Nathan Matsuda, research scientist at Meta and co-author on the paper.

Heide, Matsuda and Ethan Tseng, doctoral student in computer science, have created a device to improve image quality and potentially solve this problem. Along with their collaborators, they built a second optical element to work in tandem with the spatial light modulator. Their device filters the light from the spatial light modulator to expand the field of view while preserving the stability and fidelity of the image. It creates a larger image with only a minimal drop in quality.

Image quality has been a core challenge preventing the practical applications of holographic displays, said Matsuda. "The research brings us one step closer to resolving this challenge," he said.

The new optical element is like a very small custom-built piece of frosted glass, said Heide. The pattern etched into the frosted glass is the key. Designed using AI and optical techniques, the etched surface scatters light created by the spatial light modulator in a very precise way, pushing some elements of an image into frequency bands that are not easily perceived by the human eye. This improves the quality of the holographic image and expands the field of view.

Still, hurdles to making a working holographic display remain. The image quality isn't yet perfect, said Heide, and the fabrication process for the optical elements needs to be improved. "A lot of technology has to come together to make this feasible," said Heide. "But this research shows a path forward."

• Virtual Environment
• Engineering
• Virtual Reality
• Computer Graphics
• Photography
• Video Games
• Virtual reality
• Computer animation
• 3D computer graphics
• Confocal laser scanning microscopy
• Scanning tunneling microscope

Story Source:

Materials provided by Princeton University, Engineering School . Original written by Julia Schwarz. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference :

• Ethan Tseng, Grace Kuo, Seung-Hwan Baek, Nathan Matsuda, Andrew Maimone, Florian Schiffers, Praneeth Chakravarthula, Qiang Fu, Wolfgang Heidrich, Douglas Lanman, Felix Heide. Neural étendue expander for ultra-wide-angle high-fidelity holographic display . Nature Communications , 2024; 15 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46915-3

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Evolution vs. Engineering: Why Can’t Robots Outrun Animals?

By Simon Fraser University April 24, 2024

A study reveals that engineered components in robots frequently surpass biological equivalents, but animals outperform robots in overall system functionality, pointing to integration as the key area for robotics improvement. Credit: SciTechDaily.com

Despite superior individual components, robots lag behind animals in overall performance, suggesting a future focus on better system integration and control in robotics.

Robotics engineers have worked for decades and invested many millions of research dollars in attempts to create a robot that can walk or run as well as an animal. And yet, it remains the case that many animals are capable of feats that would be impossible for robots that exist today.

“A wildebeest can migrate for thousands of kilometers over rough terrain, a mountain goat can climb up a literal cliff, finding footholds that don’t even seem to be there, and cockroaches can lose a leg and not slow down,” says Dr. Max Donelan, Professor in Simon Fraser University’s Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. “We have no robots capable of anything like this endurance, agility, and robustness.”

Comparing Robots to Animals

To understand why, and quantify how, robots lag behind animals, an interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers from leading research universities completed a detailed study of various aspects of running robots, comparing them with their equivalents in animals, for a paper published in Science Robotics . The paper finds that, by the metrics engineers use, biological components performed surprisingly poorly compared to fabricated parts. Where animals excel, though, is in their integration and control of those components.

Alongside Donelan, the team comprised Drs. Sam Burden, Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering at the University of Washington ; Tom Libby, Senior Research Engineer, SRI International; Kaushik Jayaram, Assistant Professor in the Paul M Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder; and Simon Sponberg, Dunn Family Associate Professor of Physics and Biological Sciences at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

The researchers each studied one of five different “subsystems” that combine to create a running robot – Power, Frame, Actuation, Sensing, and Control – and compared them with their biological equivalents. Previously, it was commonly accepted that animals’ outperformance of robots must be due to the superiority of biological components.

“The way things turned out is that, with only minor exceptions, the engineering subsystems outperform the biological equivalents – and sometimes radically outperformed them,” says Libby. “But also what’s very, very clear is that, if you compare animals to robots at the whole system level, in terms of movement, animals are amazing. And robots have yet to catch up.”

Insights Into Robotics Progress

More optimistically for the field of robotics, the researchers noted that, if you compare the relatively short time that robotics has had to develop its technology with the countless generations of animals that have evolved over many millions of years, the progress has actually been remarkably quick.

“It will move faster, because evolution is undirected,” says Burden. “Whereas we can very much correct how we design robots and learn something in one robot and download it into every other robot, biology doesn’t have that option. So there are ways that we can move much more quickly when we engineer robots than we can through evolution – but evolution has a massive head start.”

More than simply an engineering challenge, effective running robots offer countless potential uses. Whether solving ‘last mile’ delivery challenges in a world designed for humans that is often difficult to navigate for wheeled robots, carrying out searches in dangerous environments or handling hazardous materials, there are many potential applications for the technology.

Future Directions in Robotics

The researchers hope that this study will help direct future development in robot technology, with an emphasis not on building a better piece of hardware, but in understanding how to better integrate and control existing hardware. Donelan concludes, “As engineering learns integration principles from biology, running robots will become as efficient, agile, and robust as their biological counterparts.”

Reference: “Why animals can outrun robots” 24 April 2024, Science Robotics . DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adi9754

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LSU Mechanical Engineering Professor Designs Toxic Chemical Sensor

BATON ROUGE, LA – LSU Mechanical Engineering Associate Professor Manas Gartia is leading a team of researchers in designing a novel electrochemical sensor that will detect toxic chemicals in the environment. This sensor will help with environmental research, public health testing, and PFAS containment and alarm system. 

“Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also known as ‘forever chemicals,’ are toxic chemicals found nearly everywhere on Earth and are a threat to public health,” Gartia said. “To address this problem, my team has created a novel electrochemical sensor that is portable, economical, and can rapidly detect PFAS in the environment.”

The sensor is made of a working electrode, counter electrode, and can include a reference electrode. The working electrode is comprised of a metal or metal alloy in the form of nanoparticles, wire, or nanoscale electrocatalysts such as platinum. A perfluorinated anion exchange isomer film is located within the working electrode, which may be screen printed on many surfaces such as ceramic, glass, quartz, polymers, or hydrogel substrates. 

“Experimental results show these sensors do not need redox probes and have a limit of detection (LOD) less than or equal to 7 ppb in buffered or drinking water,” Gartia said. 

Benefits of the novel sensor include fast results, LOD lower than tradition methods, not requiring redox-active probes (making the sensor more convenient and transportable), and the nanoscale electrocatalysts sensors have large operating temperature range (-40-300°C). 

Gartia's technology, which has a patent pending, received assistance from LSU's Office of Innovation & Technology Commercialization (ITC). Helping Gartia on the project are his previous postdoc student Sushant Sahu and former LSU Chemical Engineering Associate Professor Chris Arges.

About LSU ITC

LSU ITC protects and commercializes LSU’s intellectual property. The office focuses on transferring early-stage inventions and works into the marketplace for the greater benefit of society. ITC also handles federal invention reporting, which allows LSU to receive hundreds of millions of dollars each year in federally funded research, and processes confidentiality agreements, material transfer agreements, and other agreements related to intellectual property.

Like us on Facebook (@lsuengineering) or follow us on X (formerly Twitter) and Instagram (@lsuengineering).​

Contact: Libby Haydel Communications Manager 225-578-4840 [email protected]

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Doctoral student awarded NASA Graduate Research Fellowship

Sponsored by NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate, the NSTGRO fellowship supports ideas that show significant potential to contribute to NASA’s goal of creating innovative new space technologies for our Nation’s science, exploration, and economic future. NASA Space Technology Graduate Researchers will perform innovative, space technology research at their respective campuses and a NASA center. The visiting technologist experience is an integral part of an NSTGRO award, during which the NASA Space Technology Graduate Researchers perform their research at a NASA center each summer. Awards are made in the form of grants to accredited U.S. universities on behalf of individuals pursuing master’s or doctoral degrees, with the faculty advisor serving as the principal investigator.

Agata, Bigham, and their research group at the Energy-Exploration Laboratory ( Energy-X ) are currently working on the development of next-generation life support systems, to replace the current state-of-the-art technology with 3D-printed sorbent structures. They have developed a complex, multi-physics, computational fluid dynamic model that is capable of exploring the governing mechanisms of carbon dioxide adsorption and regeneration processes. Through this, optimization of topologies can be achieved, improving system performance and reliability while reducing system mass, volume, and power consumption. Under the proposed work, Agata will develop a holistic understanding of their printed structures, directly measuring material properties and constructing a benchtop breakthrough analyzer to further assist and improve the accuracy and capabilities of their modeling.

The goal is to optimize carbon dioxide adsorption and regeneration processes while simultaneously reducing pressure losses experienced by the air mixture. The team believes that an optimized sorption system can be realized by designing 3D sorbent structures with proper topology, material characteristics, and thermal conductivity. If successful, this project will advance the air revitalization system of NASA space vehicles for future Moon and Mars missions.

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NSF honors 3 outstanding early-career researchers with the Alan T. Waterman Award

The U.S. National Science Foundation honored three researchers with the Alan T. Waterman Award, the nation's highest honor for early-career scientists and engineers.

The 2024 recipients: Muyinatu A. Lediju Bell, a biomedical engineer at Johns Hopkins University; Katrina G. Claw, a genetic scientist at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; and Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio, an engineer working in robotics at Yale University, were recognized for their innovative approaches and leadership in their respective fields and for pushing the boundaries of science in truly novel ways.

The Waterman Award will be presented to the recipients at a ceremony during the National Science Board meeting, which will be held in Washington, D.C., on May 1. In addition to a medal, awardees will each receive $1 million over five years for research in their chosen field of science.

"These three outstanding researchers exhibit extraordinary scientific research accomplishments and stand out as leaders among their peers," said NSF Director Sethuraman Panchanathan. "This award recognizes their contributions and is also a vital investment in the future of science discovery and innovation, empowering the awardees to deepen their research, expand their projects, and explore new frontiers in their field. More importantly, it enables these exceptional individuals to apply their groundbreaking work for the betterment of their communities and society at large."

Harnessing light and sound to improve biomedical imaging systems 

Muyinatu a. lediju bell, johns hopkins university.

Muyinatu Bell knew at age 6 that she wanted to be a scientist. Among her earliest influences were the residents of Sesame Street, who captured her imagination by conducting "interesting experiments with colorful test tubes."

Inspired by those memories and guided by her mother and older brother, Bell is now a pioneering biomedical engineer, working in the intersection of physics, electrical and computer engineering, biomedical engineering and computer science. She has developed groundbreaking techniques that are transforming the utility of medical imaging, especially in ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging, by harnessing the power of light and sound to improve diagnostic capabilities and guide surgeries.

"My inspiration is drawn from a desire to improve disease detection, to deliver the earliest possible detection strategies as the best path to successful treatment plans, and to facilitate treatment plans that ensure the safest possible outcomes, particularly when surgery is involved," she said.

Bell, an associate professor at Johns Hopkins University, is best known for inventing the short-lag spatial coherence (SLSC) ultrasound beamformer, which significantly improves ultrasound image quality by reducing acoustic clutter. This invention motivated the development and refinement of the generalized contrast-to-noise ratio, a widely used metric that sets a new standard for image quality assessments. Bell has also adapted the SLSC technology to photoacoustic imaging, most recently using it to overcome problems related to skin tone bias in which melanin affects how deeply light can penetrate in photoacoustic imaging and is also responsible for generating acoustic clutter that obscures structures of interest. This technique developed by Bell benefits multiple communities, including patients with darker skin tones, women with dense breast tissue, and overweight or obese patients.

"I learned that acoustic clutter is one of the most common and detrimental ultrasound imaging artifacts," she said. "My breakthrough came when I was the first to realize that I can integrate spatial coherence functions, which contain characteristic differences between real tissue signals and acoustic clutter, and thereby deliver visual images of these differences. This visual display of the distinct differences offers improved image quality for patients underserved by ultrasound technology due to the presence of acoustic clutter. The same underlying principle applies to photoacoustic images."

Bell is a lecturer, mentor and scientific role model committed to engaging a diverse research community by serving in leadership roles on committees and programs aimed at supporting women in physics, computer science and engineering. She is the recipient of NSF awards from the Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) program and the Smart Health program.

The NSF CAREER award "helped to give me the confidence that I am right where I belong, living my childhood dream, and with the award, I knew I would have resources to thrive as a scientist, at least for the next five years," Bell said. "I pursued many of the bold and creative ideas I proposed. I received supplements to mentor undergraduate students. My team grew and expanded. My students and collaborators contributed new and fresh perspectives and ideas. It was an amazing accomplishment and success that seeded, bred and fertilized more success. NSF support has been very instrumental to the progression of my career as a scientist and engineer."

The Waterman Award will assist Bell in expanding her current work in new directions and pursuing other avenues, she said. "I can now purchase new equipment to start a new line of research, hire the support and administrative staff that I need as I grow my lab, hire research scientists who will help me to expand new research opportunities, hire dedicated personnel to assist with multiple tech ventures originating from my lab. The possibilities are endless."

Building inclusivity in genetic research to improve disease prevention, treatment

Katrina g. claw, university of colorado anschutz medical campus.

Growing up in the Navajo Nation, Katrina Claw did not know what "scientific research" meant or that it could be a career. But she understood that practices like dry farming or herbal remedies used by her family were rooted in long-established methods refined over centuries and passed down through multiple generations.

"This was the science — Indigenous Science and Traditional Knowledge — that I grew up with and are fundamental to my worldviews today," she said. "The interconnectedness of all living and non-living entities and balance are concepts that I learned as a child, and these are still concepts at the core of my research program."

Claw is a genomic scientist and leader in Indigenous science, recognized for her contributions to pharmacogenomics and for fostering cultural and bioethical research participation within Indigenous communities. As a member of the Navajo Nation, she is dedicated to collaborative and community-based genetic research that produces better science and ethically benefits all participants.

As a co-principal investigator and a past predoctoral fellow, Claw received an NSF award from the Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences' Office of Multidisciplinary Activities in the Ethical and Responsible Research (ER2) program. Her project aligns with a key aim of the ER2 program, which is to foster ethical and responsible practice in science, technology, engineering and mathematics research communities. Her research program supports equity and inclusion of diverse populations in pharmacogenomic research and personalized medicine, addresses disparities in health and health care, and enhances ethical research with participation from American Indian, Alaska Native and other historically marginalized communities. She has established research partnerships with multiple American Indian, Alaskan Native and First Nations tribal communities.

Claw is an assistant professor in the Department of Biomedical Informatics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, and her genomic research is at the forefront of disease treatment and prevention. She has demonstrated strong associations between nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 gene variation in a tribally diverse Indigenous population. Claw's research further demonstrated substantial diversity in the versions of the CYP2A6 gene, which is strongly associated with nicotine metabolism, among Indigenous communities from different tribes and geographic regions. These findings suggest that diverse groups may benefit from personalized tobacco cessation treatment, guided in part by unique genetics.

"The foundation of my work is community-based participatory research, and I strive to use a culturally responsive and adaptive ethical framework that respects the principles of data sovereignty and tribal oversight," Claw said. "My overall goal is to show that community-engaged genomics research can bring about meaningful and impactful change in Indigenous communities. My research program studies pharmacogenomic variation and the cultural, ethical, legal and social implications (CELSI) of genomic research with Indigenous peoples. The past is inextricably linked to the present and the future, and the history of Native communities naturally extends my research into the ethical and social realms. Thus, my research projects involve both contemporary Indigenous peoples and Ancestors of the past."

Claw is a committed leader, mentor and contributor to national policy discussions for Indigenous communities, especially related to genetics. She is funded by the Native American Research Center for Health initiative to create a glossary of genetic terms and digital stories in Navajo. " Being awarded made me acutely aware of how my research interests and desire to work with Native communities was important, needed, and how few people from my tribal community were in the position to apply for these opportunities."

Claw is the first Waterman recipient from the Navajo Nation. "I hope that it will inspire some other young ch'ízhii budding scientists entering their first science fair competition, and I hope that my story will help others believe in themselves and move forward in careers in STEM. With the award, I'm excited to fund the community engagement and tribal capacity-building work that are so important to the future of Native peoples in science."

Creating robots that adapt and evolve to changing conditions

Rebecca kramer-bottiglio, yale university. .

Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio has "always been drawn to math and prototyping, and the thrill of uncovering how things work," she said. "Engineering seamlessly integrates these passions."

Her multidisciplinary research approach incorporates materials science, robotics, artificial intelligence, biology and art. Her breakthrough design strategy of adaptive morphogenesis for robotics is inspired by biological adaptations, morphogenesis and evolution and extends techniques she developed to create shape-shifting and phase-changing materials. When integrated into robots, these new materials enable transformative new capabilities via unprecedented adaptive behaviors.

"Robots are traditionally mechanical assemblies designed to complete a single task in a specific context. In contrast, biological organisms adapt physiologically, behaviorally and morphologically in response to changing environmental conditions," Kramer-Bottiglio said. "My research focuses on imbuing next-generation robots with the ability to adapt and evolve like animals. I study multifunctional materials and their utility in soft-material robots capable of evolving their physical structure and corresponding behavior as they encounter new task demands or environments."

Kramer-Bottiglio developed an amphibious turtle-inspired robot with limbs made from coupled fluidic actuators and variable-stiffness materials that change between hydrodynamic flippers and load-bearing leg shapes depending on the environment. Adapting both the form and function of the robot enabled efficient movement both in water and on land, yielding energetic savings for multi-environment locomotion. With this morphing robot platform, she proved that morphological adaptation is a favorable strategy to expand the future capabilities of robots while simultaneously reducing the energy requirements to do so.

"Breaking through my own conception of what a robot is helped me realize their potential," she said. "If we discard the notion that robots must be mechanical assemblies of discrete components and instead consider them as material systems with multifunctionalities, we gain access to a host of new materials, techniques and tools that can be used to create the next generation of robots."

Kramer-Bottiglio is a mentor dedicated to broadening participation in STEM research. She is the recipient of awards from the NSF CAREER, Designing Materials to Revolutionize and Engineer our Future, Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation, Human-Centered Computing, and Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers programs.

"NSF has been incredibly important throughout my career, supporting my research in areas such as materials processing, soft robotics and engineering education," she said. "For instance, one NSF award supported a collaborative research project to test the hypothesis that the implementation of soft robot design experiences improves students' engineering self-efficacy and interest in engineering careers as compared to traditional robot design experiences. Through a partnership with experts in engineering education, we found evidence to support this claim. The research resulted in a new engineering design curriculum that has been sustainably integrated into an upper high school course with national dissemination. I am unsure that I would have been able to pursue such an interdisciplinary project without the support of the NSF."

The Waterman Award will enable Kramer-Bottiglio "to pursue interdisciplinary and high-risk research directions that hold the potential to unlock new capabilities for robots, enabling them to evolve on demand in response to changing tasks or environments," she said. "Robots that can evolve on demand provide a platform to study physical evolution-based optimization. How and when should a robot adapt its shape when switching between tasks or environments? What are the optimal shapes for specific tasks and environments? Can we use synthetic evolution to discover adaptation strategies that animals might use to adapt to our changing environment? Can the use of living materials in robots increase their adaptive capabilities? I hope to find out."

The award, established by Congress in 1975, is named for Alan T. Waterman, NSF's first director.

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• uno professor uttam chakravarty named asme fellow

CAMPUS NEWS: APRIL 23, 2024

Asme fellow, uno professor uttam chakravarty named asme fellow.

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University of New Orleans mechanical engineering professor Uttam Chakravarty has been elected a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

University of New Orleans mechanical engineering professor Uttam Chakravarty has been selected a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The Fellow grade of membership recognizes exceptional engineering achievements, contributions to the engineering profession, and to ASME.

Chakravarty is one of only 3,365 members selected as a Fellow out of ASME’s 70,680 members. A Fellow must be nominated and is then selected by a committee of past ASME presidents.

Chakravarty joined UNO in 2012 and is a campus advisor for UNO’s student chapter of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

While at UNO, Chakravarty has been recognized for his outstanding research and scholarship, including earning an Early Career Creativity, Research, and Scholarship Award from the University in 2017.

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