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Speech On Education in urdu

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السلام علیکم میری تقریر کا عنوان تعلیم کی اہمیت ہے۔ جناب صدر اجازت کا طالب ہوں! قرآنِ مجید میں لگ بھگ پانچ سو مقامات پر حصول تعلیم کی اہمیت اور فضیلت بیان کی گئی۔ علم کی فرضیت کا براہ راست بیان بے شمار احادیث میں بھی آیا ہے۔ حضور اکرم ﷺ نے ارشاد فرمایا کہ “حصول علم تمام مسلمانوں پر (بلا تفریق مرد و زن) فرض ہے۔ بے شک علم حاصل کرنا ہر مسلمان مرد و زن پر فرض ہے۔” ایک اور روایت میں ہے کہ نبی اکرم ﷺ نے فرمایا کہ ’’جو شخص طالب علم کے لئے کسی راستے پر چلا، اللہ تعالیٰ نے اسے جنت کے ایک راستے پر چلادیا‘‘ اور یہ بات واضح کر دی گئی کہ قرآنِ مجید سے حصول علم خواتین کے لئے بھی اسی طرح فرض ہے جیسے مردوں کے لئے ہے اس لئے تعلیم ہر صورت حاصل کرنا چاہیئے۔ کسی ملک کی ترقی کا اندازہ اس کی شرح خواندگی سے لگایا جاسکتا ہے۔ دنیا میں وہ ممالک جو ترقی یافتہ ہیں وہ عموماً ۱۰۰ فیصد شرح خواندگی کے حامل ہیں۔ اگر پاکستان کے حوالے سے دیکھا جائے تو پاکستان میں تعلیم کے اظہار منفی صورت حال ہی پیش کرتے آئے ہیں۔ صرف واجبی خواندہ افراد ، یعنی جو اپنا نام لکھنا اور پڑھنا جانتے ہوں، انھیں خواندہ تسلیم کر کے شرح خواندگی کے اعداد و شمار نکالے جائیں تو بھی کھینچ تان کر بمشکل ۷۰ فیصد تک پہنچتے ہیں۔ جدید علوم تو ضروری ہیں ہی اس کے ساتھ ساتھ دینی تعلیم کی بھی اہمیت اپنی جگہ مسمم ہے، اس کے ساتھ ساتھ انسان کو انسانیت سے دوستی کے لئے اخلاقی تعلیم بھی بے حد ضروری ہے۔

اسی تعلیم کی وجہ سے زندگی میں خدا پرستی ، عبادت ، محبت ، خلوص ، ایثار، خدمتِ خلق، وفاداری اور ہمدردی کے جذبات پیدا ہوتے ہیں۔ اخلاقی تعلیم کی وجہ سے صالح اور نیک معاشرہ کی تشکیل ہو سکتی ہے۔ محترم لوگو! تعلیم وہ زیور ہے، جو انسان کا کردار سنوراتی ہے۔ دنیا میں اگر ہر چیز دیکھی جائے تو وہ بانٹنے سے گھٹتی ہے، مگر تعلیم ایک ایسی دولت ہے جو بانٹنے سے گھٹتی نہیں بلکہ بڑھ جاتی ہے اور انسان کو اشرف المخلوقات کا درجہ تعلیم کی وجہ سے دیا گیا ہے۔

تعلیم حاصل کرنا ہر مذہب میں جائز ہے، اسلام میں تعلیم حاصل کرنا فرض کیا گیا ہے۔ آج کے اس پر آشوب اور تیز ترین دور میں تعلیم کی ضرورت بہت اہمیت کا حامل ہے۔ چاہے زمانہ کتنا ہی ترقی کرلے، حالانکہ آج کا دور جدیدیت کا دور ہے ایٹمی ترقی کا دور ہے، سائنس اور صنعتی ترقی کا دور ہے، مگر اسکولوں میں بنیادی عصری تعلیم ،ٹیکنیکل تعلیم،انجینئرنگ ،وکالت ،ڈاکٹری اور مختلف جدید علوم حاصل کرنا آج کے دور کا لازمی تقاضا ہے. شاعر نے بھی انسان کی انسانیت کو علم سے مشروط کیا ہے ، فرماتے ہیں؀

اس سے یہ بات واضح ہوئی کہ علم عمل کے لیے ضروری شرط ہے۔ اس سے عمل کی تصحیح ہوگی، چاہے وہ عمل عبادات سے متعلق ہو یا معاملات سے،ذاتی ہو یا خاندانی ،سماج سے متعلق ہو یا معاشرت سے،ہر لحاظ سے علم ازحد ضروری ہے۔ خدا تعالیٰ سوچنے سمجھنے کی سعی عطا فرمائے آمین. شکریہ

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Urdu Speech on Importance of Education | تعلیم کی اہمیت پر تقریر

Urdu speech on education, taleem par taqreer Urdu, تعلیم کی اہمیت پر تقریر، اسلام میں تعلیم کی اہمیت قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں

Urdu Speech on Importance of Education

ماخوذ از: مسابقاتی تقریریں

اسلام میں تعلیم کی اہمیت قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں

الْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ، عَلَّمَ الْإِنْسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمُ۔ وَ الصَّلوٰةُ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلٰى سَيِّدِ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْعَجَمِ، أَمَّا بَعْدُ۔

اس دور میں تعلیم ہے امراضِ ملت کی دوا ہے خونِ فاسد کے لیے تعلیم مثلِ نیشتر

صدر عالی مقام، حَکَم صاحبان اور سامعینِ عِظام!

میری گفتگو کا موضوع ہے ’’اسلام میں تعلیم کی اہمیت قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں‘‘

اسلام میں تعلیم کو بہت اہمیت حاصل ہے، بغیر تعلیم کے دنیا کا کوئی نظام چل ہی نہیں سکتا، یہی وجہ ہے کہ قرآن پاک کی پہلی وحی ’’اِقْرأْ‘‘ میں پڑھنے کا حکم دیا گیا ہے، دوسرے احکام بعد میں آئے۔

آئیے سب سے پہلے تقابلی انداز میں تعلیم کے مقصد پر روشنی ڈالتے ہیں؛ تاکہ اسلام کا نظریۂ تعلیم واضح ہوکر ہمارے سامنے آجائے۔ افلاطون نے اخلاق کی تربیت کو تعلیم کا مقصد بتایا ہے، ارسطو کی نظر میں تعلیم کا مقصد پُر خلوص نیکی کے ذریعہ شادمانی کا حصول ہے، ہربرٹ اسپِنْسر نے کہا تھا کہ تعلیم کا مقصد مکمل زندگی کی تیاری ہے، کارْل مارْکس کا نظریہ تھا کہ تعلیم کا حصول اس لیے ہو؛ تاکہ اقتصادی و سیاسی نظام وجود میں آسکے، گاندھی جی کی نظر میں تعلیم کا اہم مقصد یہ تھا کہ اس کے ذریعہ غیر طبقاتی نظام وجود میں آسکے، رابیندر ناتھ ٹیگور کے نزدیک تعلیم کا مقصد بچے کے ذہن کو قدرتی ماحول سے روشناس کرانا تھا، جبکہ اسلامی نقطۂ نظر سے خالص رضائے الٰہی کی طلب، مقصدِ تخلیق کے منشا کو پورا کرنا، خود اچھے اخلاق سے آراستہ ہونا اور دوسروں کو آراستہ کرنا، علم کی روشنی سے جہل کی تاریکی کو دور کرنا، نہ جاننے والوں کو سکھانا، بھٹکوں کو راہ دکھانا، حق کو پھیلانا اور باطل کو مٹانا تعلیم و تَعَلُّم کا مقصد ہے۔

سامعینِ بزم!

اسلام میں تعلیم کی اہمیت کیا ہے؟ اس کا اندازہ اس سے کیجیے کہ ایک طرف قرآن میں خوفِ خدا کی بنیاد تعلیم کو قرار دیتے ہوئے فرمایا گیا: ’’إنَّمَا یَخْشَى اللهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمَآءُ‘‘ تو دوسری طرف حدیث میں مرد و عورت کی تعلیم کی فرضیت کا اس طرح اعلان ہوا: ’’طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ فَرِيْضَةٌ عَلٰى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ وَّ مُسْلِمَةٍ‘‘ جہاں اللہ نے ایمان والوں اور اہلِ علم کے درجات بلند کرنے کی بات ان الفاظ میں کی: ’’إِنَّما يَرْفَعِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ الَّذِيْنَ اُوْتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ‘‘ وہیں رسول اللہ ﷺ نے تعلیم کا راستہ اختیار کرنے والوں کو جنت کی خوشخبری ان الفاظ میں دی: ’’مَنْ سَلَكَ مَسْلَكًا فِيْ طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ سَهَّلَ اللهُ لَهٗ طَرِيْقَ الْجَنَّةِ‘‘ اسی علم کی بدولت سب سے پہلے نبی حضرت آدمؑ کو سجدے کے قابل بنایا گیا اور سب سے آخری نبی حضرت محمدؐ کی دنیا میں تشریف آوری کا مقصد تعلیم دینا بتایا گیا، آپؐ نے فرمایا: ’’وَ إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ مُعَلِّماً‘‘ بے شک میں ایک معلم کی حیثیت سے بھیجا گیا، ابوداؤد کی روایت ہے کہ ’’علم سکھاؤ؛ اس لیے کہ علم کا سکھانا نیکی ہے، اس کا طلب کرنا عبادت ہے، اس کا مذاکرہ تسبیح ہے، اس پر بحث کرنا جہاد ہے، اس کا خرچ کرنا تَقَرُّبِ الٰہی کا ذریعہ اور نہ جاننے والوں کو بتانا صدقۂ جاریہ ہے۔‘‘

تعلیم سے آتی ہے اقوام میں بیداری ہے علم کے پنجے میں شمشیرِ جہاں داری

میں آپ کی توجہ اس طرف مبذول کرانا چاہتا ہوں کہ ہمارے نبی رحمۃ للعالمین ﷺ نے بچیوں کی صحیح تعلیم و تربیت کرنے والوں کو جنت کی خوشخبری دی ہے، کیوں؟ اس لیے کہ کسی بچے کو پڑھانا ایک فرد کو پڑھانا ہے؛ لیکن کسی بچی کو تعلیم دینا پورے خاندان کو تعلیم دینا ہے، آپ ہمیں بتائیے کہ دین کی مکمل جانکاری کے ساتھ بچیاں اگر عالمہ نہیں بنیں تو جہالت کے دلدل سے خواتین کو کون نکالے گا اور حضرت عائشہؓ کا رول ادا کرنے والی خواتین کہاں سے آئیں گی؟ یہی نہیں بلکہ نبیٔ رحمتؐ نے بغیر کسی مرد اور عورت کی تفریق کے آج سے چودہ سو سال پہلے میڈیکل تعلیم کی ترغیب دی، غور کیجیے کہ شریعت کے دائرے میں رہتے ہوئے اگر بچیاں ڈاکٹر نہیں بنیں گی تو عورتوں کا علاج مردوں کو کرنا ہوگا اور جینٹس ڈاکٹر کی نظر لیڈیز پیشینٹ کے جسم کے ان حصوں پر پڑے گی جس کو نہ ہم پسند کرتے ہیں اور نہ ہماری شریعت۔

علم انسان کو انسان بنا دیتا ہے علم بے مایہ کو سلطان بنادیتا ہے علم جسے دے خدا اسے توفیق بھی دے ورنہ علم انسان کو شیطان بنا دیتا ہے

آئیے ہم آپ کو بتاتے ہیں کہ ہمارے دوسرے تعلیمی رہنما قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں تعلیم کے بارے میں کیا کہتے ہیں؟

حضرت ابوبکرؓ نے فرمایا: ’’علم پیغمبروں کی میراث ہے۔‘‘

حضرت عمرؓ نے بتایا: ’’طالب دنیا کو علم سکھانا ڈاکو کے ہاتھ تلوار بیچنا ہے۔‘‘

حضرت عثمانؓ نے سمجھایا: ’’برباد ہے وہ علم جس پر عمل نہ کیا جائے۔‘‘

حضرت علیؓ نے دکھایا: ’’شرافت عقل و ادب سے ہے نہ کہ مال و نسب سے۔‘‘

حضرت معاذؓ نے کہا: ’’علم کا سیکھنا نیکی اور اس کا سکھانا عبادت ہے۔‘‘

امام محمدؒ نے واضح کیا: ”ہمارا علمی مشغلہ بچپن سے موت تک ہونا چاہیے۔“

امام شافعیؒ نے اعلان کیا: ’’علم کا حاصل کرنا نفل پڑھنے سے بہتر ہے۔‘‘

امام غزالیؒ نے بتایا: ”بھلائی کی تعلیم میں والدین، اساتذہ اور مربی سب کو اجر ہے۔‘‘

شیخ عبدالقادر جیلانیؒ نے فرمایا: ’’حکم بدلتا ہے علم نہیں، حکم منسوخ ہوتا ہے علم نہیں۔‘‘

امام زہریؒ نے سمجھایا: ’’علم کا قیام ہے تو دین و دنیا قائم ہے۔‘‘

حضرت عطاؒ نے کہا: ’’علم کی ایک مجلس گناہ کی ستر مجلسوں کا کفارہ بنتی ہے۔‘‘

حضرت زرنوجیؒ نے اعلان کیا: ”علم ہی کی بدولت حضرت آدمؑ کو فرشتوں پر فضیلت ملی۔‘‘

شاہ ولی اللہؒ نے واضح کیا: ’’تعلیم کا مقصد معاشرے میں اسلامی رسموں کو رواج دینا ہے۔‘‘

حضرت تھانویؒ نے فرمایا: ’’دین کے مراکز ہی اس وقت اسلام کی بقا کی ایک صورت ہیں۔‘‘

حضرت مودودیؒ نے بتایا: ”انقلابِ امامت کے لیے انقلاب تعلیم ناگزیر ہے۔“

سرسید احمد خانؒ نے اعلان کیا: ”ہمارے دائیں ہاتھ میں قرآن، بائیں ہاتھ میں سائنس اور سر پر توحید کا تاج ہوگا۔“

مولانا ابوالکلام آزادؒ نے کہا: ”مقصدِ تعلیم معاشی مسائل حل کرنا نہیں، انسان کی تعمیرِ نو اصل ہے۔“

مفکّرِ اسلام علی میاں ندویؒ نے رہنمائی فرمائی کہ: ’’مدرسے اپنا کام چھوڑ دیں تو زندگی کے کھیت سوکھ جائیں اور انسانیت مرجھانے لگے۔“

آئیے عہد کریں کہ ہم اپنے معاشرے سے جہالت کی تاریکی کو دور کریں گے، علم کی روشنی گھر گھر پہنچائیں گے، اپنے بچوں کو معیاری تعلیم دیں گے اور اس حقیقت کو سچ کر دکھلائیں گے کہ:

اے علم تیری ذات سے دنیا کا بھلا ہے دنیا ہی نہیں دین کی بھی تجھ پہ بِنا ہے

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اس براؤزر میں میرا نام، ای میل، اور ویب سائٹ محفوظ رکھیں اگلی بار جب میں تبصرہ کرنے کےلیے۔

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Speech On Value Of Education

موجودہ دور میں ہر کوئی تعلیم کی اہمیت کو جانتا ہے اور یہی وجہ ہے کہ زیادہ سے زیادہ اسکول، یونیورسٹیاں اور کالج کھول کر عوام کو تعلیم دینے میں اتنی توانائی صرف کی گئی ہے۔ اس موضوع پر غور کرنا بہت ضروری ہے اس لیے ہم نے اس موضوع پر مختصر اور طویل دونوں تقاریر کا احاطہ کیا ہے۔ یہ تقاریر آپ کے اسکول کے کام یا کسی بھی تقریری تقریب میں آپ کی مدد کر سکتی ہیں اور آپ اپنے استاد یا سامعین کو متاثر کر سکتے ہیں۔

اردو میں تعلیم کی قدر پر طویل اور مختصر تقریر

صبح بخیر پرنسپل، اساتذہ اور میرے ساتھی طلباء!

کلاس 12 سے ششانک شرما میں تعلیم کی قدر پر تقریر کرنا چاہتا ہوں۔ مجھے اسٹیج پر دیکھ کر آپ حیران ہوئے ہوں گے۔ دراصل اس تقریری تقریب کے پیچھے کوئی خاص لیکن گہری وجہ نہیں ہے۔

گرمیوں کی تعطیلات کے دوران، مجھے ایک این جی او سے ملنے کا ایک شاندار موقع ملا جو پسماندہ بچوں کو تعلیم فراہم کرتی ہے۔ ان سے مل کر مجھے احساس ہوا کہ ہم کتنے خوش قسمت ہیں کہ ہم دہلی کے اعلیٰ اسکولوں میں زندگی سے نوازے گئے اور وہ تمام ممکنہ چیزیں حاصل کیں جن کی ہم خواہش رکھتے ہیں۔ ان بچوں کی قابل رحم حالت دیکھ کر میرا زندگی کا تجربہ کافی حد تک بدل گیا۔ تمام 12 سال کے بچے کسی دوسرے طالب علم کی طرح ٹھیک طرح سے لکھنے اور پڑھنے کے قابل نہیں تھے۔ بدقسمتی سے ان سب کو اچھے معیار تعلیم سے محروم رکھا گیا کیونکہ ان کے پاس اتنے پیسے نہیں تھے کہ وہ سکول کی فیس ادا کر سکیں۔ ہم ہر چیز کے لیے ہمیشہ خدا کو مورد الزام ٹھہراتے ہیں لیکن شاذ و نادر ہی ہم خدا کا شکر ادا کرتے ہیں کہ اس نے ہمیں ایسی مراعات یافتہ زندگی دی ہے۔

میں نے ان این جی اوز کے ذریعے بچوں کو معیاری تعلیم کے ساتھ بااختیار بنانے کا فیصلہ کیا جن سے میں وابستہ ہوں تاکہ وہ اپنی زندگی میں مثبت تبدیلیاں دیکھنا شروع کر سکیں۔ اس لیے میں یہاں آپ تمام طلبہ کے سامنے ہوں تاکہ آپ کو تعلیم کی اہمیت کا اندازہ ہو سکے۔ تعلیم بنی نوع انسان کے لیے خاص طور پر معاشرے کے پسماندہ طبقے کے لیے سب سے زیادہ بااختیار بنانے والا ذریعہ ہے جن کے پاس خوشحال وجود حاصل کرنے کے لیے تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بجائے کچھ نہیں ہے۔ ہمیں تعلیم کی اہمیت کو تسلیم کرنا چاہیے اور خلوص نیت سے مطالعہ کرنا چاہیے کیونکہ یہ بنی نوع انسان کی ترقی میں معاون ثابت ہوتی ہے اور قوم کو پوری دنیا میں خوشحالی سے ہمکنار کرتی ہے۔ یہ ہمیں مہذب بننے میں مدد کرتا ہے اور ہماری شناخت کو وحشی انسانوں سے الگ کرتا ہے۔ تعلیم ہمیں اندھیروں سے روشنی کی طرف لے جاتی ہے اور ہمیں عقلیت، رواداری، مقاصد حاصل کرنے کی طاقت وغیرہ جیسی نعمتیں دیتی ہے۔

تاہم صحیح قسم کی تعلیم حاصل کرنا ضروری ہے کیونکہ یہ معاشرے کو تنزلی کی طرف لے جانے کے بجائے نسل انسانی کو مجموعی فائدہ پہنچاتی ہے۔ مثال کے طور پر ہم دیکھ سکتے ہیں کہ ہر ملک اپنے آپ کو دنیا میں سب سے زیادہ طاقتور بنانے اور دوسری قوموں پر غلبہ حاصل کرنے کی کوشش کر رہا ہے۔ ہر ملک چاہتا ہے کہ اس کے پاس دنیا کے طاقتور ترین ہتھیار اور ایٹم بم ہوں تاکہ وہ دوسرے ممالک پر غلبہ حاصل کر سکے یا دہشت زدہ کر سکے۔ یہاں میں ایسے تباہ کن علم پر بحث نہیں کرنا چاہتا جس کا مقصد تباہی اور جنگ ہے۔ ہتھیاروں اور ایٹم بموں کا علم تب تک اچھا ہے جب تک اسے اپنی حفاظت کے لیے استعمال کیا جائے لیکن اس وقت اسے غیر ضروری خونریزی اور انسانوں کے قتل عام کے لیے استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔ ایسا کرنے سے علم ضائع ہو سکتا ہے۔

اس لیے اچھے علم اور برے علم میں تمیز کرنے کی مسلسل کوشش کرنی چاہیے اور تعلیم کے حق سے خود کو آگاہ کرنا چاہیے تاکہ ہم لوگوں اور قوموں کو اکٹھا کر سکیں اور غربت، جہالت، بے روزگاری، جرائم وغیرہ کی اس طرح کی مروجہ شکلوں کو روک سکیں۔ ہمارے معاشرے سے برائیوں کو مکمل طور پر جڑ سے اکھاڑ پھینکیں۔

میں ہر طالب علم سے گزارش کرتا ہوں کہ وہ نہ صرف ایمانداری سے مطالعہ کریں بلکہ علم کو دوسروں تک بھی پہنچائیں۔

معزز مینجمنٹ کمیٹی ممبران اور میرے پیارے اساتذہ – آپ سب کی طرف سے سلام!

میں، کرشنا اوستھی، ہمارے ABC NGO گروپ کے بانی اراکین میں سے ایک، آپ سب کو ہمارے کمیونٹی ہال میں خوش آمدید کہتا ہوں۔ جیسا کہ آپ سب جانتے ہیں کہ ہم نے کامیابی سے ایک سال مکمل کر لیا ہے اور اب ہمارا گروپ توسیع کی راہ پر گامزن ہے – مجھے یہ خبر سناتے ہوئے بہت خوشی ہوئی ہے اور مجھے یقین ہے کہ یہاں موجود تمام معززین بھی یہی سوچتے ہوں گے۔ اس میں کوئی شک نہیں کہ ہم نے اس این جی او گروپ کے لیے اپنا خون پسینہ دیا ہے اور اب اس کی توسیع کی خبریں سن کر ہمیں خوشی نہیں ہوتی۔

اس لیے اس شاندار موقع پر میری بہت خواہش ہے کہ میں تعلیم کی قدر پر تقریر کروں کیونکہ تعلیم ہمیں ایسے این جی او گروپس بنانے اور پسماندہ لوگوں کو تعلیم دینے کی ترغیب دیتی ہے۔ تاہم، مجھے یہ بتانے کی اجازت دیں کہ ہماری این جی او کے کام کرنے کے طریقے میں کچھ خامیاں ہیں تاکہ ہم اپنے آنے والے کل کو جتنا بہتر بنا سکیں۔

ابتدائی طور پر 10 طلباء اور اب 50 بچوں کی تعلیم کی نگرانی کرتے ہوئے یہ بات واضح ہے کہ ہم آہستہ آہستہ مزید بچوں کو لا رہے ہیں تاکہ بہت سے بچے اس سے مستفید ہو سکیں۔ تعلیم واضح طور پر ایک بہت اہم ذریعہ ہے اگر اسے اچھی طرح سے استعمال کیا جائے۔ اپنے بچوں کو اچھی تعلیم دے کر ہم ان کو بااختیار بنا سکتے ہیں اور انہیں اپنے معمولی وجود سے اٹھا سکتے ہیں۔ تعلیم ہی وہ واحد چیز ہے جو ان کی زندگی بھر ان کے ساتھ رہے گی اور انہیں ایک مضبوط انسان بننے میں مدد دے گی۔

ان سب کے علاوہ میں کچھ اور کہنا چاہوں گا۔ اگرچہ ہم واقعی اچھا کام کر رہے ہیں اور بچوں سے مثبت رائے حاصل کر رہے ہیں لیکن مجھے پھر بھی لگتا ہے کہ کچھ کمی ہے اور وہ ہے اضافی مشق کی سرگرمیاں۔ میرے لیے تعلیم کی اصل اہمیت صرف کتابیں پڑھنے اور امتحانات میں اچھی کارکردگی دکھانے میں نہیں ہے بلکہ اس کے عملی استعمال میں بھی ہے۔ ہمیں اپنے طلباء کو صرف روبوٹ نہیں بنانا چاہیے جو اپنے دماغ سے کچھ نہیں کر سکتے۔

اس کے لیے ہمیں ان کے لیے رقص، گانے، مصوری، شاعری لکھنے، مجسمہ سازی وغیرہ کے علاوہ دیگر سرگرمیاں شروع کرنے کی ضرورت ہے۔ بلاشبہ فنڈز کی کمی کی وجہ سے اپنے طلباء کو یہ تمام سہولیات فراہم کرنا ممکن نہیں لیکن ہم اس کے لیے کسی نہ کسی طرح کام ضرور کریں گے۔ اس طرح ہمارے طلبہ کو اپنی شخصیت کی نشوونما کے لیے اعتماد حاصل ہوگا۔

آئیے ہم ان میں اچھی اقدار کو ابھارنے اور ان میں روحانی نقطہ نظر پیدا کرنے کی کوشش کریں تاکہ وہ خود غرض افراد کے طور پر نہیں بلکہ ایسے افراد کے طور پر پروان چڑھیں جو اس معاشرے اور انسانیت کی ترقی میں اپنا حصہ ڈال سکیں۔ میں جانتا ہوں کہ ہم اپنے راستے پر ترقی کر رہے ہیں۔ ہم اپنے بچوں کو مضبوط اور پراعتماد افراد بنائیں گے جو اپنے اخلاق کو برقرار رکھتے ہوئے کسی بھی مشکل صورتحال سے نمٹنے کے قابل ہوں گے۔

میں نے آپ سب سے بس اتنا ہی کہنا تھا اور اب میں سب سے درخواست کرتا ہوں کہ وہ اپنی قیمتی رائے اور تجاویز دیں تاکہ ہم اس کے مطابق اپنے اگلے لائحہ عمل کی منصوبہ بندی کر سکیں۔

محترم پرنسپل، نائب صدر، اساتذہ، میرے پیارے طلباء اور تمام والدین – آپ سب کو سلام!

آج پیرنٹ ٹیچر میٹنگ کا دن تھا مجھے امید ہے کہ پوری میٹنگ اچھی رہی اور والدین کو اپنے بچوں کے اپنے اساتذہ سے مناسب رائے ملی۔ والدین اور اساتذہ کی میٹنگ کے علاوہ، مینیجنگ کمیٹی نے ‘تعلیم کی قدر’ کے عنوان پر ایک تقریری تقریب منعقد کرنے کا بھی فیصلہ کیا۔ چونکہ یہ موضوع سب کے لیے متعلقہ ہے، اس لیے والدین اور اساتذہ کی ملاقات کا دن اس تقریب کے لیے سب سے زیادہ موزوں ہے۔

اس موضوع پر تقریر کرنے کے لیے آئی شرمستھا وششت کو سیکنڈری کلاسز کی سوشل سائنس ٹیچر ہونے کے ناطے منتخب کیا گیا ہے۔ اگرچہ یہ موقع اس موضوع پر بولنے کا حق ہے لیکن میں بولنے کو تیار نہیں ہوں کیونکہ یہ موضوع ہمارے دل کے اتنا قریب ہے کہ کوئی بھی اس پر بات کر سکتا ہے اور اپنے جائز نکات پیش کر سکتا ہے۔ اس لیے یہاں خاموشی سے سننے کے بجائے، میں چاہوں گا کہ آپ سوالات اٹھائیں تاکہ آپ سب اس موضوع پر ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ شریک ہو کر دوسروں کی رہنمائی کر سکیں۔

میں یہاں تمام سامعین سے پوچھتا ہوں کہ تعلیم دراصل کیا ہے؟ کیا یہ صرف ماہرین تعلیم، بنیادی مہارت حاصل کرنے اور عقلیت پسند ہونے کے بارے میں ہے؟ یا اس سے زیادہ ہے؟ اور اگر اس سے زیادہ ہو تو کیا اسے واضح الفاظ میں بیان کیا جا سکتا ہے؟ جہاں تک میری رائے کا تعلق ہے میں یہ کہنا چاہوں گا کہ تعلیم ایک ایسا عمل ہے جو زندگی بھر کام کرتا ہے اور ہر ممکن تجربہ فراہم کرتا ہے چاہے یہ رسمی ہو یا غیر رسمی ترتیب۔ اس لیے میں سمجھتا ہوں کہ تعلیم صرف کچھ کتابوں یا کلاس روم میں پڑھنے تک محدود نہیں ہے بلکہ اس سے بھی بڑھ کر ہے۔ اس کا مقصد نظام کو سیکھنے کے حقائق اور اعداد و شمار نہیں ہونا چاہئے بلکہ حاصل کی جانے والی مہارت ہونا چاہئے۔

بدقسمتی سے موجودہ دور میں ہم تعلیم کے بنیادی مقصد کو پیچھے چھوڑ چکے ہیں جو کہ آج کے دور میں زیادہ نمبر حاصل کرنے کا تصور ہے۔ مزید یہ کہ حکومتی پالیسیوں، ہمارے معاشرے کے دوہرے معیار اور یقیناً ناقص معاشی ترقی نے تعلیم کے بنیادی مقصد کو مسخ کر دیا ہے۔ مجھے یقین ہے کہ آپ سب نے یہ سطریں ضرور سنی ہوں گی جو ان دنوں ہر کسی کی زبان پر ہیں، “پڑھےگا بھارت، تھیبی سے بڈھےگا بھارت” لیکن جب ہندوستانی آبادی کی اکثریت غربت کی لکیر سے نیچے زندگی بسر کر رہی ہے اور اپنی بنیادی ضروریات بھی پوری نہیں کر سکتی تو ہندوستان کیسے ترقی کر سکتا ہے۔ ?

پرائیویٹ سکولوں کے لیے تعلیم پیسہ کمانے کا کاروبار بن چکی ہے اور سرکاری سکولوں میں تعلیمی نظام اب بھی انتہائی ناقص ہے۔ ہم اس خلا کو کیسے ختم کر سکتے ہیں؟ اور ہم ایسے سکولوں کو تعلیم کے نام پر بھاری فنڈز اکٹھا کرنے سے کیسے روک سکتے ہیں؟ تعلیم کی قدر کی سطح اسی وقت بلند ہو سکتی ہے جب کوئی بچہ تعلیم سے محروم نہ رہے اور اپنی صلاحیتوں کا بہترین استعمال کرے۔ دوسرا، زیادہ سے زیادہ نمبر حاصل کرنے پر توجہ مرکوز نہیں کی جانی چاہئے بلکہ عملی مہارتوں کو حاصل کرنے پر مرکوز کیا جانا چاہئے جو بعد میں ان طلباء کے لئے آمدنی کا ایک اچھا ذریعہ بنیں اور ملک کی معیشت کو بہتر بنانے میں مدد کریں۔

لہٰذا ہمیں ایک تعلیمی ادارے کے طور پر اپنے اردگرد رہنے والے ہر بچے تک تعلیم کو قابل رسائی بنانے کے لیے مل کر کام کرنا چاہیے اور اپنے طلبہ کو پہلے نیک انسان بننے کے لیے اور پھر بڑے عالم بننے کی کوشش کرنی چاہیے۔

ہمارے معزز مہمانوں، محترم پرنسپلز، اساتذہ اور میرے پیارے دوستوں کی طرف سے آپ سب کو سلام!

ہر بچہ اس دنیا میں “آسمانی جلال کے پیچھے چلنے والے بادلوں” کے ساتھ پیدا ہوتا ہے۔ اور اچانک خدا کی طرف سے بھیجے گئے یہ چھوٹے رسول اپنے آپ کو خوف، شک اور الجھن سے بھرے ہوئے پاتے ہیں۔ یہاں تعلیم کا کردار اہم ہے۔ جب یہ خدا کے تحفے خوف، اندیشے اور شک کے ساتھ جدوجہد کرتے ہیں، تو تعلیم ان کی حفاظت کرتی ہے اور اندھیرے، ان کے خوف اور ان کے شکوک و شبہات پر قابو پانے میں ان کی مدد کرتی ہے۔ جب ایسا ہوتا ہے تو دنیا روشن اور خوش نظر آتی ہے اور بچوں کو اچھے انسان بننے میں مدد دیتی ہے۔

لیکن تعلیم خود بخود نہیں آتی کیوں کہ ایسا درمیانی کوئی ایسا آلہ ہونا چاہیے جو علم دے سکے اور انہیں سیدھا راستہ دکھا سکے۔ ایسی صورت حال میں یقیناً ایک استاد ہی صحیح کردار ادا کر سکتا ہے اور وہ ایسا شخص ہے جس کے پاس بہت زیادہ تجربہ ہے اور وہ بچوں کو صحیح اور غلط میں فرق پہچاننے میں مدد کرتا ہے۔ یقیناً یہ والدین ہی ہیں جو بچوں کے لیے بہترین رہنما کے طور پر کام کرتے ہیں اور انہیں ایک ذمہ دار شہری کے طور پر تیار کرنے میں مدد کرتے ہیں، کیونکہ یہ خالی کتابی علم حاصل کرنا کافی نہیں ہے۔ اس سے آگے بڑھ کر، بچوں کو یہ سیکھنا چاہیے کہ اپنی زندگی کیسے گزارنی ہے، اپنے طرز عمل کو بہتر بنانا ہے، شائستہ ہونا اور دوسروں کے ساتھ کیسا سلوک کرنا ہے۔ پھر تعلیم مکمل ہو جاتی ہے اور اسے اپنے مقصد کے لیے موزوں سمجھا جاتا ہے۔

آئیے میں آپ کے ساتھ تعلیم کی قدر پر ایک مختصر کہانی شیئر کرتا ہوں۔ ایک دفعہ ایک آدمی صحرا سے گزر رہا تھا کہ اچانک اسے کسی کی آواز سنائی دی کہ ’’کچھ کنکریاں لے لو اور اپنے پاس رکھ لو کل تمہارے لیے خوشی اور غم دونوں لائے گا‘‘۔

اس آدمی نے بھی ایسا ہی کیا اور اگلی صبح اٹھا تو اس نے اپنی جیب میں دیکھا تو اس میں یاقوت، ہیرے اور زمرد پائے گئے۔ وہ اس وقت خوش بھی تھا اور اداس بھی۔ وہ خوش تھا کیونکہ اس نے کنکریاں اٹھا لی تھیں اور زیادہ کنکریاں نہ اٹھانے کی وجہ سے اداس تھا۔ تعلیم کا بھی یہی حال ہے۔

تو میرے پیارے دوست آئیے تعلیم کی قدر کو برقرار رکھیں تاکہ آنے والے دنوں میں ہمیں اداس نہ ہو۔ تعلیم وہ دولت ہے جسے کوئی چرا نہیں سکتا لیکن آپ اسے دوسروں تک بھی پہنچا سکتے ہیں۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ ہمارے لیے ضروری ہے کہ ہم علم کی صورت میں دوسروں کے ساتھ کیا شئیر کر رہے ہیں اس سے پوری طرح آگاہ ہوں کیونکہ ہم بامقصد اور اچھی زندگی کے لیے علم بانٹ رہے ہیں نہ کہ ایسی چیز جس سے لوگوں اور برادریوں کو تباہ ہو جائے۔

تعلیم سب سے طاقتور ذریعہ ہے اس لیے اسے سمجھداری سے استعمال کریں۔ اگر آپ وسائل سے مالا مال ہیں تو دوسروں کو علم بانٹ کر صحیح اور غلط اور اخلاقی اقدار میں فرق کرنے میں مدد کریں۔ اگر تعلیم اقدار اور پالیسیوں پر مبنی ہو گی جو اچھے اخلاقی اصولوں سے مضبوط ہو گی تو ہماری نسل عقلی انسان بن کر پروان چڑھے گی۔ اس کے برعکس اگر تعلیم خود غرضی پر قائم ہو جائے تو اس معاشرے کو تباہ ہونے سے کوئی نہیں روک سکتا اور ہر طرف افراتفری مچ جاتی ہے۔

تو آئیے اپنی آنے والی نسل کو اچھی اقدار دینے کی ذمہ داری لیں اور یہ عہد کریں کہ اچھے اور ذمہ دار عالمی شہری بننے کے لیے تعلیم کے بنیادی مقصد کو کبھی نہیں بھولیں گے۔

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Schools try to balance freedom of speech and security during student protests

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Sequoia Carrillo

Schools weigh freedom of speech and safety risks as nationwide protests pop up on college campuses over the Israel-Hamas conflict.

JUANA SUMMERS, HOST:

The turmoil on college campuses over the Israel-Hamas War continues to spread. Protests and arrests at Columbia University have been followed by demonstrations and arrests at NYU and Yale as well as rallies in sit-ins at Michigan, Harvard and the University of California, Berkeley. While many campuses remain calm, administrators are working to ensure the safety of all their students. NPR's Sequoia Carrillo reports.

SEQUOIA CARRILLO, BYLINE: Colleges are walking a fine line this week as students on both sides of a deeply emotional conflict take to their campuses to protest. The demonstration, says Ted Mitchell...

TED MITCHELL: They raise this really complicated tension between freedom of speech and protecting student safety.

CARRILLO: Mitchell is the president of the American Council on Education, an umbrella organization for higher-ed institutions. He's been following closely as more than a hundred students were arrested during a peaceful protest at Columbia this weekend, dozens more at Yale and then last night at NYU. Mitchell says two things are critical right now for campus leaders.

MITCHELL: First of all, to be clear about what campus policies are and what they're not, and then, second, to be consistent - and this is where I think there's been a lot of struggle, where one group feels that they are being treated differently than another group. That's a very dangerous spot for higher-ed administrators to be.

CARRILLO: At Ohio State University last week, a protest march on campus featured students chanting and calling for the university to divest from Israeli companies. Administrators are calling for students to treat each other with respect and dignity. In a statement, spokesman Ben Johnson noted that, so far, no students have been removed, but police and trained staff are on-site for demonstrations.

BEN JOHNSON: And we remind students, faculty and staff frequently that when protected speech becomes incitement or becomes a threat of violence, the university has and will always move quickly to enforce the law and enforce university policy.

CARRILLO: Harvard's president Alan Garber told the student newspaper that he could not rule out the use of police, but added that the school has a very high bar before doing so. At the University of Michigan, students have also set up an encampment on the main quad. Officials at the university provided a statement to NPR. It reads, students are able to engage in peaceful protests in many places on campus. And at the same time, the university has a responsibility to maintain an environment that is conducive to learning and academic success. No one has the right to substantially disrupt university activities or to violate laws or university policies.

Mitchell from the American Council on Education says colleges can and will move past this turmoil, but it will take time.

MITCHELL: Let's be clear. Universities are not crumbling. The actions taking place on universities are setting the table for long, deep debates - whether it's debates about investment in Israel or about two-state solutions to the Middle East politics or about the history of the region. And so this is a loud way of setting that table for the future.

CARRILLO: With graduation mere weeks away, it may be some time before students and faculty get to sit down at that table and work things through. Sequoia Carrillo, NPR News.

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Opinion | Not teaching speech: University crackdowns are…

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Opinion | not teaching speech: university crackdowns are a cop-out.

Not teaching speech: University crackdowns are a cop-out

On university campuses across America, students are getting a hands-on lesson in speech repression as their administrators respond to their pro-Palestinian organizing by calling in the cavalry almost immediately.

It’s useful here to draw a line between the consequence of measured, administrative, intra-university action and the consequence of police response and arrest. A student who makes comments that could be perceived as threatening or harassing other students should be the focus of a disciplinary hearing where administrators examine the evidence and the students’ conduct history and so on with violators facing campus punishment, like suspension.

Then there is calling in the cops to make arrests of individual students as trespassers or large roundups with mass arrests.

At Emory University, police violently arrested a professor who had knelt down beside a student being arrested, and who had not touched the student or the cops or otherwise done anything threatening. After officers grabbed her, it was she who was charged with battery.

Dozens were arrested at the public, First Amendment-bound campus of the University of Texas at Austin, including a local TV photographer who was covering the situation. At many more campuses around the country, students and faculty have been arrested for, essentially, sitting around and making a political opinion known.

Here in New York, Columbia has recognized that inviting in the NYPD to clear the initial tent city was a mistake and Friday said “that to bring back the NYPD at this time would be counterproductive, further inflaming what is happening on campus, and drawing thousands to our doorstep who would threaten our community.”

University administrators have justified arrests by pointing to antisemitic incidents. This avoids the difficult work of managing competing constituencies and interests on campus. Calling the cops is in effect a cop-out, an abdication of universities’ role as clearinghouses of debate and ideas. Memories of police responses to campus protests past can obscure the fact that this has not always been the first resort. Now, student demonstrations barely have enough time to get set up before the riot officers start arriving.

It’s an anti-speech strategy and an ineffective one at that, in that it only makes students more militant and determined; had the original encampment at Columbia been allowed to continue for the few remaining weeks until the end of the semester, it would have generated some headlines. Instead, Columbia’s almost immediate crackdown has spurred encampments all around the country, and grown that university’s own.

Inevitably, there will be those who accuse us of turning a blind eye towards the antisemitism that infects some of the protests, having apparently not read any other of this board’s editorials . We believe that the student demonstrators are wrong in calling for a boycott of Israel, which is the objective of many, if not all, of the encampments. What we do support is a commitment to robust speech protections on campus — a position that, by the way, many of those cheering on the crackdowns at one point or another have also claimed to hold.

Universities can deal with truly threatening or harassing student behavior with investigations, suspensions and expulsion if need be — the tools that already exist for this. Leave the cops for the crimes, not the thought crimes.

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Wednesday, May 1, is the usual date when high school seniors have to decide what college they will attend. But for far too many kids and their families across the country, this is not a usual year as they still don't even know how much they will have to pay for tuition, room and board when their freshmen semesters begin in the fall.

Opinion | FAFSA mess makes IRS look good: Why can’t the feds get both of them right?

The 5 pieces of advice Rainn Wilson from ‘The Office’ gave during his Utah graduation speech

The actor known for playing dwight schrute spoke to students about happiness, love and community — plus dungeons and dragons..

(Bethany Baker | The Salt Lake Tribune) Celebrity Rainn Wilson quotes from the TV series “The Office” at the beginning of his commencement address at the graduation ceremonies at Weber State University in Ogden on Friday, April 26, 2024.

In a commencement speech full of humor, heart and plenty of “that’s what she said” jokes, actor Rainn Wilson shared with graduates on Friday his secrets for happiness — or what he referred to as advice for “not ending up like a grumpy old jerk face.”

Wilson walked to the podium at Weber State University ’s ceremony to roaring cheers and shouts of “We love you, Dwight.” The celebrity, best known for his role as the uptight assistant to the regional manager Dwight Schrute in the TV show “The Office,” returned that fervor in full.

“Blood alone moves the wheels of history,” he yelled, throwing his fist in the air. The audience screamed in excitement at the reference, from an episode where the character Dwight gives a speech upon winning paper salesman of the year and ends up being tricked into quoting a dictator.

“Wait. No, no, no, stop,” Wilson joked from the stage at the Ogden school. “What am I thinking? That’s terrible, quoting from a long canceled television show. Dwight Schrute quoting Jim Halpert quoting Benito Mussolini of all people.”

He clarified for the crowd of students in purple gowns filling the rows of seats of arena and snapping photos of him with their phones: “This isn’t Dwight’s speech. This is Rainn’s speech.”

Setting aside concerns about identify theft, it was a romping combination of both the actor and the role that’s come to define him, alongside his work as an author and advocate.

“I have something much bigger and better in store for you,” he said, laughing before the punchline. “That’s what she said.”

It was announced last month that Wilson was selected to speak at the Utah graduation — landing as one of the biggest names and most expensive to ever be contracted for a commencement ceremony at a public college or university in the state.

Weber State said students wanted someone memorable and agreed to pay $125,000 for a 20-minute speech from Wilson . Initially, 70% of that was covered by an anonymous donor, and the school shuffled funds to cover the rest. But after the details of the contract were published by The Salt Lake Tribune, another donor stepped forward to pay for the remainder of the cost, according to a spokesperson for the college.

The actor was awarded an honorary doctorate degree by the university. Wilson, dressed in a black graduation gown, looked out over the crowd and mouthed, “I’m a doctor now!” Then he patted the Weber State trustee on the head who handed him the framed diploma.

(Bethany Baker | The Salt Lake Tribune) Celebrity Rainn Wilson reacts as he receives an honorary degree during the graduation ceremonies at Weber State University in Ogden on Friday, April 26, 2024.

In his address, Wilson spoke about the challenges he’s faced in his career, his own mental health struggles and how he’s learned to “overcome and navigate” it all. For every show like “The Office,” he said, he’s done a dozen other pilots or projects that never got off the ground. At times, he battled depression, loneliness, addiction and “the granddaddy of them all: anxiety.”

To power through, he said, he relied on love, altruism, community and hope.

He quoted Martin Luther King Jr. and Rumi and E.M. Forster, alongside references to hippies and SpongeBob.

It was the actor’s first-ever graduation speech, he noted. He’s given best man speeches and award show speeches and locker room speeches. “That was a little bit awkward because I wasn’t on the team,” he joked. “I didn’t even play lacrosse. I just happened to walk into the locker room with my shirt off.”

He said he was initially unsure what to impart “to 4,000 brilliant graduating Wildcats, and a couple hundred other idiot Wildcats who really shouldn’t be able to graduate at this ceremony. You know who you are.” Weber State President Brad Mortensen chuckled from his seat behind the actor.

Wilson distilled his thoughts into five pieces of advice. And he ended up speaking for more time than his contract required. It lasted seven minutes longer than expected. That’s what she said.

Here are Wilson’s takeaways for living a happy and meaningful life.

1. “Gather a bouquet of virtues.”

Wilson joked that there are two types of senior citizens: those who are sweet and wise and those who are mean and grumpy. He told students to live in a way that would shape them into the former.

To do that, he said, the graduates should embrace kindness, humility, honesty, wisdom — what he referred to as “spiritual virtues.”

“Picture each virtue as a flower in a bouquet,” Wilson said. “Compassion is a rose. Love is a lily.”

Life, he said, should be focused on each person acquiring those qualities and flexing them like muscles in the gym. “Instead of leg day, have one day be compassion day,” he said.

When you get old, he told students, those bouquets of qualities will be all that’s left. “When we die, we don’t take with us our Teslas or our Xboxes.”

2. Become “other-centered.”

Wilson said the devil is “not a creature with a pitchfork,” but rather the human ego. It pushes you to put yourself first, pushes you to compare yourself to others, pushes you to doubt yourself.

“Rainn, your speech sucks. Utah hates you,” he joked, imitating the voice in his head. “This hat looks stupid. And your head looks like a giant melon. But at least I’m a better speaker than John Krasinski. What an idiot.”

He referred to the psychologist Dr. Martin Seligman who did a study with his students. He started by having them take a survey to measure their happiness. Then, he instructed them to spend a weekend having the most fun they could think of. The students went shopping, partied and played video games. When they came back to class and took the same survey, their happiness scores had gone down.

The next weekend, Seligman instructed the students to be of service to someone else — visit a sick relative or “watch ‘The Office’ with a depressed friend,” Wilson suggested. They took the survey once again. Their scores increased and stayed higher longer.

“Selfishness doesn’t work,” Wilson concluded. He told graduates to walk out the doors of the arena after the ceremony and find a way to serve others.

3. “Live like it’s Dungeons and Dragons.”

Young people today, Wilson said, are battling heightened levels of mental health issues. And much of it, he attributes to social media and phones. “They separate us from each other,” he continued. “… They give the illusion of connection, but in reality they disconnect us.”

He said one solution is clear to him: Dungeons and Dragons, the role-playing fantasy game where players craft their own storylines.

“It’s a group of people on a mission, working together, elbow to elbow, without any devices or screens,” Wilson said. “They’re playing, laughing and most importantly slaying orcs and gathering treasure.”

The actor joked that it didn’t actually have to be that game — though it helped him as a teenager — but could be anything where you are present, connect with people and “put your d--- phones away.”

He quoted George Vaillant, an American psychiatrist, who said: “The only thing that really matters in life are your relationships to other people.” Wilson told the graduates to lean on the friendships and connections they made at Weber State.

(Bethany Baker | The Salt Lake Tribune) An attendee records celebrity Rainn Wilson as he delivers the commencement address at the graduation ceremonies at Weber State University in Ogden on Friday, April 26, 2024.

4. “Devote yourself to love.”

“What keeps you from living in maximum love all time, like Jesus, like the Dalai Lama, like SpongeBob?” Wilson asked the crowd. “… Fear is one reason. Fear is the opposite of love.”

He encouraged those in the audience to drop their guards, turn toward each other and “express warmth” to those around them — through eye contact, handshakes, hugs and high fives.

One member of Weber State’s board of trustees jumped up from his seat on the stage to share warmth with Wilson — by smooching him on the cheek.

“What a Wildcat,” Wilson said, appearing surprised and laughing.

He then mentioned that the graduates should show love whenever they can — to anyone and everyone, regardless of their differences in race and gender and religion.

The actor referred to the Pando aspen grove in central Utah. It looks like multiple trees, but it is all one organism.

“It’s right here in your backyard,” he said. “I’m not joking. It’s in Fish Lake, Utah. Google it if you don’t believe me.”

Wilson said that should be an example that we’re the same, as humans, and should love each other. “We might look like a few thousand graduates and one incredibly handsome commencement speaker,” he said, “but we’re all one.”

5. “Keep hope alive.”

Wilson recalled a story where he was talking to his acting teacher about being depressed and sad about the world. The teacher grabbed Wilson by the arm and said, “Don’t. Don’t do it. You can’t be cynical. You can’t be pessimistic. If you do, then they win.”

Without hope, Wilson said, “you’ll just sit on your couch and not do anything.”

Hope is what changes the world, he believes. Hope and love and community and giving and virtue, and yes, some humor, too. And that’s what he said.

(Bethany Baker | The Salt Lake Tribune) Celebrity Rainn Wilson holds up the "W" sign with his hands after he delivers the commencement address at the graduation ceremonies at Weber State University in Ogden on Friday, April 26, 2024.

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US has long history of college protests: Here's what happened in the past

speech in urdu for education

Pro-Palestinian demonstrators have taken over parts of college campuses across the U.S., the latest in a decades-long string of protests ignited by political activism — some of which have spiraled into violence amid police crackdowns .

In the past, free speech sit-ins quickly escalated into massive rallies, Vietnam War college demonstrations turned deadly and U.S. civil rights protests ended in mass arrests.

The circumstances of each protest were different, but the story is familiar: Young people demanded changes on their campuses or in the world — and their impassioned demonstrations often escalated amid clashes with authorities.

Columbia , the university at the center of the current wave of protests, has even seen similar protests before, including during the Vietnam War in 1968. Demonstrations led the university to end classified war research and stop military recruitment, among other changes, wrote Rosalind Rosenberg, a professor of history at Barnard College, for Barnard Magazine .

Today's demonstrators also have specific changes in mind, often involving divestment from Israel , citing the deaths of more than 34,000 Palestinian people who died in Gaza amid Israel's bombardment and ground assault. That military campaign was triggered by Hamas' incursion into southern Israel on Oct. 7, when about 1,200 people, mostly civilians, were killed and more than 240 people were taken hostage.

But as campus authorities react swiftly, citing safety concerns and calling in police to break up encampents, it's unclear if or how the current protests will influence the Israel-Hamas war.

USA TODAY revisited four monumental campus protests to explain how college protests have become a staple of American life and often influence the outcomes of political strife. Here's a look at how previous campus protests unfolded — and whether they were successful in their causes.

University of California, Berkeley: Free Speech in 1960s

At the University of California Berkeley starting in 1964, students protested the university's limits on political activities and free speech during the civil rights movement and Vietnam-war era.

"In the wake of  McCarthyism’s  anti-Communist sentiments during the 1950s, public universities in California had enacted numerous regulations limiting  students’ political activities ," wrote Karen Aichinger for the Free Speech Center at Middle Tennessee University. "At the University of California, Berkeley, student groups taking part in any on- or off-campus political activities were banned from campus."

What transpired were "small sit-ins and demonstrations" that "escalated into a series of large-scale rallies and protests demanding full constitutional rights on campus," reads the UC Berkeley website.

Nearly 800 students were arrested by local police as a result.

The students' protest ultimately worked in their favor. The university eventually overturned policies that would restrict the content of speech or advocacy, according to the college.

"Today, the Movement stands as a symbol of the importance of protecting and preserving free speech and academic freedom," reads the UC Berkeley website.

Kent State University in Ohio: Vietnam War in 1970

The most prolific university protest of the Vietnam War happened at Kent State University in Ohio in May 1970. Students started protesting the Vietnam War and the U.S. invasion of Cambodia on their campus on May 2. Two days later, the National Guard opened fire into a sea of antiwar protesters and passerbys. The soldiers killed four young people – Allison Krause, Jeffrey Miller, Sandra Scheuer, and William Knox Schroeder – and injured several others with their violence.

"The impact of the shootings was dramatic," wrote Jerry Lewis and Thomas Hensley in an article for Kent State University. "The event triggered a nationwide student strike that forced hundreds of colleges and universities to close."

The shootings also influenced national politics, Lewis and Hensley wrote.

"In The Ends of Power, (H.R.) Haldeman, (a top aide to President Richard Nixon), states that the shootings at Kent State began the slide into Watergate, eventually destroying the Nixon administration," the article reads.

Today, the protest and shootings "certainly come to symbolize the deep political and social divisions that so sharply divided the country during the Vietnam War era," Lewis and Hensley wrote.

Jackson State College in Mississippi: Racial Injustice in 1970

Days after the shootings at Kent State, police opened gunfire at a college dormitory Jackson State College in Mississippi, a school with a predominantly Black student population.

Black students there were protesting racial injustice, including how they were treated by white drivers speeding on campus, according to the university .

Police received a call that Black young people were throwing rocks at white drivers near the campus. Police arrived at the scene and shot hundreds of bullets into Alexander Hall, according to an FBI report, NPR reported . Police killed two students – Phillip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green – and injured 12 others. The college also canceled its graduation due to the killings and unrest.

At a 2021 commencement ceremony, the university honored 74 of the students who were unable to walk the stage in 1970, NBC reported . At the commencement ceremony, Jackson Mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba said police “unjustly gunned down two innocent young Black men, terrorized and traumatized a community of Black students and committed one of the gravest sins in our city’s history," NBC reported .

The killings at Jackson State College and Kent State University national sparked outrage. College students across the nation protested on their campuses, according to the Zinn Education Project , a collaboration of historical content from the groups  Rethinking Schools  and  Teaching for Change .

"The spring of 1970 saw the first general student strike in the history of the United States, students from over four hundred colleges and universities calling off classes to protest the invasion of Cambodia, the Kent State affair, the killing of two black students at Jackson State College in Mississippi, and the continuation of the war," wrote Howard Zinn in the book "You Can't Be Neutral on a Moving Train ."

Angus Johnston, an adjunct assistant professor at Hostos Community College of the City University of New York and a historian of student activism, said after both events: "There was a period of about 30 years or so where it tended to be fairly unlikely that campuses would respond with mass arrests even in the case of admin building occupations."

Nationwide: South Africa anti-Apartheid protests in 1985

Another form of popular college campus protest occurred in the 1980's. Students across the country wanted their colleges to cut ties with groups that supported from the South African apartheid.

"Under apartheid, race restricted every aspect of life for South Africans who were Black, Indian and colored — a multiracial classification created by the government," The New York Times reported . "There were strict limits on where they could live, attend school, work and travel.

Columbia University was at the center of the movement. Students led by the Coalition for a Free South Africa at Columbia University "blockaded Hamilton Hall, the university’s administrative building, leading to the first successful divestiture campaign at the university," reads a summary of the events from the Zinc Education Project .

There was less pushback for protesters during this time, due to a “certain embarrassment among elites in the United States that there was complicity with South Africa’s white government,” said Daniel Farber, a history professor at the University of Kansas who has studied American activism, reports Vox Media .

Columbia University was one of the first colleges to divest from doing business with South Africa and 155 universities followed suit. U.S. Congress also passed the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act in 1986, which aimed to prevent new trade and investment between the nation and South Africa.

What is the future of college protests in America?

Free speech experts told USA TODAY that students should continue to peacefully protest in open campus spaces to avoid conflict.

Alex Morey, the director of campus rights advocacy for the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, encourages universities to remain neutral in times of unrest and not to call in authorities unless a demonstration turns violent. The national nonprofit defends Americans rights to free speech and thought.

"Peaceful protest is a hallmark of a healthy speech climate on American college campuses and it has been for decades – whether it's the Berkeley free speech movement, or students protesting the Vietnam War era or civil rights," Morey said. "Generations of students have felt passionately about certain issues and the open air places on campuses are great places to support their views."

Contact Kayla Jimenez at [email protected] .  Follow her on X at @kaylajjimenez.

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Pennsylvania board’s cancellation of gay actor’s school visit ill-advised, education leaders say

FILE - Actor Maulik Pancholy attends the premiere of "Trishna" during the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival on Friday, April 27, 2012 in New York. A Pennsylvania school board's cancellation of an upcoming appearance by actor and children’s book author Maulik Pancholy was ill-advised and sends a hurtful message, especially to the LGBTQ+ community, education officials said in a letter Thursday, April 18, 2024. (AP Photo/Evan Agostini, File)

FILE - Actor Maulik Pancholy attends the premiere of “Trishna” during the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival on Friday, April 27, 2012 in New York. A Pennsylvania school board’s cancellation of an upcoming appearance by actor and children’s book author Maulik Pancholy was ill-advised and sends a hurtful message, especially to the LGBTQ+ community, education officials said in a letter Thursday, April 18, 2024. (AP Photo/Evan Agostini, File)

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MECHANICSBURG, Pa. (AP) — A Pennsylvania school board’s cancellation of an upcoming appearance by actor and children’s book author Maulik Pancholy was ill-advised and sends a hurtful message, especially to the LGBTQ+ community, education officials said.

A member of Cumberland Valley School District’s board cited concerns about what he described as Pancholy’s activism and “lifestyle” before the board voted unanimously Monday to cancel his appearance at a May 22 assembly at the Mountain View Middle School. Pancholy, who is gay, was scheduled to speak against bullying.

Besides their concerns about Pancholy, some board members also noted the district’s policy about not hosting overtly political events, news outlets reported. The policy was enacted after the district was criticized for hosting a rally by Donald Trump during his 2016 campaign for president.

District Superintendent Mark Blanchard and nine other senior leaders — including assistant superintendents and district-level directors of technology, curriculum, legal affairs, human resources, student services and special education — sent a letter to the board, faculty and staff on Thursday asserting that Pancholy’s speech should have been allowed. Pancholy’s representatives shared a copy of the letter with The Associated Press.

FILE - Actor Maulik Pancholy attends the premiere of "Trishna" during the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival on Friday, April 27, 2012 in New York. The school board has reversed it's decision to cancel an upcoming speech by Pancholy due to concerns about what they described as his activism and “lifestyle.” The board voted 5-4, Wednesday, April 24, 2024, to allow Pancholy to speak at assembly next month where he will speak out against bullying.(AP Photo/Evan Agostini, File)

The education officials said they were not given “a real opportunity” to answer questions or provide guidance about the event, which they said was aimed at reinforcing the importance of treating all people equally.

The administrators added that the school board’s decision had “significant ramifications for our school community, especially for our students and staff who are members of the LGBTQ+ community.” They also noted that the actor’s sexual identity was cited as a factor in the decision, meaning “Mr. Pancholy’s personhood was reduced to a single aspect, and his ability to communicate a message of anti-bullying and hate was discredited.”

The Associated Press sent emails to individual school board members seeking comment Friday.

Pancholy, 48, is an award-winning actor, including for his roles on the television shows “30 Rock” and “Weeds,” and as the voice of Baljeet in the Disney animated series, “Phineas & Ferb.” He also has written children’s books and in 2014 was named by then-President Barack Obama to serve on the President’s Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, where he co-founded a campaign to combat AAPI bullying.

Pancholy’s appearance was scheduled by the school’s leadership team, which each year selects an author to present a “unique educational experience for students,” according to the district.

The school board’s vote to cancel Pancholy’s appearance also sparked criticism from several parents, students and community members, who called the decision “homophobic.” Some have started online petitions urging that Pancholy’s appearance be reinstated.

In a statement posted on social media this week, Pancholy said his school visits are meant “to let all young people know that they’re seen.”

“To let them know that they matter.”

He also said that one of the reasons he became an author was because as a child he never saw himself represented in stories.

“That’s the power of books. They build empathy,” Pancholy wrote. “I wonder why a school board is so afraid of that?”

speech in urdu for education

USC cancels ‘main stage’ commencement ceremony

A graduate puts on her cap at USC's 2022 commencement.

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USC announced Thursday that it is canceling its main May commencement ceremony, capping a dramatic series of moves that began last week after it informed valedictorian Asna Tabassum, who had been opposed by pro-Israel groups, that she would not be delivering the traditional speech .

In ending the university-wide May 10 graduation ceremony altogether, President Carol Folt aimed to quell the controversy that grew as the school chipped away at core parts of the ritual , drawing criticism from both pro-Palestinian and pro-Israel activists.

The cancellation took place amid unrest on university campuses across the nation stemming from the Israel-Hamas war. On Wednesday at a pro-Palestinian encampment at USC, 93 students and off-campus activists were arrested.

“With the new safety measures in place this year, the time needed to process the large number of guests coming to campus will increase substantially,” USC said in its announcement. “As a result, we will not be able to host the main stage ceremony that traditionally brings 65,000 students, families, and friends to our campus all at the same time and during a short window from 8:30 a.m. to 10 a.m.”

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA - APRIL 24: LAPD officers try to clear the USC campus as a demonstration against the war in in Gaza went into the late Wednesday on the USC campus. (Wally Skalij/Los Angeles Times)

Photos: Tensions grow as pro-Palestinian demonstrations on college campuses continue

Pro-Palestinian protests grew Thursday at California colleges and universities, including a new encampment at UCLA that drew a crowd of counterprotesters.

April 26, 2024

A university spokesman did not reply to a request to interview Folt, who has not spoken publicly about the cancellations.

At least 23 satellite graduation ceremonies at USC’s schools and colleges will continue as scheduled, in addition to smaller departmental receptions.

“We understand that this is disappointing; however, we are adding many new activities and celebrations to make this commencement academically meaningful, memorable, and uniquely USC, including places to gather with family, friends, faculty, and staff, the celebratory releasing of the doves, and performances by the Trojan Marching Band,” USC said in a statement.

The university also announced that it will require tickets for “all commencement events taking place on May 8-11” and direct “all campus access through specific points of entry.”

It said that tickets would be limited to eight per graduating student and that they would not be transferable.

“There will be an appeal process if more tickets are needed,” said the letter, which added that commencement events would include a security screening “similar to those for attending athletic events at the Coliseum.” Guests at the Coliseum enter through a metal detector and their bags are X-rayed. USC also said only clear bags would be allowed at graduation events.

LOS ANGELES, CA - APRIL 16, 2024 - Asna Tabassum, a graduating senior at USC, was selected as valedictorian and offered a traditional slot to speak at the 2024 graduation. After on-and-off campus groups criticized the decision and the university said it received threats, it pulled her from the graduation speakers schedule. Tabassum was photographed on the USC campus on April 16, 2024. (Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)

USC valedictorian’s grad speech is canceled: ‘The university has betrayed me’

Asna Tabassum was selected as USC valedictorian and offered a slot to speak at graduation. The university canceled her speech after pro-Israel groups criticized her Instagram.

April 16, 2024

Since citing unspecified security threats as the reason for canceling Tabassum’s speech, USC has seen a series of on-campus protests, including this week’s pro-Palestinian encampment.

University officials had followed their cancellation of Tabassum’s speech by calling off a speech by film director Jon M. Chu and appearances on the main stage by honorary doctorate recipients, including tennis legend Billie Jean King, saying they wanted to “keep the focus on our graduates.”

Some of the smaller commencement ceremonies will still host keynote speakers, including King, who is scheduled to address Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism graduates on May 10.

King has not responded to interview requests from The Times.

National Endowment for the Arts Chair Maria Rosario Jackson, who was also deprived of the chance to receive an honorary degree on the main stage, is scheduled to deliver a May 10 keynote speech to graduates of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy.

Via an NEA spokeswoman, Price declined an interview request.

Actor and activist Sean Penn will also still give a May 11 address to graduates of the Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, according to his representative.

Los Angeles, CA - April 24: Students are apprehended by Los Angeles police officers after a protest against the Israel-Palestinian war at the University of Southern California on Wednesday, April 24, 2024 in Los Angeles, CA.(Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times)

LAPD arrests 93 people at USC amid Israel-Hamas war protests

LAPD officers in riot gear arrested 93 people on trespassing charges as they cleared an encampment at the center of the USC campus that formed in protest against the Israel-Hamas war.

April 24, 2024

The last time the main USC commencement was canceled was in 2020 after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Those graduates participated in online and in-person ceremonies the next year, along with the Class of 2021.

“This is a rather unusual commencement, to put it in obvious terms,” said Donal Manahan, a USC biologist who has been the university marshal for the main stage ceremony since 2016. “It’s the whole country going through it.”

William Tierney, a university professor emeritus at USC’s Rossier School of Education and an expert in higher education policy and administration, said he blames Folt for the university’s failure to engage “in difficult dialogues.”

“This president hasn’t even made a statement. She’s gone. She’s invisible,” he said. Instead, he added, “the university has determined it’s a dangerous place and locked it down. ... And now we’ll cancel the main commencement because it is so dangerous for us to have a dialogue.”

“We could protect the Obamas when they came to campus,” Tierney said, referring to former President Obama and his wife attending their daughter Sasha’s graduation last year. “We could protect the campus at other times. But now it’s simply too dangerous? That just fails the leadership test across the board.”

USC junior Lawrence Sung said he was disappointed to not have a chance to celebrate his graduating friends at the main stage event.

“This is a massive overreaction,” said Sung, who studies international relations. “If USC was to choose the worst option at every step of the way in this controversy, this would be it.”

The saga at USC began April 15, when Provost Andrew T. Guzman released a campus-wide letter citing unnamed threats that came after the university announced Tabassum as the valedictorian and a scheduled speaker. Guzman said the attacks were of an “alarming tenor” and “escalated to the point of creating substantial risks relating to security and disruption at commencement.”

Guzman did not say what the threats were or who was targeted. A spokeswoman for the Los Angeles Police Department told The Times that the agency had no crime reports regarding violent threats targeting Tabassum or the commencement ceremony.

The complaints focused on a link on Tabassum’s Instagram profile to a pro-Palestinian website that said, “Zionism is a racist settler-colonialist ideology,” and “One Palestinian state would mean Palestinian liberation and the complete abolishment of the state of Israel” so that “both Arabs and Jews can live together.”

Tabassum has denied she supports antisemitic views and said she is being singled out as a hijab-wearing Muslim woman.

Then last Friday, USC called off an appearance by Chu — the director of “Crazy Rich Asians” — and other commencement honorees. In canceling those events, USC cited “the highly publicized circumstances surrounding our main stage commencement program.”

In an interview prior to Thursday’s announcement of the main stage cancellation, Joel Curran, USC’s senior vice president of communications, said the decision about Chu and honorary degree recipients was made in order to avoid putting them “in an awkward situation” to address the valedictorian controversy or the Israel-Hamas war.

“We are putting them in an awkward situation, difficult situation. There have been a lot of conversations around commencement. We do not want to put them in that position,” Curran said.

Last week, 11 members of the Advisory Committee on Muslim Life at USC — more than half the membership — resigned in protest of the decision on Tabassum. Folt had convened the group in mid-2023 amid complaints of anti-Muslim bias on campus.

USC is one of dozens of colleges and universities where tensions have grown in recent weeks over free speech and protest over the Israel-Hamas war, including Columbia, Yale, UC Berkeley and Cal Poly Humboldt.

In its Oct. 7 attack on Israel , Hamas militants killed about 1,200 people and took roughly 240 hostages. Gaza health authorities say Israel’s retaliatory war has killed more than 34,000 Palestinians. According to the United Nations, 2 million Gazans are living in near-famine conditions.

Times staff writers Angie Orellana Hernandez and Jenna Peterson contributed to this report.

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Los Angeles, California - April 18: USC students participate in a silent march in support of Asna Tabassum, whose graduation speech has been cancelled by USC administration at University of Southern California on Thursday, April 18, 2024 in Los Angeles, California. Asna Tabassum, a graduating senior at USC, was selected as valedictorian and offered a traditional slot to speak at the 2024 graduation. After on-and-off campus groups criticized the decision and the university said it received threats, it pulled her from the graduation speakers schedule.(Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times)

Commencement speakers launch boycott of USC satellite graduation ceremonies

April 28, 2024

LOS ANGELES, CA - APRIL 27, 2024 - USC students, who protest the war in Gaza, spend time at the tent camp they erected at Founders Park on the USC campus in Los Angeles on April 27, 2024. The campus gates are closed to the public and the marquee 65,000-attendee "main stage" commencement ceremony has been called off. (Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)

USC protests remain peaceful after campus is closed; LAPD calls off tactical alert

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA - APRIL 24: Protestors are detained by LAPD officers who were trying to clear the USC campus during a demonstration against the war in in Gaza Wednesday. (Wally Skalij/Los Angeles Times)

13 days that rocked USC: How a derailed commencement brought ‘complete disaster’

April 27, 2024

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speech in urdu for education

Jaweed Kaleem is a national correspondent at the Los Angeles Times. Based in L.A. with a focus on issues outside of California, he has traveled to dozens of states to cover news and deeply reported features on the complexity of the American experience. His articles frequently explore race, religion, politics, social debates and polarized society. Kaleem was previously based in London, where he was a lead news writer on Russia’s war on Ukraine and spearheaded European coverage for the Times, including the Global California initiative. Before joining The Times in 2016, he reported on religion for HuffPost and the Miami Herald, where he was a member of a Pulitzer Prize finalist team recognized for coverage of Haiti. His reporting has also received awards from the Society of Professional Journalists, the Society for Features Journalism, the Asian American Journalists Assn., the South Asian Journalists Assn. and the National Headliner Awards.

speech in urdu for education

Matt Hamilton is a reporter for the Los Angeles Times. He won the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for investigative reporting with colleagues Harriet Ryan and Paul Pringle and was part of the team of reporters that won a Pulitzer Prize for its coverage of the San Bernardino terrorist attack. A graduate of Boston College and the University of Southern California, he joined The Times in 2013.

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ANAHEIM, CA - SEPTEMBER 16: An Orange County Registrar of Voters election services worker stands by as the media gets a view of the "Super Vote Center Site" for walk-in and drive-thru voting starting Oct. 30th at the Honda Center in Anaheim Wednesday, September 16, 2020. The OC Registrar of Voters held a media showcase and announced a new partnership with the Honda Center and the Anaheim Ducks organization to expand access to voting in the upcoming November 3, 2020 Presidential General Election. For the first time in history, Honda Center will serve as a Vote Center, which will provide a full-service voting experience to Orange County voters and opens October 30. (Allen J. Schaben / Los Angeles Times)

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FILE - In this file photo taken on March 27, 2020, Pope Francis delivers the Urbi and Orbi prayer in an empty St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican. If ever there was a defining moment of Pope Francis during the coronavirus pandemic, it came on March 27, the day Italy recorded its single biggest daily jump in fatalities. From the rain-slicked promenade of St. Peter’s Basilica, Francis said the virus had shown that we’re all in this together, that we need each other and need to reassess our priorities. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino, File)

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