similarity leniency hypothesis definition quizlet

similarity-leniency hypothesis people's wishes to present themselves in a socially appropriate and favorable way and the influence of such wishes on their behavior the idea that the fact finders treat those similar to themselves more leniently than they treat those they perceive as different

Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Automatic exemptions for such things as not understanding English well or being a police officer:, The similarity-leniency hypothesis seems to generally apply when _____. In such cases, jurors tend to _____ to those defendants who are like them., The group of prospective jurors is referred to as _____, and the process of ...

Definition. According to the text, psychological studies find that eyewitness testimony: ... The repression hypothesis posits that traumatic memories can be maintained in the _____ for years, and the use of _____ techniques may be helpful in uncovering them. ... The similarity-leniency hypothesis seems to generally apply when evidence is ...

A flashcard set for psychology and law students that explains the similarity-leniency hypothesis, which predicts that jurors who are similar to the defendant will empathize and identify with the defendant. The flashcard also gives an example of a case that supports this hypothesis.

Similarity leniency is found when jurors of one race (e.g., White or Black) are more lenient when judging a defendant of the same race (e.g., White or Black, respectively), and ... race, but this hypothesis has yet to be tested empirically. Moreover, the mechanism driving this phenomenon remains unclear (Devine & Caughlin, 2014).

Defendant-juror similarity can sometimes influence the verdicts in a case as well. The similarity-leniency hypothesis predicts that jurors who are similar to the defendant will empathize and identify with the defendant, which would then lead them to be less likely to convict. This would be really bad for prosecuting attorneys.

The similarity-leniency hypothesis is a concept in legal psychology suggesting that jurors are often more lenient in their judgments towards defendants who share similarities with themselves, particularly when evidence is weak or ambiguous. Therefore, the correct answer is b) "Weak; lenient judgments." This means, when evidence is weak, jurors ...

relationship between similarity and attraction (e.g., Byrne, 1971; Byrne, Clore, & Smeaton, 1986; Smeaton, Byrne, & Murnen, 1989), one is led to the hypothesis that the more similar a juror and the defendant are, the more lenient the juror is likely to be; we term this the similarity-leniency hypothesis.

Results supported our general hypothesis that leniency can be traced, at least in part, to the rater's personality. It confirmed Hypothesis 1, that people who are outgoing, conscientious, and agreeable assign more generous ratings to others. People who are amiable tend to perceive a greater frequency of desirable behaviors in their peers' daily ...

Learn the difference between scientific terms such as hypothesis, theory, and law, and how they are used in science. A hypothesis is an educated guess, a theory is an accepted explanation, and a law is a generalization of observations.

Choose matching definition. Inclusive fitness. Both A and B a. ... If the similarity-leniency hypothesis were true, which of the following would also (likely) be true? Choose matching definition. A peaceful refusal to obey laws that are felt to be unjust. ... Quizlet for Schools; Language

Some researchers assume that employees' personality characteristics affect leniency in rating others and themselves. However, little research has investigated these two tendencies at the same time. In the present study we developed one index for other-rating leniency and another one for self-rating …

This similarity-leniency bias may be explained by social identity theory (SIT; Tajfel and Turner, 1986), which argues that people have a motivation to favor and prefer individuals belonging to their groups (rather than those outside of their groups) as a method of promoting a positive self-concept. In a criminal trial, social identity theory ...

the similarity-leniency effect, White defendants received harsher sentences when their juries had higher proportions of Latino (i.e., outgroup) jurors (Daudistel et al. 1999). Similarly, two studies have shown that Black defendants are more likely to be convicted when juries have higher pro-

This study investigates how personality traits of the Big Five model are related to leniency in rating oneself and others. It finds that extroversion and agreeableness are associated with leniency in rating others, while conscientiousness and emotional stability are associated with leniency in rating oneself.

similarity-leniency hypothesis. One reason the courts ruled that juries should be more representative of the population is that verdicts will be more likely to be accepted by the Jurors who believe that they are responsible for determining their outcomes in life are more likely to

For example, defense attorneys relying on the similarity-leniency hypothesis would want to strike venirepersons who are dissimilar to their clients because they believe that jurors who are similar to their clients will have more empathy for them (Blue, 1991; Kerr, Hymes, Anderson, & Weathers, 1995).

Archival data from cases adjudicated by jury in El Paso and Bexar County, Texas, were used to test whether a similarity-leniency effect, an out-group punitiveness effect, or a black sheep effect (BSE; J. M. Marques, V Y. Yzerbyt, & J. P. Leyens, 1988) influenced jury decisions. Defendant ethnicity, jury ethnic composition, and strength of ...

Choose matching definition. ... Similarity-leniency hypothesis. Choose matching definition. Philosophy of law based on equality and addressing the needs of women. Standard used to evaluate sexual harassment cases, considering the perspective of a reasonable woman. ... Quizlet for Schools; Language Country. United States ...

hypothesis incorporates SIT and a liking-leniency hypothesis proposed by Davis, Bray, and Holt (1977). The liking-leniency hypothesis stated that a well-liked defen-dant should receive more lenient treatment than one who is disliked. Kerr et al.'s similarity-leniency hypothesis suggested that jurors would be more lenient toward a

Quiz yourself with questions and answers for Psych and Law Final Exam, so you can be ready for test day. Explore quizzes and practice tests created by teachers and students or create one from your course material.

To examine relationships between strength of evidence (SOE) and extraevidentiary variables in the context of Kalven and Zeisel's (The American Jury, 1966) liberation hypothesis, post-trial questionnaire data were collected from judges, attorneys, and jurors associated with 179 criminal jury trials. SOE ratings were strongly correlated with jury verdicts on the three most serious charges ...