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Research Methodology
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Qualitative Methods in PER: A Critical Examination
Qualitative research in PER has been a foundational part of the field since its inception. This research approach is characterized by methods that draw upon non-numeric data; researchers often see qualitative research as a means of gaining a rich understanding of an area. Qualitative research can often be poignant for audiences, as such research can provide information in someone’s own words connecting readers on a more personal level, promoting lasting insights. Like any research methodology, qualitative methods inform researchers on possible research questions, types, and ways to collect data, and the lessons these data can provide. Gaining a rich understanding is of high interest for PER, from learning more about different physics learning spaces to getting detailed explanations on why and how one arrives at an answer.
Speech analysis under a Bakhtinian approach: Contributions to research on physics education
Fernanda ostermann, cláudio j. de h. cavalcanti, matheus m. nascimento, and nathan w. lima, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 010141 (2023) – published 20 june 2023.
A Bakhtinian approach is used to demonstrate another way to analyze discourse studies in physics education research.
Using story-based methodologies to explore physics identities: How do moments add up to a life in physics?
Allison j. gonsalves, anna t. danielsson, lucy avraamidou, anne-sofie nyström, and rebeca esquivel, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020106 (2023) – published 26 july 2023.
Three types of story-based methodologies are used to explore physics identities of three women in different contexts.
Methods of research design and analysis for identifying knowledge resources
Lauren a. barth-cohen, hillary swanson, and jared arnell, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020119 (2023) – published 23 august 2023.
Guidelines for the design of research aimed at identifying knowledge resources in the scope of resource theory framework.
Visual display of qualitative information: Implications of using illustrations to depict video data
Elias euler and bor gregorcic, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020120 (2023) – published 31 august 2023.
A practical guide for PER researchers on communicating video data in publications.
Phenomenographic approach to understanding students’ learning in physics education
Jenaro guisasola, esmeralda campos, kristina zuza, and genaro zavala, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020602 (2023) – published 31 august 2023.
Phenomenography, a qualitative approach to understanding the experiences of a group, is applied to student experiences in physics to highlight the strengths and weakness of this approach.
4 citations
Integrating artificial intelligence-based methods into qualitative research in physics education research: a case for computational grounded theory, paul tschisgale, peter wulff, and marcus kubsch, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020123 (2023) – published 1 september 2023.
How to use artificial intelligence technologies in qualitative PER to create an analytical system different from what either a human or a machine can do alone.
Identifying student conceptual resources for understanding physics: A practical guide for researchers
Amy d. robertson, lisa m. goodhew, lauren c. bauman, brynna hansen, and anne t. alesandrini, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020138 (2023) – published 4 october 2023.
Student conceptual resources are used to study the ideas or knowledge students use to solve problems.
Planning for participants’ varying needs and abilities in qualitative research
Daryl mcpadden, vashti sawtelle, erin m. scanlon, jacquelyn j. chini, harsna chahal, regan levy, and alex reynolds, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 19 , 020143 (2023) – published 12 october 2023.
How to combat ableism and to provide access to all research participants through alternative formats in research design.
Using continua to analyze qualitative data investigating epistemic beliefs about physics knowledge: Visualizing beliefs
Ellen watson and gregory thomas, phys. rev. phys. educ. res. 20 , 010106 (2024) – published 15 february 2024.
Novel means of analyzing interview data to construct profiles to describe epistemic beliefs on physics knowledge.
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Experiments in Physics Teaching
- First Online: 12 January 2022
Cite this chapter
- Raimund Girwidz 4 ,
- Heike Theyßen 5 &
- Ralf Widenhorn 6
Part of the book series: Challenges in Physics Education ((CPE))
1142 Accesses
Experiments are an integral part of physics research and physics instruction. In physics research, an experiment is a reproducible empirical procedure for acquiring knowledge. Experimental physicists use experiments to gather empirical evidence by developing research questions, and designing and conducting appropriate experiments to answer these questions (see Chap. 1 ). They control and systematically alter parameters during data collection. An experiment requires comprehensive planning, precise data acquisition, analysis of the experimental data and their interpretation in the context of a theoretical framework. In research, the experiment primarily serves as a method to test assumptions about the outcomes of the experiment (hypotheses) in order to generate new insight and evidence (more differentiated considerations on the procedure and significance of experimentation in physics research are discussed in Chap. 5 ). In physics education, the experiment has many additional and different functions and serves a variety of goals. Teachers can use experiments as tools to convey new content knowledge, for example, by demonstrating a physics phenomenon or by investigating laws of physics quantitatively. In addition, experiments can be used to support students in learning experimentation as a fundamental method to establish and verify knowledge and to offer insights into processes of scientific inquiry. Furthermore, experimentation as a method has to be discussed in the context of nature of science knowledge and nature of scientific inquiry , which is discussed in detail in Chap. 5 . Physics teachers should know and be able to use the various functions of experimental activities in physics learning. In this chapter, we highlight the diversity of experimental approaches in physics instruction, their different goals (see Sect. 10.1 ) and their designs (see Sect. 10.2 ). Finally, we present recommendations for teaching from multiple instructional perspectives, including related psychological and pedagogical aspects (see Sect. 10.3 ).
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Lori Shabaan (Liberty High School, Hillsboro, USA) and Claudia von Aufschnaiter (University of Gießen, Germany), for carefully and critically reviewing this chapter.
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Girwidz, R., Theyßen, H., Widenhorn, R. (2021). Experiments in Physics Teaching. In: Fischer, H.E., Girwidz, R. (eds) Physics Education. Challenges in Physics Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87391-2_10
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Advance in forensic fingerprint research provides new hope for cold cases
by Meg Cox, Loughborough University
Researchers have unveiled a method capable of detecting drug substances from fingerprints lifted from crime scenes, which could provide fresh insights into unsolved cases. The research is published in the journal Drug Testing and Analysis .
Analytical scientists from Loughborough University have demonstrated for the first time that drug residue—namely the fast-acting sleeping pill Zolpidem, which has been linked to drug-facilitated sexual assault and drink spiking —can be detected on gel-lifted fingerprints.
Dr. Jim Reynolds and Dr. Ayoung Kim say the breakthrough could shed new light on cold cases and unsolved crimes as forensic gel lifters—which transfer prints onto a gelatin surface—are used globally by scenes of crimes officers to preserve and visualize fingerprints.
"This is the first time that analysis of gel-lifted prints for a drug substance has been accomplished, and shows that lifted prints and other forensic marks can be interrogated for useful information," says Dr. Reynolds, the research lead.
"Since gel-lifted prints and marks can be stored for many years, the technique could be of real use in cold cases where additional information may prove useful to either link or exonerate a suspect to the investigation. Working with police forces and applying the method to cold case samples could help bring criminals to justice who may have thought they have got away with it."
A number of tests exist to detect drugs directly from fingerprints, but these face limitations. They can be destructive to the fingerprint, degrade drug residues, and be affected by environmental interferences.
It has long been speculated that gel-lifted prints contain valuable chemical information and could offer more accurate drug detection.
However, traditional techniques used to analyze the chemicals present in a sample have previously not been suitable for gel lifters. This is because they detect all chemicals present, including those that make up the gel, making it difficult to identify specific substances.
The method used by Dr. Reynolds and Dr. Kim, called sfPESI-MS, overcomes this issue using a rapid separation mechanism that distinguishes the drug substance from the background of the gel.
The process involves sampling the chemicals from the gel lifters into tiny liquid droplets. The chemicals extracted into the droplets are then ionized, which means they gain or lose electric charge depending on their chemical properties. The drug substance chemicals are more surface active than the chemicals originating from the gel, which enables them to be separated from the mixture.
This separation method enables the direct detection of a drug substance using mass spectrometry , a technique that identifies chemicals by measuring their molecular weight. The researchers have successfully tested the technique using Zolpidem-laced fingerprints lifted from glass, metal, and paper surfaces in a laboratory setting.
They now hope to work with police forces to analyze stored gel-lifted prints and use the method to identify other substances.
Dr. Reynolds said, "Zolpidem was the focus of our research, but the method could just as easily be applied to other drug substances a person may have been handling and could be applied to other chemicals such as explosives, gunshot residues, paints, and dyes.
"By linking chemical information to the fingerprint, we can identify the individual and link to the handling of an illicit substance which may prove useful in a prosecution. This could be useful to detect individuals who have been spiking drinks; for example, if the drug they are using gets onto their fingertips, then they will leave evidence at the scene."
Dr. Kim, who is the first author of the paper and completed the research as part of her Ph.D. at Loughborough, added, "We would like to apply our method to real samples from criminal investigations; it would be good to know my Ph.D. research has helped bring criminals to justice."
Journal information: Drug Testing and Analysis
Provided by Loughborough University
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The manuscript is intended for students and research scholars of science subjects such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, statistics, biology and computer science. Various stages of research are discussed in detail. Special care has been taken to motivate the young researchers to take up challenging problems.
Research Methodology. In this manuscript various components of research are listed and briefly discussed. The topics considered in this write-up cover a part of the research methodology paper of Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.) course and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) course. The manuscript is intended for students and research scholars of science ...
PAPER I: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Objectives: To give proper perception on research, its function, identification and design of research problems. To provide the scientific methods of analyzing the data and its presentation technique. ... The Physics of High Pressure, P.W.Bridgmann, G.Bell and Sons Ltd, London,1931. 5. The Physics of Radiation ...
Research Methodology and Research Techniques in Physics Unit-1. Research methodology and research method, methodologys -selecting a topic, hypothesis, experiment, analysis and results; nonexperimental or theoretical research, critica- l thinking, investigation, survey, a. b initio, -empirical, empirical search; semi Inquiry,
1.2 Defining Research Methodology. It is an essential process of any scientific study, which serves as a framework for processing and achieving the predicted outcomes of the study. It is commonly defined as a systematic and organized process of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting information to answer specific questions or solve ...
We discussed methods of research in theoretical physics in a general way in the first chapter. In this chapter we look at specific examples of methods as they entered research and teaching: Boltzmann's use of the molecular method in the mechanical theory of heat; Hertz's use of the method of mathematical phenomenology in electrodynamics; Planck's use of principles as a method in physical ...
The goal of the course is to introduce students to the research methodology in science. To do so, both theoretical and applied aspects will be combined in the four parts the course is divided in: 1. The process of scientific research. 2. Ethical aspects of the research work. 3. Introduction to scientific policies. 4. Communication techniques.
The structure of physical knowledge and methods comprises three domains, viz., an empirical one with predominantly inductive methods, a theoretical one with predominantly deductive methods, and the relations between theory and experience characterized by the methods of consistent adjustment. The various experimental methods establishing the ...
Physics education has made significant progress in identifying a variety of teaching objectives and methods in order to foster student's understanding of the nature of science and scientific ...
Much experimental physics proceeds along these lines. For example, if water is placed between two counter-rotating cylinders, there is a range of rotation speeds where the fluid develops a series of rolls. A research project might try to determine the boundary of the region of rotation speeds where these rolls occur, and the
1 of 5. Research Proposals. Writing a research proposal is the first step for a research project. Before you can work on your research, it must be approved, whether that is by a professor, thesis advisor, or supervisor. It is essential to make your proposal as strong as possible; if your proposal is denied, you may not get the funding you need ...
An Introduction to Physics Education. Research. Robert Beichner. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. Abstract: This article aims to introduce the reader to the field of Physics Education ...
Qualitative research in PER has been a foundational part of the field since its inception. This research approach is characterized by methods that draw upon non-numeric data; researchers often see qualitative research as a means of gaining a rich understanding of an area. Qualitative research can often be poignant for audiences, as such ...
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY arXiv:physics/0601009v3 [physics.gen-ph] 14 Oct 2013 S. Rajasekar School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India∗ P. Philominathan Department of Physics, Sri AVVM Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur - 613 503, Tamilnadu, India V. Chinnathambi Department of Physics, AKGS Arts College, Srivaikundam - 628 619, Tamilnadu, India ...
analysis of the findings. The methodology section of your paper should clearly articulate. the reasons why you have chosen a part icular procedure or. technique. The reader wants to know that the ...
The book addresses the specific needs of the students, research scholars & managers by successfully blending concepts of research with its literal applications. The key strengths of this book includes: Caselets that focus on methodology. Exercises that will help to gain insight into research disposition.
Abstract. This project focuses on Physics Education Research (PER), and studies both the underlying theory and several practical applications. A summary of relevant pedagogical and PER-specific publications is first presented. Practical applications of the outlined principles are then studied, in the context of the Physics for Life Sciences ...
Abstract. Experiments are an integral part of physics research and physics instruction. In physics research, an experiment is a reproducible empirical procedure for acquiring knowledge. Experimental physicists use experiments to gather empirical evidence by developing research questions, and designing and conducting appropriate experiments to ...
Page 1. Page 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY a step-by-step guide for beginners. Page 3. SAGE has been part of the global academic community since 1965, supporting high quality research and learning that transforms society and our understanding of individuals, groups, and cultures. SAGE is the independent, innovative, natural home for authors, editors ...
This textbook provides students with an understanding of the concepts and techniques of qualitative and quantitative research, grants for research, report writing, data collection etc. It uses ...
A research team—led by William Lynch and Betty Tsang at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB)—used 20 years of experimental data from accelerator facilities and neutron-star observations ...
The research is published in the journal Drug Testing and Analysis. Researchers have unveiled a method capable of detecting drug substances from fingerprints lifted from crime scenes, which could ...
The manuscript is intended for students and research scholars of science subjects such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, statistics, biology and computer science. Various stages of research are ...
Research Project: Stephen Hawking: Early Life and Determination: Stephen Hawking, a bright star in theoretical physics and cosmology, faced tough physical challenges due to motor neuron disease, yet his early life was full of intellectual stimulation. Growing up in a stimulating environment, Hawking showed signs of extraordinary intelligence from a young age.
Download file PDF Read file. Download file PDF. Read file. Download citation. Copy link Link copied. ... Methodology - Research design/type, the ory, method of data collection and analysis,