how long are phd programs in psychology

How Long Does It Take To Get a PhD in Psychology?

Key Takeaways

• It typically takes between four to seven years for full time students to get a PhD degree in psychology.
• It takes part-time students five to seven years to complete a PhD program in psychology.
• The length of a PhD program varies based on program prerequisites, the type of degree, and whether you attend part or full-time or online or on-campus.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, only 1.2% of the population have doctoral degrees. The reason? The daunting length of a PhD degree. However, that does not have to be the case for everyone. A PhD in psychology typically depends on the student’s program, education, and schedule. Knowing more about the process can help you plan your studies and career.

A PhD in psychology can brighten your career prospects and direct you toward higher-paying and rewarding career opportunities. To help you get there, we have done research on how long it takes to get a PhD in psychology.

How long does it take to get a PhD in psychology?

The time it takes to get a doctorate in psychology varies. It depends on factors like the degree type, your education, and your specific program. Typically, these programs last between four to seven years. Let’s explore how long your PhD degree will take according to your degree type.

PhD in Psychology

PhD programs usually take five to seven years  to finish. They often combine research and clinical training, following a scientist-practitioner model.

Moreover, you might need to do an internship or supervised residency alongside classes. The program typically ends with a big research project or dissertation.

PsyD Degree

PsyD programs generally take four to six years to finish. They aim to teach professionals how to use psychological knowledge to help treat people in real-life situations.

According to the American Psychological Association, PsyD programs focus more on applying psychological science through services.

EdD programs typically span three to five years, focusing on psychology, counseling, or counselor education. They integrate education and psychology themes.

Unlike PhD and PsyD applicants, who often start with a bachelor’s degree, many EdD candidates already possess a related psychology master’s degree . This distinction underscores the varied entry points into doctoral studies. Moreover, it reflects the specialized nature of EdD programs in preparing professionals for roles in education and psychology.

What is the duration of a PhD in psychology for part-time students?

You can earn a PhD in psychology while being a part-time student, says the  American Psychology Association . Both full and part-time students have the same program requirements, part-time students might take five to seven years to finish.

Not all schools accept part-time students, so check with your chosen schools first. Doing the required internship might be tough for part-time students. Part-time internships are less available compared to full-time ones.

The Association of Psychology Postdoctoral and Internship Centers offers hundreds of internships, only 17 are for part-time students.

Factors to Consider Before Choosing a PhD Program in Psychology

It’s always good to ensure you don’t sign up for a degree that takes longer than you thought. So, before picking a PhD program in Psychology, consider a few things related to how long it takes, such as:

• Program Rules:  Check what each program needs—like classes, research, and your dissertation. This helps you understand how much time you’ll spend.
• Program Setup:  See if the program is flexible with class schedules and research options that fit what you want to do.
• Teacher Support:  Look into how much help teachers give. Their guidance can make a big difference in how quickly you finish.
• Money Help:  Check if there are ways to get money, like scholarships or assistant jobs. This can ease financial stress and let you focus on studying.
• Research Focus:  Think about what the program likes to study. This can affect how long your degree takes.
• Internship Needs:  Check if the program needs you to do internships. This might change how long you’re in school.
• Success Rates:  Find out how many students finish the program and how long it takes. It gives you an idea of how long you might take.

Which Type of Degree Should You Get?

A doctorate is required to work in certain fields, like licensed clinical or counseling psychology . The American Psychological Association says you often need a doctorate for school psychology or health psychology, too.

While the PhD, PsyD, and EdD are good choices, don’t focus solely on how long they take to finish. Before committing to a doctorate, consider which degree aligns best with your career goals.

Here are some degrees and their objectives to help you understand which program best fits your career preferences.

Conducting Research

A PhD in Psychology is focused on a research-based education model. So, anyone with a PhD in Psychology offers many career choices. For instance, you can go for research, academia, and clinical positions in colleges, government offices, hospitals, and private mental health clinics.

Treating Mental Health Issues

The general focus of a PsyD degree is on a practitioner-based education model. So, individuals who earn a PsyD degree have the choice to teach or conduct research in psychology. Their main job is to offer direct mental health care in applied settings.

Applying Psychology to Help Students

Finally, you can consider a third doctorate option, the EdD or Doctor of Education. This degree is ideal for those interested in school psychology or related educational psychology fields .

Despite the time commitment, obtaining a PhD, PsyD, or EdD can be highly rewarding. According to the  U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , individuals with a doctoral or education specialist degree in clinical, counseling, and school psychology will have the most solid job opportunities.

Can you finish your degree early?

Generally, if your background in psychology is strong and you have finished all of the required prerequisites, you might complete your doctorate sooner. You will be ahead of those who haven’t taken those prerequisite courses.

Planning your degree well also helps you finish the program quickly. So, ensure you have a clear plan for what you want to do with your psychology degree after you’re done. You can teach, research, work with clients, or combine psychology with law or medicine.

If you’re unsure, talk to an advisor at your school. They can guide you, answer your questions, and help you decide what’s best for you.

Student Submitted Questions About PhD’s in Psychology

How hard is it to get a phd in psychology.

Obtaining an accelerated PhD in psychology  demands significant dedication and effort. Graduate students must tackle coursework, pass exams, undergo extensive internships, and conduct experimental dissertation studies. The process entails substantial commitment and perseverance, emphasizing the rigorous nature of doctoral studies in psychology.

Do you need a master’s to get a PhD in psychology?

No, a Master’s degree is not typically required to obtain a PhD in Psychology. Instead, you can apply to universities offering doctoral programs after completing a psychology bachelor’s degree . There are different types of postgraduate degrees in Psychology, such as PhD, PsyD, and EdD, each with its focus and requirements.

How much does a psychologist make?

PhD holders in Psychology can pursue diverse careers in schools, hospitals, and mental health facilities. Examples include Psychologist ($85,330), Counseling and School Psychologist ($ 81,500), and Psychology Professor ($78,810).

Earning a PhD in psychology involves years of study, typically taking three to seven years. If you’re considering a career as a psychologist, research the different program options and the time it takes to complete them.

Regardless of your choice, be prepared for a significant commitment to graduate school to complete your doctorate.

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Getting a Ph.D. in Psychology

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.

Verywell / Evan Polenghi

Ph.D. vs. Psy.D.

Job opportunities, earning a degree, specialty areas, alternatives.

Getting a Ph.D. in psychology can open up a whole new world of career opportunities. For many careers paths in psychology-related career paths, a doctoral degree is necessary to obtain work and certification. A Ph.D. is one option, but it is not the only educational path that's available to reach some of these goals.

A Ph.D., or doctor of philosophy, is one of the highest level degrees you can earn in the field of psychology . If you're considering pursuing a graduate degree, you might be wondering how long it takes to earn a Ph.D. in psychology . Generally, a bachelor's degree takes four years of study. While a master's degree requires an additional two to three years of study beyond the bachelor's, a doctoral degree can take between four to six years of additional graduate study after earning your bachelor's degree.

Recently, a new degree option known as the Psy.D. , or doctor of psychology, has grown in popularity as an alternative to the Ph.D. The type of degree you decide to pursue depends on a variety of factors, including your own interests and your career aspirations.

Before deciding which is right for you, research your options and decide if graduate school in psychology is even the best choice for you. Depending on your career goals, you might need to earn a master's or doctoral degree in psychology in order to practice in your chosen field. In other instances, a degree in a similar subject such as counseling or social work may be more appropriate.

A doctorate in psychology is required if you want to open your own private practice.

If you want to become a licensed psychologist, you must earn either a Ph.D. or a Psy.D. in clinical or counseling psychology.

In most cases, you will also need a doctorate if you want to teach and conduct research at the college or university level. While there are some opportunities available for people with a master's degree in various specialty fields, such as industrial-organizational psychology and health psychology , those with a doctorate will generally find higher pay, greater job demand, and more opportunity for growth.

In order to earn a Ph.D. in psychology, you need to first begin by earning your bachelor's degree. While earning your undergraduate degree in psychology can be helpful, students with bachelor's degrees in other subjects can also apply their knowledge to psychology Ph.D. programs . Some students in doctorate programs may have a master's degree in psychology , but most doctorate programs do not require it.

After you’ve been admitted to a graduate program, it generally takes at least four years to earn a Ph.D. and another year to complete an internship. Once these requirements have been fulfilled, you can take state and national exams to become licensed to practice psychology in the state where you wish to work.

Once you enter the graduate level of psychology, you will need to choose an area of specialization, such as clinical psychology , counseling psychology, health psychology, or cognitive psychology . The American Psychological Association (APA) accredits graduate programs in three areas: clinical, counseling, and school psychology.   If you are interested in going into one of these specialty areas, it's important to choose a school that has received accreditation through the APA.

For many students, the choice may come down to a clinical psychology program versus a counseling psychology program. There are many similarities between these two Ph.D. options, but there are important distinctions that students should consider. Clinical programs may have more of a research focus while counseling programs tend to focus more on professional practice. The path you choose will depend largely on what you plan to do after you complete your degree.

Of course, the Ph.D. in psychology is not the only graduate degree option. The Psy.D. is a doctorate degree option that you might also want to consider. While there are many similarities between these two degrees, traditional Ph.D. programs tend to be more research-oriented while Psy.D. programs are often more practice-oriented.

The Ph.D. option may be your top choice if you want to mix professional practice with teaching and research, while the Psy.D. option may be preferred if you want to open your own private psychology practice.

In the book "An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology," authors John C. Norcross and Michael A. Sayette suggest that one of the key differences between the two-degree options is that the Ph.D. programs train producers of research while Psy.D. programs train consumers of research. However, professional opportunities for practice are very similar with both degree types.

Research suggests that there are few discernible differences in terms of professional recognition, employment opportunities, or clinical skills between students trained in the Ph.D. or Psy.D. models. One of the few differences is that those with a Ph.D. degree are far more likely to be employed in academic settings and medical schools.

Social work, counseling, education, and the health sciences are other graduate options that you may want to consider if you decide that a doctorate degree is not the best fit for your interests and career goals.

A Word From Verywell

If you are considering a Ph.D. in psychology, spend some time carefully researching your options and thinking about your future goals. A doctoral degree is a major commitment of time, resources, and effort, so it is worth it to take time to consider the right option for your goals. The Ph.D. in psychology can be a great choice if you are interested in being a scientist-practitioner in the field and want to combine doing research with professional practice. It's also great training if you're interested in working at a university where you would teach classes and conduct research on psychological topics.

University of Pennsylvania; School of Arts and Sciences. Information for applicants .

American Psychological Association. Doctoral degrees in psychology: How are they different, or not so different?

U.S. Department of Labor.  Psychologists . Occupational Outlook Handbook .

Norcross JC, Sayette MA. An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology (2020/2021 ed.) . New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2020.

Davis SF, Giordano PJ, Licht CA. Your Career in Psychology: Putting Your Graduate Degree to Work . John Wiley & Sons; 2012. doi:10.1002/9781444315929

US Department of Education. Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, by sex of student and discipline division: 2016-17 .

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

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How Long Does it Take to Get a Ph.D. in Psychology?

An interest in helping people can lead many students to seek a career in psychology. But, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), some psychological careers require the investment in graduate degrees, such as a doctoral degree (Ph.D.). Undergraduates majoring in psychology need to consider how they wish to pursue their career in psychology. Going into graduate school is highly competitive; the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) states that psychology was the sixth most popular doctoral degree program in the country as of the 2009-2010 academic year. Knowing how long, and if one needs a doctorate for a particular niche in psychology is important to know while in undergraduate.

Different Graduate Degrees

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the highest graduate-level degrees in psychology are a Ph.D. in Psychology and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D). A Ph.D. in Psychology is a research-intensive graduate program.

Most Ph.D. programs last about four to six years. The first few semesters in a Ph.D. program are filled with seminar and research classes. Those classes help a graduate student learn the general field of psychology in small classrooms where communication with fellow students and a professor is crucial. The research classes help train the student on how they must conduct proper research in the field of psychology. The rest of a psychology Ph.D. program is based around research for a dissertation. A dissertation is an original study that a student conducts, writes, and presents and defends in front of faculty. Successfully completing a dissertation earns the student a Ph.D.

A Psy.D., according to the BLS, is similar to a Ph.D., only instead of a dissertation, the student must display their clinical work and examinations as proof of their expertise.

Who Needs Doctoral Degrees?

The BLS states that for psychology careers rooted in research or in the fields of counseling or clinical psychology, a doctorate or Psy.D. degree is needed. Entire psychological graduate programs are often centered on clinical or counseling psychology. In other departments, clinical or counseling psychology may be a concentration, alongside other concentrations like adolescent or developmental psychology. Research work is often found in academia where a graduate student can become a professor who teaches classes to undergraduates and graduates, as well as researches psychological trends.

Clinical psychologists diagnose and treat psychological issues in patients and they may have in-depth knowledge on how the brain, nervous system, and the entire body is affected by psychological issues, like depression.

Counseling psychology is a field where the psychologist communicates with a patient about the patient’s emotional, mental, or behavioral problems and advises them on the best methods to help manage their psychological issues.

Benefits of the Ph.D.

Although it may take 4-6 years to complete, a Ph.D. in Psychology or a Psy.D. can help a student become a top researcher in academic psychology or with private firms that hire researchers. In addition, if the student wants to help patients medically or therapeutically with their mental issues, a Ph.D. or Psy.D. is the necessary degree required. It many consume time, but a doctorate degree is worth it if one wants to help people or learn new ways to help people.

Additional Resource: Graduate School Planning and Information

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How Long Does It Take to Get a Doctorate in Psychology?

How long does it take to get a Doctorate in Psychology? That depends on whether you’re looking to earn a PhD or PsyD and whether you want to go full-time or not.

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The major differences in time to completion will be whether you’re going part-time or full-time and whether you need to write a dissertation or not.

What Education is Needed to Become a Psychologist?

Psychologists work closely with individuals to teach them coping skills and provide necessary training to work through mental health issues and other related problems. They often evaluate patients and complete a variety of assessments to give a clear picture of:

• Cognitive Ability
• Intellectual Ability
• Vocational Ability

They are also called upon to diagnose mental health problems. According to Psychology Today , it takes anywhere from four to seven years to complete your Doctorate in Psychology. The time required to complete a traditional or online degree in psychology depends on the educational route you take.

The US Department of Labor Statistics suggests you pursue a doctorate education if you are interested in becoming a psychologist. They go on to explain that you can enter the field with a master’s degree, but to get licensed, you must earn a doctorate. A PhD in this field will usually take longer to complete than a PsyD.

Do You Need a Masters to Get a PhD in Psychology?

There is more than one route to gaining your PhD in Psychology. The typical path does not include a master’s degree.

When you decide that psychology is your field of choice, you can begin applying to universities who offer doctorates in psychology after you have achieved the bachelor’s degree level. A number of universities offer accelerated psychology degree online programs.

If you do decide you want a master’s degree before moving to the next level, make sure the school you enroll also offers the doctorate that you desire. Many schools do not allow you to transfer credits from a mater’s degree from a different school to their doctorate’s degree program.

• A Doctor of Philosophy, or PhD, is a degree that is a degree focused on original research . This degree requires you to take an exam to show you have the skills needed to be effective in this field. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that this degree program calls for courses on statistics and experimental procedures.
• A Doctor of Psychology , or PsyD, is a degree fit for those looking to provide services for people who have psychological needs. Participants in this degree may not prefer the research and teaching path.
• A Doctor of Education or EdD is a degree in education, but it is closely related to the psychology field . Many schools of psychology degrees in the same area as education. With the right qualifications, you can use this degree to allow you to go into the counseling field.
• An Education Specialist Degree, or the EdS, is an opportunity to advance your learning to a higher level without having the time and cost investment needed for the other degrees. This degree can open doors to careers in curriculum and instruction, educational leadership, and school psychology.

Each of these degrees can lead to a lucrative career as a psychologist if you are willing to put in the time and effort it will take.

There is a significant difference between the PsyD and the Ph.D. The Ph.D. requires you to complete a well-researched dissertation and complete a comprehensive exam. This degree is based more on research than clinical areas and can take five to seven years to complete.

The PsyD usually takes four to six years to finish but does not require a dissertation . This degree is more clinical.

Example of PhD Program at Brown University

Brown University has four primary requirements that you must meet before to complete the PhD process.

• You must apply and receive acceptance into the program. Before you apply, make sure you have all the qualifications to be eligible for approval.
• Most people can expect to spend about three full-time years on the academics needed to complete the program. If you have a master’s degree from Brown University, then two full-time years of academics will be required for the doctorate. Brown does not always accept master’s degree credits earned from another school.
• After completing the required course work, students at Brown will advance to candidacy to assess if the student can begin the dissertation process. Brown will expect candidates to pass a final assessment in their field of study before being approved to move forward.
• The last step is writing an original research paper that relates to your field of study. Dissertations can take students one to five years to write. After the dissertation is complete, you can submit it for approval by the Graduate Council.

A PhD can be obtained in any field of study and can help students excel in the career of their choice. All information above comes from Brown University.

Example of PsyD from the University of Colorado Denver

A PsyD program from The University of Colorado Denver helps students meet the standards needed to complete the State Licenses Exam to become state Board Psychologists. To achieve this degree, you must meet the following requirements:

• 75 credit hours of coursework
• Seven credit hours of practice in working in this field
• Six credit hours of training in a workplace environment
• Eight credit hours of internship
• Four capstone project hours

Finally, you will need to pass the School Psychology Praxis exam and a written, comprehensive examination before your program is complete. This information is from the University of Colorado Denver.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Psychology?

A PhD in psychology is one of the most popular postgraduate degrees. Students who are interested in this field should choose one of the graduate programs in psychology with no GRE requirement .

It generally takes four to six years , after gaining your bachelor’s degree, to complete.

The dissertation is part of the degree process that can take the most time for many students.

How Many Years Does It Take to Get a PhD in Psychology if You Go Part-Time?

According to the American Psychology Association , you can earn a PhD in Psychology, even if you need to be a part-time student. The requirements of the program are the same for both full and part-time students, but part-time students may have five to seven years to complete the program.

All schools do not allow part-time students in doctorate programs, so be sure to talk with schools you are interested in before you enroll. The required internship for a PhD is one of the difficulties that a part-time student could face. The availability of a part-time internship is not as high as the demand.

The Association of Psychology Postdoctoral and Internship Centers have hundreds of internships but only 17 part-time placements .

How Much Does a Psychologist Make?

There are many types of careers available for those who have a PhD in Psychology. You can find work in places such as schools, hospitals, and Mental Health Facilities.

See the table below for some examples of careers and salary expectations for someone with a PhD in Psychology.

These careers are only a small example of the many occupations offered in this field. All information in this table comes from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics .

How Long Does It Take to Earn a PhD in Psychology?

Gaining a PhD in Psychology can take a full-time student 4-6 years to complete the program. If you go to school part-time, you can complete the program in 5-7 years.

The length to get a bachelor’s degree in psychology or any other specialization is typically four years and is a requirement in order to be considered for a PhD program.

How Long Does It Take to Get a Doctoral Degree?

The process for most doctoral degrees in any field is very similar. You should complete all academic course work for your area of study and a dissertation.

The process usually takes 4-6 years to complete, but it will depend on your specific program and personal situation.

Accreditation for an Online Psychology Doctorate Degree

College accreditation is essential to consider when choosing the program best for you. Being accredited shows a school’s doctoral, internship, or postdoctoral residency programs that can provide a high standard of education values.

There are several regional accreditations available for an entire school as well as programmatic accreditation for a Psychology programs. The most well-known programmatic accreditor is the American Psychological Association.

American Psychological Association

When you graduate from an APA accredited school , you should have the skills you need for a career in psychology. You should learn to provide evidence-based clinical service that can help you to better serve in your community with mental health-related issues and much more.

Many facilities in the US required potential applicants to have a degree from an APA accredited program.

Regional Accreditation

Each of the 6 regional bodies accredits schools by reviewing quality assurance and institutional improvement.

They will require the schools to do self-studies and then complete comprehensive evaluations and close monitoring to help the school keep high standards and expectations.

Financial Aid for a Doctoral Degree in Psychology

Federal financial aid can provide grants and low-interest loans. Many graduate and postsecondary schools offer scholarships and grants for all levels of education. Eligibility will depend on a student’s financial need, accomplishments, community service. Often, new students are given priority for scholarship opportunities.

There are many other ways to help fund your education. You must be willing to apply and provide all the necessary paperwork to qualify for aid. Here are some places to look to help get assistance in paying for your Doctoral Degree in Psychology.

• The National Science Foundation
• The American Psychological Association
• The American Psychological Association of Graduate Students
• The American Psychological Foundation
• The International Honor Society for Psychology, Psi Chi

There are often other types of financial aid. You should talk to your school, community agencies, and your current employer to find out more.

Is a PhD in Psychology Worth It? What About a PsyD?

Yes, a PhD in Psychology can be worth it for many students. The same goes for a PsyD. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, life, physical, and social science jobs are set to grow at 5% over the next 10 years, faster than the average for all occupations. Common careers in this field include psychology professor, clinical psychologist, marriage and family therapist, and developmental psychologist.

If you are interested in bettering your career in psychology, gaining more knowledge in your field of study, then a doctorate is worth your efforts. A PhD and a PsyD can help you to become an expert in your area.

Higher education can open many doors for you in your future endeavors and can help you started in the career you have been wanting.

Ph.D. in Psychology

• Academic Programs

About this Program

The Department of Psychology in the College of Liberal Arts offers the Ph.D. in Psychology, with emphases in Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychology.

The emphasis in Clinical Psychology is based on the scientist-practitioner model and thus designed to prepare an individual to become a professional psychologist capable of working in clinical and/or research settings.

The emphasis in Experimental Psychology provides rigorous and supportive scientific training that prepares graduates for careers in a broad spectrum of fields such as academic careers in teaching and research or corporate careers in health, behavioral, or social sciences. Experimental psychology students specialize in cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, or social psychology.

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Program information, program type.

Doctorate Program

Area of Study

Social Sciences, Law, and Policy

College of Liberal Arts

Program Location

Clinical Psychology; Experimental Psychology

Required Credit Hours

Program details.

The Department of Psychology welcomes student applications with the following materials. Additional details are found on the department website .

• Complete the Graduate School’s Online Application.
• Pay the application fee ($50).
• Submit official transcripts.
• International applicants whose first language is not English may be required to submit scores from an acceptable English language proficiency test .
• Upload Supplemental Application materials for the Department of Psychology to the link provided by the online application.
• Statement of purpose. See guidelines on webpage for Clinical Psychology and on the webpage for Experimental Psychology
• Three letters of recommendation: provide contact information for three recommenders  
• Psy 505: Conditioning and Learning
• Psy 703: Quantitative Methods in Psychology I
• Psy 704: Quantitative Methods in Psychology II
• Psy 709: Advanced Conditioning and Learning
• Psy 710: Cognitive Assessment
• Psy 711: Personality Assessment
• Psy 729: Advanced Psychopathology
• Psy 730: Evidence-based Clinical Interventions
• Psy 731: Theories of Psychotherapy
• Psy 741: Ethics & Prof Standards of Clinical Psychology
• Psy 748: Research Design
• Psy 751: History and Systems of Psychology
• multicultural psychology
• physiological psychology
• developmental psychology
• cognitive psychology
• social cognition
• 2 elective classes

Students in the Ph.D. in Psychology complete 54 credit hours. 

The emphasis in experimental psychology includes 12 graduate-level courses (covering foundational content in methods, statistics, and psychology) and a doctoral dissertation. Additional minors and/or concentrations in gender studies and applied statistics are also available. See details on the experimental emphasis webpage . 

• Psy 717: Individual Experimental Research
• Psy 735: Seminar on College Teaching
• Psy 755: Research Colloquium every semester
• Psy 707: Advanced Cognitive Psychology 
• Psy 712: Advanced Social Psychology
• Psy 713: Advanced Social Cognition
• Psy 715: Physiological Psychology
• Psy 718: Advanced Developmental Psychology  
• two elective courses, excluding Psy 747 (Problems), 697 (Thesis), and 797 (Dissertation)

Historically we have been able to provide a full tuition scholarship, subsidized health insurance , and monetary stipend each year to every student while enrolled on campus, so long as they are making satisfactory progress and matriculate through the program in a timely manner. Additional financial support is available through the Graduate School Recruiting Fellowships, and each year we nominate multiple eligible individuals for these awards. The Department also provides funds to help with graduate student travel costs to conferences.

The Graduate School’s financial aid webpage lists a variety of funding possibilities, including summer support and a recruiting fellowship program that promotes academic excellence and access to graduate education to groups who are historically underrepresented.  

Faculty are working on a wide variety of research topics encompassing areas such as:

• Contextual influences on psychological outcomes, including how lay-theories influence individual and interpersonal outcomes, cultivating youth environmental leadership and civic engagement, and understanding the mental health effects of disasters.
• Development across the lifespan from understanding social and cognitive development in early childhood, to dissemination of evidence-based services for children and adolescents, to adolescent anxiety disorders and substance use within a family context, to health behaviors and activity engagement in aging.
• Interpersonal influences on well-being including stigma and discrimination, social ostracism, interpersonal relationships, and sexuality.
• Health psychology, including psychological and social factors that contribute to poor health in adults with chronic health conditions.
• Psychopathology including cognitive-behavioral therapies, understanding and treatment of anxiety disorders across the lifespan, dimensional models of personality disorders and antisocial behavior, misophonia, and the role of meaning and purpose in life.
• Self Regulation including choice, self-knowledge, rule governance, behavior acquisition, behavior analysis; facial and verbal expressions of emotion and self-regulation of emotion; impulse control and psychopathology; and the development of executive function.
• Visual perception focused on understanding low-level visual processes.

What is Psychology?

Interested in Our Clinical Program?

We’re Here to Help! If you have any questions about the Ph.D. in Psychology with a Clinical emphasis, don’t hesitate to get in touch.

Todd A Smitherman

Professor of Psychology and Director of Clinical Training

• [email protected]
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DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY

• Undergraduate
• Graduate Studies in Psychology
• Areas of Specialization
• Considering Clinical Psychology

What Does It Take to Get Into Graduate School in Clinical Psychology?

Admission to PhD programs in clinical psychology is very competitive. Ratios of 300 applicants to 8 positions are common (though perhaps 10-15 people would have to be accepted to fill the 8 slots; some who are accepted decide to go elsewhere, or enter a different kind of graduate or professional program ). Different programs emphasize different characteristics, but it is safe to say that in all programs GREs and GPAs are examined closely. Graduate students in Northwestern's program have averaged over 1400 on the GRE (Verbal plus Quantitative), with an average GPA of over 3.5. (GPAs for the last two years of undergraduate schooling are most important, so students with uneven early records have a good chance if they've improved.) There are respectable programs whose students score lower on these measures, but students who have lower than 1200 on the GRE or a GPA of less than 3.3 can expect to find it difficult to get into a top graduate program in clinical psychology without other special qualifications.

Regarding less standardized criteria, most graduate programs in clinical psychology will prefer that you have taken a course in psychopathology, e.g., our Psych 303. Introduction to Clinical Psychology (Psych 306) can also be useful, in part as a way to learn more about the field and your options within it. Most graduate schools also expect students to have obtained some research experience. The primary concern is that students should have conducted some psychological research in order to know whether they find it interesting. From an admissions perspective, it is less important that you have had clinical research experience than it is that you have had meaningful research experiences (e.g., not just entering data). It is also important that you be able to solicit a letter of recommendation from at least one research supervisor. This means that it is important to get involved in research before you do your applications. If you plan to apply to graduate programs during fall of your senior year, then you should begin your research involvement as a junior, or even earlier.

Northwestern’s psychology department offers many  research opportunities  for undergraduate students. Each quarter, many of our students do  research for course credit  through 399-Independent Study or the two-quarter sequence 397-Advanced Supervised Research. You can learn more about 399 and 397, including their requirements and the differences between them, by reading our webpage on research for course credit. This page also includes tips on choosing a professor with whom to do research. Other students obtain paid positions in the department, typically through the federal  work-study program . You should make sure that your research experience provides you with an in-depth look at the nature of psychological research and at the theories and past research relevant for the questions under investigation. Entering data, scheduling research participants, and so on are integral parts of the research process, but it is important to do much more than that.

Some psychology students hope to do research that is outside the specific projects for which their faculty supervisors have funding. In addition, students who want to do research on campus during the summer may need to earn money for living expenses. Northwestern University, Weinberg College, and the psychology department all have funds available on a competitive basis to support student research. Guidelines for applying for the psychology department’s Benton J. Underwood Summer Fellowship are always included in the winter edition of our undergraduate newsletter,  Swift Thinking . See the Weinberg College webpage on  funds for undergraduate research  and the university page on  Research Opportunities for Undergraduates  for additional funding options.

Many graduate schools give a great deal of consideration to the likely match between potential students' interests and faculty interests. Students can convey their interests through the personal statements they include in their applications and in direct contact with relevant professors. If you have strong interests in a professor's research, this will make you a much more desirable applicant to that person. But you must be able to convey that your interests are serious, for example, by discussing a specific study. Faculty will not be impressed if it appears that you merely scanned the departmental brochure searching for topics that sound interesting.

Students may also want to consider trying some hands-on counseling-type work. Many agencies accept and train volunteers. For example, volunteering at a teen drop-in center or a hospital, working as a camp counselor for special needs children, and answering phones for a helpline can all be relevant experiences. If your goal is to work with some specific population – troubled teens, the elderly, autistic children – then you should try to gain some firsthand experience with this population. In part, this may serve as a valuable credential when you apply for graduate training. Perhaps more importantly, it will let you know if working with this population is as rewarding for you as you expect it to be. Two student groups –  Northwestern Community Development Corps (NCDC)  and  OASIS  – are good sources of information about volunteer opportunities in Evanston and surrounding communities

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• PhD in Psychology
• General Psychology

General Psychology Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology

Gain a deep understanding of the many facets of psychology and expand your opportunities for making a difference in people’s lives. Earn a PhD in Psychology, General Psychology from Capella University.

Whether you’re looking to teach, lead, or consult, you’ll have the flexibility to focus on topics that fit your interests. Simply choose electives that shape your education to meet your goals.

Relevant, real-world learning

Your psychology coursework allows you to conduct research in consultation with Capella faculty.

Complementary coursework approach

Get direct, intensive experience with face-to-face residencies that enhance your online coursework and help you complete your program successfully.

Scholar-practitioner faculty

Learn the latest in theory and practice from experienced doctoral faculty actively engaged in their professions.

Use the code WINTER  to waive the $50 application fee.

At a glance

• 7 Core courses
• 4 Specialized courses
• 25 max transfer credits
• 5 Elective courses
• 3 Doctoral Project Development Seminars

Comprehensive exam

Dissertation

Reduce your tuition by $5,000

Enroll in a qualified program and apply for a $5K Capella Progress Reward, a scholarship to help fund your doctoral degree..

Courses and skills

Explore psychology courses.

• This degree requires a total of 87 coursework credits
• You’ll need to complete seven core courses, four specialization courses, five elective courses, three doctoral project development seminars, one comprehensive exam and one dissertation

View all courses in catalog

*Course has prerequisite(s). See catalog for details.

What you'll learn

This degree program gives you the flexibility to study psychology with education or business to help you pursue a career you’re passionate about. It’s aligned with external professional standards to help you obtain the relevant expertise to advance your career.

On successful completion of this program, you should be able to:

• Think critically in response to psychological challenges
• Perform ethically in personal and professional interactions
• Communicate professionally in the discipline of psychology
• Design, plan, and conduct appropriate research in the field of psychology

Review the Capella career exploration guide to learn more about this program and career opportunities.

Tuition and learning format

How much does the phd in psychology cost.

The total cost of your degree will depend on academic performance, transfer credits, scholarships and other factors. See GuidedPath cost information below.

A structured learning format with an active peer community and faculty guidance. We’ll set the schedule, you meet the deadlines.

• Based on the quarter system; 1-3 courses per 10-week quarter
• 1 semester credit = 1.5 quarter credits
• Weekly assignments and courseroom discussions
• Pay for what you take, price varies by courseload or term

$555  per credit, 87  coursework credits, 25 max transfer credits

Learn more about GuidedPath »

Tuition breakdown

Program phases.

$555 Per quarter credit

87 coursework credits

Per quarter credit

$2,780 Per quarter

Per quarter

Resource kit fee

$175 Per quarter

Coursework phase only; includes eBooks, textbooks, interactive media, software, course packs, articles, and other instructional materials

Application fee

$50 One-time fee

One-time fee

Tuition and program length are unique to you

Your total tuition and program length depend on a variety of factors:

• The program specialization you choose
• Scholarships and finances
• Prior coursework
• Transfer credits
• Employer and/or military benefits
• Number of quarters spent working on dissertation
• Academic performance
• School/work/life balance
• Unexpected life events

About cost scenarios

The cost scenarios below are examples based on general program pricing and 2023–24 Capella tuition rates, and assume the average number of transfer credits a student brings into the program. Pacing information is current as of January 1, 2023. These rates are the same nationwide and may change depending on factors affecting program length and price.

To discuss whether the specialization you’re interested in has additional factors that may affect program cost and length, contact a Capella enrollment counselor.

Cost Scenarios

*Eligibility rules apply. Connect with us for details.

Get the details

Connect with an enrollment counselor to further discuss the cost of the program and explore your eligibility for scholarships and discounts.

Scholarships and savings

Are there scholarships available for doctoral degrees.

Your education is an investment in your future that’s within your reach. There are  more ways to save  than you might think.

$5K toward your doctorate

Apply for a $5K scholarship Capella Progress Reward, a scholarship to help fund your doctoral degree. Apply now

Employer & association discounts

If your employer or organization is a Capella network partner, you may be eligible for a discount. Ask your employer what offers are available.

10% military discount

If you’re an active-duty military service member, military spouse of active duty, veteran or use Chapter 35 benefits, you may be eligible for discounts on tuition at Capella on select programs.  Get details

Accredited and recognized

Capella is accredited by the higher learning commission..

Accreditation and recognitions provide assurance that we meet standards for quality of faculty, curriculum, learner services, and fiscal stability. See all our  accreditations  and  recognitions .

How to apply

What are the phd in psychology admission requirements.

Applicants must provide the following information for  admission  to Capella programs and specializations:

• A master’s degree from an institution accredited by an agency recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or from an internationally recognized institution
•  Your official master’s transcripts, with a minimum grade point average of 3.0 or higher on a 4.0 scale
• A valid, government-issued form of photo identification

GRE and GMAT are not required for admission.

International Student Requirements

If you completed your most recent academic coursework, degree, or credential at an institution outside the United States, regardless of your citizenship or where you currently live, you are considered an international applicant.

In addition to the above admission requirements, you will need to submit these materials:

• Minimum score on acceptable test for proof of English proficiency
• Transcript evaluation

Learn more about  international student admissions .

Faculty and support

What support does capella offer online students.

Our programs are designed to meet the unique needs of doctoral students. We’ve structured the experience in manageable pieces that build on one another to help you earn your doctorate. You’ll have support from faculty, staff, and online resources along the way.

Professional doctoral faculty

Work with faculty members who have years of experience and specialize in their areas of expertise throughout each phase of your program, including literature review and implementation planning.

Enrollment counselors

These experts will set you up for success. They’ll help you find the right degree program and answer all your questions about Capella.

Academic coaches

Through quarterly appointments and as-needed counseling sessions, these specialists introduce you to Capella and help you tailor your program to your personal goals and experiences.

Articles and resources

Expand your perspective on academic and career topics with articles and resources from Capella University.

What’s it like to be a doctoral student?

What does it take to earn a doctoral degree? Learn more about the experience and explore each step of the journey.

Career exploration

What can you do with a phd in psychology degree.

Your education can help you reach your personal and professional goals. Here are some of the jobs and employment settings to consider with a PhD in Psychology, General Psychology.

Related job titles to explore*

• Adjunct or part-time psychology faculty
• Full-time psychology faculty
• Program administrator/director
• Dean of psychology faculty
• Research coordinator/administrator

Employment settings to explore

• Community college
• Residential care facility
• Land-based or online college or university
• Government—local, state, federal
• Human resources department
• Market research firm
• Nonprofit organization
• Social service agency
• Insurance carrier

*These are examples intended to serve as a general guide. Some positions may prefer or even require previous experience, licensure, certifications, and/or other designations along with a degree. Because many factors determine what position an individual may attain, Capella cannot guarantee that a graduate will secure any specific job title, a promotion, salary increase, or other career outcome. We encourage you to research requirements for your job target and career goals.

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PhD Degree Requirements

This webpage provides a quick overview of the requirements for our PhD program. More detailed information can be found in the Psychology Graduate Guide . This webpage and the Graduate Guide supplement the Psychology PhD requirements defined in the Stanford Bulletin and the policies for all Stanford graduate education as defined in the Graduate Academic Policies and Procedures Handbook . 

The most important component of our PhD program is engaging in scientific research. Students in our PhD program conduct in-depth research in at least one of five areas of study: Affective , Cognitive , Developmental , Neuroscience , or Social Psychology. All students are expected to spend at least half of their time engaged in research. Each quarter, students should register for 8 - 10 research units (PSYCH207: Graduate Research) and take no more than 10 units of coursework.

The sections below outline program requirements regarding coursework and teaching, as well as key milestones towards a PhD degree.

Course Requirements

• Teaching Requirements  
• Key Program Milestones

Core Courses, Statistics/Methods Courses, and Advanced Units must be taken for a letter grade and passed with a grade of B- or higher. Click each requirement to open the relevant sections in the Graduate Guide.  

Professional Seminar 

All incoming students are required to take PSYCH207 in the first quarter (Year 1 Autumn). This is a course taught by the Department Chair with guest lectures from faculty across all areas, and serves to introduce the first-year students to the Department. 

• PSYCH 207: Professional Seminar for First-Year Ph.D Students

As a part of PSYCH 207, first-year students are also expected to meet with their advisor(s) early in the fall quarter of the first year to discuss mentorship expectations. 

Core Courses

Students are required to complete 4 of the following Core Courses by the end of Yr 3.

• PSYCH 202: Cognitive Neuroscience
• PSYCH 205: Foundations of Cognition
• PSYCH 211: Developmental Psychology
• PSYCH 213: Affective Science
• PSYCH 215: Mind, Culture, and Society

Statistics / Methods Courses

Students must complete PSYCH 251 and one additional statistics/methods courses by the end of Year 2. At least one of the two courses must be taken in the first year. 

• PSYCH 251: Experimental Methods (Required) 
• PSYCH 249: Large-Scale Neural Network Modeling for Neuroscience
• PSYCH 252: Statistical Methods for Behavioral and Social Sciences
• PSYCH 253: Measurement and the Study of Change in Social Science Research
• PSYCH 289: Longitudinal Data Analysis in Social Science Research

Some students may wish to take advanced courses in Statistics or CS not listed above; please consult with your advisor and send an inquiry to the Student Services Manager. These requests may be reviewed by the DGS and/or the GPC.

Advanced Units / PhD Minor  

Students must complete 12 units of advanced graduate coursework (“Advanced Units”, or AU), or complete a PhD Minor by the end of Year 4.  

Students and their advisor(s) should discuss the course requirements and create a plan together for completing the Advanced Units. To this end, rising 2nd year students must submit an Advanced Courses Form by the first Monday in October (usually the first Monday of the Fall Quarter) of the 2nd year. 

Terminal Graduate Registration (TGR) Statu s

Students should apply for Terminal Graduate Registration (TGR) status once they have accumulated 135 units of residency and have filed a Dissertation Reading Committee form . Students in TGR status should register for PSYCH 802: TGR Dissertation (0 units) and take no more than 3 units of coursework per quarter. Typically, students transition to TGR in the Winter quarter of 5th year. 

For more information about Course Requirements, consult the Graduate Guide and the Stanford Graduate Academic Policies and Procedures Handbook .

Teaching Requirements

All students serve as teaching assistants for at least 5 Psychology courses during their graduate study, regardless of the source of their financial support. Of these 5 TAships, students must apply for 2 of their TAships to be in one of the two tracks: 

• PSYCH 1 Track (2 quarters of Introduction to Psychology)  
• STATS Track (2 quarters of core statistics/methods course: PSYCH 10, PSYCH 251, PSYCH 252, PSYCH 253).  

Students can review the Department's complete  TA policy  for more details. Questions about TA assignments or TA policy should be directed to the Student Services Manager. 

Program Requirements and Milestones

Year 1: First Year Project (FYP)

At the end of their first year of graduate study, students must submit a written report of their first-year research activities, called the First Year Project (FYP) by June 1 The FYP is submitted to their advisor, second FYP reader (another faculty), and the students’ services manager. Students are also expected to present the results of their FYP in their area seminar. 

Year 2: Admission to Candidacy

In our department, a student’s application for candidacy must be filed as soon as all requirements for Year 1 and Year 2 are completed (and by the end of the 2nd year). The decision to advance a student to candidacy is made based on a holistic assessment of the student’s progress in the program. For more information, please refer to the Graduate Guide, section on Admission to Candidacy. 

Conferral of a masters degree: Graduate students in the Department of Psychology who have completed (a) the first-year and second-year course requirements and (b) at least 45 units of Psychology courses may apply for a conferral of the MA degree.

Master of Arts Degree in Psychology (Optional)

Graduate students in the Department of Psychology who have completed (a) the first-year and second-year course requirements and (b) at least 45 units of Psychology courses may apply for conferral of the MA degree. The application should be reviewed with the Student Services Manager. The  application process  typically occurs in 2nd or 3rd year.

Year 3: Research Plan and Dissertation Reading Committee   

Students in Year 3 are expected to:

(1) Form a dissertation reading committee (due Feb 1): The research committee includes the dissertation advisor and at least 2 additional faculty members, for a total of 3 members, at least two of whom should have primary appointments in the Psychology Department. 

(2) Schedule and hold the 3rd Year Committee Meeting to take place in Winter or Spring quarter (before June 1), and submit a research plan to their committee 2 weeks before the meeting

(3) After the committee meeting, submit the Research Plan to the Student Services Manager and report the meeting date using the Committee Meeting Google Form .

Year 4: Area Review and Research Roadmap (ARRR) and Committee Meeting

Students in Year 4 are expected to:

(1) Schedule and hold the 4th Year Committee Meeting in the Winter quarter and submit an Area Review & Research Roadmap (ARRR) to the committee two weeks before the meeting.

(2) After the committee meeting, submit the ARRR to the Student Services Manager and report the meeting date using the Committee Meeting Google Form . 

Final Year: Oral Examination and Dissertation  

Students in Year 3 and above are expected to hold a committee meeting every year. In their final year, students must form their Oral Examination Committee including identifying an external chair. Students must submit the Oral Exam Form to the Student Services Manager at least 2 weeks before the anticipated defense and follow the standard Department protocol for reserving a room for their defense.

Individual Development Plan

Every year, each graduate student completes an Individual Development Plan (IDP) and has a meeting with their advisor to discuss the IDP and set an Action Plan for the coming year. The goal of the IDP is for the student to step back from their daily tasks, reflect on the larger picture, discuss these topics with their mentor, and make an action plan for achieving their goals going forward. The IDP meeting must occur by June 1 each year. 

The IDP process has 4 steps:

1. Student completeness the IDP Self-Reflection form  

2. Student prepares the IDP Meeting and Action Plan form and schedules a one-on-one meeting with the advisor. 

3. Student and Advisor(s) complete the Action Plan (pages 3-4 of the IDP Meeting and Action Plan form ). 

4. Student submits the IDP Meeting Google Form to report the meeting to the Student Services.

Students can also use the IDP meeting to discuss mentorship expectations and schedule additional meetings if further conversations are needed. Note that first-year students must schedule a separate meeting with their advisors to discuss Mentorship Expectation as a part of their ProSem requirement

Graduation Quarter

Registration for Graduation Quarter is required for the term in which a student submits a dissertation or has a degree conferred. Please consult the Registrar's Academic Calendar for the quarterly deadlines for submitting dissertations; they are strict, and missing the deadline can have serious funding implications. For more information, please refer to the Graduate Guide and Registrar's Office website .

PhD Program Timeline At-A-Glance

• FYP Proposal and name of 2nd reader due to Student Services

End of Fall Quarter 

• Complete the mentorship expectations meeting with advisor
• FYP due to Student Services, advisor, and 2nd reader

Summer of 1st Year

• Meet and receive feedback from advisor and 2nd reader
• Submit  Advanced Units coursework form  to Student Services

June 1  

• IDP Meeting Due

By the end of 2nd Year

• Submit  Candidacy Form  to Student Services
• Submit  Doctoral Dissertation Reading Committee form  to Student Services
• Schedule 3rd Year Committee Meeting
• Hold Committee Meeting (Research Plan to committee 2 weeks before meeting), and report meeting to Student Services; IDP Meeting
• Schedule 4th Year Committee Meeting
• Submit ARRR to the committee two weeks before the meeting
• Hold Committee Meeting
• Report meeting to Student Services
• IDP Meeting

2 weeks before Defense: 

• Submit the  Oral Exam form  to Student Services

End of Spring Quarter: 

• Oral Examination
• Submit Dissertation 
• Schedule and hold a 5th Year Committee Meeting 

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• PsyD vs PhD

PsyD Frequently Asked Questions

What should potential students know about the PsyD and how it compares and contrasts with the Ph.D., what’s required for admission to a PsyD program, and how long do most programs take? We’ll answer those questions and more below.

In This Section

• PsyD vs Ph.D. in Psychology

Steps to take to get my PsyD

• What can I do with my PsyD?

How much do you make with a PsyD?

How long does it take to get a psyd after a masters, is a psyd as good as a ph.d., is a psyd a doctor, can you get a psyd without a masters, can you teach with a psyd, do psyd programs require a master’s, what jobs can i get with a psyd, what jobs can you get with a psyd in clinical psychology, is a psyd a psychologist, can i get a psyd without a masters, can a psyd diagnose, can psyd write prescriptions, which is better psyd or ph.d., is someone with a psyd a doctor, can you get a psyd online, how many years is a psyd program, are psyd programs hard to get into, do you have to get a master’s before a psyd, can i get a psyd with a masters in counseling, can you become a psychologist with a psyd, is it worth it to get a psyd, psyd vs ph.d.

PsyD focuses on clinical training and once you finish it, you become a doctor of psychology. On the other hand, a PhD student must prepare a master thesis and a doctoral dissertation , it focuses primarily on research. ( See more PsyD vs PhD degree )  – Burcu Arslan ,  B.A. Psychology, Bogazici University (2017)

As a terminal degree in psychology, the Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D) is a doctoral degree that can provide a crucial stepping stone for a long and happy career in the analysis of human behavior. Though a Psy.D is a bit newer than the more traditional, academic-minded Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology (PhD), it’s quickly become a very popular degree option for psychology professionals and learners. Learn More.

What can I do with my PsyD?

As a terminal degree, meaning the highest possible academic achievement in the field, a PsyD is a doctoral degree that can provide the foundation of many successful and challenging career paths, including becoming a licensed clinical psychologist, working in academia or even helping hold criminals accountable for their actions. Learn More.

A common career path for those with a PsyD is becoming a licensed psychologist, and the median annual wage in the U.S. for psychologists is $79,010. Industrial-organizational psychologists, another possible career path after a PsyD, earn a median annual amount of $97,260, while clinical, school and counseling psychologists earn $76,990 per year.

At least 4 years. Students with master’s degrees are able to complete the typical PsyD program in as little as 4 years, though it’s common for a PsyD to take up to 6 years . The time to complete a PsyD varies based on the program and what real-world experience is required, as well as the student’s desired focus area and whether they are able to attend full time. A PsyD generally can be completed more quickly than a Ph.D.  Learn more .

In many cases, yes, especially for those who wish to immediately begin a career as a licensed clinical psychologist. The chief difference between a PsyD and a Ph.D. is the program approach, with Ph.D. programs being more focused on academics and PsyD programs putting their focus on hands-on experience. Individuals who intend to teach at the postsecondary level or conduct clinical research would find a Ph.D. to be the preferred degree in most cases, though.

Any person who has a doctoral-level degree could well refer to themselves as “Dr.” — and ask others to do the same. This goes for those who have earned a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) degree as well. It’s important to note, however, that this title does not mean a PsyD holder is a medical doctor, as the training and education required to earn a PsyD is not the same as medical school, and most states do not permit psychologists to do things like write prescriptions.

It’s often recommended by PsyD programs that students complete master’s level work before beginning any doctoral program, including the PsyD, or Doctor of Psychology. However, many programs across the U.S. offer joint degree programs in which students will spend the first couple of years of their PsyD program earning their master’s degree, and many other schools don’t explicitly require applicants to have a master’s degree. Learn More .

Yes, but it’s unlikely that a PsyD alone will be a strong enough qualification to earn a full-time, tenure-track teaching position at a college or university. The Doctor of Psychology degree was designed specifically for individuals whose career goal is the practice of clinical psychology, and it was meant as an alternative to the heavy academic focus of traditional Ph.D. programs.

In some cases, yes, but many schools offer joint degree programs in which students spend the first portion of their time completing masters-level work so that they essentially finish two degrees in one. And not all PsyD schools require a master’s degree , though it’s generally considered a boost for applications.

Most individuals with a PsyD degree will work in clinical psychology, which could include working in schools, healthcare settings or in private practice. Another popular job for PsyD holders is as an industrial-organizational psychologist, which is usually a less hands-on role but may be more lucrative than others. Other potential job titles include counselor, therapist, teacher, and many others.

A PsyD in clinical psychology is a doctoral program that focuses on the hands-on practice and theory of psychology and human behavior. As such, most careers in Psychology for people with that degree will involve working directly with clients or patients in helping them understand why they do the things they do and potentially assisting them in altering their behavior. Specific job titles include clinical psychologist, therapist, counselor, and many others.

In most states, a person cannot legally call themselves a psychologist without first becoming licensed in the state. This means that in addition to completing the PsyD, the person must have at least 1 year of supervised professional experience in addition to passing the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology. Before they’ve done that, a person with a PsyD is simply someone who has finished a rigorous academic track.

Yes, but students who pursue a PsyD track before completing their master’s degree may limit the number of schools they can apply to; that’s because some schools do require a master’s, and most of them consider master’s degrees beneficial in the application process. Also, many schools today offer joint MS/PsyD degrees, so it may be possible to complete graduate work while you do your doctorate.

One of the most important functions served by psychologists who have earned a PsyD before beginning their practice and becoming licensed is to study human behavior and diagnose disorders and other issues, so being able to identify and isolate emotional and mental disorders is crucial for most PsyD’s. But while they can and should diagnose mental and behavioral problems, most PsyDs cannot prescribe medications.

In most states, no, though five states — Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, New Mexico, and Louisiana — do permit some licensed clinical psychologists to prescribe medication. All of those states require applicants not only to have a PsyD but to complete a post-doctoral Master of Science in Clinical Psychopharmacology in order to achieve prescriptive authority. In all other states, PsyDs are not permitted to write prescriptions, though efforts have been made in other states to expand prescriptive authority to psychologists.

The answer to this question depends on the career goals of the person asking. If a prospective psychology student is certain that their career path will mostly involve working directly with clients or patients, diagnosing their emotional and behavioral problems and devising plans to improve their lives, then a PsyD degree is probably better. If the person has any desire to conduct clinical research or teach at the postsecondary level, then a Ph.D. may be the better option. Learn More .

Yes, as a doctorate-holder, a person who has earned a PsyD could definitely refer to themselves as “Dr.,” though it’s good to note that PsyDs are not medical doctors and in most states cannot prescribe medication or conduct medical treatments. But like their PhD-holding counterparts, PsyD-earners have completed doctoral education and therefore are technically doctors.

Yes, increasingly schools are offering fully online or hybrid Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) programs that still meet the intended purpose of a PsyD program, which is to provide students with hands-on experience in the practice of psychology. Each school handles things a bit differently, but because a PsyD is designed specifically to focus more on clinical work than academics, the idea of an online PsyD is actually quite logical, since the degree is one in which classroom work, while important, is not necessarily the only focus. See 5+ Best Online Psyd Programs .

A PsyD program typically takes at least four years to finish but can take as long as six years. It depends on whether the student is enrolled full-time or part-time. Also, if you come into the PsyD program with most prerequisites completed, the program can take closer to four years. Students who have to pay for their program out of pocket may need to take breaks to save money, so they could take longer to complete their PsyD.

Getting into a PsyD program is typically easier to get into than a Ph.D. program. Ph.D. programs in psychology tend to be highly selective, taking 10 or fewer students per year. Ph.D. programs across the country have a 13% acceptance rate. On the other hand, PsyD programs usually accommodate more students, as many as 100 per class per year. With more spots available, the average acceptance rate is approximately 40%.

Most students entering a PsyD program have a master’s degree in psychology or a related field. However, there are some PsyD programs that allow students to enter with a bachelor’s degree. Your education will include working on your master’s in psychology and then your Psy.D. This is known as a joint or dual degree program and can reduce the time you spend in school to earn the two degrees.

The type of master’s degree that is required to be accepted into a PsyD program will depend on the individual university program. However, many PsyD programs will accept students into their programs with a master’s degree in counseling or clinical psychology. Check with the specific program you are interested in to determine which master’s degrees they will accept for entry into the program.

Yes, in fact, this is the best educational step you can take in your journey to becoming a psychologist. In every state, professional licensure is required to practice as a psychologist, and completing a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) fulfills the educational requirements set forth by the states. But it’s important to note that most states prefer applicants to complete their doctoral training in programs accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA), while a couple of them will only grant licenses to those who have APA-accredited degrees. States also will grant licensure to those who have completed Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees in psychology, but state requirements for supervised professional experience mean that Psy.D. degrees are typically a better investment for those who want to practice psychology professionally, as most Psy.D. programs are designed to provide exactly that type of hands-on experience.

You have two doctoral options in psychology; the PsyD or Ph.D. The PsyD is a newer degree program that started in the 1970s that prioritizes clinical therapy. The Ph.D. is a  more traditional doctoral degree that focuses more on teaching skills and research at the university level. Learn more .

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Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) - Counseling Psychology

Develop exceptional  mental health counseling skills with a psyd in counseling psychology.

Expert mental health counselors are essential for a healthy society, but there often aren’t enough counselors to meet demand. With a Doctor of Psychology degree in Counseling Psychology from University of the Pacific, you can develop the skills required to fill this vital need.

Our PsyD degree helps you advance a career as a mental health practitioner by providing a deep knowledge base in psychology, clinical skills and research skills. Over the course of the four-year Counseling Psychology program, you’ll study counseling, assessment, ethics, psychopharmacology and more to become a well-rounded, effective counselor.

A flexible approach to earning your Doctor of Psychology degree

This PsyD program is taught through a flexible hybrid model that helps you fit your coursework into your busy schedule. Online you will find lectures, discussions, quizzes and more, so you can study new material when it’s most convenient to you.

Meanwhile, you’ll spend your valuable in-person class time on interactive learning. In-person learning takes up just one to two days a week, minimizing the time you have to spend commuting.

Stockton Campus Location

Hybrid course format, in-person 1-2 days/week.

Our PsyD in Counseling Psychology is crafted to give you in-depth knowledge in all the topics needed to be an effective counseling psychologist. What sets this Counseling Psychology program apart, though, is our commitment to giving you hands-on experiences and a flexible learning model.

Get In-Person Experience in the Field

Every PsyD candidate completes an internship before graduating, so you’re guaranteed to enter the workforce with practical experience on your resume. You’ll also have opportunities to practice your skills in practicum placements in various types of counseling settings.

Fit Your Studies Around Your Busy Schedule

We understand that you have a lot going on, from existing jobs to family obligations and more. So we’ve designed a hybrid PsyD program that mixes synchronous and asynchronous online learning with one to two days of face-to-face classes. Enjoy the flexibility of hybrid learning without sacrificing valuable in-person interaction.

Connect with Practioners and Researchers

The faculty of our counseling psychology program includes expert practitioners engaged in impactful research. You’ll also gain networking opportunities through practicums and your internship, so you’ll be able to establish a professional network while completing your PsyD degree.

Learn Alongside a Cohort of Peers

Courses for this Doctor of Psychology follow a predetermined sequence, so you’ll have no confusion about what to take next. More importantly, you’ll get to progress through the program alongside a cohort of fellow students, learning from and supporting each other as you take classes together.

“At University of the Pacific, we value and teach students to be reflective practitioners, collaborative leaders and lifelong learners. Students benefit from close working relationships with dedicated and passionate professors. Our distinguished faculty members are firmly engaged in the local community and provide students with exceptional opportunities for experiential learning.”

-Justin Low, Program Lead, University of the Pacific

What Can You Do With Your Doctor of Psychology Degree?

Once you’ve graduated with your PsyD degree, you’ll be able to help fill San Joaquin County’s pressing need for mental health professionals. Counseling jobs are available in mental health clinics, hospitals, private practices and schools — essentially, almost any setting you may be interested in

Mental health counseling is a growing field in high demand. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that jobs for mental health counselors will grow by 22 percent by 2031, a rate that’s much higher than the national average. Earning a PsyD in Counseling Psychology positions you to take advantage of this growth.

Explore Courses for the Doctor of Psychology

We’re committed to providing a foundation in both theory and practical applications for every aspect of counseling psychology in our PsyD program. Topics you’ll study include:

• Development
• Ethical practice
• Psychopharmacology
• Neuropsychology
• Research methods

Specific courses for the PsyD degree include practicum-based classes dedicated to developing hands-on experience, a group counseling course that teaches the theories of group dynamics through participation in group learning, and more.

Take the Next Step to Your Doctor of Psychology Degree

We take a hands-on approach with our students. This means we want to get to know you throughout your discovery and application process. Help us connect with you by taking the next step toward earning your PsyD in Counseling Psychology

Graduate Degree Programs Related to Counseling Psychology

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Master’s Study in Psychology

Develop the understanding, professional skills and empathetic approaches that are critical for success in psychology with a master’s degree in psychology from Adelphi University in New York.

Three Degree Options

Choose from MA programs in general psychology, mental health counseling, and school psychology. Each offers optional specializations and valuable field placements.

Making Your Degree Affordable

Adelphi and the Derner School of Psychology offer many ways to help you pay for master’s study, including graduate merit scholarships, scholarships for master’s psychology students, teaching assistantships and even employer tuition reimbursement.

A master’s degree in psychology opens doors to a wide variety of careers and can serve as a pathway to a doctorate.

Derner’s master’s in psychology programs give you the knowledge, training, critical reasoning skills and cultural competence you’ll need to excel in your career. Each includes optional specializations to help you focus on your interests:

• General Psychology: Human Resource Management, Substance Abuse Counseling
• Mental Health Counseling: Global Mental Health, Substance Abuse Counseling
• School Psychology: Bilingual School Psychology, Autism Specialization

Our rigorous master’s programs also offer part-time options and flexible schedules to meet our students’ work or family responsibilities.

Graduate Psychology Programs

Exceptional hands-on training.

As a master’s student at the Derner School of Psychology, you’ll gain clinical skills through practica and internships in local healthcare settings, schools, agencies and organizations, and community services offered by Adelphi. You can also gain valuable experience—and earn money to help cover tuition—in graduate assistantships.

Field Placements

Field experience is a vital part of our master’s degree programs, helping you develop the professional skills and the cultural competence to thrive in any working environment.

Graduate Assistantships

Working with faculty, staff and students helps cover the cost of your graduate education. Choose from research, testing or departmental assistantships.

“A number of professors in this program have made a profound impact on my development. The coursework, practica and internship experiences helped prepare me to obtain a job prior to graduation.

Mentoring Future Psychologists

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Earn Your Master’s Degree at the Derner School of Psychology

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Is a Psychology Degree Worth It?

Know before you read At SNHU, we want to make sure you have the information you need to make decisions about your education and your future—no matter where you choose to go to school. That's why our informational articles may reference careers for which we do not offer academic programs, along with salary data for those careers. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

If you're interested in the human mind, you might want to pursue a psychology degree. But you may also be wondering how you might use a psychology degree and if it’ll be worth it in the end.

Can a Psychology Degree Be Useful?

There are a few different types of psychology degrees  you may consider pursuing, depending on your interests and career goals.

A few of those include:

• Associate of Arts (AA) in Psychology (Not currently offered at SNHU)
• Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Psychology
• Master of Science (MS) in Psychology
• Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology (PhD-PSY) (Not currently offered at SNHU)
• Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) (Not currently offered at SNHU)

Dr. Leslie Buddington , an online adjunct psychology instructor at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU), suggested a master’s degree in industrial-organizational psychology  degree if you’d like to apply psychology concepts to the workplace.

Although there are several different areas you can focus on, most psychology programs have some common skills you can learn.

According to Buddington, while pursuing a psychology degree, you may learn about:

• Applying research
• Conducting experiments
• Data analysis and research methods
• Individual differences
• Making measurable changes in an environment  
• Social justice and inequities  

“Those are incredible skills that are useful in any future career,” said Buddington.

Many employers look for individuals with those kinds of skills, across a variety of fields. According to Buddington, psychology is a well-rounded field that demonstrates that you understand people, how situations contribute to behavior, how to predict and change behaviors and how to apply that information in order to make changes to a system. “That is going to help you stand out as a job candidate in multiple careers," she said.

Exploring experiential learning opportunities  can help you to stand out even further, providing real-world experience while you're a student. Buddington noted that you can also work with your school's career center to find an internship.  “An internship or experiential learning opportunity is definitely worthwhile to pursue," she said.

Find Your Program

How hard is a psychology degree.

"Because in psychology there are multiple perspectives (cognitive, developmental, behavioral, evolutionary and so forth), there is often no one ‘correct’ answer,” said Buddington. “Sometimes the fact that an answer is not just black or white doesn’t fit with how some people think.”

Buddington also said that students can sometimes be surprised by the amount of statistics and research work a psychology program involves.

The course load and program requirements may vary from school to school. Taking the time to research and ask questions about the programs you’re interested in can give you a better idea of what to expect while pursuing a psychology degree.

“I don’t necessarily think a psychology degree is hard, but it can sometimes be different from what you are expecting,” said Buddington.

Is a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Worth It?

Buddington said that a BA in Psychology can allow you to work in many careers. Some options you may consider include:

• Data analysis
• Human resources
• Law enforcement
• Sports coaching

“I think because the principles you are learning apply to people, situations, behavior, society, as well as data analysis, they are universal skills that are needed across multiple career fields,” said Buddington.

And the reasons for entering this field of study are just as varied.

With her degree, Molinari hopes to work at a healthcare organization. She wants to help anyone who needs discretion, empathy and care, such as those transitioning or those who don’t have healthcare.

“I would just like to lend a helping hand to anybody who needs it,” she said.

A psychology degree can also help you to change careers.

“I always had an interest in the human mind,” said Parker. Psychology was the obvious choice when choosing his major.

After working 14-hour shifts, traveling all over the country, he would start doing his schoolwork. Since earning his degree, he now works as an HR business partner.

“It’s amazing, the job opportunities you can get with a psychology degree,” said Parker.

Is a Master of Science in Psychology Worth It?

“With an MS in Psychology, you are able to concentrate more fully on a field,” said Buddington.  

You might become a therapist or forensic psychologist, according to Buddington. She said that a master’s degree may also allow you to teach at some community colleges.

Parker said that his degree has already opened doors for him, including the opportunity to pursue further education. He’s currently enrolled in the MA in Clinical Mental Health Counseling program at SNHU. (SNHU is not currently enrolling new students in the graduate counseling program.)

“My ultimate goal is to go back into drug and alcohol counseling, try to help people who suffer with addiction,” he said.

Are Psychologists in Demand?

“Post-pandemic there is more need than ever for psychologists,” said Buddington.

Becoming a psychologist typically requires a master's degree or higher, and licensing requirements vary by state. BLS predicts that job growth for psychologists will grow by 6% through 2032.*

“Teletherapy allows more individuals to have access to therapy that they otherwise may not have had,” said Buddington.

For example, people living in rural areas might not have therapists available nearby. Teletherapy allows those individuals to have access to therapy, said Buddington. “The fact that you can become teletherapy certified is an equity and inclusion triumph,” she said.

Like most fields, psychology is open to more diverse and inclusive perspectives. A psychology degree can provide you with the ability to better understand those from different backgrounds from you.

According to a study on diverse populations by the American Psychiatric Association, people from racial or ethnic minority groups are less likely to receive mental health care ( American Psychiatric Association PDF Source ). Some factors contributing to this include:

• Lack of diversity among mental health providers
• Language barriers
• Mental health stigma

Psychologists with unique cultural perspectives can help more people to feel understood.

A degree can change your life. Find the SNHU psychology program  that can best help you meet your career goals.

*Cited job growth projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth. Actual salaries and/or earning potential may be the result of a combination of factors including, but not limited to: years of experience, industry of employment, geographic location, and worker skill.

Ashleigh Worley '22 is a writer at Southern New Hampshire University, where she earned her Bachelor of Arts in English. She is currently pursuing a Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing at SNHU. Connect with her on LinkedIn .

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About southern new hampshire university.

SNHU is a nonprofit, accredited university with a mission to make high-quality education more accessible and affordable for everyone.

Founded in 1932, and online since 1995, we’ve helped countless students reach their goals with flexible, career-focused programs . Our 300-acre campus in Manchester, NH is home to over 3,000 students, and we serve over 135,000 students online. Visit our about SNHU  page to learn more about our mission, accreditations, leadership team, national recognitions and awards.