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A More Sustainable Path to 2050

Science shows us a clear path to 2050 in which both nature and 10 billion people can thrive together.

August 30, 2019

Written for The Nature Conservancy Magazine Fall 2019 issue by Heather Tallis, former lead scientist for TNC.

A few years ago The Nature Conservancy began a process of reassessing its vision and goals for prioritizing its work around the globe. The resulting statement called for a world where “nature and people thrive, and people act to conserve nature for its own sake and its ability to fulfill and enrich our lives.”

That sounds like a sweet future, but if you’re a scientist, like I am, you immediately start to wonder what that statement means in a practical sense. Could we actually get there? Is it even possible for people and nature to thrive together?

Our leaders had the same question. In fact, when the vision statement was first presented at a board meeting, our president leaned over and asked me if we had the science to support it.

“No,” I said. “But we can try to figure it out.”

There is a way to sustain nature and 10 billion people.

Explore the path to a better world. Just 3 changes yield an entirely different future.

Ultimately, I assembled a collaborative team of researchers to take a hard look at whether it really is possible to do better for both people and nature: Can we have a future where people get the food, energy and economic growth they need without sacrificing more nature?

Modeling the Status Quo: What the World Will Look Like in 2050

Working with peers at the University of Minnesota and 11 other universities, think tanks and nonprofits, we started by looking into what experts predict the world will look like in 2050 in terms of population growth and economic expansion. The most credible projections estimate that human population will increase from about 7 billion people today to 9.7 billion by 2050, and the global economy will be three times as large as it is today.

Our next step was to create a set of mathematical models analyzing how that growth will influence demand for food, energy and water.

We first asked how nature will be doing in 2050 if we just keep doing things the way we’ve been doing them. To answer this, we assumed that expanding croplands and pastures would be carved out of natural lands, the way they are today. And we didn’t put any new restrictions on the burning of fossil fuels. We called this the “business as usual” scenario. It’s the path we’re on today. On this current path, most of the world’s energy—about 76%—will come from burning fossil fuels. This will push the Earth’s average temperature up by about 5.8 degrees Fahrenheit, driving more severe weather, droughts, fires and other destructive patterns. That dirty energy also will expose half of the global population to dangerous levels of air pollution.

Dig into the Research

Explore the models behind the two paths to 2050 and download the published findings.

We first asked how nature will be doing in 2050 if we just keep doing things the way we’ve been doing them.

Meanwhile, the total amount of cropland will increase by about the size of the state of Colorado. Farms will also suffer from increasing water stress—meaning, simply, there won’t be enough water to easily supply agricultural needs and meet the water requirements of nearby cities, towns and wildlife.

In this business-as-usual scenario, fishing worldwide is left to its own devices and there are no additional measures in place to protect nature beyond what we have today. As a result, annual fish catches decline by 11% as fisheries are pushed to the brink by unsustainable practices. On land, we end up losing 257 million more hectares (about 10 Colorados) of our native forests and grasslands. Freshwater systems suffer, too, as droughts and water consumption, especially for agriculture, increase.

Overall, the 2050 predicted by this business-as-usual model is a world of scarcity, where neither nature nor people are thriving. The future is pretty grim under this scenario—it’s certainly not a world that any of us would want to live in.

We wanted to know, “does it really have to be this way?”

Modeling a More Sustainable 2050

Next, we used our model to test whether predicted growth by 2050 really requires such an outcome. In this version of the future, we allowed the global economy and the population to grow in exactly the same manner, but we adjusted variables to include more sustainability measures.

The 2050 predicted by the business-as-usual model is a world of scarcity, where neither nature nor people are thriving. The future is pretty grim under this scenario—it’s certainly not a world that any of us would want to live in.

We didn’t go crazy with the sustainability scenario. We didn’t assume that everyone was going to become a vegan or start driving hydrogen cell cars tomorrow. Instead, the model allowed people to continue doing the basic things we’re doing today, but to do them a little differently and to adopt some green technologies that already exist a little bit faster.

In this sustainable future, we limited global warming to 2.9 degrees Fahrenheit, which would force societies to reduce fossil fuel consumption to just 13% of total energy production. That means quickly adopting clean energy, which will increase the amount of land needed for wind, solar and other renewable energy development. But many of the new wind and solar plants can be built on land that has already been developed or degraded, such as rooftops and abandoned farm fields. This will help reduce the pressure to develop new energy sources in natural areas.

We also plotted out some changes in how food is produced. We assumed each country would still grow the same basic suite of crops, but to conserve water, fertilizer and land, we assumed that those crops would be planted in the growing regions where they are most suited. For example, in the United States we wouldn’t grow as much cotton in Arizona’s deserts or plant thirsty alfalfa in the driest parts of California’s San Joaquin Valley. We also assumed that successful fishery policies in use in some places today could be implemented all over the world.

Under this sustainability scenario, we required that countries meet the target of protecting 17% of each ecoregion, as set by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Only about half that much is likely to be protected under the business-as-usual scenario, so this is a direct win for nature.

What 2050 Could Look Like

The difference in this path to 2050 was striking. The number of additional people who will be exposed to dangerous levels of air pollution declines to just 7% of the planet’s population, or 656 million, compared with half the global population, or 4.85 billion people, in our business-as-usual scenario. Air pollution is already one of the top killers globally, so reducing this health risk is a big deal. Limiting climate change also reduces water scarcity and the frequency of destructive storms and wildfires, while staving off the projected widespread loss of plant and animal species (including my son’s favorite animal, the pika, that’s already losing its mountain habitat because of climate change).

In the sustainability scenario we still produce enough food for humanity, but we need less land and water to do it. So the total amount of land under agricultural production actually decreases by seven times the area of Colorado, and the number of cropland acres located in water-stressed basins declines by 30% compared with business as usual. Finally, we see a 26% increase in fish landings compared to 2010, once all fisheries are properly managed.

Although the land needed for wind and solar installations does grow substantially, we still keep over half of nearly all the world’s habitat types intact, and despite growth in cities, food production and energy needs, we end up with much more of the Earth’s surface left for nature than we would under the business-as-usual scenario.

Our modeling research let us answer our question. Yes, a world where people and nature thrive is entirely possible. But it’s not inevitable. Reaching this sustainable future will take hard work—and we need to get started immediately.

3 Sustainable Changes To Make Now

That’s where organizations like TNC come in. The Conservancy is working on strategies with governments and businesses to adopt sustainable measures, providing near- and long-term benefits to society as a whole. Our research shows there’s at least one path to a more sustainable world in 2050, and that major advances can be made if all parts of society focus their efforts on three changes.

First, we need to ramp up clean energy and site it on lands that have already been developed or degraded. In the Mojave Desert, for instance, TNC has identified some 1.4 million acres of former ranchlands, mines and other degraded areas that would be ideal for solar development. We need to do much more to remove the policy and economic barriers that still make a transition to clean energy hard. Technology is no longer the major limiting factor. We are.

The most critical action each of us can take is to support global leaders who have a plan for stopping climate change in our lifetimes.

Second, we need to grow more food using less land and water. One way to do that is by raising crops in places that are best suited for them. The Conservancy has been piloting this, too. In Arizona, TNC partnered with local farmers in the Verde River Valley to help them switch from growing thirsty crops like alfalfa and corn in the heat of the summer to growing malt barley, which can be harvested earlier in the season with less draw on precious water supplies. This is not a revolutionary change—the same farmers are still growing crops on the same land—but it can have a revolutionary impact.

Finally, we need to end overfishing. The policy tools to do so have been available for many years. What we must do now is get creative about how we get those policies adopted and enforced. One example I have been impressed by is our work in Mexico, where TNC is involved in looking at the root causes of what’s limiting good fishing behavior. The answer is unexpected: social security debt that many fishers have accrued by being off the books for many years. The Conservancy is exploring an ambitious partnership and a novel financial mechanism that could forgive this debt and persuade more fishers to report their catch and adopt sustainability measures.

The Most Important Change Now: Clean Energy

These are just a few examples from North America. There are many more from around the world. To achieve a more sustainable future, governments, industry and civic institutions everywhere will have to make substantial changes—and the most important one right now is to make a big investment in clean energy over the next 10 years. That’s a short timeline, but not an impossible one. I don’t like what I’m seeing yet, but I’m hopeful. It took the United States just a decade to reach the moon, once the country put its mind to the goal. And solar energy is already cheaper (nearly half the price per megawatt) than coal, and outpacing it for new capacity creation—something no one predicted would happen this fast.

We need to do much more to remove the policy and economic barriers that still make a transition to clean energy hard. Technology is no longer the major limiting factor. We are.

How will we get there? By far the most critical action each of us can take is to support global leaders who have a plan for stopping climate change in our lifetimes. Climate may not feel like the most pressing issue at times—what with the economy, health care, education and other issues taking up headlines. But the science is clear: We’ve got 10 years to get our emissions under control. That’s it.

We’ve already begun to see the impacts of climate change as more communities face a big uptick in the severity and frequency of droughts, floods, wildfires, hurricanes and other disasters. Much worse is on the way if we don’t make the needed changes. It’s been easy for most of us to sit back and expect that climate change will only affect someone else, far away. But that’s what the people in Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Washington, the Dominican Republic, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Mexico, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, India and Mozambique thought. Every one of these places—and many more—have seen one of the worst disasters on its historic record in the past 10 years.

There are so many paths we could take to 2050. Clearly, some are better than others. We get to choose. Which one do you want to take?

Stand up for a More Sustainable Future

Join The Nature Conservancy as we call on leaders to support science-backed solutions.

Getting to Sustainability

Carbon Capture

The most powerful carbon capture technology is cheap, readily available and growing all around us: Trees and plants.

Energy Sprawl Solutions

We can ramp up clean energy worldwide and site it wisely to limit the effect on wildlife.

Fishing for Better Data

Electronic monitoring can make fisheries more sustainable.

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The future is vast – what does this mean for our own life?

If we manage to avoid a large catastrophe, we are living at the early beginnings of human history..

The point of this text is not to predict how many people will ever live. What I learned from writing this post is that our future is potentially very, very big.

If we keep each other safe – and protect ourselves from the risks that nature and we ourselves pose – we are only at the beginning of human history.

Our actions today impact those who will live in that vast future that is ahead of us.

• Our impact can be negative – for example when we degrade the environment that future generations will inherit from us, or when we develop technologies that create risks for them.
• But our impact can also be positive – by developing science that allows these future generations to live healthier lives, or by building a culture that enriches their lives in the way that our history enriches our lives.

The fact that our actions have an impact on the large number of people who will live after us should matter for how we think about our own lives. Those who ask themselves what they can do to act responsibly towards those who will live in the future call themselves 'longtermists'. Longtermism is the ethical view that we should act in ways that reduce the risks that endanger our future, and in ways that make the long-term future go well. 1

Before we look ahead, let’s look back. How many came before us? How many humans have ever lived?

It is not possible to answer this question precisely, but demographers Toshiko Kaneda and Carl Haub have tackled the question using the ​​historical knowledge that we do have.

There isn’t a particular moment in which humanity came into existence, as the transition from species to species is gradual. But if one wants to count all humans one has to make a decision about when the first humans lived. The two demographers used 200,000 years before today as this cutoff. 2

The demographers estimate that in these 200,000 years about 109 billion people have lived and died. 3

It is these 109 billion people we have to thank for the civilization that we live in. The languages we speak, the food we cook, the music we enjoy, the tools we use – what we know we learned from them. The houses we live in, the infrastructure we rely on, the grand achievements of architecture – much of what we see around us was built by them.

Our present

In 2022 7.95 billion of us are alive. Taken together with those who have died, about 117 billion humans have been born since the dawn of modern humankind.

This means that those of us who are alive now represent about 6.8% of all people who ever lived.

These numbers are hard to grasp. I tried to bring it into a visualization to put them into perspective. 4

It’s a giant hourglass. But instead of measuring the passage of time, it measures the passage of people.

Each grain of sand here represents 10 million people: each year 140 million babies are born. So we add 14 grains of sand to the hourglass. Every year, 60 million people die; this means 6 grains pass through the hourglass and are added to the large number of people who have died. 5

Our potential future

How many people will be born in the future?

We don’t know.

But we know one thing: The future is immense, and the universe will exist for trillions of years.

We can use this fact to get a sense of how many descendants we might have in that vast future ahead.

The number of future people depends on the size of the population at any point in time and how long each of them will live. But the most important factor will be how long humanity will exist.

Before we look at a range of very different potential futures, let’s start with a simple baseline.

We are mammals. One way to think about how long we might survive is to ask how long other mammals survive. It turns out that the lifespan of a typical mammalian species is about 1 million years. 6 Let’s think about a future in which humanity exists for 1 million years: 200,000 years are already behind us, so there would be 800,000 years still ahead.

Let’s consider a scenario in which the population stabilizes at 11 billion people (based on the UN projections for the end of this century) and in which the average life length rises to 88 years. 7

In such a future, there would be 100 trillion people alive over the next 800,000 years.

The chart visualizes this. Each triangle represents 7.95 billion people – it is the green triangle shape from the hourglass above and corresponds to the number of us alive today.

Each row represents the birth of half a trillion children. For 100 trillion births there are 200 rows.

If you disagree with the numbers I use in my scenario it is easy for you to see how different numbers would lead to different futures. Here are two examples:

• If you think the world population will stabilize at a level that’s 50% higher than in my calculation, then the number of future births will be 50% higher. The chart would be 50% wider. It would show the births of 150 trillion children.
• If you think the world population will have a size of just one billion people, then the chart would be only an eleventh as wide and would show 9.1 trillion births. 8

The chart shows how many children might be born in the next 800,000 years, a future in which humans survive for as long as a typical mammalian species.

But, of course, humanity is anything but “a typical mammalian species.”

One thing that sets us apart is that we now – and this is a recent development – have the power to destroy ourselves. Since the development of nuclear weapons, it is in our power to kill all of us who are alive and cause the end of human history .

But we are also different from all other animals in that we have the possibility to protect ourselves, even against the most extreme risks. The poor dinosaurs had no defense against the asteroid that wiped them out. We do. We already have ​​effective and well-funded asteroid-monitoring systems and, in case it becomes necessary, we might be able to deploy technology that protects us from an incoming asteroid. The development of powerful technology gives us the chance to survive for much longer than a typical mammalian species.

Our planet might remain habitable for roughly a billion years. 9 If we survive as long as the Earth stays habitable, and based on the scenario above, this would be a future in which 125 quadrillion children will be born. A quadrillion is a 1 followed by 15 zeros: 1,000,000,000,000,000.

A billion years is a thousand times longer than the million years depicted in this chart. Even very slow-moving changes will entirely transform our planet over such a long stretch of time: a billion years is a timespan in which the world will go through several supercontinent cycles – the world’s continents will collide and drift apart repeatedly; new mountain ranges will form and then erode, the oceans we are familiar with will disappear and new ones open up.

But if we protect ourselves well and find homes beyond Earth, the future could be much larger still.

The sun will exist for another 5 billion years. 10 If we stay alive for all this time, and based on the scenario above, this would be a future in which 625 quadrillion children will be born.

How can we imagine a number as large as 625 quadrillions? We can get back to our sand metaphor from the first chart.

We can imagine today’s world population as a patch of sand on a beach. It’s a tiny patch of sand that barely qualifies as a beach, just large enough for a single person to sit down. One square meter.

If the current world population was represented by a tiny beach of one square meter, then 625 quadrillion people would make up a beach that is 17 meters wide and 4600 kilometers long. A beach that stretches all across the USA, from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. 11

And humans could survive for even longer.

What this future might look like is hard to imagine. Just as it was hard to imagine, even quite recently, what today might look like. “This present moment used to be the unimaginable future,” as Stewart Brand put it.

Our responsibility is vast

A catastrophe that ends human history would destroy the vast future that humanity would otherwise have.

And it would be horrific for those who will be alive at that time.

The people who live then will be just as real as you or me. They will exist, they just don’t exist yet. They will feel the sun on their skin and they will enjoy a swim in the sea. They will have the same hopes, they will feel the same pain.

‘Longtermism’ is the idea that people who live in the future matter morally just as much as those of us who are alive today. 12 When we ask ourselves what we should do to make the world a better place, a longtermist does not only consider what we can do to help those around us right now, but also what we can do for those who come after us. The main point of this text – that humanity’s potential future is vast – matters greatly to longtermists. The key moral question of longtermism is ‘what can we do to improve the world’s long-term prospects?’.

In some ways, many of us are already longtermists. The responsibility we have for future generations is why so many work to reduce the risks from climate change and environmental destruction.

But in other ways, we pay only little attention to future risks. In the same way that we work to reduce the risks from climate change, we should pay attention to a wider range of potentially even larger risks and reduce them.

I am definitely frightened of these catastrophic and existential risks. 13 In addition to nuclear weapons, there are two other major risks that worry me greatly: Pandemics, especially from engineered pathogens, and artificial intelligence technology. These technologies could lead to large catastrophes, either by someone using them as weapons or even unintentionally as a consequence of accidents. 14

Large risks are not only a problem in the future — they are a reality now

We don’t have to think about people who live billions of years in the future to see our responsibilities. The majority of today’s children can expect to see the next century. Some of our grandchildren might live long enough to see the 23rd century. A catastrophe in the next decades would be horrific for people very close to us.

The focus of this text is the long-term future, but this shouldn’t give the impression that the risks we are facing are confined to the future. Several large risks that could lead to unprecedented disasters are already with us now. The use of the nuclear weapons that exist at this moment would kill millions immediately and billions in the ‘nuclear winter’ that follows (see my post on nuclear weapons). Not enough people have registered how the situation we are in has changed. AI capabilities and biotechnology have developed rapidly and are no longer science fiction; they are posing risks to those of us who are alive today. 15

Similarly, this text focuses mostly on the loss of human lives, but there would be other losses too: nuclear war would devastate nature and the world’s wildlife; existential catastrophes would destroy our culture, our civilization.

The point is that even if we only consider the impact of these risks on the present generation and only consider the potential loss of lives, they’re among the most pressing issues of our time. This is much more the case if we consider their impact beyond mortality and their impact on future generations.

The reduction of existential risks is one of the most important tasks of our time, yet it is extremely neglected

The current pandemic has made it clear how badly the world has neglected pandemic preparedness. This illustrates a more general point. By reducing the risk of the catastrophes which would endanger our entire future – for example, the very worst possible pandemics – we would also reduce the risk of smaller, yet still terrible, disasters, such as COVID-19.

As a society, we spend only little attention, money, and effort on the risks that imperil our future. Only very few are even thinking about these risks, when in fact these are problems that should be central to our culture. The unprecedented power of today’s technology requires unprecedented responsibility.

Technological development made the high living standards of our time possible . I believe that a considerable share of the fruits of this growth should be spent on reducing the risks and negative consequences of particular technologies.

More researchers should be able to study these risks and how we can reduce them. I would love to see more artists who convey the importance of the vast future in their work. And crucially I think it needs competent political work. I imagine that one day countries will have ministries for the reduction of catastrophic and existential risks and some of the world’s most important institutions will be dedicated to the far-sighted work that protects humanity.

It will be too late to react once the worst has happened. This means we have to be proactive; we have to see the threats now.

The current situation in which these risks are hardly receiving any attention is frightening and depressing. But it is also a large opportunity. Because these risks are so very neglected, a career dedicated to the reduction of these risks is likely among the best opportunities that you have if you want to make the world a better place.

Our opportunities are vast too

So far I’ve only spoken about the risks that we face. But our large future means that there are large opportunities too.

Problems are solvable. This is for me the most important insight that I learned from writing Our World in Data over the last decade.

Compared to the vast future ahead, the two centuries shown in this chart here are only a brief episode of human history. But even in such a short period, we have made substantial progress against many large problems.

Given enough time we can end the horrors of today. Poverty is not inevitable; we can achieve a future where people are not suffering from scarcity. Diseases that are incurable today might be curable in just a few generations; we already have an amazing track record in improving people’s health . And we can achieve a world in which we stop damaging the environment and achieve a future in which the world’s wildlife flourishes .

Our children and grandchildren can continue the progress we are making, and they may create art and build a society more beautiful than we can even imagine.

The point of this text was to see that the future is big. If we keep each other safe the huge majority of humans who will ever live will live in the future.

And this requires us to be more careful and considerate than we currently are. Just as we look back on the heroes who achieved what we enjoy today, those who come after us will remember what we did for them. We will be the ancestors of a very large number of people. Let’s make sure we are good ancestors.

For this, we need to take the risks we are facing more seriously. The risks we are already facing are high. Giving this reality the attention it deserves is the first step, and only very few have taken it. The next step will be to identify what we can do to reduce these risks and then set about doing that.

Let’s also see the opportunity that we have. Those who came before us left us a much better world; we can do the same for the many who come after us.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Charlie Giattino, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Anders Sandberg, Edouard Mathieu, Hannah Ritchie, and Will MacAskill for their very helpful comments on this essay.

The text and title were last updated on August 10, 2022.

Recommendations on what to read on our long-run future and the risk of existential catastrophes

There are some excellent books and resources:

• On longtermism and the vast future ahead of us I recommend ‘What We Owe The Future’, the new book by philosopher Will MacAskill.
• For a broad overview of existential risks and how we can reduce them, I recommend Toby Ord’s extraordinary book ‘ The Precipice ’. It is one of the most important books I have read.
• On the risks and opportunities of artificial intelligence, I recommend Brian Christian’s book ‘ The Alignment Problem – Machine Learning and Human Values ’.
• The research team of the non-profit “80,000 Hours” focuses on the question of what you can do with your career to make the world a better place, the reduction of large risks is one of their key recommendations. A starting point on existential risk reduction is this overview written by Benjamin Todd.
• Other overviews of longtermism include its Wikipedia page , this BBC article , and this explainer by Fin Moorhouse . Some objections to longtermist ideas are discussed in this essay .

The future will not just happen to us, it is we who create the world we will live in. Isaac Asimov saw it like this: 16

“There are no catastrophes that loom before us which cannot be avoided; there is nothing that threatens us with imminent destruction in such a fashion that we are helpless to do something about it. If we behave rationally and humanely; if we concentrate coolly on the problems that face all of humanity, rather than emotionally on such nineteenth-century matters as national security and local pride; if we recognize that it is not one’s neighbors who are the enemy, but misery, ignorance, and the cold indifference of natural law—then we can solve all the problems that face us. We can deliberately choose to have no catastrophes at all.” – Isaac Asimov

Continue reading on Our World in Data:

Nuclear weapons: Why reducing the risk of nuclear war should be a key concern of our generation

Appendix to ‘ the future is vast’, how many people have ever lived.

My main data source is the long-run estimate by demographers Toshiko Kaneda and Carl Haub (reference below).

From 200,000 BCE until 2020 they calculate that 116,761,402,413 people were born. 7,772,850,162 of these people were alive in 2020.

Of course the error margins around both of these numbers – especially the historical one – are large, which Kaneda and Haub clearly acknowledge. I’m not using their point estimates – neither in the text nor in the chart – because I think that these estimates, down to the individual person, would suggest a wrong sense of precision.

Older estimates of how many people have ever lived were published by Goldberg (1983) and Deevey (1960). They arrived at lower estimates – of 55 billion and 81 billion respectively. Previously it was thought that modern humans emerged only much later and earlier estimates assumed better health conditions, i.e. lower mortality, of people in the distant past.

I believe the more recent work by Kaneda and Haub is the best estimate that is available. But the large uncertainties and the wide range of different estimates that were published in recent decades should be emphasised.

• Toshiko Kaneda and Carl Haub (2021) – How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? . Published by the Population Reference Bureau.
• Goldberg (1983) – How many people have ever lived? In Probability in Social Science .
• Deevey (1960) – The Human Population. In Scientific American .

My update of Kaneda and Haub:

Kaneda and Haub published estimates up to mid-2020.

I updated the figures from Kaneda and Haub for mid-2022 by adding the births in the following 2 years. According to the UN there were 139,975,303 births in 2020 and 139,821,086 births in 2021 (these were estimates published before the pandemic and are not precise observations, but the imprecision of these estimates is small relative to the large uncertainties in the other relevant figures).

This means the total number of people ever born up to 2022 is 116,761,402,413 + 139,975,303+139,821,086 = 117,041,198,802 births

According to the UN 7,953,952,577 people are alive in 2022.

People who died between 200,000 BCE and 2022: 116,921,736,195 - 7,953,952,577 = 108,967,783,618 deaths

Share of people alive today among all people ever born: (7,953,952,577 / 117,041,198,802) * 100 = 6.8%

Calculations for drawing the hourglass visualization: Humanity’s past and present in grains of sand

Each grain of sand represents 10 million people.

Grains to represent today’s population : 7,953,952,577 / 10,000,000 = 795 grains

Grains to represent the dead: 108,967,783,618/ 10,000,000 = 10,897 grains (to not suggest a false sense of certainty around this number I rounded it to 10,900 grains in the visualization).

How large would humanity’s future be if we survived as long as a typical mammal?

The scenario shown in the chart on humanity’s potential future:.

Estimates for the average lifespan of mammalian species: Estimates for the average lifespan of mammalian species range from 0.6 Million years (Barnovsky et al, 2011) to 1.7 million years (Foote and Rap 1996).

As a rough midpoint between these two estimates I follow Toby Ord and use 1 million years.

Remaining length of humanity’s existence: As about 200,000 years of history are already behind us we would have close to 800,000 years left.

Size of humanity’s population: According to the UN projections , the global population will continue to increase for the rest of this century, but by the end of the century population growth will be close to zero. The UN demographers expect the world population then to be 10.9 billion people. I’m assuming that population growth continues a bit further into the 22nd century and will then stabilize at 11 billion people.

As emphasized throughout the text I am thinking of this as an illustrative scenario that makes it possible to understand the dimensions we are concerned with. It is not a prediction and as with all scenarios about the far distant future, the reality could turn out to be very different; population growth might continue further or the world population could decline.

Life expectancy in the future: The UN demographers project that many countries will have life expectancies higher than 90 years by the end of the century. The world average life expectancy is projected to be 82 years then. If we assume that the rest of the world population can catch up to the healthiest countries in the period after 2100, then an average life expectancy of more than 90 or 100 years is possible (especially for the more distant future, extremely long life expectancies are imaginable).

I assume a life expectancy of 88 years in my projection. This is higher than the projected global average, but lower than the life expectancies projected for the best-off countries. It is certainly a rather conservative estimate if we consider that we could achieve a future in which health continues to improve.

So these are my assumptions for this scenario:

• 800,000 years remaining for our species
• 11,000,000,000 people living at any one time
• 88 years of life expected for the average person

Taking this together, how many children will ever be born after the year 2022?

(800,000 years / 88 years per person) * 11,000,000,000 people =

100,000,000,000,000 people =

100 trillion people will be born in the next 800,000 years

When will the 1000th generation be born?

In the second chart I added this information as an annotation. One has to make several assumptions to estimate this point in time. Here are my assumptions:

In a world in which the population is stable, every 2 people have on average 2 children who live long enough to have children themselves. This would mean that within each 88 year period there will be as many births as there are people.

For simplicity we can assume that one generation is 22 years long (i.e., on average future people have children when they are 22 years old). This is a nice assumption because it means that each generation is a quarter as long as the life length of people in this scenario.

In this world each generation would be a cohort of 11 billion / 4 = 2.75 billion people.

This means that the 1000th generation from today would be born in 22,000 years from today. (This isn’t exactly correct because there will be population growth in the next century, i.e. it would take a little longer than 22,000 years.)

In these 1000 generations there will be 2.75 billion * 1000 = 2,750 billion births.

That means the number of births in the next 1000 generations would be 346-times larger than today’s world population (2,750 billion / 7.95 billion = 345.9).

How long will it take until as many babies are born as there are people today?

In the second chart I added this information as an annotation.

According to the UN projections there will be 8,036,352,977 children born between 2022 and 2079. This means that there will be as many children born in the next 57 years as there are people alive today.

Calculations for the ‘triangles-chart’:

Humanity’s past, present and future in multiples of each other.

The future in multiples of all people ever: 100,000,000,000,000 / 117,000,000,000 = 855-times

The future in multiples of the present: 100,000,000,000,000 / 7,953,952,577 = 12,572-times

The past in multiples of the present:

(117,041,198,802 - 7,953,952,577) / 7,953,952,577 = 13.7 = rounded to 14

One trillion in multiples of the present: 1,000,000,000,000 / 7,953,952,577 = 125.724 = rounded to 126 (This is what I use as the number of triangles per row.)

The number of future births over the next 5 billion years in multiples of today’s population:

625 quadrillion people would be born in this scenario in the next 5 billion years: 625,000,000,000,000,000 people

People alive in 2022: 7,953,952,577 people

625,000,000,000,000,000 / 7,953,952,577 = 78,577,285

How large could humanity’s future be if we survived for even longer than a typical mammal?

1.5 million years remaining: if homo sapiens survives as long as homo erectus.

How long has Homo Erectus existed?

Homo erectus is an extinct species of archaic humans. It is  among the first recognizable members of the genus Homo. It was also the first human ancestor to spread throughout Eurasia,

Homo erectus survived for at least 1.7 million years. The oldest fossils regarded as Homo Erectus are the Dmanisi specimens from present-day Georgia, dated to 1.8 million years ago (Lordkipanidze et al, 2006). The most recent fossils are from present-day Indonesia, and have been dated to 0.1 million years ago (Yokohama et al., 2008).

How large was humanity’s future if we survived as long as Homo erectus?

If we – Homo sapiens – survive as long as Homo erectus we would have 1.5 million years left. Our future would be almost twice as large as shown in the chart in the main text.

Almost 190 trillion children would be born into this world.

This is the calculation:

• 1,500,000 years
• 11,000,000,000 people
• And the average person lives for 88 years

(1,500,000 years / 88 years per person) * 11,000,000,000 people =

187,500,000,000,000 people =

187.5 trillion people would be born in the next 1.5 million years

[Alternatively you could see this by considering that 1,500,000 years is 1.875-times longer than 800,000 years.]

1 billion years: If Homo sapiens survives as long as the earth is habitable

How long will Earth remain habitable? How long will our sun exist?

Astrophysicist Jillian Scudder, Anders Sandberg, and Toby Ord suggest that our planet will remain habitable for roughly a billion years.

• Toby Ord’s ‘The Precipice’, especially footnote 40 in the first chapter.
• Jillian Scudder (2015) – The sun won’t die for 5 billion years, so why do humans have only 1 billion years left on Earth?
• Anders Sandberg’s text for the BBC: The greatest long-term threats facing humanity . He also explains what will happen when and why.

Based on the scenario above this would be a future in which 125 quadrillion children will be born.

• 1,000,000,000 years

(1,000,000,000 years / 88 years per person) * 11,000,000,000 people =(1,000,000,000 / 88) * 11,000,000,000 = 125,000,000,000,000,000 people = 125 quadrillion people would be born in this scenario in the next billion years.

A quadrillion is a one followed by 15 zeros (1,000,000,000,000,000).

125 quadrillion is 125 thousand trillion people (According to the short scale ).

5 billion years – as long as the sun exists

If humanity survived for as long as the sun exists, 5 billion years.

• 5,000,000,000 years

(5,000,000,000 years / 88 years per person) * 11,000,000,000 people =625,000,000,000,000,000 people =

625 quadrillion people would be born in this scenario in the next 5 billion years.

625 quadrillion is 625 thousand trillion people.

How to imagine 625 quadrillion births?

625 quadrillion relative to 100 trillion

Over the next 5 billion years: 625 quadrillion = 625,000,000,000,000,000

Over the next 800,000 years: 100 trillion = 100,000,000,000,000

625,000,000,000,000,000 / 100,000,000,000,000 = 6,250

Two ways to illustrate this:

• The chart would not fit on one page, but would need 6,250 pages.
• If the chart for the 100 trillion people is 30 cm high, then a chart that shows the future that is 6250-times as long would be 62.5 metres high.

625 quadrillion relative to today’s population

The ratio between today’s world population and the future world population:

The ratio between future people and all people alive today would be 78.6 million to one.

78,577,285 meter are 78,577 kilometer

Making the beach 17 meter wide means it would be 4,622km long (78,577/17). These are 2872 miles.

On longtermism see William MacAskill (2022) – ‘ What We Owe The Future ’ and literature referenced in the later sections and at the end of this text.

One could also choose a much earlier point in time. Recent research from the Jebel Irhoud site in modern-day Morocco suggests that it could be as early as 315,000 BCE. See: Ewan Callaway (2017) – ‘Oldest Homo sapiens fossil claim rewrites our species' history ’. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2017.22114.

But I should also note that for the estimates of the total number of total people it does not matter very substantially. This is because the population size of our species was very low in those early days, and at several times our species was close to extinction.

The majority of them lived very short lives: about one in two children died in the past. When conditions are so very poor and children die so quickly then the birth rate has to be extremely high to keep humanity alive; Kaneda and Haub assume a birth rate of 80 births per 1000 people per year for most of humanity’s history (up to the year 1 CE). That is a rate of births that is about 8-times higher than in a typical high-income country and more than twice as high as in the poorest countries today (see the map ). The past was a very different place.

As noted in this visualization, this is an updated adaptation of a 2013 visualization by Oliver Uberti. You find it on his website . I also recommend having a look at his books, which he co-authored with James Cheshire ; they are beautiful data visualization books.

The cited numbers are from the UN’s demographic projection published in the year 2019 for the year 2022 (see here ). With the ongoing COVID pandemic the number of deaths is likely going to be higher than expected. You can track ‘excess deaths’ during the pandemic here . In 2021 excess deaths were possibly in the range of 10 million, if the same should be true in 2022 the chart should show 7 instead of 6 grains passing through the hourglass.

All references and calculations are in the Appendix below.

To not clutter this post with footnotes, I have put all my sources and all calculations in a long appendix below this post.

1 billion is one-eleventh of 11 billion. And 9.1 trillion is one-eleventh of 100 trillion.

All references and all calculations are in the Appendix below.

All sources and calculations are in the Appendix.

Here is the calculation:

The ratio between 625 quadrillions and the current world population is 78.6 million to one.

[625,000,000,000,000,000 / 7,953,952,577 = 78,577,285]

Making the beach 17 meters wide means it is 4,622km long (78,577/17).

These are 2872 miles.

For an introduction to longtermism read Benjamin Todd (2017) – Why our impact in millions of years could be what most matters .

Existential risks are those that can cause human extinction or can permanently curtail humanity's potential so that survivors would not have sufficient means to recover.

Catastrophic risks are similar in that they are large global risks that could kill billions of people, but they retain the possibility of recovery.

See for example Future of Life Institute Existential Risks .

AI technology could have the power to transform our world in undesirable ways, either unintentionally or intentionally as a weapon. On the risks – and opportunities of artificial intelligence – I recommend Brian Christian’s book ‘ The Alignment Problem – Machine Learning and Human Values ’.

On pandemics – and Global Catastrophic Biological Risks more broadly – I recommend the relatively brief online text ‘ Reducing global catastrophic biological risks ’ written by Gregory Lewis for 80,000 Hours. In the same publication, you also find a discussion of the risks from extreme climate change: Climate change authored by Benjamin Hilton.

I consider the four risks that I mentioned – nuclear weapons, climate change, and especially pandemics and AI – to be the most dangerous known risks, but unfortunately these are not the only risks. There are several other risks that could potentially lead to large catastrophes. For a broader discussion of existential risks I recommend The Precipice by Toby Ord.

See the references in the footnote before the previous one.

“Isaac Asimov (1979) – A Choice of Catastrophes: The Disasters that Threaten Our World.

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Home — Essay Samples — Environment — World Problems — How I See The World In 100 Years

How I See The World in 100 Years

• Categories: World Problems

About this sample

Words: 808 |

Published: Dec 16, 2021

Words: 808 | Pages: 2 | 5 min read

Works Cited

• Bostrom, N. (2014). Superintelligence: Paths, dangers, strategies. Oxford University Press.
• Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerization? Technological Forecasting and Social Change , 114, 254-280.
• Harari, Y. N. (2015). Homo Deus: A brief history of tomorrow. Harper.
• Kurzweil, R. (2006). The singularity is near: When humans transcend biology. Penguin Books.
• Michio, K. (2011). Physics of the future: How science will shape human destiny and our daily lives by the year 2100. Doubleday.
• National Intelligence Council. (2017). Global trends: Paradox of progress. Office of the Director of National Intelligence.
• Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution. Crown Business.
• Tegmark, M. (2017). Life 3.0: Being human in the age of artificial intelligence. Knopf.
• World Economic Forum. (2020). The Global Risks Report 2020. World Economic Forum.
• Yuval-Davis, N., & Kannabiran, K. (Eds.). (2018). The futures we want: Global sociology and the struggles for a better world. Agenda Publishing.

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Humanity and the World: Future Challenges Essay

In viewing the world, the pace of changes that take place in the current world makes us expound our thoughts about the world we expect in thirty seven years to come. The rate of changes tends to be accelerating exponentially. Due to the drastic changes, there is a possibility of undergoing striking changes that human beings have never experienced. To our advantage, unlike in the nineteenth and twentieth century, the majority of the people will manage to withstand the pace of changes and even end up being addicted to the influence it will impose on society. Technology will highly aid in taking control of any change we may expect. The main causes of the changes we will experience in 2050 will be a result of the consensus that will take place among the people in the society. Through involvement of consensus in decision making, the world will be better than today.

Currently there is empowerment of every living individual, and the continuity in empowering living souls in the future will contribute immensely to the shaping of the future world. By 2050, the majority of the people will have the mandate and courage of airing out their views without any problem. This will be as a result of every individual learning and exploiting their individual rights maximally. In addition, by 2050, we will have positively changed from overdependence on men to feminine inclusion in decision making, an act that will make the year 2050 be observed as the century of the women. Most aggressive organizations will have preferred networking management to hierarchical management; this is due to the acquaintance of self-management trust. Via the empowerment of every living being, the world will have the ability of coexisting peacefully; this is because people will manage to respect each person’s ideas and contributions in the society. On the other hand, high women involvement in both decision making and leadership will contribute to sharing of chores, hence doing away with the overdependence on men in meeting the demands of the society.

In order to meet our potential, all individuals in the world will work industriously; every individual’s act will be directed towards shaping the world positively. We will utilize all the library materials available to meet our goals in life. This exchange in ideas will have achieved the potential of oscillating across the worldwide web sites. Through the use of the networking system, the majority of the people will have changed spiritually and become more spiritual. Instead of emphasizing on physical products, and obvious utilizations, we will major in pursuing knowledge in order to meet our self requirement wants. We will require succeeding in life-long acquaintance of knowledge that we can deliver at any place of demand. The current distance learning program will have disappeared and another new distance learning program acquired that will aid in satisfying human demands. The advancement in technology will boost the socio-economic status of the society. This is because; most of the people will be managing their organizations from their homes. Transactions and bids in the field of economy will be carried out in individuals’ homes.

To meet our revolution goal, we will ensure we have gained positive control of the universe by advancing our brain. This will only be possible through utilization of drugs, to enable us to enhance our brain performance in doing activities. In addition, we will depend entirely on drugs to satisfy our pleasures. The drugs we will use will have passed the recommended pharmaceutical tests in various industries. Thus, the evolutionary advancement will depend entirely on the increase of implants in our brains. The chip implants in our brains will enable us to have direct communications with computer networks. Through the use of the advanced brain, we will be able to do away with the traditional monopolies and revolutionize our mode of education. Our education will mainly major on the management of the flow data between the brain and the computer networks. Through the aid of an advanced brain, we will manage to share emotions with each without directly, hence advancing the virtual industry. However, with the sharing of information among ourselves via brain connections, majority of the people will be suffering from information shutdown just like that of cracking computers. Due to complications that will be encountered in individual brains, the immortality rates will hike. On the other hand, brain association with computers will lead to advancement in the mode of thinking of people in society. Most of the decisions in life will be made rapidly, hence enhancing rapid growth of the societies economically.

In conclusion, despite 2050 seeming far from now, we need to prepare ourselves for it. We need to think of the challenges that we may undergo as early as possible in order to come up with solutions. In addition, we need to accept the probability of rapid change in the computer world, and move towards inoculating computer use in our daily activities. However, we need also to acquaint ourselves with the knowledge that could help us solve the immortality issues. Immortality cases are real, due to advancement in technology; the current world is also experiencing problems on how to manage the death rates.

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IvyPanda. (2022, February 4). Humanity and the World: Future Challenges. https://ivypanda.com/essays/humanity-and-the-world-future-challenges/

"Humanity and the World: Future Challenges." IvyPanda , 4 Feb. 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/humanity-and-the-world-future-challenges/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'Humanity and the World: Future Challenges'. 4 February.

IvyPanda . 2022. "Humanity and the World: Future Challenges." February 4, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/humanity-and-the-world-future-challenges/.

1. IvyPanda . "Humanity and the World: Future Challenges." February 4, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/humanity-and-the-world-future-challenges/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Humanity and the World: Future Challenges." February 4, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/humanity-and-the-world-future-challenges/.

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Ai or not ai a student suspects one of their peer reviewer was a bot, how to summarize a research article, loose vs lose, how to cite a blog, apa paraphrasing, a world young people would want to live in essay sample, example.

According to recent studies by Dr. Alice Freidenhsrauer, the majority of young people connect the future world with the intense development of technologies (FaResearch.net) Usually, they describe their perfect version of the future as a world where Internet-based technologies are integrated in daily life so much that there is no perceived difference between virtual reality and the real world. For example, Dr. Freidenhsrauer gives an example of Tony Herbenson, a 19-year-old student from Silverton College of Arts, who described the future he would like to live in as a place where technologies have become as natural as speech or sight; Tony suggested that in the future, people will implant certain gadgets in their bodies—for example, communication devices, which allow the immediate access to the Internet, or to virtual (enhanced) reality, and so on. This reminds of the ideas of transhumanists, who believe that merging technologies with the human body would be a natural stage of evolution for humankind.

Another research study conducted by the IFR Institute showed that among people between 16 and 26 years old said that one of the crucial components of the perfect world they would like to live in is peace and welfare. By peace, the respondents meant the absence of wars—either global or local, and by welfare they implied mostly health. After the recent media panic around Ebola, many young people consider health safety to be crucial for well-being, rather than money or success. Young people hope scientists will soon manage to find cures for such major diseases as cancer, HIV, and Ebola. Also, young people expect humanity to solve the problem of hunger and overpopulation.

Recent studies in Silverton, co-conducted by the SAN Institute in 2013, show the perfect world for young people is impossible without having solved ecological problems. Global warming seems to be the problem that worries young middle-class Americans significantly; about 34% of respondents believe the current ecological situation affects their health and mental condition directly; 40% think bad ecology might have a connection to certain causes of sickness they had in the past, or have now. Only 10% of respondents do not believe ecology affects them in any way. So, “a clear sky above the head” is also a part of how young people see a perfect world.

The idea of a perfect world is not new; recently, it has become rather popular in cinema and literature. At the same time, young people have their own set of images and requirements towards the future. They include expectations for advanced communication technologies to become an integral part of everyday life; curing major diseases and solving such problems as hunger and overpopulation; and the end to global warming. Therefore, we may imply that the vision of modern young Americans reflects the existing social tendencies rather accurately.

Freidenhsrauer, Alice. “How Youngsters See the Future.” FaResearch.net. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2015.

“Is the Future Without Diseases Possible?” IFRInstitute.net. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2015.

“Ecology as the Major Factor of Happiness.” SAN Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2015.

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If I Could Change the World Essay: Examples & Writing Guide

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Use your imagination and describe your great ideas in your essay about changing the world for better. You could build up a fantastic paper—or maybe even change the world.

💁‍♂️ How Would You Change the World?

What ways do you think would be the most effective to make necessary changes? Whose help might you need? You have to speculate, “How can I change the world?” for the essay.

You’ll have to use your imagination here again:

• Delve deeper into the topic. List the ways, methods, or strategies you’d utilize to help the world we live in.
• Make a list of these people or organizations.
• Explain how they could contribute to achieving your aim.

For instance, you could consider involving global charities or celebrities to assist you on your path to a better world.

Would your changes influence society in the world? Or some particular groups of people would need them more than all the others?

Get an originally-written paper according to your instructions!

This is another exciting idea that you could develop in your essay. Give insight into whose lives your actions would change. For example, you could think of improving the lives of poor, hungry children in Africa or helping animals suffering from global warming.

Do you think that the problems you are talking about require immediate solutions? There are issues worldwide that can’t wait any longer and need to be changed urgently.

Why not discuss them?

Here’s an idea: Bring up a topic related to a pressing global health issue. For example, focus your main point on incurable diseases or infectious diseases that annually kill more than 17 million people .

In what part of the world would you change something?

It’s essential to touch on the location of your global changes. Are you audacious enough to implement your great ideas worldwide? Or would you be better off starting in a small area and eventually growing it into something on a larger scale?

Consider these ideas as well, and don’t forget to mention the location in your paper.

You can also read our article on world peace to learn more about current problems and issues that require changes.

✒️ If I Could Change the World Essay: Writing Guide

What are the criteria that guide your professor when evaluating your “If I Could Change the World” essay? Are there any one-size-fits-all characteristics you can safely incorporate to end up with a breathtaking paper?

There are! And knowing them will help you write more convincing essays that earn better grades.

Representing your original thinking as an author doesn’t mean that you have to invent something new or discover some unknown theory. Not to discourage you, but chances of doing that are pretty small.

Try writing a “changing the world” essay different from other students’ papers because of its original approach . You could look at things from an unusual angle or come up with a new hypothesis. Even the purpose of your writing can differ if you add creativity.

Your “If I Could Change the World” essay topic is a platform for unlimited imagination and original thinking. Go ahead and make the most of it!

A perfect essay about the world’s problems—just like any other essay—shows in-depth knowledge. Demonstrate the comprehension of all the facts, concepts, and issues you’re talking about. You also need to clearly understand why these ideas matter, both to you and your reader.

To end up with a fantastic “changing the world” essay, you should do the following:

• Craft and polish a persuasive thesis, stating your position clearly.
• Find credible sources to add quotes and value to your writing.
• Use engaging, relevant facts for your arguments and central hypothesis.
• Consider and analyze different viewpoints.
• Summarize and synthesize data from various sources.
• Double-check information that you’re uncertain about.
• Write a reference list at the bottom of your essay.

Don’t forget to analyze and consider all points of view and include quotations from reputable sources.

The first and foremost thing to bear in mind when outlining your essay is that it should answer the following three questions:

Also, a high-quality essay contains all of the necessary parts of an academic paper:

• Introduction : Starts with a hook that grabs the reader’s attention. Directs the reader, identifies the focus, and provides the context of the issue. Most importantly, it includes a thesis statement. If you struggle with this part, try to make use of a thesis statement generator .
• Main body : Provides the argumentation for your thesis and supporting details. Includes quotes and other data that you’ve gathered. Every paragraph starts with a topic sentence and ends with a concluding one, tying the text together.
• Conclusion : Restates and develops the thesis and summarizes the arguments. Gives the last impression on the reader, leaving the final thoughts in the concluding sentences. May include a call for action.

Your “If I Could Change the World” essay should have a consistent discussion and a balanced argument. Relevant facts and data should support all the points. The conclusion weighs your evidence and provides your final opinion about the paper’s central idea.

Your discussion should be smooth and effortless so that your readers feel like they are in safe hands. The sentences should be flowing naturally and logically from one to the other. The reader should understand everything from the first read. Do not deviate from your topic, or else the focus of your essay will be lost.

You should strive for flawless grammar, spelling, and punctuation, without mistakes or typos. To ensure its flawlessness, proofread your paper or ask someone to do it for you.

If I Could Change the World: Essay Topics

• Can one person change the world?  
• What can we do to eliminate the global violence ?  
• How I would change animal rights and welfare laws .  
• Helping homeless people is a critical task for humanity.  
• Becoming a social service assistant is the best way to change the world.  
• Creativity can change the world and make it a better place to live in.  
• If I could change the world, I would destroy nuclear weapons .  
• Can courage change the world when the cost is so great?  
• We need to stop climate change to save the world.  
• What I can do to save the world from global warming .  
• The things I would do to eliminate gaming addiction from the world.  
• I would save the Earth from destruction by making changes in an energy crisis .  
• Why we should pay more attention to the overpopulation problem .  
• Fighting inflation and unemployment is a way to change the world.  
• What I can do today to help integration of children with special needs . 
• Elimination of smoking will change the population’s health for the better.  
• If we want to save the Earth, we should reduce air polution .  
• The best career choice to change the world.  
• If I could change the world, I would improve the humanity and nature relationship .  
• The most important thing I would change about this world is the disease prevention level .  
• Combat the growing trend of obesity to improve health in the community.  
• Should we ban consumable plastics to save oceans wildlife?  
• Using electric vehicles instead of gas cars will improve people’s life quality.  
• Removing domestic violence and abuse is the thing I would do to change the world.  
• What I would change to create an ideal society .  
• Becoming a teacher is my way of improving schooling for young learners .  
• How I would change the economic situation in modern Latin America .  
• My plans on banning experiments on animals .  
• Preparing effective tools to change the children’s world . 
• We need to change the system to remove health disparities .  
• What I would do to change the situation with alcohol abuse in the world.  
• Racism is the global issue that requires an immediate change.  
• The things that can be done to change the level of substance abuse among adolescents .  
• If I could change the world, I would remove gender inequality from it.  
• The solution to social problems within educational institutions is the change we should make in this world.  
• What changes can we make to overcome the world poverty ? 
• Why it’s important to resolve the global water crisis .  
• The solution of immigrant problems is a step towards a better society.  
• How eliminating corruption will make this world better. 
• What can I do to help resolve the problems of older adults ?   
• Lowering crime rates will change the world.  
• How I would change the situation with indigenous Australians .  
• Preventing and curing breast cancer is one of the greatest concerns in modern society.  
• What can we do to prevent disease outbreaks ?  
• Why the problem of school violence requires our immediate attention.   
• How I would change the food distribution to combat the issue of world hunger .  
• Why we should promote renewable energy sources.  
• Terrorism is the most urgent problem in modern society.  
• What would I do to change the situation with school bullying?   
• What should we change in the world to resolve the problems of LGBT people ? 

📝 If I Could Change the World: Essay Example

In this section, you’ll find an essay example on the topic. The downloadable PDF version is under the preview. Hope it will inspire you to write your own If I Could Change the World essay!

If I Could Change the World: Pros and Cons (Essay Example)

The idea of having a tremendous influence on the course of the world history is rather tempting since it implies huge power and the availability of any resource possible. Thus, the possibility of changing the world might be perceived solely as a positive concept at first. However, without the ability to encompass and understand the global implications of the changes that I would make, I would take the actions that would most likely result in the suffering of multiple people, which is why the described scenario is highly undesirable.

Now that you know a little more, it’s easy to come up with even more “If I Could Change the World” essay topics. Just think about them carefully or surf the web for some inspiration.

Thank you for reading till the end! Leave your comment in the section below. Share the article with friends who also have to write an “If I Could Change the World” essay.

Further reading:

• World Peace Essay in Simple English: How-to + Topic Ideas

It is a paper that deals with a controversial question “Can we change the world” (or similar). There are many ways to develop this topic: from telling about a person, invention, or idea of speaking about skills for changing the world.

To be concise within such a broad topic might be a challenge. One strategy might be to think about who or what in human history has changed something in society a lot. It might be an invention, a politician, a scientist, etc. Then, focus just on that subject.

There many ways to change something, both negatively and positively. If we do not care about ecology, we ruin the world’s biosphere. If we do our best to stay eco-friendly, we make it a better place. We can also change the world with the help of education, science, medicine, etc.

If you do not like the topic you are given, there are always ways to divert from it. Meanwhile, you will formally keep it the same. You can, for example, start by introducing a correlated idea. Then, write about that idea and its connection to the topic.

• One Person Can Change The World
• Essay about Three Things I Would Change in the World
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• If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be?
• To Change the World, Change Yourself
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Essay “if you could change the world”: what would you do and why?

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• world affairs

5 Shock Events to the World That Are Already in Sight

I n 2023, we have witnessed plenty of shock events: consider, for instance, Hamas’ attack on Israel and Israel’s subsequent siege on Gaza, Chinese " spy balloons, ” the assassination of Wagner chief Yevgeny Prigozhin, and even UFOs that may be extraterrestrial . Shock events are risks—or threats to stability—that, while they are in the realm of possibility, are very hard to predict. That said, attempting to determine what they are can serve as a useful tool to help decision makers, from policymakers and investors to businesses and nonprofits, prepare for unexpected challenges in the future.

Based on a four-year research project with graduate students in international relations at New York University where I teach and experts at consultancy Wikistrat where I’m a lead analyst, we leveraged open source information and our collective work expertise to crowdsource geopolitical, political, economic, and social shock events that may rock our post-pandemic world by 2025.

Here are five to consider:

A billionaire “hacks” the planet

2022’s COP27 reminded us that we will fail to meet our 1.5C target, and in truth, not much changed at COP28 in December 2023. Indeed, the Loss and Damage Fund—an emergency program announced in 2022 to help countries prepare for the impacts of climate change—was “historic.” But the commitments are not where we need them to be: only 700 million was pledged this year when an estimated 400 billion a year is needed.

Leaders at COP28 called for a just "transition away" from fossil fuels by 2050—yet governments continue to spend billions to support that industry. Countries also might need 300 billion a year in adaptation financing, according to the UN , which wasn’t given sufficient attention at COP28. All signs point to the fact that we should expect more fossil fuel usage, climate events, and community displacement in the years to come.

Read More: Was COP28 a Success or Flop? Depends Who You Ask

Without sufficient climate action, the potentiality of a private actor, particularly a billionaire, to take matters into their own hands by “hacking” the planet is rising. One such strategy is solar geoengineering . U.S.-based startup Make Sunsets , for instance, has already started this in a minor way, with reflective clouds released into the stratosphere that reflect the sun's rays and cool the planet. But it would be worth it, then, for us to keep an eye out for a sole private investor to back this type of initiative or even another cooling approach in a major way. George Soros, for one, has already endorsed a similar cause in the Arctic.

Solar geoengineering is controversial (the U.S . and EU are already considering regulation of the practice) and could even lead to conflict , if, for instance, one country attempts it and it has a spillover effect on its neighbor—or even the world. Yet, billionaire-backed climate tech like solar geoengineering seems plausible by 2025 and inevitable this decade.

Eco-terrorism makes an ugly comeback

Another high probability risk if governments fail to stop fossil fuels is more climate action—but not just in terms of protests. It might become more violent in nature. Of course, we can expect more youth-driven activist protests against governments and oil firms, as well as more pushback against ESG investing and more activist investors in boardrooms pressuring companies to go green. We will also see more lawsuits against local governments (similarly to what a group of young people did this August when they sued Montana for their climate impacts) and oil companies for climate damages (like California and the UN attempted to do in May ) .

The shock event here, however, would be if people so devastated by a massive climate event form a violent uprising against climate-inactive governments or oil companies . Yes, eco-terrorism has some historical precedent with groups like the Earth Liberation Front. But it’s plausible that a new form of militant activism emerges as citizen frustration grows. This could also create a dangerous cycle of violence as climate deniers and eco-terrorists clash, while legitimate activists may be scapegoated and targeted by governments.

The U.S. dollar is replaced in international trade

The dollar is a key marker (and weapon ) of American hegemonic power. While it’s unlikely to be replaced as the global reserve currency, its role in international trade is definitely under attack. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were recurrent discussions of a new currency proposed by intergovernmental organization BRICS, and calls by China to use its own currency in more trade. Yet it had limited traction.

This sentiment has come back with a vengeance in our post-pandemic world. At South Africa's 2023 BRICS Summit , discussions of a new currency resurfaced as this China-driven, anti-Western initiative found enthusiastic new members like Argentina, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Saudi Arabia . More oil trade has already moved away from the dollar, with China and India leveraging their own currencies. But now non-oil trade is also looking beyond the dollar: for instance, the UAE and Sri Lanka are exploring rupee transactions with India.

Regional currencies may still be perceived as a pipe dream, but the momentum for them is also building in Latin America , South East Asia , and Africa ; and there’s always a chance that cryptocurrencies make a comeback or central bank digital currencies finally cement their status in international finance. As a result, the shock would come when more trade is done in other currencies relative to the U.S. dollar; 2025 is likely too soon but this trend will evolve this decade, eroding U.S. financial power by 2030.

AI sparks more conflict

We’ve all heard the shocking predictions from tech leaders like Sam Altman and intellectuals like Yuval Noah Harari : AI, if not regulated, has the potential to destroy humanity. But while it’s certainly not possible by 2025, there is legitimate concern about AI tools triggering war.

It could be a deep fake video that accelerates tensions between two longtime rival countries, or cyberattacks that ensure a presidential run, or simply the use of AI weapons that many researchers and industry leaders have warned could lead to World War 3. This is why technologists like Inflection’s Mustafa Suleyman are calling for regulation now—before negative actors find a way to leverage it for their cause.

Read More: How We Can Have AI Progress Without Sacrificing Safety or Democracy

We also may see conflict within societies. The reality is that much of the population will lose our jobs to automation, generative AI, and whatever AI trend is next. It’s estimated that 85 million jobs will be lost to AI worldwide by 2025, according to a 2020 World Economic Forum report . It's fair to assume that governments will fail to prepare all of us to immediately fit into this new AI-driven economy—at least not by 2025. As a result, many may lose our occupational identity .

We must look for more unexpected outbursts of anti-tech activity. It could be anti-tech protests that are destabilizing for our societies, but it could also be direct attacks on tech firms or tech leaders themselves, who are so public about the change that is upon us but simply can’t save everyone from unemployment.

Trump returns to the U.S. presidency

In November 2023, most prediction markets still envisioned an incumbent President Joe Biden win, but they are currently favoring former President Donald Trump’s return—though so far it’s too close to tell, according to some polls . A lot can happen between now and November 2024 and polls can be wrong. But at this stage, it is impossible to ignore the fact that President Biden’s poll numbers are weakening, Trump has raised millions for his campaign, his indictments appear to have made him more popular among his voters and his party. In fact, a November 2023 New York Times /Siena College poll reveals he has the edge in five battleground states.

Short of him being convicted before the election, being disqualified from more ballots, or another Republican (or independent) candidate rising to the occasion, it is hard to see his momentum slowing down. The concern about Biden’s health (and polls reaffirming this) further support a Republican win. Trump’s return seems the most plausible of these shocks by 2025—and the most dangerous. It will mean a resurgence in domestic and global instability. For instance, in the U.S., hate crimes have the potential to surge as far right extremists become emboldened by Trump, who recently said he would expel pro-Hamas immigrants at a rally.

Globally, major risks like climate change would be put on the back burner such that climate disasters would become more frequent, creating more climate refugees and conflict. He would stop aid to Ukraine, which would dramatically change the outcome of the Ukrainian-Russian war; he would battle it out with China over Taiwan; he would reject Gazan refugees in support of Israel, and so on. Another Trump presidency would further destabilize our world order. It’s clear that our post-pandemic world is ultimately being shaped by wars, climate challenges, and new technologies—and yet it may increasingly be driven by such unexpected shock events, too. Why is this the case? One possible, overarching reason is that we have moved on from a post-Cold War era that is no longer exclusively shaped by enduring global leadership, democratic ideals, globalization, and liberal values. Instead, it is shaped by the lack of consensus about our world order more than anything else.

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Essay on Future Of Our Planet

Students are often asked to write an essay on Future Of Our Planet in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Future Of Our Planet

Our planet’s health.

The Earth is like a giant home for plants, animals, and humans. Just as we keep our houses clean, we must also take care of our planet. If we pollute less and use less plastic, our Earth will be healthier. Trees are Earth’s lungs; planting more can help it breathe better.

Animals and Their Homes

Many animals are losing their homes because forests are cut down. We need to protect these places so that tigers, elephants, and birds can live safely. When we save animal homes, we also protect the air and water for everyone.

Energy for Tomorrow

We use a lot of energy every day. In the future, we should use energy from the sun, wind, and water more because they don’t run out like oil and coal. These clean energies will help keep our skies blue and our waters clear.

Working Together

Every person on Earth can help make a better future. When we recycle, save water, and turn off lights we’re not using, we make a big difference. Countries can work together to make rules that protect our planet so it’s a great place for everyone.

250 Words Essay on Future Of Our Planet

Our planet’s tomorrow.

Thinking about the future of our Earth is like trying to picture the next chapter of a long story. The Earth has been around for billions of years, and it’s up to us to make sure it stays healthy and beautiful.

Protecting Nature

Trees, animals, and oceans make our planet special. To keep them safe, we need to treat nature better. This means not cutting down too many trees, making sure animals have homes, and keeping the water clean. If we look after nature, it will look after us.

Using Resources Wisely

We all use things from the Earth like water, coal, and oil. But we can’t use them too fast or they will run out. We must learn to use less and find new things to use instead, like the sun and wind to make electricity. This is called renewable energy, and it’s a big part of our planet’s future.

No one can save the planet alone. Every country and person on Earth needs to work as a team. We can all do small things to help, like recycling or riding bikes instead of cars. When we work together, big changes can happen.

Our Choices Matter

The choices we make every day shape our planet’s future. By being kind to Earth, we make sure it’s a good home for us and for all the creatures we share it with. It’s like taking care of a big garden that gives us everything we need. If we do our part, the future can be bright and full of life.

500 Words Essay on Future Of Our Planet

Thinking about what lies ahead for Earth can be exciting and a bit scary. Our planet has been home to many forms of life for millions of years, and it’s up to us to make sure it stays a good home for the future. This essay will talk about what might happen to our world and what we can do to keep it healthy.

Climate Change and Its Impact

One of the biggest challenges we face is climate change. This means that the Earth’s weather patterns are changing because of things like pollution and cutting down too many trees. If the Earth gets too warm, ice at the poles will melt, causing sea levels to rise. This could flood cities near the coast. Animals and plants might also find it hard to survive if their homes change too much.

But there is good news! People all over the world are working to slow down climate change. By using less energy, recycling more, and planting trees, we can help keep the Earth’s temperature just right.

Caring for Nature and Wildlife

Our planet is full of amazing animals and plants. To make sure they stick around for a long time, we need to take care of their homes. This means protecting forests, oceans, and rivers. When we keep these places clean and safe, animals and plants can thrive.

Kids can help, too! Learning about nature and sharing what you know with others can make a big difference. When everyone understands how important nature is, they’re more likely to protect it.

Technology and Innovation

In the future, new inventions and smart ways of doing things could help our planet. For example, cars that don’t pollute the air and ways to make energy from the sun and wind are already being used. As more people use these technologies, the Earth will become a cleaner place.

Scientists are also coming up with ways to grow food without harming the environment. This means we can feed more people without cutting down forests or using too many chemicals.

Working Together for a Better Future

The best way to make sure our planet has a bright future is by working together. This means countries, companies, and people like you and me need to agree on how to take care of the Earth. When we all do our part, big changes can happen.

Schools can teach students about how to live in a way that’s good for the planet. Families can make choices that are better for the environment, like walking instead of driving sometimes. And governments can make rules that protect the air, water, and land.

The future of our planet is in our hands. By understanding the challenges like climate change, taking care of nature, using new technologies, and working together, we can make sure the Earth stays a beautiful and healthy place for everyone. It’s like a big team project, and everyone, including kids, has an important role to play. Let’s promise to do our best to keep our planet safe and sound for many years to come!

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Expression On The Internet
• Essay on Future Of Internet
• Essay on Fundamental Rights And Duties

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Essay on Earth

500 words essay on earth.

The earth is the planet that we live on and it is the fifth-largest planet. It is positioned in third place from the Sun. This essay on earth will help you learn all about it in detail. Our earth is the only planet that can sustain humans and other living species. The vital substances such as air, water, and land make it possible.

All About Essay on Earth

The rocks make up the earth that has been around for billions of years. Similarly, water also makes up the earth. In fact, water covers 70% of the surface. It includes the oceans that you see, the rivers, the sea and more.

Thus, the remaining 30% is covered with land. The earth moves around the sun in an orbit and takes around 364 days plus 6 hours to complete one round around it. Thus, we refer to it as a year.

Just like revolution, the earth also rotates on its axis within 24 hours that we refer to as a solar day. When rotation is happening, some of the places on the planet face the sun while the others hide from it.

As a result, we get day and night. There are three layers on the earth which we know as the core, mantle and crust. The core is the centre of the earth that is usually very hot. Further, we have the crust that is the outer layer. Finally, between the core and crust, we have the mantle i.e. the middle part.

The layer that we live on is the outer one with the rocks. Earth is home to not just humans but millions of other plants and species. The water and air on the earth make it possible for life to sustain. As the earth is the only livable planet, we must protect it at all costs.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

There is No Planet B

The human impact on the planet earth is very dangerous. Through this essay on earth, we wish to make people aware of protecting the earth. There is no balance with nature as human activities are hampering the earth.

Needless to say, we are responsible for the climate crisis that is happening right now. Climate change is getting worse and we need to start getting serious about it. It has a direct impact on our food, air, education, water, and more.

The rising temperature and natural disasters are clear warning signs. Therefore, we need to come together to save the earth and leave a better planet for our future generations.

Being ignorant is not an option anymore. We must spread awareness about the crisis and take preventive measures to protect the earth. We must all plant more trees and avoid using non-biodegradable products.

Further, it is vital to choose sustainable options and use reusable alternatives. We must save the earth to save our future. There is no Planet B and we must start acting like it accordingly.

Conclusion of Essay on Earth

All in all, we must work together to plant more trees and avoid using plastic. It is also important to limit the use of non-renewable resources to give our future generations a better planet.

FAQ on Essay on Earth

Question 1: What is the earth for kids?

Answer 1: Earth is the third farthest planet from the sun. It is bright and bluish in appearance when we see it from outer space. Water covers 70% of the earth while land covers 30%. Moreover, the earth is the only planet that can sustain life.

Question 2: How can we protect the earth?

Answer 2: We can protect the earth by limiting the use of non-renewable resources. Further, we must not waste water and avoid using plastic.

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Home / Essay Samples / Life / Future Plan / My Hopes for the Future

My Hopes for the Future

• Category: Life
• Topic: Future Plan , My Future

Pages: 1 (495 words)

• Downloads: -->

Self-Discovery and Fulfillment

Positive impact on society, a world of compassion and harmony, conclusion: navigating the unknown.

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