orphanage architecture thesis pdf

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Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Hope is scarce: designing an orphanage to create a sense of belonging.

Mehmet Arif Ozelgul Follow

Date of Submission

Spring 5-9-2022

Degree Type

Undergraduate Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Architecture

Architecture

Committee Chair/First Advisor

Zamila Karimi

Secondary Advisor

M. Saleh Uddin

When a child comes to life without the guidance of a mother and a father, they are sentenced to grow up in places where they can’t perceive as “home”. A child being placed in a situation where they live without their parents is not the ideal location for self-development. According to research, there are 2 million children in Mozambique who are living without their biological parents, and they are forced to child labor (22%), early child marriage (48%), violence (33.3%), prostitution (22%), and early childbearing (52%) along with mental health issues. The primary school graduation rate in Mozambique is only 48%. There are thousands of children without an educational background and because of that, there are lots of uneducated orphans who have no purpose in life. Now the question is, “How can we protect some of these innocent children from these very possible threats and give them a purpose, along with an occupation in life?“ My thesis is concerned with how architecture, space, and nature can provide safety, shelter, entertainment, and a sense of belonging to a space to the orphan children in Maputo, Mozambique. The design I have brought to life will allow these children to feel at home and encounter with the environment , which is very important for their well-being and health. I will be creating an environment that encourages bodily engagement, playful sensory exploration, and a flawless connection to the surrounding natural environment. The project site is located in the city of Maputo, by the Indian Ocean. The site is surrounded by both environmental and developing urban settings. The age group I will be targeting in my thesis is orphans from 10-15 years old. The ultimate goal is to create an orphan village that will embrace the children and provide them a space where they call “home”.

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Since May 10, 2022

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Home > Colleges, Schools, and Departments > School of Architecture > School of Architecture Dissertations and Theses > Senior Theses > 53

Architecture Senior Theses

ORPHAN: Residential Educational Cultural Center for Orphaned Youth

Author(s)/Creator(s)

Valerie Rachel Herrera

Document Type

Thesis, Senior

Spring 2012

orphanage, Manhattan, residential educational facility, community

• Disciplines

Architecture

Description/Abstract

"This thesis contends that by re-conceptalizing the spatial, programmatic, and sociopolitical forces that for the basis of the orphanage typology, an architectural framework can be constructed that can instigate and facilitate new conditions of programmatic overlap between the 'urban cultural' and the 'private/secure residential'; fundamentally altering the outdated assumptions of the orphanage type in favor of a contemporary response embeds the orphanage in the city and the city in the orphanage."

Additional Information

Advisors: Randall Korman / Francisco Sanin

Note: Download in 3 parts

Recommended Citation

Herrera, Valerie Rachel, "ORPHAN: Residential Educational Cultural Center for Orphaned Youth" (2012). Architecture Senior Theses . 53. https://surface.syr.edu/architecture_theses/53

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Rethinking the architecture of Orphanages

The first orphanage ever built goes back to the 17 th century when babies were abandoned and thousands of children were left to fend for themselves in extreme poverty. Orphanages became a sanctuary for these children where values were instilled in them, they were cared for, offered love and protection, and a place to be called as their home. However, the conditions of the space by today’s standards were not ideal.

The communal living space was mostly overcrowded with lots of children all in one room with beds stacked after one another with metal railings. They had one dining space where all children would gather to eat, and generally, there was a lack of outdoor spaces.

Children are the future of any society, and they need a safe environment to grow up and be able to contribute. Architects for years now have been taking a different approach to designing orphanages, putting orphans’ feelings of loneliness, fear, and confusion at the forefront to provide them safety and give them a sense of family that could enhance their physical and psychological developmen t.

Urko Sanjez Architects design of orphanage

Urko Sanjez Architects partnered with SOS children’s village in Djibouti, an international organization that identifies children in need of assistance or orphans and gathers groups of children, with each one having a mother to look after them and ‘aunties’ that will assist the mothers. It is usually run at the top by one director usually labelled as the ‘father of the community’.

Looking at the traditional architecture of the region, a pattern of the “Medina” was realized, and Urko Sanchez decided to use that as the concept for this orphanage. They conceived it as a project to be integrational, reflect the identity of SOS children, and generate a sense of community. A perimeter wall with small perforated openings was created to provide a secure space for children inside. The medina for children was created to consist of fifteen units, with squares around trees providing open spaces, well-ventilated pathways, and a secured playground.

On the ground floor, each unit consists of three bedrooms for the children with two shared bathrooms, a living room, kitchen, and dining area, which are open between the inside and outside, reflecting on traditions of being under the stars and creating a sense of fluidity. The first floor houses the aunties’ and the director’s rooms. This orphanage was also created to incorporate vegetation, not just in the landscape but also around the house to give the children the opportunity to take care of it, grow with it, and eventually benefit from it.

This project has a few architectural elements that are designed to stand out, for example, the absence of doors in the openings, the latticework mashrabiya , which offers ventilation and allows the mother to keep an eye on the children while they are out playing freely, and the ventilation towers that were designed at critical points of the project to capture cool air and transfer it to the lower levels.

What makes this orphanage interesting, aside from its soft homogeneous finishes, is it is designed contextually and purely for bettering the children’s feelings and development.

ZAV Architects, Orphanage for Girls

ZAV Architects designed an orphanage in Iran taking the form of a residential centre specifically for orphaned girls between the ages of seven to seventeen. The site is part of the city’s historic fabric. The project being specifically for children revived the area. The orphanage’s design aim follows that of a home, creating private rooms and social spaces to provide a sanctuary for the girls to be able to live freely, study, play, and, most importantly, feel secure.

Although the typology of this structure was created with an introverted typology with the use of two wings going inwards in a curved overhang, due to the location and surroundings, it holds a unique character through the coverable balconies with yellow curtains that allow the girls that are wearing hijabs to have an inside-outside space relationship while adhering to their strict religious context. 

“They can express themselves through the changing festivities of mourning and celebration or the changing seasons by changing the ‘Hijab’ of their balconies, just like they are used to wearing and changing their Hijab and Chador in accord with the town’s cultural timeline, reminding aesthetics of censorship”, says ZAV Architects.

This orphanage breaks the conventional rules of social norms, what is defined as a dormitory, and offers the children a sense of quality living and belonging.

When children become orphans, they tend to be left with a void they have to live with for the rest of their lives feeling lost, sad and confused. Orphanages were created to take them in, provide them with a space they can be cared for, and feel safe. The role architecture has to play in rethinking the way they are designed is very crucial; It goes beyond just feeling safe and cared for. A good design will allow children to grow into their very best selves psychologically, mentally, and physically, and eventually grow up to be ready to conquer the world. Children, after all, are at the core of making the future a better place.

References:

• Doppelt, V. (n.d.). Barnardo’s Orphanages – A Victorian Institution . [online] Available at: https://www.illustratedpast.com/england/orphanages.html [Accessed 1 May 2022].
• ‌Floornature.com. (n.d.). Urko Sanchez: SOS Children’s Village in Djibouti | Floornature . [online] Available at: https://www.floornature.com/urko-sanchez-sos-children39s-village-djibouti-15100/.
• Floornature.com. (n.d.). Urko Sanchez: SOS Children’s Village in Djibouti | Floornature . [online] Available at: https://www.floornature.com/urko-sanchez-sos-children39s-village-djibouti-15100/.
• ARQA. (2020). Habitat for Orphan Girls . [online] Available at: https://arqa.com/en/architecture/habitat-para-ninas-huerfanas.html [Accessed 1 May 2022].
• Anon, (2018). ZAV Architects designs orphanage with covered balconies for girls in Iran . [online] Available at: https://www.middleeastarchitect.com/projects/40395-zav-architects-designs-orphanage-with-covered-balconies-for-girls-in-iran.
• ‌ArchShowcase. (2018). Habitat for Orphan Girls, in Khvansar, Iran by ZAV ARCHITECTS . [online] Available at: https://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/arch-showcase/2018/04/03/habitat-for-orphan-girls-in-khvansar-iran-by-zav-architects/ [Accessed 1 May 2022].

An architectural masters graduate with a passion for design and writing. She holds a strong attitude to overcome obstacles combined with an optimistic character used to bring value to whatever project she is working on. She is organized, motivated, self-confident and success oriented.

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Project proposal for the El-Shadai Orphans Home (EOH) orphanage project

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ORPHANAGE OLD AGE HOME(thesis)

Childhood is a tender and delicate stage in the life span of a human being. At this stage people require a great deal of care, love and nurture in order to have a robust set of values and morals. The required care, love and nurture are generally imparted to us by our families. But there are many children not fortunate enough like we are, yes I am talking about orphans and not having a family doesn't make them any less of a human. They too have a right to have a comfortable shelter just like us. Now I will talk about a similar case with slightly different parameters. Many of us because of our egocentric, egotistical and selfish nature tend to forsake our own parents who took care and nurtured us. Many of us end up abandoning our parents at old age homes. Now if we consider both the above cases we could infer that they both lack a mutual feeling and that is deep affection, warmth, attachment and love. Orphans always deficient of parental or elderly love and abandoned parents always deficient of the love obtained from children. The idea behind this topic is to create:  An interactive platform for old age homes and orphanages : Even if we combine an old age home with an orphanage we need to have a planned space or platform where they both can interact. We can't always put both the generations together as they have different priorities.  Careful planning of spaces: It might happen that some of the elder people may have some contagious diseases. Hence they have to be isolated from the children. Therefore careful planning is required so that spaces are segregated but are not isolated.  Differently abled: It may happen that some of the elder people are differently able and hence need to be catered. And not just elder people also the children could be differently abled. So the building should be responsive to such kind of people.  Low cost scheme: Mostly such buildings are funded by NGOs and hence need to be as cost effective as possible. So techniques of low cost housing will be applied essentially.

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Orphanage: The Latest Architecture and News

A school for girls in india and a vertical community farm in the us: 10 unbuilt socially engaged projects submitted to archdaily.

The year 2022 was marked by several socio-cultural and economic crises across the globe, from the Russian invasion of Ukraine to the increasing cost of living worldwide, combined with a number of natural disasters such as the devastating floods in Pakistan and hurricane Ian in the US . In these difficult times, architects are stepping up and embracing their role in developing design-based solutions to humanitarian crises, ranging from temporary shelters and affordable housing schemes to centers for protecting at-risk groups such as homeless underage girls, children from low-income environments, or families in need of medical care.

This week's curated selection of Best Unbuilt Architecture highlights projects submitted by the ArchDaily community that engage with their local communities, offering safe spaces for disadvantaged and at-risk groups. From a sanctuary for homeless girls in Iraq to an affordable housing project in Prague ’s first skyscraper, this selection features projects centered around people, their needs, and desires. Many of the projects employ local materials such as clay bricks to lower the construction costs. They also reuse existing buildings and hope to engage the local community in building and appropriating the proposed spaces.

• Read more »

MOS Architects Take on Humanitarian Design in Nepal

In this article, which originally appeared on Australian Design Review as " Reframing Concrete in Nepal, " Aleksandr Bierig describes how New York-based MOS Architects , a firm better known for its experimental work, is designing an orphanage for a small community in Nepal.

Strangely enough it has become almost unremarkable that an office such as New York-based MOS Architects would find itself designing an orphanage for a small community in Nepal . Now under construction in Jorpati, eight kilometres north-east of the capital, Kathmandu , is the Lali Gurans Orphanage and Learning Centre, which finds itself at the intersection of any number of tangential trends: the rise of international aid and non-governmental organisations, the seeming annihilation of space by global communications networks and the latent desire of architects to use their designs to effect appreciable social change. Emphasizing simple construction techniques and sustainable design features, the building hopes to serve as a model for the surrounding communities, as an educational and environmental hub, the provider of social services for Nepalese women and as a home for some 50 children.

MOS Architect s, founded in 2003 by US architects Michael Meredith and Hilary Sample , is not a practice known for its involvement in humanitarian projects. Its work is often experimental and, at times, willfully strange. Alongside its architecture, MOS makes films, teaches studios, designs furniture and gives lectures on its work. It was after one lecture in Denver, Colorado in 2009 that Christopher Gish approached Meredith and Sample to ask if they would be interested in designing an orphanage.