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128 Industrial Revolution Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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The Industrial Revolution was a period of great technological advancement and economic growth that took place in the 18th and 19th centuries. This revolution had a profound impact on society, transforming the way people lived and worked. If you are studying this important historical period and are in need of essay topic ideas, look no further. Here are 128 Industrial Revolution essay topic ideas and examples to help you get started:

• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on urbanization
• The role of women in the Industrial Revolution
• Child labor during the Industrial Revolution
• The effects of industrialization on the environment
• The invention of the steam engine and its impact on industry
• The spread of industrialization to other countries
• The rise of capitalism and industrialization
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the working class
• The role of government in regulating industry during the Industrial Revolution
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on global trade
• The relationship between industrialization and imperialism
• The impact of technological advancements on industry during the Industrial Revolution
• The role of inventors and innovators in the Industrial Revolution
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on agriculture
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on transportation
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on communication
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on education
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on medicine
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on social class
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on family life
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on art and culture
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on religion
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on politics
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on immigration
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on slavery
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on women's rights
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on child labor laws
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on factory conditions
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on urban planning
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on social reform movements
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the growth of cities
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of consumer culture
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of mass production
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of labor unions
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of socialism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of communism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of imperialism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of nationalism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of democracy
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of fascism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of totalitarianism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of authoritarianism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of populism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of globalism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of protectionism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of regionalism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of globalization
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of multiculturalism
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of diversity
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of inclusivity
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of equality
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of equity
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of justice
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of fairness
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of freedom
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of liberty
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of rights
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of responsibilities
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of duties
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of obligations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of commitments
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of regulations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of laws
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of policies
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of practices
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of procedures
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of standards
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of guidelines
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of frameworks
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of systems
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of structures
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of organizations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of institutions
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of corporations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of businesses
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of companies
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of industries
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of sectors
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of markets
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of competition
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of innovation
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of entrepreneurship
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of technology
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of science
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of engineering
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of mathematics
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of physics
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of chemistry
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of biology
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of medicine
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of psychology
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of sociology
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of anthropology
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of economics
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of political science
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of history
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of geography
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of philosophy
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of literature
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of art
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of music
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of theater
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of dance
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of film
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of television
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of radio
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of newspapers
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of magazines
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of books
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of libraries
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of museums
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of galleries
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of exhibitions
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of performances
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of concerts
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of festivals
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of events
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of celebrations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of traditions
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of customs
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of rituals
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of ceremonies
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of holidays
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of vacations
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of leisure
• The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the rise of entertainment

These essay topic ideas and examples cover a wide range of aspects of the Industrial Revolution, providing you with plenty of inspiration for your research and writing. Whether you are interested in the social, economic, technological, or cultural impacts of this period, there is sure to be a topic that piques your interest. Happy writing!

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Descriptive Essay: The Industrial Revolution and its Effects

The Industrial Revolution was a time of great age throughout the world. It represented major change from 1760 to the period 1820-1840. The movement originated in Great Britain and affected everything from industrial manufacturing processes to the daily life of the average citizen. I will discuss the Industrial Revolution and the effects it had on the world as a whole.

The primary industry of the time was the textiles industry. It had the most employees, output value, and invested capital. It was the first to take on new modern production methods. The transition to machine power drastically increased productivity and efficiency. This extended to iron production and chemical production.

It started in Great Britain and soon expanded into Western Europe and to the United States. The actual effects of the revolution on different sections of society differed. They manifested themselves at different times. The ‘trickle down’ effect whereby the benefits of the revolution helped the lower classes didn’t happen until towards the 1830s and 1840s. Initially, machines like the Watt Steam Engine and the Spinning Jenny only benefited the rich industrialists.

The effects on the general population, when they did come, were major. Prior to the revolution, most cotton spinning was done with a wheel in the home. These advances allowed families to increase their productivity and output. It gave them more disposable income and enabled them to facilitate the growth of a larger consumer goods market. The lower classes were able to spend. For the first time in history, the masses had a sustained growth in living standards.

Social historians noted the change in where people lived. Industrialists wanted more workers and the new technology largely confined itself to large factories in the cities. Thousands of people who lived in the countryside migrated to the cities permanently. It led to the growth of cities across the world, including London, Manchester, and Boston. The permanent shift from rural living to city living has endured to the present day.

Trade between nations increased as they often had massive surpluses of consumer goods they couldn’t sell in the domestic market. The rate of trade increased and made nations like Great Britain and the United States richer than ever before. Naturally, this translated to military power and the ability to sustain worldwide trade networks and colonies.

On the other hand, the Industrial Revolution and migration led to the mass exploitation of workers and slums. To counter this, workers formed trade unions. They fought back against employers to win rights for themselves and their families. The formation of trade unions and the collective unity of workers across industries are still existent today. It was the first time workers could make demands of their employers. It enfranchised them and gave them rights to upset the status quo and force employers to view their workers as human beings like them.

Overall, the Industrial Revolution was one of the single biggest events in human history. It launched the modern age and drove industrial technology forward at a faster rate than ever before. Even contemporary economics experts failed to predict the extent of the revolution and its effects on world history. It shows why the Industrial Revolution played such a vital role in the building of the United States of today.

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Industrial Revolution

By: History.com Editors

Updated: March 27, 2023 | Original: October 29, 2009

The Industrial Revolution was a period of scientific and technological development in the 18th century that transformed largely rural, agrarian societies—especially in Europe and North America—into industrialized, urban ones. Goods that had once been painstakingly crafted by hand started to be produced in mass quantities by machines in factories, thanks to the introduction of new machines and techniques in textiles, iron making and other industries.

When Was the Industrial Revolution?

Though a few innovations were developed as early as the 1700s, the Industrial Revolution began in earnest by the 1830s and 1840s in Britain, and soon spread to the rest of the world, including the United States.

Modern historians often refer to this period as the First Industrial Revolution, to set it apart from a second period of industrialization that took place from the late 19th to early 20th centuries and saw rapid advances in the steel, electric and automobile industries. 

Spinning Jenny

Thanks in part to its damp climate, ideal for raising sheep, Britain had a long history of producing textiles like wool, linen and cotton. But prior to the Industrial Revolution, the British textile business was a true “cottage industry,” with the work performed in small workshops or even homes by individual spinners, weavers and dyers.

Starting in the mid-18th century, innovations like the spinning jenny (a wooden frame with multiple spindles), the flying shuttle, the water frame and the power loom made weaving cloth and spinning yarn and thread much easier. Producing cloth became faster and required less time and far less human labor.

More efficient, mechanized production meant Britain’s new textile factories could meet the growing demand for cloth both at home and abroad, where the British Empire’s many overseas colonies provided a captive market for its goods. In addition to textiles, the British iron industry also adopted new innovations.

Chief among the new techniques was the smelting of iron ore with coke (a material made by heating coal) instead of the traditional charcoal. This method was both cheaper and produced higher-quality material, enabling Britain’s iron and steel production to expand in response to demand created by the Napoleonic Wars (1803-15) and the later growth of the railroad industry. 

Impact of Steam Power 

An icon of the Industrial Revolution broke onto the scene in the early 1700s, when Thomas Newcomen designed the prototype for the first modern steam engine . Called the “atmospheric steam engine,” Newcomen’s invention was originally applied to power the machines used to pump water out of mine shafts.

In the 1760s, Scottish engineer James Watt began tinkering with one of Newcomen’s models, adding a separate water condenser that made it far more efficient. Watt later collaborated with Matthew Boulton to invent a steam engine with a rotary motion, a key innovation that would allow steam power to spread across British industries, including flour, paper, and cotton mills, iron works, distilleries, waterworks and canals.

Just as steam engines needed coal, steam power allowed miners to go deeper and extract more of this relatively cheap energy source. The demand for coal skyrocketed throughout the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as it would be needed to run not only the factories used to produce manufactured goods, but also the railroads and steamships used for transporting them.

Transportation During the Industrial Revolution

Britain’s road network, which had been relatively primitive prior to industrialization, soon saw substantial improvements, and more than 2,000 miles of canals were in use across Britain by 1815.

In the early 1800s, Richard Trevithick debuted a steam-powered locomotive, and in 1830 similar locomotives started transporting freight (and passengers) between the industrial hubs of Manchester and Liverpool. By that time, steam-powered boats and ships were already in wide use, carrying goods along Britain’s rivers and canals as well as across the Atlantic.

Banking and Communication in the Industrial Revolution

In 1776, Scottish social philosopher Adam Smith , who is regarded as the founder of modern economics, published The Wealth of Nations . In it, Smith promoted an economic system based on free enterprise, the private ownership of means of production, and lack of government interference.

Banks and industrial financiers soon rose to new prominence during this period, as well as a factory system dependent on owners and managers. A stock exchange was established in London in the 1770s; the New York Stock Exchange was founded in the early 1790s.

The latter part of the Industrial Revolution also saw key advances in communication methods, as people increasingly saw the need to communicate efficiently over long distances. In 1837, British inventors William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone patented the first commercial telegraphy system, even as Samuel Morse and other inventors worked on their own versions in the United States.

Cooke and Wheatstone’s system would be used for railroad signaling, as the speed of the new steam-powered trains created a need for more sophisticated means of communication.

Labor Movement 

Though many people in Britain had begun moving to the cities from rural areas before the Industrial Revolution, this process accelerated dramatically with industrialization, as the rise of large factories turned smaller towns into major cities over the span of decades. This rapid urbanization brought significant challenges, as overcrowded cities suffered from pollution, inadequate sanitation, miserable housing conditions and a lack of safe drinking water.

Meanwhile, even as industrialization increased economic output overall and improved the standard of living for the middle and upper classes, poor and working class people continued to struggle. The mechanization of labor created by technological innovation had made working in factories increasingly tedious (and sometimes dangerous), and many workers—including children—were forced to work long hours for pitifully low wages.

Such dramatic changes and abuses fueled opposition to industrialization worldwide, including the “ Luddites ,” known for their violent resistance to changes in Britain’s textile industry.

Did you know? The word "luddite" refers to a person who is opposed to technological change. The term is derived from a group of early 19th century English workers who attacked factories and destroyed machinery as a means of protest. They were supposedly led by a man named Ned Ludd, though he may have been an apocryphal figure.

In the decades to come, outrage over substandard working and living conditions would fuel the formation of labor unions , as well as the passage of new child labor laws and public health regulations in both Britain and the United States, all aimed at improving life for working class and poor citizens who had been negatively impacted by industrialization.

The Industrial Revolution in the United States

The beginning of industrialization in the United States is usually pegged to the opening of a textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, in 1793 by the recent English immigrant Samuel Slater. Slater had worked at one of the mills opened by Richard Arkwright (inventor of the water frame) mills, and despite laws prohibiting the emigration of textile workers, he brought Arkwright’s designs across the Atlantic. He later built several other cotton mills in New England, and became known as the “Father of the American Industrial Revolution.”

The United States followed its own path to industrialization, spurred by innovations “borrowed” from Britain as well as by homegrown inventors like Eli Whitney . Whitney’s 1793 invention of the cotton gin (short for “engine”) revolutionized the nation’s cotton industry (and strengthened the hold of slavery over the cotton-producing South).

By the end of the 19th century, with the so-called Second Industrial Revolution underway, the United States would also transition from a largely agrarian society to an increasingly urbanized one, with all the attendant problems.

By the mid-19th century, industrialization was well-established throughout the western part of Europe and America’s northeastern region. By the early 20th century, the U.S. had become the world’s leading industrial nation.

Effects of the Industrial Revolution

Historians continue to debate many aspects of industrialization, including its exact timeline, why it began in Britain as opposed to other parts of the world and the idea that it was actually more of a gradual evolution than a revolution. The positives and negatives of the Industrial Revolution are complex.

On one hand, unsafe working conditions were rife and environmental pollution from coal and gas are legacies we still struggle with today. On the other, the move to cities and ingenious inventions that made clothing, communication and transportation more affordable and accessible to the masses changed the course of world history.

Regardless of these questions, the Industrial Revolution had a transformative economic, social and cultural impact, and played an integral role in laying the foundations for modern society. 

Photo Galleries

Robert C. Allen, The Industrial Revolution: A Very Short Introduction . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007  Claire Hopley, “A History of the British Cotton Industry.” British Heritage Travel , July 29, 2006 William Rosen, The Most Powerful Idea in the World: A Story of Steam, Industry, and Invention . New York: Random House, 2010 Gavin Weightman, The Industrial Revolutionaries: The Making of the Modern World, 1776-1914 . New York: Grove Press, 2007 Matthew White, “Georgian Britain: The Industrial Revolution.” British Library , October 14, 2009 

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Essay on Industrial Revolution

Students are often asked to write an essay on Industrial Revolution in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Industrial Revolution

What was the industrial revolution.

The Industrial Revolution was a big change in how things were made. Before, people made goods by hand at home. Then, machines in big buildings called factories started doing this work. This change began in Britain in the late 1700s and spread to other countries.

Changes in Technology

New machines could spin thread much faster than by hand. The steam engine was also invented. This could power machines and move trains and ships. These inventions made making things and moving them around quicker and cheaper.

Impact on People

Many people left farms to work in factories in cities. Life became hard for these workers. They worked long hours for little money. But, more goods were made, and over time, people’s lives improved as new jobs were created.

Global Effects

The Industrial Revolution changed the world. Countries with factories got rich and powerful. They used resources from other places to make goods. This led to big changes in trade and made some countries very wealthy.

The Industrial Revolution was a major event that changed how we make things, live, and work. It started over 200 years ago, and its effects are still felt today. It made life better for many, but also created new challenges.

Also check:

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Industrial Revolution

250 Words Essay on Industrial Revolution

What was the industrial revolution.

The Industrial Revolution was a big change in the way things were made. Before this time, people made goods by hand at home or in small shops. Around the late 18th century, this changed. Machines began to do the work in big factories. This started in Britain and then spread to other parts of the world.

Changes in Industry

Machines could make things faster and cheaper than humans could by hand. This meant more products could be made and more people could buy them. Steam engines powered these machines, and coal was the fuel. This led to a rise in coal mining and iron production.

Life During the Revolution

Because of factory work, cities grew as people moved there for jobs. This was a big shift from life on farms. Working in factories was hard, and many worked long hours for low pay. The air and water got dirty from the factories, too.

Impact on Society

The Industrial Revolution changed life a lot. Travel became easier with trains and steamships. Communication got better with inventions like the telegraph. People’s lives improved with new goods and technology. But, there were also bad parts, like child labor and pollution.

The Industrial Revolution was a time of big changes in the way we make and buy things. It made life better in many ways, but also brought challenges. Today, we still feel its effects in our daily lives and the way our world works.

500 Words Essay on Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was a time of big change in how people worked and lived. It started in the late 1700s and went on until the early 1800s. Before this period, most goods were made by hand, and people lived in small villages and worked on farms. But during the Industrial Revolution, machines began to do the work that people and animals used to do. This change began in Britain and then spread to other countries, including the United States and parts of Europe.

New Inventions

One of the most important parts of the Industrial Revolution was the creation of new machines. These machines could make things faster and cheaper than before. For example, the spinning jenny allowed one worker to make several threads at the same time, and the steam engine could power different kinds of machines. Because of these inventions, factories were built where many machines could work together. This was much different from the old way of making things at home or in small workshops.

Life in Factories

With factories, the way people worked changed a lot. Instead of making goods at their own pace at home, workers had to follow a strict schedule in the factories. They worked long hours and often in tough conditions. Many workers moved from the countryside to cities to find work in these new factories. This led to cities growing very fast and becoming crowded.

Transportation Changes

The Industrial Revolution also changed how goods and people moved from place to place. The steam locomotive made it possible to build railways, which could transport goods and people much faster than horses and carts. Ships also got steam engines, which made travel across oceans quicker and easier. This meant that goods could be sold far away, and it was easier for people to move to new places.

The Industrial Revolution had a big impact on society. It made some people very rich, especially those who owned the factories. But many workers lived in poor conditions and did not get much money. Over time, this led to new laws to protect workers and improve their lives.

Children also worked in factories, and this led to laws about child labor. Education became more important, and more children went to school instead of working.

Changes in Agriculture

Farming also changed during the Industrial Revolution. New machines like the seed drill and the mechanical reaper made farming more efficient. This meant fewer people were needed to work on farms, so they went to work in the factories instead.

The Industrial Revolution was a time of great change. It made life different in many ways, from how people made things to how they lived and worked. It was not always easy or good for everyone, but it led to the modern world we know today. We still feel the effects of these changes in our daily lives, as the new ways of making and doing things that started back then continue to shape our world.

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Industrial Revolution Essay: Example and Tips

• 1 Introduction to industrial revolution essay example
• 2.1 Pros and Cons of the Industrial Revolution
• 2.2 The Road to Product Saturation or the Pros of Revolution
• 2.3 Cons of the industrial revolution
• 3 Conclusion of industrial revolution essay

Introduction to industrial revolution essay example

The road to the Industrial Revolution was opened by the rapid development of transport networks – for the first time since the Roman Empire. From the very beginning of the reign of George III, a network of channels developed in the country, which provided many places with those benefits that London had long enjoyed. The channels were conducted in all regions of the country, and for their time they meant a lot, although after the introduction of the railway communication the channel age ends. For the same reason, hard-surfaced roads with their regular carriages are also rapidly becoming obsolete.

The industrial revolution is a rather lengthy process for setting up a modern industrial scale for the production and marketing of goods. This process begins with the invention of the first looms and the establishment of the production of cotton fabrics back in the 18th century. Soon in Lancashire there is an industry – for the moment on a small scale – in small factories (mills), on which machines for water traction are installed. A similar kind of production occurs in Liverpool. During the XIX century, an increasing proportion of the population is connected to mass production of goods, and factories are displacing more and more home and agricultural productions from the market. Fortunately, when factories became the usual place of work for the majority of the population, some of its worst aspects were corrected: from 1833 the state conducted inspections and regulates the activities of producers, which could only be envied by workers employed in small manufactories at an old-style home.

 Example of main part of industrial revolution essay example

The next big step was the invention of the steam engine by James Watt in 1764 (patented in 1769.) After that, together with his assistants, he continued to work on the engine, perfecting it for all sorts of tasks. Soon, the most diverse industries – coal mines, Cornwall tin mines, New River Company – all began to use steam traction, and thus the steam tract gradually began to replace the traditional less powerful water.

Another important step was the use of coal in the smelting of iron ore. Previously, wood was used for this, but by that time there was little forest in the country, and the use of pure coal made the iron fragile. The output was found when the first time coal was obtained from coke. In 1740, the Yorkshire watchmaker, Huntsman, opened the recipe for steelmaking, smelting iron with a small admixture of coal. As a result, over forty years, iron production is growing 10-fold. Throughout the island, there are new plants, each with its own version of the steam boiler. Together with these plants a new class is developing in the country – a modern mechanic.

Modern industry has produced a new class – a class of well-educated and well paid engineers, to whose advice hundreds of producers throughout the country listened with reverence. To this very class belonged the family of Stevenson from Tyneside, the inventor of the railway communication. The inventor of the locomotive did not belong to the bourgeois class – he was from among the workers, and he learned to read only at the age of 17. The slogan of the new time was “help yourself,” and the emerging mechanical institutions were a new model of higher education.

For the first time since Anglo-Saxon times, the north-western part of the country, the ancient Northumbria and Mercia, were no less important than the agricultural south, or London with its suburbs. The old textile centers in East Anglia were in the shadows because of the stubborn competition with the new centers. Until the end of the Napoleonic wars, these new centers did not require political influence, but subsequently this shift of power, finance and political influence to the north and west was the reason for the forthcoming reform of the parliament.

The industrial revolution caused a turning point in the centuries – this was the time of mass migration of the population. Men and women were gradually moving to the industrial regions of the country, and on the lands around these areas, the incredibly low price of labor of an agricultural wage worker has become blatantly evident. But the living conditions of the new working class were extremely difficult, and became even more severe because of high prices, lack of goods and unemployment, which were the consequence of the Napoleonic wars.

The perversions were more than sufficient for the first period of the formation of the new economic formation, but they were in many ways a consequence and augmentation of the evils of old industries, rather than new vices. Coal mines existed for centuries, in them miners were always paid little, provided them with terrible housing and were forced to work incredibly much. Until 1815 in Northumberland or Durham, it was not customary to investigate the circumstances of the death of miners. Women and children also worked in the mines, and they worked in horrific conditions in the damp darkness of the mine. The industrial age has simply shown these unpleasant aspects of people’s lives more sharply.

Pros and Cons of the Industrial Revolution

The essence of the industrial revolution lies in the transition to mechanized labor. During this process, a significant part of the production operations was transferred from the person to the machine, and the worker was assigned the role of the machine operator.

Until the beginning of the last century, the mechanization of production was carried out in all countries, which are now among the world’s economic leaders (except China). The change in the mode of production entailed a mass breaking of the established life stereotypes, radically changing the basic principles of people’s existence (that is why the term “revolution” is used for this phenomenon). Despite the talk about the emergence of a “post-industrial society,” humanity lives on these principles today, and a retreat from them for the time being threatens it with serious economic troubles, which was clearly demonstrated by the last global financial crisis.

But, if the industrial revolution brought certain benefits to humanity, today we would live in an ideal world. As in any case, a global reorganization has spawned both its own problems and its victims.

The Road to Product Saturation or the Pros of Revolution

The main and most obvious advantage of mechanized production is a sharp increase in its volume and a reduction in the cost of production. Improvement of the quality should also be mentioned – the machine works more accurately than a person, avoiding random flaws. Statistical data on the volume of production in the leading industries in those countries where the industrial revolution was actively going on, shows an increase in the output of goods at times for 20-30 years. Thus, there was a saturation of the market with goods with a simultaneous decrease in prices for them. Thanks to mechanization, a very large number of people were able to take advantage of industrial production.

The industrial revolution facilitated communication between people living at a considerable distance from each other. Mechanization came in transport and communications, because accelerated production required accelerated delivery of raw materials, accelerated shipment of finished products and timely information on various manufacturing nuances. But as a result, everything was available by the use the railway, telegraph and telephone.

Mechanization contributed to the growth of education and awareness of people. The profession of an engineer appeared and became very popular. The workers were also forced to study: they had to get acquainted with the instructions to the machine, study the drawings of standardized parts. Only representatives of unskilled professions could remain uneducated, but they also tried to learn at least something if they understood that without this they would never receive any decent work.

In turn, mechanical printing machines could produce many cheap newspapers and inexpensive books. The telegraph instantly delivered information about events in remote countries. A small price for printed products made it accessible to the poor, and their horizons expanded.

Also, the industrial revolution has forever put an end to the monopoly of the church in the affairs of spiritual life and education. Future engineers needed to be taught mathematics, physics and chemistry. The restriction of church intervention in secular life can not be considered positive – it was a great step towards true free-thinking.

Finally, mechanization simply eased the labor of the workers. Machines were used on the most labor-intensive production processes.

Cons of the industrial revolution

But here’s the paradox: at the dawn of the industrial revolution, Europe was swept by the Luddite mass labor movement (after the half-legendary founder, the English weaver Ned Ludd). Luddites demanded the destruction of machines and a return to heavy manual labor! They were enemies themselves, or what? Of course not. Enemies were the entrepreneurs who conducted the mechanization of production. Because it was not done to improve the life of mankind. There was only one goal there. It is the banal greed of entrepreneurs, their complete indifference to the destinies of others, created the “shadow” side of the industrial revolution. And terrible things appearing there:

• Significant increase in unemployment, lower wages.
• Increase the working day (sometimes up to 16 hours!).
• The use of female and child labor (as early as the beginning of the twentieth century no one in the United States could be surprised by the 6-year-old workers).
• Complete ignoring of labor safety standards (with the usual lack of compensation for the injured).
• The aggravation of social conflict (the defeat of the Paris Commune of 1871 deprived the capital of France of 100,000 inhabitants, the civil war in Russia was even more expensive).
• Emergence of crises of overproduction, among which – the famous “great depression” (the goods were not sold out, because those who needed them did not have money to buy).

Greed also explains another dangerous consequence of the industrial revolution – environmental problems. No one thought about limiting the extraction of raw materials or cleaning emissions – this does not bring profit. The consequences of the non-standardized extraction of raw materials and uncontrolled emissions into the atmosphere are “hoarded” by mankind to this day.

But practice has shown that these negative manifestations sharply decreased when the state realized its responsibility for the destinies of all its citizens, and not just the business elite. At the moment, it is rational state power that saves us from the dark sides of mechanization (and now automation) by:

• Creation and maintenance of a system of social guarantees (minimum wages, pensions, assistance in case of disability).
• Formation of environmental legislation and control over its implementation.
• Restrictions on superprofits (for example, introducing a progressive tax).

Similar methods are applied in all countries and give results. Of course, for this, the government must be effective. But this in the current reality largely depends on ordinary citizens.

Conclusion of industrial revolution essay

The industrial revolution, introducing machines into the production process and concentrating it in factories and urban areas, has gradually brought to naught two types of rural production. First, it destroyed the production of tissue at home by women and children in rural-economic areas, and secondly, such handicrafts for men as watchmaking, weaving baskets, the production of carts and carriages, milling, brewing, dressing of shoes, etc., have disappeared. Because of this, the village remained only an agricultural link in production, as a result, villagers lost their independence.

The largest landowners and large farmers used actively fencing policies for intensive land use, but this invariably hit the most vulnerable segments of the population, who had to withdraw from the land and join the growing class of the workers.

The Industrial Revolution in America

This essay about the Industrial Revolution in America explores its origins and progression, highlighting key innovations and societal changes. It discusses the transformative impact of the American Revolution and examines the rise of industries such as textiles and transportation. Despite challenges like harsh working conditions, industrialization propelled America to unprecedented economic prosperity by the mid-19th century. Through technological innovation and entrepreneurship, the nation emerged as a global industrial powerhouse, shaping modern society in profound ways.

How it works

Industrial shock in America stands so as one yields processing période in national history, catalyzes économiques, social, and technological enormous advancements. While historians discuss a choice time his exact beginning, widely sanctified, that seed industrialization was sown in investigation American revolution. It essay inhales to investigate moments and central postmen, that affected despite introduction and moving forward industrial shock in America. American revolution, moves from 1765 at first 1783, marked not at all above all bend in American history. Newfound independence from the British line not only defined political changes and ideological and and put foundation for an economic appeal.

With moving colonial limitations and constitution republican government, the American associations of businessmen were the greater given autonomy, to innovate and to keep on trot economic efforts. It newfound freedom placed a stadium for an increase industry in one dismisses he country. 18 – ?? and century 19 – ?? a move beginning testified the gradual transferring from economies agraire-basées despite industrialized that. Only from the earliest indicators industrialization in America was mechanization agriculture. Innovations so as for example cotton gin Whitney Eli, patented in 1794, revolutionized cotton making, does this personnel and profitable. This innovation not only transformed south economy, and and put foundation for an increase industrial making. Simultaneous, advancements in a transfer frisked an in critical role lumber-room industrial increase. Construction channels, so as for example channel Erie, completed in 1825, assured, vital encumber he between areas middle west and centers a bank is municipal agricultural. It transfer the cleared infrastructure dropped a cost one the shop-windows depart and materials, so encourages trade and trade. However, it was a textile increase, that on present tense ushered era industrialization in America. Constitution textile mills in a novice England, driven voiture started, marked an above all care from handicraft courses making traditional. Innovateurs in manner from Francis dog Lowell did modern the use professions in weaves power and mechanized an equipment spinning, conducts despite a wave in a textile production. This moving on the founded setting despite making on a factory not only increased effectiveness, and and put foundation for the system, that dominate above American industry in years, to arrive factory. Industrial shock in America except that moved innovations and spirit entrepreneurship technological. Invention engine, added persons in manner from James watt and later improved Robert fulton, revolutionized transfer and making. Locomotives and steamboats avancer-renforcées unloaded advancement shop-windows and people rapid, opens new markets and manages economic expansion.

Except that, increase stakes, deficit persons in manner from Whitney Eli interchangeable rapid, revolutionized manufacturing processes, conducts despite effectiveness and greater standardization. This concept, celebrates so as system making American, frisked an in critical role making shop-windows and increase massive industry through well-assorted natural habitats. Industrial shock too brought from public deep changes, include an increase urbanization and appearance working new employments. Because factories germinated in municipal centers, migrated rural populations in searches possibilities employment. This impulse labour force supplied a fuel increase cities and led despite a display industrial centers so as for example Lowell, Massachusetts, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. However, side sideways possibilities were present industrialization arrived above all appeals, include working terms and business exploitation hard. Factory workers, often included women and children, fortified train long hours for subzero payments in risky environments. Business advancement appeared ? answer for this injustices, quarrel for terms work, payments, and right to inspire just cleared. In vexation from this criticisms, industrial shock in America in eventual addition moved nation on setting despite unprecedented economic expansion and global influence. Mid-19th century, actual unis appeared so as leading industrial authority, competes industrial smog European nations. Abundance methods, enterprise spirit foncières, and a technological innovation supplied a fuel continuous increase and innovation. ? conclusion, industrial shock in America was one yields processing période, that co-ordinated an aspect economy, society, and national culture novice. Appears in investigation American revolution, industrialization managed an innovation, entrepreneurship technological, and mimiced dynamic social. While industrial shock brought from appeals and above all criticisms, his durable inheritance continues to bring up the world of contemporary. From mechanization agriculture despite an increase making based on a factory, influence industrialization in America remains cave every society in an aspect.

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The American Industrial Revolution

The American lifestyle experienced gradual change with the coming of the industrial revolution. Before industrial revolution took shape in the American world, they mostly practiced farming while most of the rest were artisans. Industrial revolution brought about a great transitional point in the lifestyle of the people in the United States. before industrial revolution, the united states was a subsistence oriented nation but this was deemed to change to a major technological nation in addition to socioeconomic modifications which would follow the industrial revolution. The essay that follows intends to show the impact of the industrial revolution to the western nations and how it was a key revolutionary moment to the western society. Industrial revolution indeed marked an important transitional point in the history of the western nations. The essay will go ahead to give a detailed account of the history of industrial revolution, an assessment of how the western world was before and after industrial revolution to bring out a clear picture of why industrial revolution truly represents a revolutionary period in the western people’s lives.

The 1700’s marked the period which industrial revolution was experienced in Great Britain. At this time, the Americans had little or no idea of industrialization and most of them were farmers. The Americans were not industrialized such that nearly all their manufactured products were imported from Great Britain. The united States was transformed into an industrial power by the early American Industrial Revolution. When industrialization was still taking root in the United States, the people were still doubling the British methods of industrialization but after some time, the Americans started devising their own better and efficient methods of manufacturing goods at a faster rate and more cheaply as compared to the British methods. With time, the Americans developed their innovative factories. At the same time they made their new tools and appliances. America ended up being the most developed nation even though industrial revolution originated from Britain. Before the Americans had a clue about industrial revolution they were just farmers who relied on their skills to develop the tools which they needed to use in their farms. Trading was done on local basis because the traders could not meet the expense of transporting manufactured goods to other places. The one thing that made America able to become wealthy after a small period of knowing about industrial revolution is the fact that America possessed rich deposits of resources such as fertile lands, iron ore, wide expanses of interconnected water channels that enabled easy transportation of heavy and bulky goods from one place to another (Wallace 1978, 67)

Industrial revolution in Britain was set in motion when machines were introduced in the textile industry which was near the beginning of the 18 th century. Spinning machines made the tailoring of clothes easier, however, by the 19 th century factories installed with machines replaced the cottage industries as inventions made weaving much easier because threads could now be produced faster. Most of the early factories in Britain used water to generate power so that many factories were situated near close water bodies. With time, more inventions were made and the steam engines were used in place of water. The steam engines were now used to provide power in the factories. Production of coal that was used as fuel to turn the water into steam also increased and with time industrialists in Britain took on the use of the steam engines in their factories because they were a lot more efficient. In addition to the use of coal and steam engines, another innovation was also set up following the series of innovations that were coming forth in the 18 th century. Such an innovation occurred in Britain where there was the “iron revolution” which made it easier for the British to generate iron that was of authentic which would later on become a very vital commodity in terms of raw material for the industrial revolution. Iron would later on be used for the construction of things such as railways, machines and permanent buildings.

The Americans were unsure whether they wanted to be as industrially developed as the Britain’s. American revolution which lasted from 1775-1781 coincidentally ran at the same period when industrial revolution was being marked in Britain. The United States was just established with the 13 states but the problem at this time that faced industrialization in America is the fact that the influential leaders of the just established nation still had many disagreements when it came to critical matters. A few of the founding fathers looked at the situation in developing Britain and visualized it as trouble if it was introduced in the Americans lives. They were in doubt as to whether they should promote the agricultural system that was present in America or go on and promote industrialization just as the Britain’s were doing it. The Americans rather feared this and took it as a threat to the complete transformation of the lifestyle that was currently being used by the Americans. Thomas Jefferson who was the president of America for 8 years from 1801 preferred to have America as an agricultural country. What he and many Americans feared was that the introduction of industrialization in America that later leads to urbanization would end up resulting to poor living conditions and wretched lives for the Americans. He preferred that the Americans import manufactured goods from Britain while they provide raw materials for the factories in Britain. This situation changed with time and now America is one of the wealthiest countries in the world. Britain which was the first to have industrialization was outdone by America and this can be evidenced by the current economical situation in the two countries today (Brezina 2005, 78).

Alexander Hamilton who preferred to have the presence of industries in America submitted a report to the American congress proposing for the need of America taking on an industrial approach. In his report he wrote “in countries where there is great private wealth, much may be effected by the voluntary contributions of patriotic individuals; but in a community situated like that of the united states, the public purse must supply the deficiency of private resource. In what can it be so useful, as in prompting and improving the efforts of the industry?” Hamilton thought that America should have its industries to be liberated from the dependence they had on foreign products. In his opinion, the creation of industries that would substitute the handicraft system would ensure that the products resulting from American industries would be able to compete on the same international levels as the nations like Britain were doing. This would result to creation of a wide range of occupations from which Americans could choose from. Even though the population in America at that time was low, he contemplated that the women and children could also have a chance at working in the industries, in addition to this, the long run effect of the success created by these companies would end up attracting labor from other regions such as immigrants who would work in the industries plus the farms. The overall effect of this would be the growth of a larger population which would consume the goods produced in the factories which would lead to creation of profits thus leading to economic development. At the time that Hamilton proposed to congress, they did not pay heed to it but eventually even Jefferson saw the need to have some industries in America. After the need to have industries in America, industries were made

The British were getting insecure with their industrial development and were jealously guarding it. The British government had even come up with a law that banned the exportation of industrial machines and to top it all off they had also forbidden the manufacturing professionals from getting out of the country. Despite these restrictions the Americans still wanted to get some insight on how the British inventions operated. To be able to obtain this information, the Americans had to get the engineers from Britain so that they could know how the industrial system in Britain was. They therefore took it upon themselves to send invitations to the same engineers who had been forbidden from leaving Britain and some of the Americans even went to the extent of offering money to the people who had the latest information on the technological advancements in Britain. Despite the laws, many workers were able to maneuver the laws in Britain and got out of the country and migrated to the united states. in 1989, an experienced worker who was working for a cotton mill in Britain called Samuel Slater devised a plan that enabled him to maneuver the laws and he was able to land in the united states with the knowledge of building a spinning frame. During the eight year period that Slater had been working in the cotton mill, he gained knowledge of how a spinning frame could be built. With this in mind and the fact that Americans needed skilled men from Britain with the latest knowledge on the British inventions, Slater decided to move to America. When he was leaving Britain, he maid up a to the British official and told them that he practiced farming so that they could not withhold him from going top America. When he arrived in Rhode Island he found potential people who were ready to help him construct a mill. Consequently, Slater was able to complete his mill in 1790 that qualified to be the first operating textile mill present in US. He later on made another mill in Rhode Island after three years (Bagley 2003, 103).

Industrial revolution marked a period that saw to the transformation of the U.S from a subsistence nation to a technologically developed country with socioeconomic modifications to the former modes of trading. These changes took root in the country and up to date, these changes continue to describe the political and social environment of the nation once industrial revolution settled in America, the country took a whole new approach. Before the revolution America was a country that practiced farming where seasons guided them on the kind of activities they ought to be engaging in. after industrialization, America became a different country with the building of railway lines, textile mills and communications lines developed rapidly. Since America had plenty of hidden resources, industrialization moved rapidly and it became the wealthiest nation by bypassing Britain even though Britain had been the first to encounter industrial revolution (Olson 2002, 173).

Enough evidence can be developed from the American revolution that indeed the American revolution brought about changes in the make up of the American country before revolution was introduced. The industrialization brought about three important aspects that continue to prevail in the country up to day. Transportation channels were enlarged. This can be evidenced by the presence of railway lines that were made possible by the presence of iron deposits in the country. The other commodity that was well developed is electricity that was harnessed. The last development that was made by the Americans is the industrial processes were improved and as a result, production of commodities that would satisfy the Americans in both quantity and quality was accelerated. Inventors that were able to bring about industrial revolution in America did not cease inventing. They continued the inventions through the 19 th and at the beginning of the 19 th century. Some inventions were made by the American inventors that continue4 to provide evidence of the prominence of the American inventors. An example of commodities that still exists from those inventions includes the light bulb which was invented by Thomas Edison. The light bulb continues to be in use up to date though small and minor modifications have been made to it. The other invention that was created was that of ford which is still in use even up to date (Hillstrom and Hillstrom 2007, 152)

It cannot be disputed that indeed the world as a whole changed from the industrial revolution that originated from Britain and later on spread to America where it was utilized and contributed to making America a rich nation that it is today. as opposed to the pre-revolution days when the re was little geographic ground covered due to lack of transportation such that an individual would get born live and die in a certain locality without having ever moved from that region to another. However, industrial revolution brought changes to almost everything. The rural places that were changed and became cities. Barter trade stopped existing and was replaced with money which enabled transactions to be carried out more easily. The local markets that existed changed to become national in addition to international markets. This lead to formation of economic competition which grew with time and intensified the more inventions and international markets continued existing. From these economic competitions came the formation of world powers that belonged to the developed countries because they could be able to own large military resources. These industrialized countries now control the global politics and from their perspective they have set the course through which world affairs go through.

Bibliography

Bagley, Katie. The Early American Industrial Revolution, 1793-1850 . Minnesota: Capstone press, 2003

Brezina, Corona. The Industrial Revolution in America: A Primary Source History of America’s Transformation Into An Industrial Society . New York: Rosen Publishing Group,2005

Hillstrom, Kevin and Hillstrom, Collier. The Industrial Revolution in America. California: Library of Congress Cataloging, 2007

Olson, Stuart. Encyclopedia of the industrial revolution in America. Westport CT: Greenwood publishing group, 2002.

Wallace, Anthony. Rockdale: The Growth of an American Village in the Early Industrial Revolution . New York: Library of Congress Cataloging,1978

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Industrial Revolution’ Process and Challenges Essay

Introduction, causes of industrial revolution, technological developments, effects of industrial revolution, works cited.

The period of eighteenth century was characterized by several developments in Europe. One of the key developments during this period was industrial revolution. Industrialization began in the second phase of eighteenth century. “Industrial Revolution was a period from 18 th to the 19 th century when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socio economic and cultural conditions of the times” (Hudson 3).

Britain took a lead in Industrial Revolution and from this place it spread to other nations in Europe. The idea of industrialization later spread to North America and it eventually reached Asia and Africa. Industrial revolution brought drastic changes which influenced many aspects of mankind. For instance, there was a remarkable population growth and the level of economic production also improved. The mode of production also changed. In this case there was a shift from the use of human labor to the use of machines and modern tools.

Several factors accounted for the onset of industrial revolution in Britain and they include the following. Availability of raw materials from the colonies overseas boosted industrial production in Britain. The British government had established several colonies and it always exploited them economically.

For example, Britain got many raw materials from India which served as one of its prime colonies. Britain was also endowed with a lot of natural resources. For example, it had minerals like iron, tin, and copper. In addition to these, it had coal which was used for driving engines in the factories (Licht 23).

Availability of capital enabled Britain to invest in industries. Capital was derived from many sources. For example, they generated revenues from colonies inform of taxes. Part of this revenue was invested in industrial production of goods. Financial markets also provided loans to entrepreneurs.

Political stability also kept Britain safe from social economic upheavals. In 18 th century a wave of nationalism was quickly spreading in many territories in Europe. Unlike other European countries that had political instability, Britain remained politically stable for a long time. The peaceful environment therefore gave the investors enough confidence to participate in economic investments. Britain had a strong naval power which insulated it from external invasions that would probably interfere with its investments.

Agrarian revolution that preceded industrial revolution was also an important factor in the sense that it boosted the production of agricultural raw materials. For example, cash crops and dairy products promoted the development of agriculturally based factories.

Availability of efficient modes of transportation enabled Britain to participate actively both in local and international commerce. Britain developed good transportation networks. For example, it had good sea transport that made it possible for it to import raw materials, and at the same time it exported finished products to overseas markets. Road and railway networks were also constructed in Britain and they facilitated the supply of raw materials to factories, and finished goods to markets.

Scientific revolution introduced new concepts and skills. During the18 th century many people were preoccupied with making new discoveries which led to the invention of several machines and tools. In addition to these factors, trade also played a decisive role in this process.

Since there existed a high demand for the new finished products trading activities also increased and several products were transported to overseas markets. The finished goods fetched good prices in the international markets. The sale of goods overseas improved profit margins of the industries. The profits were further reinvested in industrial development.

The invention of the modern machines and other items was not a simple process as many people may think. It was a gradual process which was characterized by a series of experiments that were conducted over a long period of time.

The scientists and entrepreneurs who are today accredited for these inventions faced myriad challenges. Some of them even died in the process of conducting the experiments. In some cases they even faced criticism from individuals who were opposed to them. During the industrial revolution many items were invented and they included the following.

First, there was improvement of machines. The making modern tools encouraged the development of factory equipment. Chemicals such as acids and alkalis were produced and they facilitated the manufacturing of other items. “Steam power was used both in mines and in factories” (Hudson 150). The textile industry was among the first mechanized factories. This was done through the construction of the spinning jenny.

Social Effects

One of the social developments that emerged during this period was urbanization. Most of the places that had industries attracted huge populations and social amenities were also developed. This is because many people went looking for labor in factories. Urban centers therefore emerged. For example, Manchester city emerged because of industrialization (Engels 134).

Child labor became wide spread because of many reasons. Education opportunities were still minimal at this time and many children were given the responsibility of working. Children were often exploited by employers and they were paid very little money compared to adults, for equal work done.

Since child labor was more economical, many employers used it and it was quite common especially during the early period of industrialization. Poor working conditions coupled with long working hours really affected the health of children. Some of them contracted fatal diseases, while others were hurt in the factories. Most of them ended up dying at an early age.

Housing units for the industrial workers were inmost cases very poor. Many people who worked in the industries lived in deplorable conditions. They mostly lived in crowded slums which did not have basic social services. The squalid conditions in the slums often led to perennial outbreak of diseases like cholera which claimed many lives. Because of these problems strikes and job boycotts were prevalent among the workers who demanded for better services and working conditions.

Loss of labor also occurred with the invention of new machines. People who worked as artists or weavers lost their jobs considerably because they could not compete with machines. These led to serious protests against industrialists. The attackers were called luddites.

Trade unions were formed out of the need to come up with a bargaining power. The trade unions always served the interests of the workers and they aimed at making working conditions better. For example, they could bargain for the improvement of working conditions.

The standards of living generally varied depending on an individual’s social class. People who had meager wages led miserable lifestyles, while those who had stable incomes had improved lifestyles because they could buy new goods. The employers generally enjoyed life because they had a lot of resources.

Economic Effects

Industrial Revolution uplifted the economy of Britain and it emerged as the richest country in the 18 th century. Since it got a lot of income from trade, it was able to expand its investments to other territories. Banks and other financial institutions developed tremendously. However, there was a huge economic set back in the colonies which were over exploited by the colonialists.

Political Effects

Industrial revolution was characterized by capitalism which brought about saturation of markets due to over production which could not much the level of demand. As the markets for goods reduced, trade barriers were introduced by various countries in order to safeguard their markets. European powers therefore had to seek colonies in order to get more markets. “This is what led to colonization of Africa and Asia in the 19 th century” (Hudson 189).

Industrial revolution was a gradual process which was affected by many challenges. Industrial revolution indeed brought many improvements in the life of mankind. This process did not come to an end at the beginning of the new century, but it continued spreading to other places.

Today many countries still strive to achieve their long term dream of getting industrialized. Sophisticated items and machines are currently being invented. I therefore envisage a better future for the human race because of the high rate of technological advancement.

Engels, Friedrich. The condition of the working class in Britain. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Hudson, Pat. The industrial revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Licht, Walter. Industrializing America: the nineteenth century (the American moment). New York: Wiley, 1995.

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IvyPanda . "Industrial Revolution’ Process and Challenges." December 25, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/industrial-revolution-3/.

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Home — Essay Samples — History — Industrial Revolution — Industrial Revolution & The Industrial Design Industry

Industrial Revolution & The Industrial Design Industry

• Categories: Design Industrial Revolution

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Words: 1204 |

Published: Jan 21, 2020

Words: 1204 | Pages: 3 | 7 min read

References:

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• Design Indaba. 2016. Benjamin Hubert. Design Indaba, nd. http://www.designindaba.com/profiles/benjamin-hubert (Accessed 21 September 2018)·
• Feedspot. 2018 .Minimalist Youtube Channels. Feedspot, June 27. [Blog] https://blog.feedspot.com/minimalist_youtube_channels/ (Accessed 26 September 2018)·
• Howarth, D. 2015. Benjamin Hubert rebrands studio as Layer and launches "crowdspeaking" campaign. Dezeen, September 9. https://www.dezeen.com/2015/09/09/benjamin-hubert-rebrands-studio-layer-interview-transcript/ (Accessed 24 September 2018)·
• Industry Design Society of America. nd. What is Industrial Design. IDSA, nd. http://www.idsa.org/events/what-id (Accessed 21 September 2018)·
• Jenny Mustard. 2018. Minimalist Apartment Tour ! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxRCmPHG9UI (Accessed 26 September 2018)·
• Layer. 2015. Worldbeing. Layer, nd. http://layerdesign.com/projects/worldbeing/ (Accessed 25 September 2018)·
• Layer. 2016. Go. Layer, nd.http://layerdesign.com/projects/go/ (Accessed 25 September 2018)·
• Layer. 2016. Go Gloves. Layer, nd. http://layerdesign.com/projects/go-gloves/ (Accessed 25 September 2018)· Layer. http://layerdesign.com/ (Accessed 21 September 2018)·
• Pick Up Limes. 2017. BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO VEGANISM » how to go vegan. [Youtube] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJxMsypwnqg (Accessed 26 September 2018)·
• Tedx Talks. 2016. The Art of Letting Go | The Minimalists | TEDxFargo. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7rewjFNiys (Accessed 26 September 2018)·
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Related Essays on Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution in America brought about significant changes that transformed the fabric of society in profound ways. From the late 18th to the early 19th century, industrialization revolutionized the economy, [...]

Mercantilism, a prevailing economic theory in Europe during the early modern period, emphasized the importance of accumulating wealth and power through favorable balances of trade. This economic philosophy guided state policies [...]

The Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 18th century and quickly spread to other parts of the world, brought about significant changes in the way goods were produced, leading to a shift from agrarian-based [...]

The printing revolution, which occurred in the 15th century with the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg, had a profound impact on society and the world as a whole. This technological advancement revolutionized [...]

The Industrial Revolution in England had a profound impact on the country’s economy, society, and culture. One of the key developments during this period was the rise of textile factories, which transformed the way cloth was [...]

Andrew Carnegie was a very wealthy and successful businessman in the steel industry who started as a poor immigrant from the United Kingdom who came to the United States hoping to turn his life around and seize an opportunity. [...]

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