powerpoint presentation hand hygiene

Presentation - World Hand Hygiene Day 2024

This presentation can be used to support healthcare workers to learn about the importance of hand hygiene on World Hand Hygiene Day.

This PowerPoint presentation provides a overview on hand hygiene and why it is important for patient and staff safety. 

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Hand Hygiene at School

Hand hygiene at school presentation, free google slides theme and powerpoint template.

Introducing the ultimate handwashing guide for kids! This Google Slides and PowerPoint template has been designed to teach children the importance of proper hand hygiene in a fun and practical way. With colorful visuals, step-by-step instructions, and engaging activities to check understanding, this template will make learning about hygiene a breeze. From singing songs to understanding how germs spread, this slide deck covers all the essential aspects of thorough and effective handwashing. Let's get started on the path to cleaner and healthier hands!

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Hand Hygiene Powerpoint Template

Hand Hygiene

Transcript: We use our hands to prepare food The purpose of this demonstration is to ensure hand washing competency for the required State testing standard. Use only when water is not available. Use only 3 times at the most, then wash your hands needs to have >60 alcohol. Rub your hands until liquid is dry. Hand Hygiene Cuts, Broken skin 10 steps to hand washing Before We carry our children After Examine your hands. 5. Rub palm to palm fingers interlocked Using the restroom Blowing nose,coughing or sneezing Helping someone use the restroom or changing a diaper Touching a cut,sore or wound Caring for a sick person Removing medical equipment Always wash if your hands are visibily soiled. Examples Hand santizers Do you bite your nails? 6. Rub thumb area both hands hand wash or sanitize? 9. Dry hands Our hands are dangerous!! When should you wash your hands? Dry skin 2. Rub palm to palm Dr Semmelweis late 1800 discovered the link between hand washing and illness. later confirmed by Louis Pasteur. Are your nails too long or tooo short???? How are we going to keep our hands clean? Making food Touching a sick person Giving care to a person Before completing any health related procedure Applying medical equipment 10. Use towel to tur fucett off. the hands have it! Hand washing products 0. Wet hands and wrist area with water 3. Rub Right palm over Left top of hand 1. Apply soap enough to cover both hands. Nursing student demonstration Broken nails 4. Palm to palm with finger interlaced 7. rub fingers in palms of each hand What does washing hands have to fo with Flu season? Torn cuticles Hands are very important. 8. Rinse hands, making sure fingertips are facing down toward the drain. Examples We help those that need us Always wash hands when hands are visibly dirty. Do not use highly scented soaps. Antibacterial soaps are often used in hospital settings. Do you use nail polish or acrylic nails? We hold hands of a love one

HAND HYGIENE

Transcript: ...Sanitize your hands when soap and water is not available Lets Sanitize!! HOW ARE GERMS SPREAD? ...But if your hands are dirty you must wash your hands!!! WHY SHOULD I WASH MY HANDS ? Lets HAND HYGIENE http://www.toronto.ca/video/streaming/windowsmedia/health/cdc_handwashing.wmv HAND SANITIZE

Transcript: Before, during, and after preparing food Before eating food Before touching a cut or wound Steps Wet hands with clean, running water, turn off the tap and apply soap Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. be sure to lather that backs of your hands between your fingers, and under your nails. Scrub your hands for at least 20 sec. Rinse your hands Dry your hands with a clean towel or air dryer. Hand sanitizer Antibacterial hand wipes Coughing and sneezing Glogerm and Hand Washing Activity Ways to Preventing the Spread of Germs Split into 5 groups 1 Student applies glogerm Shake hands with other students Observe spread of germs Demonstrate hand washing and check with black light Hand Hygiene is used to: Clean your hands Kill germs Stop the spreading of germs Prevent yourself and others from getting sick Hand washing alternatives After using the toilet After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing After touching an animal or animal waste After touching garbage Petting animals Play ground Door knobs High fives Shaking hands Raw food Types of germs: Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protozoa What are Germs? Hand Hygiene What they do: Invade and replicate in the body Can cause fevers, colds, coughs, rashes, vomiting, and upset stomachs How do germs get on your hands? Bathrooms Floors Water fountains Sports equipment Coughing and sneezing into hands When should you wash your hands? How to wash your hands Coughing into sleeve Clean surfaces that you commonly come into contact with Fist bump Using a Kleenex Hand sanitizer use Washing hands with soap and water Why do you wash your hands?

Transcript: Yourself Patients and Families Other teammates Who's responsible for performing proper hand hygiene? What is hand hygiene? alcohol-based soap and water Statistics: The overall objective of WHO Understanding HCAI To understand the importance of hand hygiene How to identify hand hygiene practices to prevent the spread of diseases Having the knowledge of when to use Alcohol rubs vs. Soap and water Objectives WHO is WHO? World health organization Clean Care is Safer Care 1st global patient safety challenge launched Aimed at reducing health care-associated infection (HCAI) world wide Any Questions and/or concerns Thank You! When hands are visibly dirty Before eating After patient encounter After using the restroom After contact with wounds or broken skin Before patient encounter Before applying cosmetics, contact lenses and other similar products HAND HYGIENE Nadaline Bates, BA, MHA Candidate When to use Alcohol base: Apply the gel or foam to the palm of one hand Rub it over all surfaces or your hands and finger, until your hands are dry. (Nearly 20 seconds). PREVENTION IS PRIMARY Hand Hygiene Please complete survey How to use soap and water: For routine hand hygiene, us an alcohol-based product, such as gel or foam. Clean Hands/Safe Care When to use Soap and Water: HCAI: healthcare-associated infection. Impact: HCAI Prolongs hospital stay The Role of hand hygiene to reduce the burden of health care-associated infection Contaminated hands HCW's (healthcare workers) encounter difficulties in complying with hand hygiene Alcohol-based vs. Soap and Water? If hands are visibly dirty, use soap and water to wash hands first, and then use an alcohol-based product to complete the process http://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/tools/who_guidelines-handhygiene_summary.pdf How to use alcohol-based hand rub Hand hygiene video Wet your hands with water and apply soap Rub your hands until lather forms. Make sure to scrub the backs of your hands, between your fingers and under the nails Scrub hand for a least 20 seconds (Hint sing the "Happy Birthday" song two times.) Dry your hands using a paper towel. then use the towel to turn off the water and to open the door.

Transcript: Anti-Microbial Soap & Water Gloves + Hand Hygiene = Clean Hands OR When to use which? Glove use does not replace any hand hygiene action! Keep natural nails to less than 1/4 inch beyond fingertips Try to limit to one simple ring on each hand Healthcare Associated Infections Making Changes Nails & Bling Hand Hygiene Clean hands are the single most important factor in preventing the spread of pathogens and antibiotic resistance in health care settings An infection occurring in a patient during the process of care in a hospital or other health-care facility which was not present or incubating at the time of admission Ensure you've applied an adequate amount of soap/Handrub. Moments Campaign CDC classifies HAI as one of their "Winnable Battles" But average compliance rate is around 49% In 2002, CDC changed the standard healthcare hand hygiene procedure to Alcohol Based Handrub Wash hands with soap and water when bare hands are visibly dirty (and after using restroom). After caring for a client with known or suspected infectious diarrhea (C. diff, norovirus, etc) Importance Application time of hand hygiene and reduction of bacterial contamination HAIs kill more people per year than AIDS, prostate cancer, and breast cancer combined. Policies Thank You! Alcohol- Based Handrub # Perform hand hygiene immediately before and after gloves Methods Gloves - Hand Hygiene = Germ Transmission Faster (40-60s vs 20-30s) More effective More likely to be done Better tolerated on skin Gloves=No hand hygiene needed References Centers for Disease Control (2002). Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. MMWR 2002 51 (RR16);1-44. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5116a1.htm World Health Organization (2009). WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health-Care. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241597906_eng.pdf World Health Organization (2012). Hand Hygiene in Outpatient and Home-based Care and Long-term Care Facilities: A Guide to the Application of the WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy and the “My Five Moments for Hand Hygiene” Approach http://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/hh_guide.pdf Klevens MR, Edwards JR, Richards CL (2007). Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals. Public Health Reports March/April 2007 (122) http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/hai/infections_deaths.pdf A "Culture" of Hand Hygiene Huge $$$ burden on healthcare system Increasing antibiotic resistance In hospitals, affects 1 in 20 patients Details VS.

Transcript: A life lost among many How to wash your hands •Wet your hands with running water. •Apply liquid, bar or powder soap. •Lather well. •Rub your hands vigorously for at least 20 seconds. Remember to scrub all surfaces, including the backs of your hands, wrists, between your fingers and under your fingernails. •Rinse well. •Dry your hands with a clean or disposable towel or air dryer. •If possible, use your towel to turn off the faucet. $1.25 Headline 5 “Clean Care is Safer Care” is not a choice but a basic right. Clean hands prevent patient suffering and save lives. Tuesday, August 26, 2014 Hand hygiene, a very simple action, is well accepted to be one of the primary modes of reducing HCAI (Health Care-Associated Infections) and of enhancing patient safety. Hand Hygiene Subtitle Health care-associated infections affect hundreds of millions of patients worldwide every year. Infections lead to more serious illness, prolong hospital stays, induce long-term disabilities, add high costs to patients and their families, contribute to a massive, additional financial burden on the health-care system and, critically, often result in tragic loss of life. Hand hygiene is the primary measure proven to be effective in preventing HCAI and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. However, it has been shown that HCWs encounter difficulties in complying with hand hygiene indications at different levels. A Call to Action Vol XCIII, No. 311 NEWSPAPER HEADLINE

Transcript: they're the front line good compliance knowledgeable priorities limited by workload in contact with many patients on a regular basis low compliance with hand washing there was no clear set of guidelines to follow for compliance HAND HYGIENE Similarities: awareness without practice lower compliance in afternoon high compliance in morning Doctor Mackenzie Occupational Therapist Megan Similarities: mutual agreement on importance of hand hygiene and on more on-site hand washing stations Differences: doctors have clearer guidelines In Conclusion: hand washing needs to become more prevalent more training for health care workers, with incentives it is an inter-professional issue with room for improvement not in hospital setting automated systems verbal and visual cues for handwashing independence Physiotherapist & Doctor Similarities: both understand its importance same values Differences: nurses focus on efficiency and their own hygiene OT focuses on long term improvement with the patient independence Pharmacist & Physiotherapist Isolation Room Experiment: only pharmacists used hand hygiene prior to entry no one washed post Interviews: lack of personal responsibility for hand hygiene most looked to doctors for setting examples patient oriented, keep patients safe clear guidelines of expectations effected by availability they see themselves as role models ban on artifical nails Questions? Similarities: patient-centered care same environment Differences: nurses have more training more knowledge Occupational Therapist & Pharmacist Pharmacist Hope Doctor & Nurse Similarities: both concerned with improving hand hygiene, increasing compliance, and ease of access Difference: OT is within the home Nurse Nina Physiotherapist Andrea Comparisons Nurse & Occupational Therapist

Transcript: HADM 209 HAND HYGIENE Priyanka Abraham CURRENT SCENARIO CURRENT SCENARIO Average compliance in US hospitals: <50% - Overall <37% - ICUs and EDs Stop spread of germs. MDROs. Prevent HAIs (1 in 25 hospital patients/day). Source: McGuckin, M. et al. (2009). High variation among HC proffesionals Sustaining the compliance Multi-Faceted Approach Patient Empowerment Monitoring Promote Leadership MULTI-FACETED APPROACH Direct Observation Auditing Camera-based Volume Measurement In-service Screen Savers Posters Admission Cards Posters Communication On-going Commitment Improving by Reporting Improving by Reporting (Source: Institute for Healthcare Improvement) CHALLENGES #1 #2 #3 #4 CHALLENGES Behavior change Buy-In Roll-out/ Implementation Feedback INTERNATIONAL HH TOOLS INTERNATIONAL HH TOOLS Source: World Health Organisation. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FINANCIAL ASPECTS Hospitals penalised for HAIs in 2015 FINANCIAL ASPECT 721 $15k Average Cost/ Per Hospital Annual Cost of Hospital Related Infections in U.S $28.4B Other $$ Savings CONCLUSION Conclusion #1 #2 #3 Customize Culture Change Technology

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Hand Hygiene PowerPoint Template and Google Slides

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Lessons learned in hand hygiene after COVID-19: An expert weighs in

When Shanina Knighton began pursuing her doctorate in nursing in 2013, she set out to seek evidence to support a theory. She’d noticed that, during the H1N1 pandemic, patient hand hygiene wasn’t prioritized the same way it was for healthcare providers.

Her take? Prioritizing this practice among patients as well would keep germs at bay and prevent disease spread in hospital settings. 

Knighton decided she would give herself four years to study her theory and, if it didn’t pan out, she would let it go.

She didn’t have to. Her research demonstrated patients carry pathogens on their hands and thus a greater need for patients to be able to self-manage hand hygiene during inpatient stays. Ever since, Knighton, now an adjunct associate professor at Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing , worked to understand barriers patients face and uncover new methods to promote better hygiene practices, recently pivoting to technological solutions.

Her research came center stage in 2020 when another pandemic, COVID-19, overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide and reinforced the need for better patient hand hygiene practices and policies.

In recognition of World Hand Hygiene Day (May 5), we spoke with Knighton to learn more about reminders and takeaways from the COVID-19 pandemic when it comes to cleaning your hands. Read on to learn Knighton’s thoughts.

Answers have been lightly edited for clarity and length.

1. When in doubt, go back to the basics.

We focus sometimes so much on the big things that we forget the simple things. Hand hygiene is known to be the cheapest, safest and most effective way to prevent the spread of germs that can lead to infections. We know we should clean our hands for 25 to 30 seconds, and it’s recommended that commonly used songs such as “Happy Birthday” are used to mark the time.

People should clean the front and back of their hands, the webs of their hands. They should scrub their fingers, clean thoroughly up under jewelry, and clean their wrists.

What I find ironic [following COVID-19], is I do not see an improvement in hand hygiene behavior because, unfortunately, so much emphasis was put on vaccines and masks that we still forgot that even with those protective measures, germs still can be transmitted by way of hands.

2. Remember germs are everywhere.

[Even during a pandemic], we’re still going to need to all touch the same elevator buttons. We’re going to touch the same escalators, we may hold on to the same rails, and there are too many commonly touched items that connect us all, even when opening up a door.

When we have a better understanding of that, we become more mindful of the important times when we should be cleaning our hands instead of just the act of cleaning our hands.

3. Don’t forget to dry your hands.

As much emphasis as we place on washing, there should also be a heavy emphasis on drying. Wet hands have the ability to pick up bacteria [that lead to] viruses and fungus, so drying is a crucial part of hand washing. 

Drying your hands helps ensure the same hands that you just cleaned are not picking up more harmful germs, or are at least less likely to pick up more harmful germs than if the hands were still wet or damp.

4. Hand hygiene isn’t always equitable.

COVID-19 showed us that we’re more connected than we are separated, and that when we are talking about hospital care, we also have to be talking about community care and what those resources look like.

It also taught us that hand hygiene may not necessarily always be equitable, meaning that we saw times when there were shortages of hand sanitizer and people had to make it. There were shortages of soaps, and people had to either make them or learn to clean their hands without these materials. 

So I think it also taught us to think through infection, prevention and control in an equitable way without making the assumption that everyone has access to proper materials to clean their hands.

5. Hand hygiene can be taken on the go.

There are options for taking hand hygiene with you, but there are factors to keep in mind. Don’t leave hand sanitizer in a hot car because it’s combustible—believe it or not. And, unfortunately, if it’s not at room temperature, then there’s no guarantee that you’re going to get the efficacy of the hand sanitizer. You should also be mindful that hand sanitizers do have expiration dates.

I actually am focusing a lot more in recent days on public health work and am even looking at overlooked germs such as steering wheels in cars. So many people get in the car and then eat different foods. They’re coming from public environments, and they’re bringing the public right into what I call the “second home.” I describe our cars to be our second home because it’s what gets us from point A to Point B, and so we essentially contaminate our second home. 

So steering wheels can contain a lot of germs. And unfortunately, a lot of people end up sick because they don’t think about the connection between touching their steering wheel and simultaneously trying to eat on the go.

• Preferences

Hand Hygiene - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

• Hand Hygiene

Hand Hygiene for Clinical staff What is it????? History of Hand Hygiene Doctors in Mesopotamia (circa 1750BC) lost their hands Disciples of Jesus lost their seat ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

• for Clinical staff
• Hand Hygiene is
• A process to reduce the number of micro-organisms on hands by
• using soap and water to wash and dry hands thoroughly
• using waterless hand rubs( eg. Alcohol based hand rub)
• Doctors in Mesopotamia (circa 1750BC) lost their hands
• Disciples of Jesus lost their seat
• Semmelweiss lost his mind
• Onlookers encouraged to have a feel
• House of Crime
• Ruining medical practice..
• Flo cleanliness over Godliness
• Hand hygiene is generally poorly adhered to across the board from all levels of Health Care Workers
• Most staff underestimate the time and frequency they spend on hand hygiene
• What about you????
• Healthcare associated pathogens are most often transmitted from patient to patient on the hands of healthcare workers.
• Cleaning your hands before after touching a patient is one of the most important measures for preventing the spread of micro organisms.
• 7-10 of patients will acquire 1 or more healthcare acquired infections (HCAIs)
• Contributes to 7,000 deaths per annum
• Fed Gov. spends gt950M AUD annually on HCAIs
• Av. HCAI cost 3500 increases LOS 4days
• MRSA BSI approx 22,000 - high mortality rates 35
• Increased LOS 14 days. gt108M AUD/annum
• Surgical site infections cost gt268M AUD/annum
• Enormous problem Approx. 6.1 infections/100pts
• Majority are preventable
• SourceAustralian Council for Quality and Safety in Healthcare July 2003
• Yung, McDonald, Spelman, Street Johnson 2001
• Victorian Surveillance System (VICNISS) Coordinating Centre Data 2007
• Austin/Geneva template
• VQC project
• 6 Vic Pilot sites
• Over 2 years
• Pilots HH compliance increased from 21 to 47
• Pilots saved 1.2M with 53 less than predicted MRSA BSI
• (statistically significant)
• Statewide Roll out
• 76 hospitals over 12 months
• Stage 1 HH compliance increased from 18 to 51
• Stage 2 HH compliance increased from 21 to 54
• Reduction in both MRSA isolates and MRSA BSIs
• National HH Initiative
• Reduce HCAIs
• Change attitudes/culture
• Collect HH compliance data 3 audits per year
• Collect SAB data
• HH products to be available in all public areas
• Develop consumer targeted HH campaign to raise awareness and expectations
• Sustain HH culture change
• Benchmark HH compliance nationally and internationally
• Strong organisational leadership
• Leadership at every departmental level
• HH champions
• Mandatory annual HH on line learning package for all new and current employees
• Make HH core business for all HCWs
• Long term-open public reporting
• Hand hygiene is everyones responsibility
• Hand hygiene compliance
• Data collection
• Data analysis
• Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia
• measurement of total MRSA/MSSA isolates bacteraemia per 100 separations and/or 1000 occupied bed days per month
• All collected locally by facility, by state and nationally with benchmarking possible with countries participating in the WHO Clean care is Safer Care initiative
• Takes too long
• Skin irritation
• Sinks poorly located
• I only touched it a little bit
• I meant too/I thought I did
• I will next time
• I didnt know you were watching
• Isopropyl Alcohol impregnated wipes/detergent wipes
• Alcoholic Chlorhexidine hand rubs(ABHR)
• Compatible moisturiser
• Reduces bacterial count on hands
• More effective for standard hand wash
• Reduces adverse outcomes and cost associated with HAIs
• Requires less time
• Less irritating contain an emollient
• Can be readily accessible/portable
• When hands are NOT visibly soiled
• Before and after touching a patient
• After glove use
• After contact with inanimate objects
• CDC Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings,2002
• HH means either
• using soap and water to wash with thorough drying
• when your hands are visibly soiled
• using a waterless hand rubs
• ( eg. ABHR)
• when your hands are visibly clean
• Gloves should be used as an adjunct to, not a substitute for hand hygiene.
• Hand hygiene is to be used before after all glove use.
• Gloves need to be changed ABHR used after each pt procedure and when going from dirty to clean sites even on the same patient.
• Disposable gloves are to be used once only and not disinfected or washed.
• Use the alcohol impregnated wipes/detergent wipes on all shared non critical equipment
• Think about product placement to encourage use e.g near keyboards, on trolleys, in clinic areas,therapy rooms
• To develop maintain an ongoing education programme to initiate sustain hand hygiene behaviour change.
• We are all role models all the time
• All our patients/clients/residents deserve to see us clean our hands
• Lead by example
• Influence of role Models on hand hygiene of healthcare workers
• Healthcare workers in a room with senior staff member or peer who DID NOT wash hands were significantly less likely to wash their own hands it read
• EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES FEB 2003
• Health care workers
• Patients/Clients/Residents
• Place HH products in high traffic areas
• Educate everyone to use before and after each session/appointment
• Remember many patients are bed bound and cant get up to perform HH so offer ABHR or soap and water basin and towel
• After a bed pan/urinal
• Before their meals
• After a physiotherapy session
• Before they retire for the night
• Before visiting hours
• Whenever they ask.
• Used minimum of 3 times per shift
• At coffee break
• At meal breaks
• At home time
• All HCWs to use hospital supplied compatible moisturiser(boys included)
• Think about the whole 24 hours
• Your skin is your 1st line of defence against infections
• Cover cuts, scratches, rashes with an water proof dressing
• Keep wounds clean
• Dont pick sores
• Dont touch open wounds
• Wear gloves the garden
• Wear gloves for the dishes
• Dont bite your fingernails
• Keep nails short
• No chipped polish
• No acrylic nails in clinical areas
• Limit jewellery worn to work
• Jewellery should not inhibit your ability to correctly perform HH
• At work we are in close contact with each other
• Have clean hands before you start
• Wipe down shared equipment e.g keyboards, phones,torches etc
• Wipe your lanyard daily
• Stay home if ill
• SUSTAINABILITY
• This is not just an Infection Control problem it belongs to the whole hospital
• Look after your skin
• Remind others to practice healthy hands habits
• Use moisturiser (boys included)
• Wear gloves
• Dont bite your nails
• Make it an effective wash
• Stay healthy
• 1. Pittet D,Boyce J.Hand Hygiene and patient care pursuing the Semmelweiss legacy.
• The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2001April9-20
• 2. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in health care settings recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIA/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task force,
• Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 200251(No.RR-16)
• 3. Victorian Quality Council Hand Hygiene Project. A practical model for implementing hand hygiene in hospitals. Austin Health Coordinating centre, First edition 2004.
• 4. History of infection Control and its Contributions to the Development and Success of Brain Tumour Operations. Miller et al, 2005. Medscape article
• 5.Larsen EL.APIC Guideline Committee.APIC guideline for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health care settings. Am J Infect control 199523251-69
• 6. HHA, 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene, Advanced draft, version 4,2008

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Hand Hygiene

Jul 30, 2014

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Hand Hygiene. DA 116 Infection Control. The importance of Hand asepsis:. First and most important step in infection control Think about as hand hygiene rather than hand washing It’s not what you wash with, but how you wash that counts. Hand Hygiene Definitions:.

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Hand Hygiene DA 116 Infection Control

The importance of Hand asepsis: • First and most important step in infection control • Think about as hand hygiene rather than hand washing • It’s not what you wash with, but how you wash that counts

Hand Hygiene Definitions: • Handwashing: washing hands with plain soap and water • Antiseptic handwash: washing hands with soap and water or other detergents containing an antiseptic agent • Alcohol-based handrub: rubbing hands with an alcohol containing preparation • Surgical antisepsis: handwashing with an antiseptic soap or an alcohol-based handrub before operations, by surgical personnel

Microorganisms found on the Hands: • Resident: • Always present • Located several layers beneath the skin surface • Washing only slightly decreases the number • Transient: • Results from and lead to cross-contamination • Located on skin surface • Hand washing or hand rubbing can remove

As studies have shown, our fingernails house the highest level of pathogens on our hands.  The area under the fingernail has at least 75 times more microorganisms per density than anywhere else on the hands. Location on hands Density of microorganisms (CFU = colony-forming units) 61,368 CFU 847 CFU 250 CFU 223 CFU 89 CFU 1. Under fingernails 2. Palm of hands 3. Back of hands 4. Between fingers 5. Top of fingernails

Traditionally: • Basic hand hygiene involved: • Mechanically wash with soap and water • Rinse and dry thoroughly • Keep hands clean • Consider skin integrity ( check for cuts and openings in the skin)

Today: • We have a choice of methods: • Hand-washing: • Requires: Antibacterial soap, water and a sink • This process is used when hands are visibly dirty or contaminated • Start of day; before breaks; after breaks; end of day • Hand-rubbing: • Requires: Alcohol based gel, liquid or lotion • This process is used if you want to reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin, but not when the hands are visibly dirty

Using a Hand sanitizer • Good alternative to handwashing when: • Hands not visibly soiled • Sanitizer has 60% or more alcohol content • Not recommended for food preparation

Microorganisms on hands after routine handwashing

What about fingernails??? • CDC recommendations: • Short with smooth, filed edges • Nail polish NOT recommended: • Chipped polish harbors added bacteria • Bright colors (red) show through gloves and may alarm patients • Note: jewelry is not recommended for same reasons • Artificial nails: • Not recommended • Usually too long • Create an environment for microbial growth • Nail polish on them add to the problems • Longer nails can tear gloves or make gloves not fit well • Longer nails can prevent effective clinical skills

Hand Care for healthy intact skin • Improper handwashing can lead to dry, irritated skin • Use cool to lukewarm water NOT HOT • Dry thoroughly after washing • Caution with hand lotions and moisturizers • Products with petroleum can weaken gloves and cause pinholes in them • Select products specific for healthcare workers

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Lessons learned in hand hygiene after COVID-19: An expert weighs in

W hen Shanina Knighton began pursuing her doctorate in nursing in 2013, she set out to prove a theory. She'd noticed that, during the H1N1 pandemic, patient hand hygiene wasn't prioritized the same way it was for health care providers.

Her take? Prioritizing this practice among patients as well would keep germs at bay and prevent disease spread in hospital settings.

Knighton decided she would give herself four years to prove her theory and, if it didn't pan out, she would let it go.

She didn't have to. Her research demonstrated a greater need for patients to be able to self-manage hand hygiene during inpatient stays. Ever since, Knighton, now an adjunct associate professor at Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, worked to understand barriers patients face and uncover new methods to promote better hygiene practices, recently pivoting to technological solutions.

Her research came center stage in 2020 when another pandemic, COVID-19, overwhelmed health care systems worldwide and reinforced the need for better practices.

In recognition of World Hand Hygiene Day (May 5), we spoke with Knighton to learn more about reminders and takeaways from the COVID-19 pandemic when it comes to washing your hands. Read on to learn Knighton's thoughts.

Answers have been lightly edited for clarity and length.

1. When in doubt, go back to the basics

We focus sometimes so much on the big things that we forget the simple things. Hand hygiene is known to be the cheapest, safest and most effective way to prevent the spread of germs that can lead to infections.

We know we should clean our hands for 25 to 30 seconds, and it's recommended that commonly used songs such as "Happy Birthday" are used to mark the time.

People should clean the front and back of their hands, the webs of their hands. They should scrub their fingers, clean thoroughly up under jewelry, and clean their wrists.

What I find ironic [following COVID-19], is I do not see an improvement in hand hygiene behavior because, unfortunately, so much emphasis was put on vaccines and masks that we still forgot that even with those protective measures, germs still can be transmitted by way of hands.

2. Remember germs are everywhere

[Even during a pandemic], we're still going to need to all touch the same elevator buttons. We're going to touch the same escalators, we may hold on to the same rails, and there are too many commonly touched items that connect us all, even when opening up a door.

When we have a better understanding of that, we become more mindful of the important times when we should be cleaning our hands instead of just the act of cleaning our hands.

3. Don't forget to dry your hands

As much emphasis as we place on washing, there should also be a heavy emphasis on drying. Wet hands have the ability to pick up bacteria [that lead to] viruses and fungus, so drying is a crucial part of hand washing.

Drying your hands helps ensure the same hands that you just cleaned are not picking up more harmful germs, or are at least less likely to pick up more harmful germs than if the hands were still wet or damp.

4. Hand hygiene isn't always equitable

COVID-19 showed us that we're more connected than we are separated, and that when we are talking about hospital care, we also have to be talking about community care and what those resources look like.

It also taught us that hand hygiene may not necessarily always be equitable, meaning that we saw times when there were shortages of hand sanitizer and people had to make it. There were shortages of soaps, and people had to either make them or learn to clean their hands without these materials.

So I think it also taught us to think through infection, prevention and control in an equitable way without making the assumption that everyone has access to proper materials to clean their hands.

5. Hand hygiene can be taken on the go

There are options for taking hand hygiene with you, but there are factors to keep in mind. Don't leave hand sanitizer in a hot car because it's combustible—believe it or not. And, unfortunately, if it's not at room temperature, then there's no guarantee that you're going to get the efficacy of the hand sanitizer. You should also be mindful that hand sanitizers do have expiration dates.

I actually am focusing a lot more in recent days on public health work and am even looking at steering wheel hygiene in cars. So many people get in the car and then eat different foods. They're coming from public environments, and they're bringing the public right into what I call the "second home." I describe our cars to be our second home because it's what gets us from point A to Point B, and so we essentially contaminate our second home.

So steering wheels can contain a lot of germs. And unfortunately, a lot of people end up sick because they don't think about the connection between touching their steering wheel and simultaneously trying to eat on the go.

Provided by Case Western Reserve University