my state essay in english

My Gujarat Essay in English – Download Free PDF

Published by team sy on april 5, 2024 april 5, 2024.

My Gujarat Essay in English: Discover the essence of Gujarat through a captivating exploration in this essay. Delve into the vibrant tapestry of culture, heritage, and achievements that define this western Indian state. From its diverse landscapes to its rich history, Gujarat beckons with a blend of tradition and modernity. Join us on a journey through “My Gujarat” and uncover the unique charm of this remarkable region.

Table of Contents

My Gujarat Essay in English

Gujarat is a western state of India, known for its diversity, rich heritage, and remarkable achievements. It is a land of contrasts, with a diverse landscape ranging from the stunning Rann of Kutch to the lush Gir Forest, home to the majestic Asiatic lions. Gujarat is also a treasure trove of history and culture, being the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation.

One of the most striking features of Gujarat is its geographical diversity. The state boasts a diverse landscape, from the arid Rann of Kutch to the lush Gir Forest, which is home to the majestic Asiatic lions. Gujarat is also known for its vibrant culture and colorful festivals, with Navratri being one of the most celebrated.

Gujarat is also a gastronomic delight, with a variety of delicious vegetarian dishes that have earned it a special place in the culinary world. Dhokla, Thepla, and Khandvi are just a few examples of the mouth-watering dishes that are unique to Gujarat.

The economic growth of Gujarat is also impressive, with the state being home to some of India’s largest industrial hubs, including the bustling city of Ahmedabad. The people of Gujarat are known for their warmth and hospitality, whether you are exploring the bustling markets of Ahmedabad or visiting a rural village, you will always find a friendly smile and a welcoming gesture.

The spirit of unity and harmony among its diverse communities is truly heartwarming. Gujarat is a place where tradition and modernity coexist in perfect harmony, with its natural beauty, rich heritage, delectable cuisine, and economic prosperity making it a remarkable state in every aspect.

In conclusion, Gujarat is not just a geographical location, but an embodiment of India’s diversity and unity, a source of pride for every Indian. It is a place where you can experience the richness of Indian culture, history, and tradition, and also witness the progress and development of a modern and prosperous state.

My Gujarat Essay in English 50 Words

Gujarat, a vibrant state in western India, is a blend of rich heritage, diverse landscapes, and economic prosperity. From the Rann of Kutch to the Gir Forest, it offers a unique mix of culture and tradition. Known for its delicious cuisine and warm hospitality, Gujarat stands as a shining example of India’s unity in diversity.

Maru Gujarat Essay in English

Maru Gujarat, which means “My Gujarat,” is a term that reflects the love and pride of the people of Gujarat for their state. Gujarat is a western state in India, known for its rich culture, history, and diversity. It is the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, and is home to many historic capitals and temple towns. The state is renowned for its sculpture, handicrafts, and arts festivals, which make it rich in culture and heritage.

Gujarat has a unique climate and soil that does not favor agricultural activities, but the state is rich in minerals. Gujarati is the main language spoken in the state, and it is one of the richest states in India. Maru Gujarat is a popular online educational platform in Gujarat, India, that provides educational resources and information to students in the state. It is a trusted source for job seekers and students looking to stay informed and ahead in their careers.

In summary, Maru Gujarat is a term that embodies the love and pride of the people of Gujarat for their state. Gujarat is a state rich in culture, history, and diversity, with a unique climate and soil that does not favor agricultural activities. However, the state is rich in minerals and is one of the richest states in India. Maru Gujarat is a popular online educational platform that provides educational resources and information to students and job seekers in the state, making it a trusted source for staying informed and ahead in their careers.

My State Gujarat Essay in English

Gujarat, a state in western India, is a land of incredible diversity, rich heritage, and remarkable achievements. From its vibrant culture to its thriving economy, Gujarat exemplifies progress and tradition coexisting harmoniously. The state’s geographical diversity, from the stunning Rann of Kutch to the lush Gir Forest, adds to its allure. Gujarat, the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi, is known for its colorful festivals like Navratri and its gastronomic delights such as dhokla and thepla. The state’s economic growth, with industrial hubs like Ahmedabad, reflects its prosperity. Gujarat’s unity among diverse communities and the coexistence of tradition and modernity make it a remarkable state embodying India’s diversity and unity.

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My State Gujarat Essay – Short Essay, 10 Lines, 500 & 1000 Words

My State Gujarat Essay in English: Explore the cultural tapestry, historical richness, and vibrant landscapes of Gujarat in this illuminating essay .

Uncover the state’s diverse heritage, from ancient civilizations to modern-day developments, and delve into its artistic traditions, festivals, and iconic landmarks.

This comprehensive article of My State Gujarat Essay offers a captivating journey through Gujarat, providing insights into its unique identity, economic significance, and the warmth of its people, presenting a vivid portrayal of the dynamic and multifaceted state.

Short Essay on My State Gujarat in 100 Words

Table of Contents

My State Gujarat Essay in 10 Lines

Embark on a cultural odyssey through Gujarat in this essay, exploring its rich history, diverse traditions, iconic landmarks, economic significance, and the warmth of its people in a concise and captivating narrative.

Geography: Gujarat, located on India’s western coast, is characterized by diverse landscapes, including coastal areas and fertile plains.
Historical Significance: It holds historical importance, being home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, showcasing a rich heritage.
Cultural Vibrancy: Gujarat’s cultural fabric is vivid, with festivals like Navratri celebrated with traditional dance forms like Garba.
Economic Powerhouse: The state is an industrial hub, excelling in sectors such as textiles and chemicals, contributing significantly to India’s economy.
Landmarks: Iconic landmarks like the Sabarmati Ashram and the Gir Forest enhance Gujarat’s cultural and natural appeal.
Culinary Delights: The cuisine, featuring popular dishes like Dhokla and Thepla, reflects Gujarat’s diverse and delectable culinary traditions.
Religious Diversity: Gujarat is home to various religious sites, showcasing a harmonious blend of different faiths and beliefs.
Modern Development: Balancing tradition with modernity, Gujarat is a testament to India’s evolving landscape and economic growth.
Tourist Attractions: The state attracts tourists with its vibrant markets, historical sites, and a variety of cultural experiences.
Warm Hospitality: Known for its warm and welcoming people, Gujarat offers a glimpse into the heart of India’s cultural and historical richness.

Also See – Essay on Karnataka – 100, 500, 1000 Words, 10 Lines

Short Essay on My State Gujarat in 100 Words of English

Explore the cultural richness and economic vitality of Gujarat in this concise essay, capturing the essence of the state’s history, traditions, and modern development.

Gujarat, located on India’s western coast, is a tapestry of cultural heritage and economic prowess. Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, it boasts vibrant festivals like Navratri, showcasing traditional dance forms like Garba.

Renowned for industrial excellence in textiles and chemicals, Gujarat is a key contributor to India’s economy. Iconic landmarks, including the Sabarmati Ashram and the Gir Forest, add to its allure.

The cuisine, featuring delights like Dhokla, reflects the state’s diverse culinary traditions. Balancing tradition with modernity, Gujarat stands as a dynamic and culturally rich state.

My State Gujarat Essay in 500 Words

Dive into the heart of Gujarat’s cultural tapestry, historical significance, economic prowess, and vibrant traditions in this comprehensive 500-word My State Gujarat Essay

Gujarat, situated along the western coast of India, is a fascinating blend of history, culture, and economic dynamism. As the birthplace of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, its historical significance is deeply rooted. The state’s cultural vibrancy is exemplified by its lively festivals, most notably Navratri, during which the traditional dance form of Garba takes center stage.

Economically, Gujarat stands as a powerhouse. It leads in various industries, with textiles and chemicals being notable sectors, contributing significantly to the national economy. The entrepreneurial spirit of its people has played a pivotal role in establishing Gujarat as an industrial hub.

One cannot explore Gujarat without encountering its iconic landmarks. The Sabarmati Ashram, associated with Mahatma Gandhi, serves as a pilgrimage site for those seeking insights into India’s freedom struggle. The Gir Forest, home to the majestic Asiatic lions, is a testament to the state’s rich biodiversity.

Gujarati cuisine is a culinary delight that reflects the state’s diverse and delectable food traditions. From the iconic Dhokla to the comforting warmth of Thepla, each dish tells a tale of Gujarat’s gastronomic richness.

The state is a melting pot of religious diversity, hosting various temples, mosques, and churches. This harmonious coexistence of different faiths is a testament to Gujarat’s inclusive ethos.

In recent decades, Gujarat has undergone rapid modern development, achieving a balance between preserving its rich cultural heritage and embracing contemporary progress. The state has become synonymous with infrastructural growth, technological advancements, and urban development.

Tourists flock to Gujarat for its vibrant markets, historical sites, and a variety of cultural experiences. Whether exploring the intricacies of traditional handicrafts or marveling at the architectural grandeur of historic monuments, Gujarat offers a plethora of attractions.

Beyond the tangible aspects, it is the warm hospitality of the people that truly defines Gujarat. Visitors are welcomed with open arms, and the spirit of community is evident in every corner of the state.

In conclusion, Gujarat is more than just a geographical entity; it is a living tapestry woven with threads of history, culture, and economic vitality. From the ancient roots of the Indus Valley Civilization to the contemporary strides in industry and technology, Gujarat stands as a testament to the resilience and dynamism of its people. It is a state where tradition and modernity coalesce, creating a vibrant mosaic that continues to evolve while preserving the essence of its rich heritage.

My State Gujarat Essay in English in 1000 Words

Embark on a comprehensive exploration of Gujarat’s cultural heritage, historical significance, economic prowess, and vibrant traditions in this detailed 1000-word essay.

Gujarat: A Tapestry of Tradition, Progress, and Diversity

Introduction

Gujarat, nestled along India’s western coast, is a state that transcends time, weaving together a rich historical legacy, cultural vibrancy, economic dynamism, and a unique blend of traditions. This essay embarks on a comprehensive journey through Gujarat, exploring its diverse facets that contribute to its multifaceted identity.

Historical Tapestry

Gujarat’s historical significance dates back to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. This section delves into the archaeological treasures and traces the roots of Gujarat’s cultural heritage to the Indus Valley, highlighting the state’s pivotal role in shaping the early civilizations of the Indian subcontinent.

Cultural Vibrancy: Festivals and Traditions

Gujarat’s cultural vibrancy comes to life through its festivals, with Navratri taking center stage. This section explores the colorful tapestry of traditions during Navratri, especially the traditional dance form of Garba, showcasing how these celebrations become an integral part of the state’s identity.

Economic Powerhouse: Industrial Excellence

Gujarat stands tall as an economic powerhouse, contributing significantly to India’s economy. Focusing on key industries like textiles and chemicals, this section explores the state’s industrial landscape, its entrepreneurial spirit, and the role it plays in shaping the nation’s economic trajectory.

Icons of Gujarat: Landmarks and Wildlife

Gujarat boasts iconic landmarks that echo its historical and cultural narratives. The Sabarmati Ashram, associated with Mahatma Gandhi, and the Gir Forest, home to the Asiatic lions, are explored in detail, shedding light on their cultural and ecological significance.

Culinary Delights: Flavors of Gujarat

Gujarati cuisine, renowned for its flavors and variety, forms a significant part of the state’s identity. This section delves into the gastronomic delights of Gujarat, from the iconic Dhokla to the comforting warmth of Thepla, offering a taste of the state’s diverse and delectable culinary traditions.

Religious Harmony: Places of Worship

Gujarat is a testament to religious harmony, hosting temples, mosques, churches, and more. This section explores the diverse religious landscape of the state, emphasizing the coexistence and mutual respect among different faiths.

Modern Development: Balancing Tradition and Progress

In recent decades, Gujarat has witnessed rapid modern development, balancing its rich cultural heritage with contemporary progress. This section delves into the state’s infrastructural growth, technological advancements, and urban development, showcasing how Gujarat strides confidently into the future.

Tourist Attractions: Exploring Gujarat’s Diversity

Tourism in Gujarat is a journey through vibrant markets, historical sites, and cultural experiences. This section highlights the attractions that draw tourists, from traditional handicrafts to architectural marvels, providing a comprehensive view of Gujarat’s diverse offerings.

Warmth of Gujarat: Hospitality and Community

Beyond tangible aspects, the essay explores the intangible warmth and hospitality that define Gujarat. The section sheds light on the open arms with which visitors are welcomed, reflecting the spirit of community that permeates every corner of the state.

Conclusion: Gujarat – A Living Mosaic

In conclusion, Gujarat emerges not merely as a geographical entity but as a living mosaic, intricately woven with threads of history, culture, economic vitality, and religious harmony. From ancient civilizations to modern industrial hubs, from vibrant festivals to a harmonious blend of traditions, Gujarat stands as a testament to the resilience and dynamism of its people. This essay encapsulates the essence of a state that evolves with time yet retains the core of its rich heritage, creating a vibrant tapestry that continues to unfold through the ages.

Also See – Essay on Jammu and Kashmir- 10 Lines, 100, 500, 1000 Words

My State Gujarat Essay emerges as a dynamic state, seamlessly blending its rich historical tapestry with the vibrant hues of cultural celebrations and the progressive strokes of economic prowess. From the echoes of ancient civilizations to the modern rhythms of industrial growth, Gujarat’s identity is a harmonious composition.

This essay encapsulates a journey through time and traditions, revealing a state that, like a resilient tapestry, continues to weave its narrative with threads of resilience, diversity, and the spirit of progress.

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My State Gujarat Essay in English

My State Gujarat Essay in English , There are different states in India, where people of different religions and cultures live. Today, in this essay, I am going to talk about Gujarat, which is my state. I live in Ahmedabad city of Gujarat state. So, start reading: Gujarat is one of the most beautiful and developing states in the country. It is a state, which is located in the western part of India. My state shares its northwestern boundary with a neighboring country, Pakistan. Maharashtra , Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan are some of the neighboring states of Gujarat.

The capital city of my state is Gandhinagar. Talking about the big city of my state, it is none other than Ahmedabad, where I live. The best part about my city is that it is the major commercial hub of my state. Gujarat has a wide range of industries, which work in different sectors.

This is the main reason why my state is known to be the best-industrialized state in the country. Apart from that, my state is also known for its education. The reason is that there are lots of prestigious educational centers present in my state, which are popular in the entire country.

My Gujarat Essay in English

Gujarat, my state, is considered to be the state of Mahatma Gandhi, as he was born in Gujarat. My state was established on 1 May 1960. Previously, it was a part of Bombay. This is how my state came into existence, it got divided from the state of Bombay. My state began to consider an independent state by a person named Ravi Shankar Maharaj.

My state is known as a symbol of the values of Mahatma Gandhi. Ahmedabad was the first capital of my state, but now, the capital is Gandhinagar, which was named after Mahatma Gandhi.

Speaking of people living in my state, they all are friendly and cooperative by nature. People of all castes and religions live in my state without any kind of discrimination. The people of Gujarat state are popularly known as Gujarati. Here, we all celebrate festivals of all kinds and religions. The main language of Gujarat is Gujarati. As there are different regions in my state, this is why there is a huge variety of regional languages available.

The best part about the people of my state is that they are too festive. They like to celebrate each and every festival with lots of excitement and happiness. They start preparing the things for a festival before many days.

The festival of Navratri in Gujarat is famous not only in India, but even the entire world knows about it. International travelers come to my state and explore the festivities of my region. Apart from Navratri, other festivals including Uttarayan, Jagannath Rath Yatra, Mahoram, and Diwali are celebrated with enthusiasm.

When it comes to the geographical area of Gujarat, there are flat pains. It does not mean that my state does not have a mountain range. Of course, it has mountains. Moreover, there is also a desert area in my state. This is why Mahi, Narmada, and Sabarmati are several rivers, which flow in my state. Gujarat encompasses a coastline of about 1600km. people in Gujarat experience all kinds of climates.

My state, Gujarat, is also famous for Gir or Junagadh, which is the only lion sanctuary in Asia. There is a place known as Pavagadh, where Goddess Kalika sits on a hill and in Arasura, Goddess Ambaji gives blessings to people. As there are different tourist attractions in Gujarat, it attracts lots of travelers from different countries, as well as other states.

They can explore the beauty of the Kutch Desert and visit Nalsarovar. Lothal and Dholavira have an invaluable history legacy. The Statue of Unity and the Sardar Sarovar Dam are other tourist attractions in my state.

Essay on Gujarat in English

My state has gifted two leading leaders of the country, who have done a lot for the independence of the country. They were Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Mahatma Gandhi. Our country got its independence under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. At that time, the government also worked hard to save the country from getting divided into parts. This is why our country is known as an indivisible country.

When it comes to the education sector of Gujarat, my state has better and more modern educational centers, where students from other states come to get higher education. The educational sector of my state also pays attention to the enhancement of basic education. The state government of Gujarat has also introduced the district primary education program to focus on primary education.

The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda is the one and only English medium university in my state. This university got ranked 10th place by India Today in the list of the best universities in the country. It is a matter of pride for my state.

Aside from that, there are some other universities such as Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Gujarat University, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Saurashtra University, and Kutch University, Bhavnagar University, etc. are several leading universities in my state.

Gujarat is one of the highest producers of groundnut and cotton in the country. In my state, there are cash crops such as tobacco, cumin seeds, mangoes, sugarcane, and bananas. When it comes to milk production, my state has come to the top of the country. My state is also popular in the diamond industry. As there are plenty of industries in my state, this is why people of my state are also very industrious.

My state has a different range of famous foods. Some foods are Aam Ras, Gujarati Dal, Undhiyu, Gujarat Thali, Basundi, Fada ni Lapsi, Thepla, Nagli Rotla, Khandvi, Khichu, Khaman, Lilo Chevdo, and many others. These foods are famous in the entire country. People from other states like to try these foods willingly because of their better aroma.

In the end, I want to say that my state, Gujarat, has a wide range of opportunities in every sector whether it is health, employment, industry, technology, education, tourism, and many others. I love my state very much.

This is my state gujarat essay in english, from this entire article, we cover information regarding my state gujarat essay in english for class 8. If found anything missing let us know by commenting below. For more info kindly visit us at wikiliv.com

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Essay on My State Odisha

Students are often asked to write an essay on My State Odisha in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on My State Odisha

Introduction.

Odisha, formerly known as Orissa, is an eastern Indian state. It is surrounded by West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh. Its capital is Bhubaneswar.

Natural Beauty

Odisha is known for its scenic beauty. It has a long coastline with beautiful beaches like Puri and Gopalpur. It also boasts of lush green forests, home to diverse wildlife.

Culture and Heritage

Odisha’s culture is rich and diverse. The state is famous for its classical dance Odissi, and its temples, especially the Sun Temple of Konark and Jagannath Temple in Puri.

The economy of Odisha is primarily based on agriculture, industries like steel and aluminium, and tourism. The state is also a major producer of rice in India.

250 Words Essay on My State Odisha

Geographical landscape.

Odisha, formerly known as Orissa, is a culturally rich state located in the eastern part of India. It is renowned for its lush green landscapes, extensive coastline, and a plethora of tribal cultures. The state is surrounded by West Bengal to the northeast, Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west and northwest, and Andhra Pradesh to the south.

Cultural Heritage

The cultural heritage of Odisha is deep-rooted in its classical music, dance, drama, and art. Odissi, one of the oldest surviving dance forms of India, originated in Odisha. The state’s art and architecture are prominently reflected in the ancient temples of Bhubaneswar, Puri, and Konark, famously known as the “Golden Triangle” of eastern India.

Economy and Industry

Primarily an agrarian economy, Odisha is also rich in mineral resources like coal, bauxite, and iron ore, making it a significant player in India’s industrial sector. The state has made substantial progress in sectors such as steel, aluminum, power, refineries, and ports, contributing significantly to its economic development.

Education and Social Indices

Odisha has made significant strides in education, with numerous universities and colleges offering a wide range of courses. However, the state still grapples with challenges related to literacy rates and quality education, particularly in rural and tribal areas.

Environmental Concerns and Sustainability

Odisha’s extensive coastline and varied topography make it prone to natural disasters like cyclones and floods. The state’s focus on sustainable development and disaster management is crucial for preserving its rich biodiversity and ensuring the well-being of its residents.

In conclusion, Odisha is a state that beautifully blends tradition with modernity. It is a testament to India’s diverse culture, rich history, and economic potential.

500 Words Essay on My State Odisha

Odisha, located on the eastern coast of India, is a state rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. It is a land of diverse landscapes, from coastal beaches to forested mountains, and a hub of ancient architecture and vibrant traditions.

Historical Significance

Odisha’s history traces back to the ancient Kalinga kingdom, which was a prominent maritime and trading power. The famous Kalinga War, fought between Emperor Ashoka and the Kalinga kingdom, led to a significant turning point in Ashoka’s life, prompting him to embrace Buddhism. The Ashokan edicts, scattered across the state, are a testament to this transformation and an integral part of Odisha’s historical legacy.

Odisha is a melting pot of various cultures, each with its unique customs and traditions. The state is renowned for its classical dance form, Odissi, which is one of the oldest surviving dance forms in India. Odisha’s rich literary tradition, with works in Oriya language dating back to the 13th century, is another significant aspect of its cultural heritage.

Architectural Marvels

Odisha houses some of the most magnificent architectural marvels in the form of temples. The Sun Temple at Konark, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most iconic examples of ancient Indian architecture. The intricately carved stone wheels and the chariot-shaped structure are a testament to the exceptional craftsmanship of the era. Similarly, the Jagannath Temple in Puri, one of the four sacred ‘Char Dham’ pilgrimage sites for Hindus, holds immense religious and architectural significance.

Odisha’s diverse geography offers a rich array of natural beauty. The state’s coastline, stretching over 480 kilometers, boasts beautiful beaches like Puri and Gopalpur. The Chilika Lake, Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon, is a paradise for bird watchers, hosting a plethora of migratory birds during winter. The lush green forests of Simlipal and Satkosia are home to a wide range of flora and fauna, providing an immersive experience for nature enthusiasts.

Economic Potential

Odisha’s economy has shown promising growth over the years. The state is rich in mineral resources, including coal, iron ore, and bauxite, making it a significant player in India’s mining sector. Odisha’s coastline and ports present ample opportunities for maritime trade and the development of a blue economy. The state’s focus on sectors like tourism, agriculture, and IT also points towards a balanced and sustainable economic future.

Odisha, with its rich history, cultural heritage, architectural marvels, and natural beauty, is a state that captivates the heart and mind. Its economic potential, coupled with its diverse resources, positions it as an important state in India’s growth story. As we delve deeper into understanding Odisha, we find a compelling narrative of resilience, transformation, and progress, making it a fascinating subject of study for college students.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Essay on Odisha
Essay on Importance of Ocean
Essay on Ocean

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

Thesis Statements

What this handout is about.

This handout describes what a thesis statement is, how thesis statements work in your writing, and how you can craft or refine one for your draft.

Introduction

Writing in college often takes the form of persuasion—convincing others that you have an interesting, logical point of view on the subject you are studying. Persuasion is a skill you practice regularly in your daily life. You persuade your roommate to clean up, your parents to let you borrow the car, your friend to vote for your favorite candidate or policy. In college, course assignments often ask you to make a persuasive case in writing. You are asked to convince your reader of your point of view. This form of persuasion, often called academic argument, follows a predictable pattern in writing. After a brief introduction of your topic, you state your point of view on the topic directly and often in one sentence. This sentence is the thesis statement, and it serves as a summary of the argument you’ll make in the rest of your paper.

What is a thesis statement?

A thesis statement:

tells the reader how you will interpret the significance of the subject matter under discussion.
is a road map for the paper; in other words, it tells the reader what to expect from the rest of the paper.
directly answers the question asked of you. A thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself. The subject, or topic, of an essay might be World War II or Moby Dick; a thesis must then offer a way to understand the war or the novel.
makes a claim that others might dispute.
is usually a single sentence near the beginning of your paper (most often, at the end of the first paragraph) that presents your argument to the reader. The rest of the paper, the body of the essay, gathers and organizes evidence that will persuade the reader of the logic of your interpretation.

If your assignment asks you to take a position or develop a claim about a subject, you may need to convey that position or claim in a thesis statement near the beginning of your draft. The assignment may not explicitly state that you need a thesis statement because your instructor may assume you will include one. When in doubt, ask your instructor if the assignment requires a thesis statement. When an assignment asks you to analyze, to interpret, to compare and contrast, to demonstrate cause and effect, or to take a stand on an issue, it is likely that you are being asked to develop a thesis and to support it persuasively. (Check out our handout on understanding assignments for more information.)

How do I create a thesis?

A thesis is the result of a lengthy thinking process. Formulating a thesis is not the first thing you do after reading an essay assignment. Before you develop an argument on any topic, you have to collect and organize evidence, look for possible relationships between known facts (such as surprising contrasts or similarities), and think about the significance of these relationships. Once you do this thinking, you will probably have a “working thesis” that presents a basic or main idea and an argument that you think you can support with evidence. Both the argument and your thesis are likely to need adjustment along the way.

Writers use all kinds of techniques to stimulate their thinking and to help them clarify relationships or comprehend the broader significance of a topic and arrive at a thesis statement. For more ideas on how to get started, see our handout on brainstorming .

How do I know if my thesis is strong?

If there’s time, run it by your instructor or make an appointment at the Writing Center to get some feedback. Even if you do not have time to get advice elsewhere, you can do some thesis evaluation of your own. When reviewing your first draft and its working thesis, ask yourself the following :

Do I answer the question? Re-reading the question prompt after constructing a working thesis can help you fix an argument that misses the focus of the question. If the prompt isn’t phrased as a question, try to rephrase it. For example, “Discuss the effect of X on Y” can be rephrased as “What is the effect of X on Y?”
Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? If your thesis simply states facts that no one would, or even could, disagree with, it’s possible that you are simply providing a summary, rather than making an argument.
Is my thesis statement specific enough? Thesis statements that are too vague often do not have a strong argument. If your thesis contains words like “good” or “successful,” see if you could be more specific: why is something “good”; what specifically makes something “successful”?
Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? If a reader’s first response is likely to be “So what?” then you need to clarify, to forge a relationship, or to connect to a larger issue.
Does my essay support my thesis specifically and without wandering? If your thesis and the body of your essay do not seem to go together, one of them has to change. It’s okay to change your working thesis to reflect things you have figured out in the course of writing your paper. Remember, always reassess and revise your writing as necessary.
Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? If a reader’s first response is “how?” or “why?” your thesis may be too open-ended and lack guidance for the reader. See what you can add to give the reader a better take on your position right from the beginning.

Suppose you are taking a course on contemporary communication, and the instructor hands out the following essay assignment: “Discuss the impact of social media on public awareness.” Looking back at your notes, you might start with this working thesis:

Social media impacts public awareness in both positive and negative ways.

You can use the questions above to help you revise this general statement into a stronger thesis.

Do I answer the question? You can analyze this if you rephrase “discuss the impact” as “what is the impact?” This way, you can see that you’ve answered the question only very generally with the vague “positive and negative ways.”
Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? Not likely. Only people who maintain that social media has a solely positive or solely negative impact could disagree.
Is my thesis statement specific enough? No. What are the positive effects? What are the negative effects?
Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? No. Why are they positive? How are they positive? What are their causes? Why are they negative? How are they negative? What are their causes?
Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? No. Why should anyone care about the positive and/or negative impact of social media?

After thinking about your answers to these questions, you decide to focus on the one impact you feel strongly about and have strong evidence for:

Because not every voice on social media is reliable, people have become much more critical consumers of information, and thus, more informed voters.

This version is a much stronger thesis! It answers the question, takes a specific position that others can challenge, and it gives a sense of why it matters.

Let’s try another. Suppose your literature professor hands out the following assignment in a class on the American novel: Write an analysis of some aspect of Mark Twain’s novel Huckleberry Finn. “This will be easy,” you think. “I loved Huckleberry Finn!” You grab a pad of paper and write:

Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn is a great American novel.

You begin to analyze your thesis:

Do I answer the question? No. The prompt asks you to analyze some aspect of the novel. Your working thesis is a statement of general appreciation for the entire novel.

Think about aspects of the novel that are important to its structure or meaning—for example, the role of storytelling, the contrasting scenes between the shore and the river, or the relationships between adults and children. Now you write:

In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain develops a contrast between life on the river and life on the shore.

Do I answer the question? Yes!
Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? Not really. This contrast is well-known and accepted.
Is my thesis statement specific enough? It’s getting there–you have highlighted an important aspect of the novel for investigation. However, it’s still not clear what your analysis will reveal.
Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? Not yet. Compare scenes from the book and see what you discover. Free write, make lists, jot down Huck’s actions and reactions and anything else that seems interesting.
Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? What’s the point of this contrast? What does it signify?”

After examining the evidence and considering your own insights, you write:

Through its contrasting river and shore scenes, Twain’s Huckleberry Finn suggests that to find the true expression of American democratic ideals, one must leave “civilized” society and go back to nature.

This final thesis statement presents an interpretation of a literary work based on an analysis of its content. Of course, for the essay itself to be successful, you must now present evidence from the novel that will convince the reader of your interpretation.

Works consulted

We consulted these works while writing this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial . We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback.

Anson, Chris M., and Robert A. Schwegler. 2010. The Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers , 6th ed. New York: Longman.

Lunsford, Andrea A. 2015. The St. Martin’s Handbook , 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St Martin’s.

Ramage, John D., John C. Bean, and June Johnson. 2018. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing , 8th ed. New York: Pearson.

Ruszkiewicz, John J., Christy Friend, Daniel Seward, and Maxine Hairston. 2010. The Scott, Foresman Handbook for Writers , 9th ed. Boston: Pearson Education.

You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Essay on Maharashtra – People, Capital, Food and Culture

May 30, 2020 by Study Mentor 1 Comment

Table of Contents

Maharashtra Essay – 1

Maharashtra is one of the state of India. It is located in the western part of India. Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra, and it is also known as the financial capital of India.

There are many reasons to love Maharashtra. Maharashtra is 3rd most significant state in India is wise. It is the second most populated state following Uttar Pradesh if we talk about it population-wise.

Maharashtra has the Arabian Sea flowing on its western coast. The neighboring states of Maharashtra are Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, and Karnataka.

The main rivers of Maharashtra are Godavari and Krishna. This state has many big cities like Mumbai, Pune, Aurangabad, Nasik, Nagpur, etc.

As we all know that Maharashtra is a very populated state. There are various types of community living there, such as Hindu, Muslims, Christian, Jain, Buddhist, Sikh, etc.

People of Maharashtra are multi-lingual. They speak many languages, like Hindi, Gujarati, English, Marathi, Kannada, etc.

Places to visit in Maharashtra

Maharashtra has a huge number of places to visit. The Mumbai city is the center of the attraction itself. There are various places to visit in Maharashtra, along with Mumbai. These places include:-

Gateway of India: People who come to Mumbai cannot say no to this place. It is a landmark of Maharashtra. It was built in early 1924.
The local trains of Mumbai are famous across the country as well as all over the world. The very famous railway station of Mumbai is Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. It is also famous as CST. This railway station is famous for its extraordinary architectural style. Many Bollywood movies have been shot here.
The ancient temple of Ellora has many stories to tell you. It is a very famous place near Aurangabad.
Ajanta and Ellora caves are declared heritage sites by UNESCO. We can find a hundred caves. Every cave is telling its own story. It has a large number of carvings.
The other ancient caves are Kanheri Caves. It contains Buddhist paintings, and they belong to the 19th century.
Siddhivinayak Temple is a very famous temple of Lord Ganesha. It is located in Mumbai and famous among the devotees across the country.
The Haji Ali dargah is also located in Mumbai.
The Pratapgarh also has its history of the battle. It was won in the 17th century.
The Kolhapur, located very well known as the Mahalakshmi temple, is famous for its architectural styles. It was built in the 12th century. The devotees across the country come here to devote the goddess.
In Maharashtra, there is also an animal sanctuary called The Rajiv Gandhi national park. This place is the house of many animals and birds. The snake park is the main attraction of this place.
In the Buldhana district of Maharashtra, there is a less known saline water lake with a significant history in Lonar.
There are lots of places in Maharashtra to visit, such as Juhu Chopati in Mumbai, Film city, Taj Palace Hotel, The Krishna temple in Pandharapur.

Famous People of Maharashtra

Maharashtra has always been a land of warriors. When we see the history of Maharashtra, we cannot ignore the famous personalities of Maharashtra, which had a significant role in the foundation of Maharashtra.

Chhatrapati Shivaji is a very famous warrior and idol of Marathas. Marathas worship him. They consider Chhatrapati Shivaji as the leader who established and brought fame to the Maratha Empire when he was ruling.
The most essential personality who is responsible for making the constitution of India, the person who fought for the backward communities, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar was also from Maharashtra.
In the sports industry, there are huge names, which belong to Maharashtra, such as Sachin Tendulkar. People call him God of cricket. He belongs to Mumbai.
Rohit Sharma, Ravi Shashtri, Vinod Kambli, Ajinkya Rahane, etc. are the massive names in the game of cricket. They all belong to Maharashtra.
The film industry of India, which is also famous as Bollywood established in Mumbai. Many film stars are from here.
Sant Tukaram and Namdev are the religious leaders of Maharashtra and fought against the orthodox mentality in society. They were from Maharashtra too.
In the field of politics, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bala Saheb Thackrey, Pramod Mahajan, Sharad Pawar, etc. are from Maharashtra.

Mumbai – The Capital city of Maharashtra

Mumbai is the biggest city of not just Maharashtra but also of India. Mumbai is the capital city of Maharashtra, but it is also the financial capital of India.

Mumbai has a huge role in the GDP of India. Headquarters of Many Big companies and firms have been established here. Mumbai has the oldest financial markets of the world knows as the BSE and The NSE – The Bombay Stock Exchange and The National Stock Exchange.
Mumbai is the city, which never sleeps. It is a very lively place. Mumbai is the dream city of many young people in India. It opens the door of opportunities. It is saying that People may get difficulties to live, but people never get a problem to eat.
When people think of Mumbai, the very first thought that they get is Bollywood. It is the film industry of Mumbai. Many studios are established in this capital city of Maharashtra. There are several big names of the film industry who live here, such as Amitabh Bachchan, Shahrukh Khan, Salman Khan, Deepika Padukon, and many more.
The capital city of Maharashtra is famous for its food items. The very renowned food in Mumbai is Vadapav. It is famous across the country. There many dishes, which are celebrated like Pavbhaji, Mumbai Special Bhel, and Chats.
Not only these, but some world-famous institutes are also in Maharashtra, such as IIT Bombay, JBIMS, NMIMS, Symbiosis, etc.
Mumbai is called New York of India because it never stops.

Famous Fruits Grown in Maharashtra

Maharashtra has very well known for its fruit production. The state produces a very good amount of fruits. The popular cities of state popular for production of fruits include:-

Solapur and Jalgaon are famous for the production of banana. Jalgaon is the banana capital of India. It produces more than 15% of India’s total banana production.
Nasik is famous for the production of grapes. It is also known as the wine capital of Maharashtra. It is the biggest supplier of grapes in India.
Alphonso Mangoes of Ratnagiri is very famous across the country. It is famous for the production of mangoes called hapus.
Nagpur is famous for its wide range of production of oranges. The city is known as the city of mangoes. It is listed in the green city of India.
Mahabaleshwar is famous for the production of strawberries. Mahabaleshwar is the hill station, and many tourists across the county visit this place.

Maharashtra is an integral part of India. It is among the developed states of India in many ways, such as tourist attraction, religious places, economically, Maharashtra is very privileged. Overall, Maharashtra is a must-visit state.

Maharashtra Essay – 2

India is our country and the Maharashtra is located in the western part when we look at its location. The capital city of Maharashtra is Mumbai, well known as the financial capital of India.

Maharashtra is popular for many reasons, if we look at the area covered by the state; it appears to be the third largest state in the country.

Population wise, it is the second most populated state in the country. The regional language of the state is Marathi, but we can also find majority of Hindi speaking community residing in the state.

The state has Arabian Sea flowing on its western coast. This state is surrounded by many states like Karnataka, Goa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Godavari and Krishna are the main rivers of Maharashtra.

The state of Maharashtra has the Western Ghats running through its western coastline, where we can also find the world famous Konkan railway line.

The state is mainly housed in the Deccan plateau. The state has many important cities like Mumbai, Pune, Aurangabad, Nasik, Nagpur etc.

(Maharashtra Map) Image Credit: Source

Majority of the people practise Hinduism, along with the Muslim, Christian and Jain communities. Buddhists and Sikhs also form a small portion of the population.

Along with Marathi speaking people, we can find a lot of Hindi, Gujarathi and Kannada speaking population in the state.

The state is into a lot of industrial activities right from manufacturing sectors, automobiles, textile industries, media and telecom industries, fashion ventures, tourism and most importantly, the film industry.

The state is also a leader in terms of its agricultural production and boasts of some elite educational institutions, making it a very popular state in the country.

A tropical climate is usually experienced in the state and it receives reasonably heavy rains during the monsoon season. Black soil is the trademark soil of this region.

Places of Interest

Maharashtra is a very popular place in the map of India and boasts of great culture in travel and tourism fields. Some of the most common places in this state are listed here.

Let us explore them one by one. The landmark gateway of India stands tall and triumphant at Mumbai and it was built as early as 1924.

The suburban railway connection can be experienced when one boards a local train at Chhatrapati Shivaji terminus.

This railway station is very popular for its architectural styles and we can find this as a landmark in many of the Hindi movies of yore.

The ancient temples at Ellora offer a bit of history and the famous Kailasa temple have many a stories to tell from their carvings.

It is a UNESCO heritage site and we can find around a hundred caves, each telling its own story and have thousands of carvings within these caves.

Aga Khan, the Mughal king built his own palace in the 19 th century and today it’s a very famous tourist attraction for people who re interested in knowing more about our historical kings and queens.

The kanheri caves are other ancient caves containing Buddhist paintings and they also belong to the 19 th century.

The Siddhivinayak temple at Mumbai is the abode of Lord Ganesh and is very famous among ardent devotees.

Many celebrities from Bollywood can be seen walking barefoot from their residences all the way to the temple to make their offerings for lord. Shivneri and Pratapgad are other hill top forts that have historical significance.

Pratapgad has mention in history because of the battle that was won in the 17 th century. The famous Mahalakshmi temple at Kolhapur is known for its 12 th century architectural styles and is known to be the abode of power and devotion among many devotees throughout the country.

The Rajiv Gandhi National Park is an animal sanctuary and home to many animals and birds along with a special snake park, which is the main attraction of the sanctuary.

A less known saline water lake with historical significance in Lonar, which is located in the Buldhana district, is the Lonar Crater Lake.

Fort Bassein is not preserved by the state and when one visits this place, they can find the ruins of the monument and torn-apart structures like arches, pillars and other fallen pieces of the once-famous fort.

Mulshi dam and Rankala Lake are other breathtaking picnic spots that one can spend time with families and friends.

The Krishna temple at Pandharapur is also very famous for its age-old architectural styles and believed to be one of the main worship centers of Lord Krishna.

Last but not the least, the world famous UNESCO heritage sites – the Ellora caves and the elephant caves has to be mentioned to mark their rich sculptures.

Famous People of the State

When we peep into history, we can find a lot of significant people from rulers of dynasties to political leaders having connection with this happening state.

The very famous Chhatrapati Shivaji is an idol to all Marathis and they worship him with all devotion even today. They consider him as their leader who established and brought fame to the Maratha Empire during his ruling days.

Image Credit: Source (Shivaji Maharaj)

The person responsible for writing the constitution of India and the man who fought for the rights of the downtrodden communities, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar was also from this state.

Other personalities like Jyotibha Phule and Baba Amte were also from the same state. Lokamanya tilak finds mention in the freedom struggle diaries of India and so is Vinobha Bhave.

In the field of cricket, one can find many cricketers to be part of this state and some of the noted ones are Sachin Tendulkar, Ravi Shastri, Vinod Kambli, etc.

Sant Tukaram and Namdev were religious leaders who fought against orthodox practices in the society to bring about a revolution in the religious practices of the state.

In the field of politics, right from Bal Gangadhar Tilak to Bal Thackeray and from Pramod Mahajan to Sharad Pawar, there are many political stalwarts that shone in this state.

The entertainment industry has made the biggest name in this state with a host of actors, actresses, directors, producers and musicians having Maharashtra as their home state and more closely, Mumbai as the place where they reside.

Amol Palekar, Nana Patekar, Rajnikanth, Madhuri Dixit, Padmini Kolhapure, etc belong to this state. The list is endless and one can imagine the famous celebrities and personalities coming from this state.

Mumbai – The Capital City

Now comes the Bollywood connection. The capital city of Maharashtra and also the financial capital of the country are home to majority of the film fraternity and celebrities from cinema.

Many studios are situated in this capital city. The city is also house to some of the top industrialists of our country and has rich culture of art and traditions in its going.

The world famous pav bhajis are a product of this city and the chats that we enjoy on rainy evenings are all originated from here.

Not only this, the city also has some world famous educational institutions- schools and colleges that one can find nowhere else.

Mumbai is popularly known as the city that never sleeps, that is because the city is almost always alive, even late in the nights.

Popularly called as the new York of India, the city boasts of excellent infrastructure and has the latest technologies induced in development.

It is connected by rail from all important cities of India and the international airport speaks of high standards and is something to be proud of. The Mumbai-Worli sea link is a marvel in itself and is one of the best constructions in our country till date.

Food and shopping is something that one can’t miss when at Mumbai. Being the financial capital of India, it is home to one of the oldest financial markets of the world – the NSE and the BSE, the National Stock exchange and the Bombay stock exchange facilities.

Fashionable and elite celebrities flock to this city to make it their home and one can find it to be a favorite place among the youth.

The state of Maharashtra is a lively place and the city of Mumbai, in particular is a must-visit place in the country and youngsters consider it a happening place.

Reader Interactions

March 31, 2022 at 1:17 pm

great blog with lot of informative stuff

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Ultimate Guide to Writing Your College Essay

Tips for writing an effective college essay.

College admissions essays are an important part of your college application and gives you the chance to show colleges and universities your character and experiences. This guide will give you tips to write an effective college essay.

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Stuck on what to write your college essay about? Here are some exercises to help you get started.

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Learn how formal your college essay should be and get tips on how to bring out your natural voice.

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Student Story: Admissions essay about personal identity

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Student story: admissions essay about a past mistake, how to write a college application essay, tips for writing an effective application essay, sample college essay 1 with feedback, sample college essay 2 with feedback.

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How to Write an Essay Introduction (with Examples)  

The introduction of an essay plays a critical role in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. It sets the stage for the rest of the essay, establishes the tone and style, and motivates the reader to continue reading.

What is an essay introduction , what to include in an essay introduction, how to create an essay structure , step-by-step process for writing an essay introduction , how to write an introduction paragraph , how to write a hook for your essay , how to include background information , how to write a thesis statement .

Argumentative Essay Introduction Example:
Expository Essay Introduction Example

Literary Analysis Essay Introduction Example

Check and revise – checklist for essay introduction , key takeaways , frequently asked questions .

An introduction is the opening section of an essay, paper, or other written work. It introduces the topic and provides background information, context, and an overview of what the reader can expect from the rest of the work. 1 The key is to be concise and to the point, providing enough information to engage the reader without delving into excessive detail.

The essay introduction is crucial as it sets the tone for the entire piece and provides the reader with a roadmap of what to expect. Here are key elements to include in your essay introduction:

Hook : Start with an attention-grabbing statement or question to engage the reader. This could be a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or a compelling anecdote.
Background information : Provide context and background information to help the reader understand the topic. This can include historical information, definitions of key terms, or an overview of the current state of affairs related to your topic.
Thesis statement : Clearly state your main argument or position on the topic. Your thesis should be concise and specific, providing a clear direction for your essay.

Before we get into how to write an essay introduction, we need to know how it is structured. The structure of an essay is crucial for organizing your thoughts and presenting them clearly and logically. It is divided as follows: 2

Introduction:  The introduction should grab the reader’s attention with a hook, provide context, and include a thesis statement that presents the main argument or purpose of the essay.
Body:  The body should consist of focused paragraphs that support your thesis statement using evidence and analysis. Each paragraph should concentrate on a single central idea or argument and provide evidence, examples, or analysis to back it up.
Conclusion:  The conclusion should summarize the main points and restate the thesis differently. End with a final statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid new information or arguments.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write an essay introduction:

Start with a Hook : Begin your introduction paragraph with an attention-grabbing statement, question, quote, or anecdote related to your topic. The hook should pique the reader’s interest and encourage them to continue reading.
Provide Background Information : This helps the reader understand the relevance and importance of the topic.
State Your Thesis Statement : The last sentence is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be clear, concise, and directly address the topic of your essay.
Preview the Main Points : This gives the reader an idea of what to expect and how you will support your thesis.
Keep it Concise and Clear : Avoid going into too much detail or including information not directly relevant to your topic.
Revise : Revise your introduction after you’ve written the rest of your essay to ensure it aligns with your final argument.

Here’s an example of an essay introduction paragraph about the importance of education:

Education is often viewed as a fundamental human right and a key social and economic development driver. As Nelson Mandela once famously said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” It is the key to unlocking a wide range of opportunities and benefits for individuals, societies, and nations. In today’s constantly evolving world, education has become even more critical. It has expanded beyond traditional classroom learning to include digital and remote learning, making education more accessible and convenient. This essay will delve into the importance of education in empowering individuals to achieve their dreams, improving societies by promoting social justice and equality, and driving economic growth by developing a skilled workforce and promoting innovation.

This introduction paragraph example includes a hook (the quote by Nelson Mandela), provides some background information on education, and states the thesis statement (the importance of education).

This is one of the key steps in how to write an essay introduction. Crafting a compelling hook is vital because it sets the tone for your entire essay and determines whether your readers will stay interested. A good hook draws the reader in and sets the stage for the rest of your essay.

Avoid Dry Fact : Instead of simply stating a bland fact, try to make it engaging and relevant to your topic. For example, if you’re writing about the benefits of exercise, you could start with a startling statistic like, “Did you know that regular exercise can increase your lifespan by up to seven years?”
Avoid Using a Dictionary Definition : While definitions can be informative, they’re not always the most captivating way to start an essay. Instead, try to use a quote, anecdote, or provocative question to pique the reader’s interest. For instance, if you’re writing about freedom, you could begin with a quote from a famous freedom fighter or philosopher.
Do Not Just State a Fact That the Reader Already Knows : This ties back to the first point—your hook should surprise or intrigue the reader. For Here’s an introduction paragraph example, if you’re writing about climate change, you could start with a thought-provoking statement like, “Despite overwhelming evidence, many people still refuse to believe in the reality of climate change.”

Including background information in the introduction section of your essay is important to provide context and establish the relevance of your topic. When writing the background information, you can follow these steps:

Start with a General Statement:  Begin with a general statement about the topic and gradually narrow it down to your specific focus. For example, when discussing the impact of social media, you can begin by making a broad statement about social media and its widespread use in today’s society, as follows: “Social media has become an integral part of modern life, with billions of users worldwide.”
Define Key Terms : Define any key terms or concepts that may be unfamiliar to your readers but are essential for understanding your argument.
Provide Relevant Statistics:  Use statistics or facts to highlight the significance of the issue you’re discussing. For instance, “According to a report by Statista, the number of social media users is expected to reach 4.41 billion by 2025.”
Discuss the Evolution:  Mention previous research or studies that have been conducted on the topic, especially those that are relevant to your argument. Mention key milestones or developments that have shaped its current impact. You can also outline some of the major effects of social media. For example, you can briefly describe how social media has evolved, including positives such as increased connectivity and issues like cyberbullying and privacy concerns.
Transition to Your Thesis:  Use the background information to lead into your thesis statement, which should clearly state the main argument or purpose of your essay. For example, “Given its pervasive influence, it is crucial to examine the impact of social media on mental health.”

A thesis statement is a concise summary of the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, or other type of academic writing. It appears near the end of the introduction. Here’s how to write a thesis statement:

Identify the topic:  Start by identifying the topic of your essay. For example, if your essay is about the importance of exercise for overall health, your topic is “exercise.”
State your position:  Next, state your position or claim about the topic. This is the main argument or point you want to make. For example, if you believe that regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health, your position could be: “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health.”
Support your position:  Provide a brief overview of the reasons or evidence that support your position. These will be the main points of your essay. For example, if you’re writing an essay about the importance of exercise, you could mention the physical health benefits, mental health benefits, and the role of exercise in disease prevention.
Make it specific:  Ensure your thesis statement clearly states what you will discuss in your essay. For example, instead of saying, “Exercise is good for you,” you could say, “Regular exercise, including cardiovascular and strength training, can improve overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.”

Examples of essay introduction

Here are examples of essay introductions for different types of essays:

Argumentative Essay Introduction Example:

Topic: Should the voting age be lowered to 16?

“The question of whether the voting age should be lowered to 16 has sparked nationwide debate. While some argue that 16-year-olds lack the requisite maturity and knowledge to make informed decisions, others argue that doing so would imbue young people with agency and give them a voice in shaping their future.”

Expository Essay Introduction Example

Topic: The benefits of regular exercise

“In today’s fast-paced world, the importance of regular exercise cannot be overstated. From improving physical health to boosting mental well-being, the benefits of exercise are numerous and far-reaching. This essay will examine the various advantages of regular exercise and provide tips on incorporating it into your daily routine.”

Text: “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee

“Harper Lee’s novel, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ is a timeless classic that explores themes of racism, injustice, and morality in the American South. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, the reader is taken on a journey that challenges societal norms and forces characters to confront their prejudices. This essay will analyze the novel’s use of symbolism, character development, and narrative structure to uncover its deeper meaning and relevance to contemporary society.”

Engaging and Relevant First Sentence : The opening sentence captures the reader’s attention and relates directly to the topic.
Background Information : Enough background information is introduced to provide context for the thesis statement.
Definition of Important Terms : Key terms or concepts that might be unfamiliar to the audience or are central to the argument are defined.
Clear Thesis Statement : The thesis statement presents the main point or argument of the essay.
Relevance to Main Body : Everything in the introduction directly relates to and sets up the discussion in the main body of the essay.

Writing a strong introduction is crucial for setting the tone and context of your essay. Here are the key takeaways for how to write essay introduction: 3

Hook the Reader : Start with an engaging hook to grab the reader’s attention. This could be a compelling question, a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or an anecdote.
Provide Background : Give a brief overview of the topic, setting the context and stage for the discussion.
Thesis Statement : State your thesis, which is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be concise, clear, and specific.
Preview the Structure : Outline the main points or arguments to help the reader understand the organization of your essay.
Keep it Concise : Avoid including unnecessary details or information not directly related to your thesis.
Revise and Edit : Revise your introduction to ensure clarity, coherence, and relevance. Check for grammar and spelling errors.
Seek Feedback : Get feedback from peers or instructors to improve your introduction further.

The purpose of an essay introduction is to give an overview of the topic, context, and main ideas of the essay. It is meant to engage the reader, establish the tone for the rest of the essay, and introduce the thesis statement or central argument.

An essay introduction typically ranges from 5-10% of the total word count. For example, in a 1,000-word essay, the introduction would be roughly 50-100 words. However, the length can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the overall length of the essay.

An essay introduction is critical in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. To ensure its effectiveness, consider incorporating these key elements: a compelling hook, background information, a clear thesis statement, an outline of the essay’s scope, a smooth transition to the body, and optional signposting sentences.

The process of writing an essay introduction is not necessarily straightforward, but there are several strategies that can be employed to achieve this end. When experiencing difficulty initiating the process, consider the following techniques: begin with an anecdote, a quotation, an image, a question, or a startling fact to pique the reader’s interest. It may also be helpful to consider the five W’s of journalism: who, what, when, where, why, and how. For instance, an anecdotal opening could be structured as follows: “As I ascended the stage, momentarily blinded by the intense lights, I could sense the weight of a hundred eyes upon me, anticipating my next move. The topic of discussion was climate change, a subject I was passionate about, and it was my first public speaking event. Little did I know , that pivotal moment would not only alter my perspective but also chart my life’s course.”

Crafting a compelling thesis statement for your introduction paragraph is crucial to grab your reader’s attention. To achieve this, avoid using overused phrases such as “In this paper, I will write about” or “I will focus on” as they lack originality. Instead, strive to engage your reader by substantiating your stance or proposition with a “so what” clause. While writing your thesis statement, aim to be precise, succinct, and clear in conveying your main argument.

To create an effective essay introduction, ensure it is clear, engaging, relevant, and contains a concise thesis statement. It should transition smoothly into the essay and be long enough to cover necessary points but not become overwhelming. Seek feedback from peers or instructors to assess its effectiveness.

References

Cui, L. (2022). Unit 6 Essay Introduction.  Building Academic Writing Skills .
West, H., Malcolm, G., Keywood, S., & Hill, J. (2019). Writing a successful essay.  Journal of Geography in Higher Education ,  43 (4), 609-617.
Beavers, M. E., Thoune, D. L., & McBeth, M. (2023). Bibliographic Essay: Reading, Researching, Teaching, and Writing with Hooks: A Queer Literacy Sponsorship. College English, 85(3), 230-242.

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966 words short essay on meaning and features of a State

The state is the most powerful of all social institutions. It has become one of the important factors in our social life today. When we take birth in our family, the government takes notice of our birth and it registers it. State has framed regulations regarding health and sanitation in order to save us during childhood.

It has made arrangement for our education. Some portion of our income is paid in form of taxes to the state through the government. It is the state which controls the prices of different commodities. It protects us from our enemies. It provides us medical facilities.

It takes care of the old and invalid. If the state is in danger we fight for it. Not only our birth but also our death get registered with the state or the government.

In case we are unable to afford money for our burial it is the state which bury us. Thus, from the moment of our birth till our death we come in contact with the state directly or indirectly in every day life.

Meaning or Definition of State:

The term state may means condition of health or economic condition. The term is sometimes loosely used by people to mean estates of India, or “the United States of America”. Sometimes mean ‘nation’ or ‘society’ or ‘government’ or ‘country’.

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These uses of the term are not correct at all from the scientific point of view. It has in fact, a specific meaning which is completely different m its various uses noted above.

Different scholars have defined state differently according to their individual view point. Some of the important definitions of the state are mentioned below.

Woodrow Wilson defines “state as a group of people organised law within a definite territory.” Burgess defines state as “a particular portion of mankind viewed as organised unity.”

Bluntschil says that, “the state is a combination or association men in the form of Government and governed, on a. definite territory, united together into a moral organised masculine tonality, more shortly person of definite territory.” Prof. Laski defines state as “a territorial society divided into Government and subjects claiming with its allotted physical area of supremacy over all other institutions.

J.W.Garner gives a very comprehensive definition of the state, holds the view that the state as a concept of political science public law, is a community of persons, more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, independent, nearly so, of external control and possessing an organised government to which the great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience.” It is considered to be the best definition of the state.

It can be summed up as “the state is a collection of human beings occupying a definite territory under an organised government d is subject to no outside control.”

The above mentioned definitions of a state reveal four characteristics or elements. They are- (a) population, (b) territory, (c) rganisation or government and (d) sovereignty. A state cannot be formed at all in the absence to any one of these characteristics.

(1) Population

The most basic characteristic of the state is population. As a human organisation the state cannot be formed without some people. A desert in which human beings do not live cannot be regarded as a state. However, there is no limit prescribed as to the size of population.

For an ideal state it should be 5,000 and, Aristotle thinks that it should be 10,000 minimum and 100,000 maximum. In modern times, the maximum and minimum size of population has not been prescribed. It means that there is no hard and fast rule about the size of the population of the state.

In fact, population varies from few thousands as in case of Monacol, Guatemala and Leech Tenstein to the millions as in China and India. Although the modern tendency is in favour of large population of state, it is unwise to have a very large population when its resources are scarce.

(2) Territory

The second characteristic of the state is territory or a fixed geographical area, on the earth. In the absence of a fixed territory a state cannot be constituted. As for example, the nomadic tribes like Gipsies and others cannot form a state of their own owing to the absence of a fixed territory, to reside in.

Similarly, the Jews did not from a state till, they definitely settled down in Israel in 1948. Like population, there is no limit set for the territory of a state. It may vary from a few square miles as in the case of Monacol and few million square miles as in the Soviet Union and the United States.

In the modern world today, small states as well as big states exist. From the administrative point of view small states are always better than big states but from the point of view of defense, they are not good all.

(3) Government

The state must possess an organized Government. It is the machinery through which the state must exercise its supreme power. It constitutes the brain of the state. A state cannot be thought of without some sort of Government.

The state performs its various functions through the Government. J.W. Garner says, Government is the agency or machinery through which common policies are determined and by which common affairs are regulated and common interests are promoted.”

(4) Sovereignty

The fourth and the most important element, or characteristic of the state is sovereignty. Sovereignty means supreme power or ultimate authority against which there can be no appeal. Externally, the state claims final and absolute authority. It is independent of any foreign control.

Internally, the state is supreme over all of its citizens and associations within its jurisdiction. All the individual within the state must submit to its will obediently.

Complete information on the meaning and elements of state
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Our partnerships bridge the gap between the nation’s brightest minds and the opportunities they deserve.

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How to Write a College Essay

Let QuestBridge help you with college essay writing tips. We cover what to write about, how to get feedback, and more!

The low-income lens in college essays

Students from low-income backgrounds may not realize that they have a unique perspective to present to admissions officers. If your identity has been shaped by financial difficulties and other obstacles, consider writing about these challenges in your college essays so that admissions officers understand the full context of your successes and academic accomplishments.

Bring us into your world. We want to know you. We want to know your truth.

Student challenges and extenuating circumstances

You may describe specific challenges that you have risen above in your college essays, such as:

You hold significant responsibilities in your household, such as providing care for an ill family member, babysitting siblings, or preparing family meals.
You have a part-time job to pay for school activities or household expenses.
You live with people other than your immediate family or have been in foster care.
You experienced homelessness or other temporary housing situations.
A parent has passed away or is not present in your life.
You commute a long distance to attend school.
Your family or community is not supportive of your educational goals.
You faced obstacles because English is not your first language.

Proper tone for college essays

If you choose to write about challenges in your life, be careful to avoid using overly critical or negative language when writing a college essay. This is a good opportunity to emphasize your emotional maturity and how challenges in your life have helped you grow as a person. You may compromise that impression if your tone is resentful or excessively dramatic.

College essay topic choice

Giving admissions officers a window into difficult experiences can present your story in your college application, but there are other topics that can also make for a strong essay (e.g. a favorite book, a community service project). Whichever angle you select to tell your story, highlight the most important things that have shaped and continue to shape your identity.

The writing process: brainstorm, outline, and draft

Writing a college essay can seem daunting at first, but it doesn’t have to be. Watch our webinar, Write a College Essay that Stands Out , and download our worksheet as a template and foundation to help you craft a strong college essay. This college essay format may help you write your essay in a manner that goes beyond just a chronological explanation of your life or an expansion of your resume.

Essay feedback and revisions

Ask teachers, mentors, family, or friends for feedback on your essay. Reach out well in advance of any deadlines, and give them at least two weeks to provide feedback. Ask them in person if you can, but if you cannot, send them an email. If they agree to take a look, you can send them a message with your essay. Download a sample message below.

After receiving feedback, revise! You should plan on going through a few drafts. Here are some things to keep in mind:

You do not have to incorporate all feedback. Accept what you think is most helpful.
Edits and revisions should not remove your voice or completely alter your writing style.
Pay attention to spelling, grammar, punctuation, and even formatting.
It may help to read your essay out loud to catch mistakes you might otherwise skim over.
Read your college essay from an admissions officer’s perspective.
For more college essay writing tips, continue reading the FAQs below.

Detailed FAQs about college admissions essays

Mechanics, structure, and content are vital parts of a successful essay. Our Detailed College Essays FAQs page covers each category in detail to give your essay a strong start and finish. Learn about how to write a college essay, how long a college essay should be, and more.

How to Start a College Essay: 5 Effective Techniques

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Impressionable Openers

Descriptions and demonstrations, show vulnerability, be authentic, stay personal, fun & quirky, common mistakes to avoid in your college essay.

Ways to Overcome Writer's Block

Frequently Asked Questions About Starting a College Essay

College essays are a huge part of your college career. If not huge, one of the biggest, and for someone who has been there and done that, I know the amount of pressure the beginning of a college essay, as well as the entire essay, can put on your shoulders.

Not only are you trying to juggle things like word count and grammar errors, but you're also trying to create the perfect college essay introduction that will attract admissions officers to your application or professors to your writing skills. And that, itself, can feel impossible, fill you with dread and self-doubt, but just breathe. I am here to help all present and future students know how to start a college essay.

Today is all about starting a college essay. I have come up with five easy and effective techniques that will help you create essays so good you're going to leave your readers wanting more , starting with your opening sentence! So, this is for all college students and college applicants. Stress no more! This guide was created to help you write a successful college essay. Let's get into it.

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The beginning of your essay should, first and foremost, always have a strong opening sentence . This sentence sets the tone for not only your readers but for the entire essay. Having a wobbly, almost interesting opener can steer an admissions officer and/or professor away, so you want it to be strong. And it doesn't have to be complicated! Less is more in this situation. Here are a couple of ways you can accomplish this.

Look within and be relatable
Use your real life for inspiration
Think about ways to evoke emotion

Here are some examples of impressionable openers:

Example 1: When I was 11 years old, my mother told me she had cancer over breakfast.
Example 2: Maybe yellow isn't my favorite color.
Example 3: I sat next to this girl in class who made me feel stupid.

DISCLAIMER : your opener should ALWAYS adhere to the essay prompts. These are just a few examples that can capture your reader's attention almost immediately.

In order to keep readers interested, visuals are key . Image-based descriptions will not only add value to your writing, it will give your readers front seats to your essay's journey. These descriptions let actions speak for themselves.

Here is an example of a description and demonstration in an essay:

Example 1: "I was sitting on a bar stool when the word 'cancer' hit me like the smell of her coffee brewing on the stove. The Rice Krispies were popping in my cereal bowl, and MTV Jams was playing in the background, yet all I could hear was the sound of doom all around me. The lips of my mother were moving, but I was frozen, crumbling on this stool like my mother's health. She was sick, and I didn't know how sick or what that even meant, and that terrified me."

Why This Works:

Here you can clearly feel the writers emotional state: shocked, still, scared. Not only is this moment at breakfast traumatic, you feel frozen in time with the writer. Using descriptions like this will evoke so much emotion and leave your reader wanting more.

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Something one of my teachers told me in high school was any good essay will have personal elements in it, no matter the topic. That always stuck with me and became the way I approached my college essays. Showing vulnerability in your writing will always guarantee interest. It also evokes emotion.

You can show vulnerability by:

Being honest
Explaining what's going on inside underneath the exterior
Describe what's going on around you at the moment
Letting go of the fear of being seen
Connecting with the topic
Being transparent about mistakes/flaws

Examples of showing vulnerability:

Example 1 : My mother telling me she had cancer over breakfast was not on my bingo card this year.
Example 2 : I never thought losing someone I love would change me.
Example 3: I had to lose everything in order to gain everything.

I know being vulnerable can be tough for some , but showing this side of you to college admissions officers and/or professors will not only make you stand out, but it can also help free you of things that might be weighing on your mind. Not to sound corny, but it can be therapeutic and make you a better writer . Just make sure you are staying on track with the essay prompt, and you're set!

Whether it's believed or not, an admissions officer wants to see pieces of you in your personal statement, so starting your essay by showing authenticity is a major major key. Along with being vulnerable, there are a few ways you can achieve this.

Reflect : Take the time to reflect on your experiences, values, and beliefs that have shaped who you are today. Let your values, passions, and interests shine through in your writing.
Mind Your Voice : Write in your own voice and avoid trying to sound like someone you're not. Authenticity comes from being genuine and true to yourself.
Tell Your Story : Share personal anecdotes and insights that show your unique perspective.
Be True to You : Focus on what matters to YOU (as long as you're on topic!). Write about what is meaningful and important to you rather than what you think admissions officers want to hear.

Above all, be open . Showing introspection and self-awareness in your essay will show any admissions committee who you are beneath the surface, as well as your personal growth.

You can also begin your essay being as random and silly as you'd like . It goes hand-in-hand with other important factors like vulnerability and authenticity. But don't get too crazy . Beginning your essay with something strange will definitely draw readers in. Let me show you what I mean.

Example 1 : I start my mornings off in silence and solitude to keep people away from me.
Example 2 : Sometimes, I like to circle big words in complex articles to learn new words. Yeah, but to also keep one in my back pocket for later use.
Example 3 : Being the youngest child means getting away with everything you want, and that's exactly how I like it.

Do you see how each sentence draws you in? Not only are they light-hearted, but they also make you want to know why you want to keep people away in the morning and what kind of weapon you're forming against others with new words. And every youngest sibling will attest to feeling that exact same way. All of these examples are sure to make your essay fun, show who you are, and leave readers wanting more.

Years of writing college essays have taken me through every high and low of the process possible. And when they're good, they're great! But for some reason, my mistakes stick out more than anything. So, I've compiled a list of common mistakes to avoid when writing your college essay .

Avoid Being Cliche - While you want to be captivating, you want to avoid overly used syntax and phrases that could potentially lose your reader's curiosity. For example, "in today's day and age," "follow my heart," "don't judge a book by its cover," etc. are all cliches that can be avoided by thinking outside of the box.
Using Vocabulary to be Impressive - I know you want to impress the admissions committees, but it's important to stick to what you know and not what you can allude to. That is, use verbiage that resonates with your personality. Using extravagant words can work against you, and they can also sound forced. College admissions officers want to see the real you, so show it to them.
Steer Clear of Controversy - Though it's not said enough, your college essay should tell your personal story and not touch on things that can stir the pot. For instance, talking about politics and religious beliefs may not be the route you want to take UNLESS it's called for in the college essay topic. And if so, stay on track with the essay prompts.
Procrastinating : Waiting until the last minute to start writing your essay will bite you in the butt. You will feel rushed and end up writing a poorly crafted piece. Give yourself enough time to complete an essay draft, edit the draft, and repeat this two-step cycle until your essay is complete.
Lack of originality : This goes hand-in-hand with avoiding cliches. Your college essay should exude a lot of your personality, so show admissions officers and teachers who you are! Include your cultural background, test scores that you're proud of, any future aspirations, etc. This all depends on the essay prompts, of course, but in my experience, every essay topic has room to show who you are.
Ignoring the prompt : This is a major key. STAY ON TRACK. Make sure to carefully read and understand the essay prompt, and write your essay accordingly. The last thing you want to do is write a college essay that has nothing to do with the prompt. Reading is essential here.
Lack of focus : If you want to know how to start a college essay, that means knowing how to stay focused. Find a quiet space, turn off electronics, hide your phone, and really nestle into how you want to capture your reader's attention. This will help you use your five senses clearly, keep your writing strong and not write an overly wordy essay. Focus is the tool here.
Poor organization : Make sure your essay has a strong structure with clear transitions between paragraphs. An outline will work best to accomplish this. If you go into starting your college essay without a plan, be prepared to hit all roadblocks.
Neglecting to Revise and Edit : Like procrastinating, don't fail to revise and edit your work. Always, always, always proofread your essay for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors , as well as clarity and coherence.
Not Seeking Feedback : Listen, I know that completing an essay is an accomplishment in itself, and you immediately want to submit it, but it's so beneficial to have others read your essay for feedback. You can only spot so many holes in your work when your eyes are constantly reviewing it, so a second, third, or even fourth set of eyes can help point out areas for improvement.

Above all, trust the writing process. Though I do want you to be aware of your jargon, don't get too wrapped up in thinking you're making a mistake. That's what editing is for! Once you complete your college essay, you should always revise and edit accordingly . What you thought sounded good might make you edit it to sound great. Just keep in mind that many colleges are looking for honesty and authenticity vs how well you can sound on paper . So, if you're aware of these factors, you'll be good to go.

Ways to Overcome Writer's Block

Take it from someone who has suffered from chronic writer's block, it's a pain to get through . Imagine being on a writing streak so good that when you stop, the entire essay writing process stops as a whole. It's definitely a challenge, but after 10 years of writing essays and really honing my craft, I learned a few things that have helped me get through even the thickest of writer's blocks, and I want to share them with you. Check them out:

Take a break : This works every single time. Take a short break and step away from your computer to clear your mind and come back with a fresh perspective. For me, 15 minutes is all I ever need. If you need more time, that's okay. Just try not to make your break a rest.
Freewriting : Sometimes, I'd start writing without worrying about my structure or grammar to get the ideas flowing, and surprisingly enough, I found my essay taking a pleasant turn.
Change your environment : Move around. Don't underestimate the effects of a different location or workspace to stimulate creativity. Try coffee shops, bookstores, a park, or a new room in your house. New environment, new energy.
Set small goals : This one is actually the most important. Some people get overwhelmed with the word "essay" for things like lack of proper writing skills, pressure to write a great essay, etc. But if you try breaking down your writing task into smaller, manageable chunks to make it less overwhelming, it can help. For example, set a goal of three paragraphs one day, take a day to edit those paragraphs, two more the next day, and so forth. Find a formula that works for you.
Brainstorming : Write down all your ideas--everything. No matter how small you think the idea is, write it down. Even if these ideas seem unrelated, they will help you generate new thoughts and connections.
Read or listen to music : It took me a while to realize this helps, but engaging in other forms of art can inspire new ideas and break through mental blocks. And new creativity can lead you to impress admissions officers.
Talk it out : As a writer, it's hard to let people in on the creative process, but discussing my ideas with a friend, family member, or colleague helped me gain new perspectives and insights.
Relax and Meditate : Hear me out: it works! Practice deep breathing and/or meditation to reduce stress and anxiety that may be contributing to writer's block.

I won't sugarcoat it: the college application process can be intimidating , but it doesn't have to throw you off your game. When it comes to college essays, I see them as opportunities to be fun and expressive. Trust me when I say if you have fun with it, you'll attract the reader's attention , paint vivid details, and write an essay that will leave the admissions officer wanting you at their school. So, take it one step at a time and watch your personal statement come to life.

How can I make my college essay stand out to admissions officers?

Simply put, be yourself. As long as you stay on track with the essay's topic, showing pieces of yourself will allow admissions officers to know more about who you are. Essays are meant to show readers who you are, how you feel, and what you think naturally, not robotically, so be authentic in your writing, and you'll be sure to stand out amongst the rest.

What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing a college essay?

Some common mistakes to avoid in your essay are using cliches and boring wording. You also want to avoid procrastinating, wasting time, not focusing, not editing, etc. When writing your essay, you want to make sure you give your writing the time and attention it deserves, so make sure you're aware of what is pulling you away from your writing. This will help you stay focused. If you have any other doubts, refer to the section about mistakes in this article and let it guide you to success.

How important is the college essay in the admissions process?

Your college essay is key in the admissions process . It's an admissions committee's first impression of you as a writer and potential student, so it should be taken very seriously. Trying to cut corners or rush through the writing process will be obvious, and it will stand out more than things like test scores, academic achievements, extracurricular activities, and any other positive influence you've had in your life. So, don't take the easy way out and really work on your essay.

Feeling confident in your college essay skills and want to explore some other essay content? Explore our blog on the comma splice to enhance your technical writing skills!

10 strategies for writing a college application essay, what is a coordinating conjunction, best colleges in tennessee.

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The Charlestown Division of the Boston Municipal Court hosted a Law Day Celebration on May 1st during a ceremony which featured remarks from court leaders: Charlestown First Justice Lisa Grant, Boston Municipal Court Chief Justice Tracy Lee Lyons, Probation Commissioner Pamerson Ifill, and Clerk Magistrate Helen White. The 2024 Law Day theme is "Voices of Democracy."

Harvard Kent School 6th graders participated in an essay content during which the top three students were awarded prizes. First place winner Linna Mai read her essay, titled "What Law Means to Me." The second and third place winners are Lorelei Kielbasa and Iyobosa Uwague. The students were treated to a tour of each department as well as the Charlestown Court Museum, located on the court's second floor. The Museum features artifacts and items that celebrate Honorable George Lewis Ruffin, who in 1883 became the first African-American judge in the United States. Judge Ruffin, who presided over the Charlestown Court, was also the first African-American to graduate from Harvard Law School four years after Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation. In addition to the tour, the Charlestown students were served lunch. "It was a very well received event and we hope to host this celebration annually," said Jeffrey Kyi, BMC-Charlestown Assistant Chief Probation Officer.

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What is ChatGPT and why does it matter? Here's what you need to know

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an AI chatbot with natural language processing (NLP) that allows you to have human-like conversations to complete various tasks. The generative AI tool can answer questions and assist you with tasks such as composing emails, essays, code, and more.

Also : How to use ChatGPT: What you need to know now

It's currently open to use for free . A paid subscription version called ChatGPT Plus launched in February 2023 with access to priority access to OpenAI's latest models and updates.

Who made ChatGPT?

AI startup OpenAI launched ChatGPT on November 30, 2022. OpenAI has also developed DALL-E 2 and DALL-E 3 , popular AI image generators , and Whisper, an automatic speech recognition system.

Who owns ChatGPT currently?

OpenAI owns ChatGPT. Microsoft is a major investor in OpenAI thanks to multiyear, multi-billion dollar investments. Elon Musk was an investor when OpenAI was first founded in 2015, but has since completely severed ties with the startup and created his own AI chatbot, Grok .

How can you access ChatGPT?

On April 1, 2024, OpenAI stopped requiring you to log in to use ChatGPT. Now, you can access ChatGPT simply by visiting chat.openai.com . You can also access ChatGPT via an app on your iPhone or Android device.

Once you visit the site, you can start chatting away with ChatGPT. A great way to get started is by asking a question, similar to what you would do with Google. You can ask as many questions as you'd like.

Also: ChatGPT no longer requires a login, but you might want one anyway. Here's why

There are still some perks to creating an OpenAI account, such saving and reviewing your chat history and accessing custom instructions. Creating an OpenAI account is entirely free and easy. You can even log in with your Google account.

For step-by-step instructions, check out ZDNET's guide on how to start using ChatGPT .

Is there a ChatGPT app?

Yes, an official ChatGPT app is available for both iPhone and Android users.

Also: ChatGPT dropped a free app for iPhones. Does it live up to the hype?

Make sure to download OpenAI's app, as there are a plethora of copycat fake apps listed on Apple's App Store and the Google Play Store that are not affiliated with the startup.

Is ChatGPT available for free?

ChatGPT is free to use, regardless of what you use it for, including writing, coding, and much more.

There is a subscription option , ChatGPT Plus, that users can take advantage of that costs $20/month. The paid subscription model guarantees users extra perks, such as priority access to GPT-4o and the latest upgrades.

Also: ChatGPT vs ChatGPT Plus: Is it worth the subscription fee?

Although the subscription price may seem steep, it is the same amount as Microsoft Copilot Pro and Google One AI, Microsoft's and Google's premium AI offerings.

The free version is still a solid option as it can access the same model and most of the same perks. One major exception: only subscribers get guaranteed access to GPT-4o when the model is at capacity.

I tried using ChatGPT and it says it's at capacity. What does that mean?

The ChatGPT website operates using servers. When too many people hop onto these servers, they may overload and can't process your request. If this happens to you, you can visit the site later when fewer people are trying to access the tool. You can also keep the tab open and refresh it periodically.

Also: The best AI chatbots

If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, you can subscribe to ChatGPT Plus for general access during peak times, faster response times, and priority access to new features and improvements, including priority access to GPT-4o.

You can also try using Bing's AI chatbot, Copilot . This chatbot is free to use, runs on GPT-4, has no wait times, and can access the internet for more accurate information.

What is ChatGPT used for?

ChatGPT has many functions in addition to answering simple questions. ChatGPT can compose essays , have philosophical conversations, do math, and even code for you .

The tasks ChatGPT can help with also don't have to be so ambitious. For example, my favorite use of ChatGPT is for help creating basic lists for chores, such as packing and grocery shopping, and to-do lists that make my daily life more productive. The possibilities are endless.

ZDNET has published many ChatGPT how-to guides. Below are some of the most popular ones.

Use ChatGPT to:

Write an essay
Create an app
Build your resume
Write Excel formulas
Summarize content
Write a cover letter
Start an Etsy business
Create charts and tables
Write Adruino drivers

Can ChatGPT generate images?

Yes, ChatGPT can generate images, but only for ChatGPT Plus subscribers. Since OpenAI discontinued DALL-E 2 in February 2024, the only way to access its most advanced AI image generator, DALL-E 3, through OpenAI's offerings is via its chatbot and ChatGPT Plus subscription.

Also: DALL-E adds new ways to edit and create AI-generated images. Learn how to use it

Microsoft's Copilot offers image generation, which is also powered by DALL-E 3, in its chatbot for free. This is a great alternative if you don't want to shell out the money for ChatGPT Plus.

How does ChatGPT work?

ChatGPT runs on a large language model (LLM) architecture created by OpenAI called the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT). Since its launch, the free version of ChatGPT ran on a fine-tuned model in the GPT-3.5 series until May 2024, when the startup upgraded the model to GPT-4o.

Also: Here's a deep dive into how ChatGPT works

With a subscription to ChatGPT Plus , you can access GPT-3.5, GPT-4, or GPT-4o . Plus, users also have the added perk of priority access to GPT-4o, even when it is at capacity, while free users get booted down to GPT-3.5.

Generative AI models of this type are trained on vast amounts of information from the internet, including websites, books, news articles, and more.

What does ChatGPT stand for?

As mentioned above, the last three letters in ChatGPT's namesake stand for Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), a family of large language models created by OpenAI that uses deep learning to generate human-like, conversational text.

Also: What does GPT stand for? Understanding GPT 3.5, GPT 4, GPT-4 Turbo, and more

The "Chat" part of the name is simply a callout to its chatting capabilities.

Is ChatGPT better than a search engine?

ChatGPT is a language model created to converse with the end user. A search engine indexes web pages on the internet to help users find information. One is not better than the other, as each suit different purposes.

When searching for as much up-to-date, accurate information as you can access, your best bet is a search engine. It will provide you with pages upon pages of sources you can peruse.

Also: The best AI search engines of 2024: Google, Perplexity, and more

As of May, the free version of ChatGPT can get responses from both the GPT-4o model and the web. It will only pull its answer from, and ultimately list, a handful of sources, as opposed to showing nearly endless search results.

For example, I used GPT-4o to answer, "What is the weather today in San Francisco?" The response told me it searched four sites and provided links to them.

If you are looking for a platform that can explain complex topics in an easy-to-understand manner, then ChatGPT might be what you want. If you want the best of both worlds, there are plenty of AI search engines on the market that combine both.

What are ChatGPT's limitations?

Despite its impressive capabilities, ChatGPT still has limitations. Users sometimes need to reword questions multiple times for ChatGPT to understand their intent. A bigger limitation is a lack of quality in responses, which can sometimes be plausible-sounding but are verbose or make no practical sense.

Instead of asking for clarification on ambiguous questions, the model guesses what your question means, which can lead to poor responses. Generative AI models are also subject to hallucinations, which can result in inaccurate responses.

Does ChatGPT give wrong answers?

As mentioned above, ChatGPT, like all language models, has limitations and can give nonsensical answers and incorrect information, so it's important to double-check the data it gives you.

Also: 8 ways to reduce ChatGPT hallucinations

OpenAI recommends that you provide feedback on what ChatGPT generates by using the thumbs-up and thumbs-down buttons to improve its underlying model. You can even join the startup's Bug Bounty program , which offers up to $20,000 for reporting security bugs and safety issues.

Can ChatGPT refuse to answer my prompts?

AI systems like ChatGPT can and do reject inappropriate requests . The AI assistant can identify inappropriate submissions to prevent the generation of unsafe content.

Also: 6 things ChatGPT can't do (and another 20 it refuses to do)

These submissions include questions that violate someone's rights, are offensive, are discriminatory, or involve illegal activities. The ChatGPT model can also challenge incorrect premises, answer follow-up questions, and even admit mistakes when you point them out.

These guardrails are important. AI models can generate advanced, realistic content that can be exploited by bad actors for harm, such as spreading misinformation about public figures and influencing elections .

Can I chat with ChatGPT?

Although some people use ChatGPT for elaborate functions, such as writing code or even malware , you can use ChatGPT for more mundane activities, such as having a friendly conversation.

Also: Do you like asking ChatGPT questions? You could get paid (a lot) for it

Some conversation starters could be as simple as, "I am hungry, what food should I get?" or as elaborate as, "What do you think happens in the afterlife?" Either way, ChatGPT is sure to have an answer for you.

Is ChatGPT safe?

People are expressing concerns about AI chatbots replacing or atrophying human intelligence. For example, a chatbot can write an article on any topic efficiently (though not necessarily accurately) within seconds, potentially eliminating the need for human writers.

Chatbots can also write an entire essay within seconds, making it easier for students to cheat or avoid learning how to write properly. This even led some school districts to block access when ChatGPT initially launched.

Also: Generative AI can be the academic assistant an underserved student needs

Now, not only have many of those schools decided to unblock the technology, but some higher education institutions have been catering their academic offerings to AI-related coursework.

Another concern with AI chatbots is the possible spread of misinformation. ChatGPT itself says: "My responses are not intended to be taken as fact, and I always encourage people to verify any information they receive from me or any other source." OpenAI also notes that ChatGPT sometimes writes "plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers."

Also: Microsoft and OpenAI detect and disrupt nation-state cyber threats that use AI, report shows

Lastly, there are ethical concerns regarding the information ChatGPT was trained on, since the startup scraped the internet to train the chatbot.

It also automatically uses people's interactions with the free version of the chatbot to further train its models, raising privacy concerns. OpenAI lets you turn off training in ChatGPT's settings.

Does ChatGPT plagiarize?

Yes, sort of. OpenAI scraped the internet to train ChatGPT. Therefore, the technology's knowledge is influenced by other people's work. Since there is no guarantee that when OpenAI outputs its answers it is entirely original, the chatbot may regurgitate someone else's work in your answer, which is considered plagiarism.

Is there a ChatGPT detector?

Concerns about students using AI to cheat mean the need for a ChatGPT text detector is becoming more evident.

In January 2023, OpenAI released a free tool to target this problem. Unfortunately, OpenAI's "classifier" tool could only correctly identify 26% of AI-written text with a "likely AI-written" designation. Furthermore, it provided false positives 9% of the time, incorrectly identifying human-written work as AI-produced.

The tool performed so poorly that, six months after being released, OpenAI it shut down "due to its low rate of accuracy." Despite the tool's failure, the startup claims to be researching more effective techniques for AI text identification.

Also: OpenAI unveils text-to-video model and the results are astonishing

Other AI detectors exist on the market, including GPT-2 Output Detector , Writer AI Content Detector , and Content at Scale's AI Content Detection tool. ZDNET put these tools to the test, and the results were underwhelming: all three were found to be unreliable sources for spotting AI, repeatedly giving false negatives. Here are ZDNET's full test results .

What are the common signs something was written by ChatGPT?

Although tools aren't sufficient for detecting ChatGPT-generated writing, a study shows that humans could detect AI-written text by looking for politeness. The study's results indicate that ChatGPT's writing style is extremely polite . And unlike humans, it cannot produce responses that include metaphors, irony, or sarcasm.

Will my conversations with ChatGPT be used for training?

One of the major risks when using generative AI models is that they become more intelligent by being trained on user inputs. Therefore, when familiarizing yourself with how to use ChatGPT, you might wonder if your specific conversations will be used for training and, if so, who can view your chats.

Also: This ChatGPT update fixed one of my biggest productivity issues with the AI chatbot

OpenAI will use your conversations with the free chatbot to automatically training data to refine its models. You can opt out of the startup using your data for model training by clicking on the question mark in the bottom left-hand corner, Settings, and turning off "Improve the model for everyone."

What is GPT-4?

GPT-4 is OpenAI's language model that is much more advanced than its predecessor, GPT-3.5. Users can access GPT-4 by subscribing to ChatGPT Plus for $20 per month or using Microsoft's Copilot.

Also: What does GPT stand for? Understanding GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and more

GPT-4 has advanced intellectual capabilities, meaning it outperforms GPT-3.5 in a series of simulated benchmark exams. The newer model also supposedly produces fewer hallucinations.

What is GPT-4o?

GPT-4o is OpenAI's latest, fastest, and most advanced flagship model. As the name implies, it has the same intelligence as GPT-4. However, the "o" in the title stands for "omni," referring to its multimodal capabilities, which allow it to understand text, audio, image, and video inputs and output text, audio, and image outputs.

Also: 6 ways OpenAI just supercharged ChatGPT for free users

The model is 50% cheaper in the API than GPT-4 Turbo while still matching its English and coding capabilities and outperforming it in non-English languages, vision, and audio understanding -- a big win for developers.

Are there alternatives to ChatGPT worth considering?

Although ChatGPT gets the most buzz, other options are just as good -- and might even be better suited to your needs. ZDNET has created a list of the best chatbots, which have all been tested by us and show which tool is best for your requirements.

Also: 4 things Claude AI can do that ChatGPT can't

Despite ChatGPT's extensive abilities, there are major downsides to the AI chatbot. If you want to try the technology, there are plenty of other options: Copilot , Claude , Perplexity , Jasper , and more.

Is ChatGPT smart enough to pass benchmark exams?

Yes, ChatGPT is capable of passing a series of benchmark exams. A professor at Wharton, the University of Pennsylvania's business school, used ChatGPT to take an MBA exam and the results were quite impressive.

ChatGPT not only passed the exam, but the tool scored between a B- and a B. The professor, Christian Terwiesch, was impressed at its basic operations management, process analysis questions, and explanations.

OpenAI also tested the chatbot's ability to pass benchmark exams. Although ChatGPT could pass many of these benchmark exams, its scores were usually in the lower percentile. However, with GPT-4, ChatGPT can score much higher.

For example, ChatGPT using GPT-3.5 scored in the lower 10th percentile of a simulated Bar Exam, while GPT-4 scored in the top 10th percentile. You can see more examples from OpenAI in the chart below.

Can ChatGPT be used for job application assistance?

Yes, ChatGPT is a great resource to help with job applications. Undertaking a job search can be tedious and difficult, and ChatGPT can help you lighten the load. ChatGPT can build your resume and write a cover letter .

Also : How to use ChatGPT to write an essay

If your application has any written supplements, you can use ChatGPT to help you write those essays or personal statements .

What are the most common ChatGPT plugins, and how do I use them?

Plugins allowed ChatGPT to connect to third-party applications, including access to real-time information on the web. The plugins expanded ChatGPT's abilities , allowing it to assist with many more activities, such as planning a trip or finding a place to eat.

Also: My two favorite ChatGPT Plus features and the remarkable things I can do with them

On March 19, 2024, however, OpenAI stopped allowing users to install new plugins or start new conversations with existing ones. Instead, OpenAI replaced plugins with GPTs , which are easier for developers to build.

Users can find 3 million ChatGPT chatbots, also known as GPTs, on the GPT store. Unfortunately, there is also a lot of spam in the GPT store.

What is Microsoft's involvement with ChatGPT?

Microsoft was an early investor in OpenAI, the AI startup behind ChatGPT, long before ChatGPT was released to the public. Microsoft's first involvement with OpenAI was in 2019, when the company invested $1 billion, and then another $2 billion in the years after. In January 2023, Microsoft extended its partnership with OpenAI through a multiyear, multi-billion dollar investment .

Also: ChatGPT vs. Copilot: Which AI chatbot is better for you?

Neither company disclosed the investment value, but unnamed sources told Bloomberg that it could total $10 billion over multiple years. In return, OpenAI's exclusive cloud-computing provider is Microsoft Azure, powering all OpenAI workloads across research, products, and API services.

Microsoft has also used its OpenAI partnership to revamp its Bing search engine and improve its browser.

On February 7, 2023, Microsoft unveiled a new Bing tool , now known as Copilot, that runs on OpenAI's GPT-4, customized specifically for search.

What does Copilot (formerly Bing Chat) have to do with ChatGPT?

In February 2023, Microsoft unveiled a new version of Bing -- and its standout feature was its integration with ChatGPT. When it was announced, Microsoft shared that Bing Chat, now Copilot, was powered by a next-generation version of OpenAI's large language model, making it "more powerful than ChatGPT." Five weeks after the launch, Microsoft revealed that Copilot had been running on GPT-4 before the model had even launched.

How does Copilot compare to ChatGPT?

Copilot uses OpenAI's GPT-4, which means that since its launch, it has been more efficient and capable than the standard, free version of ChatGPT. At the time, Copilot boasted several other features over ChatGPT, such as access to the internet, knowledge of current information, and footnotes.

In May 2024, however, OpenAI supercharged the free version of its chatbot with GPT-4o. The upgrade gave users GPT-4 level intelligence, the ability to get responses from the web via ChatGPT Browse with Bing, analyze data, chat about photos and documents, use GPTs, access the GPT Store, and Voice Mode. Therefore, after the upgrade, ChatGPT reclaimed its crown as the best AI chatbot.

What is Gemini and how does it relate to ChatGPT?

Gemini is Google's AI chat service, a rival to ChatGPT. On February 6, 2023, Google introduced its experimental AI chat service, which was then called Google Bard. Over a month after the announcement, Google began rolling out access to Bard first via a waitlist . Now, it is available to the general public.

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Chatgpt vs. copilot: which ai chatbot is better for you, what does gpt stand for understanding gpt-3.5, gpt-4, gpt-4o, and more, chatgpt vs. chatgpt plus: is a paid subscription still worth it.

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Why does your teen say ‘skibidi’?

Skibidi! It’s a silly word that means ... literally nothing.

According to Urban Dictionary , the teen slang “is a word usually used to start a convo, specifically a convo filled with brain rot.” As the site separately explains, “ brain rot ” is slang to represent a person’s brain turning to mush or “rot” when obsessing over something.

So, using “skibidi” in a sentence might flag the start of a really ridiculous conversation.

Catch up on more teen slang!

What does 'rizz' mean?
Why does your kid call you 'bruh'?
What is ‘sus’? Decoding the latest slang word

“The most interesting thing about the word skibidi is that, unlike a regular word, it doesn’t have a set definition but can just be used as an adjective anywhere,” Adam Aleksic, aka, the “Etymology Nerd,” said in a TikTok video .

Aleksic added, “At the same time, it’s not just a random cluster of letters — instead, it follows the phonotactical rules of how words are put together in the English language. We call these ‘pseudo words.’ They’re completely meaningless but still recognizable as words and able to be pronounced.”

Aleksic says skibidi is more like a “non-lexical vocal” such as the name of the cartoon character Scooby Doo or even the sound “la, la, la.”

According to Know Your Meme , the word “skibidi” is from a series of TikTok videos first posted in 2022, featuring Yasin Cengiz rhythmically moving his midriff to the song, “ Dom Dom Yes Yes ” by music group Biser King.

What is ‘skibidi toilet?’

Similar to the slang phrases “ fax, no printer ” and “ NPC ,” there are variations of “skibidi” — for example, “skibidi toilet,” “Ohio skibidi toilet” and “skibidi toilet rizz.” The slang “rizz” means “ charisma .”

As stated by Know Your Meme , in February 2023, YouTuber “DaFuq!?Boom!” began creating “skibidi toilet” videos with different storylines that all involve a man’s head popping out of a toilet, lip syncing to a remix of “Dom Dom Yes Yes” with “Give It To Me” by Timbaland.

That video, with 3.8 million likes and more than 171 million views, is captioned, “toilet in Ohio.” Know Your Meme states that the “ Ohio ” reference came from a series of older memes that suggested the midwestern state should fall off the map — for mysterious reasons.

Oh and if you’re sick of skibidi toilet, you might have s kibidi t oilet s yndrome . According to Know Your Meme, it’s a fake illness to describe the aftereffects of watching too many of these videos.

Our prescription? Turn off the Wi-Fi.

Elise Solé is a writer and editor who lives in Los Angeles and covers parenting for TODAY Parents. She was previously a news editor at Yahoo and has also worked at Marie Claire and Women's Health. Her bylines have appeared in Shondaland, SheKnows, Happify and more.

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Miss Manners: I‘m hesitant to speak in Spanish with someone whose English may be better than my Spanish

Published: May. 30, 2024, 8:00 a.m.

"Miss Manners" Judith Martin Courtesy Andrews McMeel Universal

Judith Martin

DEAR MISS MANNERS: A Chilean friend of mine told me that he once spoke in Spanish to a store clerk, who mumbled something about “gringos.” My friend took this to mean that the clerk thought he was a gringo showing off his bad Spanish.

I’ve been studying Spanish for years, but I’ll never be fluent in it (my brain is too old). So I’m hesitant to initiate speaking in Spanish with someone whose English may be better than my Spanish.

Either way seems rude -- not speaking in Spanish when you can, or being presumptuous about the other person’s ability to speak English. I want to be polite!

GENTLE READER: It should not surprise you to hear that the answer will depend on the language and the country. Depending on your knowledge of both, you can adapt your preparation and behavior to get the best results.

In some countries, making an effort to speak the local language is taken as a compliment and therefore makes up for minor defects in accent or grammar. In others, accent is more important than grammar. And in at least one country Miss Manners can think of, not speaking the local language perfectly is taken as a personal affront, if not an indication of imbecility.

Surprisingly, the levels of tourism enjoyed by the above countries do not directly correlate with the locals’ behavior. In extremis, watch what other people are doing.

(Please send your questions to Miss Manners at her website, www.missmanners.com ; to her email, [email protected] ; or through postal mail to Miss Manners, Andrews McMeel Syndication, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO 64106.)

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AQA A Level Psychology - ALL Core Content Essay Plans

Subject: Psychology

Age range: 16+

Resource type: Assessment and revision

Last updated

30 May 2024

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Plans for all possible 16 markers, for example: Discuss two explanations for conformity (16 marks)//Discuss what psychological research has told us about why people conform. (16 marks) Discuss the legitimacy of authority and agentic state explanations of obedience. (16 marks) Discuss the multi-store model of memory. (16 marks)

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My son is profoundly autistic. Please don’t say he’s merely ‘neurodiverse.’

Advocates are fighting to eliminate terminology that accurately describes my son and thousands of people like him — who can’t speak up for themselves..

I t was pure coincidence that I happened upon the bloody site. Hoping to surprise my son, I drove to his favorite walking trail, along a lakefront, where I caught sight of police officers in a tense confrontation. Three officers stood side by side in an impenetrable wall while instructing someone splayed out and writhing on the ground. I hope Zack doesn’t get distracted by this scene , I thought.

As I neared the trail, I saw Zack’s aide, slouched inside her car, fully absorbed in texting. She was supposed to remain beside him at all times, but he was not with her. I called out to her, “Where’s Zack?” as my throat tightened with the realization he was nowhere in sight. I began sprinting toward the police officers — only to discover with mounting horror that Zack was the scene they were dealing with.

He was ravaging his forearms with deep, mutilating bites, thrashing angrily on the ground, and then rising to charge at the officers, who patiently but sternly reminded him to “stay seated” and repeated “Don’t panic, you’re not in trouble.” Breaking into the scene, I began a frantic avalanche of contrition. “I’m so sorry, I don’t know what triggered this —” But I was abruptly cut off by an officer who stated calmly, “Yes, we understand who he is and that he’s petrified.”

Somewhere during his sojourn along the lake, Zack, who was 20 years old at the time, had abruptly sat down too close to a woman seated on a bench, who gingerly told him to put on a COVID mask — and Zack bit her on the shoulder for what he perceived as a reprimand. The woman immediately summoned the police, not in anger but in compassion, realizing this young man was seriously disabled and apparently unattended.

“He’s not in trouble, the woman’s not pressing charges,” the officer assured me. “We’ve been trying to get him to recount a phone number of someone we could contact —” He halted, spying a robust purple bruise on my calf and deep bite marks encrusted with dried blood along my arms. His tone turned solemn. “I can only imagine what you’ve been through. I do understand.”

I stood in stunned silence. I was not prepared for them to be prepared. It had been 45 minutes since they first gathered around Zack with no identifying information, 45 minutes during which his very safety hinged not only on the instincts of a benevolent stranger whom he assaulted but on a shared understanding by all involved of his clinical identity — that Zack is profoundly autistic.

What’s remarkable about Zack’s behavior is how unremarkable it is. Autism has been on an inexplicable rise with no signs of a plateau. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 1 in every 36 children born today has autism, and 1 in every 4 of those will have “profound autism,” a clinical distinction for those with much higher needs than the more verbally and intellectually able people who also have an autism diagnosis. Individuals like Zack with profound autism have minimal or no expressive language and require round-the-clock care to assist with daily living activities and safeguard them from extreme behaviors such as self-injury, the destruction of property, and “elopement” — the term for running or wandering away from caregivers or secure locations.

But while parents like me struggle to manage our children’s dangerous impulses, a powerful cultural movement has taken hold that forbids open discussion of profound autism and its manifestations. Advocates for “neurodiversity” are seeking to eliminate the term “profound autism” — on the grounds, they say, that it makes it seem as if autism is always an affliction. And now they are bullying doctors, researchers, lawmakers, and the rest of society into ignoring truths about Zack’s disorder that define his life.

Sanitizing Zack’s diagnosis and intense needs is dangerous. That day out on the lakefront trail, my son’s safety turned on the officers’ ability to decode from his conspicuous behaviors that he has profound autism in particular. They told me they realized that Zack’s refusal to identify himself to them despite repeated requests stemmed from an inability to articulate salient information in a moment of acute stress. They employed a measured response to his rage by speaking in succinct, assertive phrases, repeating reassurances, and maintaining a physical distance. If they hadn’t had such precise training , which depends on recognizing precise clinical criteria rather than employing general descriptors such as “neurodiverse,” the scenario could have gone very differently — with his arrest, forcible restraint, and even suffocation and death.

The intimidation campaign

I embrace many of neurodiversity’s fundamental tenets, especially the idea that people with intellectual disabilities should be broadly accepted and included in society.

I’ve staked my career on this principle — I used to work in the US Department of Justice as a disability rights attorney. I witnessed firsthand the exclusion of people with physical and cognitive disabilities from the rituals of daily life most other people take for granted. And I believe parents and professionals must aspire to discern a child’s authentic needs rather than superimpose our own preferences on them or force them into compliant molds of “normal.” Our children do not need to be “typical” to thrive in a society designed for its vast majority, nor is that an attainable goal.

But the concept of neurodiversity is going into dangerous territory if diagnostic distinctions across the spectrum are now considered archaic and bigoted.

In 2021, the medical journal The Lancet published a report from a commission of worldwide medical experts who recognized the need for “profound autism” as a discrete diagnostic category. The backlash was swift and mighty.

Autistic self-advocates launched a virulent campaign to quash the term, arguing that it had arisen, in the words of self-advocate Julia Bascom , “because some parents . . . see their kids as needing different kinds of support and different levels of restriction. But they are wrong on all counts.” The Global Autistic Task Force on Autism Research, an advocacy group, responded to The Lancet commission by saying : “For more than 30 years, autistic people have resisted functioning labels as misleading and offensive.”

As neurodiversity advocates denounce any framing of autism as a disability that requires medical intervention, they demand more support systems for people with autism, such as independent living “that honors authentic forms of human diversity.” Groups like the Autistic Self-Advocacy Network, people who identify on social media as #ActuallyAutistic, and parent activists insist that there is no such thing as a “normal” brain, only relative differences that render all humans “differently abled.”

To them, frank discussions about profound autism give a distorted image of people like Zack as unpredictable, cognitively limited, and presenting more behavioral challenges than the general population. Except the image is not distorted. While it’s painful to accept, these descriptors are accurate. Over the course of a single day, Zack, who is now 23, might furiously pummel his head in rage, slam his body into a wall, and bite me hard enough to draw blood.

The neurodiversity advocates — whose members are distinguished precisely by their ability to advocate for themselves, as Zack cannot — are not illuminating the complexity of autism; they are castigating into submission anyone who dares to deviate from their accepted language.

Intolerance for the term “profound autism” is leaching into medical journals and doctors’ practices. Doctors who’ve devoted their careers to treating children who compulsively ravage their flesh and slam their skulls into the ground are now verbally castrated on social media and “canceled” from lectures so regularly that preserving their livelihood requires stifling crucial medical data . It’s become common for autism self-advocates to “shout down” researchers imparting medical data at conferences or to call the researchers out on social media for online hazing and threats by neurodiverse mobs.

Today, both experienced and newer autism researchers contemplate leaving the field because, as one University of California scientist, David Amaral , observed, “People are getting reluctant to give public presentations or to be too vocal about what they’re finding,” despite the fact that “science is supposed to be about communication.” Top research institutions like the National Institutes of Health (NIH), tasked with conducting clinical trials to illuminate the disorder, face vitriolic accusations of being “ableist” and uncomprehending of the very people they are trying to help.

After the The Lancet’s commission recognized “profound autism” in 2021, the journal published an article by a doctor who wrote: “Generally, physicians think that disability is medical, and that if a patient’s condition interferes with their daily life, they are disabled. This traditional, medical model of disability does not address societal factors that influence disability, nor does it recognize disability as a cultural identity. Viewing disability as an issue stemming from an impaired body can encourage physicians to view disabled patients’ quality of life negatively . . . and to offer treatments aiming to fix the patient.”

This is absurd. I know of no person with profound autism who proudly identifies self-mutilating or violent impulses as core to their “cultural” identity. There is nothing bigoted about striving to ameliorate dangerous behaviors.

More critically, it is not the role of medical researchers to kowtow to trending cultural demands at the expense of addressing medically life-threatening conditions. Erasing diagnostic distinctions will make it impossible to perform research into the behaviors that are associated with profound autism — research that could lead to drugs that could benefit people across the entire autism spectrum. Although about 27 percent of all people with autism have profound autism, the condition is already underrepresented in clinical trials, which typically exclude those with an IQ lower than 70.

Two years ago, my son was abruptly ensnared in a cycle of self-injury, physical assaults, and chronic insomnia that within days catapulted him into a dangerously manic state — during which he risked seizures and seriously injuring anyone in proximity to him. Introducing anti-psychotic medicine delivered the jolt of serotonin to Zack’s brain that allowed him to reclaim his stability. Might other medicines become available that would work better? A movement that vilifies any medical mention of “risk,” “limitations,” or extreme behaviors has the power to thwart the development of such urgently needed drugs.

I hope Congress hears parents like me

The Autism CARES Act, which allocates NIH-funded research and services, sunsets on Sept. 30. Fierce debates are already underway about what Congress should do when it reauthorizes this funding. On one side stand autistic self-advocates who rally against any research not explicitly approved by them. On the other are parents who are desperate for clinical advancements but are so engulfed in the daily ordeal of managing their profoundly autistic children’s aggression and property destruction that they are largely incapable of organizing. The few dedicated parents calling for NIH to set aside funding to specifically address “profound autism” are vastly outnumbered by neurodiverse advocates who seek to block the act from passing if such “stigmatizing” language is included.

The loudest voices seek to abolish all spending on autism medical research and replace it with select services, such as workforce initiatives, that assist only those with milder autism. It’s here that the idea of neurodiversity poses the greatest threat — a movement that celebrates autism in all its forms, and depicts even the most severe afflictions as “merely a difference,” vehemently opposes any investigation into autism’s causes as ableist.

The truth is that we still don’t know what explains the steep rise in autism — perhaps it’s the product of widespread environmental contaminants altering our children’s brains — and this increase needs urgent attention. As these children age, state programs already strained by the deluge of adults needing lifelong services threaten to collapse entirely. Capitulating to self-advocates’ demands amid a global proliferation of one of the gravest disorders of our time is not only morally incoherent but medical malpractice.

In the natural course of events, every profoundly autistic child will eventually be orphaned by the most qualified and dedicated caretakers he’s ever known — his parents. Absent meticulous advance planning and abundant resources, that child will be automatically transitioned by the state to placement in a residential living arrangement. For that child to be placed appropriately depends entirely upon having accurate clinical information about the intensity of his needs, taking into account the possibility of physical aggression, self-injury, elopement, property destruction, seizures, and other overlapping medical needs. I’m confident that if a person facing homelessness and a precariously uncertain future were asked whether he values a safe residential arrangement over semantics that obscure his diagnosis, he would choose the former.

For the record, any language that contorts or constricts the full scope of Zack’s identity is something I find deeply offensive. Zack has struggled with innumerable obstacles and heartbreak in navigating a world that does not come naturally to him, and his competence is strengthening to this day. Blurring his identity under the indistinct banner of “neurodiverse” erases Zack’s lived history — all that he has endured and overcome to get here.

Whitney Ellenby is a former disability rights attorney in the US Department of Justice and the author of the 2018 book “Autism Uncensored: Pulling Back the Curtain.” She is also the founder of Autism Ambassadors, which runs recreational events for over 800 families affected by autism in the Washington, D.C., area.

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Introduction

Historical Tapestry

Cultural Vibrancy: Festivals and Traditions

Economic Powerhouse: Industrial Excellence

Icons of Gujarat: Landmarks and Wildlife

Culinary Delights: Flavors of Gujarat

Religious Harmony: Places of Worship

Modern Development: Balancing Tradition and Progress

Tourist Attractions: Exploring Gujarat’s Diversity

Warmth of Gujarat: Hospitality and Community

Conclusion: Gujarat – A Living Mosaic

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