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• NATURE INDEX
• 29 April 2020

Leading research institutions 2020

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A researcher at the University of California, San Diego, prepares to launch a 3D-printed rocket. Credit: Erik Jepsen/UC San Diego

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing has topped the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables list as the most prolific producer of research published in the 82 selected journals tracked by the Index (see Graphic).

CAS’s Share of 1805.22 in 2019 was almost twice that of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, which came in second. Research institutions from China, the United States, France, Germany and the United Kingdom feature among the ten most prolific institutions in the Index. See the 2020 Annual Tables Top 100 research institutions for 2019 .

(Share, formerly referred to in the Nature Index as Fractional Count (FC), is a measure of an entity’s contribution to articles in the 82 journals tracked by the index, calculated according to the proportion of its affiliated authors on an article relative to all authors on the article. When comparing data over time, Share values are adjusted to 2019 levels to account for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in the Nature Index journals. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. See Editor’s note below.)

Source: Nature Index

Here is a selection of institutions from the top 25 of the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables .

University of Science and Technology of China

Share: 455.82; Count: 1,231; Change in adjusted Share (2018–19): +25.6%; Place: 8th

Established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1958 in Beijing (then known as Peking), the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) moved to its current location in Hefei, the capital of the eastern Chinese province of Anhui, in 1970.

Today, it employs about 16,000 students, including 1,900 PhD students, as well as 1,812 faculty members, 547 of which are professors.

Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables

The institution’s strongest subjects in the Nature Index are chemistry and physical sciences. USTC is a global collaborator, counting the Max Planck Society in Munich, Germany, the University of Oxford, UK, and Stanford University in California among its close partners.

In 2019, USTC researchers were part of an international team that discovered a stellar black hole with a mass 70 times greater than that of the Sun. The findings, published in Nature , were mentioned in more than 300 tweets and nearly 200 news stories, according to Altmetric.

University of Michigan, United States

Share: 343.45; Count: 939; Change in adjusted Share (2018–19): − 3.3%; Place: 19th

Placed first among public universities in the United States for research volume, according to the US National Science Foundation, the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor encompasses 260,000 square metres of lab space, which is accessed by students and staff in 227 centres and institutes across its campus.

With US$1.62 billion in research expenditure and more than 500 new invention reports in the fiscal year 2019, the University of Michigan is focused on innovative areas in research, including data science, precision health and bioscience. Its Global CO 2 Initiative, launched in 2018, aims to identify and pursue commercially sustainable approaches that reduce atmospheric CO 2 levels by 4 gigatons per year.

A 2019 study published in Science on honesty and selfishness across cultures, led by behavioural economist Alain Cohn, was covered by almost 300 online news outlets and reached more than 22 million people on Twitter, according to Altmetric. The study, which tested people’s willingness to return a dummy lost wallet, revealed a ‘high level’ of civic honesty.

University of California, San Diego, United States

Share: 340.85; Count: 1,048; Change in adjusted Share (2018–19): − 1.2%; Place: 20th

With US$1.35 billion in annual research funding, the University of California, San Diego, is a force in natural-sciences research, particularly in oceanography and the life sciences.

Its health-sciences group, which includes the School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, brought in US$761 million in research funding in the fiscal year 2019, and Scripps Oceanography, one of the world’s oldest and largest centres for research in ocean and Earth science, won $180 million in funding.

The university also has a focus on innovation, with more than 2,500 active inventions, 1,870 US and foreign patents, and 31 start-ups launched in 2018 by faculty members, students and staff. One such start-up was CavoGene LifeSciences, which aims to develop gene therapies to treat neurodegenerative disease.

Zhejiang University, China

Share: 329.82; Count: 815; Change in adjusted Share (2018–19): +10.5%; Place: 23rd

Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, is part of the Chinese government’s Double First Class Plan, which aims to develop several world-class universities by 2050. It employs 3,741 full-time faculty members and partners with nearly 200 institutions around the world.

Zhejiang’s total research funding reached 4.56 billion yuan (US$644 million) in 2018, with 926 projects supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Fund and 1,838 Chinese invention patents issued. The university is home to materials scientist Dawei Di, who was listed as a top innovator under 35 by MIT Technology Review in 2019 for his work on organic light-emitting diodes and perovskite light-emitting diodes.

In 2019, Zheijiang researchers published a Science paper with an international team that proposed a method for boosting plant growth while reducing water use, which could contribute to more sustainable agriculture practices.

Northwestern University, United States

Share: 317.12; Count: 762; Change in adjusted Share (2018–19): − 7.6%; Place: 25th

Founded as a private research university in 1851, Northwestern University, based in Evanston, Illinois, now also has campuses in Chicago and Doha, Qatar, and employs 3,300 full-time research staff. It has an annual budget of US$2 billion and attracts more than US$700 million for sponsored research each year.

The fastest-rising institution in the United States in high-quality life-sciences research output, Northwestern University was also 14th in the world in chemistry in the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables .

Its star researchers include mathematician Emmy Murphy, one of six recipients of the 2020 New Horizons Prize for her work in the field of topology — the study of geometric properties and relationships — and physicist John Joseph Carrasco and neuroscientist Andrew Miri, who in February were awarded prestigious Sloan Research Fellowships.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01230-x

This article is part of Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables , an editorially independent supplement. Advertisers have no influence over the content.

Editor’s note: The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals, selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at natureindex.com .

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From idea to innovation: the power of applied research institutes.

Function and focus

They are often created as a nonprofit entity operating within or in close collaboration with the university, leveraging resources, expertise, and facilities. Institutes can collaborate directly with industry and government clients on projects of interest and deliver innovative results. The research agenda can vary widely, from engineering to health carenational security and defense. An interdisciplinary approach to applied research is common; these institutes leverage expertise across fields of study to address complex challenges in bringing ideas to market.

Applied research institutes serve as valuable entry points for cross-sector partnerships. They provide the infrastructure, resources, and project management necessary to support large-scale collaboration. Many applied research institutes employ scientists, engineers, and technologists to conduct research on behalf of their clients. With their collaborative approach, applied research institutes can be a connection point for multiple clients, bringing together university researchers, industry leaders, and government agencies to address challenges and accelerate technologies.

National strategic priorities are a focus for many applied research centers with their ability to bridge the gap between fundamental research and application. The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft institutes, originating in Germany, are a model for this approach, with 76 dedicated institutes and research units operating around the globe. Similarly, the UK’s Catapult Network centers are dedicated to accelerating scientific advancements into market-ready products and services. By collaborating closely with government, business, and other partners, applied research institutes help address national research priorities by supporting research and innovation to solve challenges, strengthen the economy, and more.

Institute examples

Purdue Applied Research Institute (PARI) is deeply integrated with Purdue University’s engineering and science disciplines. It includes four divisions, each with its own specific research foci and objectives: national security and defense, infrastructure research and innovative solutions, global development and innovation, and technology acceleration. Along with research, other functions in PARI’s divisions include DIAL Ventures, a lab that supports startup creation while bringing digital innovation to food and agriculture, and the Purdue Institute for National Security, which partners with several federal agencies for research, testing, and workforce development.

Another example is the Applied Research Institute (ARI) at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, housed in the Grainger College of Engineering. ARI is divided into several research cores, including algorithm and software development, contextual innovation and practice, and materials development. ARI intentionally designed its model to integrate the university into its applied research activities. Clients are provided with a research partner to assist with their R&D needs, and faculty and students can participate in research that addresses real-world challenges. ARI is positioned as part of the research ecosystem in the Urbana-Champaign region, providing clients connections to the campus and other industry and federal clients and acting as an engine to develop, design, and commercialize technologies.

Why it matters

With a growing emphasis on translation and application in the global research landscape, applied research institutes are a channel to bring technologies to market. As a platform for industry and government clients to leverage university expertise to advance their ideas and technologies, applied research institutes nurture cross-sector relationships with the potential to create groundbreaking technologies, solve complex problems, and translate research outcomes into tangible technologies and applications.

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Advancing genome research for a better world

The innovative genomics institute believes in the potential of genome engineering to solve some of humanity’s greatest problems..

The Innovative Genomics Institute is a joint effort between the Bay Area’s leading scientific research institutions, UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco, with affiliates at UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Gladstone Institutes, and other institutions. The IGI’s diverse group of leading scientists have powerful interdisciplinary expertise. They conduct world-class research, driven by the real possibility of using genome engineering to treat human diseases, end hunger, and respond to climate change.

In addition to our scientific efforts, the IGI is committed to advancing public understanding of genome engineering, providing resources for the broader community, and guiding the ethical use of these technologies.

• About IGI Founder Jennifer Doudna
• IGI’s Leadership Team  

HOW WE OPERATE

The IGI envisions a world in which genome-engineering innovations benefit humanity and are accessible to all.

IGI Mission

The IGI’s mission is to bridge revolutionary genome-editing tool development to affordable and accessible solutions in human health, climate, and agriculture. We are working toward a world where genomic technology is routinely applied to treat genetic disease, enable sustainable agriculture, and help achieve a carbon-neutral economy.

We believe that science should serve the public good. Our work must realize the promise of genome engineering to advance human health and well-being. We will create genome-engineering solutions that meet an urgent need, serve a historically underserved community, or advance technology to meet these ends. We will create new paradigms for commercializing genome-engineering technologies that ensure broad, equitable access. We must always strive to maximize public benefit.

We are responsible to our members. We believe that good work and a good workplace support individual well-being, and that individual well-being is essential to doing our best work. Therefore, we must provide a workplace that is welcoming, inclusive, and honors the diversity of our community. There must be equal opportunity in hiring, development, and advancement. We must provide highly skilled leaders. Members must feel that their work is meaningful, and good work must be recognized. Student members must receive high-quality training and mentorship. All have a voice; all are welcome to make suggestions and complaints. Compensation must be fair and sufficient. 

We are responsible to our communities. In addition to our research, we must contribute to the scientific community through education, sharing resources, and guiding the ethical use of genome engineering. In our local communities, we must strive to be good neighbors, providing learning opportunities and inviting the community into discussions of genome-engineering uses, ethics, and policy that inform our ongoing work.

AREAS OF RESEARCH

Our work is divided into four programs, climate & sustainable agriculture, human health, public impact, advancing genome engineering.

Jennifer Doudna founded the IGI in 2014 through the Li Ka Shing Center for Genetic Engineering, which was created thanks to a generous donation from the Li Ka Shing Foundation. At the timed called the Innovative Genomics Initiative, it formed as a partnership between the University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, San Francisco. Combining the fundamental research expertise and the biomedical talent at UCB and UCSF, the Innovative Genomics Initiative focused on unraveling the mechanisms underlying CRISPR-based genome editing and applying this technology to improve human health. Early achievements include improving the efficiency of gene replacement and foundational work toward a treatment for sickle cell disease.

In January 2017, the IGI officially re-launched as the Innovative Genomics Institute. Generous philanthropic donations enabled a bolder vision and broader mission for the IGI, including research into agriculture, aimed at improving global food security. IGI expanded research areas to include personalized and tissue-selective delivery of human therapeutics, improved plant varieties for environmental and agricultural uses, and new microbe-inspired biotechnologies. To enhance the translation of agricultural innovations from the lab to the field, the IGI brought in key partners at the University of California, Davis, one of the foremost agricultural research institutions in the world.

In 2020, faced with the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, IGI rapidly built a CLIA-certified COVID-19 diagnostic testing lab. Over the next two and a half years, the lab would process over half a million tests for the UC Berkeley campus, local first responders, and community groups serving marginalized populations. With the ending of testing services in late 2022, the lab transitioned into a permanent, in-house clinical laboratory, focused on developing diagnostic tools for CRISPR therapeutics.

During this same time period, IGI expanded its Sustainable Agriculture program to make climate change a core focus. New funding supported large collaborative projects working to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, promote carbon removal by crop plants and farmland soils, and help agriculture adapt to a changing climate while continuing to feed the world.

As the IGI has grown, new facilities have enabled the institute to accelerate its work in key areas. The IGI Center for Translational Genomics serves as the hub of the institute’s efforts to develop CRISPR cures for rare diseases. The Center for CRISPR Target Discovery is enabling rapid screening for new therapeutic targets. The Plant Genomics & Transformation Facility has developed protocols for editing over 30 key crops. Finally, the Women in Enterprising Science facility is the home for IGI’s efforts to improve gender equity in biotechnology.

We are grateful to the many generous donors and philanthropic institutions whose funding makes our programs possible. We also receive funding through grants and industry partnerships.

The IGI welcomes donors large and small to support the mission of our institute. Learn more and give today .

Stance on Germline Editing

The Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) pioneers genome editing to solve some of humanity’s greatest challenges.

The IGI does not support current use of this technology in human embryos or reproductive cells with the intention to establish a pregnancy or birth; the societal implications of altering the human genome in a manner that will be carried into future generations are not understood at this time and represent significant potential risk.

The IGI’s therapeutic efforts focus solely on somatic cell genome and epigenome editing: making modifications to human cells that will treat that individual patient, without passing them to future generations. IGI scientists take this considered and ethical approach because we believe that somatic cell genome editing alone can be the foundation for a new category of clinically relevant treatments for a wide range of diseases.

Academic Research License

The Innovative Genomics Institute is a non-profit, academic research organization formed through the partnership of UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco. The University of California has a retained right to practice its inventions for educational and research purposes. This reservation of rights is explicit in our commercial licenses, and the act of patenting and licensing does not prevent us from making improvements to external technologies. When collaborating directly with biotechnology companies, the involved parties come to an agreement on how to handle intellectual property claims that may result from the joint work. Questions or concerns may be sent to ipira (at) berkeley.edu.

Research & Innovation

With more than $1.37 billion in annual R&D expenditures, Penn is one of the nation’s top research universities, not only generating important new knowledge in the fields of medicine, technology, business, science, and beyond, but applying this knowledge to improve the lives of individuals and communities at home and around the world. Innovative research that yields actionable knowledge is one of the cornerstones of Penn's vision for the future of the University.

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Key attributes of successful research institutes

Frank bradke.

1 Laboratory for Axon Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany

Aidan Maartens

2 Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Sarah A. Teichmann

3 Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Science does not take place in a vacuum: The physical and social workplace has a profound influence on scientific discoveries. Everyone at a research institute can contribute to its scientific output and productivity, from faculty research groups to facilities and platforms staff to administration and corporate services. Although the researchers addressing exciting scientific questions are key, their efforts can be fostered and directed by the overarching strategy of the institute, interconnection with facilities and platforms, and strong and directed support of the administration and corporate services. Everybody counts and everybody should be empowered to contribute. But what are the characteristics that make scientific organizations and their people flourish? This Essay looks at the structure and culture of successful research institutes, laying out different operational strategies and highlighting points that need be taken into consideration during their implementation.

What are the features that make a research institute and its people flourish? This Essay explores the organization and culture of successful research institutes and looks at the lessons that can be learned from them.

Introduction

When scientists start working at a research institute, they quickly realize that they are not just inside the bubble of their own laboratory, but are part of a bigger ecosystem. In the words of John Donne, “no man is an island,” and this rings true of scientists and research groups as well. The culture of a research institute, its scientific standards, its social cohesion, and its funding framework are critical to its research output. But what are the key ingredients for a thriving institute?

Research institutes across the globe have put considerable efforts into building environments that facilitate the conception and exploitation of novel scientific ideas. A critical aspect of these environments is educational: throughout their careers, scientists continuously learn from each other by emulation, discussion, collaboration, and competition. This reflects the proverb that states “it takes a village to raise a child.” A research institute provides exactly this. It is the whole village—with all its constituent residents—in which scientists develop, formulate, and pursue their ideas, but also from which they emerge to join other scientific communities worldwide.

In this Essay, we explore strategies that have helped institutes develop into particularly successful and special places. This analysis is based on our almost 4 decades of experience working as group leaders and program heads at research institutes and in sitting on institutional scientific advisory boards and external review panels. These experiences spurred hours of discussion among ourselves and with colleagues, mentors, and mentees about the underlying philosophy, research culture, and organizational structures of successful, adaptable, and forward-looking research institutes. Here, we share our perspectives from these informal discussions. There is an inevitable geographical bias towards those institutions that we have interacted with in one way or another, but we hope the lessons we have gleaned have relevance to research institutes across the globe.

Research institute organization and culture

The philosophy behind most research institutes is to free up scientists’ time to focus on research, with little or no teaching and the provision of internal funding. Many institutes do run world-class postgraduate training programs in affiliation with universities, but the focus tends to be on training through research projects rather than theoretical lectures. Research institutes often encourage interdisciplinarity and collaboration, and many form a structure to promote the intersection of disciplines such as biology with technologies and methods rooted in physics, chemistry, or computer science, for example. Research institutes have been remarkably successful, as demonstrated by their major contributions to ground-breaking discoveries such as the classification of developmental patterning genes [ 1 ], the determination of high-resolution biomolecular structures using cryo-EM [ 2 , 3 ], and the discovery of the structure of the ribosome [ 4 , 5 ], to name just 3 examples.

Research institutes occupy a specific niche in the larger research ecosystem. Their success can be measured by scientific contributions in the form of novel ideas, publication output, and grant funding. Furthermore, success is assessed not by shareholders but primarily by other scientists, both in a broad community sense and in terms of advisory boards, funding bodies, and so on. Other measures of success include the satisfaction levels of staff and trainees, their career development to go on to contribute to society in research or other venues, and commercial impact, for example. Selected examples of research institutes, their histories and characteristics can be found in Box 1 .

Box 1. Research institutes and their characteristics

The success of the research institute model is exemplified by biomedical research institutes. One prominent example is the Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) in Cambridge, United Kingdom, which was established by the Medical Research Council in 1947 and was the PhD training ground and dozen-year long workplace for one of us (SAT). The LMB boasts 12 Nobel Prizes and revolutionary breakthroughs such as key contributions to the discovery of the DNA double helix structure. Similarly famous is the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), whose successful PhD program was the training ground for another one of us (FB) and boasts 3 Nobel Prizes. This intergovernmental research organization was founded 1974 and provides amazing opportunities to group leaders to perform ground-breaking research through generous core funding in a completely free, blue skies research environment. As an example of a more recently established institute, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Janelia Research Campus in Virginia, United States of America was opened in 2006 and has an interdisciplinary approach ranging from mechanistic cognitive neuroscience through to the new “4D cell physiology” program. Its philosophy is to create a culture of collaboration with freedom to pursue research.

Many institutes have a dominant scientific and/or technological culture, be it structural biology (the LMB), genomics (the Wellcome Sanger Institute in Hinxton, UK), or neuroscience (HHMI Janelia Research Campus or the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) in Bonn, Germany). In addition, a “founding myth” and research culture, often related to the original leadership, is often woven into the institutes’ identity. For example, John Sulston propagated an open science and open data spirit at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, with a strong emphasis on team science, whereas Paul Nurse has built the Francis Crick Institute in London, UK into an environment supporting both basic and translational research and fostering the collaboration across both areas. The LMB identity is often associated with decades-long dedication to a single large scientific challenge, exemplified by Max Perutz’s solution of the structure of hemoglobin; additionally, Perutz’s manner of interacting with LMB colleagues in an informal, open, and nonhierarchical way feeds through to the institute’s culture today.

An important question that has grown in importance in recent years is how research institutes can promote a positive research culture. To us, research culture includes how staff and trainees interact with each other across the institute, what the institute defines as valuable and important, and what its definitions of success are (e.g., discoveries, papers, grants, spin-offs, training the next generation). It is influenced in both top-down and bottom-up ways: Leadership can set the tone and the values of the institute, while younger researchers, if well-integrated and listened to, can influence the institute’s direction and give the institute energy and excitement. It is also not just about people: Positive research culture can be incubated by the physical structure of the institute, in venues for social eating, sports, and after-work socializing, for example, as well as by regular events such as retreats to promote team building and coherence. The bottom line is that research culture is not just an added benefit for an institute: it can either nurture or impede the creativity of individual scientists, and as this creativity drives scientific discoveries, institutions are increasingly taking it seriously (see [ 6 , 7 ] for insightful discussion).

Thus a key question is how to incubate an inspirational research culture where productivity, ambition, and high-quality science are encouraged in a balanced, supportive, and inclusive way. While scientific output is generally perceived as the result of work by bench research scientists alone, there are multiple structures within a research institute involved in research delivery, and thus everyone in an institute is part of the research mission and should be recognized for their contributions. What are the ingredients required to craft a successful, collaborative, supportive, and thriving research environment? Below, we outline some key interacting components, which are summarized in Table 1 .

Considerations for a successful research institute

While there is not a single recipe for an ideal institute, every aspect of the “village” can influence the progression of the next generation of scientists and the discoveries they produce. Core facilities, a supportive administration and research groups form the golden triangle of a well-run institute ( Fig 1 ). Within the golden triangle, research institutes need to consider the following concepts to maximize their success (explored in detail in the following sections):

Institutes are built on a framework of funding and governance indicated in the floor of the building, which can be varied depending on the institutional model. To build and maintain the institute, strategic recruitment is important, as are supportive and constructive advisory committees (shown on the left-hand side). For a research culture that fosters productive and creative science, continuous open communication and collaboration is key between the 3 basic components within the institute: faculty research groups, facilities and platforms, and administration and corporate services. Varied types of outputs of a successful research environment are shown on the right-hand side. (Illustration credit: Christina Usher.).

• Listen, inside and out. Institutes need feedback mechanisms, both internal and external, to continuously evolve and optimize their organization and science.
• Enable scientists to focus on the science. Institutes benefit from effective, proactive, and communicative underpinning administration with a deep understanding of research culture, to free up scientists to focus on their science.
• Promote “plug and play” research. Effective and agile facilities and operational infrastructure, with state-of-the-art of the equipment, can be tremendously enabling for research.
• Build a holistic research environment. The institute needs a supportive research culture that empowers scientists to develop and realize their potential and promotes creativity.

While institutes are run in different ways and have different purposes, consideration of these key ingredients will help them to thrive.

Listen, inside and outside: Effective feedback mechanisms

Effective feedback mechanisms help research institutes assess how well their progress is aligning with their goals. Perhaps the most important source of feedback to the leadership is from staff working within the institute, who will have direct knowledge about how well the institute is running on a day-to-day level. Open channels of communication for staff are thus vital: this could be to their direct line managers or as regular (and optionally anonymous) surveys. These can then feedback into internal assessments on a more formal level; for example, annual reviews can showcase not only scientific achievements but also policies regarding staff wellbeing that have been enacted following feedback.

One of the key external sources of feedback comes from funding reviews and assessments, which can focus more on the achievements of individual research groups (such as at the LMB or at the Max-Planck Society institutes in Germany) or on entire departments or programs (such as at the Wellcome Sanger Institute or at the Helmholtz Association institutes in Germany). The kind of assessment regime chosen may influence the science that happens in the institute. More individual-based reviews have the benefit that responsibility lies very clearly with an individual principal investigator (PI), but intra-institute collaborations are not specifically incentivized. Of course, individual groups can independently reach out to potential collaborators, but the institute leadership needs to closely monitor how such interactions and scientific collaborations develop. The leadership might also influence collaboration by implementing a PhD and postdoc program for training in the latest techniques in the different research areas or provide a venue for cross-pollination of different ideas to stimulate intellectual creativity and innovation. Crossing disciplines does come with risks as well as opportunities [ 8 ], especially if the groups do not speak a common language, and again leadership can step in in these situations, providing opportunities as well as monitoring the effectiveness of interactions (occasional joint review meetings with members of leaderships of across disciplines may help to facilitate this).

By contrast, the more collective-based review of entire departments or programs may incentivize intra-institute collaboration. This facilitates and expedites delivery of large research programs with a single common goal, as epitomized by the concerted contribution from the Sanger Institute to the Human Genome Project [ 9 ] and the Human Cell Atlas [ 10 ], and the Rhineland-Study at the DZNE [ 11 ]. To make sure that individuals from different fields will be motivated to interact with each other around the shared project in such collective programs, leadership needs to provide opportunities for interactions and ways of monitoring their effectiveness. Large projects with relatively well-articulated goals can catalyze development of technologies and provide data sets that individual laboratories can build on in the future (advances in genome sequencing during the Human Genome Project is a clear example of this).

Regardless of whether a research institute adopts individual or group evaluation, it is crucial to have a transparent and clear process that is communicated upfront to all parties within the institute and to the evaluation committee. The process should be proportional and efficient, as limited in time as possible, and occur with as little possible disruption to the research at the institute. In addition, a separate, carefully appointed standing scientific advisory board that engages in constructive feedback can provide vital and complementary comments. Such advisory boards ideally contain 1 or 2 members with long-term knowledge of the institute’s history and culture, who truly know the organization. Their sustained input can be vital, especially for new institutes still finding their feet. Finally, it is worth considering widening the net in terms of guidance and feedback to include wider society (for an example, see Box 2 ). We see engagement with wider society as a two-way dialog, with both parties benefitting [ 12 ].

Box 2. Examples of successful practices by research institutes

Expand feedback.

• The Centre for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona, Spain engages citizens and stakeholders to guide and co-create its long-term research strategy .

Support core facilities

• EMBL’s ARISE program of fellowships supports training of highly educated research infrastructure scientists. Researchers who want to stay in science but not on the tenure track are provided with an opportunity to learn the skills necessary to develop and maintain infrastructure, and core facilities will benefit from hiring well-trained staff.
• Cross-Europe initiative Core for Life brings together core facilities managers to together define best practices, provide training, validate and share technologies, and advocate for the importance of funding for core facilities.

Boost technology transfer

• Yeda commercializes the intellectual property generated by scientists at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel.
• The Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Innovation & Business team (Ghent, Belgium) bridges the institute’s science and industry by establishing patents, intellectual property licenses, industry collaborations, and spin-off companies.
• The Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute in New York, USA helps researchers from 3 biomedical centers translate their discoveries to preclinical studies.

Expand trainee experience

• Many organizations, such as EMBL , provide PhD training programs across departments/sites, increasing exposure to multiple disciplines.

Improve equity, diversity, and inclusion

• The Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência in Lisbon, Portugal runs the António Coutinho Science Awards , which provide fellowships and research funding to citizens of Portuguese Speaking African Countries (PALOP) or descendants of those from PALOP countries.
• The Wellcome Sanger Institute recently launched the three-year postdoctoral Excellence Fellowships , which are aimed at people from Black heritage backgrounds.
• The Athena Swan charter can help institutions achieve gender equality objectives and provide structures for self-assessment.
• The Wellcome Sanger Institute has a Behavioral Competency Framework (BCF) that all employees sign up to and which defines the behaviors expected and encouraged in the entire institute.
• International graduate programs such as Taiwanese International Graduate Program foster diversity by recruiting PhD students from across the world.

Network across institutes

• EU-LIFE is an alliance of leading life sciences research centers from 15 European countries, which forms a strong advocacy voice to influence policy, share best practices, and inspire open and ethical science.

Let scientists focus on the science with a proactive and communicative administration

While all scientists love discussing their new discoveries and next experiments, and some also like to spend time developing longer term scientific strategies, very few are passionate about administrative organizational strategy. This may be a mistake given the importance of an efficient administration for the smooth running and success of a research institute [ 13 ]. While institutes rightly seek excellence in faculty recruitment, they should also invest effort into recruiting and training excellent administrators.

The administrative apparatus needs to balance the desire of scientific leaders for unconstrained freedom with the necessity of managing budgets and applying business principles and governance in often publicly funded, not-for-profit organizations with liabilities and legal obligations. Finding the balance between these 2 objectives is challenging. For administration to operate harmoniously with research groups, dedication to the research culture of the institute and a proactive approach to enable science are foundational. Administrative staff need to understand that speed and flexibility can make all the difference in science. Every employee joining the administration should be made aware of the scientific research process in the institute. What are the results, discoveries, and outputs of scientific research? Why does timeliness matter? Administrative staff should understand the importance of rapid and nimble responses when providing scientists with working instruments, tailored contracts, and efficient and understandable guidelines. Supportive administrative staff will proactively provide information and co-develop (with researchers) streamlined processes and standard operating procedures to help the scientists achieve their research goals while complying with rules and regulations.

A bottom-up, proactive administration culture can be usefully complemented by a top-down organizational strategy. The administrative leadership needs to clearly articulate the vision and overarching goal of rapid and nimble research support, empowering proactive and creative problem solving by all administrative staff members. A key element of this is the level of tolerance with respects to mistakes. Getting the balance right between agility, speed, and risk aversion is important for administrative teams.

To help achieve this mindset and culture, a “liaison” system between administrative team heads and faculty members can be remarkably effective. Each administrative department can have research group leaders who act as contact points, resulting in a bidirectional dialog and exchange of information. Similarly, when faculty members understand the mechanisms and constraints of administration, they can recognize when and how to request changes effectively—communication is vital.

To develop a proactive administration who are aligned with the research aims and culture of the institute, administrative staff must feel welcomed and valued. However, administrators commonly feel their skills are underappreciated [ 14 ]. Thus, it is key to communicate with respect and to publicly acknowledge and support the vital work that administrators do.

It is impossible to overemphasize the importance of communication to an institute. Internal communication has a key role in its day-to-day functioning: top-down, it allows all staff to stay informed of the long-term goals and strategies of the institute; bottom-up, it allows leadership to stay abreast of the research advances and practical concerns of the workforce; and sideways, across the institute, researchers greatly benefit from knowing what their neighbors are doing (this can help foster collaborations). Smooth and positive communication across roles enables a committed and effective research culture to flourish.

External communications, on the other hand, ensure that discoveries are not confined to the pages of scientific journals. As many institutes are publicly funded, they have a duty to convey their discoveries to the public in relatable and exciting ways. Thus, a well-supported communications office can be a great help to any institute. Communication professionals can act as the bridge between scientists and the media, help write press releases and create audiovisual output, and train scientists in how to tell their research stories. External communication also has a key role in defining an institute’s success and promise to potential funders. In certain regions, philanthropic donations can make up a significant portion of an institute’s income, and therefore, many institutes have dedicated philanthropy departments to manage and promote this activity. Here, a key aspect is donor engagement: the institute needs to communicate the impact of donations, which may be in the form of events, lay reports, or lab tours, for example.

Facilitate “plug and play” research with facilities and operational infrastructure

Core facilities, comprising technical instrumentation, methods, and the expertise of highly trained staff, enable faculty teams to focus on new areas of scientific development while benefitting from services such as next-generation sequencing, microscopy, bioinformatics, and research software engineering. Core facility teams often implement cutting-edge methodologies for the benefit of the whole institute [ 15 ], and shared core facilities can offer efficiencies and economies of scale. Indeed, core facilities can act as “force multipliers” for various essential aspects of the institute, from recruitment and retention to grants and knowledge production [ 16 ].

To develop the broad expertise needed to optimally exploit new technologies, community and collaboration are key. For example, faculty teams and core facility staff can work closely together to develop, optimize, and scale-up a new technique or methodology. Just as we discussed with regards to administration, it is crucial to get core facility staff on board with the vision of the institution and to publicly acknowledge their work, such as via authorship and/or acknowledgements in papers and talks, and in events or awards. Two examples of endeavors to support core facility staff are outlined in Box 2 .

The governance of core facilities is an important consideration: researchers must be ensured fair access, and a balance must be struck between adopting cutting-edge techniques and maintaining a high level of robustness and reliability in results and data delivery. A steering committee structure can maintain oversight of the facility, and a transparent online system can monitor services provided and usage statistics, turnaround times, and key performance indicators. Depending on the research focus of the institute, some facilities can grow to be exceptionally large and need a more defined structure and management. For example, research institutes that deal with large genomic data packages and huge sample sizes require specific adopted management schemes (for an informative case study, see [ 17 ]).

Build a holistic environment to empower individuals to develop and realize their potential

Research institutes are not merely spaces where science is done. Rather, they can proactively accelerate research advances and enhance the day-to-day lives and career prospects of the researchers within. This can be in more structural/formal respects (such as recruitment, technology transfer, and training) and also in social/cultural dimensions that generate a positive environment where ideas and creativity thrive.

Recruitment

Research is fundamentally about the people involved, so recruiting talented staff that contribute to the institute aims and culture is vital. Hiring decisions have far-reaching implications for the institute in terms of both science and culture, and this applies across the board for anyone hired in any capacity. Institutes deal differently with recruitment, ranging from an internally driven process (e.g., Wellcome Sanger Institute) to a largely external assessment (e.g., EMBL, where hiring committee members are drawn from across the international European Molecular Biology Organization membership). Each have their benefits and risks.

In internally driven recruitment, the institute and its leadership are in complete control of individual promotions, recruitment, science, and personnel strategy. The vision and strategy of the leadership team is executed in a top-down manner, with the advantage that decisions can be made quickly. At the same time, unchallenged views on strategy and personnel selection may allow bias and nepotism to creep into the process. To counterbalance this, human resources departments have a key role in ensuring well-managed recruitment campaigns, and the external scientific review process provides further checks and balances. External assessment has the advantage of objectivity and potentially avoiding personal issues and local politics. Recruitment by hiring committees with eminent external members may help increase trust in a system. Potential disadvantages include the risk of “parachuting” someone in who does not understand the research areas and organizational context of the current faculty and also a risk of consensus decisions that promote orthodoxy in hiring. There may not be a single ideal way of conducting recruitment in a given research institute—what is key is an awareness of the pitfalls of both approaches and taking steps to counterbalance them.

Once hired, scientists rightly want to be fairly renumerated for their efforts. While an attractive package is a nonnegotiable factor in decisions about where to work, extra perks such as on-campus childcare or residential accommodation can make a huge difference to the lives of scientists. Differences in pay within the institute need to be well justified based on experience and delivery. Maintaining fairness and transparency is crucial in order to avoid pay and resource gaps that are not justified based on scientific productivity, such as the gender pay gap (for a recent survey of this gap in the UK, see [ 18 ]). Finally, the option of dual hires (where spouses are hired to the same institution) can be a huge incentive for a candidate to accept an offer, particularly if they are coming from a different country.

A key question is whether to hire new PIs on tenure-track or no-tenure models. The dynamically changing workforce that no-tenure models can generate might avoid intellectual stagnation and help the leadership adapt to new challenges with new hiring. At the same time, new PIs may be put off by the lack of long-term security and be more attracted to tenure-track models. To counteract this, research institutes can extend time periods of fixed-term contracts and offer more generous core funding. In our experience, a good distribution of experience contributes to a stimulating research environment: junior group leaders bring energy, dynamism, and a fresh, sometimes revolutionary perspective, while senior group leaders contribute mentorship, experience, stability, and strategic perspectives. A healthy balance of faculty members with different levels of experience, without a concentration of only junior or only senior group leaders, may thus be a common aim.

The number of faculty is also a key consideration. There is no “ideal” institute size because more or less staff may be required depending on the research questions and funding environment. While smaller institutes may appear to provide a more convivial atmosphere, the social “tone” of an institute of any size can be influenced by leadership style and work culture, as discussed below. Related to institute size is group size. While some institutes restrict group size (e.g., the Francis Crick Institute and the LMB), others have no explicit limit. Small groups can have effective communication and teamwork, and their leanness can give a greater focus on a particular problem, whereas large groups are able to be interdisciplinary, with critical mass in 2 or more areas, and provide the benefits of research done at scale. Indeed, research as a whole flourishes with a diverse range of group sizes, with large groups expanding and building up research, and small groups starting new areas of inquiry [ 19 ].

Whatever the size, institutes work best when grouped around either a technology (e.g., the Structural Studies Division at the LMB) or around a biological topic (e.g., neurodegeneration at the DZNE). This leads to the question of how to manage the extent of interdisciplinarity within an institute. Focus on a single discipline might inhibit creativity, while too much interdisciplinarity might lead to a lack of overlap between research groups, with no benefit from synergies. The best space might therefore be somewhere in between [ 6 ].

Individuals are what make any institute run—science is really about people and their day-to-day interactions. This means that recruitment can make a huge difference to the “feel” of an institute. When hiring new faculty members, scientific capability is of course key, but not the only aspect. How well will this personality merge with the existing faculty? Alternatively, are they too similar, so would the institute benefit from disruption of the status quo? Do they fully buy in to the research culture and vision that the institute is striving for? Individuals with energy and drive can further energize others, provide inspiration for students and postdocs and, in turn, make the institute an attractive place to work for future hires. Identifying such individuals can thus be key, particularly in the early stages of an institute’s life.

The appointment of a new director is one of the most influential recruitment decisions, as they act as a figurehead for the institute, externally and internally. The new appointee might take the institute in an entirely new research direction or aim to develop a new kind of research culture: the appointment itself is a statement of the future vision of the institute. What counts as an ideal candidate will of course depend on an institute’s priorities. Is scientific excellence paramount or administrative experience? As discussed above, the decision between hiring from inside or outside will also have great implications. While an insider may understand the institute’s unwritten rules and be able to quickly identify key issues, an outsider may bring a fresher view, with novel ideas and management qualities. Personal style is crucial here, but overall leadership (of any organization) is fundamentally about serving the mission and the people in the institute. Directors who are exceptional in this regard have often been founders or early directors of institutes (e.g., Janet Thornton, an early director of the EMBL–European Bioinformatics Institute), perhaps because they feel so closely intertwined with the institutes’ identity and people.

Technology transfer and training

Once staff are in place, there are various ways that research institutes can build a supportive and inspirational research environment. As hubs of innovation, institutes generate novel ideas and inventions, and to ensure that these findings are protected and taken forwards for the benefit of society, a technology transfer system can manage intellectual property and the process of licensing and commercialization. Innovation and business development teams can also educate researchers to promote an entrepreneurial attitude, and institutes in turn must make space for, recognize, and reward activities such as the founding of start-up companies. This could be via reward and incentives through sharing of royalties from patents or the use of employment contracts with a percentage of time given over to entrepreneurial activity. Examples of successful technology transfer are shown in Box 2 .

In addition to helping scientists achieve impactful discoveries, forward-looking institutes will train scientists at all levels in the key skills required for the scientific workplace, but also in communication, research management, and leadership. Scientific training will allow researchers to stay up to date with cutting-edge methodologies. To prepare students and postdocs for life as an independent investigator (if this is the path they choose), research institutes can provide access to training in writing papers and grants, project and lab management, and science communication/public engagement. PhD programs that provide training across departments and sites can be extremely useful and stimulating, exposing students to various techniques and scientific perspectives early on in their training that are often exploited in subsequent thesis work and later careers. An institute’s success may be measured in large part by the impact of its trainees on society, and a well-supported training and outreach program can be invaluable to this.

The mentorship of younger scientists by more senior staff in the institute can be crucial to their career success. As well as providing career guidance, compassionate mentors outside of the host lab can help to tackle research misconduct in its many forms. Young researchers should have trust in the wider system and know that they can raise concerns without having to challenge their supervisor directly: a supportive mentoring network can provide this.

Building an inclusive environment

One of the beauties of working in science is encountering people from different cultural backgrounds, and research institutes should aim to integrate different personalities and characteristics, fostering diversity, and viewing it as a strength. An inclusive environment brings out the best in scientists and science [ 20 , 21 ], and different ways of thinking contribute to greater creativity. Thus, diversity in scientific approaches is more likely to be found among a group of diverse individuals, and a successful research culture takes equality, diversity, and inclusion seriously. As we have argued with respect to gender equality [ 22 ], this must be built in at the policy level so that the system is organized to incentivize good behavior. We are also encouraged by the efforts of funders in this regard, such as Wellcome [ 23 ] and HHMI [ 24 ]. Going forwards, research institutes need to further develop and promote inclusive policies encompassing areas such as equality of opportunity, parental leave policies, protection from bullying and harassment, and sustainability. There should be public, high-level buy-in for these policies and dedicated funding streams.

There have been numerous recent examples of research institutes implementing policies to promote equality, diversity, and inclusion in locally relevant ways ( Box 2 ). Ensuring diversity on management and advisory boards is another aspect that needs to be developed to achieve a greater diversity in the workforce at all levels in the long term.

The majority of discussions about diversity of science (inevitably including those covered in this piece) are centered around helping institutions in Western nations increase diversity. The risk is that this is less relevant for other institutes, particularly those in nations where English is not commonly spoken. For such institutes, a bigger problem may be to attract top science talent from the global marketplace. A highly funded institute in a wealthy nation may appear “more diverse” because it has the luxury of attracting global talent, and the definition of what constitutes “diverse” will differ from country to country. While we do not explore these issues further here, we hope this article spurs responses from colleagues around the world, who might share their local experiences for research institute success. Discussions with colleagues based in Taiwan show how institutes there have established international PhD programs ( Box 2 ) and targeted recruitment of faculty and guest professorships to access the global talent pool.

Wherever the institute, a positive research culture can be helped by a clearly articulated code of conduct ( Box 2 ). Such frameworks should be developed with the staff of the institute, should be open to change over time, and be flexible enough to accommodate the various cultural backgrounds and personalities that necessarily make up a modern research institute. Rather than being a restrictive straight jacket or homogenizing tool, they should be a way of recognizing and fostering behaviors that contribute to a positive research culture without suppressing personal authenticity and freedom of speech. Indeed, there are many different types of people that can be accommodated and contribute to a team. Exciting research often occurs on the fringes: There is a risk that research institutes stifle those with unorthodox views who may not appear to conform to standard expectations of behavior or research direction, yet bring unique strengths and perspectives to the table. The challenge for leadership is how to accommodate researchers with potentially difficult characteristics within a broadly inclusive and tolerant environment.

Finally, a positive research culture must have staff wellbeing at the core: just as an institute must ensure staff safety via a dedicated health and safety program, staff mental health should also be high on the radar of institute leadership. There are various ways in which mental health can be supported (for a recent perspective, see [ 25 ]).

Meeting today’s and tomorrow’s challenges

Research institutes today have to meet a host of new, often interlinked, challenges that stand in the way of their ability to transform society with scientific innovation. A first challenge is simply to get the necessary funding to carry out research. Many institutes have found their funding curtailed in recent years (e.g., due to austerity programs that reduce government spending on research or inflationary pressures). To help counter this, prominent institutes can act as vocal advocates for science funding. A well-run communications department and publicly vocal and compelling director will undoubtedly help in this regard. Institutes can and should be in the public conversation, helping to counter disinformation and increase public trust in science, which ideally will feed back to politicians allocating budgets. Elsewhere in the world, research funding has been a persistent issue that will likely continue into the future. While philanthropy or global funding sources are potential solutions, another option is to expand international collaborations between institutes (taking inspiration from EU-LIFE, see Box 2 ). In this way, people, skills, and knowledge would move between countries in a way that strengthens local capacities. Is the time ripe for a United Nations of Research Institutes?

The COVID-19 pandemic was a global challenge that changed the way all research institutes worked. While the short-term effects were seismic—institutes shut for months at a time during lockdowns, freezing whole programs of research—there were also more lasting impacts, notably the naturalization of hybrid or remote working. This brings its own challenge: how can we foster team cohesion when interactions are mainly virtual? Online conferences are often less interactive than in-person ones, leading to fewer of the chance meetings that seed many of the innovations of the future (for discussion, see [ 26 ]). The risk is that the same might occur within research institutes, if the corridors and cafeterias are not filled with the sounds of scientists discussing their latest data. On the other hand, the virtualization of science can increase inclusivity, both at local and global levels (e.g., those with caring duties can work from home, while cutting-edge science can be shared virtually worldwide to expand knowledge transfer). Overall, for an institute, maintaining a strong identity and research culture may always rely on people meeting in person, but harnessing new virtual technologies to increase remote interactions (e.g., in virtual reality) can also complement this. A great challenge in the future therefore is how to maintain the physical–virtual balance.

A global challenge that will only increase in coming years is the climate crisis. Many scientists are increasingly uncomfortable with flying for work (for discussion, see [ 27 ]). Institutes can also have a role here, for example, in mandating the number of international trips expected from faculty as part of wider carbon reduction or net zero policies. A slew of climate-related societal challenges will inevitably impact research institutes, including food shortages, changes in migration patterns, acute health impacts, and physical impacts on infrastructure such as flooding. The institute’s operational leadership will need to keep these impacts on the horizon to guide their choices. Just as important will be the psychological effects of a changing world on the people working within the institute: climate anxiety may, at least in part, be mitigated by strong and open climate policies at the institute level.

A final challenge—and opportunity—is the increasing inclusion of artificial intelligence (AI) into an institute’s work and culture. While it is still difficult to envision how AI will affect our approaches, we expect that we are at the beginning of a major change. For example, the newly developed ways to analyze data and literature using AI may provide transformative insights for research and research culture. We expect AI to change how we develop novel scientific ideas and concepts. Institute leadership needs to closely follow the challenges and opportunities that arise through this transformative technology, and importantly, involve all staff in conversations about how best to move forward.

Overall, a research institute has to balance a multitude of factors. It needs to support scientists to flourish and forge a career, while simultaneously adopting an overarching research strategy that relies on good team workers, efficient project/research managers, and good leaders of people. Holistic, collaborative, and responsive approaches are vital to create scientific villages that foster the next generation of scientists and continue to produce world-changing discoveries.

Acknowledgments

We thank Genevieve Almouzni (Institut Curie), Mary Barlow (EMBL-EBI), Monica Bettencourt-Dias (Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência), Ansgar Büschges (University of Cologne), Hwai-Jong Cheng (IMB, Academia Sinica), Martin Dougherty (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Eugenio Fava (DZNE), Yukiko Goda (RIKEN), Ilona Grunwald Kadow (University of Bonn), Muzlifah Haniffa (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Sabine Helling-Moegen (DZNE), Reinhard Jahn (Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences), Sarah Jewell (DZNE), Yishi Jin (UCSD), Lizzy Langley (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Cheng-Chang Lien (National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University), Pierluigi Nicotera (DZNE), Steve Palmer (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Maggie Payne (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Mike Stratton (Wellcome Sanger Institute), Gaia Tavosanis (University of Aachen), Ron Vale (UCSF), and Dagmar Wachten (University of Bonn) for reading and discussion. We thank Christina Usher for the figure illustration.

Funding Statement

The authors received no specific funding for this work.

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SEIRI functions as an independent campus unit administered by the Office of Academic Affairs. SEIRI serves as the hub of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education innovation, research, evaluation and consultation and brings together expert educational researchers with scientists and discipline-based educational researchers in order to inform and reform undergraduate and graduate education across IUPUI’s campus and beyond.

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[Video: SEIRI’s logo with SEIRI and STEM Education Innovation & Research Institute. Some gear images with each one has different technology symbol such as rocket, tower station, battery, computer and so on.] A female speaks: SEIRI stands for stem education innovation and research institute. [Video: Image of IUPUI main library building with its address next to it.] [Words: LOCATED: UL 1123, First floor of University Library past the bank of elevators.] The female speaks: We are located on the first floor of university library past the bank of elevators on the left in room 1123. [Video: Images and names of SEIRI leadership team with Pratibha Varma-Nelson, Ph.D., Founding Executive Director; Snehasis Mukhopadhyay, Ph.D., Associate Director; Kim Nguyen, Ph.D., Director for Statewide and Regional Collaborations.] The female speaks: SEIRI has been around since 2016 with Pratibha Varma-Nelson serving as SEIRI's Founding Executive Director. We have recently been joined by Snehasis Mukhopadhyay as our Associate Director and both work closely with Kim Nguyen, the Director for Statewide and Regional Collaborations. [Video: Images and names of SEIRI research & evaluation team on top from left to right with Deb Cole, MS, Academic Specialist, Programming Associate, LSMRCE Project Manager; Grant Fore, MA, Research Associate; Michelle Quirke, LSAMP Project Manager, and on bottom from left to right with Annwesa Dasgupta, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Research; Danka Maric, MA, Research Associate; Virginia Rhodes, MS, Research Associate.] Female speaks: We also have several individuals on our research and evaluation team who come from a wide range of backgrounds and are happy and available to help stem faculty in any capacity. [Video: SEIRI’s Vision & Mission.] [Words: Vision: To be a nationally and internationally recognized institute of excellence for STEM education research and innovation, contributing to the advancement of STEM education across IUPUI, the nation, and the world.] [Words: Mission: To advance the state of the art of STEM education research and practice across IUPUI’s campus and beyond.] Female speaks: The role of SEIRI is to be the hub of all activities related to stem education and innovation at the college level. Our research associates work with faculty who are teaching at the undergraduate or graduate level and are interested in innovative curriculum reform trying out or devising new pedagogies introducing technology in their classes or going online as a lot of faculty were required to do. Due to covid, we consult with faculty we provide evaluation for projects that faculty develop, and we help faculty turn ideas into fundable projects. [Words: Research: Investigating fundamental questions of how people learn STEM.] [Words: Evaluation: Assessing the effectiveness of STEM education, practices, and programs.] [Words: Innovation: Developing novel pedagogies to facilitate students learning of STEM.] [Words: Consultation: Supporting & participating in the scholarship f STEM teaching & learning.] The female speaks: Ultimately, we enable stem faculty to pursue pedagogical research in the context of their courses their classes and their departments. And this makes SEIRI a leader in STEM education research and evaluation on campus. However, SEIRI is not limited only to these three areas. Innovation is also a big focal point whether that be staff and SEIRI leading educational innovations or partnering with faculty across the STEM schools on campus in creating educational innovations and then researching the outcomes of those innovations. And lastly, we have consultations. SEIRI does a lot of consulting with faculty on campus about how to go about doing research evaluation and innovation. And any faculty members that have questions or interest in these areas are encouraged to use our consulting services. [Video: Two images sowing people in SSG meetings.] [Words: SEIRI Seed Grants (SSG).] [Words: Facilitates the development, implementation, and evaluation of pedagogical innovations of STEM curricula at IUPUI (https://seiri.iupui.edu/ssg/index,html)] [Words: SSG 2020: https://seiri.iupui.edu/doc/ssg/2020_RFP_Sept2020.pdf )] [Words: A table show SSG project awards in 2019 and the lead department.] The female speaks: Faculty are also encouraged every year to apply for our SEIRI Seed Grants or SSGs for short. The SEIRI Seed Grants program is a competition that facilitates and supports STEM education innovation and research. Specifically, this opportunity provides funding for faculty members to develop implement and evaluate the impact of pedagogical innovations across multiple IUPUI stem courses. SEIRI awarded six SSGs last year and are currently in the process of reviewing proposals for 2020. Annwesa Dasgupta serves as our internal seed grant facilitator and manages anything and everything to do with this grant award program. For more information on SSGs. please contact her or visit our website. [Video: Sample Projects including Cyber Peer-Led Team Led Learning (cPLTL), Integrated Community-Engaged Learning & Ethical Reflection (I-CELER), Evidence-Informed Promotion of Inclusive Climate (EPIC) at IUPUI.] [Words: Cyber Peer-Led Team Led Learning (cPLTL): Seeks to engage students as active participants in online activities with complex problem-solving, collaboration, communicating effectively, and self-directed learning; https://cpltl.iupui.edu/.] [Words: Integrated Community-Engaged Learning & Ethical Reflection (I-CELER): Funded by NSF-Cultivating Cultures if ethical STEM; Strives to build STEM faculty’s instructional self-efficacy in ethical theory and community-engaged pedagogy.] [Words: Evidence-Informed Promotion of Inclusive Climate (EPIC) at IUPUI: Funded by NSF ADVANCE Adaptation; Works toward improving institutional climate and promoting inclusive leadership practices to address inequities in the representation, retention, and advancement of women, particularly women of color, in the STEM faculty.] The female speaks: Although the SSGs are a big component of SEIRI, we also do work on several other projects for example we are conducting research on students and peer leaders participating in PLTL and cPLTL. Through an NSFCCE STEM grant, we are also able to facilitate and explore institutional transformation of two IUPUI departments where we are promoting the integration of community engaged learning and ethical reflection in these two-stem curricula. Our final sample project is funded through an NSF advanced adaptation grant and works on improving institutional climate and promoting inclusive leadership practices across all stem departments at IUPUI. [Video: For more information with image of Sheila Summers who smile at the camera.] [Words: Please visit our website: seiri.iupui.edu/ .] [Words: Contact Sheila Summers. [email protected] ] [Words: 317-278-0168] The female speaks: For more information about projects SEIRI is involved with or about working with SEIRI, please visit our website or contact Sheila Summers. You may also consider signing up for the SEIRI newsletter for information on events, recommended resources, and readings, and to keep up to date on what is happening at SEIRI.

Interested in SEIRI seed grants program?

The SEIRI Seed Grants program is a competition that facilitates and supports improvements, innovation and research in STEM education at IUPUI within the School of Science, School of Engineering and Technology, School of Informatics, and IU School of Medicine, with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of instruction and success of students, including low-income and underrepresented students. Learn more about this program

Arc Innovation Investigators & Ignite Awards

The arc institute seeks to foster collaborations built on scientific curiosity, a deep commitment to truth, and interdisciplinary science. arc innovation investigators & ignite awardees are researchers at stanford university, uc berkeley, and ucsf who are awarded unrestricted funding to pursue visionary ideas in curiosity-driven science and technology development., sign up to be notified when we launch our next call for applications., arc innovation investigator awards.

Innovation Investigators are awarded $1 million in unrestricted funding from Arc over the five-year term of their appointment. During this time, Innovation investigators benefit from access to Arc resources and facilities, including the opportunity to collaborate with our Technology Centers and to use Arc scientific core facilities, while maintaining their lab and position at their university.

Meet Our Innovation Investigators Arc is delighted to welcome our inaugural cohort of Innovation Investigators.

Technology Development

K.k. lee professor of chemical engineering and by courtesy, of chemistry and materials science and engineering at stanford university.

Assistant Professor of Bioengineering at University of California, Berkeley

Chemical Biology

Nathanael gray, krishnan-shah family professor of chemical and systems biology at stanford university.

William Greenleaf

Professor of genetics, and by courtesy, of applied physics at stanford university.

Computational Science

Incoming assistant professor in the department of chemical engineering and data science at stanford university..

Human Genetics

Assistant professor of biochemistry and biophysics at university of california, san francisco; assistant investigator at gladstone institutes.

Neurobiology

Anna molofsky, associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the university of california, san francisco.

Alanna Schepartz

T.z. and irmgard chu distinguished professor of chemistry and professor of mcb at university of california, berkeley.

Associate Professor of Medicine at University of California, San Francisco

Becoming an innovation investigator at arc, appointment.

Awardees act as intellectual bridges between the universities and the institute, while maintaining their labs, employment, and appointments at their home university (Stanford University, UCSF, or UC Berkeley).

Eligibility

We encourage innovative research proposals that may be challenging to support via traditional funding sources and are aligned with Arc’s mission of understanding and treating complex human diseases.

Scientific Focus Areas

Scientific focus areas may change for future calls for applications.

Indirect costs will be paid at the negotiated rate between Arc and the university. This will not impact the direct cost budget for Arc’s Innovation Investigators.

Lab members supervised by Arc Innovation Investigators may visit Arc and collaborate with Arc team members but will remain employees of their home university.

In addition, Innovation Investigators have access to flex office and lab space at Arc.

Arc Ignite Awards

The Arc Ignite Award program grants awardees a one-time $100,000 gift to kickstart exciting ideas that would be difficult to fund via traditional funding mechanisms. Our inaugural cohort of Arc Ignite Awardees include 11 faculty from Stanford, UC Berkeley and UCSF with research areas spanning chemical biology, computational biology, human genetics, immunology, neurobiology and technology development.

Meet Our Ignite Awardees

Katrin Andreasson

Professor of neurology at stanford university.

Faranak Fattahi

Assistant professor of cellular molecular pharmacology at university of california, san francisco.

Michael Fischbach

Professor of bioengineering at stanford university.

Martin Kampmann

Associate professor of biochemistry and biophysics at university of california, san francisco.

Maureen Lyles D’Ambrogio Professor of Medicine - Hematology at Stanford University

Alexander Marson

Professor of medicine at university of california, san francisco and director of gladstone-ucsf institute of genomic immunology.

Alex Pollen

Associate professor of neurology at university of california, san francisco.

Xiaojie Qiu

Incoming assistant professor of genetics and, by courtesy, of computer science at stanford university.

Julia Salzman

Associate professor of biomedical data science, of biochemistry and, by courtesy, of statistics and of biology at stanford university.

Robert Saxton

Assistant professor of molecular and cell biology and chemistry at university of california, berkeley.

Andrew C. Yang

Assistant professor of neurology and anatomy at university of california, san francisco.

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Purdue Applied Research Institute

The Purdue Applied Research Institute (PARI) delivers timely advanced solutions to global challenges by combining applications-focused research expertise with state-of-the-art facilities. We leverage Purdue University's world-class capabilities to offer practical customer-driven results in national security, global development, and critical infrastructure.

Featured Videos

Research divisions, national security and defense.

The Purdue Institute for National Security (PINS) spans the early stage, use-inspired research of Purdue and the later-stage applied, translational and classified research of PARI to provide strategic access to Purdue’s full spectrum of national security and defense research capabilities, talent and world-renowned facilities.

Infrastructure Research and Innovative Solutions (IRIS)

IRIS leverages Purdue resources and develops new ones to be at the forefront of innovation, efficacy and efficiency in constructing next-generation facilities for national security and defense and energy and power infrastructures.

Global Development and Innovation (GDI)

Through innovation, research, science and technology GDI works to forge practical development solutions for issues in humanitarian assistance, food security, education and youth development, environment, energy and data science.

Technology Acceleration

The Digital Innovation in Agri-food Systems Laboratory (DIAL Ventures) the primary initiative of the Technology Acceleration Division, is dedicated to driving digital innovation and creating high-value startup companies in the food and agriculture industries. DIAL develops entrepreneurs and ideas to create and fund high-value startup companies for the agri-food industry.

PARI welcomes summer microelectronics interns at WestGate

ODIN, Ind. – The Purdue Applied Research Institute’s (PARI) Microelectronics...

Purdue successfully tests HYPULSE shock tunnel capable of replicating Mach 40 conditions

It’s nearing 3 p.m. on April 1, 2024, and six...

Food and Ag-ISAC brings Purdue, PARI into University Partnership Program

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. – Purdue University and the Purdue Applied...

Featured Program: HAMTC

Hypersonics Advanced Manufacturing Technology Center (HAMTC)  is a single location at Purdue for industry partners to work on materials and manufacturing innovations and provide access to testing capabilities at Purdue that would enable the U.S. to overtake near peer adversaries in the field.

Auster Center for Applied Innovation Research

What is the auster center for applied innovation research.

The Auster Center for Applied Innovation Research (AIR) is dedicated to advancing our understanding of how innovation, particularly technology innovation or innovations that are touched by technology, can be fostered, translated, and applied to do good in the world. The AIR Center at Tufts Gordon Institute supports and funds Tufts faculty and students to conduct research to explore novel ways to solve wicked problems and achieve impact through applied innovation. The work of the AIR Center at Tufts Gordon Institute will establish Tufts University’s thought leadership in Applied Innovation Research.

This cause is very dear to my heart, and I am both honored and humbled that this new center will play such a pivotal role in advancing applied innovation research at Tufts.

Chuck Auster, Chairman of the Board of Advisors, Derby Entrepreneurship Center at Tufts

The air center at tufts gordon institute focuses on four objectives:.

• Initiating and executing applied innovation research with a focus on forward-looking research that influences how leaders and organizations might act in the future, rather than backward-looking research that solely focuses on analyzing what happened in the past.
• Launching a grant program to stimulate transdisciplinary applied innovation research, soliciting proposals from across Tufts University.
• Supporting undergraduate research opportunities, where undergraduates can receive grant money to join summer innovation research projects with faculty members.
• Building industry partnerships to provide both sources of innovation challenges as well as partners to co-create new methods for fostering and translating innovation to impact. 

Careers at the AIR Center at Tufts Gordon Institute

Director & auster professor of the practice in applied innovation, tufts gordon institute, tufts university school of engineering.

Tufts University seeks an experienced innovator, strategic leader, and high impact doer to be the inaugural Director and Auster Professor of the Practice in Applied Innovation for the Auster Center for Applied Innovation Research (AIR). The new center will be dedicated to advancing our understanding of how innovation, particularly technology innovation or innovations that are touched by technology, can be fostered, translated, and applied to do good in the world. Solving today’s toughest challenges will require innovative transdisciplinary approaches. The Auster Center will be a hub for transdisciplinary applied innovation research catalyzing collaborations of multi-disciplinary teams from across the university. The work of the Center will establish Tufts University’s thought leadership in applied innovation research.

Applied innovation research led by the Auster Center will support deep investigations into new methodologies and approaches for stimulating, incubating, and fostering innovation in the world at large, not just within for-profit organizations, but also non-profits, governments, and non-government entities. Insights and guiding principles gained from the research will guide and accelerate the creation of transformative leaders and organizations, helping them to realize their purpose and maximize their impact through applied innovations.

The Center Director will bring deep experiences successfully driving innovations in large organizations, such as large corporations, as well as experiences leading applied research, from securing external research funding to disseminating research findings, e.g., in peer reviewed journals. As a Professor of the Practice, the Center Director will join Tufts Gordon Institute faculty with an immediate community of over 40 colleagues whose expertise span all phases of an organization’s growth, from early stage to scaling to optimizing to continuous renewal. The Professor of the Practice and Center Director will also join the School of Engineering faculty, a collegial and vibrant community of world-class researchers and educators. The Director will report to Kevin Oye, the Executive Director of Tufts Gordon Institute.

For further information about the Auster Center for Applied Innovation Research, please contact Tufts Gordon Institute at [email protected] .

Innovative Genomics Institute

In addition to our scientific efforts, the IGI is committed to advancing public understanding of  genome engineering  and providing resources for the broader community.

Jennifer Doudna (President) Email [email protected]

Brad Ringeisen (Executive Director)

Melanie Leavitt Cantarutti Email [email protected]

Innovative Genomics Institute 2151 Berkeley Way Berkeley, CA 94704

[email protected]

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The Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies ® (BRAIN) Initiative

Funding Opportunities

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The BRAIN Blog covers updates and announcements on BRAIN Initiative research, events, and news. 

Hear from BRAIN Initiative trainees, learn about new scientific advancements, and find out about recent funding opportunities by visiting The BRAIN Blog.

Photo and Video Contest

Voting is Open! Help us select this year's contest winners by casting your vote through June 3! 

Winners will be announced at the 10th Annual #BRAINInitiative Conference.

10th Annual BRAIN Initiative Conference

June 16, 2024 : Early career investigator evening event

June 17 –18, 2024 : Plenary talks, posters, symposia sessions, and more

Location: Rockville, MD and online

Director's Corner

NIH BRAIN Initiative Director Dr. John Ngai discusses the impact of BRAIN-funded research and the importance of innovation and technology in revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain.  In his Director's Corner, you'll find insights on BRAIN-funded studies, news stories of interest, and multimedia highlights. 

Unlocking the Climate-Smart Potential of Controlled Environment Agriculture

Resource innovation institute (rii) is a not-for-profit, public-private partnership who brings together industry leaders, governments, and utilities to collaboratively find data-driven solutions to advance controlled environment agriculture (cea), and to shape supportive policies, programs, and best practices..

In partnership with

We advance farm productivity and community resilience.

To us, climate-smart agriculture includes water-wise, locally grown production that is quantifiably lower in life cycle carbon emissions impacts. we’re here to prove it..

We achieve our mission by working in three program areas:

• Data & Research
• Education & Training
• Market Development

Access best practice guidance towards resource efficiency

RII offers Best Practices Guides designed specifically for producers of food, floriculture and medicine, as well as key market actors like governments and utilities. These reports, sponsored by partners like the USDA and the US Department of Energy, are written by RII’s technical team with insights from our subject matter expert Technical Advisory Council faculty members.

Download our latest guides

To begin your journey towards resource efficiency.

• Water Circularity

Controls & Automation

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Latest news, rii releases best practices guide for integrating controls and automation technologies to enhance cea resource management, quick links.

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RII Grower Feature: Kush Alley and Maven Genetics Set the Demand Response Standard in California Cannabis Cultivation

Scoping out carbon emissions, maximizing yield and efficiency: the role of hvac commissioning in controlled environment agriculture, improve your efficiency with rii’s best practices guides.

The horticultural market has changed a lot, technology has advanced, and so have the technical terms used to describe everything. RII’s peer reviewed Best Practices Guides help growers understand the most resource efficient HVAC and lighting technologies for cannabis and controlled environment agriculture. We are here to show growers how to use efficient

➝ Download Reports

INTELLIGENCE

Resource benchmarking, baselines & standards.

PowerScore, our resource benchmarking platform analyzes facility-level performance on energy, emissions, water and waste. We help compare farm performance against similar peers. Cultivators and their supply chain partners can assess differences between HVAC and lighting technologies designed for cannabis cultivation.

➝ See PowerScore

POLICY & UTILITY COORDINATION

Resource efficient controlled environment agriculture.

As an objective, data-driven non-profit organization, RII informs effective policies and incentives that accelerate conservation. RII has provided a trusted, stakeholder-driven voice as leading jurisdictions, including Massachusetts, California, Illinois and Colorado, have established policies and codes addressing the energy and water impacts of cannabis cultivation and controlled environment agriculture. In late 2019, RII formed its Utility Working Group on Controlled Environment Agriculture to enable power suppliers and energy efficiency program administrators to learn from each other and advance best practices on program design, savings methodologies and grower outreach.

➝ Join Utility Working Group

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Resource innovation institute: advancing resource efficiency to create a better agricultural future.

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Alejandro Balazs Receives NIH Avant Garde Award for Innovative HIV and Substance Use Disorder Research

Date: May 28, 2024 By: Nick Kolev

Ragon faculty member Alejandro Balazs, PhD, has been awarded a prestigious Avant-Garde Award for HIV and Substance Use Disorder Research from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This award is part of the NIH Director’s Pioneer Award mechanism, which supports individual scientists of exceptional creativity who propose high-impact research that will open new areas of HIV research and/or lead to new avenues for prevention and treatment of HIV among people who use drugs. Balazs received this award for his project titled “Polyclonal Bi-Specific Vectored ImmunoTherapy to Functionally Cure HIV Infection,” which aims to create vectors capable of producing multi-specific polyclonal antibodies in vivo. The project seeks to test whether engineered polyclonal immune responses will more effectively suppress HIV-1 infection than individual antibodies. Multiple vector designs will be compared to identify those with optimal activity both in cell culture and in vivo. The ultimate goal of the project is to achieve a functional cure for HIV infection in people with substance use disorders by resisting the emergence of escape mutants. This project could have profound implications for treating HIV in the context of substance use disorder, offering improved therapeutic interventions for individuals who struggle with existing antiretroviral drug regimens. The NIDA is the lead federal agency supporting scientific research on drug use and addiction. It is one of the 27 institutes comprising the NIH, the nation’s medical research agency.

Press Releases

New target in sight for HIV vaccine development

Decades into the HIV epidemic, there is as yet no effective vaccine to prevent new cases. In a recent Nature Immunology article (Ray et al.), the Batista lab of the Ragon Institute has preclinically validated a new HIV immunogen design approach from the Scripps Institute’s Schief lab targeting an unexplored site on the HIV-1 Envelope protein (Env).

This award is part of the NIH Director’s Pioneer Award mechanism, which supports individual scientists of exceptional creativity who propose high-impact research that will open new areas of HIV research and/or lead to new avenues for prevention and treatment of HIV among people who use drugs.

PRISM 2024 Concludes

Earlier this month, the 2024 Ragon PRISM Science Club concluded after eight weeks of providing high school students from underrepresented communities in the Greater Boston area a hands-on experience of scientific research.

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Press Release May | 30 | 2024

Statin Therapy May Prevent Cancer by Blocking Inflammatory Protein

Key takeaways.

• A team led by investigators from Mass General Cancer Center found that statins—commonly used cholesterol-lowering drugs—may block a pathway that leads to the development of cancer in the context of chronic inflammation
• The team’s experiments showed that environmental toxins, such as those caused by exposure to allergens and chemical irritants, create a cascade effect that stimulates inflammation in the skin and pancreas that can lead to cancer
• Their findings suggest that using statins to suppress this pathway may have a protective effect against the development of cancer that results from chronic inflammation

BOSTON, MA (May 30, 2024) — A new study led by investigators from Mass General Cancer Center , a founding member of the Mass General Brigham healthcare system, reveals that statins—commonly used cholesterol-lowering drugs—may block a particular pathway involved in the development of cancer that results from chronic inflammation. The findings are published in Nature Communications .

“Chronic inflammation is a major cause of cancer worldwide,” said senior author Shawn Demehri, MD, PhD, a principal investigator at the Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center of Massachusetts General Hospital and an associate professor of Dermatology at Harvard Medical School.

“We investigated the mechanism by which environmental toxins drive the initiation of cancer-prone chronic inflammation in the skin and pancreas,” says Demehri, who is also the Bob and Rita Davis Family MGH Research Scholar 2023-2028. “Furthermore, we examined safe and effective therapies to block this pathway in order to suppress chronic inflammation and its cancer aftermath.”

Demehri and his colleagues’ study relied on cell lines, animal models, human tissue samples and epidemiological data. The group’s cell-based experiments demonstrated that environmental toxins (such as exposure to allergens and chemical irritants) activate two connected signaling pathways called the TLR3/4 and TBK1-IRF3 pathways. This activation leads to the production of the interleukin-33 (IL-33) protein, which stimulates inflammation in the skin and pancreas that can contribute to the development of cancer.

When they screened a library of U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs, the researchers found that a statin, pitavastatin, effectively suppresses IL-33 expression by blocking the activation of the TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway. In mice, pitavastatin suppressed environmentally-induced inflammation in the skin and the pancreas and prevented the development of inflammation-related pancreatic cancers.

In human pancreas tissue samples, IL-33 was over-expressed in samples from patients with chronic pancreatitis (inflammation) and pancreatic cancer compared with normal pancreatic tissue. Also, in analyses of electronic health records data on more than 200 million people across North America and Europe, use of pitavastatin was linked to a significantly reduced risk of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

The findings demonstrate that blocking IL-33 production with pitavastatin may be a safe and effective preventive strategy to suppress chronic inflammation and the subsequent development of certain cancers.

“Next, we aim to further examine the impact of statins in preventing cancer development in chronic inflammation in liver and gastrointestinal tract and to identify other novel, therapeutic approaches to suppress cancer-prone chronic inflammation” said Demehri.

Authorship: Jong Ho Park, Mahsa Mortaja, Heehwa G. Son, Xutu Zhao, Lauren M. Sloat, Marjan Azin, Jun Wang, Michael R. Collier, Krishna S. Tummala, Anna Mandinova, Nabeel Bardeesy, Yevgeniy R. Semenov, Mari Mino-Kenudson, and Shadmehr Demehri.

Disclosures: Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48441-8 . Funding: Research support was provided by the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the LEO Foundation, the Sidney Kimmel Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health.

Paper cited: Park JH et al. “Statin prevents cancer development in chronic inflammation by blocking interleukin 33 expression.” Nature Communications DOI:  10.1038/s41467-024-48441-8.

Shawn Demehri, MD, PhD

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From interim to permanent: Lovenduski named INSTAAR director

The University of Colorado Boulder has named Associate Professor of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC) Nikki Lovenduski director of the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), effective July 1. Lovenduski has served as interim director of INSTAAR since August 2023 .

Nikki Lovenduski

“With more than a decade of contributions to both INSTAAR and the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Nikki was a natural choice for the interim role,” said Massimo Ruzzene, vice chancellor for research and innovation and dean of the institutes.

“During her time as interim director, Nikki has made an immediate and positive impact on the INSTAAR team and demonstrated that she is the right person to lead the institute for the foreseeable future. We’re delighted that she will be able to extend this impact by continuing as director on a long-term basis.”

The appointment was made based on the recommendations of a search committee led by Matt Keller, director of the Institute for Behavioral Genetics, and with enthusiastic support from the INSTAAR community. 

Lovenduski, who in July will become a full professor in ATOC, joined CU Boulder in 2010 as a faculty fellow of INSTAAR and an assistant professor in ATOC. She teaches courses in global climate change, oceanography, ocean biogeochemical dynamics, carbon cycling and the evolution of scientific ideas. She served as ATOC's director of Graduate Studies from 2020 to 2023. She has conducted impactful work on ocean acidification, ocean biogeochemistry, the marine carbon cycle, and the effects of climate change and nuclear war on the ocean.

Lovenduski has mentored more than 60 undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral researchers across multiple departments, serving as advisor or committee member. She helped lead and grow INSTAAR's largest working group: the JEDI (Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion) Task Force.

About the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)

INSTAAR has an international reputation for leadership in far-reaching projects, environmental monitoring, precision data sets, integrative modeling, and long-term relationships with place and people. With deep roots in Quaternary history, polar regions, and alpine environments, INSTAAR embraces a broad global perspective on the Earth’s past, present and future, with a focus on bellwethers of environmental and social change. INSTAAR maintains field sites across all seven continents, the world ocean, and the atmosphere, including terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from the tropics to the poles.

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First Deputy Minister --- RYABEV, Lev Dmitriyevich (Izvestiya, 23 May 02). Deputy Minister (Nuclear Weapons Complex) --- KAMENSKIKH, Ivan (Izvestiya, 19 Mar 03). Deputy Minister --- NIGMATULIN, Bulat, ( Interfax 8 Dec 01). Deputy Minister --- VINOGRADOV, V. (Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 4 Apr 00) Deputy Minister --- ANTIPOV, Sergey Viktorovich, appointed (Nuclear.ru, 15 Nov 02).

• ["Antipov was born in 1948, graduated from the Moscow Physical Engineering Institute (1972), and is a physicist and engineer (experimental and theoretical physics, plasma physics).  In 1996 he graduated from the Moscow State Law Academy as a lawyer specializing in jurisprudence. Prior to being appointed to the post of deputy minister he headed the Center for Organizational and Legal Issues at the Kurchatovskiy Institut Russian Scientific Center.  As director and coordinator of the project on nonproliferation and nuclear weapons control in the sphere of the record keeping and control of nuclear materials, and of systems for the physical protection of nuclear installations, he participated in regular Russian-American working conferences. . . .the main areas of his activity . . . will be the recycling of nuclear submarines, the decommissioning of nuclear reactors, the management of radioactive wastes, and the restoration of land" (Nuclear.ru, 15 Nov 02).]

Deputy Minister (States Secretary) --- LEBEDEV, Valeriy Aleksandrovich.  (Atompressa, No 32 Sep 99; Appointed "States Secretary," Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 12 Sep 01).

• Formerly: General Director of the Mining and Chemical Combine, Zheleznogorsk.  (Atompressa, No 32 Sep 99)

Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials and the Provision of Guarantees for their Non-proliferation and Physical Protection, Directorate for the Supervision of

Chief --- Volodin, Yuriy Georgiyevich.  Telephone: (095) 9116081.

Central Apparatus

Crisis situation center.

• (Izvestiya 22 May 01).

Department for Liaison with State Power Bodies and Information Policy

• Head -- Nikolay Shingarev (ITAR-TASS, 22 Jan 03).

Environment and Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities, Administration for

• ["The responsibility for the recycling of nuclear submarines was delegated from the Defense Ministry to the Atomic Energy Ministry only in 1998, and the technical bases of the Northern and Pacific Fleets are currently being handed over to the Atomic Energy Ministry's special enterprises SevRao and DalRao.   Notably, the military are quite reluctantly parting with their property because those bases are financed from the state budget.   So, Admiral Popov will now be supposed to settle down relations between his former and present co-workers" (Kommersant 05 Dec 01 P2).]

Chief --- POPOV, Vyacheslav, Adm appointed (Kommersant 05 Dec 01 P2). Popov was CINC NORFLT.  

Experimental Physics, RF Nuclear Center All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute for (RFYaTs VNIIEF) (Sarov)

• Previously known as Arzamas-16, Nizhegorod Oblast

Director --- Ilkayev, Radiy (Finmarket, 21 Apr 01).

Federal Inspectorate for Nuclear and Radiation Security

• Address: 109147 Moscow, Taganskaya Street, 34.

Director --- Vishnevskiy, Yuriy Georgiyevich , (Chief of Directorate). Telephone: (095) 9116005. Fax: (095) 9124041

Fuel Production Cycle, Directorate for the Supervision of Nuclear and Radiation Security of the Enterprises of the

Chief --- Kislov, Andrey Ivanovich  Telephone: (095) 9116061.

Nuclear and Radiation Security for Atomic Stations, Directorate for the Supervision of

Chief --- Adamchik, Sergey Anatolyevich  Telephone: (095) 9116061.

Nuclear and Radiation Security in the Economy, Directorate for the Supervision of

Chief --- Mikhaylov, Mikhail Vladimirovich.  Telephone: (095) 9116071.

Nuclear and Radiation Security of Research Reactors and Nuclear Power Facilities on Ships, Directorate for the Supervision of

Chief of Directorate --- Nikolskiy, Rostislav Viktorovich Telephone: (095) 9116011

Scientific and Technological Council

 Security Section

Chair --- Litvinov, Boris, Academician (ITAR-TASS 1404 GMT 18 Sep 00).

• Litvinov, who chairs the security section under the Atomic Energy Ministry's Scientific and Technological Council, works as deputy head of the Russian Federal Nuclear Centre and was the chief designer of Russian nuclear warheads for many years. (ITAR-TASS 1404 GMT 18 Sep 00).

Structural Directory of Russia's Nuclear Sector

(<Nuclear.ru>, 1 Dec 00, [Source date uncertain. Date given is the date of download from the internet])

[FBIS Translated Text]

 The Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation. Structure of the Ministry of Atomic Energy.

1. Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Department of the

2. nuclear munitions, department for the development and testing of, 3. nuclear munitions industry, department of the, 4. atomic power engineering, department for, 5. branch economics and planning, department of,, 6. social policy, production relations, and personnel, department of, 7. security and emergency situations, department for, 8. international economic cooperation, department for, 9. atomic science and technology, department for, 10. finance, analysis, and computation department for, 11. information, nuclear materials, and facilities, department for the protection of, 12. atomic facilities construction, department for, 13. normative-legal security and regulation of forms of property, department for, 14. department for the conversion of atomic industry., 15. directorate of bookkeeping and accounts., 16. social-productive directorate., 17. directorate for business and protocol of the ministry., 18. directorate for the optimization of productive-economic relations., 19. directorate for the security of the activities of the scientific and scientific-technological councils., 20. directorate for ecology and the removal of nuclear facilities from operation., 21. directorate for atomic machine-building and instrument-making., scientific-technical directorate. aleksandr anatolyevich.

Chief --- Matveyev, ??  Telephone: (095) 9116411. Office: Telephone (095) 9123911. Fax: (095) 9124041.

Professional emergency-rescue units of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia:

 "Eprom", the center for emergency-rescue underwater-technical operations.

 Address: 143392 Moscow oblast., Naro-Fominskiy rayon, Selyatino. Director: Mikhail Nikolayevich Gumenok, Chief of Center. Telephone: (812) 2475669. Fax: (812) 2475798. Web: http:

www.atom.nw.ru

 The Emergency-Technical Center (Novovoronezh).

 Address: 396072 Voronenezh oblast., Novovoronezh. Director: Ivan Ivanovich Burdin, Director of Center. Telephone: (07364) 20268. Fax: (07464) 20268.

 Emergency-Technical Center (Sarov).

 Address: 607200 Nizhegorodod oblast, Sarov. Director: Vladislav Viktorovich Kuznetsov, Director of Center. Telephone: (83130) 45708. Fax: (83130) 45979.

 Emergency-Technical Center (Snezhinsk)

 Address: 456770 Chelyabinsk oblast., Snezhinsk. Director: Lev Vladimirovich Borisov, Director of Center. Telephone: (35172) 32424.

 Emergency-Technical Center (Seversk).

 Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, Seversk Director[Sic. No director listed].

 Telephone: (38242) 62693. Fax: (38242) 21146.

 Gas-Rescue Station of the Joint-Stock Company, "Kirovo-Chepetsk Chemical Combine".

 Address: 631020 Kirov oblast., Kirovo-Chepetsk, Pozharnyy Lane., 7. Director: Nikolay Ivanovich Aprin. Telephone: (83361) 94204. Fax: (30245) 25121.

 Separate Militarized Mine-Rescue Detachment of the Priargunskiy Mining-Chemical Production Association.

 Director: Vladimir Georgiyevich Bondarev, Chief of Detachment. Telephone: (30245) 25781. Fax: (30245) 25121.

 Engineering-Technical and Training Center for Robotics.

 Address: 127410 Moscow, Altufyev Highway, 43. Director: Nikolay Aleksandrovich Sidorkin, Director of Center. Telephone: (095) 4899032. Fax: (095) 4899032. [Sic: Telephone and fax numbers are the same.]

3. Closed Administrative-Territorial Formations.

 Zhelznogorsk (Krasnoyarsk-26).

 Address: 660026 Krasnoyarsk kray. Zhelznogorsk, XXII Partsyezd Street, 21. Director: Andrey Vasilyevich Katargin, Head of Administration. Telephone: (39197) 26048. Web: http:

www.adm26.krasnoyarsk.su Population: About 105,000.

 The Mining-Chemical Combine.

 Address: 660033 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Lenin Street, 53. Director: Vasiliy Vasilyevich Zhitkov, General Director. Telephone: (39197) 32001, 32290. Fax: (39197) 320374

 Science and Production Association of Applied Mechanics.

 Address: 660033 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Lenin Street, 52. Director: Mikhail Fedorovich Reshetnev. Telephone: (39197) 21759, 32032 Fax: (39197) 22635

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Sibkhimstroy".

 Address: 660033 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Shtefan Street, 1. Director: Vladimir Mikaylovich Kiyayev. Telephone: (39197) 22076. Fax: (39197) 29839.

 "Sibkhimmontazh" Trust.

 Address: 660033 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Severnaya Street, 9. Director: Viktor Chukhno Mikhaylovich. Telephone: (39197) 26802.

 Krasnoyarskiy State Design and Research Institute. Address: 660026 Krasnoyarsk kray. Zheleznogorsk, Lenin Street, 39. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Baskakov. Telephone: (39197) 25625. Fax: (39197) 25625.

 Krasnoyarsk Industrial College. Address: 662990 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Sverdlov Street, 5. Director: Yevgeniy Borisovich Vasilyev. Telephone: (39197) 23944.

 Zarechnyy (Penza-16). Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, 30-th Anniversary of Pobeda [Victory] Street, 27. Director: Vyacheslav Vasilyevich Sergeyev, Head of Administration. Telephone: (8412) 664988. Fax: (8412) 664979. Web: http:

zarechnyy.penza.ru Population: About 65,000.

 Production Association, "Start", a State enterprise. Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Mir Avenue, 1. Director: Anatoliy Andreyevich Yesin, General Director. Telephone: (8412) 550907. Fax: (8412) 665 887.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Penza Directorate of Construction". Address: 440019 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Komsomol Street, 41. Director: Nikolay Semenovich Konolenko. Telephone: (8412) 550907. Fax: (8412) 550973.

 State Unitary Branch SNPO [Special Science and Production Association], "Yeleron". (Scientific- Research and Design Institute of Radio- Electronic Engineering.) Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Mir Avenue, 1. Director: Yuriy Aleksandrovich Olenin. Telephone: (8412) 692474. Fax: (8412) 552528.

 Central Scientific Research Laboratory. Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Mir Avenue, 1. Director: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Sorokin. Telephone: (8412) 692706.

 Zarechnyy Industrial College (a municipal educational establishment). Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Lenin Street, 10. Director: Vasiliy Georgiyevich Zelenskiy. Telephone: (8412) 692182.

 Zelenogorsk (Krasnoyarsk-45). Address: 663690 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk, Mir street, 15. Director: Valentin Grigoryevich Kazachenko, Head of Administration. Telephone: (39169) 35532. Fax: (39169) 35640, 35993. Population: About 65,000.

 Electro-Chemical Plant. Address: 663690 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk. Director: Anatoliy Nikolayevich Shubin, General Director. Telephone: (39169) 33350, 33321. Fax: (39169) 24225, 21262. Teletype: 288 845 "Tayfun".

 Joint-Stock Company, "Sibvolonko". Address: 663960 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk, Joint-Stock Company, "Sibvolonko". Director: Petr Pavlovich Kostyushko. Telephone: (39169) 23020, 24405. Fax: (39169) 28122, 24087. Telex: 288 145 SV SU.

 Contruction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Directorate of Construction No. 604". Address: 663960 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk, Kalinin Street, 25. Director: Anatoliy Yakovlevich Kurdyukov. Telephone: (39169) 35722. Fax: (39169) 24940.

 Krasnoyarsk Electro-Mechanical Engineering College. Address: 663690 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk, Bortnikov Street, 13. Director: Grigoriy Antipyevich Porsyev. Telephone: (39169) 34433.

 Lesnoy (Sverdlovsk-45). Address: 624200 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Lesnoy, Karl Marks [Marx] Street, 8. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Ivannikov, Head of Administration. Telephone: (34342) 57509. Fax: (34342) 24402. Population: 55,000.

 Fiftieth Anniversary of the USSR Combine, "Elektrokhimpribor". Director: Leonid Aleksyevich Polyakov, General Director. Telephone: (34342) 24373. Teletype: 721 549 "Kedr".

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Severouralskoye Directorate of Construction". Address: 620045 Sverdslovsk oblast, city of Lesnoy, Lenin Street, 76. Director: Vladimir Timofeyevich Nesterenko. Telephone: (34342) 69271. Fax: (34342) 24054, 24681.

 Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physical Institute. Address: 620045 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Lesnoy, Kommunist Avenue, 36. Director: Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Krapal, Rector. Telephone: (34342) 60693. Fax: (34342) 55621.

 Novouralsk (Sverdlovsk-44). Address: 624130 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Michurin Street, 33. Director: Valentin Yegorovich Feldman, Head of Administration. Telephone: (34370) 23260. Web: http:

www.novouralsk.ru Population: 95,000.

 Ural Electro-Chemical Combine. Address: 624130 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Dzerzhinskiy Street, 2. Director: Anatoliy Petrovich Knutarev, General Director. Telephone: (34370) 92424. Fax: (34370) 94141. Telex: 721 742 RIKON SU. Web: http:

www.ricon.e-burg.ru Teletype: 348823, 348813 "Tiris".

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Sredneural Directorate of Construction". Address: 620114 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Dzerzhinskiy Street, 13. Director: Petr Ivanovich Bokov. Telephone: (34370) 24961. Fax: (34370) 40977.

 Novouralsk Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 624130 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk-3, Lenin Street, 85. Director: Aleksey Petrovich Dyagilev, Rector. Telephone: (34370) 23580.

 Ural Institute for the Advancement of Qualification, "Progress". Address: 624133 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Pervomayskaya Street, 107. Director: Valeriy Ivanovich Makarov. Telephone: (34370) 91601. Fax: (34370) 91354. Web: http:

www.aib.ru/~uipk

/ Ural Polytechnic College. Address: 624130 Severdlovsk oblast, Novouralsk-3, Lenin Street, 85. Director: Leonid Nikolayevich Mochalov. Telephone: (34370) 22497.

 Sarov (Arzamas-16). Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov. Director: Gennadiy Zakirovich Karatayev. Telephone: (83130) 11303. Fax: (83130) 58789. Population: 85,000.

 The All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Experimental Physics of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center. Address: 607190 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Mir Avenue, 37. Director: Radiy Ivanovich Ilkayev. Telephone: (83130) 56951, 11264, 11803. Fax: (83130) 53808, 54565. Telex: 151 109 APCA Web: http:

www.vniief.ru

 Electro-Mechanical Plant, "Avangard". Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, City of Sarov, Yuzhnoye, area 6. Director: Yuriy Kuzmich Zavlishin. Telephone: (83130) 11077.

 Sarov Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company. Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Silkin Street, 13. Director: Georgiy Georgiyevich Bulgakov. Telephone: (83130) 45994.

 State Unitary Scientific-Technical Enterprise, "Efkon". Address: 601190 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Yunost Street, 22. Director: Anatoliy Petrovich Inozemtsev. Telephone: (83130) 45705. Fax: (83130) 45994..

 Central Laboratory for the Protection of the Environment. Address: 607190 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, P. O. Box [Russian: a/ya--abonenenitnyy yashchik] 423. Director: Vasiliy Dmitriyevich Davidyuk. Telephone: (83130) 45288. Fax: (83130) 45288. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Sarov Physics-Technical Institute of Moscow State Engineering Physics Institute. Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Dukhov Street, 6. Director: Yuriy Petrovich Shcherbak, Rector. Telephone: (83130) 59809.

 Seversk (Tomsk-7). Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, Kommunist Street, 51. Director: Nikolay Ivanovich Kuzmenko, Head of Administration. Telephone: (3822) 222159, 774760. Fax: (3822) 776728. Web: http:

www.seversk.ru Population: About 110,000.

 Siberian Chemical Combine. Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, Kurchatov Street, 1. Director: Valeriy Konstantinovich Larin, General Director. Telephone: (3822) 771798. Fax: (3822) 772528. Web: http:

www.shk.tsk.ru

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Khimstroy". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, Transport Street, 32. Director: Gennadiy Sergeyevich Molokanov, General Director. Telephone: (3822) 776460. Fax: (3822) 241520.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Promekhanomontazh". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, P. O. Box 494. Director: Anatoliy Vladimirovich Maksimenko, General Director. Telephone: (3822) 784900. Fax: (3822) 241520.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Spetskhimmontazh". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, P. O. Box 563. Director: Boris Alekseyevich Kormashov. Telephone: (3822) 777932. Fax: (3822) 776939.

 Tomsk State Design-Research Institute, VNIPIET [All-Russian Design and Scientific-Research Institute of Power Technology] Address: 634039 Tomsk oblast, Seversk, Kurchatov Street, 2. Director: Mishin Vitaliy Alekseyevich. Telephone: (3822) 760913. Fax: (3822) 760913 [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Siberian Branch of "GNTs RF VNIINM" [State Science Center of the Russian federation, All- Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Inorganic Materials]. Address: 634018 Tomsk oblast, Seversk, Lermontov Street, 13. Director: Aleksandr Yakovlevich Svarovskiy. Telephone: (38242) 61880. Fax: (3822) 776739.

 Seversk Technological Institute of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Address: 634036 Tomsk-36, Kommunist Avenue, 65. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich Zhiganov, Rector/ Telephone: (3822) 779529.

 Seversk Industrial College (a municipal educational establishment). Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, Seversk, Kommunist Avenue, 65. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich Zhiganov. Telephone: (3822) 779529.

 Snezhinsk (Chelyabinsk-70). Address: 454070 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Snezhinsk, Sverdlov Street, 24. Director: Anatoliy Vladimirovich Oplanchuk, Head of Administration. Telephone: (35172) 32573. Fax: (35172) 32385. Population: 50,000.

 The All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics--the Russian Federal Nuclear Center. Address: 456770 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Snezhinsk, P. O. Box 245. Director: Georgiy Nikolayevich Rykovanov. Telephone: (35172) 32028. Fax: (35172) 32351. Telex: 124 846 SNOW SU. Web: http:

www.vniitf.ru

 Snezhinsk Physics-Technical Institute--a branch of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456776 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Snezhinsk, Mir Street, 6/8. Director: Vladimir Makarovich Skovpen, Rector. Telephone: (35172) 32422. Fax: (35172) 32526.

 Trekhgornyy (Zlatoust-36). Address: 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Trekhgornyy, Mir Street, 6. Director: Nikolay Andreyevich Lubenets. Telephone: (351112) 7001. Fax: (351112) 7042. Population: About 40,000.

 Instrument-Making Plant. Address: 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Trekhgornyy, Instrument-Making Plant. Director: Aleksandr Vasilyevich Dolinin, General Director. Telephone: (351112) 5121, 5123, 5210. Fax: (351112) 1622.

 Design-Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Ural". Address: 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Trekhgornyy, Street Stroiteley [Street of the Builders], 6. Director: Galina Ivanovna Morozova. Telephone (35111) 67061. Fax: (35111) 651120.

 Trekhgornyy Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Trekhgornyy, Mir Street, 17. Director: Fedor Ivanovich Dolinin. Telephone: (35111) 67067.

 Ozersk (Chelyabinsk-65). Address: 456784 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Lenin Avenue, 30a. Director: Sergey Georgiyevich Chernyshev. Head of Administration. Telephone: (35171) 78959. Population: About 100,000.

 Production Association, "Mayak". Address: 456065 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Lenin Avenue, 31. Director: Vitaliy Ivanovich Sadovnikov, General Director. Telephone: (35151) 31659. Fax: (35171) 73911. Telex: 124 864 ATOM SU.

 Closed-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Yuzhno-Ural Directorate of Construction". Address: 456064 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Oktyabr Street, 7. Director: Aleksey Georgiyevich Belotnitskiy. Telephone: (35171) 45253. Fax: (35171) 73911.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Uralprommontazh", an installation-industrial company. Address: 456065 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Semenov Street, 22. Director: Sergey Vladimirovich Voloshin. Telephone: (35171) 79250. Fax: (35171) 22214.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Uralgidromontazh" Address: 456065 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Semenov street, 22. Director: Anatoliy Ivanovich Loboda. Telephone: (35171) 79303. Fax: (35171) 73041.

 Ural State Design-Research Institute, "VNIPIET" [see expansion of acronym above]. Address: 454065 Chelyabinsk oblast, Ozersk, Oktyabr Street, 11. Director: Leonid Vladimirovich Vaganov. Telephone: (35171) 79550. Fax: (35171) 73822.

 Ozersk Technological Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456783 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Pobeda Avenue, 48. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Stepanov. Telephone: (35171) 446646

 Yuzhnoural Polytechnic College. Address: 456783 Chelyabinsk oblast, Ozersk, Pobeda Avenue, 48. Director: Angelina Valentinovna Tomanovna. Telephone: (35171) 44623.

4. The "Rosenergoatom" Concern, the atomic electrical power stations and "Rosenergoatom" Concern enterprises.

 State Concern, "Rosenergoatom". Address: 101000 Moscow, P. O. Box 912. Director: Erik Nikolayevich Pozdyshev. Telephone: Chancellery: (095) 239740. Fax: Chancellery: (095) 2392724. Web: http:

www.rosatom.ru

 Structure of "Rosenergoatom" Concern. Department for the Utilization of Atomic Power Stations and Water-Cooled Reactors. Department for the Utilization of Atomic Power Stations with Fuel-Channel-Type and Fast Reactors. Department for Technical Servicing and Repair of Atomic Power Stations. Department for Technical Inspection and Control and Monitoring of Security. Department for the Licensing of the Utilization of Atomic power Stations. Management for Protection of Nuclear Facilities and Materials. Department for Emergency Control and Prevention of Accidents. Department for Scientific-Technical Support. Structural Design Department. Management for Expertise and Prospective Technologies. Management for Major Construction. Management for Provision of Utilization and Repair. Management for Provision of Nuclear Fuel. Management for Investment Resources. Department of Economics. Department of Finances. Management for Property and Capital. Department for Book-Keeping and Accounting. Department for Auditing Activities. Management for Inspection Work. Legal Department. Department for International Activities. Management of Export. Management of FOREM [Federal Wholesale Market for Electricity and Generating Capacity].. Department for Sales. Directorate of Business Affairs.

 Atomic power stations:

 Balakov Atomic Power Station. Beloyarsk Atomic Power Station. Bilibin Atomic Power Station. Kalinin Atomic Power Station. Kolsk Atomic Power Station. Kursk Atomic Power Station. Leningrad Atomic Power Station. Novovoronezh Atomic Power Station. Smolensk Atomic Power Station.

 Enterprises included in the structure of the "Rosenergoatom" Concern. Branch State Unitary Enterprise, "Energoatomfinans". Address: 123298 Moscow, Narodnoye Opolcheniye Street, 40, building 2. Director: Mikhail Vasilyevich Komissarov. Telephone: (095) 1926174. Fax: (095) 1926174. [Sic: Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise, "Atomstroyinvest". Address: 123298 Moscow, Narodnoye Opolcheniye Street, 40, building 2. Director: Vitaliy Vladimirovich Veselov. Telephone: (095) 1926029. Fax: (095) 1926029.[Sic: Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise "Kontrolno-Priemochnaya Inspektsiya". Address: 101000 Moscow, P. O. Box 912. Director: Vladimir Ilich Nikitenko. Telephone: (095) 2392436. Fax: (095) 2392436. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise, "Press-Tsentr Kontserna". Address: 109507 Moscow, Ferganskaya Street, 25. Director: Andrey Grigoryevich Polous. Telephone: (095) 2384894. Fax: (095) 2392016.

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise, "Atom-Servis". Address: 123298 Moscow, Narodnoye Opolcheniye Street, building 2. Director: Grigoriy Alekseyevich Serafimov. Telephone: (095) 1927674.

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise, "Kursk Specialized Installment Directorate".". Address: 307239 Kursk oblast, Kurchatov. Director: Nikolay Maksimovich Kovalev. Telephone: (07131) 46395. Fax: (07131) 46395. [Sic: Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 (5). "TVEL" [Fuel Element] Concern. Open Joint-Stock Company, "TVEL".. Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Vitaliy Fedorovich Konovalov, President. Petr Ivanovich Lavrenyuk, Vice President. Leonid Dmitriyevich Proskuryakov, Vice President. Vladimir Alekseyevich Zubakov, Vice President. Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Kozhin, Vice President. Telephone: (095) 2394440. Fax: (095) 2394404. Web: http:

www.tvel.ru

/ Structure:

 Management for Commerce. Management for Productive-Technical Issues and Security. Management for Scientific-Technical Development. Management for Economics and Corporative Planning. Management for Economic Strategy and Control of Property. Management for International and External Economic Activities. Management for Financial Accounts and Analysis. Management for General Issues and Social Development. Legal Section.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "TVEL Concern". Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Vladimir Vladimirovich Karetnikov, General Director. Telephone: (095) 2394788.

 Trans-Baykal Mining-Concentrating Combine (ZabGOK).

 Address: 673382 Chitin oblast, Pervomayskiy Square, Mir Street,18. Director: Gennadiy Mikhaylovich Adosik. Telephone: (302) 42302. Fax: (30262) 41010.

 Krasnoyarsk Chemical-Metallurgical Plant (KKhMZ). Address: 660079 Krasnoyarsk, Matrosov Street, 30. Director: Dmitriy Mikhaylovich Kovyadin. Telephone: (3912) 660185. Fax: (3912) 340939.

 Chepetsk Mechanical plant (ChMZ). Address: 427000 Respublika Udmurtiya, city of Glazov, Belov Street, 7. Telephone: (34141) 72415. Fax: (34141) 72994. Web: http:

www.chmz.udm.net

/ Moscow Plant of Polymetals (MZP).

 Address: 115409 Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 49. Director: Valeriy Viktorovich Kryukov, General Director. Telephone: (095) 3247234. Fax: (095) 7428298.

 Novosibirsk Plant of Chemical Concentrates (NZKhK). Address: 638038 Novosibirsk, B. Khmelnitskiy Street, 94. Director: Vladimir Leonidovich Afanasyev. Telephone: (3832) 748454. Fax: (3832) 743071.

 Machine-Building Plant (MSZ). Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, city of Elektrostal, K. Marks [Marx] Street, 12. Director: Valeriy Alekseyevich Mezhuyev, General Director. Telephone: (095) 7029901. Fax: (095) 7029221.

 Production Association, "Ulbinskiy Metallurgical Plant". Address: 492026 Respublika Kazakhstan, city of Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shkolnoye Highway, 102. Director: Vitaliy Grogoryevich Khadeyev, General Director. Telephone: (3232) 475043. Fax: (3232) 640683.

 Joint-Stock Company "Commercial Center, 100". Address: 127253 Moscow, Dmitrovskoye Highway, 116, building 3. Director: Aleksey Vasilyevich Goncharov. Telephone: (095) 4007474. Fax: (095) 4007277.

 (6). Joint-Stock Company "Atomredmetzoloto" (enterprise). Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, building 24/26. Director: Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Krotkov, General Director. Telephone: 2394668 (reception room). Fax: 2394679. Director Vitaliy Vasilyevich Shatalov--2392174. Director Yuriy Vasilyevich Nesterov--2394775. Director: Boris Fedorovich Shevchenko--2392430.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Priargunskoye Proizvodstvennoye Gorno-Khimicheskoye Obyedineniye" [Priargunskiy Mining-Chemical Production association] (AOOT "PPGKhO"). Address: 674665 Chitin oblast, city of Krasnokamensk. Director: Valeriy Konstantinovich Larin, General Director. Telephone: (30245) 46911. Fax: (86535) 50131.

 Lermontov State Enterprise, "Almaz" Address: 357340 Stavropol kray, city of Lermontov, Promyshlennaya Street, building 7. Director: Nikolay Nikolayevich Gridin, General Director. Telephone: (86535) 50131. Fax: (86535) 52313.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Gidrometallurgical Zavod" [Hydro-Metallurgical Plant] (GUP "GMZ"). Address: 357340 Stavropol kray, city of Lermontov, Promyshlennaya Street, building 7. Director: Sergey Vasilyevich Pashkov, General Director. Telephone: (86535) 52313. Fax: (86535) 52313 [Sic. Fax no. is same as telephone number].

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Electromekhanicheskiy Zavod" [Electro-Mechanical Plant]. Address: 357340 Stavropol kray, city of Lermontov, Promyshlennaya Street, building 7. Director: Valeriy Ivanovich Minenkov. Telephone: (86535) 50350. Fax: (34365) 52077.

 Rodniki Directorate of Enterprises. Address: 155240 Ivanov oblast, city of Rodniki. Director: Nikolay Petrovich Vorobyev. Telephone: (09336) 23464. Fax: (09336) 23464 [Sic. Fax no. is same as telephone no.].

 Yekaterinburg Plant, "Kauchuk". Address: 620023 city of Yekaterinburg, Garshin Street, building 7. Director: Aleksandr Vasilyevich Svytko. Telephone: (3432) 254905. Fax: (3432) 250262.

 Joint-Stock company "Nauchno-Issledovatelskoye Eksperimentalnoye Predpriyatiye" [Scientific- Research Experimental Enterprise] (AO "NIEP"). Address: 143392 Moscow oblast, Narofominskiy rayon, settlement of Selyatino. Director: Vladimir Nikolayevich Kuznetsov. Telephone: (095) 4365697. Fax: (095) 4365697 [Sic. Fax no. and tel. no. are the same].

 Federal State Enterprise, "Ekspeditsiya No. 2" [Expedition No. 2]. Address: 163056 Arkhangelsk-56. Director: Anatoliy Andreyevich Gerasimov.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Severalmaz". Address: 163061 city of Arkhangelsk, Sadovaya Street, building 2 Director: Vitaliy Sergeyevich Fertygin, General Director. Telephone: (8182) 496112. Fax: (8182) 496112. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. No.].

 Production Association, "Vostokredmet". Address: 735730 Respublika Tadzhikistan, Leninabad oblast, city of Chkalovsk, Oplanchuk Street, 10. Director: Zafar Abdukkakhorovich Razykov, General Director. Telephone: (37771) 54434. Fax: (37771) 50945.

 Navon Mining-Metallurgical Combine. Address: 706800 Respublika Uzbekistan, city of Navon, Navon street, building 27. Director: Nikolay Ivanovich Kucherskiy, General Director. Telephone: (43622) 32928. Fax: (31745) 91456.

 Holding Company, "Tselinnoye Proizvodstvennoye Gorno-Khimicheskoye Obedineniye" [Virgin Land Mining-Chemical Production Association]. Address: 474456 Respublika Kazakhstan, Akhmalin oblast, city of Stepnogorsk. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Filtsev, General Director. Telephone: (31745) 92464. Fax: (31745) 91456.

 Kara-Balta Mining Combine. Address: 720398 Respublika Kirgizstan, city of Kara-Balta, Trud Street, building 1. Director: Zhaman Iymanbekovich Kazakbayev. Telephone: (33133) 23018. Fax: (33133) 23018. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Science and Production Association, "Vostochnyy Gorno-Obogatelnyy Kombinat" [Eastern Mining Concentrating Combine]. Address: 322530 Respublika Ukraina, Dnepropetrov oblast, city of Zheltyye Vody, Gorkiy street, building 2. Director: Mikhail Ivanovich Babak, General Director. Telephone: (05652) 55309. Fax: (05652) 33005.

 (7). Machine-Building and Instrument-Making Plants of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation.

 Angarsk Electrolysis Chemical Combine (AEKhK). Address: 665804 Irkutsk oblast, city of Angarsk. Director: Viktor Panteleymonovich Shopen, General Director. Telephone: (39518) 40710. Fax: (39518) 66715.

 B. P. Konstantinov Kirovo-Chepeteskiy Chemical Combine. Address: 613020 Kirov oblast, city of Kirovo-Chepetsk, Pozharnyy Lane., 7. Director: Boris Ivanovich Drozhdin, General director. Telephone: (8332) 624829, 624205. Fax: (8332) 627921.

 Experimental Chemical-Technological Plant. Address: 125239 Moscow, Likhoborskaya Embankment, 11. Director: Anatoliy Aleksandrovich Matveyev. Telephone: (095) 9132289.

 Scientific Design-Technological Firm of Non-traditional Methods for the Processing of Different Materials ("Netram" firm). Address: 123060 Moscow, P. O. Box 155. Director: Boris Vladimirovich Safronov. Telephone: (095) 1908089. Fax: (095) 1960038.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Mashinostroitelnyy Zavod Invis" (Machine-Building Plant "Invis"]. Address: 427600, Respublika Udmurtiya, city of Glazov Director: Vladimir Anatolyevich Yekhlakov. Telephone: (34141) 73784. Fax: (34141) 36440.

 Production Association, "Mashinostroyitelnyy Zavod, Molniya" [Machine-Building Plant, "Lightning"] (PO MSZ "Molniya"). Address: 109391 Moscow, Ryazanskiy Avenue, 6a. Director: Vladimir Ivanovich Nikolaichev. Telephone: (095) 1713460. Fax: (095) 1716761.

 Electro-Mechanical Plant, "Avangard" (EMZ "Avangard"). Address: Nizhegorod oblast, city of Sarov, Nizhnyeye Highway, 6. Director: Yuriy Kuzmich Zavalishin. Telephone: (83130) 45881. Fax: (83130) 45090.

 Nizhnyaya Tura Machine-Building plant, "Venta". Address: 624350 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Nizhnyaya Tura, Malyshev Street, 2a. Director: Sergey Vladimirovich Nastin. Telephone: (34342) 23020. Fax: (34342) 20733.

 Ural Electro-Mechanical plant (UMZ). Address: 620151 Yekaterinburg, Studentskaya Street, 9. Director: Leonid Mikhaylovich Kuznetsov. Telephone: (3432) 741281. Fax: (3432) 413370.

 "Elvaks" Plant. Address: 141420 Moscow oblast, Skhodnya, Pervomayskaya Street, 54. Director: Yuriy Georgiyevich Kolmogorov. Telephone: (095) 5742400. Fax: (095) 5740162.

 State Enterprise, "Krasnaya Zvezda" [Red Star]. Address: 115230 Moscow, Electrolytic Avenue, 1a. Director: Vladimir Sergeyevich Vasilkovskiy. Telephone: (095) 1132309. Fax: (095) 1133488.

 Production Association, "Sever" [North]. Address: 630075 Novosibirsk, Obyedineniye Street, 3. Director: Aleksey Nikolayevich Gorb. Telephone (3832) 255573. Fax: (3832) 741465.

 Instrument Plant, "Kristall" [Crystal]. Address: 613020 Kirov oblast, city of Kirovo-Chepetsk, Kirov Avenue, 16. Director: Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Fadeichev. Telephone: (83361) 14913. Fax: (83361) 12150.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Priborstroitelnyy Zavod, Signal" [Instrument-Making Plant, "Signal"]. Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, city of Obninsk, Lenin Street, 121. Director: Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Anisimov. Telephone: (08439) 79195. Fax: (08439) 40314.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Pribornyy Zavod, Tenzor" [Instrument Plant, "Tensor"]. Address: 141980 Moscow oblast, city of Dubna, Street Priborstroiltelney [Street of the Instrument- Makers], 2. Director: Igor Borisovich Barsukov. Telephone: (221) 45524. Fax: (221) 46124.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Pyatigorsk Zavod, Impuls" [Pyatigorsk Plant, Impulse]. Address: 357500, Stavropol kray, city of Pyatigorsk, Malgyn street, 5. Director: Sergey Ivanovich Kuzmenko. Telephone: (87933) 54554. Fax: (87933) 78936.

 TOO [Limited Partnership], "Konsit-A". Address: 109180 Moscow, P. O. Box 29. Director: Yuriy Arkadyevich Brodskiy. Telephone: (095) 2360416. Fax: (095) 2394054.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Gorkiy Kimry Fabrika" [Kimry Factory in the name Gorky]. Address: 171510 Tver oblast, Kimry, Pushkin Street, 72a. Director: Lev Nikolayevich Bocharov. Telephone: (08236) 32156. Fax: (08326) 31027.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Energomashinostroitelnaya Korporatsiya, Atommash" [Power-Machine Building Corporation, "Atommash"]. Address: 347340 Rostov-on-the-Don, Volgodonsk-13. Director: Aleksey Ivanovich Golovin, General Director. Telephone: (86392) 20745. Fax: (86392) 21358.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Karimos", affiliated to the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Aleksandra Nikolayevna Strepikheyevna, Director for Development. Telephone: (095) 2392440. Fax: (095) 2316860.

 Production-Technical Center, "Komito". Address: 107113 Moscow, Verkhne-Krasnoselskaya Street, 16. Director: Vasiliy Matveyevich Monakov. Telephone: (095) 2642995. Fax: (095) 264258.

 Kanash Plant for Technological Equipping. Address: 429300 Respublika Chuvashiya, city of Kanash, Svoboda Street, 36. Director: Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Kuznetsov. Telephone: (83533) 31994. Fax: (83533) 31994. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Joint-Stock Company, "Moskovskiy Tekhnicheskiy Tsentr, TESMO" [Moscow Technical Center, "TESMO"]. Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, city of Elektrostal, avenue 48. Director: Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Pukhov. Telephone: (257) 59218. Fax: (095) 7029122.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Zavod Start" ["Start" Plant]. Address: 641730 Kurgan oblast, city of Dolmatovo, Rukmanis Street, 31. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Kolmogortsev. Telephone: (35252) 92163. Fax: (35252) 92175.

 Astrakhan Experimental Machine-Building Plant, "Sirius". Address: 414000 Astrakhan, Gilyanskaya Street, 94. Director: Aleksandr Vasilyevich Rogov. Telephone: (8512) 220416. Fax: (8512) 254220.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Vologoda Mashinostroitelnyy Zavod" [Vologda Machine-Building Plant]. Address: 160604 Vologda, Klubov Street, 5. Director: Leonid Borisovich Fedonov. Telephone: (8172) 257072. Fax: (8172) 257783.

 Makhachkala Machine-Building Plant of Separators. Address: 367014 Respublika Dagestan, city of Makhachkala, K. Marks [Marx] Avenue, 9. Director: Igor Gafurovich Gafurov. Telephone: (8722) 643193.

 Joint-Stock Company "Plavsk Mashinostroitelnyy Zavod" [Plavsk Machine-Building Plant]. Address: 301050 Tula oblast, city of Plavsk, Kommunarov Street, 25. Director: Viktor Georgiyevich Lifanov. Telephone: (08752) 21065. Fax: (08752) 22132.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Opytnyy Zavod, Luch" [Experimental Plant, "Light"]. Address: 142100 Moscow oblast, Podolsk, Zheleznodorozhnaya Street, 22. Director: Viktor Arsenyevich Petrov. Telephone: (095) 9564867. Fax: (095) 9561057.

 SKTB [Special Design and Technology Bureau] "UPMASH". Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, Elektrostal, P. O. Box 48. Director: Aleksandr Sergeyevich Igolkin. Telephone: (095) 7029150. Fax: (095) 7029150. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Production Organizations in the Complement of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation:

 State Joint-Stock Company, "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 109180 Moscow, Staromonetnyy Lane, 26. Director: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Bednyakov, General Director. Telephone: (095) 2392102. Fax: (095) 9533051.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Volgo-Vyatka Proizvodstvenno-Komplektovochnoye Predpriyatiye, Oboronpromkompleks" [Volgo-Vyatka Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks"]. Address: 603124 Nizhniy Novgorod, Ayvazoskiy Street, 10a. Director: Yevgeniy Vasilyevich Selikhov, General Director. Telephone: (8312) 244398. Fax: (8312) 465470.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Yuzhno-Uralskoye Proizvodstvenno-Komplektochnoye Predpriyatiye, Oboronpromkompleks" [South Ural Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks"]. Address: 454087 Chelyabinsk, 2-nd Potrebitelskaya Street, 2. Director: Viktor Grigoryevich Braslavskiy, General Director. Telephone: (3512) 621198. Fax: (3512) 621196.

 Western Siberia Joint-Stock Company, "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 630075 Novosibirsk, B. Khmelnitskiy Street, 84a. Director: Mikhail Ivanovich Kulagin, General Director. Telephone: (3832) 763973. Fax: (3832) 763551.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Vostochno-Sibirskoye Proizvodstvennoye-Komplektovochnoye Predpriyatiye Oboronpromkompleks" [Eastern Siberia Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks"]. Address: 664053 Irkutsk, P. O. Box 2497. Director: Georgiy Ivanovich Tarusin, General Director. Telephone: (3952) 453625. Fax: (3952) 456341.

 Northern Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 150000 Yaroslavl, General Post Office, P. O. Box 76. Director: Oleg Georgiyevich Pozdnyakov, General Director. Telephone: (0852) 231557. Fax: (0852) 558524.

 Joint-Stock Company, North-Western Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 196143 St. Petersburg, Predportovaya Street, 7-th Thoroughfare, 1. Director: Anatoliy Artemovich Kurlyandchik. Telephone: (812) 1223715. Fax: (812) 1226790.

 Joint-Stock Company, Tver Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 117000 Tver, General Post Office, P. O. Box 379. Director: Vladimir Genrikhovich Moryev, General Director. Telephone: (0822) 332697. Fax: (0822) 426388.

 Joint-Stock Company, North Caucasus Production Enterprise Unit of "Oboronpromkompleks". Address: 344104 Rostov-on-the-Don, Dovator Street, 154/1. Director: Anatoliy Ivanovich Pravdyuk, General Director. Telephone: (8632) 240322. Fax: (8632) 220914.

 Joint-Stock Company, Production Firm Unit of "Atompromresursy". Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Ivan Petrovich Guzhov. Telephone: (095) 2362325. Fax: (095) 9556068.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Atomprom". Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynok Street, 24/26. Director: Roman Konstantinovich Rusalkin, General Director. Telephone: (095) 1119512. Fax: (095) 1119512. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Joint-Stock Company, "Kontrakt". Address: 101000 Moscow, Meshchanskaya Street, 7/21. Director: Andrey Grigoryevich Andrukh. Telephone: (095) 2841935. Fax: (095) 9710845.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Atomenergozapchast". Address: 396072 Voronezh oblast, Novovoronezh. Director: Vladimir Grigoryevich Churin. Telephone: (073674) 25567. Fax: (073674) 21898.

 Joint-Stock Company, Kursk Plant, "Atomremmash". Address: 307720 Kursk oblast, Kurchatov rayon, sub-division [Russian: p/o] Lukashovka. Director: Viktor Semenovich Kurilenko. Telephone: (07131) 21433. Fax: (07131) 61261.

 State Enterprise for Repair and Servicing of Atomic Power Stations, Production Association "Atomenergoremont". Address: 141011 Moscow oblast, Mytishci, Kommunist Street, 23. Director: Stanislav Stepanovich Chertov. Telephone: (095) 5821603. Fax: (095) 5819034.

 State Enterprise, "Kurskturboatomenergoremont". Address: 307239 Kursk oblast, Kurchatov. Director: Vladimir Prokopyevich Fedorenko. Telephone: (07131) 46258. Fax: (07131) 46258 [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel .no.].

 Joint-Stock Company, Perlov Plant of Power Equipment. Address: 141011 Moscow oblast, Mytishchi, Kommunist Street, 23. Director: Valeriy Ivanovich Zabrodin. Telephone: (095) 5813144 Fax: (095) 5813144 [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 State Production Enterprise, "Sevatomremont". Address: 184151 Murmanks oblast, Polyarnyye Zori. Director: Inarik Gayazovich Mukhametshin. Telephone: (81532) 65667. Fax: (095) 5813144

 "Atomtekhenergo", a firm for the setting up and improvement of the operation and organization of the management of atomic power stations. Address: 141011 Moscow oblast, Mytishchi, Kommunist Street, 23. Director: Anatoliy Grigoryevich Ivannikov. Telephone: (095) 5820454. Fax: (095) 5818011.

 Joint-Stock Company, Machine-Building Corporation, "SPLAV". Address: 173021 Velikiy Novgorod, Nezhinskaya Street, 61. Director: Yevgeniy Izyaslavovich Shulman, General Director. Telephone: (8162) 113003. Fax: (8162) 113002.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Companies and Plants for Construction Materials of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation:

 Holding Company, Joint-Stock company "Progress", affiliated to the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka street, 24/26. Director: Ivan Yegorovich Deryabin. Telephone: (095) 9534553, 2394308. Fax: (095) 2394800.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Kirovo-Chepetsk Directorate of Construction". Address: 613020 Kirov oblast, Kirovo-Chepets, Shkolnaya Street, 2. Director: Aleksandr Romanovich Verba. Telephone: (83361) 10314. Fax: (83361) 19118.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Chepetsk Directorate of Construction". Address: 427600 Respublika Udmurtiya, city of Glazov, Belova Street, 7. Director: Vladimir Yuryevich Pereshein. Telephone: (34141) 72206. Fax: (34141) 34304.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "North Ural Directorate of Construction". Address: 620045 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Lesnoy, Lenin Street, 76. Director: Vladimir Timofeyevich Nesterenko. Telephone: (34342) 69271. Fax: (34342) 24054, 24681.

 Design-Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock company, "Ural". Address: 456236 Chelyabinsk oblast, Trekhgornyy, Street Stroiteley [Street of the Builders], 6. Director: Galina Ivanovna Morozova. Telephone: (35111) 67061. Fax: (35111) 65120.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Sibakademstroy". Address: 630055 Novosibirsk, M. Dzhalil Street, 11. Director: Gennadiy Dmitriyevich Lykov. Telephone: (3832) 322050. Fax: (3832) 322032.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Khimstroy". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, Transport Street, 32. Director: Gennadiy Sergeyevich Molokanov. Telephone: (3822) 776460. Fax: (3822) 776463, 764754.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Sibkhimstroy". Address: 660033 Krasnoyarsk kray, city of Zheleznogorsk, Shtefan Street, 1. Director: Vladimir Mikaylovich Kiyayev. Telephone: (39197) 22076, 29812. Fax: (39197) 29839.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Compnay, "Directorate of Construction No. 604". Address: 663960 Krasnoyarsk kray, city of Zelenogorsk, Kalinin Street, 25. Director: Anatoliy Yakovlevich Kurdyukov. Telephone: (39169) 35722. Fax: (39169) 24940, 44094.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Vostok" [East]. Address: 665358 Irkutsk oblast, city of Sayansk-3, P. O. Box 238. Director: Aleksandr Petrovich Sigal. Telephone: (39513) 32449. Fax: (39513) 32916.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, Priargunskiy Directorate of Construction". Address: 674665 Chitin oblast, city of Krasnokamensk, Avenue Stroiteley [Avenue of the Builders], 7. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Filonich. Telephone: (30245) 25784. Fax: (30245) 46246.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Angarsk Directorate of Construction". Address: 665835 Irkutsk oblast, Angarsk, P. O. Box 2060. Director: Viktor Leonidovich Seredkin. Telephone: (39518) 95062. Fax: (39518) 66856.

 AOZT {Closed-Type Joint-Stock Company], "South Ural Directorate of Construction".

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Mid-Ural Directorate of Construction". Address: 620114 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Dzerzhinskiy Street, 13. Director: Petr Ivanovich Bokov. Telephone: (34370) 24961. Fax: (34370) 40977.

 Joint-Stock Construction Firm, "Aviastroy". Address: 432010 city of Ulyanovsk, Engineer Avenue, 24. Director: Yuriy Porfiryevich Grokhotov. Telephone: (8422) 200228. Fax: (8422) 200289.

 SPAO [Special Production Joint-Stock Company], "Elektrostal Directorate of Construction". Address: 144000 Moscow oblast, city of Electrostal, Karl Marks [Marx] Street, 18. Director: Sergey Alekseyevich Novgorodov. Telephone: (095) 7024794. Fax: (095) 7024794.

 Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company, "Atomstroy", affiliated to the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 1011000 Moscow, B. Ordynka street, 24/26. Director: Konstantin Nikolayevich Moskvin. Telephone: (095) 2394369. Fax: (095) 9535361.

 Joint-Stock Company Construction-Industrial Company, "Dimitrovgradstroy". Address: 433510 Ulayanovsk oblast, Dimitrovgrad, Dachnaya Street, 2. Director: Vladimir Sergeyevich Pisarchuk. Telephone: (84235) 32128. Fax: (84235) 54083.

 Open-Type Joint-stock company, "Donatostroy". Address: 396072 Voronezh oblast, city of Novo-Voronezh. Director: Ivan Pavlovich Mikhalev. Telephone: (07364) 29646. Fax: (07364) 21802.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Northern Directorate of Construction". Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, city of Sosnovyy Bor-537, Leningrad Street, 7. Director: Igor Vladislavovich Ustinov. Telephone: (81269) 62774. Fax: (81269) 62415.

 Obninsk Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company. Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, city of Obninsk, Kurchatov Street, 41. Director: Valeriy Ivanovich Chekmazov. Telephone: (08439) 49250. Fax: (08439) 49248.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Penza Directorate of Construction". Address: 440019 Penza oblast, city of Zarechnyy, Komsomol Street, 41. Director: Nikolay Semenovich Kononenko. Telephone: (8412) 550907. Fax: (8412) 5500973.

 Sarov Construction-Industrial Joint-Stock Company. Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, city of Sarov, Silkin street, 13. Director: Georgiy Georgiyevich Bulgakov. Telephone: (83130) 11077.

 Directorate of Construction No. 620. Address: 142284 Moscow oblast, Protvino. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Syatotskiy. Telephone: (277) 46991.

 First Construction-Installation Trust. Address: 113191 Moscow, First Lyusinovskiy Lane., 36. Director: Yuriy Aleksandrovich Shilobreyev. Telephone: (095) 2376660. Fax: (0950 2374726.

 Kaluga Construction-Installation Trust of Obninsk Directorate of Construction. Address: 248024 Kaluga oblast, city of Obninsk, K. Libknekht Street, 18. Director: Valeriy Fedorovich Desyatnikov. Telephone: (08422) 27162. Fax: (08422) 27878.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Directorate of Industrial Enterprises". Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, city of Sosnovyy Bor, Leningrad Highway, P. O. Box 32. Director: Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shegalo. Telephone: (81269) 62457.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "SMU-15". Address: 142234 Moscow oblast, city of Protvino, Obolensk Highway, 5. Director: Aley Safrovich Nekhay. Telephone: (277) 42517. Fax: (277) 42886.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Spetsatommontazh", affiliated to the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Valeriy Nikolayevich Karmachev, President. Telephone: (095) 2394500. Fax: (095) 2394567.

 Joint-Stock Company PMSP "Elektron". Address: 630065 Novosibirsk-65, Tank Street, 72. Director: Valeriy Nikolayevich Karmachev. Telephone: (3832) 761331. Fax: (3832) 760712, 762076.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Gidromontazh". Address: 143392 Moscow oblast, Naro-Fominskiy rayon, settlement of Selyatino. Director: Gennadiy Pavlovich Kryuchkov. Telephone: (095) 4365510. Fax: (095) 7204960.

 Joint-Stock Company, Energospetsmontazh". Address: 107150 Moscow, Boytsovaya Street, 27. Director: Anatoliy Vasilyevich Shevchenko. Telephone: (0950 1608903. Fax: (095) 1694225.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Promelektromontazh". Address: 107150 Moscow, Boytsovaya Street, 27. Director: Vladimir Grigoryevich Dedlovskiy. Telephone: (0950 1602710, 1695275. Fax: (095) 1601313.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Mospromtekhmontazh". Address: 103473 Moscow, Third Samotechnyy Lane, 11. Director: Yuriy Leonyevich Ilin. Telephone: (095) 2889221, 2844200. Fax: (095) 2844348.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Angarskteplokhimmontazh". Address: 665801 Irkutsk oblast, Angarsk. Director: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Varga. Telephone: (39515) 42658. Fax: (39515) 42678. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company "Promekhanomontazh". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, P. O. Box 494. Director: Anatoliy Vladimirovich Maksimenko. Telephone: (3822) 784900. Fax: (3822) 241520.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company MPK "Uralpromontazh". Address: 454065 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Semenov Street, 22. Director: Sergey Vladimirovich Voloshin. Telephone: (35171) 79250. Fax: (35117) 122214.

 OAO "Spetsmontazhmekhanizatsiya". Address: 115230 Moscow, Nagitinskaya Street, 2 building 1. Director: Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Tarasov. Telephone: (095) 1168791. Fax: (095) 1168863.

 OAO "Spetskhimmontazh". Address: 121069 Moscow, Khlebnyy Lane, 2/3. Director: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Tsitlenko. Telephone: (095) 2917136. Fax: (095) 2900830.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Atomspetskonstruktsiya" Experimental Plant. Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, Elektrostal, Stroitelnyy Lane, 10. Director: Vladimir Alekseyevich Gurov. Telephone: (095) 7029784. Fax: (095) 7029738.

 Open-Type Joint-Stock Company, "Installation-Construction Trust No. 3". Address: 396072 Voronezh oblast, city of Novovoronezh. Director: Anatoliy Nikiforovich Myshko. Telephone: (07364) 20631. Fax: (07364) 20082.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Spetsteplokhimmontazh". Address: 636070 Tomsk oblast, city of Seversk, Semenov Street, 22. Director: Boris Alekseyevich Kormashov. Telephone: (3822) 777932. Fax: (3822) 776939.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Uralgidromontazh". Address: 456780 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Semenov Street, 22. Director: Anatoliy Ivanovich Loboda. Telephone: (35171) 79303. Fax: (35171) 73041.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Spetskhimmontazh". Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, city of Sosnovyy Bor, P. O. Box 47. Director: Nikolay Nikolayevich Kiselev. Telephone: (81269) 64310. Fax: (81269) 64846.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Orgmontazhproyekt". Address: 119146 Moscow, First Frunze Street, 3a. Director: Igor Sergeyevich Ivashkin. Telephone: (095) 2428692. Fax: (095) 2460191.

 Joint-Stock Company, "KONATEM Concern". Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, city of Electrostal, Stroitelnyy Lane, 8. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich. Telephone: (095) 70207725. Fax: (095) 7029070.

 Novosibirsk Plant, "Promstalkonstruktsia". Address: 630075 city of Novosibirsk, Tayginskaya Street, 11. Director: Vladimir Ivanovich Berezikov. Telephone: (3832) 765797. Fax: (3832) 743221.

 Open Joint-Stock Company (Holding), "Spetsstroymaterialy". Address: 113191 Moscow, Kholodilnyy Lane, 3a. Director: Vladimir Aleksandrovich Barkov. Telephone: (095) 2353165. Fax. (095) 2353809.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Kamishlov Plant of Building Materials". Address: 623530 Sverdlovsk oblast, City of Kamyshlov, Street Stroiteley [Street of the Bulders], 1. Director: Oleg Timofeyevich Boyarnikov. Telephone: (34375) 93205. Fax: (34375) 24547.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Vikhorevka Timber-Cutting Combine". Address: 665737 Irkutsk oblast, city of Vikhorevka. Director: Vladimir Grigoryevich Serov. Telephone: (39531) 53548.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Gisopolimer". Address: 614043 Perm, Vasilyev Street, 1. Director: Maksim Veniaminovich Kirichenko, General Director. Telephone: (3422) 257315. Fax: (3422) 250743.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "NIKBOOR". Address: 144001 Moscow oblast, city of Electrostal, Stroitelnyy Lane, 5. Director: Vasiliy Nikolayevich Gulko. Telephone: (095) 7029713. Fax: (095) 7029713. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Stroyplastpolimer". Address: 620024 Yekaterinburg-24, Bisertskaya Street, 1. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Melnik, General Director. Telephone: (3432) 258811. Fax: (3432) 255233.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Udmurtiya Plant of Building Materials". Address: 427600 Respublika Udmurtiya, Glazov, Sovetskaya Street, 49. Director: Anatoliy Aleksandrovich Fedorovskiy. Telephone: (34141) 72564. Fax: (34141) 76482.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Lesstrom". Address: 618500 Perm oblast, city of Solikamsk, Kommunist Street, 44. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich Zinovyev. Telephone: (34253) 30107. Fax: (34253) 30100.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Iskitimramorgranit". Address: 633210 Novosibirsk oblast, Iskitim-5, Tsentralnaya Street, 24. Director: Aleksandr Semenovich Chirkov. Telephone: (38343) 42753, 44745.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Chuna Timber-Cutting Combine". Address: 665540 Irkutsk oblast, Chuna post office. Director: Vladimir Serafimovich Ilinskiy, General Director. Telephone: (39567) 91930. Fax: (39567) 91162.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Polistrom". Address: 456616 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Kopeyk, Tomsk Street, 2. Director: Vladimir Gustavovich Adayev, General Director. Telephone: (35126) 10373. Fax: (35126) 10373. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Krasnoyarskpolimerkeramika". Address: 663010 Krasnoyarsk kray, Berezovskiy rayon, Zykovo, Lineynaya Street, 31. Director: Aleksandr Vladimirovich Bevza, General Director. Telephone: (39175) 92510. Fax: (39175) 564089.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Tomsk Plant of Construction Materials and Products". Address: 634049 Tomsk, Irkutsk Road, 65. Director: Anatoliy Vasilyevich Valov, General Director. Telephone: (3822) 561793. Fax: (3822) 564089.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, Stroypolimerkeramika". Address: 249200 Kaluga oblast, Babinskiy rayon, settlement of Vorotynsk. Director: Said Vaitovich Mambetshayev, General Director. Telephone: (08425) 81401. Fax: (08425) 82271.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Stromashpolimer". Address: 249855 Kaluga oblast, Dzerzhinskiy rayon, settlement of Tovarkovo. Director: Sergey Vasilyevich Kondratyev. Telephone: (08434) 23315. Fax: (08434) 26419.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Tizol". Address: 624350 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Nizhnyaya Tura-7. Director: Mikhail Grigoryevich Mansurov, General Director. Telephone: (34342) 23442. Fax: (34342) 211034.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Silikatstroymaterialy". Address: 636137 Tomsk oblast, settlement of Kopylovo. Director: Aleksey Alekseyevich Shachnev, General Director. Telephone: (38229) 82440. Fax: (38229) 82440.

 Open Joint-Stock Company, "Sortavala Crushing-Grading Plant". Address: 186750 Respublika Kareliya, city of Sortavala, Lesnaya Street, 2. Director: Yuriy Borisovich Yudin, General Director. Telephone: (81430) 42969.

 Closed Joint-Stock Company, "Filter". Address: 249855 Kaluga oblast, Dzerzhinskiy rayon, settlement of Tovarkovo. Director: Gennadiy Mikhaylovich Kadomtsev, General Director. Telephone: (08434) 23985.

 GUP [State Unitary Enterprise], "Volga Testing and Experimental Combine". Address: 171510 Tver oblast, Kimry rayon, settlement of Savelovo. Director: Yuriy Aleksandrovich Matlakhov. Telephone: (095) 2760272. Fax: (095) 5877770.

 Scientific-Research and Design Institutes; Scientific and Scientific-Technical Centers and Organizations of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Physical Profile on Research and Servicing of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle and the Servicing of the Atomic Power Plants.

 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Experimental Physics of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF-RFYaTs). Address: 607190 Sarov, Nizhegorodsk oblast, Mir Avenue, 37. Director: Radiy Ivanovich Ilkayev. Telephone: (83130) 56951, 11264, 11803. Fax: (83130) 53808, 54565. Telex: 151 109 APCA. Web: http:

www.vniief.ru.

 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Technical Physics--Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIITF-RFYaTs). Address: 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk oblast, P. O. Box 245. Director: Georgiy Nikolayevich Rykovanov. Telephone: (35172) 32028. Fax: (35172) 32351. Telex: 124 846 SNOW SU. Web: http:

/ Russian Scientific Center, "Kurchatov Institute". Address: 123182 Moscow, Kurchatov Square, 1. Director: Yevgeniy Pavlovich Velikhov, President. Telephone: (095) 9430074. Web: http:

www.kiae.ru

 State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, Troitsk Institute of Innovative and Thermo- Nuclear Research (GNTs RF TRINITI). Address: 142092 Moscow oblast, Troitsk. Director: Vyacheslav Dmitriyevich Pismennyy. Telephone: (095) 3345041. Fax: (095) 3345776. Web: http:

www.triniti.troitsk.ru.

 State Scientific Center of the Russian federation, " A. I. Leypunskiy Physics-Energy Institute" (GNTs RF FEI). Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, city of Obninsk, Bondarenko Square, 1. Director: Anatoliy Vasilyevich Zrodnikov. Telephone: (095) 9530017, extension 8231. Fax: (09439) 48225. Web: http:

www.ippe.obninsk.ru.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering" (NIKIET). Address: 101000 Moscow, General Post Office, P. O. Box 788. Director: Boris Arsentyevich Gabarayev. Telephone: (095) 9752017. Fax: (095) 9752019. Web: http:

www.entek.ru

 Sverdlovsk Branch of the Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering (NIKIET). Address: 624051 Yekaterinburg oblast, Beloyarsk rayon, Zarechnyy. Director: Viktor Ivanovich Perekhozhev. Telephone: (34377) 35162. Fax: (34377) 33396.

 State Scientific Center, Scientific-Research Institute of Atomic Reactors (GNTs RF NIIAR). Address: 433510 Ulyanovsk oblast, Dimitrovgrad-10. Director: Aleksey Frolovich Grachev. Telephone: (84235) 35648. Web: http:

www.niiar.simbirsk.su

 State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, "Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics" (GNTs RF ITEF). Address: 117259 Moscow, Bolshaya Cheremushkinskaya Street, 25. Director: Mikhail Vladimirovich Danilov. Telephone: (095) 1250292. Fax: (095) 1270833. Web: http:

www.itep.ru

 State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, "Institute of High Energy Physics" (GNTs RF IFVE). Address: 142284 Moscow oblast, Serpukhov rayon, Protvino, Pobeda street, 1. Director: Anatoliy Alekseyevich Logunov. Telephone: (095) 2175857. Fax: (095) 9246752. Web: http:

www.ihep.su.

 Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (OIYaI). Address: 141980 Moscow oblast, Dubna. Director: Vladimir Georgyevich Kadyshevskiy. Telephone: (095) 2002283. Fax: (095) 9752381. Web: http:

www.jinr.ru

 Scientific-Research Institute of Pulse Engineering (NIIIT). Address: 115304 Moscow, Luganskaya Street, 9. Director: Konstantin Nikolayevich Danilenko. Telephone: (095) 3213501. Fax: (095) 3214855.

 Yu. S. Sedkov Scientific-Research Institute of Measuring Systems (NIIIS). Address: 603600 N. Novgorod, GSP. Director: Valentin Yefimovich Kostyukov. Telephone: (8312) 654990. Fax: (8312) 668752.

 State Unitary Scientific-Technical Enterprise, "EFKON" (GNTP "EFKON"). Address: 601190 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Yunost Street, 22. Director: Anatoliy Petrovich Inozemtsev. Telephone: (83130) 45705. Fax: (83130) 45994.

 Design Bureau of Auto-Transport Equipment (KB ATO). Address: 141007 Moscow oblast, city of Mytishchi, Khlebozavodskaya Street, 2. Director: Ernest Pavlovich Kornilovich. Telephone: (095) 5832303. Fax: (095) 5839334.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "A. P. Aleksandrov Scientific-Research and Technological Institute" (NITI). Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, Sosnovyy Bor. Director: Vyacheslav Andreyevich Vasilenko. Telephone: (81269) 62667. Fax: (81269) 63672.

 All-Russian Scientific-research Institute of Technical Physics and Automation (VNIITFA). Address: 115230 Moscow, Varshavskoye Highway, 46. Director: Nikolay Revokatovich. Telephone: (095) 1119496. Fax: (095) 1115434. Web: http:

www.vniitfa.ru

/ Saransk Branch of the All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Technical Physics And Automation (VNIITFA). Address: 430003 Respublika Mordoviya, city of Saransk, Rabochaya Street, 82. Director: Vladimir Ivanovich Piskunov. Telephone: (8342) 171155. Fax: (8342) 171019.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Special Science and Production Association 'Eleron' (SNPO "Eleron"). Address: 115563 Moscow, General Belov Street, 14. Director: Yevgeniy Trofimovich Mishin. Telephone: (095) 3939072. Fax: (095) 3939163.

 Branch State Unitary Enterprise, Special Science and Production Association "Eleron" Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Radio-Electronic Engineering (NIKIRET). Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Mir Avenue, 1. Director: Yuriy Aleksandrovich Olenin. Telephone: (8412) 629474. Fax: (8412) 552528.

 Branch Enterprise, Special Science and Production Association "Eleron" State Unitary Enterprise "Dedal". Address: 141930 Moscow oblast, Dubna, P.O. Box 89. Director: Sergey Leonidovich Fedyayev. Telephone: (221) 62120. Fax: (221) 40469.

 Branch Special Science and Production Association Eleron" "Lepton". Address: 353340 Stavropol kray, Lermontov, Komsomol Street, 24. Director: Anatoliy Vladimirovich Podshibyakin. Telephone: (86535) 22530.

 N. L. Dukhov All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Automation (VNIIA). Address: 101000 Moscow, P. O. Box 918. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Barmakov. Telephone: (095) 9787803. Fax: (095) 9780903.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Scientific-Research Institute of Instruments" (NIIP). Address: 140061 Moscow oblast, Lytkarino, settlement of Turayevo. Director: Vladimir Ivanovich Rogov. Telephone: (095) 5523939. Fax: (095) 5523911.

 State Enterprise, "D. V. Yeremov Scientific-Research Institute of Electro-Physics Equipment" (NIIEFA). Address: 189631 St. Petersburg, Metallostroy, Sovetskiy Avenue, 1. Director: Vasiliy Andreyevich. Telephone: (812) 4648963 Fax: (812) 4647979.

 Institute of Physics-Technical Problems (IFTP). Address: 141980 Moscow oblast, Dubna, GUS, P. O. Box 39. Director: Vladimir Pavlovich Plotnikov. Telephone: (095) 9262209. Fax: (221) 65523.

 Research Center of Applied Nuclear Physics (ITsPYaF). Address: 141980 Moscow oblast, Dubna, Zh. Kyuri Street, 6. Director: Vladimir Dmitriyevich Shestakov. Telephone: (221) 40665. Fax: (221) 65523.

 Moscow Radio-Engineering Institute (MRTI). Address: 113519 Moscow, Varshavskoye Highway, 132. Director: Gennadyy Ivanovich Batskikh. Telephone: (095) 3153111. Fax: (095) 3141053.

 State Center, "Physics of Concentrated Media" Address: 123060 Moscow, VNIINM [All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Inorganic Materials]. Director: Aleksandr Zinovyevich Solontsov. Telephone: (095) 1966389. Fax: (095) 1966389. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.]

 Joint-Stock Company, "Scientific-Production Center, "Rosna". Address: 620151 Yekaterinburg, General Post Office, P. O. Box 74. Director: Grigoriy Yemelyanovich Vedernikov. Telephone: (3432) 413228. Fax: (3432) 413370.

 Scientific-Engineering Center, "SNIIP" (NITs "SNIIP"). Address: 123060 Moscow, Raspletin street, 5. Director: Sergey Borisovich Chebyshov. Telephone: (095) 1987947. Fax: (095) 9430063. Web: http:

www.sniip.ntl.ru

 Specialized Design-Structure Bureau, "Automation" (SPKB "Avtomatika"). Address: 153428 Ivanovo, 11-th Sosnevskaya, 72. Director: Yevgeniy Borisovich Butnikov. Telephone: (0932) 304275. Fax: (0932) 350548.

 State Scientific-Research and Design Enterprise, "Vibrotekhnika". (GNIKP "Vibrotekhnika"). Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 29. Director: Vladimir Petrovich Savchenko. Telephone: (095) 9516750. Fax: (095) 2394609.

 All-Russian Design-Research and Scientific-Research Institute of Industrial Technology (VNIPI Promtekhnolgii). Address: 115409 Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 33. Director: Vladimir Viktorovich Lopatin. Telephone: (095) 3247945. Fax: (095) 3245025.

 Siberian Branch of the All-Russian Design-Research and Scientific-Research Institute of Industrial Technology (SibNIIPromtekhnologii). Address: 674665 Chitin oblast, Krasnokamensk, P. O. Box 3. Director: Nikolay Matveyevich Zemskov. Telephone: (30245) 26147. Fax: (30245) 43670.

 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Technology (VNIIKhT). Address: 115230 Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 3. Director: Viktor Vasilyevich Shatalov. Telephone: (095) 3247584. Fax: (095) 3245441.

 State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, "A. A. Bochvar All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Inorganic Materials" (VNIINM). Address: 123060 Moscow, Rogov Street, 5. Director: Mikhail Ivanovich Solonin. Telephone: (095) 1904993. Fax: (095) 1964168. Web: http:

www.bochvar.ru

 Siberian Branch of State scientific Center of the Russian Federation, "A. A. Bochvar All- Russian Scientific Research Institute of Inorganic Materials". Address: 634018 Tomsk oblast, Seversk, Lermontov Street, 13. Director: Aleksandr Yakovlevich Svarovskiy. Telephone: (38242) 61880. Fax: (3822) 776739.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Scientific-Research Institute, "Luch" (NII "Luch"). Address: 142100 Moscow oblast, city of Podolsk, Zheleznodorozhnaya Street, 24.

 Science and Production Association, "V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute". Address: 194021 St. Petersburg, 2-nd Murinskiy Thoroughfare, 28. Director: Aleksandr Andreyevich Rimskiy-Korsakov. Telephone: (812) 2475641. Fax: (812) 2475781. Web: http:

 Scientific-Research Institutes and Design Institutes, Scientific Centers, and Scientific- Technical Centers of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation for Research and Servicing of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle:

 Moscow Science and Production Association, "Radon" (NPO "Radon"). Address: 141335 Moscow oblast, Sergiyevo-Posadskiy rayon, sub-division Shemetovo. Director: Igor Andreyevich Sobolev. Telephone: (095) 9289069. Fax: (095) 9289916. Web: http:

www.radon.ru

 Central Laboratory for the Protection of the Environment. Address: 607190 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, P. O. Box 423. Director: Vasiliy Dmitriyevich Davydok. Telephone: (83130) 45288. Fax: (86130) 45288.

 Central Scientific-Research Laboratory. Address: 440901 Penza oblast, Zarechnyy, Mir Avenue, 1. Director: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Sorokin. Telephone: (8412) 692706.

 Scientific-Production Center for Conversion. Address: 101000 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Tsisarskiy. Telephone: (095) 2392205. Fax: (095) 2392711.

 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute for Utilization of Atomic Power Stations (VNII AES). Address: 105507 Moscow, Ferganskaya Street, 25. Director: Armen Artvazdovich Abagyan. Telephone: (095) 3761550. Fax: (095) 3768333. Web: http:

www.vniiaes.ru.

 Scientific-Technical Center for Emergency-Technical Work at Atomic Power Stations (NTTs ATR). Address: 109507 Moscow, Ferganskaya Street, 25. Director: Eduard Saakovich Saakov. Telephone: (095) 5819223. Fax: (095) 5818011.

 Technological Branch of the Scientific-Technical Center for Emergency Work at Atomic Power Stations. Address: 142530 Moscow oblast, Pavlo-Posadskiy rayon, Elektrogorsk, Bezymyannaya Street, 6. Director: Anatoliy Yuryevich Likhachev. Telephone: (095) 3760069. Fax: (095) 3760069 [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Structural Design Branch of the Scientific-Technical Center for Emergency Work at Atomic Power Stations. Address: 107818 Moscow, Bakunin Street, 7, building 1. Director: Mikhail Falevich Rogov. Telephone: (095) 3891355. Fax: (095) 3891355. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.].

 Dimitrovgrad Branch of the Scientific-Technical Center for Emergency Work at Atomic Power Stations. Address: 433510 Ulyanovsk oblast, Dimitrovgrad. Director: Vasiliy Ivanovich Shepilov. Telephone: (84235) 34063. Fax: (84235) 35648.

 Elektrogorsk Scientific-Research Center for Security of Atomic Power Stations. Address: 142530 Moscow oblast, Pavlo-Posadskiy rayon, Elektrogorsk, Bezymyannaya Street, 6. Director: Vladimir Nikolayevich Blinkov. Telephone: (243) 33074. Fax: (243) 31235.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Small Power Engineering" [Malaya Energetika]". Address: 105318 Moscow, Tkatskaya Street, Building 1, P. O. Box No. 75. Director: Yevgeniy Alekseyevich Kuzin, General Director. Telephone: (095) 9629269. Fax: (095) 9641900. Web: http:

www.glasnet.ru/~merev Design [Institutes]:

 State Specialized Design Institute (GSPI). Address: 107014 Moscow, Novoryazan Street, building 8a. Director: Vladimir Lvovich Rozhkov. Telephone: (095) 2611259. Fax: (095) 2617264.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Leading Institute "All-Russian Design and Scientific- Research Institute of Integrated Power Engineering technology (GI VNIPIET). Address: 197228 St. Petersburg, Savushkin Street, 82. Director: Valeriy Dmitriyevich Safutin. Telephone: (812) 4301491. Fax: (812) 4300393.

 Krasnoyarsk State Design-Research Institute of VNIPIET [see acronym expansion above]. Address: 660026 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zheleznogorsk, Lenin Street, 39. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Baskakov. Telephone: (39197) 22087. Fax: (39197) 25625.

 Tomsk State Design-Research Institute of VNIPIET. Address: 634039 Tomsk oblast, Seversk, Kurchatov Street, 2. Director: Vitaliy Alekseyevich Mishin. Telephone: (35171) 79550. Fax: (35171) 73822.

 Novosibirsk State Design-Research Institute of VNIPIET. Address: 630075 Novosibirsk-75, B. Khmelnitskiy Street, 2. Director: Anatoliy Vladimirovich Volushchuk. Telephone: (3832) 761315. Fax: (3832) 769613.

 Sosnovyy Bor State Design-Research Institute of VNIPIET. Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, Sosnovyy Bor, 50-th October Anniversary Street, 1, P. O. Box 115.

 Sosnovyy Bor State Scientific-Research Institute of VNIPIET. Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, Sosnovyy Bor, P. O. Box 49. Telephone: (81269) 79452. Fax: (81269) 63480.

 Sosnovyy Bor State Scientific-Research Institute of VNIPIET. Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, Sosnovyy Bor, P. O. Box 49. Director: Leonid Vasilyevich Kizhnerov. Telephone: (81269) 64373. Fax: (81269) 61932.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Scientific-Research and Structural Design Institute, "Atomenergoproekt". Address: 107815 Moscow, Bakunin Street, block 7, building. 1. Director: Andrey Borisovich Malyshev. Telephone: (095) 2614187. Fax: (095) 2650974.

 State Unitary Enterprise, St. Petersburg Scientific-Research and Structural Design Institute, "Atomenergoproekt". Address: 19306 St. Petersburg, Suvorov Avenue, 2a. Director: Vladislav Nikolayevich Korkunov. Telephone: (812) 2772196. Fax: (812) 2770703.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Nizhegorod Scientific-Research and Structural Design Institute, "Atomenergoproekt". Address: 603006 N. Novgorod, GSP-54, Svoboda Square, 3. Director: Yevgeniy Mikhaylovich Koroloev. Telephone: (8312) 333424. Fax: (8312) 358490.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Sverdlovsk Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Machine-Building (SverdNIIkhimmash). Address: 620010 Yekaterinburg, Groboyedov Street, 32. Director: Boris Pimanovich Shevelin. Telephone: (3432) 274310. Fax: (3432) 275505.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Experimental Design Bureau, "Gidropress" (OKB "GIDROPRESS"). Address: 142103 Moscow oblast, city of Podolsk, Ordzhonikidze Street, 21. Director: Yuriy Grigoryevich Dragunov. Telephone: (275) 42576. Fax: (275) 42516.

 State Unitary Enterprise, "I. I. Afrikantov Experimental Design Bureau of Machine- Building". Address: 603074 N. Novgorod, Burnakov Avenue, 15. Director: Aleksandr Ivanovich Kiryushin. Telephone: (8312) 418772. Fax: (8312) 418772. [Sic. Fax no. is same as tel. no.]

 State Unitary Enterprise, Central Design Bureau of Machine-Building" (TsKBM). Address: 195272 St. Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk Square, 3. Director: Yevgeniy Nikolayevich Sokolov. Telephone: (812) 2242075. Fax: (812) 2243257.

 Science and Production Association, "Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Installation Technology" (NPO NIKIMT). Address: 127410 Moscow Altufyevskoye Highway, 43. Director: Leonid Nikolayevich Shchavelev. Telephone: (095) 4899095. Fax: (095) 903100.

 Joint-Stock company, Design-Research and Scientific-Research Institute, "OrgstroyNIIproekt". Address: 113191 Moscow, Kholodilnyy Lane, 3a. Director: Nikolay Nikolayevich Yegorov. Telephone: (095) 2353841. Fax: (095) 2351941.

 Joint-Stock Company, Lermontov Design-Research Institute, "OrgstroyNIIproekt". Address: 357340 Stavropol kray, city of Lermontov, Lermontov Avenue, 1. Director: Vladimir Stepenovich Sorokin. Telephone: (86535) 31604. Fax: (86535) 22191.

 State Unitary Enterprise, Siberian Design Research Institute, "OrgstroyNIIproekt". Address: 665830 Irkutsk oblast, city of Angarsk, Vostochnaya Street, 14. Director: Viktor Ivanovich Shkaptsov. Telephone: (39518) 95945. Fax: (39518) 526745.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Siberian Structural-Design Technological Institute". Address: 630055 Novosibirsk, M. Dzhalil Street, 21. Director: Aleksandr Vladimirovich Glinskiy. Telephone: (3832) 321330. Fax: (3832) 323245.

 State Enterprise, Design-Technological Trust, "Orgstroy-11". Address: 113191 Moscow, Danilov Bank, 10/12. Director: Yuriy Aleksandrovich Pokrovskiy. Telephone: (095) 2376400. Fax: (095) 2376407.

 Informational and analytical [facilities].

 The Situation-Crisis Center. Address: 101100 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Venedikt Petrovich Berchik. Telephone: (095) 2392875. Fax: (095) 2382890.

 Central Scientific-Research Institute of Control, Economics, and Information of The Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia (TsNIIatominform). Address: 127434 Moscow, Dmirovskoye Highway, 2. Director: Nikolay Yegorovich Yakovlev. Telephone: (095) 9767272. Fax: (095) 9767203.

 Novosibirsk Branch of TsNIIATOMINFORM (see acronym expansion above)--Branch Scientific-Technical Center of Information Science in Construction (ONTTs "Informstroy"). Address: 630055 Novosibirsk, M. Dzhalil Street, 23. Director: Anatoliy Nikolayevich Tseba. Telephone: (3832) 321747. Fax: (3832) 325853.

 Angarsk Scientific-Research Center of Control, Economics, and Information Science (ATOMINFORM-A). Address: 665816 Irkutsk oblast, Angarsk, P. O. Box 289. Director: Vitaliy Valentinovich Denisenko. Telephone: (39518) 43621. Fax: (39518) 40262.

 State Enterprise, "Chernobyl Archive". Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Yevgeniy Viktorovich Postnikov. Telephone: (095) 2394687. Fax: (095) 2392237.

 Firm for Commercial Advertisement and Scientific-Technical Propagation. Address: 113105 Moscow, Varshavskoye Highway, 3. Director: Stanislav Mikhaylovich Tsvetayev. Telephone: (095) 9541082. Fax: (095) 9525963.

 Inter-Branch Coordination Center, "Nuklid" Address: 194100 St. Petersburg, Lesnoy Avenue, 64. Director: Nina Simonovna Yanovskaya. Telephone: (812) 5429342. Fax: (812) 5426228.    

 Informational and Analytical Scientific-Research Institutes, Science Centers, and Scientific-Technical Centers of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation:

 State Unitary Enterprise, "Exhibition and Marketing Center." Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Galina Viktorovna Gorshteyn. Telephone: (095) 2392853. Fax: (095) 2392690.

 Press-Service of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation. Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Yuriy Grigoryevich Bespalko. Telephone: (095) 2394650. Fax: (095) 2392535.

 Others:

 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute for the Comprehensive Use of Milk Raw Materials (VNIKIM). Address: 355040 Stavropol-40, Dovatortsev Street, 52a. Director: Veterinary Surgeon, Director of Milkmen. Telephone: (8652) 97592. Fax: (8652) 73615.

 State Establishment, Institute for Problems of Secure Development of Atomic Power, Russian Academy of Sciences ( IBRAE RAN). Address: 113191 Moscow, B. Tulskaya Street, 52. Director: Leonid Aleksandrovich Bolshov, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Telephone: (095) 9522421. Fax: (095) 9581151. Web: http:

www.ibrae.ac.ru

 Institute of Nuclear Physics of Budker (IyaF). Address: 630090 Novosibirsk, Lavrentyev Avenue, 11. Director: A. N. Skrynskiy. Telephone: (3832) 356031. Fax: (3832) 352163. Web: http:

www.inp.nsk.su.

 D. V. Skobeltsyn Scientific-Research Institute of Nuclear Physics (NIIYaF MGU). Address: 119899 Moscow, Vorobyevy gory, NIIYaF MGU. Director: Mikhail Igoryevich Panasyuk. Telephone: (095) 9391818. Fax: (095) 9390896. Web: http:

www.npi.msu.su.

 St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics. Address: 188350 Leningrad oblast, Gatchina. Director: V. A. Nazarenko. Telephone: (812) 7137196. Fax: (812) 7137196.

 11. Educational Establishments.

 Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute (Technical University) (MIFI). Address: 115409 Moscow, Kashirovskoye Highway, 31. Director: Boris Nikolayevich Onykiy. Telephone: (095) 324 3384. Web: http:

www.mifi.ru

 Ozersk Technological Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456783 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Ozersk, Pobeda Avenue, 48. Director: Yuriy Nikolayevich Stepanov, Rector. Telephone: (35171) 44646.

 Novouralsk Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 624130 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk-3, Lenin street, 85. Director: Aleksey Petrovich Dyagilev. Telephone: (34370) 23580.

 Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 620045 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Lesnoy, Kommunist Avenue, 36. Director: Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Khrapal. Telephone: (34342) 60963. Fax: (34342) 55621.

 Sarov Physics-Technical Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 607200 Nizhegorod oblast, Sarov, Dukhov Street, 6. Director: Yuriy Petrovich Shcherbak. Telephone: (83130) 59809.

 Trekhgornyy Polytechnic Institute of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Trekhgornyy, Mir Street, 17. Director: Fedor Ivanovich Dolinin, Rector. Telephone: (35111) 67067.

 Snezhinsk Physics-Technical Institute--Branch of Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute. Address: 456776 Chelyabinsk oblast, city of Snezhinsk, Mir Street, 6/8. Director: Vladimir Makarovich Skovpen. Telephone: (35172) 32422. Fax: (35172) 32256.

 Northern Technological Institute of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Address: 634036 Tomsk-36, Kommunist Avenue, 65. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich Zhiganov. Telephone: (3822) 779529.

 St. Petersburg State Technical University. Address: 195251 St. Petersburg, Politekhnicheskaya Street, 29. Director: Yuriy Sergeyevich Vasilyev, President. Telephone: (812) 2471616. Fax: (812) 5527882.

 St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University), Engineering Physics- Chemistry Faculty. Address: 198013 St. Petersburg, Moscow Avenue, 26. Director: Anatoliy Sergeyevich Dudyrev. Telephone: (812) 2596500. Fax: (812) 1127791.

 Moscow Power Institute (MEI). Address: 105835 Moscow, Krasnokazarmennaya Street, 14. Director: Yevgennyy Viktorovich Ametistov, Rector. Telephone: (095) 3627088. Web: http:

www.mpei.ac.ru

 Inter-Branch Special Training Center affiliated to the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, Obninsk, Kurchatov Street, 21. Director: Vladimir Nikolayevich Serikov. Telephone: (08439) 25344. Fax: (08439) 48510.

 State Central Institute for Qualification Enhancement. Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, Obninsk, Kurchatov Street, 21. Director: Yuriy Petrovich Rydnev. Telephone: (08439) 48833. Fax: (08439) 48011.

 Moscow Institute for Qualification Enhancement, "Atomenergo". Address: 125413 Moscow, Senezhskaya Street, 1/9. Director: Nikolay Ivanovich Ishchenko, Rector. Telephone: (095) 453 0277. Fax: (095) 453 8559.

 State Regional Educational Center of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Address: 197348 St. Petersburg, Aerodromnaya Street, 4. Director: Yuriy Petrovich Lisnenko, Rector. Telephone: (812) 3945005.

 Ural Institute for Qualification Enhancement, "Progress". Address: 624133 Sverdlovsk oblast, city of Novouralsk, Pervomayskaya Street, 107. Director: Valeriy Ivanovich Makarov. Telephone: (34370) 91601. Fax: (34370) 91354. Web: http:

/ Siberian Institute for Qualification Enhancement, "Spetsmontazh". Address: 630075 Novosibirsk-75, Narodnaya Street, 7/1. Director: Oleg Igorevich Sidorov. Telephone: (3832) 760564. Fax: (3832) 760117.

 Central Scientific-Research Institute of Control, Economics, and Information of the Ministry of Atomic energy of Russia (TsNIIatominform). Address: 127434 Moscow, Dmitrovskoye Highway, 2. Director: Nikolay Yegorovich Yakovlev. Telephone: (095) 9767272. Fax: (095) 9767203.

 Novosibirsk Branch of TsNIATOMINFORM [see acronym expansion above]--Branch Scientific-Technical Center of Information Science in Construction (ONTTs "Informstroy). Address: 630055 Novosibirsk, M. Dzhalil Street, 23. Director: Anatoliy Nikolayevich Tseba. Telephone: (3832) 321747. Fax: (3832) 325853.

 Angarsk Scientific-Research Center of Control, Economics, and Information (ATOMINFORM-A). Address: 665816 Irkutsk oblast, Angarsk, P. O. Box 289. Director: Vitaliy Valentinovich Denisenko. Telephone: (39518) 43621. Fax: (39518) 40262.

 State Enterprise, "Chernobyl Archive". Address: 109017 Moscow, B. Ordynka Street, 24/26. Director: Yevgenyy Viktorovich Postnikov. Telephone: (095) 2394687. Fax: (095) 2392237.

 Firm for Commercial Advertisement and Scientific-Technical Propagation. Address: 103105 Moscow, Varshavskoye Highway, 3. Director: Stanislav Mikhaylovich Tsvetayev. Telephone: (095) 9541082. Fax: (095) 9525963.

 Northern Indusrial College (municipal educational establishment). Address: 636070 Tomsk obalst, Seversk, Kommunist Avenue, 65. Director: Aleksandr Nikolayevich Zhiganov. Telephone: (3822) 779529.

 Beloyarsk Polytechnic College Address: 624051 Sverdlovsk oblast, Zarechnyy, Lenin Street, 27. Director: Oleg Nikolayevich Arefyev. Telephone: (34377) 32004.

 Balakhna Polytechnic College. Address: 606400 Nizhegorod oblast, Balakhna, Dzerzhinskiy Street, 21. Director: Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Checherin. Telephone: (83144) 20781.

 Moscow Industrial College. Address: 113191 Moscow, Kholodilnyy Lane, 7. Director: Viktor Sergeyevich Geraskin. Telephone: (095) 9522621.

 Moscow Oblast Polytechnic College. Address: 144000 Mocow oblast, Electrostal, Lenin Street, 41. Director: Nikolay Stepanovich. Telephone: (095) 7029028.

 Siberian Polytechnic College. Address: 630075 Novosibirsk-75, B. Khmelnitskiy Street, 9. Director: Pavel Andreyevich Tereshchenko. Telephone: (3832) 760239.

 Novovoronezh Polytechnic College. Address: 396072 Voronezh oblast, Novovoronezh, Oktyabrskaya Street. Director: Mikhail Alekseyevich Dukhanin. Telephone: (07364) 28096.

 Yuzhnouralsk Polytechnic College. Address: 456783 Chelyabinsk oblast, Ozersk, Pobeda Street, 48. Director: Angelina Valentinovna Romanovna. Telephone: (35171) 44623.

 Uralsk Polytechnic College. Address: 624130 Sverdlovsk oblast, Novouralsk-3, Lenin street, 85. Director: Leonid Nikolayevich Mochalov. Telephone: (34370) 22497.

 Volgodonsk Engineering College of Power-Machine Building. Address: 347340 Rostov oblast, Volgodonsk, Lenin street, 27. Director: Tamara Vailyevna Bazavova. Telephone: (86392) 25673.

 Zarechnyy Industrial College (municipal educational establishment). Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, Obninsk, Lenin Avenue, 71. Director: Vladimir Petrovich Petrov. Telephone: (08439) 61209.

 Obninsk Poly-Engineering College. Address: 249020 Kaluga oblast, Obninsk, Lenin Avenue, 71. Director: Vladimir Petrovich Petrov. Telephone: (08439) 61209.

 Krasnoyarsk Electro-Mechanical Engineering College. Address: 663690 Krasnoyarsk kray, Zelenogorsk, Bortnikov Street, 13. Director: Grigoriy Antipyevich Porsev. Telephone: (39169) 34433.

 Angarsk Polytechnic College. Address: 665030 Irkutsk oblast, Angarsk, P. O. Box 60. Director: Yuriy Vasilyevich Dragunov. Telephone: (3951) 999362.

 Sosnovyy Bor Branch of Moscow Obalst Polytechnic College. Address: 188537 Leningrad oblast, Sosnovyy Bor, Mir Street, 5. Director: Tatyana Nikolayevna Keller. Telephone: (812) 69662224.

 Protvino Branch of Moscow Oblast Polytechnic College. Address: 142284 Moscow Oblast, Serpukhov rayon, P. O. Box 66. Director: Nadezhna Pavlovna Sholokhova, Branch Head. Telephone: (09677) 41362.

 Kirovo-Chepetsk Branch of Moscow Oblast Polytechnic College. Address: 613020 Kirov oblast, Kirovo-Chepetsk, P. O. Box 32. Director: Lidiya Aleksandrovna Malykh, Branch Head. Telephone: (83361) 31296.

 Dubna Branch of Moscow Oblast Polytechnic College. Address: 141980 Moscow oblast, Dubna, Priborstroitelnaya Street, 2. Director: Galina Nikolayevna Lepunova, Head of Branch. Telephone: (09621) 40523.

 Glazov Branch of Moscow Oblast Polytechnic College. Address: 427600 Udmurt Republic, Glazov, General Post Office, P. O. Box 238. Director: Olga Andreyevna Trushkina, Head of Branch. Telephone: (34141) 30476.

 Professional-Technical School No. 1. Address: 171850 Tver Oblast, Udomlya, Kurchatov Avenue, 8. Director: Viktor Mikhaylovich Bezverkhov. Telephone: (08255) 43075.

 12. Export Services.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Tekhsnabeksport". Address: 109180 Moscow, Staromonetnyy Lane, 26. Director: Revmir Georgiyevich Frayshtut. Telephone: (095) 9533864. Fax: (095) 2302638.

 Firm, "Uranservis"--Director Aleksy Antonovich Grigoryev. Firm, "TVELy"--Director Oleg Valeriyevich Bondarenko. Firm, "Atomimpeks"--Director Viktor Mikhaylovich Rodin. Currency and Finance Section. Section for State of Market and Prices. Section for Foreign Relations and Protocol. Section for Informational Provision. Section for Processing and Protection of Information.

 Separation Plants.

 Ural Electro-Chemical Combine. Separation Plant. Address: 624130 Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk oblast, Dzerzhinskiy Street, 2. Director: Anatoliy Petrovich Knutarev, General Director. Telephone: (34370) 92424. Fax: (34370) 94141. Web: http:

www.ricon.e-burg.ru

 Electro-Chemical Plant (EkhZ). Separation Plant. Address: 663690 Zelenogorsk, Krasnoyarsk kray. Director: Anatoliy Nikolayevich Shubin, General Director. Telephone: (39169) 33350, 33321.

 Siberian Chemical Combine. Separation Plant. Address: 636070 Seversk, Tomsk oblast, Kurchatov oblast, 1. Director: Valeriy Konstantinovich Larin, General Director. Telephone: (3822) 771798. Fax: (3822) 772528. Web: http:

 Angarsk Electrolytic Chemical Combine. Separation Plant. Address: 665804 Irkutsk oblast, city of Angarsk. Director: Viktor Panteleymonovich Shopen. Telephone: (39518) 40710. Fax: 39518) 66715.

 Joint-Stock Company, "Atomstroyeksport". Address: 113184 Moscow, Malaya Ordynka Street, 35, building 3. Director: Viktor Vasilyevich Kozlov. Telephone: (095) 7379037.

 All-Regional Association, "Izotop" [Isotope].

 State Unitary Enterprise, All-Regional Association, "Izotop" (V/O "Izotop"). Address: 119435 Moscow, Pogodinskaya Street, 22. Director: Boris Viktorovich Akakiyev. Telephone: (095) 2450118. Fax: (095) 2452492.

 Yekaterinburg Enterprise, "Izotop". Address: 620142 Yekaterinburg, Belinskiy Street, 143. Director: Lilian Akhramovich Khamitov. Telephone: (3432) 223149. Fax: (3432) 227473.

 Khabarovsk Enterprise, "Izotop". Address: 680020 Khabarovsk, Volchayevskaya Street, 83. Director: Vladimir Vladimirovich Fedorov. Telephone: (4212) 222025. Fax: (4212) 222025.

 13. Business Partners of Enterprises of Ministry of Atomic Energy (none listed).

 14. Banks, Insurance Organizations, and Investment Companies (none listed).

 15. Ecological Organizations.

 Bellona. Web: http:

www.bellona.no.

 Green World. Web: http:

www.spb.org.ru/greenworld

 Social-Ecological Union. Web: http:

www.cci.glasnet.ru/seu

 Contructive-Ecological Movement, "Kedr". (no listing)

 Ecoline. Web: http:

www.cci.glasnet.ru

 World-Wide Informational Service for Problems of Energy. Web: http:

www.antenna.nl

 E-tip. Web: http:

www.ecologia.nier.org

 EcoNet. Web: http:

www.igs.org/igs/econet

 Grinpis [Greenpeace] Russia. Web: http:

www.greenpeace.ru

 Grinpis Interneshnl [Greenpeace International]. Web: http:

www.greenpeace.org

 Prima-M. Web: http:

www.glasnet.ru/aoprima

 Center for Disarmament, Energy, and Ecology MFTI [Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology]. Web: http:

www.armscontrol.ru

 16. Social and Non-Commercial Organizations. (none listed)

 17. Strategic Nuclear Forces of Russia. (none listed)      

40 Facts About Elektrostal

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 01 Jun 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy , materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes , offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development .

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy , with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

Elektrostal's fascinating history, vibrant culture, and promising future make it a city worth exploring. For more captivating facts about cities around the world, discover the unique characteristics that define each city . Uncover the hidden gems of Moscow Oblast through our in-depth look at Kolomna. Lastly, dive into the rich industrial heritage of Teesside, a thriving industrial center with its own story to tell.

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