banking essay book pdf

Money and Banking

(7 reviews)

Robert E. Wright, NYU

Copyright Year: 2012

ISBN 13: 9780982043080

Publisher: Saylor Foundation

Language: English

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Reviewed by Nabila Rahman Biju, Assistant Professor of Economics, Berea College on 11/14/23

I really liked the fact that the first few chapters started with very basic ideas which makes it easier for the beginners to start in this field. And I like the think-boxes. read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 5 see less

I really liked the fact that the first few chapters started with very basic ideas which makes it easier for the beginners to start in this field. And I like the think-boxes.

Content Accuracy rating: 4

The discussion of moral hazard and the so called 'evil practice' is a good way to introduce students about the financial system's drawbacks. They should realize that this current system is not the best we could do so far. Rather, it the accumulation of historical accidents and there is plenty of room for improvements in this current system. So yes, I think the content was pretty unbiased.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 5

With all the detailed examples, I found it to be quite relevant. I am teaching Money and Banking class currently, and I can find most of my important topics in this book as well. So, yes, I will say this book is relevant.

Clarity rating: 5

The language of the book is really reader-friendly and as I mentioned before, I felt a non-Econ or non-Business background student also can easily understand.

Consistency rating: 4

The content and topics of each consequent chapters flow well.

Modularity rating: 5

It's already way too divided into sub-topics at least in my opinion. No need to break it down further.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 3

Although it is not an e-book and only a pdf, still, putting in a list of contents could be done. I strongly recommend to have a list of contents with hyperlinks linking to each chapter as it really helps. Especially when a person is re-reading, its really annoying to keep scrolling.

Interface rating: 2

Would be nice to have hyperlinks.

Grammatical Errors rating: 5

Good writing

Cultural Relevance rating: 4

I would expect more discussion of other countries also the ancient times. But it's still very relevant.

I liked it quite a bit. Only adding a list of content is the only thing I would ask for. Thanks!

Reviewed by Ulmaskhon Kalandarova, Instructor, Colorado State University on 1/2/21

Although the book covers majority of concepts in money and banking, but unfortunately it seems that all data is outdated and sometime the fundamental legislative laws like Dodd-Frank act not even mentioned. Also, more discussion of bank regulating... read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 3 see less

Although the book covers majority of concepts in money and banking, but unfortunately it seems that all data is outdated and sometime the fundamental legislative laws like Dodd-Frank act not even mentioned. Also, more discussion of bank regulating system is recommended - it is very brief in chapter-11. The revised and more comprehensive version of this book is recommended. For example, this book could compare its' contents with Cecetti's Money and Banking book, which is widely used in teaching this course.

Fundamental concepts seem to be discussed very well, but the demonstration data seems to be a bit loose.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 4

The text is written in clear prose. I did not have any difficulty with its understanding.

Consistency rating: 5

Text is consistent with terminology, however the modern terminology could be also included - like bitcoins, hi tech , mobile banking issues

Modularity rating: 3

Modularity needs to be revised and added more parts for practice, brief summaries, real-life examples.

Structure is outdated - need to include at least some practice problems and explanation of their solutions for some of them in the text. Also, real life examples section would be a plus. Also, brief summary of chapter's main points could improve this book.

Interface rating: 3

I think the book should be revised due to very outdated display features - it seems very old and comparing for example to Cecetti's book in money and banking - I would not choose this book for teaching - because it does not have many different informative, practice, learn sections as other books have.

I didn't find any grammatical errors in the text.

Cultural Relevance rating: 5

I would recommend to add more data from developing nations banking system for informative and comparison/analysis purposes. This could give a brief explanation of different factors that effect developing countries banking systems, and their special characteristics.

Reviewed by Peter Mikek, Associate Professor, Wabash College on 12/22/19

This is a great book for any student that is exposed to questions of money and banking for the first time.The book is certainly comprehensive in covering most of the money and banking topics, reaching a bit into macroeconomics and international... read more

This is a great book for any student that is exposed to questions of money and banking for the first time.The book is certainly comprehensive in covering most of the money and banking topics, reaching a bit into macroeconomics and international finance. The 26 chapters provide overview and numerous examples of standard Money and Banking courses/textbooks and, very likely, include more material than can be thoroughly covered in a semester course. The three chapters devoted totally to banking are complemented with standard coverage of monetary policy and well placed within macroeconomic framework. It is delightful that the focus on banks within financial sector is maintained through most of the text. The text includes a chapter on financial crisis, international finance, and several chapters reviewing and scaffolding a broader context for money and banking. I was puzzled by the fact that I could not locate the chapter of Financial Derivatives. However, I suspect that this was probably some error preparing the online PDF file. While the work is very broad in its scope the text in each sections is super focused and relatively short. While I am a fan of concise textbooks, I found it occasionally too limited (for example there is a chapter with only 6 pages of text that includes several unnecessary excursions into methodology and history).

Overall, I find the book very accurate and unbiased. In some sense the text strikes me as not completely polished but still great text. The remaining typos are not crucial for understanding and can be easily identified.Let me give you some examples: in an example of a balance sheet ,the author claim that liabilities are "things owNed," they place transaction deposits on one T account among bank's assets, in a scheme of a transmission mechanism they have an arrow turned the wrong way (EMP, net worth down), "nominal rates on risky securities had in fact soared in 1930-1933" should actually talk about the real rates, etc. Again, these are small remaining errors and a reader will be able to fix them easily as they go. I am convinced that the next iteration of the text will get rid of the remaining typos.

This is definitely one of the very strong attributes of this interesting text. The examples are definitely up-to-date as it includes examples from the recent financial crises and developments in international finance. But not only that, the author uses rich historical background artfully to place the more recent examples in historical context. This contributes to richer text and better understanding of several provided examples. I believe that the text will need relatively little in terms of updating it.

Clarity rating: 4

This is a fantastically clear presentation of ideas and concepts. The authors use Stop and Think boxes to expand upon the basic ideas with examples, Key Takeaways boxes to reiterate the most important points, Exercise boxes to provide hands-on opportunities. Each section starts with clearly spelled learning objectives. Super concise text leaves the reader with clear message. But maybe the most enjoyable feature of the text is vivacious, playful, and rich language. I am REALLY impressed with the rich vocabulary and engaging, occasionally truly erudite, nicely varied language ("if not insane, at least inane,” “Asymmetric information (that horrible three-headed hound from Hades),” “if you wrap your car around a tree,” etc.). The authors try to engage the average reader also with a number of colloquial expressions that are less to my taste ("those smakers," "kinda funny that," "darn high") but I guess that is just my taste.

The authors are consistent across the chapters, they use standard field specific vocabulary. I think they score high on this point.

This is another strong quality of the text. While some parts are absolutely essential in every Money and Banking text, such as time value of money or chapter on banking and one on monetary policy, there are parts that can easily be added or dropped based on preferences of the instructor. Chapters devoted to exchange rates or international monetary arrangements can easily be postponed to later courses. Similarly, students that already had a decent intermediate macroeconomics will not need chapters focused on macro. So, the text both allows for various arrangements of the building blocks in a variety of ways.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 5

The textbook follows a standard order in presentation of the material. Not only the sequencing but also parsing the material into logical units was done with the due care. This is actually essential for good learning success and they did if perfectly. Additionally, I already mentioned that each section has clearly spelled learning objective and Key Takeaways that contribute to transparent structure of the text. Finally, progression from one topic to the next is seamless and easy to follow.

Interface rating: 5

Navigation is easy and clear, the figures, excercises, Stop And Think boxes are clearly marked. The text consistently uses several different colors to indicate parts of the text or to emphasize this or that (such as tables). The interface is not only easy to use, it is also nicely appealing for the reader.

I found no issues with the grammar. Furthermore, I wish to emphasize again that the use charming and vivacious language.

I found the book to follow the usual standards regarding the cultural sensitivity and non-offensive language. Despite the fact that the book is devoted to functioning of a financial system in developed capitalist economy the text includes ample examples from across the globe - in particular in chapters on international finance. German reunification, Chinese high foreign reserves and exchange rate system, Argentine currency crises are just three of numerous examples that cross the cultural and geographical borders with ease and clarity.

This is an absolutely delightful text that uses fresh, clear, and playful language in the field that can be perceived as rather dry. The book will be best suited for beginners with first encounters with money and banking. For others, a skillful instructor can easy point out on what they should focus (and where are few remaining typos). The text is comprehensive and set in a way that will serve broad set of instructor's preferences; from those that wish to focus on international finance to those that wish to include some review of macroeconomics. One of the best attributes of the book is the fact that the author never loses its focus on banks and/or monetary policy. Overall, I find the text great.

Reviewed by Partha Gangopadhyay, Professor, St. Cloud State University on 6/10/19

The text provides a comprehensive coverage of Money and Banking topics. If anything, there is too much material in the book's 26 chapters for one course. Most colleges do not have more than one Money and Banking course. The book has enough... read more

The text provides a comprehensive coverage of Money and Banking topics. If anything, there is too much material in the book's 26 chapters for one course. Most colleges do not have more than one Money and Banking course. The book has enough material for at least two such courses. I did not see an index or a glossary of terms.

Content Accuracy rating: 5

I have not detected any error in the text. I checked out some of the hyperlinks to outside resources. The links seem to work just fine. I would like to see the sources of the tables and figures listed below the tables/figures in the book.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 2

The text needs to be revised and updated. The tables and figures in the book provide information up to 2007-2008. This applies to many of the tables/figures in chapters 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, and 21. There is a brief discussion of banking regulation in chapter 11. However, I did not see even a mention of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, or the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010, or the Basle 111 capital requirements. The discussion in the books seems to end with the Riegle-Neal Act of 1995, and the Basle 11 requirements. Also, the suggested readings at the end of the chapters need to include more current articles and other resources. The fundamental concepts of money and banking have not materially changed over time. The book does a good job of explaining these concepts. However, the banking laws and data and statistics have changed over time. These need to be updated. The book was written in 2012. It is time for a newer edition. The updates can be easily implemented.

The book is written in clear and concise language. Beginning students should not have any difficulty in reading and understanding the concepts. Students will also be able to personally relate to many of the examples and anecdotes that are spread throughout the book.

The writing style is consistent throughout the book. I also like the consistent layout of the chapters. Each chapter and section begin with a set of learning objectives, and ends with 'Key Takeaways', and a list of suggested readings. I also like the 'Stop and Think' boxes in each chapter.

I may be able to cover 10 or 11 chapters from the book in a sixteen-week semester. As I mentioned elsewhere, there is enough material in the book for at least two 'Money and Banking' courses. It will be easy to pick 10-12 chapters from the book to cover in a 'Money and Banking' class. The text is not overly self-referential, and most chapters can stand on their own. The text can be easily divided into smaller sub-units that can be incorporated in different courses.

The text and the individual chapters are logically organized. The order of the chapters is clear, and the concepts are presented in a coherent and logical manner.

Interface rating: 4

I did not detect any issues with interface. I suggest numbering the equations in chapters 4-7, 9, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, and 21. Also, the sources of the various tables/figures should be listed below the tables or figures. Several exercises are included in chapters 4-7, 9, 15, 17, 18, and 21. I am assuming that the solutions to these exercises will be made available to the instructors in supplementary materials in the book's website. However, I suggest that the answers to at least some of these exercises should be provided in an Appendix at the end of the book. It will also be helpful if a section of conceptual questions and/or numerical exercises is added at the end of each chapter. I also suggest adding a section in chapter 4 (and in other chapters) showing how to calculate the time value of money (and bond prices) using a financial calculator.

I have not seen any grammatical errors in the book.

I did not notice any cultural insensitivity in the book.

The book is comprehensive in the coverage of Money and Banking topics. However, the book is very outdated. A new edition of the book with up-to-date discussion of the banking regulatory framework, and well as current data and statistics is needed at this point. The concepts are easy to understand, and the book is well-written.

Reviewed by Laura Carolevschi, Assistant Professor, Winona State University on 6/20/17

In its 26 chapters, the textbook covers a wide array of money and banking topics, as well as macroeconomics topics with monetary policy applications. The treatment of the subjects is clear, easy to follow and relevant with applied examples. No... read more

In its 26 chapters, the textbook covers a wide array of money and banking topics, as well as macroeconomics topics with monetary policy applications. The treatment of the subjects is clear, easy to follow and relevant with applied examples. No index or glossary was provided with the version that was reviewed.

The content is accurate, error-free and unbiased, at least in the sections I chose to review.

The theories discussed in the textbook are up-to-date, and will stand the test of time for a while. However, some of the data will need to be updated. I'm reviewing this book in 2017, and many of the graphs have data until 2007-2008.

The author uses a story-telling format that is easy to read and accessible to both beginners and advanced learners. The book has many examples that students might be able to relate to due to personal experience.

All chapters are using the same format. The terminology and concepts are used consistently throughout the text.

While the textbook covers a variety of topics, it is easily divisible into smaller sections. Each chapter is divided into several topics, and each sub-chapter is clearly organized around a single topic, while still easily integrating within the larger subject matter of each chapter. During a regular semester I am usually unable to cover an entire textbook, and I select some chapters to cover first, with a couple of chapters as "maybe", if we still have time at the end of the semester. This textbook can be easily organized in such a way.

The topics in the text are presented in a logical and clear fashion. The organization/structure/flow are consistent throughout the text. All chapters are organized in the same format, making the text easy to read and follow.

The text is free of any interface issues. Most images/tables/graphs were clear and easy to read. However, I encountered a couple of images that were unclear - on page 258, I could only read the names of the countries, but not the text in each box even after zooming in; the table on page 304 seems to not be visible in its entirety. Another thing that would make the book easier to navigate would be a table of contents with hyperlinks to each chapter. The .pdf version that I'm reviewing does not have it.

I could not find any grammar errors. (However, I found some typos - in a few instances, it seems that the space between the words is missing, likethis.)

The treatments of topics in this textbook is respectful of different cultures.

The book provides a comprehensive yet approachable coverage of several monetary policy issues. The format of the book make it versatile to several uses - as a standalone text in money and banking classes, or as supplementary reading in introductory or intermediary macroeconomics classes.

Reviewed by Wendy Usrey, Faculty Instructor, Colorado State University on 12/5/16

This book is fantastic in terms of the breadth of finance, money and banking topics. I have found that most money and banking texts have some of the topics I want to cover in my classes, but I have seen very few that contain all of the material I... read more

This book is fantastic in terms of the breadth of finance, money and banking topics. I have found that most money and banking texts have some of the topics I want to cover in my classes, but I have seen very few that contain all of the material I am looking for in one, easily digestible textbook. With 26 chapters covering everything from how money and banking applies to our everyday lives, to the theory of rational expectations and its implications for monetary policy, this book is so comprehensive I can easily see myself using it in several different finance classes as well as in various economics courses.

I have not seen any errors in terms of content or examples/problems in the text. However, some of the hyperlinks to outside resources are no longer working.

1. I was very excited to see all of the hyperlinks to external content (new stories, other texts, etc), but as mentioned above, quite a few of the hyperlinks are no longer working. Depending on the link this could be a relatively easy fix, but some of these sources may no longer exist and may need to be removed. While not particularly difficult, if the text refers to the content referenced by the link, portions of the text will need to be rewritten if the links are removed. I also noted a few places where the text is already in need of some updating, for example, the book does a good job of explaining the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis, along with concepts such as the “Lender of Last Resort” and monetary policy, but does not contain any discussion on quantitative easing. This was a very critical and important (as well as controversial) component of the Federal Reserve's response the Financial Crisis, so it should have been included in the text or added in an update.

Overall the text is written in a very accessible manner without sacrificing academic rigor. Concepts are explained fully but in such a way that students from a variety of backgrounds should be able to understand the content. As another reviewer mentioned, a glossary or index at the end of the text would be very useful for helping to navigate the text and find definitions of key terms quickly.

Terminology, writing style and framework remain consistent throughout the text.

Despite the amount of material, this text is very well organized. The content is broken up into manageable chunks with very clear learning objectives stated at the beginning and key takeaways at the end of each section. This format makes a big difference in terms of helping the reader stay oriented so they do not get lost in the world of financial jargon and concepts. I particularly liked how each chapter was organized with so many additional resources and references. I particularly like the clear chapter objectives, followed by learning objectives for each sub-section. The "suggested reading" at the end of each chapter, as well as the "stop and think" boxes make the text very approachable for students and give the instructor a lot of great ideas for incorporating outside content and examples into the class.

The order in which the topics are presented is also very good with progression between concepts fluid and intuitive, but hyperlinks referring to other parts of the text make it very easy for an instructor to teach the topics in an order that suits their individual class structure without the worry of having students end up "lost in the text."

The interface of the book is very easy to navigate. Content displays as expected and does not seem to be affected by the format (I reviewed both the web interface as well as the downloaded PDF version). One thing that would make navigation easier would be to add hyperlinks from the table of contents to the chapters in the downloadable PDF version. This feature is available when viewing on the web, but did not appear as an option once I downloaded the PDF.

No grammar or spelling errors were found during my review.

As expected from an academic text, there are no insensitive or offensive references in the text. Additionally, the information is easy to understand regardless of cultural background and can easily be used in diverse classes with little to no adaptation.

Overall I think this is a solid, well written text that contains a lot of relevant and useful information. The world of finance can be intimidating and the author does a wonderful job of helping make the subject matter approachable and interesting, particularly with the use of humor and clever chapter titles. I intend to use this text in several of my own classes that range from introductory up to intermediate level classes.

Reviewed by Mahmoud Al-Odeh, Assistant Professor, Bemidji State University on 6/10/15

This is a good textbook that covers a wide range of topics in the economic analysis theory and application. The book consists of 24 chapters that cover current topics related such as Interest Rates, Inflation, Rate of Return, Future and Current... read more

This is a good textbook that covers a wide range of topics in the economic analysis theory and application. The book consists of 24 chapters that cover current topics related such as Interest Rates, Inflation, Rate of Return, Future and Current Value of Money, Money Supply Process, Monetary Policy Tools and Foreign Exchange. The book also disscussed Balance Sheet and a T-account and provided strategies for Bank Management. The chapters include a good examples to be used in the classroom to explain the topic. The exercises at the end of each topic are extremely helpful and can be used as homework assignments.

I have reviewed several examples given in the book and I found that the book is accurate and contains no errors.

The content and the topics in the book is very good for introductory and intermediate economy classes. The examples provided are current and up-to-date. As any textbook, it is recommended changing and updating the content at least once every five years to include more relevant examples and case studies.

The book is written in a way that students can easily understand the content without difficulties. I also like the funny style (e.g. “grandma, bless her soul,” examples) and the creativity in writing the exercises. This creativity in writing will keep students more engaged with the book content. The examples are clear and short to the point.

The textbook is consistent in terminology and framework. The terms use in each chapter are consistent across the chapters. It is recommended to include a section (e.g. appendix) for key terms & definitions.

The chapters are organized and divided into subsections/subtopics with objectives that support the overall chapters’ objectives. These objectives that are listed at the beginning of each topic are very helpful to assess students’ knowledge. The examples provided in each chapter can be used by instructors to explain the topic in each chapter and to measure the achievements of specific objectives. Some of the features that I like in this textbook are: “key takeaways” sections summarize important points in the topic/chapter; “Suggested Reading” sections provide resources and links to be used for more information; “Stop and Think Box” sections provide discussion topics that make students think about the big picture of the chapter; and “exercises” sections can be used to assess students’ knowledge regarding specific chapter/topic objectives.

Excellent. The logical organization of the chapters made the topics presented more appealing and interesting to students. The book organized using components such as: topics objectives, explanations, examples, key takeaways, Stop and Think Box, and exercises. All these components made the structure of the book easy to follow.

Very good. I found no issues. For future improvements, it would be helpful if special techniques or applications used for writing equations. For example, the equation on page 63 “FV = PV(1 + i) n” it should be PV = FV/(1 + i) ^ n as it is summarized in “key takeaways” on page 66. Also, it is recommended separating the examples giving from the discussion or the explanation. It could be the explanation and discussion first and then section with “example X.X” heading to show an example.

No grammar issues found.

The text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way. The examples and topics provided are applicable in any country and for any cultural environment.

This is a good textbook that covers theory and application of the economic analysis. The book structure and the writing style made the topics easy to understand by students. It is highly recommended to be used for introductory and intermediate economy classes. The examples and exercises provided are excellent to be used as in-class activities and homework assignments.

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1: Money, Banking, and Your World
• Chapter 2: The Financial System
• Chapter 3: Money
• Chapter 4: Interest Rates
• Chapter 5: The Economics of Interest-Rate Fluctuations
• Chapter 6: The Economics of Interest-Rate Spreads and Yield Curves
• Chapter 7: Rational Expectations, Efficient Markets, and the Valuation of Corporate Equities
• Chapter 8: Financial Structure, Transaction Costs, and Asymmetric Information
• Chapter 9: Bank Management
• Chapter 10: Innovation and Structure in Banking and Finance
• Chapter 11: The Economics of Financial Regulation
• Chapter 12: Financial Derivatives
• Chapter 13: Financial Crises: Causes and Consequences
• Chapter 14: Central Bank Form and Function
• Chapter 15: The Money Supply Process and the Money Multipliers
• Chapter 16: Monetary Policy Tools
• Chapter 17: Monetary Policy Targets and Goals
• Chapter 18: Foreign Exchange
• Chapter 19: International Monetary Regimes
• Chapter 20: Money Demand
• Chapter 21: IS-LM
• Chapter 22: IS-LM in Action
• Chapter 23: Aggregate Supply and Demand and the Growth Diamond
• Chapter 24: Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanisms
• Chapter 25: Inflation and Money
• Chapter 26: Rational Expectations Redux: Monetary Policy Implications

Ancillary Material

About the book.

The financial crisis of 2007-8 has already revolutionized institutions, markets, and regulation. Wright's Money and Banking V 2.0 captures those revolutionary changes and packages them in a way that engages undergraduates enrolled in Money and Banking and Financial Institutions and Markets courses.

Minimal mathematics, accessible language, and a student-oriented tone ease readers into complex subjects like money, interest rates, banking, asymmetric information, financial crises and regulation, monetary policy, monetary theory, and other standard topics. Numerous short cases, called "Stop and Think" boxes, promote internalization over memorization. Exercise drills ensure basic skills competency where appropriate. Short, snappy sections that begin with a framing question enhance readability and encourage assignment completion.

The 2.0 version of this text boasts substantive revisions (additions, deletions, rearrangements) of almost every chapter based on the suggestions of many Money and Banking instructors.

Some specific highlights are: Chapter 11 now contains enhanced descriptions of recent regulatory changes, including Dodd-Frank, Chapter 12 is an entirely new chapter on derivatives covering forwards, futures, options, and swaps that also including comprehensive treatment of the causes and consequences of financial crises, and Chapter 14 has updated discussions of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy tools, including paying interest on reserves, and the structure and leadership of the European Central Bank.

Recent financial turmoil has increased student interest in the financial system but simultaneously threatens to create false impressions and negative attitudes. This up-to-date text by a dynamic, young author encourages students to critique the financial system without rejecting its many positive attributes. Peruse the book online now to see for yourself if this book fits the needs of your course and students.

This textbook has been used in classes at: Augustana College, Central Michigan University, Florida State University, Lyndon State College, Princeton University, Rutgers University, University of Southern Maine, Western Oregon University., Westminster College.

About the Contributors

Robert E. Wright was born in 1969 in Rochester, New York, to two self-proclaimed factory rats.

"I recall little of my earliest days except the Great Inflation and oil embargo, which stretched the family budget past the breaking point. The recession in the early 1980s also injured my family’s material welfare and was seared into my brain. My only vivid, noneconomic memories are of the Planet of the Apes films (all five of them!) and the 1972 Olympics massacre in Munich; my very young mind conflated the two because of the aural similarity of the words gorilla and guerilla.

After taking degrees in history from Buffalo State College (B.A., 1990) and the University of Buffalo (M.A., 1994; Ph.D., 1997), I began teaching a variety of courses in business, economics, evolutionary psychology, finance, history, and sociology at Temple University, the University of Virginia, sundry liberal arts colleges, New York University’s Stern School of Business, and, since 2009, Augustana College (the one in South Dakota, not the one in Illinois), where I am additionally the director of the Thomas Willing Institute for the Study of Financial Markets, Institutions, and Regulations. I’ve also been an active researcher, editing, authoring, and coauthoring books about the development of the U.S. financial system (Origins of Commercial Banking, Hamilton Unbound, Wealth of Nations Rediscovered, The First Wall Street, Financial Founding Fathers, One Nation Under Debt), construction economics (Broken Buildings, Busted Budgets), life insurance (Mutually Beneficial), publishing (Knowledge for Generations), bailouts (Bailouts), public policy (Fubarnomics), and investments (The Wall Street Journal Guide to the 50 Economics Indicators That Really Matter). Due to my unique historical perspective on public policies and the financial system, I’ve also become something of a media maven, showing up on NPR and other talk radio stations, as well as various television programs, and getting quoted in major newspapers like the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Chicago Tribune, and the Los Angeles Times. I publish op-eds and make regular public speaking appearances nationally and, increasingly, internationally. I am also active in the Museum of American Finance and sit on the editorial board of its magazine, Financial History.

I wrote this textbook because I strongly believe in the merits of financial literacy for all. Our financial system struggles sometimes in part because so many people remain feckless financially. My hope is that people who read this book carefully, dutifully complete the exercises, and attend class regularly will be able to follow the financial news and even critique it when necessary. I also hope they will make informed choices in their own financial lives."

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Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams: A Complete Guide

Descriptive Writing

Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams : In almost every banking related exam, the mains exam consist of descriptive writing. Descriptive Writing which comprises – one Letter Writing and one Essay Writing which makes a total of 25 marks in most of the exams such as NABARD, RBI, IBPS PO, SBI PO etc.  The marks that you get in the descriptive writing section are added to the Mains objective paper marks to calculate the overall mains cut-off marks .  So, it is very important to have a good idea about Descriptive writing.

In this blog, Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams we will provide you with some of the important topics, types, and formats for Letter writing. Do remember that in the exam, you will have to type the Essay and Letter using the computer keyboard. So it is advisable to practice them online.

Get FREE AI Analysis of Your Mock Test Here!  

Descriptive English For Bank Exams – Types of Letter Writing

There are mainly two types of letters asked in exams:

FORMAL LETTER

INFORMAL LETTER

• Written in official and non-personal capacity.
• Written to authorities, dignitaries, bureaucratic bodies, news editors, bank managers, etc
• Personal Letter
• Written to personal contacts, family, friends, relatives, siblings, etc

How to Write a Letter in English – A Guide | Oliveboard

Attempt IBPS PO Mains Mock Test  

Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams – Topics For Letter Writing

Below are some important and latest topics that you can practice writing upon for your different Bank Exam descriptive writing part.

Formal Letter Topics-

• Write a letter to the branch manager of your bank to conduct a campaign in your area to create awareness about the benefits of KYC.
• Write a letter to the Superintendent of Police of your district suggesting steps to make the police department more approachable.
• Write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper detailing the losses suffered by local retailers during online sales during festivals.
• Write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper about the stray animal problem getting out of hand in your locality.
• Complaint letter about hassle faced by common people due to demonetization.
• Complaint letter about increasing noise pollution.
• Complaint letter concerning the chaotic state of traffic.
• Letter to Bank Manager to reissue your ATM Card.
• Letter expressing your views on corruption in this country.
• Request letter for greater frequency of Public Transport (Bus Service) in your area.

Informal letters topics-

• Letter to your younger sibling, stating the importance of a healthy diet and the reasons for avoiding junk food.
•   Write a letter to your younger sibling, who has recently started working, to not take too much stress at work.
• Write a letter to your younger sibling about the recent changes in traffic rules and fines, advising him/her to be cautious
• Letter to your favorite novelist about his/her recent novel.
• Letter to your sister congratulating her on her promotion.
• Letter to your friend who is depressed.
• Letter to your parents advising them to invest in mutual funds.
• Letter to invite your friend to your brother’s wedding.
• Letter to convince your friend to take better care of her health .

Prepare these topics or any similar topic that attracts your attention and you will be good to go. 

Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams – Common Tips On Letter Writing

• Word limit – 150 words.
• Correct format and salutation (different for both).
• Take care of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and indentation.
• Every part carries equal weightage.
• 3 paragraphs – an introductory paragraph, a body, and a concluding paragraph.
• Try not to go beyond a single paragraph for the body.
• A letter must never be written in points.
• Use simple and straightforward sentences.
• The letter should have a flow, clearly mentioning the purpose of writing.
• Do not use jargon, slang, or abbreviations.

Attempt Mains Mock Tests Here

Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams – Formal Letter Format

• Use a comma after every line of address.
• Salutation should be “Dear Ma’am/ Sir”.
• Subject can be placed AFTER or BEFORE salutation.
• Addresses of both sender and receiver must be mentioned in a formal letter.
• Sender address> Receiver address > Salutation.
• The introduction must mention the issue.
• The body should describe the issue.
• The conclusion must quote the steps that can be taken/ expectations/ timelines, etc.
• The statements must be very direct and written in a formal command and sentence structure. Use active voice preferably.

Practice Letter writing Here

Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams – Informal Letter Format 

• Address of only the sender should be mentioned in an informal letter.
• Use comma after every line of address.
• Salutation should be “Dear name of the friend/ family”.
• The introduction should have greetings and mention the reason for writing the letter.
• The body should give descriptions of the same.
• The conclusions must end with well wishes, etc.
• Be polite and do not form long sentences and be extra careful of the word limit.

Tips for letter writing:

• Candidates must be able to identify the type of letter they will write. Eg, writing a letter to the Principal asking for leave is a formal letter, but writing a letter to the Principal to catch up after a long time would be an informal letter.
• In formal letters, clearing the purpose of the letter immediately is very important.
• Polite words and civil language should be used while writing a letter.
• The letter should be precise and to the point.
• The opening and closing format should be correct. re 

Complete Descriptive Writing Guide Here

You can also download the E-book for descriptive writing.

Sneak-Peek into the E-Book – Descriptive Writing

How are letters and essays evaluated?

Although there is no set criteria according to which the descriptive section paper is evaluated, there are some common things that are examined by the evaluator. For most banking exams, the descriptive section is evaluated manually.

Content:  The examiner would see whether aspects of the topic have been addressed in the essay and if provided details, examples and explanations are appropriately supporting the candidate’s point of view.

Descriptive writing Guide is Here! Read More

Formal Requirement:  As the paper is descriptive in nature there are certain requirements that must be fulfilled by the answers. For letters, the format must be strictly adhered to. Although extra marks might not be awarded for the format/ structure, an absence of it might cause a reduction in your marks. For letter writing, stick to the prescribed formats of formal and informal letters. For essays, make sure the word limit (if any) is not exceeded. Also, make sure that the essay is in paragraph form.

Development, Structure and Coherence:  How well the topic has been understood and explained is the main criteria for evaluating any piece of descriptive writing. The examiner sees whether there are any examples given, what is the range of thoughts/ ideas presented and how logically they are penned down. The following might be the few things an examiner is looking for in your piece of writing:-

• Does each paragraph contain just one idea or concept?
• Does the evidence support the writer’s argument?
• Does this paper have a beginning (introduction), a middle (body), and an end (conclusion)?

Grammar:  This is also a very important criterion. An essay may be logically presented, it may have a variety of ideas, but if the grammar is bad, it makes the entire essay ‘not so good’. Examiners don’t expect complex sentences. Just make sure you create correct and straightforward sentence structures and convey your thoughts effectively. 

• Does this paper have proper punctuation?
• Does the author provide complete sentences?
• Does this paper have consistent verb tense, voice, and third-person usage? (essays are generally written in the third person)

Vocabulary & Spelling:  Again we would like to clarify that a test taker is not expected to use “high – fi” English words. As long as you have the right word for an idea, that’s good. A simple example of this would be:

• If you want to say “very good”, say “excellent”.

Also, avoid spelling mistakes as they point to a careless attitude.

Here, we would like to mention one important thing: Time Management. Make sure you divide your time as per the weightage of the question. Since an essay has higher marks, allot more time to it.

Descriptive English Practice 04 – Letter-Writing Samples by Oliveboard Users

Refer to the expert guidance for Descriptive Writing in the below-given video.

How To Write an Essay and Important Topics For Essay Writing : Find Here

This is all from us in our blog for Descriptive Writing For Bank Exams. For more updates related to the Banking Exam, Please stay tuned to Oliveboard.

English Letter Writing Format: Tips and Tricks | Oliveboard

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Dikshant (DJ) is an engineer turned banker. He has cleared many competitive exams before his current placement. Being an officer in the bank, DJ is super busy but makes sure that he always finds time for writing informative & exam-oriented content to help students in cracking competitive exams such as SBI, IBPS, SSC, JAIIB/ CAIIB and many more.

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Descriptive Writing Book by BankersAdda PDF

The descriptive writing paper is an important part of competitive exams such as SSC, IBPS PO, SBI PO, IB ACIO, RBI Grade B, NABARD, etc.

Descriptive English book pdf is helping candidates to understand the basic concepts of writing a descriptive essay in a better way. Bankersadda’s writing book provides a number of modern essays which are asked in the government exams.

Book Features

Book content, descriptive writing by adda247.

This English Essay book pdf gives detailed knowledge on how to write an essay, letter, and precis with example topics. There are also exercises to help you to what you learned through questions that test your knowledge.

• Contains more than Ninety solved examples for essays, letters, and precis.
• This book includes an essay letter with various tutorials on the latest topics in the industry. It also teaches you about previous year’s banking exams.
• Covers the latest topics such as current events, environmental issues, social trends.
• Chapters in this book are arranged in a logical order which will help you to learn the basics of each subject and then move on to more difficult topics.
• It gives a comprehensive overview of the best practices followed by the top-notch schools around the world, as well as a list of resources for cutting-edge teaching methods and techniques.

CHAPTER – 1 LETTER WRITING

• What is a Formal Letter?
• What is an informal letter?
• Formal Letter Writing
• Letter to Editor
• Complaint Letter
• Grievance Redressal Letter
• Formal Invitation
• Letter to Manager for Account Transfer
• Inquiry Letter
• Formal Request Letter
• Informal Letter Writing
• Personal Letter/ Expression of Concern
• Condolence Letter
• Informal Invitation
• Letter of Congratulations
• Thank You Letter/ Gratitude Expression
• Informal Request
• Practice Exercise

CHAPTER – 2 ESSAY WRITING

• USEFUL WRITING AIDS
• Finishing Touches
• Essay Writing Example
• WannaCry Ransomware Attack
• Naxalism in India
• Farmers‘ Suicide in India
• Sexual Harassment
• Demonetisation
• Caste Based Reservation in India
• Corruption in India
• Global Warming
• Globalization
• Climate Catastrophe
• ISRO Attained New Heights
• Electronic Voting Machines
• Social Media
• Impact of Technology in Banking Sector
• Baahubali brings uprising of Tollywood
• Intolerance
• Indo-Pak Relations
• The Rise and Fall of AAP
• Important Points on some Expected Essay Writing Topics
• Employee Retention
• FDI in India
• The merger of Banks in India
• Insurance Penetration
• Financial Inclusion in India
• Expected Essay Writing Topics Based on Current Affairs

CHAPTER -3 PRECIS WRITING

• WRITING PROCESS
• Passage on schism
• Précis Writing Examples
• Passage on rivers
• Passage on Black Money

Download Descriptive Writing Book by Bankersadda PDF

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• Banking study material

Descriptive Writing Book for Bank Exams (English Printed Edition)

This Course Includes

To help you practice Descriptive Writing and prepare trending topics asked in competitive exams,  Adda247 brings to you a new edition (Printed Version) of Descriptive Writing Book for SSC CGL, SBI PO, IBPS PO, RBI Grade-B and other Competitive Examinations. 

Click here to Check the Index

Silent Feature of Descriptive Writing Book by Adda247  

• 125+ Solved Examples of Essays, Letters, & Precis.
• Informal & Formal Letters: Complete Step by Step Format with Examples.
• Essays on Current Affairs, Social and Environmental Causes, Trending and the Most Expected Topics.
• Practice Exercise for Essay, Letter & Precis Writing.
• Solution to  Previous Year's Questions asked in SBI, IBPS & other exams.

Useful for SBI,I BPS, RBI Grade-B, NABARD Grade -A & Other Exams   

E-Book Validity: 12 Months

We do not provide the refund for any product once the order is confirmed.   Click here for Cancellation and Refund Policy

MPN: BK-E-BK-1041 ISBN : 9789388964166

*Delivery charges indulge in MRP. **Book will be delivered within 8-10 working days, after placing an order.

***Book will be delivered within 8 - 10 working days, after placing an order.

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Bank Exam Books PDF Free Download 2020 | SBI, IBPS, PO/ Clerk & RBI

Bank Exam Books PDF Free Download 2020 | SBI, IBPS, RBI   Dear Vibrant Followers, We Exampundit are happy to here to provide the best Bank exam books pdf for your future exams. We always know the fact that the quality of exam preparation is based on the standard of the books that you are chosen for the preparation. So, aspirants, those who want to clinch success in very few attempts in bank exams must have to select bank exam books pdf or bank exam material pdf. To provide the best bank exam books pdf free download our exampundit technical team has put their tireless effort to prepare high standard bank exam paper with solution pdf. Our bank exam study material with answers pdf is always based on the new pattern and syllabus of the respective exams.

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• For that, we enable feedback and suggestions forms regularly to collect our follower’s requests.
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Now we give the section-wise bank exam books pdf free download with some important about the section.

Bank Exam Books PDF for Reasoning Questions 2020:

Usually many of our use the reasoning questions as the trump card for boosting up their scores. The reason is once we get the concept and logic of the questions than finding the correct answer is quite easy. So more or less all the banking aspirants are eagerly want to work out with reasoning questions and answers pdf and mock test papers. Commonly 35 reasoning questions are in bank prelims exams and 40 to 50 reasoning questions in Bank mains exams. So from these numbers of questions, we can easily score 60% of marks. For that candidates must have to prepare on reasoning questions to score gear up their scores. Here we have provided reasoning questions for bank exam preparation.

Reasoning Topic-wise Book PDFs

Bank exam books pdf for quantitative aptitude questions 2020:.

As reasoning, Quantitative aptitude also holds that much important because the Quants section also has 35 questions for prelims and 40 to 50 questions for the mains exam. But the fact is that some formulas and tricky concepts have to be used to find an accurate answer. So aspirants can allow some more time for quantitative aptitude section preparation. For easy preparation, we have provided practice questions for all sub-topics in the quantitative aptitude. So aspirants can utilize banking academy materials pdf free download for the quantitative section.

Quantitative Aptitude Topic-wise Book PDFs

English language questions 2020 for bank exam preparation:.

In this part, we have given bank exam preparation books pdf for the English language section. English Language section having a minimum of 35 questions in both bank prelims and mains exams. Many aspirants thought like English language questions are more time consuming and hard to find an accurate answer. But the fact is we have to choose the correct questions to attempt which you can able to answer quickly and accurately. Better leave the questions in which you don’t have the confidence because negative marks play a crucial role especially in the English language. Better just avoid while guess, go with well know questions only. Here we have provided Practice mock test and English grammar capsule for bank exams.

English Language Topic-wise Book PDFs

Banking awareness and computer awareness:.

Both banking and computer awareness plays a very crucial role in bank mains exams. So, aspirants, those who are preparing for Mains exams can utilize the bank exam books pdf free download for banking awareness and computer awareness. To get a high score in mains exams candidates can target this banking awareness and computer awareness questions.

Static GK, and Current Affairs:

As we all know these topics are important for all competitive exams not only for bank exams. So candidates can download general awareness, Static GK and current affairs pdf for their respective exam preparation. Many aspirants are avoiding these questions in the bank mains exam due to lack of preparation. So candidates make sure to prepare on these topics to cross your cutoff and also overtake other marks to get selected for the final merit list.

We hope on a single webpage, we covered all the important topics for bank exams. So candidates those who are want to get IBPS clerk study material free download pdf, SBI bank exam books pdf download, bank clerk exam books free download pdf, and other bank exam books pdf can just use this page to get all sort of practice questions books, and other study material book pdf download. Surely our bank exam books pdf will satisfy your expectation and also helpful to score high marks in the examinations.

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The Oxford Handbook of Banking

Allen N. Berger is the H. Montague Osteen, Jr., Professor in Banking and Finance and Ph.D coordinator of the Finance Department, Darla Moore School of Business; Carolina Distinguished Professor, University of South Carolina; Senior Fellow, Wharton Financial Institutions Center; and Fellow, European Banking Center. He also currently serves on the editorial boards of seven professional finance and economics journals. He is co-author of Bank Liquidity Creation and Financial Crises (2016, Elsevier) and is currently co-authoring TARP and other Bank Bailouts and Bail-Ins around the World: Connecting Wall Street, Main Street, and the Financial System (2019, Elsevier). He has published well over 100 professional articles including papers in top finance journals. His research has been cited over 70,000 times according to Google Scholar, and he has given invited keynote addresses on five continents. He was Senior Economist from 1989 to 2008 and Economist from 1982–9 at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. He received a Ph.D in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1983, and a B.A. in Economics from Northwestern University in 1976.

Philip Molyneux is Dean of the College of Business Administration at the University of Sharjah (in the UAE). His main area of research is on the structure and efficiency of banking markets and he has published widely in this area. Recent publications appear in the Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Journal of Banking & Finance and the Review of Finance. He has co-written/edited over thirty-five books and is also the series editor of the Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions—with over 135 books in the series to date. In the past, Philip has acted as a consultant to the New York Federal Reserve Bank, World Bank, European Commission, UK Treasury, Citibank Private Bank, Barclays Wealth, McKinsey, Credit Suisse and various other international banks and consulting firms.

John O. S. Wilson is Professor of Banking and Finance and Director of the Centre for Responsible Banking & Finance based at the University of St Andrews. He is also a Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Chartered Association of Business Schools Academic Journal Guide. Previously, he was Treasurer and General Secretary of the British Accounting and Finance Association during the period 2009–11, and the founding Chair of the British Accounting and Finance Association Financial Markets and Institutions Special Interest Group over the period 2007–18. He has guest edited special issues for Journal of Corporate Finance, Journal of Banking & Finance, Journal of Economic Behaviour & Organization, European Journal of Finance, Public Money & Management, British Accounting Review and Managerial Finance. In the period June 2011 to April 2012, John served as a full member of a Commission on Credit Unions established by the Irish Government. The Commission delivered interim and final reports to the Minister for Finance in September 2011 and April 2012 respectively. In 2018, John delivered evidence on the impact of Brexit on UK small and medium-sized enterprises to the House of Lords EU Internal Markets Committee.

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The Oxford Handbook of Banking provides an overview and analysis of research in banking. The book aims to strike a balance between abstract theory, empirical analysis, and practitioner and policy-related material and is split into five parts. Part I, The Theory of Banking, examines the role of banks in the wider financial system, why banks exist, how they function, and their legal and governance structures. Part II, Regulatory and Policy Perspectives, discusses monetary policy, prudential regulation and supervision, and antitrust policy. Part III deals with bank performance. A number of issues are assessed including efficiency, financial innovation and technological change, globalization and ability to deliver small business, consumer, and mortgage lending services. Part IV provides an overview of macroeconomic perspectives in banking. This part of the book includes a discussion of the determinants of bank failures and crises, and the impact on financial stability, institutional development, and economic growth. Part V, International Differences in Banking Structures and Environments, examines banking systems in the United States, Western Europe, Transition countries, Latin America, Japan, and the Developing Nations of Asia.

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FOCUS WRITING FOR BANK WRITTEN EXAMS

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Ethics in Banking

The Role of Moral Values and Judgements in Finance

• © 2015

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Part of the book series: Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions (SBFI)

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Table of contents (8 chapters)

Front matter, approaching banking from a philosophical perspective, global credit crisis, views of banking ethics, the idea of ethics in banking: self-conceptions and critique, ethical understanding in the banking sector, self-governance and state regulation, preliminary conclusions, harsh realities and critique of banking ethics, the sub-prime crisis: an ethical failure, impact of securitization, conclusions, back matter.

• sub-prime crisis
• global financial crisis
• banking crisis
• business ethics
• corporate finance
• deregulation
• risk management
• investments and securities

About this book

About the author, bibliographic information.

Book Title : Ethics in Banking

Book Subtitle : The Role of Moral Values and Judgements in Finance

Authors : Jes Villa

Series Title : Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137340283

Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan London

eBook Packages : Palgrave Economics & Finance Collection , Economics and Finance (R0)

Copyright Information : Jes Villa 2015

Hardcover ISBN : 978-1-137-34340-6 Published: 17 September 2015

eBook ISBN : 978-1-137-34028-3 Published: 22 September 2015

Series ISSN : 2523-336X

Series E-ISSN : 2523-3378

Edition Number : 1

Number of Pages : XI, 212

Topics : Banking , Investments and Securities , Business Ethics , Economics, general

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