how to write resume for computer skills

How to List Computer Skills on a Resume (Computer Skill Examples)

This article breaks down how to list computer skills in a resume using real resume examples. For other professional skills, check out this  article on how to include 50+ examples of skills on a resume . 

In today’s information and technology age, it’s no surprise that job seekers with strong computer skills land far more jobs than those who don’t. From laptops to POS systems and from RFID scanners to mobile phones, almost every job today requires you to work hand-and-hand with technology.

To make sure you have the computer skills on your resume that hiring managers are looking for, this guide will walk you through how to add the right computer skills, plus 50+ computer skill examples.

This resume writing article will cover:

• What Are Computer Skills? And Why Are Computer Skills Important?
• Types of Computer Skills
• Levels of Computer Skill Proficiency
• Where and How to Incorporate Computer Skills On Your Resume
• Top 50+ Computer Skills Hiring Managers Look for On Resumes
• The Fastest Ways to Acquire New Computer Skills

What Are Computer Skills? Why Are Computer Skills Important?

Computer skills are the ability to utilize computers and technology efficiently.

With the rise of technology, the computer skills you have can set you apart when applying for a new job. When you think about it, there are seldom positions that remain free from technology. Even trades that traditionally didn’t require computers, like farming, landscaping, and handymen, now use technology for marketing, accounting, and reservations.

Every professional position requires the use of certain technology, ranging from hardware to computer applications. Likewise, every professional has a unique set of computer skills with varying levels of proficiency. Finding the perfect fit between what’s needed and what someone has is the sole mission of a hiring managers when looking for a new employee. If the hiring manager is able to find someone that has all of the computer skills necessary, they won’t need to spend so much time and money on training, which means they will get a quicker return on their hiring investment.

But how can hiring managers tell if you have the computer skills needed for their role?

First and foremost, hiring managers will look at your resume. Typically, hiring managers spend no more than 6 seconds reviewing a resume and during that time they are looking to see if the computer skills needed jump out.

As a job seeker, it is your responsibility to know what computer skills are necessary for each role. It is also your responsibility to put those computer skills on your resume in a way that stands out.

Types of Computer Skills (Resume Examples)

Computer skills can be broken down into categories and levels of proficiency. Before we discuss how to incorporate computer skills on your resume, let’s discover the basic computer skills categories and assess your level of proficiency.

Skill Categories

Computer skills can be broken down into 13 main categories.

Typing – The process of writing or inputting text, typically using a keyboard

Mouse – Navigating a two-dimensional surface with a pointer, using a standalone mouse, touchpad, or touchscreen

Internet – Using the internet to browse and research

Email – Using text to correspond with other users through the internet using an email application or browser

Hardware – The physical elements of technology, including keyboards, cases, cables, screens, and touchpads

Operating Systems – The critical, low-level software that supports all other applications

Word Processing – Using a text editing application, such as Notepad or Word, to write and modify text

Presentations – Creating engaging, visual presentations using applications like Prezi and PowerPoint

Graphics – Creating and manipulating visual elements

Multimedia – Using sound, images, and video to create multi-faceted elements

Spreadsheets – Using applications, such as Excel, to input, edit, calculate, and manipulate numbers and data

Databases – Storing numbers and data in a central location

Programming – Using programming languages to write, edit, and manipulate software applications

Levels of Proficiency

There are many assessments used in the job market to assess a candidate’s level of computer skill proficiency. One of the most widely used is the International Competitions and Assessments for Schools, also knows as ICAS. The ICAS Digital Technologies assessment assesses skills and knowledge in the above technology categories and then grades your level of proficiency using a letter rating between A and H.

The rating system most hiring managers are familiar with though is simply rating your computer skills as either fundamental, basic, intermediate, or advanced. We will go through each of these categories and will give examples of your expected knowledge for each.

Fundamental Computer Skills

Fundamental computer skills include typing and using a mouse. Possessing fundamental computer skills mean you have no to little computer experience or training. At a fundamental level of computer proficiency, you should be able to:

• Identify the basic components of a computer (keyboard, mouse, screen, etc.)
• Understand menu bars
• Create, save and delete documents
• Operate the print function
• Recognize icons (sound, internet, video, etc.)

Basic Computer Skills

One level up from fundamental proficiency is basic computer skills. Possessing basic computer skills requires a small amount of computer experience, including a basic understanding of email, word processing, graphics, and spreadsheets. At a basic level of computer proficiency, you should be able to:

• Write, modify, and edit text using a word processing application
• Create and format simple spreadsheets
• Create basic presentations
• Know how to forward and cc emails
• Understand how to search, assess search results, and download information from the internet

Intermediate Computer Skills

Intermediate computer skills build upon the basic level of proficiency. Intermediate computer skills require a moderate amount of previous computer experience, including a moderate understanding of operating systems, word processing, graphics, spreadsheets, and databases. At an intermediate level of computer proficiency, you should be able to:

• Understand operating systems
• Understand how to use flash drives and memory cards
• Know how to insert hyperlinks and tables on word processing applications
• Understand how to insert links and videos into presentations
• Know how to use CD, DVD, and mp3 players
• Modify your signature, recognize and sort spam, and recognize file formats when using email
• Conduct complex sorting, applying filters, and using different views on spreadsheets and databases

Advanced Computer Skills

The final level of proficiency is advanced computer skills. At this stage, you will be able to use word processing, email, the internet, and spreadsheets to their fullest capacity. You will also start to understand basic software development and programming principles. At an advanced level of computer proficiency, you should be able to:

• Understand computer hardware and software components
• Execute complex operations, formatting, and tables in word processing applications
• Integrate multimedia elements into presentations
• Create distribution lists and complete advanced file transfers using email
• Create ‘if’ statements, create complex graphs/charts, and use complex functions like macros and VLOOKUP in spreadsheets
• Have a fundamental understanding of programming principles and concepts

Where and How To Include Computer Skills On Your Resume

Your computer skills must be incorporated throughout your entire resume, rather than being stuck in one area. When hiring managers review a resume, they scan over each section, from top to bottom, which is why it is important to include your computer skills in these 3 main areas: The professional summary, the key skills, and the experience sections.

If writing your resume from scratch, we suggest using this free and easy-to-use resume builder . When using a resume template, all sections and formatting is done for you, all you need to do is fill in rich, engaging content.  

Professional Summary Section

At the top of your resume, below the header and contact information, comes a professional summary section. This section could be titled ‘Professional Summary’ or ‘Summary’ but avoid calling it an ‘Objective’. An objective statement is an old-school resume writing approach and is seldom used in today’s job market.

Your professional summary section will be 1-3 sentences in length. This should include your title, years of experience, and the top skills that set you apart.

If using the resume builder , the ‘True Red’, ‘Doppio’, and ‘Large; resume templates have professional summary sections that are sure to stand out.

Professional summary resume example: 

Summary of Skills Section

Following your professional summary comes a ‘summary of skills’ section. Alternative titles for this section could be ‘technical skills’, ‘key skills’, or ‘core competencies’.

Your skills section should be written in list form. Depending on the amount of skills you want to include, you can either list them out separately or arrange them into categories. A good rule of thumb is 10 skills or less should be separate, while more than 10 skills should be categorized.

Summary of skills resume example: 

Experience Section

After your summary of skills comes an experience section. Alternative titles for this section include ‘professional experience’, ‘work experience’, and ‘relevant experience’.

The experience section should be written listing your most recent employer first. For each professional position, include the company name, your title, the dates of employment, and 3-5 bullet points detailing your daily responsibilities.

When writing your responsibilities, sprinkle as many computer skills in as you can. This will validate the computer skills you have listed in your skills section by explaining how and where you used each of them.  

Experience section resume example: 

What Computer Skills Should You Include on Your Resume?

There are three easy-to-follow steps to figure out what computer skills you should include on your resume. The computer skills you include depend on both your background and the types of positions you are applying to.

Step #1: Create a master list of your computer skills

Go through each category and create a master list of each and every computer skill you have in your toolbox. When creating your master list, write every skill, no matter how obvious it may seem. Although some computer skills might seem obvious given your profession, many hiring managers still want to see these skills listed.

The important thing is to never write a computer skill that you aren’t comfortable with. If you include it, hiring managers will expect you can deliver. If you are ever worried about a hiring manager over or underestimating your level of proficiency, add ‘fundamental’, ‘basic’, ‘intermediate’, or ‘advanced’ in parentheses next to the skill listed.

Job post example (with highlighted skills):

Step #2: Figure out the computer skills required for the job

When applying for a new position, you must first identify the computer skills needed. To figure this out, go through each job description and highlight each thing that relates to a technology, software, or application.

Then create a list with the computer skills described, making sure to write each skill using the same wording that is used in the job description.

Step #3: Match your master list with the computer skills required for each position

The computer skills you include on your resume should be the items that overlap between your master list and the list of computer skills needed.

A general rule of thumb is to never include skills that aren’t relevant to the job you are applying for. For example, if you are applying for a landscaping position, there is no need to include that you know computer programming.

50+ Computer Skills Hiring Managers Want In Resumes

To make sure your resume has the computer skills hiring managers look for, go through this list to check out the top computer skills needed for each type of category and position.

Graphic Design & Word Processing

Spreadsheets & Databases

How To Learn New Computer Skills

Are you worried about not having the computer skills needed for a position? If so, there are plenty of tools to help you get up to speed quickly.

The first option is to enroll in a course at a local school or library. For beginners, many public libraries teach basic computer skills, so ask your neighborhood branch when the next lesson is. If you are more advanced, consider enrolling in a technology certification course at a local community college. They are cheaper and require less time than a full-out degree program.

The second option is to use an online platform. There are so many free and cheap computer skills courses available, ranging from YouTube videos to eLearning platforms like Lynda, Udemy, and Skillshare. But of course, you will need to have mastered fundamental computer proficiency, like internet browsing and typing, before you can get there.

More Skill-Related Articles For Resume Writing:

• How to List Skills on a Resume (50+ Resume Skill Examples)
• How To List Hard Skills On A Resume (50+ Hard Skill Examples)

How to List Computer Skills on a Resume [Full List & Examples]

Nowadays, computer skills are more important than ever. 

With the increasing use of technology in the workplace, there are practically no jobs that don’t require at least some degree of computer literacy, be it typing fast, knowing how to use Google Docs, or knowing how to code. 

In a nutshell, in today’s job market strong computer skills can increase your productivity, improve your employability, and help you advance in your career more easily.  

But do you know which computer skills are exactly the right ones to include in your resume and what can you do to make them stand out?

Well, this is exactly what this article is here to show you! Read on to learn:

• 14 Computer Skills for Your Resume

3 Steps to Add Computer Skills to Your Resume

23+ courses to improve your computer skills.

Let’s dive in. 

14 Computer Skills For Your Resume

Computer skills are a set of transferable skills that refer to the ability to use computers and all related technology. They consist of hardware skills and software skills .  

Knowing your way around hardware starts from simple things like turning machines on and off to more complicated stuff like connecting them with networks and changing parts. Software skills, on the other hand, involve knowing how to use computer programs and applications. 

Although there are several levels to computer skills, they are typically divided into: 

• Basic computer skills. Such as using word processing software, creating spreadsheets, using printers and other work-related equipment, or looking up information online.
• Advanced computer skills. This includes using complex Excel formulas, coding, managing a database, etc.

Now that we covered the basics, here is a detailed breakdown of the most in-demand computer skills that you can add to your resume in 2022:

#1. MS Office

Microsoft Office is Microsoft’s most popular “family of client software and services.” 

As such, there are over 1.2 billion users of MS Office products and more than 60 million businesses have subscriptions to Office 365, which includes: 

#2. Google Drive 

Google Drive is a popular file-storage service that has grown exponentially in the past ten years. Specifically, 40,220 companies worldwide are using Google Drive , most often in the US and in the Information Technology and Services industries. 

On top of being a file storage service, Google Drive allows its users to synchronize and share their files across multiple devices. Google Drive encompasses: 

• Google Docs
• Google Sheets
• Google Slides
• Google Forms

#3. Collaboration and Communication Software

Companies and businesses use collaboration tools to communicate effectively online. 

Some communication tools are essential for every company (e.g. e-mailing, Skype, etc.), while others come particularly handy for remote companies that need more dedicated software to manage teams in different locations.

Here are some popular communication and collaboration tools you can add to your resume:

• Microsoft Teams
• Google Hangouts
• Lifesize Video Conferencing

#4. Social Media

With companies using social media to increase their online presence and market their products/services more and more, social media skills have become important for workers in many industries. 

Specifically, as of June 2022, about 88% of marketers will hire at least one more team member in a social media role in the next two years. This alone makes social media skills essential computer skills to have on your resume. 

Some of the most popular platforms to master are: 

If you’re going to add social media skills to your resume, don’t just mention the platforms you know how to use.

Instead, talk exactly about what you know how to do with these platforms. E.g. running Facebook Ads, managing the company's Instagram profile, etc.

#5. Presentation Software

When it comes to computer skills, knowing how to use presentation software can help you organize and present information effectively and efficiently. As such, they come in particularly handy for “crowd-facing” positions, such as professor, spokesperson, motivational speaker, project manager , etc. 

Some popular presentation software includes: 

• OpenOffice Impress

#6. Graphic Design Skills

Graphic design skills are not only for dedicated graphic design roles - they’re useful for jobs in marketing, advertising, social media management, and others.

The most common graphic design tools and software include: 

• Adobe Suite (Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, etc.)
• Gravit Designer

#7. Hardware Skills

As we already mentioned, hardware skills refer to being able to physically operate a computer and other related devices. 

There are numerous hardware skills out there (depending on your field), but some of the most common ones are:

• Network configuration and security
• System Administration
• Technical support and troubleshooting
• Cloud management
• Hardware Development, Analysis, and Testing
• Software installation
• Tech support

#8. Enterprise systems

Enterprise systems are software that provide solutions to an integrated business organization. 

Such systems integrate all the tools an organization is using into one, making everything easier to manage.

The three main types of enterprise systems that businesses use are: 

• Customer Relationship Management, with functionalities like analytics, contact center automation, marketing communication, and workflow automation.
• Enterprise Resource Planning, with functionalities such as accounting, human resources, inventory and order management, etc.
• Supply Chain Management, with functionalities such as procurement, product lifecycle management, and logistics, to mention a few.

#9. Spreadsheets

Spreadsheets are apps used for inputting and organizing data into tables, quick numbers calculations, and even complex data analysis. 

While some employers may require a very basic knowledge of such apps, more technical positions (i.e. accounting , retail management, bookkeeping , etc.) will likely require that you are well-versed in more advanced features. 

Some common spreadsheet apps used by companies in 2024 include: 

• Apple Numbers
• Zoho Sheets
• Libre Office

#10. Operation Systems

Operating Systems (OS) refers to the software that each computer uses to work.

Different operating systems manage software differently and sometimes work only with specific hardware. For example, Apple devices run on iOS or macOS, Microsoft devices run on Windows, Google devices run on Android, and Linux is used for various hardware devices. 

Mentioning you have OS skills in your resume means knowing how to use one (or more) of the following operating systems:

• Ubuntu Linux

Make sure to mention the exact operating system you know how to use on your resume, instead of writing something generic like “OS knowledge.” 

#11. Accounting Software

If you’re going for a position in finance or business, then accounting software knowledge is essential. 

Even if you’re applying for a job in a small-scale business, knowing how to use accounting software can surely give you an edge over your competition, considering they’re quite integral for a company’s success. 

Specifically, knowing how to use accounting software involves managing accounts, payments, expenses, cash flow, and other financial data. Some of the most popular accounting tools today are

• Oracle NetSuite

#12. Writing Skills  

As you’ve probably understood already, computer writing skills are about a lot more than knowing how to use MS Word or Google Docs. 

On the contrary, they entail a variety of skills that are related to writing, including how to use content management systems, how to write content that’s optimized for search engines, and even how fast you can type. 

These are some specific skills related to computers and writing: 

• Search Engine Optimization
• Technical Writing

#13. Database Management

A database management system (DBMS) is a computerized data-keeping system. In a nutshell, database management skills involve knowing how to use different data-keeping software, including creating, maintaining, and controlling access to the database. 

Some jobs where database management skills are essential are developer roles, data analysts , business or financial data analysts , data scientists , and the sorts. 

The most popular database management systems include: 

• Microsoft Access
• Apache Cassandra
• Oracle Database

#14. Coding Skills

Coding or programming skills are knowing how to use different programming languages to command an application/computer/software about what actions it must perform and how. 

It goes without saying that computer programmers, software engineers , and application developers need coding skills to land a job in their field. 

Coding skills, however, can also come in handy for other roles as well. For example, businesspeople and marketers can also take advantage of coding knowledge to communicate better with technical staff.

Some of the most popular coding skills in 2024 are:

Are you looking for computer skills that match YOUR specific position? Head over to our guide on resume examples & guides for over 80 professions. 

Your computer skills may fail to help you land a job if you don’t know how to add them to your resume in a compelling way.

And yes, there IS a right and wrong way to do this.

Below, we’ll walk you through the entire process of how to add your computer skills to your resume, step by step.

Before you read further, though, pick one of our resume templates and fill it in as you go!

#1. List Your Computer Skills Under Hard Skills

The first and most obvious place to list your computer skills is under your Skills section. 

This part is pretty straightforward - done right, your skills section should be divided into 

“ Soft Skills ” and “ Hard Skills ” and look something like this:

Keep in mind, though, that you shouldn’t include too many skills here.

Chances, you don’t need ALL the computer skills for the job you’re applying for. Not to mention, if you included too many, you’d be cluttering up your resume.

Here’s what you can do to make your skills section as relevant as possible: 

• Check the job description. The job description will show you exactly which computer skills are essential for the job - all you have to do is go through it attentively. For marketing managers, for example, it may require skills like SEO, Google analytics, and email marketing. 
• Identify your own skills. Single out the skills that you possess and are also relevant to the role. 
• Add them under your Skills section. Add technical computer skills under your resume’s hard skills or skills section if you’re not separating hard/soft skills. 

#2. Sprinkle Your Computer Skills In Your Resume Summary

Secondly, you should add your computer skills to your resume summary . 

The resume summary is a two or three-sentence paragraph that aims to describe your strong points as a candidate. It typically includes: 

• Your professional title and years of experience 
• One or two of your top skills
• Your most noteworthy accomplishments  

If you do it right, the resume summary will get the hiring manager to go through your resume and professional experience in more detail. 

Here is an example of an attention-grabbing resume summary:

So, for positions where computer skills are absolutely essential, it’s definitely helpful to mention your computer skills in the resume summary section. For example:

• Hard-working office assistant with 8 years of experience performing various administrative tasks to support an office's daily operations. Proven track record of maintaining records, generating reports, and multitasking in a fast-paced environment. Well-versed in Microsoft Office Suite, MS Office 365, and Google Drive. 

#3. Prove Your Computer Skills In Your Work Experience Section

Last but not least, you should also include your computer skills in the work experience section . 

Basically, this is where you can prove that you’ve got all the computer skills needed for the job.

Mentioning the computer skills in your skills section is one thing - giving examples of how you’ve used these skills in an office environment in the work experience section is something else entirely.

Here’s how you can list your computer skills in your work experience section the right way:

• Tailor your experience to the job description. When applying for jobs, you should always customize your work experience section to the company’s needs. Read the job ad and extract the most important skills they’re looking for. Then, in your work experience section, make sure to include experiences that prove that you DO possess such skills.
• Prioritize your achievements. When possible, aim to use achievements to describe your past experience instead of responsibilities. The hiring manager knows what your responsibilities were; they want to know how you excelled at the job and made an impact.
• Make your achievements quantifiable. As for how you should list your achievements, you should aim to make them as quantifiable as possible. Think about which one sounds better: “increased team productivity by 15% by using Trello and Google calendar to ease communication, synchronize tasks, and share materials” or “improved team productivity?”

And here’s an example that highlights and proves the candidate’s computer skills:

IT Specialist

02/2015 - 06/2019

• Ensured over 200 computers worked effectively by monitoring, configuring, and maintaining their hardware and software systems.
• Implemented innovative network configurations that improved networking capabilities by 17%. 
• Evaluated IT systems to ensure efficiency and data security, successfully avoiding any data breaches and leaks in four years. 
• Contributed to the successful delivery of large-scale projects, including all computer system upgrades and CRM system migration, within the right time frame.

Do you have some personal projects or certificates that can make your computer skills practically indisputable? Make sure to include them in dedicated sections titled Professional Certificates or Independent Projects. 

15 Ways to Describe Basic Computer Skills

Not sure how to best describe YOUR computer skills?

Worry not, we’re here to help!

Below, we’re going to give you 15 examples of computer skills listed effectively on a resume:

For collaboration and communication software: 

• Increased project team’s productivity by 16% by using Trello to organize materials, automate tasks, and ease communication. 
• Managed to never miss a deadline in two years by using Microsoft Teams to integrate team members, content, and tools in one place. 
• Created mail merges between MS Outlook and Word that reached over 30k customers/monthly.

For MS Office: 

• Used MS Word’s commenting feature to collaborate on deliverables with 15 team members and successfully managed to submit reports continuously before their deadlines. 
• Leveraged Excel pivot tables to categorize budget reports, which improved the company’s overall financial strategy and performance. 
• Saved approximately 4 work hours per week by using Outlook folders and tasks. This system was later adopted by the entire department. 

For Google Drive: 

• Used Google Docs to onboard new employees and keep track of existing ones’ performance and work hours, effectively improving team management and collaboration. 
• Saved trainees’ time looking for answers to customer questions by using Google Sheets to automate the company’s FAQ. 
• Raised company revenue by around 13% by using Google Sheets’ Tornado Charts for sensitivity analysis.

For Enterprise Systems: 

• Automated workflow using Zoho to increase productivity by 18%. 
• Improved business revenue by 24% by using Oracle ERP to automate back-office processes and daily business activities. 
• Leveraged SourceHUB to centralize the company’s data and streamline logistics processes, to improve communication and save time.

For Graphic Design 

• Used After Effects to make motion graphic animations for video productions with a client approval rate of over 90%. 
• Improved clients’ social media presence by rebranding their logo and website using InDesign. 
• Developed graphics and layouts for product illustrations and logos using Illustrator and After Effects, which increased user engagement by 8%.

Looking to further develop your computer skills?

Great idea!

Unlike soft skills, you don’t need years of work in an office to develop - all you need is the right training course!

Below, we compiled a list of the most useful computer skills courses we could find:

• Accounting software. You can become a certified QuickBooks user with this course or learn Xero accounting software with this one. Alternatively, you can follow a QuickBooks online essential training course .
• Communication tools. Microsoft offers free Outlook training for different Operating Systems to help you learn the ins and outs of emailing, while this course can help you master Asana. 
• Database management. Microsoft also offers free training for its own database management system, Access . If you go online, you should be able to find alternative courses for other systems. 
• Enterprise systems. Coursera offers a number of classes from top universities on enterprise systems . 
• Google Drive. This online training course on Google Drive can help you become a master of everything Google-related. 
• Graphic design. LinkedIn Learning offers a number of training courses in InDesign, Photoshop, and Illustrator - all you have to do is pick the one you want to learn and input it at the search bar at the top of the page. 
• Microsoft Office. As we already mentioned, MS Office is super popular, which means that there are plenty of useful tutorials out there, to begin with. If you don’t want to pay for a course, you can look up tutorials on YouTube on top of checking out Microsoft’s own training materials, and then receive official certification . 
• Presentation software. Master PowerPoint, one of the most beneficial presentation software, through this PowerPoint for Windows training. 
• Social media. Out of the many free social media courses out there, we’ve singled out this Social Media Management course and the fundamentals of digital marketing course by Google.
• Spreadsheets. Both Coursera and Udemy have several online courses to choose from that can help you become a pro in Excel or any spreadsheet program your company uses.

Computer Skills on a Resume Examples

Want to see what computer skills on a resume look like?

Well, look no further!

Below, we’ve listed five resume examples with a computer skills section:

#1. Office Assistant Resume Example

#2. Customer Service Representative Resume Example

#3. Computer Scientist Resume Example

#4.  AI Engineer Resume Example

#5. IT Resume Example

FAQs on Computer Skills 

Do you still have some questions about computer skills? We’ll answer them in the FAQ section:

#1. Why are computer skills important?

Computer skills are important because they can significantly improve your employability. 

In 2022, over 70% of US jobs require middle-to-high-level digital skills , making computer skills an essential asset for advancing your career.

Computer skills can help you stay productive at work, get more tasks done, manage a team better, as well as grow your career.

#2. What are the levels of computer skills proficiency?

Just like any other skill, computer literacy skills can be categorized into basic (which are foundational computer literacy skills), intermediate (computer literacy beyond the foundational level), and proficient (advanced computer skills).

#3. What are the most in-demand computer skills?

The most in-demand computer skills vary based on the industry . While the majority of industries require some basic computer skills (e.g. writing and editing documents, sending and receiving emails, using the Internet, or creating presentations), different industries require their employees to be well-versed in industry-specific software. 

If you’re a project manager, for example, then knowledge of team management skills is going to be essential. Software like Asana, Slack, Zapier, etc.

Generally speaking , though, the most in-demand computer skills include MS Office, Google Workspace, Adobe Creative Suite, and programming languages (e.g. Java, Python, C++).

#4. How do I describe my level of computer proficiency?

There are several ways you can describe your computer proficiency on your resume. One is to use descriptive words (e.g. beginner, intermediate, or advanced) next to each computer skill. 

Alternatively, you can show your proficiency in different computer skills through progress bars or star ratings (where one to two stars stand for beginner level, three stars for intermediate, and four to five stars for advanced or proficient).

Last but not least, you can list your certifications in a dedicated resume section to prove that you know how to use a particular software or program.

#5. Are computer skills hard skills?

Yes, computer skills are hard skills. That’s because they are objective, quantifiable skills that can be learned through training, online courses, education, work experience, etc. 

Key Takeaways

That’s about everything you need to know about computer skills for your resume! 

Before you start putting everything you learned into practice, let’s go over the main points we covered in this guide:

• Computer skills are a set of transferable skills that refer to the ability to use computers and all related technology. They consist of hardware skills and software skills.  
• Computer skills are commonly categorized into basic computer skills and advanced computer skills. 
• Some common computer skills in today’s job market include database management, enterprise systems, graphic design, coding and programming, presentation software, social media skills, MS Office, and hardware skills. 
• The best places to add computer skills to your resume are your skills section, your resume summary, and your work experience section. 
• To make your work experience section pop, make sure to focus on your achievements and make them as quantifiable as possible. 
• You can show your level of computer literacy on your resume by using descriptive words, progress bars, a star rating, or by listing your certifications for different software.

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20+ Key Computer Skills to List on Your Resume in 2024 (With Examples)

With the world becoming more digitally focused, having strong computer skills is more important than ever. In this guide, we will cover what computer skills are and which ones are best to include on your resume.

What are Computer Skills?

Computer skills refer to the abilities a person has to operate and use computers.

The possibilities of what computers can do are endless.

As a result, there is a wide range of different skills that can fall into this category.

When thinking about skills in general, they can fall into one of two categories:

• ‍ Hard Skills: Quantifiable skills that involve a person’s physical and mental abilities. ‍
• Soft Skills: More abstract skills that deal with social interactions and emotions.

Most computer skills fall into the hard skills category.

This is because computer skills are technical abilities that a person has to learn.

Whereas soft skills such as empathy may come naturally to a person, hard skills must be earned through training and education.

When and Why Should I Include Computer Skills on My Resume?     

Almost all jobs nowadays involve computers and digital services of some kind.

This has made employers’ demand for computer skills all the more prevalent.

This is especially true for jobs in the realm of administration and management!

In general, you should include computer skills on any resume used to apply for a job that uses technology.

If you are unsure whether the job you are applying for wants computer skills, look to the description of the job posting.

If the requirements call for specific computer skills, then be sure to add the ones that you have to your resume.

To learn more about all the best elements to include on a resume, read our guide on What to Put on a Resume in 2024(with Examples and Tips) !

Beautiful resume templates to land your dream job

‍ What Are the Best Computer Skills I Should Add to My Resume?

There are a few different categories of computer skills to consider adding to your resume:

• ‍ Specific Program Proficiencies: Most companies will expect you to be proficient in commonly used programs that allow collaboration and team sharing. Including these on your resume can increase your chances of impressing employers.
• ‍ Basic Computer Skills: The basic computer skills most employers expect are often beginner-friendly. This means you can easily learn about these skills and add them to your resume.
• ‍ Advanced Computers Skills: Advanced computer skills begin to deal with programming and back-end processes. These skills typically require education or training of some kind to become proficient.

Typically, applicants will include a combination of all three categories of skills.

For entry-level jobs or jobs involving only basic use of computers, advanced computer skills may not be necessary.

Let’s now examine the best program proficiencies, basic computer skills, and advanced computer skills to include on your resume.

5 Essential Programs for Computer Skills

• ‍ Microsoft Office: Office is Microsoft’s suite of productivity programs. They include apps such as Word, Excel, Powerpoint, and OneDrive. This set of programs is compatible with Windows operating systems.
• ‍ iWork: The Apple equivalent to Microsoft Office is iWork. It includes apps such as Pages, Numbers, Keynote, and iCloud. Naturally, this set of programs is compatible with Apple’s MacOS operating system
• ‍ Google Workspace: For a cloud-based set of productivity apps, Google Workspace is the way to go. This includes Google Drive, Docs, Sheets, Calendar, and Gmail. Google Workspace is advantageous because it can be accessed from anywhere at any time so long as there is working internet.
• ‍ Adobe Creative Cloud: Adobe programs are primarily used for design and development. Commonly used programs include Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, and Acrobat. If you are entering into a job that requires design, knowing these programs will be key.  
• ‍ Quickbooks: Accounting is a crucial component of any business. The most commonly used accounting software is Quickbooks. Earning a Quickbooks certification can give you a competitive edge, especially in administrative or accounting jobs.

8 Basic Computer Skills

• ‍ Typing: Typing refers to your ability to use a keyboard. A person’s type speed is often used to indicate their level of ability, with 70 words per minute and above preferred for writing professionals.  
• ‍ Spreadsheets: A crucial skill when working with data and computers is the ability to create spreadsheets. These spreadsheets should be intuitive and well-organized. As part of this skill, you should understand how to input data and use formulas.  
• ‍ Multi-Media: These days, documents, presentations, and more can be enhanced with videos and other media. Having a strong understanding of how to create and use multi-media on a computer is essential.
• ‍ Operating Systems: A computer will have significantly different navigational elements and shortcuts depending on the operating system used. There are two main operating systems to know – Apple’s MacOS and Microsoft’s Windows.
• ‍ Web Browsers: Like operating systems, the navigations and shortcuts can differ between web browsers. The main browsers are Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Internet Explorer. Each can also come with different apps and extensions to familiarize yourself with.
• ‍ Email Organization: Email has become a fundamental form of communication. There are many email skills to know including how to write and send emails, create folders, organize files, and share documents and threads.
• ‍ Graphics: Graphics have to do with the visual elements on a computer. Understanding how to arrange graphics to be effective is key when creating documents, ebooks, or other business-related materials.
• ‍ Social Media: Social media platforms have taken the world by storm. As a result, knowing how to use the platforms has been coupled with computer skills in what some call digital literacy .   Popular platforms include Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest, and TikTok.

8 Advanced Computer Skills

• ‍ Enterprise Applications: Enterprise applications are expansive software systems designed for use by large corporate or governmental entities. Common examples include Business Continuity Planning (BCP) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM).
• ‍ Hardware Management: Working with onsite computer equipment means having to manage a lot of hardware. Tasks within this skill can include system administration, installation, and configuration.
• ‍ Tech Maintenance: Along with managing hardware, working with large systems also requires a fair amount of maintenance. Repair, support, backup, and recovery are essential components of this skill.
• ‍ Programming Languages: Coding has become a highly valued skill by employers who work heavily with computers. There are many, many programming languages to learn to use. Popular examples include Python, Java, and Ruby.  
• ‍ Web Development: Coupled with coding and programming languages is web development. Web development uses coding for the specific purpose of building and maintaining websites. HTML, CSS, JavaScript are common programming languages used for this.
• ‍ Data Science: The closer you work with computers and digital services, the more data you will have to deal with. Understanding how to gather and interpret data is a sought-after skill. Data mining, modeling, and management are essential components of data science.
• ‍ Data Visualization: Data visualization is simply the ability to take data science and visual and understandable representations of the data. This can include charts and graphs. Companies seek this skill as it helps with presentations, asking for funding, and more.  
• ‍ Artificial Intelligence: AI has taken over the digital industry. Knowing how to work with and modify AI is a crucial skill to have moving forward into a more digital world.

For more ideas on other skills to include on a resume, check out our list of 100+ Key Skills for a Resume (with Examples for Any Job) .

‍ How Do I List My Computer Skills on a Resume?

There are two main formatting options for listing your computer skills on a resume:

• Including computer skills in your work experience section
• Creating a separate section for computer skills

Oftentimes, applicants will you a combination of these two methods.

Soft skills can be more beneficial to include in the work experience section so that you can provide greater detail.

Hard skills, comparatively, don’t always need much explanation and can be listed more plainly in a skills section.

1) Including Computer Skills in Your Work Experience Section

Work Experience Office Assistant, Gatlinburg Visitor Center November 2016 – December 2020 • Typing Speed: 85 words per minute • Certified in Microsoft Office • Can create Data Visualizations

Why It’s Wrong: In the work experience section, you want to highlight your greatest strengths and most quantifiable accomplishments.

Things such as typing speed and certifications can be left for the skills section.

As for the data visualization, more information and detail should be given.

Work Experience Office Assistant, Gatlinburg Visitor Center November 2016 – December 2020 • Typed daily morning briefings on upcoming events with entire office staff • Created operational expense spreadsheets that help reduce operational costs by 15 percent • Generated a monthly overview of visitor data and spending using charts, statistics, and graphics

In this corrected example, the original skills are still touched upon but in a much more direct way.

The skills are proven through evidence and examples.

2) Create a Separate Computer Skills Section

Computer Skills • Google Workspace • Programming Languages • Graphics

Why It’s Wrong: Though computer skills can be kept short and sweet, they should still provide a certain level of specificity.

In this example, the applicant has listed programming languages but not which specific ones they are proficient in.

They have also listed Google Workspace without indicating proficiency.

As for graphics, they provide no insight into what kinds of graphics.

Computer Skills • Google Workspace Certification • Python, HTML, Ruby • Informational Graphics (Adobe Creative Cloud)

In this corrected example, the applicant indicates they have earned a certification and lists specific programming languages they are proficient in.

Plus, they offer more specific information about their graphics abilities, including what programs they use.

Hint: Want to earn that Google Workspace certification? Check it out here !

For more help crafting your ideal resume, take a look at our guide on How to Write the Perfect Resume in 2024 (with Examples) .

Final Takeaways

Having a strong set of computer skills has become highly important to employers.

Here are our top 5 takeaways for including computer skills on a resume:

• Divide your skills into program proficiencies, basic skills, and advanced skills. Try to include some from all categories.
• Computer skills are hard skills. It is important to remember to include both hard and soft skills on your resume.
• Be specific in your language – for instance, state the specific programming languages you can use.
• When using computer skills in your work experience section, provide quantifiable evidence of that skill.
• If you lack many computer skills, seek out certification programs to enhance your skills.

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Ed is a co-founder of Easy Resume. His background in scaling teams at tech startups over the last decade has given him extensive experience and knowledge around how to hire top talent and build successful teams. He enjoys mentoring, coaching, and helping others reach their career goals. When he's not writing about career-related advice, he's playing with his dog, Lilo, or going on long hikes in upstate New York.

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Computer Skills You’ll Need in the Workplace—and How to Show Them Off on a Job Search

As technology becomes more and more ubiquitous, employers are increasingly looking to hire workers with computer skills—regardless of what job they’re being hired to do. No matter what industry or setting you work in, you likely need computer skills to complete your tasks —and find a job in the first place. (If you’re looking for roles to apply for, you can search for open jobs on The Muse .)

What Are Computer Skills?

Computer skills are the knowledge and abilities you need to complete tasks on a desktop, laptop, tablet, mobile phone, or any related device or equipment. They’re a subset of technical skills that are critical in today’s work world as we move toward a more digital-first society, says Muse career coach Barb Girson .

“There was a time when computer skills meant finding your way to the internet or sending and receiving an email,” Girson says, but now we use computer skills for a broad range of important tasks that used to be done by hand or on paper.

Of course, if you’re in IT or programming and you’re creating technology systems, you’ll certainly need computer skills. But they’re also required for accountants who will need to use accounting and payroll software and file taxes, for example. Almost any job in an office, healthcare, or school environment—as well as many other settings—now requires you to use a computer in some capacity. Even jobs traditionally thought of as “blue collar”—like warehouse or manufacturing-line work—now “require comfort with computers for timekeeping, HR, and other company communication,” says Muse career coach Anne M. Kelly .

There are two broad categories of computer skills:

• Hardware skills are the ability to operate computers and related equipment, whether that’s turning on your desktop, hooking it up to a network or printer, or replacing or repairing parts. Most jobs will require that you can operate a computer and can easily learn how to use other equipment. However, more advanced hardware skills like repairs, network configuration, and cybersecurity evaluations will generally be most important for IT and related job functions.
• Software skills are the ability to complete tasks using computer programs or the internet. This could mean sending email, giving PowerPoint presentations, collaborating on Google Docs, setting up and attending video meetings, creating graphics, or completing more advanced tasks such as coding or database administration.

Types of Computer Skills

What computer skills you need will depend on your job, your team, the company you work for, and the industry you work in. For example, marketing strategists will likely need to be familiar with data analysis programs. And no matter what your job function, you might need to be comfortable with project management software like Asana or Trello if your team or company uses one of these programs.

Here are a few common types of computer skills (keep in mind that they may overlap—and this list is not exhaustive):

Office Suites

Office suites are groups of programs used to complete many work tasks. They generally include word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, email, calendar, and storage software. Increasingly, they also include a video meeting program.

There are a few commonly used office suites, including:

• Microsoft Office including Excel, OneDrive, OneNote, Outlook, PowerPoint, Teams, and Word
• Google Workspace including Calendar, Chat, Docs, Drive, Meet, Sheets, and Slides
• Apple iWork including Keynote, Numbers, and Pages

Knowing the basics of these programs is so fundamental to many jobs that most employers will assume you know how to use them on some level. “It’s just a normal part of a job now,” Kelly says. The good news is that a lot of the skills from one of these suites will carry over to another. So if you can’t shell out the high fees for Microsoft Office, you can use the free Google Workspace to familiarize yourself with the basics of these programs.

Presentation Tools

Many jobs require you to give presentations to others on your work, whether that’s sharing the results of a project, campaign, or initiative; pitching a new proposal to colleagues or clients; or training teammates on a new process or technology. The software you use to create presentations is often found in office suites. However, you might also include visual elements such as data visualizations, graphics, or videos from other programs or software.

Some of the most common presentation tools are:

• Apple Keynote
• Data visualization tools such as Microsoft Excel, Tableau, Google Charts, and Infogram
• Google Slides
• Microsoft PowerPoint

Spreadsheets

Like presentation software, the programs needed to create and manipulate spreadsheets are often found in office suites. Depending on your career and job, you may need to use spreadsheets for any number of tasks , including to track progress, sales, clients, inventory, or other items; create macros to automate common tasks; analyze, track, store, and visualize data; or create schedules, maps and other charts. However, for any position, you’ll want to know the basics like how to read and update a spreadsheet, sort data, or create simple formulas.

Common spreadsheet programs include:

• Apple Numbers
• Google Sheets
• Microsoft Excel

Communication Tools

One of the most common uses for computers in the workplace is communication. Depending on your workplace and department culture, you may need computer-specific communication skills for everything from emailing people outside your company to attending meetings and checking in with coworkers. You might use:

• Chat (for example, Slack, Google Chat, Microsoft Teams, Discord, Facebook Workplace Chat)
• Email (for example, Gmail, Outlook, Apple Mail)
• Project management tools (see below)
• Video conferencing (for example, Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, Skype, RingCentral, BlueJeans)

Collaboration and Project Management Tools

At their core, companies are groups of people working together to achieve common goals. So computer skills that help you collaborate with others are extremely important. There are programs specifically designed to help people work together on documents, presentations, spreadsheets, and other work products. Project management software allows teams and companies to track all the moving pieces of a project and see who is doing what and when.

Some of these tools are:

• Google Workspace
• Microsoft Teams
• Storage and file sharing programs such as Dropbox, Google Drive, AWS Cloud, iCloud

Programming Skills and Coding Languages

Programming skills and coding languages are used to create software, websites, apps, and other computer, tablet, phone, or internet features. These skills are primarily needed by people who work as software engineers , web developers, or similar.

However, other jobs that come into contact with coding languages or produce work that goes onto their company’s website or app—for example, designers, writers and editors, marketers, and video producers—might benefit from learning some basic coding skills. As an editor, I’ve found understanding basic HTML (which I literally learned changing the colors of my Myspace profile) and knowing how to look up useful snippets of code helpful many times when I would’ve otherwise had to wait for other colleagues or departments to get involved with a relatively minor issue.

Some programming skills and coding languages are:

• API creation
• Application scaling
• Back-end framework
• Database administration
• Web development

Job-Specific Skills

Some computer skills are widely transferable between roles and jobs, Girson says. For example, “MS Office Suite and email are baseline for almost any job.” However many other computer skills are used for more job-specific tasks. Even common tools like Excel and email can be used in more complex ways by certain professionals like data analysts or email marketing managers.

Here are a few commonly used skills and tools for certain careers:

• Accounting: Sage 50 Accounting, QuickBooks, NetSuite
• Content: Adobe Suite, content management systems (CMS), Google Analytics and Search Console, Final Cut Pro
• Data: Google Sheets, IBM Cognos Impromptu, Looker, MATLAB, Microsoft Excel, Tableau
• Design: Adobe Creative Suite (Illustrator, InDesign, Photoshop), AutoCAD, Canva, Microsoft Visio
• Marketing: Google Ads, Google Analytics, MailChimp, search engine optimization (SEO) and marketing (SEM), social media management (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, TikTok)
• Recruiting: Sourcing tools (for example, LinkedIn Recruiter), applicant tracking systems (ATSs) such as Taleo, Lever, or Greenhouse
• Sales: Salesforce, HubSpot

How to Improve Your Computer Skills

You can gain new computer skills or hone the ones you already have both at work and outside of it. Plus, technology is constantly changing so “there is no reason for us not to keep learning and growing and staying digitally current,” Girson says.

Here are a few tips:

• Take a class: Many computer skills can be learned through online classes on popular education platforms like Coursera, LinkedIn Learning, and Udemy—often for free or at a low cost. You can also consider taking a college or university course online or on campus. For some computer skills, like coding and data science, there are bootcamps dedicated to preparing people for careers in these fields.
• Go to the source: If you’re looking to learn more about a specific program or technology, your first stop should often be the website of the company that makes it. There are typically free tutorials, FAQ pages, or even training and courses offered directly by the creator of the software.
• Find free tutorials on YouTube or similar platforms: One other advantage to the digital age? Almost anyone can share information they’ve learned with the world. If you need to learn how to perform a specific task on a computer, there are usually one or more YouTube videos that will guide you through it step by step. Follow along with the tutorial each time you use your new skill until you have it down. There are also many dedicated online forums where you can post tech questions for other users to answer.
• Ask for help: If you know someone (either in your personal or professional life) who’s good at the skill you want to improve or learn, you can ask them for help. You might ask them to help guide you through something small or see if you can watch them complete a computer task. Or you can ask them how they learned their skills or what resources they can point you to.

How to Present Computer Skills in Your Job Search

Your source of truth when deciding what skills to highlight in your application materials is always the job description. Read it closely. Then, reread it and note the skills mentioned. If you have experience with these computer skills, they belong on your resume. The ones that are especially important to the job might also belong in your cover letter and interview answers.

Since many computer skills, such as email, are seen as “givens,” listing something like “ Proficient in Microsoft Office ” on your resume isn’t just unnecessary, it can make you look out of touch or even open you up to age discrimination . And remember, the programs within office suites have a number of functions. Employers are far more interested in your specific abilities within these programs than knowing you have a basic familiarity with them. If you’re not sure what skills to put forward, Girson suggests only including computer skills you know you’ll use on the job or are in the job description.

Once you know which computer skills you want to emphasize to employers, here’s how you include them:

On Your Resume

Your resume is often the first impression a prospective employer will have of you. And when a “resume is angled and crafted effectively, the response will be, ‘Let’s interview this person as they sound perfect for the job,’” Girson says. So you should tailor your resume for every job you apply to—i.e., rework and reword your resume so that it highlights the specific skills, experiences, and qualifications listed in the job description.

One of the first places a recruiter or hiring manager’s eyes will go on your resume is your skills section , which should quickly reveal whether you have all the key skills needed to perform a job well—so make sure your relevant computer skills are there. If you want to make them even easier to spot, you can divide your skills section into categories like “technical skills” or even more specific partitions like “coding languages”.

Here’s an example skills section for a digital marketer:

Marketing: copywriting, search engine optimization (SEO), data analytics Marketing Tools: TweetDeck, Google AdWords, Facebook Insights, MailChimp Analysis Tools: Google Analytics and Search Console, Tableau, Looker, Microsoft Excel (including creating macros, formulas, data visualizations, and PivotTables and performing VLOOKUPs and linear regressions)

But you shouldn’t just list the computer skills you found in the job description in your skills section. You also need to show anyone reading your resume how you’ve used these skills and how successful you were with them—most commonly by writing strong, quantified bullet points that highlight your achievements.

Here’s a bullet point that highlights some of a financial analyst’s computer skills:

• Analyzed department budgets using Excel PivotTables and XNPV and XIRR functions as well as Vena forecasting to propose budget cuts and created Tableau visualizations to present to management, resulting in 10% spending reduction across the company without any layoffs.

You can also mention especially important computer skills in a resume summary , and if you’re an entry-level candidate, you can talk about computer skills you’ve used for your classes in your education section . If you have a certificate or certification in a relevant or highly sought after technology, that belongs on your resume as well.

Whenever possible, you should try to use the same words that the job description did to describe your skills, Girson says. Many companies use applicant tracking systems (ATSs) to search submitted resumes for relevant keywords—often from the job description. So, for example, if you have experience with WordPress content management systems (CMSs) and the job description is looking for someone with WordPress experience, don’t just say you’ve used a CMS. However, if you have experience using a different CMS, you should still include that on your application materials. For example you might say something like “Uploaded images using Drupal content management system (CMS).”

In a Cover Letter

Cover letters allow you to inject a bit more life and personality than a resume, and you can use them to tell a story or stories about your most important computer skills. For example, you might write:

“I was especially excited to see that your team uses Airtable. At my current job, I led our company-wide transition to Airtable, putting together all the bases, constructing views for each team so they could easily see only the info they needed, and even training all my colleagues. After just a few months, we estimated that Airtable had saved the company over 200 hours that would’ve been spent sending emails back and trying to locate all the pieces of a project.”

On LinkedIn

“In today’s job market, LinkedIn is the place to be seen and heard,” Girson says. Many recruiters use LinkedIn to source candidates, plus the platform can help you grow your network. The “Skills & Endorsements” section of your LinkedIn Profile might seem like the obvious spot to list your computer skills. And while you should include them there (and get endorsements from past colleagues if you can!), recruiters are more likely to see your skills if you work them into your headline, summary, and most recent job experiences at the top of the page.

In Your Interviews

If you’ve made it to the interview stage, you’ve already shown a prospective employer at least some of the skills they want to see. But don’t stop there. As you prepare to answer common interview questions , look for opportunities to mention what technologies and computer skills you’ve used. And “mention them by name,” Kelly says. For example, “I scheduled a Teams meeting and opened a new channel for the project,” or, “I like to keep my meeting notes in Google Drive,” Kelly says.

If you’re answering a behavioral interview question —any question that asks about how you approached a situation in the past—you can take the opportunity to sprinkle in mentions of key computer skills to show your interviewer how you’ve used them to solve problems and meet goals.

Throughout the Hiring Process

As work becomes increasingly technology-driven, so does the hiring process. You’ll almost definitely be communicating with recruiters and hiring managers via email or LinkedIn. You may also need to use scheduling software or participate in a video interview . For some jobs, you’ll even have an interview presentation to give. All of these are opportunities to show off your computer skills.

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Adding Computer Skills to Your Resume

Basic computer skills  are essential for most jobs these days. Computers are commonplace in every industry so employers pay attention to the  computer skills on the resumes  of potential employees.

In some jobs, the required skills may be as basic as sending emails or using a cash register. For other positions, it is necessary to include specific, more technical programs such as Adobe Photoshop or Microsoft Powerpoint, when  listing computer skills on a resume .

As the necessary computer skills are often different for each position, you should carefully read through each job description to know which  computer skills to put on your resume . Many candidates use  resume templates  as they allow you to quickly edit your resume.

Many companies now use  Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS)  which scan resumes for keywords and phrases which  reflect the job requirements . If your resume doesn’t contain enough of these keywords the ATS will eliminate it from the application process. For this reason, it is vital to  include computer skills on your resume .

How to list computer skills on your resume

It is important to  highlight computer skills on your resume , as well as other abilities, by including a  skills section . It should be in a prominent place on your resume which  grabs the employer’s attention . You can simply list the programs and you can also  include your ability level  (beginner, intermediate, advanced etc.).

You don’t need to include all your  computer skills , only the ones which the employer is looking for. However, if a job requires an  extensive list  of them which are central to the position, you should add a specific  ‘computer skills’ section on your resume  to give it prominence.

Another option is to  add computer skills  into your  work experience  section (or other parts) of your resume. You can write short sentences which demonstrate your abilities and show what you achieved.

For example…

• Designed the company website  using WordPress, it  received more than 1,500 visitors a day.
• Responded to over 100 emails a week using Microsoft Outlook.
• Gave regular presentations to clients and stakeholders using Microsoft Powerpoint.

Using a  resume builder  is a quick way of producing a well- structured, attractive resumes. It also allows you to easily build in the specific skillset for each job application.

Highlighting your computer skills in your cover letter and interview

Including computer skills on your resume  is vital. However, the application process does not begin and end there. If computer skills are  important for the job you’re applying for , you can also use your  cover letter  to highlight them.

You should use the second and third main paragraphs to  show how your skills match  those needed by the employer.  Don’t simply list your computer skills  in your cover letter, it  needs to be engaging .

Be ready to  back up the claims you’ve made  on your resume in the  job interview . Make sure you can give specific examples of when you’ve used programs and for what purposes. Some employers actually ask candidates to  demonstrate their computer skills  by asking them to perform tasks.

Top computer skills for a resume list

Here are come of the  most important computer skills  which employers look for. The more abilities you have from this  resume computer skills list  you have, the more employable you are. Some of them are  basic resume computer skills  and others are more technical. If a job description includes any of the following skills, make sure to add them to your resume.

Word processing

• Microsoft Word
• Microsoft Publisher

Spreadsheets and Databases

• Microsoft Excel
• Data analytics
• Adobe Campaign

Graphic design

• Adobe InDesign
• Adobe Creative Cloud
• Microsoft Visual Studio

Software and Hardware Development

It troubleshooting.

• Backup management
• Diagnostics
• Tech support

Social Media

• Search engine optimization (SEO)
• Google Analytics
• Email marketing

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How To Write A Resume In 7 Steps (With Examples)

• How To Write A Resume
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• Resume Summary Example
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Resumes are still the most important document in your job search . Generating a professional and interesting resume isn’t easy, but there is a standard set of guidelines that you can follow. As hiring managers usually only spend a short time looking over each resume, you want to make sure that yours has a reason for them to keep reading.

If you’re looking to write a resume, rewrite a resume you already have, or are just curious about resume format, then you’ve come to the right place. This article will go through the steps to writing an excellent resume, as well as offering examples for what sections of the resume should look like.

Key Takeaways:

A resume is a short document that details your professional history in a way that tailors your experience and skill set for the particular job you’re applying for.

Resumes follow a few standard formatting practices, which hiring managers and recruiters expect to see.

Highlighting your work experience, skills, and educational background with relevant keywords can help you get past applicant tracking systems and into more interviews.

How to write a resume

Writing a resume involves using the proper formatting, writing an introduction, and adding your work experience and education. Stuffing your entire professional life into a single page resume can feel overwhelming, but remember that you’re distilling the relevant parts of your professional experience in order to catch the eye of the recruiter .

Formatting your resume. To start, use a word processor such as Microsoft Word or Google docs. Standard resume formatting calls for:

1 inch margins

10-12 point font

A professional, commonly-used font

Additionally, there are three resume formats that are commonly used. Most people should stick with a chronological resume format , but the combination resume format and functional resume format can be effective for more advanced workers or those who have significant gaps in their resume.

Write a resume header . It doesn’t matter if you have the best resume in the world if the hiring manager can’t contact you. Every single resume should include the following contact information:

Your full name. First and last.

Your phone number. Use a personal phone number, and make sure your voicemail is set up properly.

Your email address. Nothing inappropriate — [email protected] is a safe choice.

Location. City, State, Zip Code is fine, but you can include your full mailing address if you think it’s appropriate.

Your social media (optional). LinkedIn is the obvious one you’d want to include, but make sure your profile looks good. If you have an online portfolio , either on a personal blog/website or on a site like Journo Portfolio , feel free to include that here as well.

Your job title. Also optional, but can be useful for applicant tracking systems.

Resume introduction. You have four options for your resume introduction: a resume objective, summary statement, resume profile, or qualifications summary. For most job-seekers, a resume summary statement is the best choice. Regardless of which resume introduction you choose, avoid first-person pronouns (I/me/my).

Resume objective. A resume objective is the goal of your resume. Since the objective of every resume is to land a job, this is not the most original or impressive opener you can have.

On the other hand, it’s a good choice for an entry-level applicant or someone who is changing career paths . This should be a 1-3 sentence summary of why you’re motivated to get the position you’re applying for.

Who should use a resume objective: Entry-level applicants, career-changers, and recent college graduates.

Resume summary. This is the best opener for most job-seekers. As the name suggests, a resume summary highlights the most salient aspects of your resume.

It should include your current position, how many years of experience you have, some of your biggest achievements, and possibly your career goals. This should be a 1-3 sentence spiel and should include some quantifiable experiences.

Who should use a resume summary: Most job seekers; anyone with quantifiable accomplishments to emphasize and a broad range of skills.

Qualifications summary. A bullet point list (4-6 points is the sweet spot) of your qualifications for the position. It’s best used by applicants going for jobs that require a fixed skill set. It’s not a great choice for entry-level applicants who lack quantifiable achievements.

You’ll notice that a qualifications summary takes up more space than a resume objective or summary, but it can actually save the hiring manager time if you provide a bunch of valuable information right off the top.

Who should use a qualifications summary: Those applying to a job with requirements for certain skills and job-seekers who have a lot of experience in their industry and/or field.

Resume profile. A resume profile is similar to a resume summary, but goes into more detail about your accomplishments at your current or former job, while also telling the reader about your career goals. Think of a resume profile as a section that pulls all the best parts of your work experience section into one place.

Who should use a resume profile: Anyone with significant accomplishments under their belt, expertise in a niche field, or applying to a job in the same industry that they have lots of experience in.

Resume headline. Resume headlines aren’t necessary, but you can include one alongside any of the four types of resume introduction listed above. A resume headline comes between your contact information and the resume introduction of your choice.

Headlines can be used by entry-level applicants and experienced job-seekers alike. The important point is that your headline should be short and to the point. Additionally, you should use title case when writing your resume headline (capitalize words as you would for a book title).

Who should use a resume headline: Any job-seeker who wants to showcase their experience or unique value right off the bat.

Work experience. Your work experience section is the place to let hiring managers know that you have relevant experience that would allow you to handle the job you’re applying for.

If you’re using the chronological resume format, your work experience section would come after your resume summary/objective. In a funcitonal reumse, it would follow your skills section. Either way, work experience should be listed in reverse-chronological order (most recent experience at the top).

When listing your work experience, you should include all of the following information:

Job title. Start by stating the position you held at the company. These are easy cue for the hiring manager to look at and determine whether your past positions would help you succeed at their company.

Company Info. Include the name of the employer, the location where you worked, and perhaps a brief description of the company, if it isn’t a well-known name.

Dates Employed: Use the mm/yyyy format if you want to be sure that most applicant tracking systems (ATS) will pick it up. Whatever format you use for dates, be consistent, or your resume will look sloppy.

Job Description. Don’t just list your job’s responsibilities; hiring managers and recruiters already have an idea of your duties based on the job title. Instead, list your most important and impressive responsibilities/achievements at the job with bullet points. Determine which of these are most relevant for your new role based on the job description.

Ideally, each bullet should be no longer than a single line. However, two lines is acceptable, if used sparingly.

Always start with a strong action verb, followed by a quantifiable achievement and a specific duty. For example: “Developed ad campaigns for clients, increasing sales by an average of 27%.” Each job title should include 3-5 bullet points.

The order that you include this information can be changed around, as long as you are consistent throughout your resume. However, the bullet points detailing your job’s achievements should always be the last item for each entry.

It’s important that you tailor your resume’s work experience section to the job you’re applying for. We recommend reading the job description carefully and highlighting the action verbs in one color and the skills, adjectives, and job-specific nouns in a different color.

Educational background. In almost all cases, your education section should come after your professional history. If you’re a recent college graduate with limited work experience, you may choose to put your educational achievements first.

Like the section on your professional history, educational experiences should come in reverse-chronological order, with your highest level of education at the top. If you have a college degree, you don’t need to add any information about your high school experience. If you didn’t finish college, it’s okay to give a list of what credits you did complete.

Each educational experience can be listed in the following format:

Degree/Program Name College/University Name Dates attended

You don’t need to add anything else, especially if your resume is already impressive enough. But if you’re struggling to fill up the page, or you feel that aspects of your educational experience will help make you a standout, you may consider also including:

Minor. If you think it rounds out your not-exactly-relevant-to-the-job major nicely.

GPA. Only if it was 3.5 or higher. Otherwise, it’s not going to do you any favors to include this.

Honors. Dean’s List, Cum Laude, etc.

Achievements. If you wrote a killer thesis/dissertation that showcases intimate knowledge relevant to the job to which you’re applying, you can include its title and a very brief description.

Extracurricular activities. Only include if they’re relevant. For example, if you’re applying for a management position and you were president of your student government.

Certifications/Licenses. If the job you’re applying for requires/likes to see certain certifications or licenses that you have, you may include them in this section as well.

Skills section. Your impressive skills should be scattered logistically throughout your professional history section, but you should also include a section solely dedicated to highlighting your skill set . Skills can be broken down into two categories:

Hard skills are skills you learn through training and indicate expertise with a technical ability or job-specific responsibility.

Soft skills are your personality traits, interpersonal abilities, and intangible qualities that make you more effective at your job.

Your resume should have a healthy mix of hard and soft skills, as both are essential to job performance. However, since soft skills are harder to prove in the context of a resume, we recommend leaning more toward hard skills. Additionally, whenever you list a soft skill, make sure that it has a correlating item in your work experience section.

For example, if you say you are skilled in collaboration, you should mention a time when a team project was a major success somewhere in your work experience section.

Optional sections. If you still have space left or there’s more you want to show off that doesn’t quite fit in any of the above sections, you may consider adding an additional section covering one or more of the below categories:

Language . Being bilingual is always impressive, and can be included on a resume for any company. Highlight this more if your position involves liaising with international distributors and/or clients. Don’t lie about your proficiency level.

It may be best to not mention it if you’re not particularly proficient speaker . Such as if you took courses in school, or haven’t really managed to gain fluency. It can end up looking like an attempt to inflate your credentials, which you want to avoid.

Volunteer experience . Always a good thing to include. It shows you’re a team player who behaves in a way that promotes the greater good, without thought of personal gain. Especially good for entry-level candidates and those applying for jobs at a non-profit. If you have gaps in your work history, you can also consider including volunteer experiences in your work history section instead.

Personal projects. A personal blog, published works, or a portfolio of your past projects are all good things to include. They show you take initiative, enjoy and take pride in your work, and that you can handle the responsibilities of the job, if relevant.

Certifications/licenses. If you didn’t include these in your education section, this is another good place to list relevant certifications or licenses that you have.

Interests . This is largely just a space filler if your resume is light in other areas. However, if your hobbies are directly related to the job that you’re applying for, it’s not a bad idea to include them. And it might draw a recruiter’s attention if you end up sharing some of the same interests as they do.

If you have several seemingly random items that are valuable, but don’t warrant creating a whole separate section for, you can also make a section called “Additional Experience.” Here you can include all of the above categories in one place. Just make sure that each item is clear and easy for readers to understand.

Resume samples

Now that we have a good idea of how to write a resume, let’s take a look at some example resumes:

Jack Pilgrim Washington , DC 14015 – (555) 444-3333 – [email protected] – www.linkedin.com/jpilgrim Resume Summary Graphic designer with 3+ years of experience creating and implementing promotional materials and social media graphics. Worked with sales and marketing teams to increase inbound calls by 23% YoY through compelling digital media. Adept at planning, managing, and prioritizing multiple deadlines at once, and thrives in fast-paced work environment. Work Experience Creative Designs | Washington, DC Lead Graphic Designer | June 2018-Present Worked with sales and marketing teams to create landing pages, sales proposals, and supporting media elements to drive sales by over $250,000 per quarter Trained, managed, and mentored team of 4 junior designers to fulfill 40+ project orders on a weekly basis Conducted UX research through surveys, usability testing, and data analysis to plan content marketing strategy, driving organic search traffic by 12% Presented proposals, results, and status updates to set of 4-7 clients, ensuring customer satisfaction at or above 95% for 3 years straight Happy Place | Alexandria, VA Junior Graphic Designer | July 2016-May 2018 Translated client needs and branding strategies into design and content strategy, increasing client retention by 22% Reduced project turnaround time by 8% by Utilizing web-based ticket system for completing and archiving finalized pieces Posted digital artwork to network IPTV using web interface to produce high-end info-graphics and other materials Happy Place | Alexandria, VA Marketing Intern | September 2015-July 2016 Assisted marketing team with data collection, analysis, and presentation using Google Analytics Drew up storyboards for new marketing campaigns alongside sales team, increasing brand awareness through social media Wrote 500-1000 word articles to pair with graphical elements on page, leading to a 40% boost in engagement on company website Education Savannah College of Art and Design | Savannah, Georgia May 2016 Bachelor of Fine Arts in Graphic Design Skills Adobe Creative Suite Typography HTML/CSS WordPress Collaboration Organization

Allison Neederly Chicago, Illinois , 60007 | (333) 222-1111 | [email protected] | www.linkedin.com/allison.neederly Resume Summary Dedicated customer service representative with 4+ years experience resolving customers’ needs in-person, online, and over the phone. Top achiever at XYZ Inc. with a 100% customer satisfaction rate for Q1 of 2020. Friendly personable, and knowledgable about company’s products and services. Relevant Skills Customer Service Responded to upwards of 200 customer queries daily with XYZ Inc., reducing the average wait time by 56% and increasing customer satisfaction rates by 13% Ability to resolve conflict and create a positive atmosphere for shopping for both new and existing customers through technical proficiency Expert product knowledge and communication skills, and experience training and mentoring new customer service staff Web Chat and Phone Skilled in 3 web chat platforms for helping online customers resolve their queries quickly and accurately Achieved fastest call resolution rate at XYZ Inc., with an average resolution time of under 5 minutes per customer Performed outbound calls for customer satisfaction surveys, as well as writing web-based surveys for 10,000+ customers Troubleshooting Detailed product knowledge allowed for customer technical issues to be resolved at rate within top 5% of all customer service associates at XYZ Inc. Created manual for step-by-step directions for troubleshooting that was implemented for team of 100+ customer service reps Positive attitude took average tech-related negative response from 1/5 stars to 4/5 stars, increasing trust in brands and services Work Experience XYZ Inc. | Philadelphia, PA Customer Service Associate New Look Global | Burlington, VT Junior Customer Service Representative L.L. Bean | Burlington, VT Sales Associate Education University of Vermont | Burlington, VT May 2012 Bachelor of Arts in Humanities

Priya Laghari New York, NY | (222) 111-0000 | [email protected] | www.priyabizdev.com Resume Profile Strategy Development: Grew John Deere’s international sales by 13% by tapping into undeserved countries in Southeast Asia Management: Oversaw a team of managers representing marketing, sales, and product teams. Streamlined collaborative, cross-functional communications through agile and scrum management system CRM: Developed, customized, and implemented new customer relationship management database for accounts totaling over $10M in value Work Experience Business Development Manager 01/2015-Present Microsoft | Redmond, WA Developed product strategies and roadmap for Google AdWords, increasing inbound traffic by 26% YoY Reduced time training on new software by 50% for new and existing employees by implement e-learning programs Spearheaded digital marketing campaign worth $1M that saw a return of 200% in first year by qualifying leads earlier in the sales funnel Regional Sales Manager 11/2012-01/2015 Big Things Inc. | St. Louis, MO Managed territory encompassing 29 regional locations with an annual revenue of approx. $55M Worked with C-level executives to plan business strategies, resulting in 20% reduction in overhead costs Increased client retention by 12% in first year by implementing a CRM approach based on account profiling and elevating levels of relationship selling Account Manager 02/2009-11/2012 Solutions Corp. | Chicago, IL Implemented and developed CRM strategic plans, increasing retention of long-term clients by 22% Maintained 50+ accounts totaling over $35M in value Generated leads through one-on-one consultation via phone inquiries, online check-ins, and meeting office walk-ins Relevant Skills CRM: Proficient with Salesforce, Zoho, and HubSpot; some experience with Keap. Used various CRM software over a decade to successfully manage customer relations and quick to adapt to new software and tools that aid in quality of customer experience. Salesmanship: Negotiated and closed over several deals worth $1M+ and skilled in upselling and cross-selling. Adept at working closely with marketing and product teams to maximize the efficiency of the sales funnel for both inbound and outbound traffic. Presentation: Represented Microsoft Northwest Region at quarterly board meetings, ensuring all stakeholders were kept abreast of new developments and opportunities. Also deliver monthly presentations to big clients and vendors to maintain positive relationship. Data analytics. Expert at integrating data from various analytics platforms, including Google, Microsoft Power BI, and SAP BusinessObjects Education Colgate University | May 2008 MBA Fordham University | May 2006 Bachelor’s Degree in Business

For more resume examples and templates:

Resume examples by job

Google docs resume template

Resume templates

Resume builder

Resume Headers Samples:

Tip : Never put your contact info in the header of your document; some applicant tracking systems might miss it.

For more on how to write a resume header:

Resume Header

Resume Titles

Resume introduction examples

Entry-Level Resume Objective.

Recent graduate with a bachelor’s in Marketing from the University of Virginia seeking an entry-level role in content marketing. Excellent copywriter with 2+ years experience editing content as a member of the UVa Writing Center.

Career Change Resume Objective.

Eager to apply 7+ years of experience with customer success management to make successful outbound B2B calls, deliver customized business solutions to new and existing customers, and provide expert product knowledge in the role of Account Manager for XYZ Inc.

Example Resume Summary Statement.

Accountant with over 8 years of experience in the medical industry. Adept at advising on management of cash deficits, reconciling departmental accounts, and creating new accounts and codes. Coordinated invoice preparation system for ABC that reduced contractor overhead by 19% YoY.

English teacher with a love of language and 6 years of experience teaching high school students. Developed new curriculum that boosted freshman reading comprehension scores by 12% and created after school book club for AP Lit class, resulting in 100% of participating students achieving a 5 on the AP Lit test.

Example Qualifications Summary.

Executive assistant with 5+ years experience helping maintain efficiency in an office of 25 employees Communicated directly with internal and external stakeholders, helping Senior Vice President manage projects worth $5M+ Proactively managed office schedules, identifying and prioritizing changes to ensure client satisfaction Recognized in a company of 500 for “Outstanding Achiever” in May 2019

Example Resume Profile.

Detail-oriented IT Specialist with 4 years of experience overseeing and improving the infrastructure of IT systems. Adept at building and running troubleshooting systems and testing services. Decreased security risk by 47% through continual optimization, while also improving the speed of client portal by 22%. Excellent communicator both internally and for client-facing discussions. Achieved 98%+ customer satisfaction ratings through weekly and monthly check-ins with accounts valued cumulatively at $500,000.

Entry-Level Resume Headline.

Bilingual College Graduate with 80 WPM Typing Speed and Tutoring Experience

Experienced Resume Headline.

Business Development Specialist with 6+ Years Experience Scaling Start-Up Tech Teams

For more on resume introductions:

Resume objective statement

Resume summary statement

Resume summary statement examples

Qualifications summary

Sample resume work experience sections

Work Experience XYZ Industries | Seattle, WA Marketing Associate | May 2019-Present Delivered weekly presentations to client-base to communicate brand messaging, increasing client retention by 11% Served as liaison between marketing and product teams, resulting in projects finishing 2 weeks early, on average Leveraged Excel skills to create and maintain spreadsheet to track consumer insights, emergent trends, and inform decisions of marketing team through competitive analysis Managed team of 5 contractors to juggle multiple priority projects simultaneously, never missing a deadline Initiated an affiliate referral program that PR team went on to turn into a revenue-generating stream valued at $30,000 annually ABC Corp | Seattle, WA Marketing Intern | September 2018-May 2019 Developed, maintained, and processed 20+ digital consent forms and distributor forms Worked collaboratively with a team of 10 marketing professionals, closely aligning our goals with the PR team Provided data analysis using Google Analytics and performed keyword research to increase blog traffic by 56% over six months Answered up to 50 customer queries by phone and email each week

For more on building the perfect resume work experience section:

Resume work experience section

First resume (no experience)

Examples Of Education Resume Sections

Graduated recently from a 4-year program.

Western Illinois University | Macomb, Illinois May 2020 Bachelor of Arts in Sociology | Minor in Psychology 3.95 GPA magna cum laude Dean’s List all semesters

Two degrees.

Fordham University | Bronx, New York April 2016 Master of Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University | Stony Brook, New York April 2014 Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

Anticipated graduation date (not yet graduated).

DePaul Univeristy | Chicago, Illinois Bachelor of Arts in History – Degree anticipated May 2021 Current GPA: 3.8

Older job seeker (graduated 10+ years ago).

University of Chicago | Chicago, Illinois Bachelor of Business Administration

High school graduate (no college degree).

Johnston High School 2016-2020 Head of Computer Club

More on crafting the perfect resume education section:

Education resume section

GPA on resume

Dean’s list

Magna cum laude

Examples Of Skills For Resume

Examples of hard skills include:

Examples of soft skills include:

Here’s more information on how to incorporate skills into your resume:

Resume skills section

Hard skills

Soft skills

Top skills for professionals

Skills-based resume

Resume writing FAQ

What is a resume?

A resume is a one to two-page document that focuses on professional experience, past achievements, education and certifications, and specific skills tailored to the job you’re applying for.

Almost every job application requires a resume, and hiring managers use them as a first impression in determining which applicants get a shot at an interview.

Whether you’re fresh out of college or have 30 years of professional experience, this guide should help craft a resume that stands out from the crowd and get you one step closer to landing your dream job.

What is the format for writing a good resume?

Most people will want to use a chronological or reverse-chronological resume format. This format is compatible with most applicant tracking systems (ATS) and is easy for employers to read. Additionally it helps highlight your experience, which helps prove your qualifications.

How far back should a resume go?

A resume should go back no further than 10 to 15 years. However, it is important that all your information is relevant. Therefore, do not include job experience that is irrelevant to your application, even if it’s fewer than 10 years old. Save that information for later discussions.

Should you personalize your resume for each job?

Yes, you should personalize your resume for each job you apply to. Many recruiters use ATS now, which will search for keywords in a resume and reject those that don’t have them. That means that the skills you choose to highlight as well as your opening, such as your resume summary, should be altered to suit each job you apply to.

You don’t need to rewrite the entire resume for each job, but it does show attention to detail and initiative to make sure that your resume is customized. It also makes it more likely that you’ll get past the first step of the process.

State of New York Department of Labor – Resumes, Cover Letters and Job Applications

Harvard University – Create a Resume/CV or Cover Letter

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Matthew Zane is the lead editor of Zippia's How To Get A Job Guides. He is a teacher, writer, and world-traveler that wants to help people at every stage of the career life cycle. He completed his masters in American Literature from Trinity College Dublin and BA in English from the University of Connecticut.

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• Resume and Cover Letter
• How to Make a Resume:...

How to Make a Resume: Beginner's Writing Guide with Examples

30 min read · Updated on May 22, 2024

Your dream job is one resume away!

Your resume is arguably the most important financial document you'll ever own. And before you think, “Yeah – right” let's consider for a moment. Without a resume, you don't get the job, so you can't pay bills, support a family, go to the big game, have that weekend trip, or plan for retirement. Your resume is the doorway to your future, so let's make sure it's perfect.

Part of making it perfect is remembering that it's a targeted career marketing document – not a chronicle of your life. So, how do you write a resume? In this beginner's writing guide, we'll show you how to make a resume and provide examples of what each section should look like. 

Grab a cup of coffee and strap in, because you're about to learn everything you need to know about how to make a new resume!

Table of contents:

The purpose of a resume

Avoid rejection by the ATS

What is your career target?

Build your personal brand, what should your resume look like, how to make a resume – the layout.

How long does it take to put together a resume?

A major resume no-no: typos

How to make your resume more professional

Theory in practice – resume examples

The most basic purpose of a resume is to sell your skills , achievements , and qualifications to prospective employers. This one document can financially make or break you. Let's take a quick look at what being unemployed costs you per day (assuming a five-day workweek):

If you make $40,000 per year, you lose about $155 every day that you're out of work

If you make $50,000 per year, you lose about $190 every day that you're out of work

If you make $75,000 per year, you lose about $288 every day that you're out of work

If you make $100,000 per year, you lose about $385 every day that you're out of work

Clearly, finding out how to make a resume for a job is critical so that you can properly sell your skills, qualifications, experiences, and achievements to prospective employers. 

The job market is tough and highly competitive; you have to stand out in a sea of qualified candidates by creating a compelling narrative that tells a story of value, keeping in mind that your resume is supposed to do a few things for you:

Introduce you to a new company

Underscore how your experiences and education are relevant

Showcase how your skills and competencies will benefit the new company's team

Win interviews

Avoid rejection by the ATS 

What do you know about applicant tracking systems? Job seeking can be compared to throwing your resume into a black hole. You can go through 100 listings on any job search website and complete the online application with zero results. 

Ever had that happen? It's okay, it happens to everyone at some point or another! 

The problem is that you're probably not putting the correct keywords into your resume. When you hit “Submit” on an online application, it isn't magically emailed to the hiring manager. 

Oh, no! 

It goes through a computer system that scans your resume for specific keywords that can be found in the job description posted by the company. And, just so you know, approximately 90% of companies use ATS scans , including everything from mom-and-pop shops to Fortune 500 companies. 

The companies use these programs because they just don't have time for a human to go through all the resumes they receive. Depending on the job opening, a company can get between  250 and 500 applicants . Can you imagine being the person who has to sift through all those resumes? 

Here is where the ATS steps in. It's designed to weed through candidates to narrow the applicant pool, so that the human hiring manager has a more reasonable resume load to go through. It ranks the remaining candidates in order based on how much of a match they are for the position that's open. 

Being overlooked by the ATS is one of the number one reasons job seekers get ghosted by companies.

Once your resume makes it through the ATS and gets into the hands of a hiring manager, don't think they're going to sit down and read each one. Who has that kind of time? You should expect that the first round of resume sorting will consist of them flipping through the stack to pick the ones that stand out within about 6 seconds of glancing at them. 

PRO TIP: Put your resume on a table, stand up, and look at it from a little distance. Is it eye-catching? Can you tell the position you're seeking just by glancing at it? Set a timer if you have to, but no more than 10 seconds.

Speaking of eye-catching, don't make the same mistake as a lot of your rival job seekers by being too generic with your resume. It's easy to fall into the trap of thinking that being non-specific will open doors to more opportunities. The problem is that the hiring manager won't be able to tell exactly where you'll fit within their organization. 

The first step in winning an interview is being sure that your resume actually makes it into the hands of a human being at the company you apply to. Start by defining what you want to do.

So the first, and most important, step in crafting the perfect resume is to narrow down your target career path. The more specific you are with this first step, the more response you'll receive from hiring managers because they'll be able to tell exactly how you fit within their organization. There are four areas to focus on as you begin to chart your career path:

Industry: Do you want to work in private sector, nonprofit, government, or public roles?

Geography: This one is more in-depth than choosing rural vs urban. It also includes whether you want to work in a dynamic or static environment.

Company size: You may not think it, but having an idea about whether you want to work in a small company or one with thousands of employees is important. 

Role: Saving the best for last, you have to know what position you want.

On the surface, it may seem like these things are only important for the job search aspect of landing a new position, but you have to know what voice to write your resume in, too. Part of that is knowing your audience. When you understand your audience, you can build a personal brand that resonates with what they're looking for in a new staff member.

Now that you've gotten your target career path nailed down, the next step is to brand you. Think of yourself as a product and your resume is the packaging. Companies spend a lot of time on their branding and packaging - you have to do the same thing.

The best place to start is with a  career assessment . Taking one of these tests can help you to identify your strengths, what sets you apart from others, and key themes of your professional identity. Just like Nike and Coca-Cola have timeless taglines and catchphrases that succinctly define what they have to offer to consumers, your personal brand has to tell a concise, yet compelling, story. This is where your resume comes in.

Your resume isn't just a piece of paper you give to a hiring manager or upload to a website that says, “I'm interested in this job.” Your resume is a personal marketing tool. You shape that tool with words that describe your experiences and achievements, to impress and grab the attention of the hiring manager. 

Unlike Nike's “Just Do It” phrase, your personal brand isn't something you build and forget. It is fluid and should be revisited and refined as you gain new skills, experiences, and achievements. Weave the elements of your brand into every section of your resume.

There is a common misconception that entry-level resumes look different than executive resumes. The reality is that the only difference is how much content is available to write about. 

Obviously, someone who has little to no experience will have a  short resume  – generally one page. 

When you start to get up to 10 years of experience, then you've earned the second page, so go ahead and use it. 

It's not incremental though

Just because you have 20 years of experience doesn't mean you can have a three-page resume. As you work through how to make a resume, remember that a three-page resume should be avoided, unless you have a lot of career extras like publications, research, patents, publications, or public speaking engagements to talk about. 

Other than the number of pages, your resume should use the same format and layout no matter if you're applying to a job as someone fresh out of college or seeking to be the CEO of a company. 

Chronological resume 

The  reverse-chronological  is the most popular, traditional, and well-known resume format. Its focus is placed on achievements from your career history and is defined by listing your work history starting with your current or most recent job and working backward 10-15 years. 

Employers like this type of resume because it tells them what, when, and where you worked. It's best to use this if your work history is steady and shows growth and development. If you're looking to make a career change, have had frequent job changes, or if you're seeking your first job, this may not be the best format to use.

Pro Tip: You could also get lost in the ATS if your  resume is over-designed . Many resume writers will tell you that you need to stand out in the sea of sameness by adding some personality to your resume through design. While that's true, you need to avoid heavily formatted resumes which are often rejected by computer scanners as being illegible.

Functional resume 

This resume type focuses more on skills and experiences rather than on your work history. It's more of a “what you know and how you apply that knowledge” than a simple list of where you got the knowledge. It plays down gaps in work history and makes frequent job changes less noticeable. If it isn't done properly, though, it can be confusing for the hiring manager to read and understand. There's also a bit of a stigma behind it, because employers know that job seekers use this style to downplay job-hopping. So, the first thing they do when they get a functional resume is check employment dates. If you can avoid using this style, it's best to do so.

Combination resume 

There is another resume format that focuses on skills first and then experience last. It's the combination resume, which is sometimes called a hybrid resume. This is the most complex resume type and the best resume for mid-career professionals who are transitioning into another career or for people who have special skills and a strong track record of accomplishments. These types of resumes do take a long time to read and some hiring managers won't take the time unless they're looking to fill a hard-to-fill position.

Curriculum Vitae

Curriculum Vitae (CV) is Latin and means “course of life.” It's a little different from a resume, but some positions require a CV over a resume. The first thing you would notice is that a CV is significantly longer than a resume.  A resume is a self-branding document meant to portray your experience and achievements in a concise and easy-to-read format. A CV goes much further into the depth of your education and accomplishments (think publications, awards, and honors) and even has a section for you to include "Areas of Interest."

The best way to describe a CV is that it's a career biography. The biggest significant difference is that a CV is arranged chronologically in a way that gives a complete overview of your full working career. It also doesn't change based on the career or position for which you're applying.

Layout 

To make things easier for the hiring manager to digest the content of your resume, it should be laid out in a specific way to ensure that the right information is in the right place. 

Hiring managers don't  READ  resumes. They skim through until they find something that piques their interest and then they stop to read

Contact information

Title 

Professional summary , core competencies, experience , education and credentials , awards, certificates, and volunteer work .

Since the reverse-chronological resume is the one that the majority of people will use to apply for jobs, and because it's the format that hiring managers want to see, we'll focus this article on showing you how to make a resume using that style. 

Current contact information 

Location | Phone | Email | LinkedIn | Portfolio (if applicable)

You can be creative and use bold font in your  contact information  and even put a border under it to separate it from the body of your resume. 

• Name: Be sure to list your name the same across all professional documents (e.g., resume, cover letter, thank you note, LinkedIn profile). Don't get hung up with whether to use your legal name (i.e. the name on your birth certificate or driver's license). Write your name in the manner you want people to address you. Also, if you use any abbreviated credentials after your name (e.g. Jane Smith, MD), remember to include them on all professional documents.  You can also include any shortened versions of your name in quotations (e.g. Christopher "Chris" Smith). Just make sure to list it the same way everywhere you put your name.
• Address: It is no longer customary to include your full address on your resume. There have been instances of discrimination against job seekers based on their address. As far as your address is concerned, all you need is the City, State, and Zip Code. A lot of people leave off the Zip Code; however, hiring managers can query the ATS for all resumes within a radius of a Zip Code. If you exclude the Zip Code or put something like, "Greater New York Metro Area," your resume won't be included in the query.
• Phone and email: Put the telephone number and email address where you can easily be reached. Also, be sure that your email address is professional. Using something like [email protected] just won't cut it. The best idea is to use some form of your name. If you're paranoid about having your name in your email address, then you can use some form of the type of position you seek, like [email protected].
• LinkedIn URL: You don't have to spell out the entire URL on the contact line. You can put the words “LinkedIn URL” and hyperlink those words. Before you include your LinkedIn URL, be sure that your LinkedIn profile is optimized for the career you want - because you can bet if they have access to it, the hiring manager will look at it. 
• Portfolio: If you're applying for a position like Graphic Designer or Software Designer, you may have a portfolio of work that you want to make available to someone reviewing your application for employment. Include a hyperlink to the portfolio in your contact information. 
• Headshot / photo: There is no reason to include a  headshot on your resume . Actually, it's seen as taboo and could be the thing that gets your resume rejected, because the hiring manager might assume you think you can get the job based on your looks. However, there are some exceptions, like if you're applying to be a model or actor. 

Do you want a hiring manager to be able to tell immediately what type of candidate you are? Put a title at the top of your resume. Center the text on the line, put it in bold font, and put a blank space above and below. The white space and the small amount of words will help it to jump off the page and immediately be noticed. It will also be the first step in helping you stand out in the sea of sameness.

Also, be sure the title on your resume mirrors the title on the job description that you're applying to, but add a bit of panache to it so that it's not too boring. For example, instead of writing “Financial Services Associate,” write “Client-Centric Financial Services Associate Dedicated to Customer Engagement and Revenue Growth.” Just remember to keep it on one line. 

The very next thing on the page should always be your Professional Summary. But how do you write a summary for a resume?

It's a three to five-sentence statement about you. Where you've been in your career, where you're going, and how you'll use your experience to get there. 

While the professional summary is sometimes referred to as the resume objective , you must remember that the days of writing a  resume objective are dead . Never, ever include an objective on your resume. They are a waste of space and don't relay any information that markets you as the best candidate for an open position. 

Let's take a look at an example of each:

Sales Representative seeking a challenging position that will use my skills and provide opportunities for growth in a dynamic and rewarding company. 

As you can see, the objective is very inward-facing and only talks about what you want out of your career. It provides no value to the hiring manager and eliminates any possibility for them to be able to tell what you bring to the table for them. 

Professional Summary:

Ambitious sales professional offering 10+ years' experience in customer retention and aggressive revenue growth. Conquers goals and quotas through a keen awareness of the human buying motive that allows for quickly overcoming objections. Used historical data and consumer trends to reach new customers and grow territory by 24%. Innate ability to work independently or as a member of a cross-functional team.

The best use of resume space is to write a summary of your career. The effectiveness of this summary comes from the fusing of three things:

Relevant keywords – customer retention, revenue growth, and quotas 

Hard and soft skills – overcoming objections and working independently

An achievement – 24% territory growth

With this professional summary, the hiring manager will be able to tell in an instant what you have to offer their team. 

Even though the skills section of your resume is small, it packs a powerful punch! The skills you list in this section highlight your key abilities and show potential employers what you bring to the table. 

It should contain approximately 12 ATS-friendly keywords and phrases that align with the keywords in the job description. Meaning, this is a fluid section that will need to be  tailored to every job  that you apply to. Technically speaking, your entire resume should be customized to align with each job description. That's one thing that will help you get past the ATS. 

Be sure to include a good mix of  hard and soft skills  because prospective employers not only want to know that you can perform the tasks related to your job (hard skills), but they also want to gain a clear understanding of how you'll fit within the culture of the company (soft skills). 

Tips for building your Core Competencies section:

Include skills that are relevant to the job that you're applying to

Avoid creating a laundry list of everything you know how to do – be selective so that the section is more impactful

Group similar competencies together using categories – technical skills, soft skills, and languages

Prioritize your top skills based on their relevance to the job you want

Update frequently

Be consistent with the formatting

Here is a sample Core Competencies list that contains both hard and soft skills:

Core Competencies

Project Management | Data Analysis | Cross-Functional Collaboration | Digital Marketing Strategy | Python Programming | Customer Relationship Management (CRM) | Negotiation | Team Leadership | Business Development | Financial Modeling | Articulate Communication

This section is meant to show how your career history lends itself to the skills you have that make you the perfect candidate for a given job. There are some general rules of thumb on how to make a resume with a great professional experience section:

Don't go further back than 10 to 15 years

Use no more than 3 to 5 bullets per work listing

Incorporate at least 5 measurable achievements per 10 years of experience (the more the better)

Use stacking for companies where you held more than one role

10-15 Years

The 10-15 years of experience is the most relevant – you can list more than that, but avoid using bullet points for roles over 10 years old. Begin by listing your most recent position first and work your way backward to your oldest position, within that 10-15-year range. If you have 30 years of experience, you can use achievements or skills you learned during that time as talking points during the interview. Listing those older experiences on your resume will only dilute the content.

As you write out your bullet points, keep two words in mind: “so what?” The hiring manager is going to be thinking it, you might as well be thinking it, too. Every time you write something on your resume, think, “So what? Why am I writing this? What value will it bring to my new employer? Will this be THE THING that lands me an interview?"

Achievements

Remove “Responsible for…” from your resume-writing vocabulary. That's because it's crucial that you talk about what you achieved, instead of just what your responsibilities were. Let's face it, there are a lot of things that people are “responsible for” that never get done. So, be sure to talk about things you actually accomplished, as that will be the proof the hiring manager needs to take the next step and call you for an interview.

1. Use numbers whenever possible

The best way to call attention to your career accomplishments is to use numbers. Numbers add credibility to your claims and provide a clear picture of what you bring to the table. 

Don't write this:

• Conducted cold calls to expand client base

Write this instead:

• Increased sales by 15% by making approximately 20 cold calls per day to expand the client base

The latter makes an unmistakable assertion that you had a positive impact, not only in your role but on the company as a whole. You can take it a step further and talk about things like problem-solving skills and how you addressed challenges to lead to team success. These types of  soft skills are highly valued by employers  and could be the thing that lands you an interview.

PRO TIP: Use the  CAR method  for building achievement statements into your resume.

2. Use action words to convey accomplishment

A lot of people make the mistake of copying bullet points from the job descriptions of the roles they've held. This practice makes you sound detached from achievements and focuses more on responsibilities. Using passive language is too generic and doesn't allow a hiring manager to see what you'll be able to accomplish in the new role. 

It's better to use action language to show that you're an achiever rather than a doer. Here are some examples of action words you can use on your resume: 

Worked with others: Advised, Aided, Assisted, Chaired, Coached, Collaborated with, Consulted with, Helped, Instructed, Interacted with, Mentored, Motivated, Supported

Communicated: Addressed, Advertised, Answered, Briefed, Corresponded with, Debated, Explained, Facilitated, Informed, Interpreted, Interviewed, Persuaded, Responded to

Analyzed data: Assessed, Appraised, Audited, Calculated, Computed, Estimated, Evaluated, Forecast, Inspected, Measured, Researched, Surveyed, Tested

Operated equipment: Installed, Maintained, Programmed, Ran, Serviced, Used

Worked with money or contracts: Administered, Appropriated, Authorized, Balanced, Controlled, Directed, Enforced, Financed, Funded, Governed, Invested, Monitored, Oversaw, Purchased

Organized something: Arranged, Assembled, Catalogued, Compiled, Coordinated, Itemized, Routed, Scheduled, Stocked, Tracked

Created: Composed, Customized, Designed, Directed, Established, Founded, Illustrated, Originated, Shaped

Researched: Analyzed, Collected, Criticized, Detected, Diagnosed, Evaluated, Tested

How to make your professional experience section: The formula

There's a formula for writing your professional experience section in a way that focuses on achievements. You'll start by asking yourself these questions about every job you've had:

What was the name of the company?

What was the title of your role?

What dates were you employed? (*Hint: use the MM/YYYY format for your dates)

What did you do every day? (*Example: Leveraged management skills to direct operations of 5 separate but concurrent projects by delegating tasks to staff based on employee acumen and monitoring / controlling budgets)

What is one thing you did at the company that you're really proud of?

What is another thing you're really proud of?

What is one more thing you did that you're really proud of?

When you put all of that together, it should look like this:

Company Name | MM/YYYY to Present

Position Title

Balanced competing priorities on multiple and concurrent projects and program management initiatives using data-driven strategies in Agile environments. Managed key accounts, onboarded new accounts, and oversaw organizational process adoption for nursing facilities, emergency departments, and pharmacies.

Developed $2M Provider Incentive Program that increased community provider partnerships

Saved $800K by using Six Sigma skills to implement DMAIC approach

Coached and mentored 2 direct reports, creating an open environment of communication that facilitated future-facing decision-making

Many people will create separate sections for education history and certifications. That's not necessary. You can include all of it in one section. You can also include extras like  relevant coursework , projects, and achievements. These extras can be truly beneficial for your application if you have little to no work experience. 

There are some general rules of thumb for the education section: 

Spell out acronyms (BS, MS, PhD) and school abbreviations

It is no longer customary to include graduation dates unless you're still in school or graduated within the last year

Never include high school, unless you're still in high school - listing high school doesn't say “ I finished high school, ” it says, “ I didn't go to college .” 

List your degree first and then your school, unless you've obtained multiple degrees at the same institution. 

Here's what a regular education section looks like:

EDUCATION AND CREDENTIALS

Master of Business Administration (MBA) | ABC University

Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) | XYZ University

Six Sigma Black Belt | Council for Six Sigma Certification

If you don't have a lot of experience and need to include some relevant coursework or major projects to inject relevant keywords into your resume, then this is what that would look like:

Relevant coursework:  Marketing, Operations Management, Accounting, Corporate Finance

Capstone project:  Let a team of 4 to execute a market analysis project to expand the Brooms and Handles company into new regions. Used market and consumer analysis data to identify gaps and achieve a 15% projected revenue increase and a 20% increase in customer satisfaction within the pilot program. 

You can include educational information about a degree program even if it's still in progress. Here's what that would look like:

Expected completion:  05/2024

Capstone project:  Let a team of 4 to execute a market analysis project to expand the Brooms and Handles company into new regions. Used market and consumer analysis data to identify gaps and achieve a 15% projected revenue increase and a 20% increase in customer satisfaction within the pilot program.

It is important to list what you do outside of work and school. It helps to demonstrate that you're a well-rounded person. 

Were you the president of a fraternity or sorority? 

Did you get involved with showing new students around campus? 

Have you headed a sales team that produced top awards? 

Were you an employee of the month? 

Do you speak multiple languages?

Did you volunteer for an organization?

Did you perform some major research that ended up being published?

All of these extras allow prospective employers a sneak peek into your life outside of work. They can also go a long way to breaking the ice during an interview, especially if something you do outside work is important or interesting to the hiring manager. 

Keep in mind to list only those volunteer positions, projects, or affiliations that are related to your career goals. 

How long does it take to make a resume?

If you're going to use the resume wizard that MS Word has, you can slap your information together in a day or two. It will get to employers. The bad thing is that it probably won't get a whole lot of attention. 

The "just right resume" can take weeks, because of how much background work goes into it. You'll write it, rewrite it, and write it again, and may even have multiple versions. Ultimately, the exact amount of time that goes into putting your resume together depends on your level of experience, how complex your history is, and the specificity of the job you're applying to. 

Entry-level resumes take the least amount of time, simply because there's less information to include

Mid-level resumes take a few days because of the amount of detail in your work history

Executive resumes, or those for specialized positions, can take weeks - especially if you have to do some digging to come up with accomplishments from your previous positions

Updating an existing resume that's well-maintained can be done in just a few hours

While the time spent can seem like a lot, if you're truly marketing yourself for that “just right” position, do you want your resume to say “This was thrown together in a couple of hours using a template” OR do you want it to say “I know this document is important and a significant amount of time was spent on it to make it perfect?”

The first and foremost thing that will get your resume tossed in the garbage can are typos. The number of resumes with errors that are turned in every day to employers across the globe is so astounding that it bears discussing. 

You must proofread your resume!

The major problem with typos and grammatical boo-boos is that your eyes will read what you intended to type. So, after you've read through your resume a few times and think it's perfect, get a friend to read it. Make sure the friend is one of those brutally honest types. It's better to get it back marked all over with bright red ink so you can fix it before you send it out, than to send it out and then realize there's a mistake in it.

How to make your resume seem more professional

Lazy words: Do you see words like "etc" or “other duties as required” on your resume? Delete them immediately. If you take shortcuts in the language of your resume, hiring managers will wonder if you'll be taking shortcuts at work. 

Cookie cutter resumes: Your resume has to stand out. Because of that, you should avoid throwing something together that you find a sample of online. Make it yours, make it represent you. Many people rely on the resume wizard that comes loaded with MS Word and, while that is a good tool to use to help you remember the sections to include, it shouldn't be the end-all-and-be-all of your resume design. 

Specificity: You've had three jobs in the last 10 years and you've listed every detail of everything you've done during your tenure at those jobs. That makes you a Jack (or Jackie) of all trades, but a master of nothing. You have to be specific to the job for which you're applying. What value do you bring to that employer for that job? What achievements can you highlight?

Tailoring: Considering the rampant use of ATS by companies big and small, you have to take the time to customize your resume so that it gets past those scanners. Remember to use relevant keywords from the job descriptions throughout your resume. 

PRO TIP: You can check to see how to make your resume better! Have it checked against an ATS and get a free, personalized, and  professional resume review . 

Theory in practice – 10 resume examples

It's one thing to have someone tell you how to make a resume, it's another thing to see an example – proof that all of this information can come together in a practical way that makes sense. 

1. Software Engineer resume example

Click here for an example of a Software Engineer resume.

2. Data Scientist resume example

Click here for an example of a Data Scientist resume.

3. Cybersecurity resume example

Click here for an example of a cybersecurity resume.

4. Digital Marketing Manager resume example

Click here for an example of a Digital Marketing Manager resume.

5. Nurse Practitioner resume example

Click here for an example of a Nurse Practitioner resume. 

6. Finance Director resume example

Click here for an example of a Finance Director resume. 

7. Attorney resume example

Click here for an example of a Attorney resume.

8. Administrative Office Assistant resume example

Click here for an example of an Administrative Office Assistant resume. 

9. Information Technology Expert resume example

Click here for an example of an Information Technology Expert resume. 

10. Chief Executive Officer resume example

Click here for an example of a CEO resume. 

Now you know how to make a resume for your next job!

It may seem like it takes a lot of work to make a good resume, but if you've followed along this far there are a few things that should be ingrained in you that will help you write a professional resume:

Know what you want to do – be specific

Make your resume with the right format 

Use a standard layout, whether you are writing your first resume or 50th

Use action words to make your resume stand out

Quantify your achievements to prove that you have what it takes to succeed in a new role

Tailor your new resume to each job

Double and triple-check for errors, typos, and grammar mistakes

If you're still unsure how to make a perfect resume, TopResume has you covered. Our team of  professional resume writers  has the know-how and experience to write a resume for you that will win interviews.

Recommended reading: 

Resume Tricks That Don't Work

What Does Your Resume Really Say About You?

Bad Resume Advice You Should Completely Ignore

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

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• Resume Writing
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• Cover Letter
• Remote Work
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• Try Kickresume

How to Write a Resume: The Only Resume Guide You’ll Need in 2024

• Kaja Jurcisinova , 
• Updated January 16, 2024 16 min read

Your resume is arguably the most important document you'll create during a job search. So taking the time to learn how to write a resume properly can make a job hunt much quicker and easier.  

What would otherwise take you hours of hard work and research can be done in a few minutes. All you have to do is follow our simple step-by-step guide on how to write the perfect resume. 

In the end, a good resume gives you a chance to make a great first impression and ultimately decide if you'll be invited for an interview. 

What makes a great resume?

• Clear division of resume sections
• Prioritizing relevant information
• Tailored for a specific position
• Typo-free and well-written
• Usage of bullet points

There's more to it, though.

Table of Contents

Click on a section to skip

What is a resume?

Before you start writing your resume, how to write a resume, step 1: choose the right resume format, step 2: add contact information and personal details, step 3: begin with your professional summary, step 4: list relevant work experience, step 5: summarize your education , step 6: highlight your soft and hard skills , step 7: add optional resume sections.

• Step 8: Wrap it up with a cover letter 

Final tips before you click “Send”

Let's cover the basics first. Before we learn how to write a good resume, we should know what a resume even is. 

The word resume comes from French, meaning “summary” . This is the perfect word because that’s exactly what a resume is: a short, straight-to-the-point summary that details your professional achievements, skills, qualifications, education, work experience, and past employers. It's also known as a curriculum vitae (CV) .

The aim of a resume is to get invited to a job interview . It should aim to convince an employer that you're a good fit for the job. 

Because of that, your resume should be adjusted and tailored to each job vacancy.

TL;DR Here's a step-by-step video guide on how to write a professional resume in 2024

If you’re already familiar with what should be on your resume and just want a quick and informative recap, or if your time is limited, just check out our 5-minute step-by-step video guide .

Before we move on to how to write a resume, we recommend setting a few minutes aside for research. These few minutes can save you hours of frustration and ultimately make your job search that much easier.

Here’s what we recommend to research before you write your resume: 

• Research the company, specifically the “About Us” page. This is a great place to search for keywords you can use in your resume or cover letter. What are their mission statement and their values?
• Research the position you’ll be applying for. Great resumes are tailored to a specific job opening. You can do this by asking these three questions as you go through the job post: “ What are the essential keywords? What adjectives, nouns, and phrases occur repeatedly? What language does the company use?”
• Discover your strong points , as this will make it easier to pinpoint the qualities you want to highlight in your resume. Ask people around you: “What are my skills and abilities, and what are my weaknesses?” Also, look at your past accomplishments. What were the skills and abilities that helped you succeed in the past?

Another way of preparing for writing your resume is by looking at these well-researched, specifically tailored, and properly formatted resume examples in our database. You can even filter them by your job title.

Not enough time?

Let your resume write itself. All you’ll have left to do is edit the draft.

We'll walk you through nine essential steps to help you create a standout resume.

Different resume formats cater to different types of job seekers, depending on the experience level and career goals. The  three most commonly used  resume formats are chronological, functional, and combination (hybrid).

Your resume should include your contact/personal information right at the top, in a so-called resume header. A resume header is  more than just your name and contact details . Depending on your career path, there's a lot more that can (and should) be included in this section. To find out what to include, what to skip, and how to format it keep on reading.

A professional summary (also called resume profile or resume summary) is a short paragraph that summarizes your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements. Think of it as a teaser for the rest of your resume.

This is the most important section of your resume. You need to include key information like : names of companies, locations, job titles, positions held, dates of employment, responsibilities you've had. Then: - list the jobs in reverse-chronological order - write in bullet points - include your quantifiable achievements - avoid buzzwords - use action verbs and keywords from the job description

The education summary section, though important, varies in significance based on your career stage . As an experienced professional, prioritize work history and skills, placing education after. Keep it concise, including university, degree, and graduation year.

Skills fall into two categories: hard and soft. 1. Hard skills are teachable and measurable, acquired through training, and include computer proficiency, language abilities, project management, etc. 2. Soft skills , linked to personality traits, can enhance both work and personal life, encompassing communication, leadership, and time management, among others.

These can include: achievements and awards, certifications and licences, language skills, publications, references, hobbies, social media, volunteering, or custom sections.

A good cover letter should answer the following questions: 1. Who are you?  2. Why are you interested in working for their company? 3. Why are you the best fit for the job opening? 4. How can you enrich their company?

In the following chapters, we look at each step in more detail and give you helpful tips and examples.

Once you know what the company and job require and you’ve identified your strengths and weaknesses, you should be ready to pick the right resume format.  

Make this choice depending on the stage of your career: 

• Are you a seasoned professional ? Then you should pick a resume format that emphasizes your experience.
• Are you a fresh graduate? Then your resume should highlight any transferable skills you’ve acquired during your studies.
• Are you changing careers? Then a combination of the two will produce the best results.

Pick the best option for your career from the three dominant resume formats that are in use today:

• Chronological resume format. Probably the best choice for experienced professionals. Lists the candidate’s jobs and accomplishments in chronological order. Main resume section : Work Experience.
• Functional resume format. Great for fresh graduates, IT professionals, or other skill-based professions. Emphasizes skills instead of experience. Main resume section: Skills.
• Combined resume format . A combination of the previous two.

Let's take a look at what these resume formats look like in practice:

Chronological resume format

Functional resume format, combined resume format.

The resume format you choose will determine how you organize the information on your resume. It will also attract attention to some things and away from others. 

Take time to understand your strengths and weaknesses and choose accordingly.

You want the recruiter to read the strongest and most relevant parts of your resume at the start. For more, check out a guide on how to choose the right resume format .

Your contact/personal information should always be at the top of your resume in a so-called resume header .

Compared to the other resume sections, filling in the contact information section may seem super easy. That's until you start asking more questions.

Should you put your address on the resume? How to include social media , and should you? And what about the date of birth? 

Well, let’s see: 

• Name. Absolutely necessary. Put your first name first and surname last. Middle name is optional.
• Title. Optional. If you’re applying for a position in a traditional or specialized field, it's good to add your Ph.D., MBA, or other titles to it.
• Email address. Absolutely necessary, even when you’re sending your application by email. Your email address should look professional (e.g. [email protected] , NOT [email protected] ). Always use your personal email address, not the email address with the domain of your current employer. 
• Home address. Somewhat problematic. Your neighborhood can say a lot about you in some cases, disclosing living in a certain area can lead to discrimination. On the other hand, if you’re located in the same city as the company, it may help you to get the job, as it saves the company that they'd have to spend on a relocation package (of course, only if the job isn't remote).
• Phone number. Necessary. Many employers will call you by phone to arrange an interview, instead of doing it by email.
• LinkedIn. Recommended. And if you don’t have a LinkedIn profile yet, consider creating one. Make sure your profile is complete and up-to-date.
• Social media. Optional. Include it only if it’s related to your job. GitHub, Behance, and even your Facebook or Instagram profile will do (if you regularly post content that has to do with your profession). Here are a few tips on how to include your social media . 
• Blog/website. Optional. Similar to social media. If you have a blog , website, or digital portfolio related to your chosen profession, don’t be afraid to show it off.
• Photo. Problematic. It depends on the country. In most English-speaking countries, they don’t add a photo. See this guide to know if you should put a picture on your resume .

Your professional summary should be a list of about 4-5 bullet points or a short paragraph that summarizes your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements.

You can think of it as a teaser for the rest of your resume. Make sure it’s interesting enough to hook the hiring manager right in.

But how do you write a good professional summary?

• Write your professional summary last. It’s surprisingly easy to do if you’ve already finished other sections of your resume.
• The first bullet point should describe your professional title. Don’t forget to add the number of years of experience. Write it in bold if the number is especially impressive.
• Pick the most impressive parts of your resume and rewrite them into snappy bullet points. Tease your potential employer into reading further.
• Pack your professional summary with relevant keywords. Think of ATS. This will help you get through automated pre-screenings.
• Quantify every achievement if possible. This will make you look even more professional. 
• Tie every bullet point to the requirements introduced in the job offer.

If you do everything right, you should end up with something like this:

The work experience section is what most people picture when they think “resume” .

The trick is to focus on your past achievements , not your responsibilities. 

Hiring managers are likely to know what your responsibilities were supposed to be. In most cases, your job title says it all.

If you want to stand out, you should tell them how you excelled in your previous job instead. 

And there’s hardly a more effective way to do that than by mentioning your achievements.

But how do you list your work experience on a resume?

• Put your work experience section in the right spot. If you can boast a lot of professional experience, put your work experience section right under your resume summary. If you don’t have enough experience yet, put it just below your education section. Finally, if you prefer to highlight your skills instead of experience, put your skills section first.
• Give it a proper heading. Keep it simple and stick to “Work Experience” or “Employment History” as other headings might not be understood by applicant tracking systems (ATS) .
• List your jobs in reverse-chronological order. Start with your most recent experience and work your way back from there. Based on your level of experience, decide how far back should your resume go .
• Don’t include the job description. Instead of listing what you were supposed to do, try to tell your potential employers what positive results you had.
• Write in past tense. This will help you focus on your past achievements instead of responsibilities. It also sounds better.
• Show your problem-solving skills. In the end, hiring managers want to know how effective you’re going to be in solving real problems. There’s no better way to show your problem-solving ability than to briefly describe how you solved difficult problems in the past. Follow the PAR scheme: What was the (P)roblem? What (A)ction did you take? What was the (R)esult?
• Quantify results. Hiring managers love measurable results. Because of that, a single number often speaks more than a thousand words. Don’t say that you “increased the company’s revenue significantly.” Instead, don’t be afraid to brag about “increasing the company’s revenue by 20%.”
• Use bullet points. Bullet points help you structure each subsection. Try to limit yourself to about 5 bullets per job.
• Avoid buzzwords. People used some phrases in their resumes so much, these words have become meaningless. Everybody seems to be an out-of-the-box creative thinker with a knack for innovation nowadays. But in reality, only very few people really are those things. See what other 10 buzzwords you should stop using on your resume
• Use action verbs . Unlike buzzwords, action verbs carry the weight you need to persuade an employer to hire you. Just to mention a few, these are words like “developed” , “increased” , “facilitated” and others. For more action verbs, check out our resume cheat sheet .
• Keywords. Reread the job description and carefully pick the most important keywords. These are the words that best describe the position you’re applying for, and that will attract the attention of the ATS system. 

In the end, your work experience section should look a bit like this:

The education summary section is where you list your degrees and relevant academic accomplishments.

Based on your degree and where you're in your career, it can be either the least or the most important part of your resume.

Are you an experienced professional?

Once you become more experienced, the education section takes a back seat to your work history and hard skills.

In other words, your education section should come after your work experience section, not the other way around. It also shouldn't be too long. For instance, your grades are no longer relevant.  

It’s enough if you include the name of your university, the name of your degree, and the year you graduated.

Here’s an example:

Are you a fresh graduate?

Then your degree is still one of the strongest cards you have to play.

In practical terms, it means that you should place your education section at the top of your resume — right between your professional summary and work experience section.

It should also be a bit longer. 

These are the things you should add to your education section if you’re a student or a fresh graduate:

• Academic awards. AP scholar, Duke of Edinburgh award, National Merit Award, President’s Award, school subject-based awards, dean’s list, etc.
• Scholarships. Athletic scholarships, scholarships for women, creative scholarships, etc.
• Academic conferences and symposia. Don’t forget to mention the scope and name of the paper you presented at a conference.
• Relevant student societies. Debating or programming clubs. If you were on a student committee of any kind, mention that too.
• GPA. Only include your GPA if it was higher than 3.0 on a 4.0 scale. If your overall GPA was lower, mention your overall GPA. Alternatively, mention your summa cum laude or magna cum laude .
• Academic publications. Producing an academic work worth publishing is impressive no matter the context.

In the end, your education section can look like this:

Before you start writing, you should know there are two types of skills : hard skills and soft skills.

1. Hard skills can be learned, taught, and most importantly — measured. Acquiring them requires deliberate effort, training, and time.

Hard skills can be, for instance: computer skills, language skills, manual skills, mathematics, project management, etc.

2. Soft skills are tied to your personality traits. These skills can come as part of your upbringing, or you can acquire some later in life through self-improvement. These skills can bring value to any job, as well as your private life.

Examples of soft skills include: communication, leadership, time management , creativity, decision-making, etc.

But how to make your skills stand out?

• Focus on what’s most relevant. Do you have any of the skills mentioned in the advertisement for your desired job? Good. Make sure to include them in your resume’s skills section.
• Organize your skills into subcategories. Divide your skills section into several subsections like computer skills, soft skills, languages, and others.
• Don’t underestimate soft skills. 67 percent of HR managers said they’d hire a candidate with strong soft skills even if their technical abilities were lacking. On the contrary, only 9 percent would hire someone with strong technical credentials but weak soft skills.
• There are skills you shouldn’t include. Never include any skills you don’t have, skills that have nothing to do with the job, skills everybody should have, or skills that have become obsolete.

Apart from the standard resume sections we just mentioned above, are also optional sections. 

A good rule of thumb is to add an optional section only if it's relevant to the job you're applying for. If done properly, these sections can help you:

• Fill the gap when lacking experience
• Highlight additional skills and expertise 
• Let an employer know more about who you are

Pro tip: Optional resume sections can be especially important to companies that prioritize hiring candidates who fit their workplace culture. 

Here are some of the most common optional sections: 

Technical skills

This section can be a nice addition when applying for (surprise!) technical jobs. 

Some examples of technical skills are: programming languages, software proficiency, project management, and data analysis.

Technical skills are usually measurable, so if you decide to include them in your resume, use a graph or a scale to illustrate how strong they are. Adding visual elements to your resume not only looks nice but also shows your ability to be precise and analytical.

Achievements and awards

Scholarships, competitions, work-related awards, or even promotions to leadership positions in your job — all of these can be considered important professional achievements. 

Either distribute them across other parts of your resume or put them in a dedicated section. The latter allows you to truly highlighted them. 

And if you choose to include them in a separate resume section, don't forget to mention the dates and the name of the company/institution at which you've accomplished the achievement. 

Professional references

In today's competitive job market, strong professional references can be a game-changer. Consider including a ' Professional References ' section in your resume to provide potential employers with easy access to these valuable resources.

How to format references on resume? Here's what you should list for each reference:

• Their full name
• Their current job title and organization
• Their contact details (email and phone number will do)
• Your relationship with them (e.g., Former Supervisor)

Ensure you have their permission and inform them when actively job searching.

Once you decide who you want your references to be, it's time to ask them if they agree. Here's how to ask someone to be a reference via email .

Certifications and licenses

Listing the certificates and courses that you've successfully completed on your resume is never a mistake.

However, keep in mind that they should be related to the role that you're applying for. 

If you'd like to add a certificate to your CV but you're unsure about where to find the best course for you, check out this carefully curated list of the best online courses that will help you to get a job. 

Publications

In this section, you can mention all the relevant conferences, presentations, and written publications. 

This section is most useful if you're working in academia, marketing, or journalism. 

However, include it in your resume also if you're applying for a position that requires you to be an expert on the topic that you've written about.

Volunteering

This section lists your volunteer work . It should be treated similarly to a work experience section. The reason is that whether your work was paid or not, it still translates to real-life experience. 

This is true especially if you find yourself at the beginning of your career. In that case, feel free to place the volunteering section towards the start of your resume. 

On the other hand, if you're a seasoned professional, locate this section more toward the end of your document. 

This is the part of your resume that's the most personal. Here, let a little loose and let your personality shine through. List you hobbies and interests, even the quirky or unique ones.

Hobbies serve as a great way for a hiring manager to see you more as a person and less as just a name written on a paper. They can also break the ice during the interview stage.

Christy's word of advice

Really, it sounds so simple, but one of the best ways to stand out with your resume is to apply for jobs you’re a close fit for. So many people apply ‘just in case they’ll consider me if even I only meet some of the requirements’, then feel deflated when they’re rejected. The company has spent time figuring out exactly what they need and are paying their staff or a recruiter to find that. Look closely at the minimum/essential requirements, apply for jobs you’re a great fit for, and you’ll have much better luck!

Christy Morgan, Resident HR Expert

Step 8: Wrap it up with a cover letter  

Phew! Almost done with how to write a resume. Just a little bit of editing and proofreading, picking the right resume template , and you should be able to click send, right? 

Well, not quite. At least we wouldn’t recommend you sending it —  yet. 

The truth is that resumes are often put aside when not accompanied by a cover letter. It would be a shame if this happened to you, especially after all the time you’ve spent creating it. 

A good cover letter is a way to stand apart from the competition. It’s where you can show your hiring manager you mean business. 

And, if you're fresh out of college or changing career this step-by-step guide on  how to write a cover letter with no experience  will show you what to focus on instead. 

Here are 4 questions to guide you while writing your cover letter: 

• Who are you (professionally)? 
• Why are you interested in working for their company?
• Why are you the best fit for the job opening?
• How can you enrich their company?

When all it’s said and done, your cover letter should look something like this:

Cover letter example

This cover letter sample was provided by a real person who got hired with Kickresume’s help.

Want more inspo? Browse another 1,250+ cover letter examples by your profession.

And if you really want a memorable cover letter, we’ve got you covered. In fact, we’re certain it will be the only cover letter guide you’ll ever need . 

• The older the job, the fewer the details. In other words, don’t have 13 bullet points on a job from 5 years ago.
• Use off-peak hours for maximum attention , especially if you’re reaching out to an employer directly. Hiring managers are busy people and you want them to receive your resume when they have enough time to carefully read through it.
• Check your resume for typos. If English isn't your first language, employers might be inclined to overlook any grammatical mistakes that you make in your resume. Typos, on the other hand, are unforgivable. Your computer’s spell-check feature can help you fix that.
• Customize your resume for each job application. Every employer is different. And any hiring manager can tell if you’ve just sent them the same generic resume as to everyone else. So make sure you tailor your resume to each individual employer to increase your chances of getting hired.
• Get the introductory email right. It doesn’t matter that you have the best resume ever if nobody gets to read it. Attach it to an email that catches the employer’s attention from the get-go. Pay particular attention to the subject line that will make them read the full email, including the attachments.

FAQ: How to write a resume

One to two pages is the ideal. If you're at the junior stage of your career, one page is more than enough. Similarly, make sure that your resume isn't longer than three pages (and this may be stretching it already), even if you're a CEO.

Generally speaking, content is superior to form when it comes to resumes. However, a nice design is the first thing that catches the recruiter's attention — and that's precisely what you want. Moreover, if you're looking for a job in marketing, art, or design, the design of your resume naturally becomes your selling point, too.

Typos, being too general and not specific enough, not including relevant information, not using action verbs, and writing about duties instead of accomplishments.

The best format for sending a resume is PDF, as it keeps the visuals of the resume unchanged once the document is opened by the recruiter.

1.  Include standard resume sections.  Contact information, resume summary, work experience, education, skills. 2.  Include optional resume sections.  Awards, references, certifications, publications, projects, etc. 3.  Choose a resume format.  The three standard are: chronological, functional, combination.  4.  Use bullet points.  Use bullet points to make your resume easier to scan and highlight important information quickly.  6.  Think about the  margins .  Strike a good balance between not leaving too much white space and making your resume seem cluttered.  7.  Keep it to  one-two pages .  Unless you have extensive work experience, you should generally aim to keep your resume to one page.  8.  Consistency is key.  In all aspects of your resume, including the spacing, font, margins, etc. 9.  Use a professional resume   template  or layout which helps to structure the information effectively and makes it easy to read. 

Good job, you made it! If you still need more information on how to write a resume. You can go further in-depth in our section-by-section resume guide .

This article was recently updated. The original article was written by Noel Rojo in 2019.

Kaja Jurcisinova is a junior copywriter at Kickresume. Kaja completed her undergraduate degree in Art History at the University of St Andrews in 2018 and graduated with a Master’s in Arts and Culture from the University of Groningen in 2021. She was an intern at multiple cultural institutions across Europe, including the Dutch Museum Association in Amsterdam, the Matter of Art Biennale in Prague, and the European Cultural Centre in Venice. At the moment, she resides in Visby on the Swedish island of Gotland.

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