hydroelectric power station essay ielts

IELTS Mentor "IELTS Preparation & Sample Answer"

Skip to content
Jump to main navigation and login

Nav view search

IELTS Sample

IELTS graph 320 - How electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station

Ielts academic writing task 1/ graph writing - diagram:, the diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station..

Map - how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station

Graph Writing
Academic Writing Task 1

IELTS Materials

IELTS Bar Graph
IELTS Line Graph
IELTS Table Chart
IELTS Flow Chart
IELTS Pie Chart
IELTS Letter Writing
IELTS Essay
Academic Reading

Privacy Policy
Cookie Policy
Copyright Notice
HTML Sitemap

IELTS Luminary - Free Tips, Strategies, eBooks and Detailed Essay Feedback . Overall, this is the best free IELTS and other test prep website.

The diagram shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric.. (Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9)

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9 (How Electricity Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station)

Get your personalised IELTS Essay Feedback from a former examiner

Download IELTS eBooks , get everything you need to achieve a high band score

Model Answer 1 (Band 9)

The diagram elucidates the process of electricity generation at a hydroelectric power station, underscoring the continuous cycle of water between a high-level reservoir and a lower one, facilitated by a dam and power station apparatus.

An overview of the system reveals that the operation hinges on the diurnal cycle, with water intake from the river occurring during the day, and the nocturnal reversal of water flow, from the low-level reservoir back to the high-level one. This cyclical process is critical in the generation and regulation of electricity.

During the day, water is channeled from the high-level reservoir through the dam to the power station. The flow of water is directed onto the reversible turbines, which in turn, operate the generator to produce electricity. This electricity is then transmitted via power lines to the national grid. The intake for this process is open during the day and closed at night to ensure a regulated flow of water.

Conversely, at night, the turbines' function is inverted; they utilize surplus electricity from the national grid to pump water from the low-level reservoir back to the high-level reservoir. This ingenious use of reversible turbines underscores the station's efficiency in managing water resources for continuous electricity generation. Notably, the flow of water back to the high-level reservoir only occurs at night, preparing the system for the next cycle of electricity production.

Model Answer 2 (Band 9)

The provided schematic offers an in-depth view into the sequence of operations by which a hydroelectric power station generates electricity.

Central to the diagram are two reservoirs positioned at different elevations, connected by a power station that houses reversible turbines and a generator. The process is characterized by its reliance on the natural cycle of day and night, which dictates the direction of water flow and the activity of electricity generation or water pumping.

By day, the station engages in electricity production. Water is allowed to flow from the high-level reservoir, passing through the turbines, stimulating the generator to produce electricity that is then dispatched to the national grid. The intake from the river to the high-level reservoir is open, facilitating this process.

At night, the operation is reversed; the turbines are employed to pump water from the low-level reservoir back up to the high-level one using excess energy from the grid. This ensures that the high-level reservoir maintains sufficient water volume to continue electricity generation in the next cycle. The intake from the river remains closed during this time, emphasizing the station's efficient use of water. The careful management of this cycle allows for consistent electricity supply and resource conservation, illustrating the sophistication of modern hydroelectric power stations.

Model Answer 3 (Band 8)

The provided diagram showcases the process of electricity production in a hydroelectric power station, which is initiated by the flow of water from the river into a high-level reservoir and ends with the transmission of electricity to the national grid.

During the day, water flows down the river to reach a high-level water storage facility that features a dam. The water then passes through the intake of the dam, after which it moves towards the hydropower station. The turbines at the hydropower station are activated, and the water turns them to generate power that is subsequently supplied to the National Grid. Finally, the water is stored in a low-level reservoir at the end of the daytime.

The night operation begins by reversing the turbines and pumping the water from the low-level reservoir. This water is then directed towards the dam and transported to the high-level reservoir. It is important to note that the intake to the dam remains closed, ensuring that all the water is retained in the high-level reservoir.

Model Answer 4 (Band 8)

The provided illustration depicts the process of generating power in a hydroelectric power plant. The power generation process involves releasing water from a dam during the day, which is then pumped back at night. The overall process is both innovative and environmentally friendly.

The process can be divided into two main stages - the daytime and night-time stages. The daytime stage involves the production of electricity from the river and the storage of water in a reservoir. The river water is channelled into a high-level reservoir, which is backed by a dam and an intake area leading to the power station. During the day, the intake area is open, and the water flows into the power station turbines to generate electricity. The generated electricity is then transmitted to the national grid via power lines, while the excess water is stored in a low-level reservoir.

During the night-time stage, the water stored in the low-level reservoir is pumped back to the power station using turbines, and then it is transported to the high-level reservoir, which is closed during the night. The river water is stored at the upper level and flows down to start the cycle again.

Model Answer 5 (Band 7)

The provided diagram illustrates the process of electricity generation in a hydroelectric power station, which can be broadly divided into day and night stages. The day stage involves the production of electricity from the river and the storage of water in a reservoir, while the night stage involves the return of water to the initial reservoir and the river.

The initial stage of the process involves the river water being channelled into a high-level reservoir, which is backed up by a dam. There is an intake area leading to the power station that is open during the day and closed at night. During the day, water flows through the power station turbines, generating electricity that is transmitted to the national grid via power lines. Excess water continues to a low-level reservoir.

The reversible turbines used in the day stage allow the power station to pump water from the low-level reservoir back into the high-level reservoir for use the next day. During the night stage, the water stored in the low-level reservoir is returned to the initial reservoir and the river, ensuring that the cycle can be repeated the following day.

Model Answer 6 (Band 7)

The image shows how electricity is generated at a hydroelectric energy facility.

Overall, the mechanism consists of a cycle where water is moved by gravitational force during the day from a high-level storage to a lower-level reservoir and returned to the first reservoir by a pump during the night.

To explain, the river ends into a high-level reservoir storing water behind a dam. There is an intake connecting this reservoir to a generator located in a lower altitude. During the day, the intake opens and allows water to flow from the high-level reservoir through a pipe to reach the generator. Then, the electricity is produced in the generator and is transmitted to national grid by power lines from the power station.

To continue the cycle, the water that has reached the generator during the day is moved and stored in a low level reservoir. During the night, this stored water will be pumped back the whole route into the high-level repository. However, the intake in high-level reservoir is closed during the night to prevent the backward shift of water from high-level reservoir and to facilitate the cycle to be completed.

Model Answer 7 (Band 6.5)

The presented diagram outlines the process of hydroelectricity generation in a power plant, which is cyclical and comprises four main stages: storing water high, using the water to generate electricity, storing water low, and pumping the water back uphill for reuse.

Initially, the dam stores the river water behind it in the upper reservoir, which has an intake at the bottom. During the daytime, the intake is open, allowing water to flow through. The water moves downhill into the lower reservoir, passing through the turbines, which turn their blades to generate mechanical energy. The spinning turbines drive the generator, which converts the mechanical power into electricity. The electricity is then transmitted to the national grid through power lines.

During the night, when the demand for electricity is low, the turbines switch to pump mode and pump the water kept in the lower reservoir back to the upper reservoir for reuse. This ensures that the plant is ready to generate electricity during the daytime, without the need for additional water supply.

Get your personalised IELTS Essay Feedback from a former examiner

Download IELTS eBooks , get everything you need to achieve a high band score

Environmental Issues Raised by a Product over Its Lifecycle - IELTS Task 1 Process

The Process Involved in Completing the Work Experience Requirement for University Students - IELTS Task 1 Process

A Structure That is Used to Generate Electricity from Wave Power - Task 1 Process Diagrams

Electricity Production in a Hydroelectric Power Station - Cambridge IELTS 10

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The diagram illustrates the process of generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant.

The production of hydroelectricity involves four main stages, forming a cyclical process: water storage at a high elevation, downhill water flow to generate electricity, water storage at a low elevation, and pumping water back uphill for reuse.

Initially, the dam holds river water in the upper reservoir, which features an intake at its base. During the day, the intake remains open, enabling the water to flow downward. As it descends towards the lower reservoir, the water passes through turbines, causing their blades to rotate and generate mechanical energy. The rotating turbines are connected to a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electricity. Subsequently, the electricity produced is transmitted to the national grid through power lines.

During periods of low electricity demand, typically at night, the turbines function as pumps. They draw water from the lower reservoir and transport it back to the upper reservoir, where it is stored for future use in the generation of electricity.

+1 541 460 5418
[email protected]
Angeles City, Philippines

IELTS Task 1 – Hydroelectric Power Station

Table of Contents

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Educatorian - Hydroelectric power station - IELTS Writing Task 1 AC

Three Introductions

The illustration shows the process of how electricity is produced by means of the hydroelectric power station. Overall, the first half of the cycle happens during the day when water will flow from one container to the other.

The picture describes the step-by-step procedure of how hydroelectric power generation creates electrical energy. Overall, during the day, the water will flow from one reservoir creating force to move the generator.

The process illustrates the process of how water could produce electricity using a hydroelectric power station. Overall, the flow from water placements from one container to another creates electrical energy.

The illustration shows the process of how electricity is produced by means of the hydroelectric power station. Overall, the first half of the cycle happens during the day when water will flow from one container to the other.

During the day, the dam releases water, which is from the high-level reservoir originating from the river, and will flow through a pipeline downward. The force created by the flowing water will move the turbines which create kinetic energy and will soon be converted to electrical by means of the generator. The electrical power will be transferred to the national grid lines while the water will be placed on a low-level reservoir.

At night, this water will go back to the turbine, but this time the water will be pumped upwards. Since the intake is closed during the night, the water will be going back to the high-level reservoir and repeat the cycle again in the morning.

A dam is created in order for a large volume of water that comes from the river to be stored in a high-level reservoir. During the day the intake located on the bottom part of the dam will be opened releasing water, and it will go through to a pipe. The reversible turbines that are located on the end of the pipeline will spin due to the gushing force from the water and this will create kinetic energy to be converted into electrical power using a generator. The produced electricity will now be transferred to the national grid using power lines.

The water that was used will be placed into the low-level reservoir and at night, the turbine will act as a pump, pushing the water upward and the water is placed in the high-level reservoir and the water will not go back to the pipe as the intake is closed during nighttime.

Check my other IELTS Writing .

Check my website .

Ian Tanpiuco is an ESL and virtual assistant. With a decade of experience, he has become an expert in his field. Dedicated to helping others achieve their goals, Ian works tirelessly in the classroom or as a virtual assistant.

Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Sample Answer of The Diagram Below Shows How Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station

The given process figure illustrates the generation of electricity in a hydroelectric power station.

Overall, it can be seen that electricity is generated mostly in day hours. However, at night time, water is sent to the reservoir. The generation of current involves around seven stages.

To begin with, firstly, water was transferred from the river to a high-level reservoir. It was regulated by a dam, which is constructed behind a reservoir. Secondly, in the daytime, water had flown from pipes to reversible turbines to generate power . Then, some water is sent into the generator in the power station. After that, the generator produces the power lines then it forms the national grid. Next, the liquid is directed to the low-level reservoir in light time.

In the nighttime, the process is reversed, pumping water from the low-level reservoirs to reversible turbines and through the pipes to the main pool. In the nocturnal time, intake is closed. The same water which is pumped from a low-level reservoir is used for daylight production of energy.

Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)
Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)
Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)
Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)
Click to print (Opens in new window)

About The Author

IELTS FEVER

Academic Writing Task 1 Process Questions

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 Process Question hydroelectric dam

The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam.

Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works..

The diagram depicts the process of electricity generation through hydroelectric power . This man-made linear process starts with the construction of a dam, creating a reservoir. From there water flows through a turbine connected to a generator, finishing with the creation of electricity, which is then transported to other locations. First, the water behind the dam passes through the intake and is funneled through a narrow channel, the Pen stock. The water channel is a narrow passage which slopes downwards and is designed to add speed and force to the flow of the water. Next, it passes through the turbine which is connected to a generator, located just above it in the Powerhouse. The passing of the water and the force it generates runs the generator, which in turn produces electricity. This electricity is then transported through long distance power lines to where it is needed. Finally, the water that has passed through the turbine is directed along another tunnel and flows back into the river.

(165 words)

The diagram illustrates the basic principles of hydroelectric power. The process requires the construction of a large dam connected to a powerhouse. The dam creates a large reservoir and the powerhouse is where the electricity is generated. First of all, water trapped in the reservoir behind the dam is forced through an intake. It then flows into a narrow chamber called a penstock, where the resulting high pressure turns a turbine. The turbine is connected to a generator in the powerhouse above, and this is where the movement of the turbine is converted into electricity. The resulting electricity leaves the powerhouse via cables that carry it over long distances to where it can be used. It is interesting to note that a hydroelectric dam creates no harmful byproducts and relies entirely on natural forces to produce electricity. After the turbine stage, water flows out through a second channel and into a river. The process is renewable, thanks to the water cycle in nature. (163 words)

The diagram illustrates the production of power through the use of a hydroelectric dam. The process begins with water in a reservoir and ends with the transmission of power via long-distance power lines. In order to generate hydroelectricity, the first step is to collect water in a reservoir. When power generations begins the water passes through an intake in the bottom of the dam and then enters a long tunnel called a penstock. On the other hand, when power is not being produced the intake is blocked by a large gate that prevents the flow of water. However, when the intake is opened, the water flows down the penstock and the pressure it creates is used to spin a turbine, which is connected to a generator in a place referred to as the powerhouse. At the same time, the water that has gone through the turbine flows out into the river below the dam. Finally, the generator in the powerhouse is connected to power lines which are used to transport the electricity over long distances.

(175 words)

IELTS Zoom Online Prepration course January - April 2021

Until the end of the Early Bird Special and save 45%

12 x 1.5 hour classes: 200£
4 full writing corrections: 80£
2 Full speaking exams: 80 £
Max 10 students
Additional practice
24/7 support
Total value: 360£
Course book 32£

What our students say

Have a look at what our students have to say about IELTSassistance.co.uk

Get your writing and speaking corrected

Join the ever growing group of students who we helped on the road to success and get the professional help you have been looking for.

Useful Links

Writing Correction

Have one of our teachers look at your Writing Task and give feedback and correction within 24 Hours

Writing Task 1

Have a look at an overview of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Tips & Tricks

Have a look at some of the important tips and tricks to get a better score at Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Grammar

Have a look at some of the grammar needed for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Vocabulary

Have a look at some of the vocabulary needed for the introduction and general overview of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Graphs

Have a look at how to deal with Graphs, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Graphs Examples

Have a look at some of the examples of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Graphs and see how other people deal with writing them.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Change

Have a look at some Graph Vocabulary to deal with Dynamic Graphs and Changes.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Numbers

Have a look at some Graph Vocabulary to deal with Graphs and Numbers.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Practice

Have a look at some exercises and practice some of the vocabulary used for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Graphs

Writing Task 1 Maps

Have a look at how to deal with Maps, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Maps Examples

Have a look at some of the examples of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps and see how other people deal with writing them.

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary

Have a look at some of the vocabulary used for Academic Writing Task 1 Maps

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary Practice

Have a look at some exercises and practice some of the vocabulary used for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps

Writing Task 1 Processes

Have a look at how to deal with Processes, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Processes Examples

Writing task 2.

Have a look at an overview of IELTS Writing Task 2 and how to deal with it.

If you have any questions on the examples or on the Process question, just leave us a comment.

Can't find what you need?

Ask our teachers.

Why choose us
How We Achieve
Our Materials
Terms of service
Privacy Policy
Cookie Policy
Speaking Correction
One-to-One Courses
Group Courses
Pronunciation
General Overview
General Task 1
General Task 2
Academic Overview
Academic Task 1
Academic Task 2

IELTS is a registered trademark of University of Cambridge, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia. This site and its owners are not affiliated, approved or endorsed by the University of Cambridge ESOL, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia. The information on this site is for information purposes only.

Online IELTS class Speaking Practice Part 1

Can’t find what you need? Ask our teachers:

Academic IELTS Writing Task 1: how to answer a diagram on hydroelectric power generation and supply; with discussion, analysis of the picture; tips & model answer

This IELTS Writing post focuses on a discussion on a diagram on hydroelectric power generation and supply . This is a post-on-demand from some candidates who find writing answer to the diagram very confusing to answer. I’ve included a short discussion/ analysis on the picture and written a short sample answer for you. You’ll also find some tips to answer the question effectively. Writing an answer to a diagram is quite easy if you are careful to analyze the picture and to use proper connecting devices / linking devices.

Let’s have a look at the question title and the picture.

You should spend around 20 minutes on this task.

The diagram shows how hydro-electric power is generated and supplied to different places.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features.

Write at least 150 words.

Academic IELTS Writing Task 1: how to answer a diagram on hydroelectric power generation and supply; with discussion, analysis of the picture; tips & model answer

Tips for answering this diagram:

When answering a process diagram, the first thing you should do is to mark the diagram and take some notes with your pencil. This will make your plan to write the answer easily.
When writing, be careful about your paragraphing. You do not need 4 or 5 paragraphs; only 3 paragraphs will do. Here is a writing structure that you can follow:
Remember to use some linking devices to describe the diagram so that the writing flows smoothly.
Revise your answer once you finish writing; this will give you the advantage of finding your mistakes and correct them which is essential to improve your score.

Now, let’s have a look at the model answer that I’ve prepared for this picture.

Model answer:

The diagram illustrates the process of producing electrical power using water. Overall, the process involves several stages that initiates with the evaporation of seawater and culminates in supplying electricity to different locations.

The process commences when seawater evaporates to form a small cloud as the effect of solar heat. Once the cloud produces rainfall in the land area, some of the water is collected in a reservoir linked with a dam and pipelines. In the subsequent stages, the valve of the dam is released that causes a large amount of water flow to the turbine section below the reservoir. Here, the turbine rotates to produce the electrical current. Passing through the turbine, the water is pumped back to the reservoir and this process continues as a cycle.

The electricity produced in the turbine section is transferred to the transformer station through high voltage cables. Afterward, the station, which is responsible for the delivery, supplies the produced electric current to houses/apartments, nuclear plants, and hospitals/schools through underground cables.

(167 words)

Here are some other diagrams that you can practice:

Flow-chart on sweater manufacturing

Process diagram on olive oil production

Two maps showing changes in an industrial village

Two maps showing changes in a town

Life cycle diagram on tuna fish

Life cycle diagram on silkworm moth

Cycle diagram on water movement

Diagram on water contamination

If you like this post, please make comments below. You can also provide your opinions or ask relevant questions on Writing Task 1.

IELTS Writing Task 2: Agree disagree topic on using forensics to solve old cases; with 3 model answers

This IELTS Writing Task 2 post offers some sample answers to an agree-disagree topic. This agree-disagree topic asks the candidates to provide arguments as to whether new science related to criminal forensics should be used to look at old cases or not. In this post, you will find three great model answers which may help […]

IELTS Writing Task 2: an advantage-disadvantage essay on taking a gap year before starting university education; with plans and model answer

This IELTS Writing Task 2 post offers the insights of writing a great answer to an advantage-disadvantage essay. This task 2 question asks the candidates to provide their personal opinions on taking a gap year before starting university education. In this post, you will find a plan that can help you to write this answer […]

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram with Sample Answer

Post author By IELTSAcademic
Post date March 11, 2012
22 Comments on IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram with Sample Answer

IELTS Writing Task 1: Question

Try this process diagram question about the manmade process of hydroelectricity.

The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam. Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works.

IELTS Writing Task 1: Model Answer

First of all, water trapped in the reservoir behind the dam is forced through an intake. It then flows into a narrow chamber called a penstock, where the resulting high pressure turns a turbine. The turbine is connected to a generator in the powerhouse above, and this is where the movement of the turbine is converted into electricity. The resulting electricity leaves the powerhouse via cables that carry it over long distances to where it can be used.

It is interesting to note that a hydroelectric dam creates no harmful byproducts and relies entirely on natural forces to produce electricity. After the turbine stage, water flows out through a second channel and into a river. The process is renewable, thanks to the water cycle in nature.

(163 words, IELTS 8.0)

Why does this Task 1 answer get an IELTS Band 8 score?

Task achievement: The introduction paraphrases the question and describes the constituent parts of the process. The body describes each stage of the process in sequence.

Coherence and cohesion: The model answer has an introduction, body and conclusion. Sequencing expressions such as first of all , then and after are used appropriately. The articles a and the are used effectively to introduce and refer back to different elements of the process.

Lexical resource: The labels in the diagram are well integrated into the model answer and appropriate verbs such as converted , flows and leaves are used throughout. Less-common words such as byproducts and renewable are introduced by the writer. Spelling is always accurate.

Grammatical range and accuracy: The writer uses the present simple tense and has good control of subject-verb agreement and active/passive forms. A good balance of simple and complex sentences is used throughout.

Teacher’s Notes

88.The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant

Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Writing9 with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.

Check your IELTS essay »
Find essays with the same topic
View collections of IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 Samples
Show IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 Topics

These days Internet has brought a revolution in the world. what are the advantages and disadvantages of internet?

Some people think that giving aid to the poor countries has more negative impacts than positive ones. to what extent do you agree or disagree, governments should spend money on railways rather than roads. to what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement, some people believe that it is good to share as much information as possible in scientific research, business and the academic world. others believe that some information is too important or too valuable to be shared freely. discuss both these views and give your own opinion., the diagram below shows two different processes for manufacturing black tea..

The diagram below shows two different processes for manufacturing black tea.

IELTS SIMULATOR

Ielts writing – how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. s20at1, ielts writing.

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

IELTS SIMULATOR FREE ONLINE ACADEMIC WRITING – how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. S20AT1 COMPUTER DELIVERED IELTS SIMULATION

Attempt full writing test…

IELTS Report About Generation of Hydroelectricity

by Manjusha Nambiar · Published November 22, 2019 · Updated April 15, 2024

Need help with IELTS writing? Get your reports, letters and essays corrected by me.

Sample report

The figure illustrates the process of production of electricity from water in a hydroelectric power station. There are a number of stations through which water from the river passes to generate the current which is supplied throughout the country. Firstly, river water is collected in a high-level reservoir with a dam. During the day time, it is open and the water flows along the slope from the dam to the power station. Then in the generator, water is passed through the reversible turbines and power is generated which gets supplied to the national grid through the power lines. The water utilised for producing power is then sent to the low level reservoir during the day. Then, during the night time the water stored in the low-level reservoir is reverted to the power station and the turbines of the generator pump it back into the high-level reservoir which is closed during the night. In conclusion, the electrical current is generated from the water flowing in the river during the day time, which is pumped back in the high level reservoir at night.

Tags: ielts writing task ielts writing task 1 task 1 academic reports task 1 ielts reports

Manjusha Nambiar

Hi, I'm Manjusha. This is my blog where I give IELTS preparation tips.

Next story More And More People Are Becoming Seriously Overweight
Previous story 6 Things International Students Should Know About the IELTS Exam

IELTS Writing Task 1: Hydroelectric Dam Process Diagram

06/20/2021 01:29 PM

"The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam."

"Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant."

Write at least 150 words.

Before you begin make sure you know the right structure for writing Task 1-Diagram. The structure you should use for a diagram is as shown on the picture to the right.

Introduct ion . Here you just paraphrase (say with different words) the task prompt.
Process . The main point of the diagram is to present the correct process shown on the picture. You need to find the first step, the second step and so on until the final point of the diagram. You need to use different linking phrases to connect the different parts of the picture. You can see some of the phrases to the right.

Length: No more than 170 words and no less than 150.

The first step for you is to analyze the diagram and make a plan on how are you going to follow it. Most of the time the diagrams have a very clear step 1 and a very clear ending.

The diagram has difficult vocabulary labeled on, and you can use it in your writing. (reservoir, intake, penstock, turbine, etc.)

Sometimes the diagrams can be confusing. Make sure you practice more difficult and confusing ones.

In this diagram we can see:

Step 1 - Water enters the machine from left to right. This means we should follow the picture from top left to right.

Step 2 - At point 5 you can choose if you continue first to point 6 or point 7-8. It doesn't matter.

Step 3 - What is the product in the end? What is the end result? ( Electricity )

Example Answer:

Introduction:.

The illustration given presents how a hydroelectric power plant creates and distributes energy.

The illustration given presents...

hydroelectric dam - hydroelectric power plant

generate - create

The first step of this process begins at the top left of the picture in a reservoir. The water contained there goes through an intake located under the dam thanks to the weight of its pressure . It passes through a penstock and reaches a turbine. Once it reaches the turbine, it turns it on and what follows is the water going away through a canal directly into the river on the other side. Back at the turbine, the energy created from the spinning movement goes to a generator located into a powerhouse directly above. The generator is connected to the power grid with power lines. In turn the energy passes on long distance power lines and enters the electrical grid system of a city. This is how renewable hydroelectric power is created at a river dam .

The first step of this process begins at...

Once it reaches...

and what follows is...

Back at the...

In turn the...

enters the...

This is how...

hydroelectric dam - river dam, power station, electrical power station, electrical station

electricity - power, energy, power grid, the grid

A Beginner’s Guide to IELTS
Common Grammar Mistakes [for IELTS Writing Candidates]

Writing Correction Service

Free IELTS Resources
Practice Speaking Test

Select Page

How to Describe a Process Diagram [IELTS Writing Task 1]

Posted by David S. Wills | Jul 9, 2019 | IELTS Tips , Writing | 0

In the IELTS writing exam, you may be required to describe a process diagram. This will be part of writing task 1, a section in which you might normally expect to encounter a line graph, bar chart, or table.

Describing a process diagram might fill you with fear, but you shouldn’t worry too much. They always look much more difficult than they really are. While process diagrams may seem much harder than line graphs or bar charts, they are usually quite simple, and if you can avoid panicking, you should be able to write a strong essay.

In today’s lesson, I’m going to show you a step-by-step guide to describing process diagrams for IELTS.

Analyse the Question

First of all, as with any IELTS writing question, you must take a few minutes to analyse the question before you begin writing. Let’s look at an example question:

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and making comparisons where relevant.

Here is the diagram:

ielts writing process diagram hydroelectric power

And here is how it will look on the exam paper:

So what do you need to do? The question tells us in pretty simple terms what the diagram is about, so we should read that first. In this case, it is all about generating (making) electricity. We can see from the picture that this is done using water (hydroelectric power).

Identify the Stages

When you are analysing the diagram, it is important to break it into different stages and put them in the correct order. Sometimes this is very easy… but sometimes it can be a little difficult. Looking at our example diagram from above, we can identify the following stages:

Water flows from river into reservoir
Water flows through intake to power station
Turbines turn to generate electricity
Electricity sent to national grid via power lines
Water flows into lower level reservoir
Water returns back to upper level at night

You might want to label the diagram this way:

Note that the order of events is not always 100% clear, and sometimes two or more things may happen at the same time. In the above example, I have listed #4 and #5 separately, even though they basically happen together. I did this because in my description I would like to link the electricity generator to the power lines because I feel that this is a logical connection. The excess water is more incidental, and would then be mentioned after.

Finding the Right Vocabulary

Many students panic when they see a process diagram because they think that there will be some complicated vocabulary that is needed. For example, there are sometimes diagrams about complex industrial or ecological processes… Can you imagine how difficult those would be to describe?!?!

Well, actually they are not that difficult. In fact, process diagrams usually contain most of the vocabulary that you need to describe them within the diagram. You just need to make some small alterations to the grammar.

Check out this video about how to describe a process diagram using the vocabulary included on the diagram:

Going back to our example from above, we can see that there is already a lot of information in the diagram, and we can use this to describe the process without having to rely on our own knowledge. (Let’s face it, most people don’t know the precise language required to talk about hydroelectric dams.)

We can see that the words “generate” and “generator” are already included on the diagram, and these are key to understanding what is happening. Another word, “flow” is written on the diagram, and this refers to the movement of water.

In order to avoid repetition, you might want to think of synonyms of these words:

It is worth noting that “pump” is not exactly a synonym of “flow,” but it can contextually have a similar meaning when considering this diagram. You can also think of antonyms (words with the opposite meaning). An antonym of “flow” is “hold back.” You can see how I have used these words in my sample answer below.

Grammar for IELTS Writing Task 1

Your grammar must be very precise in IELTS writing task 1. When it comes to process diagrams and maps , you should be especially careful about article use. Remember that the reader should be able to visualise the image from your description, so you need to imagine that they cannot see it.

Considering that, you must use “a” when you first introduce something and then later use “the” to refer back to it. That’s because it is an unknown thing first but later it is known. This is explained in depth in this video lesson:

Passive Voice

While the passive voice is not very common in English, it is extremely common when people describe process diagrams for IELTS. This is because the passive voice is used when we don’t know who or what is doing an action, or don’t need to say. It is also useful when we put emphasis on the object of an action. For all those reasons, we really need it for this sort of task.

For example, rather than saying “______ generates electricity,” we can instead say, “Electricity is generated.” This is useful because we don’t know who is operating the power station, and we are not allowed to guess at this sort of thing in IELTS. If we wanted to include the fact that the process results in the generation of electricity, we could say it in one of two ways:

The flow of water through a dam generates electricity.
Electricity is generated by the flow of water through a dam.

The second one is passive voice, and it puts emphasis on the result, which can be more useful, especially if we are focusing on this in the introduction to our essay.

Here is another example:

A dam holds water back from its natural course.
The water is held back from its natural course by a dam.

Again, the second example is passive and puts emphasis on the water, which may be more important in that context. It also adds a degree of formality, as passive structures are a feature of formal writing.

Sometimes we can mix active and passive voice to give some diversity to our language:

The water flows into a lower reservoir, but at night it is pumped back up through the system to the upper reservoir.

The first example is active and the second is passive. In the first example, the water is more important than the reservoir, and having an active structure shows the relationship more clearly. Water —-> reservoir. In the second, we don’t need to say what is pumping the water, and we want the water to be more important, so we use passive voice.

Here is a video about using the passive voice in IELTS writing task 1:

Sample Answer

Here is my sample answer to the question and diagram above:

The diagram depicts a hydroelectric power station, and shows how electricity is generated by the flow of water through a dam and other component parts. Ultimately, water flows from one reservoir to another, producing electricity that is sent to the national grid. Firstly, water enters a reservoir from a river. The water is held back from its natural course by a dam, underneath which there is an intake pipe that is open during the day and closed at night. During the daytime, water flows down, via gravity, to the power station, which is housed below the dam. In the power station, the flowing water spins a generator, which produces an electrical current that is then distributed via power lines to the national grid. Once the water has generated this electricity, it flows into a lower reservoir, but at night it is pumped back up through the system to the upper reservoir, ready to begin the process again the following day.

About The Author

David S. Wills

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

Find Out Your IELTS Writing Score

July 4, 2020

How to Write an IELTS Essay [Task 2]

March 30, 2019

Planning IELTS Writing Task 2 Structure

April 9, 2017

Describe a Foreign Country: Speaking Part 2

February 22, 2018

Download my IELTS Books

Hydroelectric Power Reading Answers

Updated On Feb 20, 2023

Share on Whatsapp

Share on Email

Share on Linkedin

Recent IELTS Reading Test with Answers - Free PDF

This article contains the Hydroelectric Power reading answers.

Hydroelectric Power is a real Reading test passage that appeared in the IELTS.

With diligent practice, the Reading Module can be the top-scoring category for IELTS Aspirants. To score well, you must understand how to approach and answer the different question types in the Reading Module.

By solving and reviewing Sample Reading Questions from past IELTS papers, you can ensure that your Reading skills are up to the mark. Take the practice test Diabetes below and try more IELTS reading practice tests from IELTSMaterial.com.

Not sure how to answer IELTS Reading True/False/Not Given questions? Check out the video below for the latest tips and strategies!

For more True/False/Not Given Questions practice, take a look at IELTS Reading – True, False, Not Given – Example 1 !

Hydroelectric Power

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below. Find the practice test with the Hydroelectric Power PDF here.

Check More IELTS Reading Answers

Also check :

True False Not Given IELTS Reading
IELTS Reading recent actual test
Tips to Improve IELTS Reading Skills
IELTS Academic Reading test papers with answers pdf

Practice IELTS Reading based on question types

Start Preparing for IELTS: Get Your 10-Day Study Plan Today!

Janice Thompson

Soon after graduating with a Master’s in Literature from Southern Arkansas University, she joined an institute as an English language trainer. She has had innumerous student interactions and has produced a couple of research papers on English language teaching. She soon found that non-native speakers struggled to meet the English language requirements set by foreign universities. It was when she decided to jump ship into IELTS training. From then on, she has been mentoring IELTS aspirants. She joined IELTSMaterial about a year ago, and her contributions have been exceptional. Her essay ideas and vocabulary have taken many students to a band 9.

Explore other Reading Topics

The Awesome Banana- IELTS Reading Answers

Raajdeep Saha

Trans Fatty Acids- IELTS Reading Answers

Kasturika Samanta

Post your Comments

Our Offices

Gurgaon city scape, gurgaon bptp.

Step 1 of 3

Great going .

Get a free session from trainer

Have you taken test before?

Please select any option

Get free eBook to excel in test

Please enter Email ID

Get support from an Band 9 trainer

Please enter phone number

Already Registered?

Select a date

Please select a date

Select a time (IST Time Zone)

Please select a time

Mark Your Calendar: Free Session with Expert on

Which exam are you preparing?

Great Going!

Hydroelectric Power Reading Ielts Answers and Questions

The Blog post contains the following IELTS Reading Questions :

IELTS Reading True, false, or not given
IELTS Reading Sentence Completion
IELTS Reading Short answer question.

Stay informed and prepared for success – Explore our comprehensive Reading Test Info page to get valuable insights, exam format details, and expert tips for mastering the IELTS Reading section .

IELTS Reading Passage – Hydroelectric Power

Hydroelectric Power

1.Hydroelectric power is America’s leading renewable energy resource. Of all the renewable power sources, it’s the most reliable, efficient, and economical. Water is needed to run a hydroelectric generating unit. It’s held in a reservoir or lake behind a dam, and the force of the water being released from the reservoir through the dam spins the blades of a turbine. The turbine is connected to the generator that produces electricity. After passing through the turbine, the water re-enters the river on the downstream side of the dam.

2.Hydroelectric plants convert the kinetic energy within falling water into electricity. The energy in moving water is produced in the sun, and consequently is continually being renewed. The energy in sunlight evaporates water from the seas and deposits it on land as rain. Land elevation differences result in rainfall runoff, and permit some of the original solar energy to be harnessed as hydroelectric power. Hydroelectric power is at present the earth’s chief renewable electricity source, generating 6% of global energy and about 15% of worldwide electricity.Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. Usually regarded as an inexpensive and clean source of electricity, most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people.

3.The earliest recorded use of water power was a clock, constructed around 250 BC. Since then, people have used falling water to supply power for grain and saw mills, as well as a host of other uses. The earliest use of flowing water to generate electricity was a waterwheel on the Fox River in Wisconsin in 1882.

4.The first hydroelectric power plants were much more dependable and efficient than the plants of the day that were fired by fossil fuels. This led to a rise in the number of small to medium sized hydroelectric generating plants located wherever there was an adequate supply of falling water and a need for electricity. As demand for electricity soared in the middle years of the 20th century, and the effectiveness of coal and oil power plants improved, small hydro plants became less popular. The majority of new hydroelectric developments were focused on giant mega- projects.

5.Hydroelectric plants harness energy by passing flowing water through a turbine. The water turbine rotation is delivered to a generator, which generates electricity. The quantity of electricity that can be produced at a hydroelectric plant relies upon two variables. These variables are (1) the vertical distance that the water falls, called the “head”, and (2) the flow rate, calculated as volume over time. The amount of electricity that is produced is thus proportional to the head product and the flow rate.

6.So, hydroelectric power stations can normally be separated into two kinds. The most widespread are “high head” plants and usually employ a dam to stock up water at an increased height. They also store water at times of rain and discharge it during dry times. This results in reliable and consistent electricity generation, capable of meeting demand since flow can be rapidly altered. At times of excess electrical system capacity, usually available at night, these plants can also pump water from one reservoir to another at a greater height. When there is peak electrical demand, the higher reservoir releases water through the turbines to the lower reservoir.

“Low head” hydroelectric plants usually exploit heads of just a few metres or less. These types of power stations use a weir or low dam to channel water, or no dam at all and merely use the river flow. Unfortunately, their electricity production capacity fluctuates with seasonal water flow in a river.

7.Until only recently people believed almost universally that hydroelectric power was an environmentally safe and clean means of generating electricity. Hydroelectric stations do not release any of the usual atmospheric pollutants emitted by power plants fuelled by fossil fuels so they do not add to global warming or acid rain. Nevertheless, recent studies of the larger reservoirs formed behind dams have implied that decomposing, flooded vegetation could give off greenhouse gasses equal to those from other electricity sources.

8.The clearest result of hydroelectric dams is the flooding of huge areas of land. The reservoirs built can be exceptionally big and they have often flooded the lands of indigenous peoples and destroyed their way of life. Numerous rare ecosystems are also endangered by hydroelectric power plant development.

9.Damming rivers may also change the quantity and quality of water in the rivers below the dams, as well as stopping fish migrating upstream to spawn. In addition, silt, usually taken downstream to the lower parts of a river, is caught by a dam and so the river downstream loses the silt that should fertilise the river’s flood plains during high water periods.

10.Theoretical global hydroelectric power is approximately four times larger than the amount that has been taken advantage of today. Most of the residual hydro potential left in the world can be found in African and Asian developing countries. Exploiting this resource would involve an investment of billions of dollars, since hydroelectric plants normally have very high building costs. Low head hydro capacity facilities on small scales will probably increase in the future as low head turbine research, and the standardisation of turbine production, reduce the costs of low head hydro-electric power production. New systems of control and improvements in turbines could lead in the future to more electricity created from present facilities. In addition, in the 1950’s and 60’s when oil and coal prices were very low, lots of smaller hydroelectric plants were closed down. Future increases in the prices of fuel could lead to these places being renovated.

Unlock your full potential in the IELTS Reading section – Visit our IELTS Reading Practice Question Answer page now!

Hydroelectric Power Reading Questions

Questions 1–5:

Read the passage about Hydroelectric Power again and look at the statements below. In boxes 01 – 05 on your answer sheet write:

TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage.

1.Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today. 2.Early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry. 3.The first hydroelectric power stations were more effective than those using competing energy sources. 4.People have been drowned by the flooding of their traditional territory when reservoirs are created. 5.Nowadays, agriculture below hydroelectric dams is not affected by the change in water flow.

Enhance your skills in identifying information as True, False, or Not Given . Click here to discover expert strategies and techniques for mastering this question type in the IELTS Reading section.

Questions 6–9:

Complete each of the following statements with words taken from the Reading Passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet.The origin of hydroelectric power is the6. __________ produced when water obeys the laws of gravity. How far water drops to the turbines in a power station is known as 7.__________A drawback to the low head hydroelectric power stations is that they depend on 8.__________.Derelict hydroelectric power stations could be9. __________ in the future.

Enhance your sentence completion skills in the IELTS Reading section. Click here to access our comprehensive guide and learn effective strategies for filling in missing words or phrases in sentences.

Questions 10 – 13:

Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the Reading Passage, answer the following questions. Write your answers in boxes 10 – 13 on your answer sheet.

10.What proportion of the world’s electricity supply is provided by hydroelectric power? 11.How is the flow rate of a hydroelectric power station quantified? 12.When do high head power plants use surplus electricity to transfer water to a second reservoir? 13.What underwater action can lead to the production of pollution similar to that produced by fossil fuel power stations?

Hydroelectric Power Reading Answers

1. Answer: Not given 2. Answer: True 3. Answer: True 4. Answer: Not given 5. Answer: False 6. Answer: Kinetic energy 7. Answer: The head 8. Answer:Seasonal water flow. 9. Answer: Renovated. 10. Answer: 15% 11. Answer: Volume over time. 12. Answer: At night 13. Answer: Decomposing flooded vegetation

We hope you found this post useful in helping you to study for the IELTS Test . If you have any questions please let us know in the comments below or on the Facebook page.

The best way to keep up to date with posts like this is to like us on Facebook , then follow us on Instagram and Pinterest . If you need help preparing for the IELTS Test, join the IELTS Achieve Academy and see how we can assist you to achieve your desired band score. We offer an essay correction service, mock exams and online courses.

Latchkey Children Reading Ielts Answers and Questions

The Blog post contains the following IELTS Reading Questions: IELTS Reading Passage – Latchkey Children Latchkey…

Scratching The Surface Answers and Questions

The Blog post contains the following IELTS Reading Questions: IELTS Scratching the Surface Reading Passage…

Hydroelectric Power – IELTS Academic Reading Passage

Hydroelectric power is America’s leading renewable energy resource. Of all the renewable power sources, it’s the most reliable, efficient, and economical. Water is needed to run a hydroelectric generating unit. It’s held in a reservoir or lake behind a dam, and the force of the water being released from the reservoir through the dam spins the blades of a turbine. The turbine is connected to the generator that produces electricity. After passing through the turbine, the water re-enters the river on the downstream side of the dam.

Hydroelectric plants convert the kinetic energy within falling water into electricity. The energy in moving water is produced in the sun, and consequently is continually being renewed. The energy in sunlight evaporates water from the seas and deposits it on land as rain. Land elevation differences result in rainfall runoff, and permit some of the original solar energy to be harnessed as hydroelectric power. Hydroelectric power is at present the earth’s chief renewable electricity source, generating 6% of global energy and about 15% of worldwide electricity. Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. Usually regarded as an inexpensive and clean source of electricity, most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people.

The earliest recorded use of water power was a clock, constructed around 250 BC. Since then, people have used falling water to supply power for grain and saw mills, as well as a host of other uses. The earliest use of flowing water to generate electricity was a waterwheel on the Fox River in Wisconsin in 1882.

The first hydroelectric power plants were much more dependable and efficient than the plants of the day that were fired by fossil fuels. This led to a rise in number of small to medium sized hydroelectric generating plants located wherever there was an adequate supply of falling water and a need for electricity. As demand for electricity soared in the middle years of the 20th century, and the effectiveness of coal and oil power plants improved, small hydro plants became less popular. The majority of new hydroelectric developments were focused on giant megaprojects.

Hydroelectric plants harness energy by passing flowing water through a turbine. The water turbine rotation is delivered to a generator, which generates electricity. The quantity of electricity that can be produced at a hydroelectric plant relies upon two variables. These variables are (1) the vertical distance that the water falls, called the “head”, and (2) the flow rate, calculated as volume over time. The amount of electricity that is produced is thus proportional to the head product and the flow rate.

So, hydroelectric power stations can normally be separated into two kinds. The most widespread are “high head” plants and usually employ a dam to stock up water at an increased height. They also store water at times of rain and discharge it during dry times. This results in reliable and consistent electricity generation, capable of meeting demand since flow can be rapidly altered. At times of excess electrical system capacity, usually available at night, these plants can also pump water from one reservoir to another at a greater height. When there is peak electrical demand, the higher reservoir releases water through the turbines to the lower reservoir.

“Low head” hydroelectric plants usually exploit heads of just a few meters or less. These types of power station use a weir or low dam to channel water, or no dam at all and merely use the river flow. Unfortunately their electricity production capacity fluctuates with seasonal water flow in a river.

Until only recently people believed almost universally that hydroelectric power was an environmentally safe and clean means of generating electricity. Hydroelectric stations do not release any of the usual atmospheric pollutants emitted by power plants fuelled by fossil fuels so they do not add to global warming or acid rain. Nevertheless, recent studies of the larger reservoirs formed behind dams have implied that decomposing, flooded vegetation could give off greenhouse gases equal to those from other electricity sources.

The clearest result of hydroelectric dams is the flooding of huge areas of land. The reservoirs built can be exceptionally big and they have often flooded the lands of indigenous peoples and destroyed their way of life. Numerous rare ecosystems are also endangered by hydroelectric power plant development.

Damming rivers may also change the quantity and quality of water in the rivers below the dams, as well as stopping fish migrating upstream to spawn. In addition, silt, usually taken downstream to the lower parts of a river, is caught by a dam and so the river downstream loses the silt that should fertilize the river’s flood plains during high water periods.

Theoretical global hydroelectric power is approximately four times larger than the amount that has been taken advantage of today. Most of the residual hydro potential left in the world can be found in African and Asian developing countries. Exploiting this resource would involve an investment of billions of dollars, since hydroelectric plants normally have very high building costs. Low head hydro capacity facilities on small scales will probably increase in the future as low head turbine research, and the standardization of turbine production, reduce the costs of low head hydro-electric power production. New systems of control and improvements in turbines could lead in the future to more electricity created from present facilities. In addition, in the 1950’s and 60’s when oil and coal prices were very low, lots of smaller hydroelectric plants were closed down. Future increases in the prices of fuel could lead to these places being renovated.

Questions 28-32 Read the passage about Hydroelectric Power again and look at the statements below. In boxes 28 – 32 on your answer sheet write:

TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

28 Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today. 29 An early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry. 30 The first hydroelectric power stations were more effective than those using competing energy sources. 31 People have been drowned by the flooding of their traditional territory when reservoirs are created. 32 Nowadays, agriculture below hydroelectric dams is not affected by the change in water flow.

Questions 33-36 Complete each of the following statements (Questions 33 – 36) with words taken from Reading Passage 3. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

33 The origin of hydroelectric power is the…………………………produced when water obeys the laws of gravity. 34 How far water drops to the turbines in a power station is known as……………………………. 35 A drawback to low head hydroelectric power stations is that they depend on…………………. 36 Derelict hydroelectric power stations could be……………………….in the future.

Questions 37-40 Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 3, answer the following questions.

37 What proportion of the world’s electricity supply is provided by hydroelectric power? 38 How is the flow rate of a hydroelectric power station quantified? 39 When do high head power plants use surplus electricity to transfer water to a second reservoir? 40 What underwater action can lead to the production of pollution similar to that produced by fossil fuel power stations?

Activities for children: ielts academic reading sample question.

Activities for Children A Twenty-five years ago, children in London walked to school and played in parks and playing fields after school and at…

A GUIDE TO WOMENOMICS: IELTS Academic Reading Sample Question

The passage contains following question types from IELTS Reading Question Types: Matching Headings Multiple Choice Question. A Guide To Womenomics You should spend about 20…

IELTSData Reading Test 16 Hydroelectric Power IELTS Reading Sample

Hydroelectric Power

Also, Read IELTS Reading Test Academic 255 – Company Innovation

Questions 28 – 32

Read the passage about Hydroelectric Power again and look at the statements below. In boxes 28 – 32 on your answer sheet write :

TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

28 Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today.

29 An early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry.

30 The first hydroelectric power stations were more effective than those using competing energy sources.

31 People have been drowned by the flooding of their traditional territory when reservoirs are created.

32 Nowadays, agriculture below hydroelectric dams is not affected by the change in water flow.

Questions 33 – 36

Complete each of the following statements (Questions 33 – 36) with words taken from

Reading Passage 3.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 33 – 36 on your answer sheet.

33 The origin of hydroelectric power is the __________ produced when water obeys the laws of gravity. 34 How far water drops to the turbines in a power station is known as __________. 35 A drawback to low head hydroelectric power stations is that they depend on __________. 36 Derelict hydroelectric power stations could be __________ in the future.

Questions 37 – 40

Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 3, answer the following questions.

Write your answers in boxes 37 – 40 on your answer sheet.

37 What proportion of the world’s electricity supply is provided by hydroelectric power? 38 How is the flow rate of a hydroelectic power station quantified? 39 When do high head power plants use surplus electricity to transfer water to a second reservoir? 40 What underwater action can lead to the production of pollution similar to that produced by fossil fuel power stations?

28. NOT GIVEN

29 true 30. TRUE 31. NOT GIVEN 32. FALSE 33. Kinetic energy 34. The head 35. Seasonal water flow 36. Renovated 37. 15%

38. Volume over time 39. At night

40. Decomposing flooded vegetation

Manpreet Singh

Hello, I'm Manpreet Singh, and it's my pleasure to welcome you to IELTSdata.org. For over a decade, I have had the privilege of guiding thousands of students and professionals like you on their journey to achieve their desired scores in the IELTS exam. My passion for teaching and my dedication to the English language have been the driving forces behind our platform, and it's an honor to share this journey with you.

3 thoughts on “IELTSData Reading Test 16 Hydroelectric Power IELTS Reading Sample”

Hi! This is Krishna. Please clarify the answer 30. I didn’t find timber industry in paragraph then how you justify the answer true

grain AND SAW MILLS ARE RELATED TO TIMBER INDUSTRY

please clarify the answer 36 . i can not in this passage

Russia Bombs Power Plants and Ukraine Targets Refineries in Dueling Attacks

As missiles caused extensive damage to Ukraine’s power grid, Kyiv continued drone assaults inside Russia that have drawn criticism from Washington.

Share full article

Several people stand on the edge of a crater in the ground beside a damaged building.

By Marc Santora

Reporting from Kyiv, Ukraine

As Russian missiles streaked through the skies above Ukraine before dawn on Saturday, once again targeting the nation’s already battered energy grid in a broad and complex bombardment, Ukrainian drones were flying in the other direction, taking aim at vital oil and gas refineries and other targets inside Russia.

The Ukrainian Air Force said its air defense teams had intercepted 21 of the 34 Russian cruise and ballistic missiles fired from land, air and sea-based systems, but the attack caused extensive damage to four thermal power plants and other critical parts of the power grid in three regions.

Russia’s Ministry of Defense said it had shot down 66 Ukrainian drones over the Krasnodar region, which is just across the Kerch Strait in southern Russia, east of the occupied Crimean Peninsula.

Veniamin Kondratyev, the head of the regional government, said the Ukrainian drones had targeted two oil refineries, a bitumen plant, and a military airfield in Kuban.

The Security Service of Ukraine, known as the S.B.U., said the Ukrainian military operation had targeted the Kushchevsk airfield and the Ilsky and Slavyansk oil refineries. The airfield housed “dozens of military aircraft, radars and electronic warfare devices,” the agency said in a statement, adding, “The S.B.U. continues to effectively target military and infrastructural facilities behind enemy lines, reducing Russia’s potential for waging war.”

The Kremlin tightly controls information about Ukrainian attacks, often making it difficult to assess their impact, and it was unclear how much damage the drone strikes caused.

Russia has also outlawed criticism of its war effort, aggressively stifling any voice deemed critical of the military and arresting hundreds of people as part of a widespread crackdown on dissent. On Friday, the Russian authorities arrested a journalist from the Russian edition of Forbes magazine, Sergei Mingazov, for reposting information on social media at the outset of the war about Russian atrocities, according to Russian officials and his lawyer, Konstantin Bubon.

Although the Russian authorities routinely deny or play down the impact of Ukrainian strikes inside Russia, the attacks on oil and gas facilities have been hard to hide. Britain’s military intelligence agency estimated last month that such strikes had disrupted at least 10 percent of Russia’s oil refinery capacity. On March 1, the Kremlin imposed a six-month ban on gasoline exports in what appeared to be an effort to avoid shortages and prevent spikes in domestic prices.

Ukraine has vowed to increase attacks inside Russia, using its expanding fleet of domestically produced long-range attack drones, even as the strikes on oil and gas infrastructure have stoked tensions between Kyiv and Washington. The Biden administration has publicly condemned the attacks, worried that they could lead to even greater Russian retaliation and drive up prices in global energy markets.

“Those attacks could have a knock-on effect in terms of the global energy situation,” the American defense secretary, Lloyd J. Austin III, told Congress this month. “Ukraine is better served in going after tactical and operational targets that can directly influence the current fight.”

The Biden administration’s stance is out of step with other allies, who have supported Kyiv’s use of its domestically produced weapons to go after what Ukraine considers legitimate military targets.

About a third of Russia’s national budget comes from oil and gas, and Ukrainian officials have said that attacks on the facilities strike at the heart of the Kremlin’s wartime economy. They also hope, over time, to undermine Russia’s ability to wage war, since refined oil products such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuel are essential for keeping any large army moving.

“Ukraine has the right to strike legitimate military targets outside the territory of their country to defend itself,” Jens Stoltenberg, the NATO secretary general, said this month when asked about strikes on Russian oil and gas facilities.

But the Russian strikes on Ukraine’s energy grid are also taking a growing toll as Moscow seeks to undermine Ukraine’s domestic arms industry, throttle its economy, deepen the suffering of millions of civilians and undermine the state’s ability to function.

Since resuming large-scale bombardments on power production facilities in late March, Russia has focused many of the attacks on thermal and hydro power plants, which are important in keeping the overall system in balance during peak periods of usage.

Before Saturday’s attack, Russia had already destroyed 80 percent of Ukraine’s thermal power generation capacity, energy officials said. The extent of the damage after the latest bombardment was still being determined on Saturday, energy officials said, but the cumulative impact is growing and threatens to cause lasting problems.

“The large-scale damage that Russia has caused recently cannot be repaired in a few weeks or even months,” Ukraine’s prime minister, Denys Shmyhal, said in a statement, urging people “to use electricity sparingly.”

Although American military assistance is flowing into Ukraine for the first time in months, Ukraine’s air defense systems remain stretched and short on ammunition. Ukraine is particularly vulnerable to Russian ballistic missiles, which can only be routinely countered by advanced American-made Patriot batteries.

“We urgently need Patriot systems and missiles for them,” President Volodymyr Zelensky said on Friday at a virtual meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group, a consortium of about 50 nations that have provided military and humanitarian aid to Kyiv. “This is what can and should save lives right now.”

After Russia bombarded the Ukrainian energy grid in the winter of 2022-23, Kyiv’s allies supplied three Patriot batteries. But it has run low on the interceptor missiles they use. Germany has said it will supply a fourth Patriot battery soon, and Ukrainian officials are engaged in an urgent diplomatic drive to secure more of the systems and the munitions they require.

Ivan Nechepurenko contributed reporting.

Marc Santora has been reporting from Ukraine since the beginning of the war with Russia. He was previously based in London as an international news editor focused on breaking news events and earlier the bureau chief for East and Central Europe, based in Warsaw. He has also reported extensively from Iraq and Africa. More about Marc Santora

Our Coverage of the War in Ukraine

News and Analysis

The United States has accused Russia of using chemical weapons , including poison gas, “as a method of warfare” against Ukrainian forces, in violation of a global ban on the use of such weapons.

Russian troops have captured or entered around a half-dozen villages on Ukraine’s eastern front, highlighting the deteriorating situation in the region for Ukrainian forces as they wait for long-needed U.S. military aid.

Signs of Trauma: As Ukrainian prisoners of war return with physical and psychological wounds stemming from torture by their Russian captors, they are being sent back to active duty — often without adequate treatment .

Patriotism or Survival: As the war drags on, communities in western Ukraine that were steadfast in their commitment to the war effort have been shaken by the unending violence on the front line.

Resuming U.S. Military Aid: Weapons from the support package, considered “a lifeline” for Ukraine’s military , could be arriving on the battlefield within days . But experts say it could take weeks before there is a direct impact on the war . What would $60 billion buy ?

How We Verify Our Reporting

Our team of visual journalists analyzes satellite images, photographs , videos and radio transmissions to independently confirm troop movements and other details.

We monitor and authenticate reports on social media, corroborating these with eyewitness accounts and interviews. Read more about our reporting efforts .

IMAGES

IELTS Writing 1 Hydroelectric power station
ieltsanswers IELTS-task-one-academic-hydroelectric-power-station
IELTS Task 1
IELTS Writing Task 1: How electricity is generated in a hydroelectric
IELTS Writing Task 1 Sample Answer: Hydroelectric Power Station Process
Writing Task 1: How electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam

VIDEO

IELTS essay Economy vs Climate impact on people's lifestyle
hydroelectric power station #diycarfts #diycraft #diy #craftides #diyideas #diycraftworks #ideas
Block small streams to build 150V hydroelectric power plants
Renewable Energy: Topic ideas, Grammar, Vocabulary and Sample Answers
Hydro Power Plant
Construction of large capacity mini hydroelectric power plants

COMMENTS

IELTS Writing Task 1 Sample Answer: Hydroelectric Power Station Process
This is an IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer from the IELTS Cambridge 14 book of past sample tests and it is a process describing a hydroelectric power station. Interesting stuff… Processes are a bit tricky both in terms of the general overview and the structure of the writing. I find it really hard to write enough words about a process.
IELTS graph 320
Model Answer: The diagram outlines the process of electricity production in a hydroelectric power station. The process begins when the water flows from the river into a high-level reservoir and ends with the transmission of electricity to the national grid. In general, the process is broadly distributed into day and night stages with the ...
The Diagram Below Shows How Electricity Is Generated ...
Sample Essay. The diagram displays how a hydroelectric power plant produces electricity. Overall, the production of hydroelectricity is cyclical and consists of four main parts: storing water high, letting water flow downhill to generate electricity, storing water low, and pumping water back uphill for reuse. First of all, the dam stores river ...
Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9: How Electricity is Generated
The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. You can read the heaps of task 1 process diagram band 9 sample answers given in this blog. All the materials are free to use, and these are prepared by a team of generous actual ielts examiners for your help. So, all you need is just read these task 1 process diagram 9 band sample answers, and practice ...
Electricity Production in a Hydroelectric Power Station
The diagram illustrates the process of generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant. The production of hydroelectricity involves four main stages, forming a cyclical process: water storage at a high elevation, downhill water flow to generate electricity, water storage at a low elevation, and pumping water back uphill for reuse.
Writing Task 1: How electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam
Writing Task 1. The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam. Sample Answer 1. The diagram illustrates the production of power through the use of a hydroelectric dam. The process begins with water in a reservoir and ends with the transmission of power via long-distance power lines. In order to generate hydroelectricity ...
Academic IELTS Writing Task 1: Cambridge 14 Test 3 ...
This Academic IELTS Writing post focuses on a discussion on a process diagram from Cambridge 14 Test 3 on a hydroelectric power station. In this post, I've tried to analyse the picture step-by-step, wrote a model answer for you, discussed some vocabularies and gave some tips to write Task 1 answers in a better way.
IELTS Task 1
Version 1. The illustration shows the process of how electricity is produced by means of the hydroelectric power station. Overall, the first half of the cycle happens during the day when water will flow from one container to the other. During the day, the dam releases water, which is from the high-level reservoir originating from the river, and ...
Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station
The given process figure illustrates the generation of electricity in a hydroelectric power station. Overall, it can be seen that electricity is generated mostly in day hours. However, at night time, water is sent to the reservoir. The generation of current involves around seven stages. To begin with, firstly, water was transferred from the ...
Writing Task 1 Process example hydro
Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works. Example 1. Example 2. Example 3. The diagram depicts the process of electricity generation through hydroelectric power. This man-made linear process starts with the construction of a dam, creating a reservoir. From there water flows through a turbine connected ...
The Diagram Shows How Electricity Is Generated In A Hydroelectric Power
The diagram shows how a hydroelectric power station produces electricity. In order to generate electricity from water, a huge dam is built across a river to collect water. There is a power station adjacent to the dam. The water collected in the high level reservoir is pumped into the power station during the day through an opening at the bottom ...
Academic IELTS Writing Task 1: how to answer a diagram on hydroelectric
Maximize your IELTS Writing Task 1 performance with expert analysis, tips, and a model answer on the topic of "Hydroelectric Power Generation Diagram." Learn the best strategies to tackle the diagram, analyze the picture, and write an effective report. ... The electricity produced in the turbine section is transferred to the transformer station ...
IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram with Sample Answer
IELTS Writing Task 1: Model Answer. The diagram illustrates the basic principles of hydroelectric power. The process requires the construction of a large dam connected to a powerhouse. The dam creates a large reservoir and the powerhouse is where the electricity is generated. First of all, water trapped in the reservoir behind the dam is forced ...
88
88.The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant ... Writing9 was developed to check essays from the IELTS Writing Task 2 and Letters/Charts from Task 1. The service helps students practice writing ...
IELTS WRITING
IELTS WRITING - The Child of Having a Large Number of Toys S18GT2. IELTS SIMULATOR FREE ONLINE ACADEMIC WRITING - how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. S20AT1 COMPUTER DELIVERED IELTS SIMULATION.
IELTS Report About Generation of Hydroelectricity
Sample report. The figure illustrates the process of production of electricity from water in a hydroelectric power station. There are a number of stations through which water from the river passes to generate the current which is supplied throughout the country. Firstly, river water is collected in a high-level reservoir with a dam.
IELTS Writing Task 1: Hydroelectric Dam Process Diagram
Sometimes the diagrams can be confusing. Make sure you practice more difficult and confusing ones. In this diagram we can see: Step 1 - Water enters the machine from left to right. This means we should follow the picture from top left to right. Step 2 - At point 5 you can choose if you continue first to point 6 or point 7-8.
How to Describe a Process Diagram [IELTS Writing Task 1]
The diagram depicts a hydroelectric power station, and shows how electricity is generated by the flow of water through a dam and other component parts. Ultimately, water flows from one reservoir to another, producing electricity that is sent to the national grid. Firstly, water enters a reservoir from a river.
Hydroelectric Power Reading Answers
Download. This article contains the Hydroelectric Power reading answers. Hydroelectric Power is a real Reading test passage that appeared in the IELTS. With diligent practice, the Reading Module can be the top-scoring category for IELTS Aspirants. To score well, you must understand how to approach and answer the different question types in the ...
Hydroelectric Power Reading Ielts Answers and Questions
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage. 1.Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today. 2.Early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry. 3.The first hydroelectric power stations were more effective than those using competing energy sources.
Hydroelectric Power
TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage. 28 Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today. 29 An early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry. 30 The first hydroelectric power stations were more effective than those using competing energy sources. 31 People have been drowned by the ...
IELTS-task-one-academic-hydroelectric-power-station
Cambridge IELTS Book 15. CAMBRIDGE IELTS 15 REPORTS ANSWERS; CAMBRIDGE IELTS 15 LETTERS ANSWERS; CAMBRIDGE 15 IELTS BOOK TASK 2 Academic essays; CAMBRIDGE IELTS 15 General Essays Model answers; Cambridge IELTS Book 15 Speaking; Amazon My Books; Write. Writing Correction Service. Correction Samples. Sample IELTS Essays Corrected; Sample IELTS ...
How to save a pristine valley
How he had led a local movement to block Hagemann's plans for the power plant. How, after Hagemann's property was listed for $150 million, he made a lowball offer of $50 million.
How Locals Saved 'the Yosemite of South America'
Shortly after assembling the property, he and his associates proposed building a hydroelectric facility in the area. The project would have entailed the construction of a power plant on a river ...
IELTSData Reading Test 16 Hydroelectric Power IELTS Reading Sample
Reading Passage 3. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 33 - 36 on your answer sheet. 33 The origin of hydroelectric power is the _____ produced when water obeys the laws of gravity. 34 How far water drops to the turbines in a power station is known as _____. 35 A drawback to low head hydroelectric power stations is that they depend on _____. 36 ...
Russia Bombs Power Plants and Ukraine Targets Refineries in Dueling
The Ukrainian Air Force said its air defense teams had intercepted 21 of the 34 Russian cruise and ballistic missiles fired from land, air and sea-based systems, but the attack caused extensive ...

IELTS Mentor "IELTS Preparation & Sample Answer"

Nav view search

IELTS graph 320 - How electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station

IELTS Materials

Useful Links

The diagram shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric.. (Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9)

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station.

Model Answer 1 (Band 9)

Model Answer 2 (Band 9)

Model Answer 3 (Band 8)

Model Answer 4 (Band 8)

Model Answer 5 (Band 7)

Model Answer 6 (Band 7)

Model Answer 7 (Band 6.5)

Related Posts

Electricity Production in a Hydroelectric Power Station - Cambridge IELTS 10

IELTS Task 1 – Hydroelectric Power Station

Recent Posts

Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station

Sample Answer of The Diagram Below Shows How Electricity Is Generated in a Hydroelectric Power Station

About The Author

IELTS FEVER

Academic Writing Task 1 Process Questions

The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam.

Until the end of the Early Bird Special and save 45%

What our students say

Get your writing and speaking corrected

Useful Links

Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Tips & Tricks

Writing Task 1 Grammar

Writing Task 1 Vocabulary

Writing Task 1 Graphs

Writing Task 1 Graphs Examples

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Change

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Numbers

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Practice

Writing Task 1 Maps

Writing Task 1 Maps Examples

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary Practice

Writing Task 1 Processes

Writing Task 1 Processes Examples

If you have any questions on the examples or on the Process question, just leave us a comment.

Can't find what you need?

Academic IELTS Writing Task 1: how to answer a diagram on hydroelectric power generation and supply; with discussion, analysis of the picture; tips & model answer

Tips for answering this diagram:

Model answer:

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

IELTS Writing Task 2: Agree disagree topic on using forensics to solve old cases; with 3 model answers

IELTS Writing Task 2: an advantage-disadvantage essay on taking a gap year before starting university education; with plans and model answer

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram with Sample Answer

IELTS Writing Task 1: Question

IELTS Writing Task 1: Model Answer

Why does this Task 1 answer get an IELTS Band 8 score?

Teacher’s Notes

You may also like:

88.The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant

These days Internet has brought a revolution in the world. what are the advantages and disadvantages of internet?

IELTS SIMULATOR

Attempt full writing test…

IELTS Report About Generation of Hydroelectricity

Sample report

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

IELTS Writing Task 1: Hydroelectric Dam Process Diagram

Example Answer:

Writing Correction Service

How to Describe a Process Diagram [IELTS Writing Task 1]

Analyse the Question

Identify the Stages

Finding the Right Vocabulary

Grammar for IELTS Writing Task 1

Passive Voice

Sample Answer

About The Author

David S. Wills

Related Posts

Find Out Your IELTS Writing Score

How to Write an IELTS Essay [Task 2]

Planning IELTS Writing Task 2 Structure