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2023-24 University of Maryland (UMD) Supplemental Essays – Prompts and Tips

September 8, 2023

With more than 56,000 applicants per year, you might think that the University of Maryland—College Park admissions committee would want to create a fast-paced assembly line for application reviews that is 99% based on the hard numbers like GPA and SAT scores. Yet, in addition to those important data points and the 650-word Common App essay, prospective Terrapins are  also asked to complete six short “Complete this Sentence” University of Maryland supplemental essays as part of a genuinely holistic admissions process. Today, we’ll explore the UMD supplemental essays.

 (Want to learn more about How to Get Into the University of Maryland—College Park? Visit our blog entitled:  How to Get Into the University of Maryland: Admissions Data and Strategies  for all of the most recent admissions data as well as tips for gaining acceptance.)

As the University of Maryland becomes more selective—the acceptance rate was just 34% last year—applicants need to find ways to stand out from the competition. Fortunately, these six short answer essays provide just such an opportunity. Below are the UMD supplemental essays for the 2023-24 admissions cycle along with tips about how to address each one.

UMD Supplemental Essays – 2023-24 Prompts

Applicants must complete each of the following fill-in-the-blank responses in 650 characters (not words!) max each:

1) If I could travel anywhere, I would go to… (650 characters)

There’s nothing wrong with simply naming a popular and/or exotic city if you wish, but don’t feel like that is your sole option with this essay. For example, you could travel to see a particular painting in an art gallery in Finland. You could travel through time to have a conversation with 19th century women’s right’s hero Elizabeth Cady Stanton. You could travel to Montana’s Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument to dig for dinosaur fossils alongside paleontologists. There is no shortage of ways to create an answer that contains more depth and meaning than simply saying “Paris, because it has beautiful architecture.”

2) The most interesting fact I ever learned from research was… (650 characters)

“But wait, I’m a 17/18-year-old who has done some experiments in Chemistry class, but I didn’t exactly win a Nobel Prize for learning how to safely use a Bunsen burner.” Applicants sometimes panic when they first read this question. However, the only expectation is that you cite a finding from someone else’s research that you found meaningful and enlightening. If you aren’t interested in the hard sciences, that’s perfectly fine! There is plenty of research that takes place outside of the STEM realm. Some ideas include:

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UMD Supplemental Essays (Continued)

3) in addition to my major, my academic interests include… (650 characters).

Note the operative phrase here—“In addition to my major.” This is a chance to talk about one or more of your academic passions that are a) an extension of your major b) separate from your major or c) part of an interdisciplinary connection between your major and another discipline.

Of course, the second key word here is “academic” so you’ll want to make sure that the subject or subjects you wish to discuss are at least somewhat related to an area that could be studied in college. Use this prompt to showcase your diverse interests and intellectual passions and remember that “academic” in a college setting means more than just straight subjects like high school biology, geometry, or world history. In a collegiate setting, there are academic offerings in psychology, art, criminal justice, philosophy, artificial intelligence, and hundreds of other expansive and intriguing options so don’t feel overly-constrained!

4) My favorite thing about last Thursday was… (650 characters)

You could look back at your Google Calendar or old texts in a quest to uncover whether last Thursday was the day you reheated beef stroganoff for dinner or whether that was the night you ordered Uber Eats from Chipotle while studying for a Calculus final. However, there is another way to reimagine the question which removes “last Thursday’s” random and limiting presence altogether. Instead, change the question to, “What is something that has happened to me recently that may have seemed small/everyday-ish, but truly mattered to me and communicates something about my character/personality?”

Think of this prompt as a chance to show off your skills of observation and reflection. Even in 650 characters, try to paint a picture of your appreciation for one of life’s small moments.

5) When I think of diversity, I think of.. (650 characters)

Try to avoid going the stale “the dictionary definition of diversity is…” route. Get personal and share what being a part of a diverse community means to you. Remember, diversity can apply to race, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, and gender. Even diversity of thought and political ideology are on the table here. The goal is to sincerely communicate your feelings toward being a member of a diverse Terrapin campus. In fact, 47% of current undergraduates identify as students of color.

6) Because we know that diversity benefits the educational experience of all students, the University of Maryland values diversity in all of its many forms.  This includes (but is not limited to) racial, socio-economic, gender, geographical, and sexual orientation.  We are interested in hearing about your own individual life experiences.  In a few sentences, will you please describe how you have learned, grown, been inspired or developed skills through one or more components of diversity.  (650 characters)

Remember, diversity can apply to race, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, and gender. Even diversity of thought and political ideology are on the table here. The goal is to think about your experiences and observations in this realm—is there a particular situation, challenge, or aspect of your own (or someone else’s) identity that has enabled you to learn or grow in this area? Perhaps you’ve learned how to advocate for yourself or someone else, been exposed to a new way of thinking, learned how to have difficult conversations, educated others, or been inspired by a peer’s story. Bottom line: there are many possible options here, and UMD wants to understand how you would contribute to and/or support diverse spaces on campus.

How important are the UMD supplemental essays?

The essays at the University of Maryland are an “important” factor in their evaluation process, alongside class rank, recommendations, talent/ability, first-generation status, and state residency. This ranks higher than factors such as extracurricular activities, legacy status, race/ethnicity, or work experience.

Want personalized assistance with your UMD supplemental essays?

If you are interested in working with one of College Transitions’ experienced and knowledgeable essay coaches as you craft your UMD supplemental essays, we encourage you to get a quote  today.

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Essay Questions

The essay is just one of the 24 factors we use as part of our holistic application review.

The essay provides you with the opportunity to showcase aspects of your personality and experiences that fit well with the University of Maryland (UMD) community. When considering your approach to your essay, take time to think about your answer, making it creative and succinct.

Please answer one of the following essay questions. Make sure to include the question itself at the start of your essay. Your essay should be no more than 650 words; the question will not be included in the essay total word count.

• Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story.
• The lessons we take from obstacles we encounter can be fundamental to later success. Recount a time when you faced a challenge, setback, or failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience?
• Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome?
• Reflect on something that someone has done for you that has made you happy or thankful in a surprising way. How has this gratitude affected or motivated you?
• Discuss an accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others.
• Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?
• Share an essay on any topic of your choice. It can be one you've already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design.

Please answer the following question. Students who have been out of school for several years or who have a personal circumstance that affected performance, may wish to address that situation in their essay. Your answer should be no more than 300 words.

• Please describe your past academic experiences and your reasons for wishing to enroll at UMD at this point in your academic career.

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University of Maryland 2023-24 Supplemental Essay Prompt Guide

Early Action: Nov 1

Regular Decision Deadline: Jan 20

You Have: 

University of Maryland 2023-24 Application Essay Question Explanations

The Requirements: 6 short answers of 650 characters

Supplemental Essay Type(s): Short Answer , Additional Information  

“At the University of Maryland, we encourage our students to go beyond the classroom to engage in opportunities that further both their academic and personal growth.”

The University of Maryland application is all about budgeting your words and energy. With a list of rapidfire short answer questions at the heart of this supplement, prepare to make every character count!

To tell us more about yourself, please complete the following sentences using only the space provided. (650 characters)

* if i could travel anywhere, i would go to…, * the most interesting fact i ever learned from research was…, * in addition to my major, my academic interests include…, * my favorite thing about last thursday was…, * something you might not know about me is…, * because we know that diversity benefits the educational experience of all students, the university of maryland values diversity in all of its many forms.  this includes (but is not limited to) racial, socio-economic, gender, geographical, and sexual orientation.  we are interested in hearing about your own individual life experiences.  in a few sentences, will you please describe how you have learned, grown, been inspired or developed skills through one or more components of diversity..

The key to nailing this section is brainstorming. When you see fill-in-the-blanks like these, it’s easy to assume that admissions is looking for a specific response, but (surprise!) they’re not. To avoid falling into this trap, free your mind and spend a few minutes jotting down as many answers as you can think of for each prompt. Literally set a timer and force yourself to keep your pencil moving (or fingers typing) for the entire time. No idea is too silly! The more you go with your gut, the more likely you are to come up with a unique and truly personal answer, and in the end, that’s really what admissions is looking for. Short answers like these present a great opportunity for you to show off your creativity, ingenuity, and sense of humor. When curating your brainstormed ideas, aim for breadth and variety. If you’ve always wanted to travel to Easter Island to measure the moai (🗿) and perform engineering experiments, then your interesting fact had better not be located anywhere near the Pacific Ocean. As with any other essay type, each micro answer should tell admissions something new about you.

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How to Write the Johns Hopkins University Supplemental Essay 2019-2020

Johns Hopkins University is the oldest research university in the United States. Located in Baltimore, Maryland, it is home to just over 6,000 undergraduate students and more than 19,000 graduate students. Although renowned for its School of Medicine, its undergraduate campus is also highly prestigious.

Undergraduate education at Johns Hopkins University is largely research-based. Nearly 80% of undergraduates perform some kind of independent research throughout their college careers. Johns Hopkins University is also home to the oldest continuously running university press in the United States .

In the 2018-2019 cycle, Johns Hopkins University admitted 9.2% of all applicants. While this this low acceptance rate might be intimidating, there are still ways to improve your odds of acceptance. One of the best ways to stand out is through the essay. Johns Hopkins only requires one supplemental essay for all applicants, so it’s important that you do this one justice. In this post, we’ll break down this essay prompt, as well as the specialized program prompts.

Want to learn what Johns Hopkins University will actually cost you based on your income? And how long your application to the school should take? Here’s what every student considering Johns Hopkins University needs to know.

Make sure to check out How to Write the Common Application Essays 2019-2020 .

For ALL Applicants: Johns Hopkins Supplemental Essay Prompt

In addition to submitting the Common Application, Coalition Application, or Universal College Application, Johns Hopkins University requires applicants to write a supplementary essay. The writing supplement consists of just one essay with a required length of 300-400 words. The prompt included below asks you to recount a time when you collaborated with others and to share your thoughts on the experience. Want to know your chances at Johns Hopkins? Calculate your chances for free right now.

Write a brief essay (300-400 words) in which you respond to the following question: Successful students at Johns Hopkins make the biggest impact by collaborating with others, including peers, mentors, and professors. Talk about a time, in or outside the classroom, when you worked with others and what you learned from the experience.

Although this prompt is fairly straightforward, you should tackle it from a personalized and insightful angle. Choose a moment that you feel really enhanced your teamwork skills.

For example, maybe you worked at a local non-profit and discovered through collaborating with your co-workers that people have different working styles. Or maybe you planned and implemented your senior class project with a group of peers that were less than respectful. Whatever you decide, make sure that it is a story in which you have plenty to say in order to deepen your response.

An Effective, Step-By-Step Approach to Your Essay Response

Note that there are many ways to draft a successful response to this prompt; this guide merely presents one potential way to answer the question.

Introduction

Start your essay response by introducing the moment you are going to reflect on. To hook the reader in a compelling way, you could start with dialogue from you or another person involved. Alternatively, you can choose to begin the essay with a short, impactful sentence.

Regardless, use action words and vivid language to really encapsulate the experience. The goal is to make the admissions committee feel as if they were really there with you. For example:

Four and one, two, three, cha cha cha… four and one, two, three.

My first ballroom competition went by in a blur. Amid the pulsing beat, all I could really remember were flashes. The twirl of my red dress. The tilt of my neck. However, I can recall the countless hours I spent practicing the dance routines with my partner perfectly.

As you continue your essay, develop the feelings and thoughts you experienced as a result of working with others. Further, discuss how you usually dealt with collaboration in the past and if this specific time was more or less challenging for you — show how this specific moment was different.

Before getting involved with ballroom dance, I had never thought of it as a sport. Only after my first practice did I realize how physically and mentally exhausting it is. Even though my dance partner was — and still is — patient with me, it was frustrating to keep making mistakes. To dance properly, there are so many things you have to pay attention to: the tempo, the position of your feet, your posture, and especially your partner’s cues. It was difficult learning to follow his movements.

Lastly, explain why this moment stood out to you, and then reflect on what you think it means. How did the moment change you? Are you a better team player now? Did you learn something about yourself in the process? Really focus on how this moment led to your development; it is important to make the connection clear. Instead of simply starting a new paragraph stating that you are a completely different person, show it through an explicit link.

I am grateful to have joined ballroom dance club for so many reasons. Being a dancer has taught me poise, grace, and strength. But perhaps most importantly, it has challenged me by making me vulnerable to others — especially my dance partner. Not only did I have to become comfortable with being physically close to him, but I had to learn to mirror his movements in a way that looks natural. Even though no words are spoken as part of a dance, it is still an art that requires constant communication.

If possible, also connect your newfound wisdom to your success at college. Show how what you learned during your collaborative experience will help you be a better student. Maybe you’ll work more efficiently on homework because you are able to ask others for advice.

Whatever the case, make it clear that what you learned will stay with you in the future, and especially at Johns Hopkins . The admissions committee wants to know what about the university in particular draws you to it and how it will help you succeed, so don’t be afraid to include specific opportunities that align with your topic.

Through ballroom dance, I have learned to see things from a different perspective. I am better aware of interactions, better able to read other people and better at putting myself out there. I feel more confident now than ever before.

Remember that you only have 400 words for this prompt. Even though it is important to be detailed and descriptive, it is also necessary to stay within the word limit. In order to be succinct while also using rich language, try cutting out unnecessary adjectives and opting for a more varied word choice instead.

Final Reminders

On their website, Johns Hopkins University writes that essays can be one of “ the most important components of your application .” The university stresses the importance of being able to really show the admissions committee what is important to you and to share more about your background. Thus, it is crucial that you include something that really sets you apart in your supplemental essay. Imagine that you were able to meet the admissions committee in person: What would you most want to tell them? Use this hypothetical conversation to inspire a topic for your essay.

If you’d like more inspiration for your Johns Hopkins University writing supplement, you can view previous “essays that worked” on their website . The topics of these essays range from ambidexterity to music to a piece of furniture in a coffee shop. However, they all are able to give insight into the respective author’s character.

Specialized Program Prompts

Woodrow wilson program prompt.

No prompt available yet.

Masters in Global Health Studies Prompt

Identify a global health issue and outline a solution to a key underlying problem. (300 words).

The Global Health Studies Masters program allows “qualified students displaying a strong interest in public health” to pursue a combined Bachelor’s/Master’s with the Bloomberg School of Public Health. If not admitted as a high school senior, you will have the option to reapply to the program as a junior at Johns Hopkins, provided that you declare a major in public health.  

Global health is a broad umbrella that can cover diverse issues such as climate change, infectious disease outbreaks, childhood mortality in developing countries, access to contraception, and HIV/AIDS among others. The first step in tackling this prompt is to select a global health issue that you have some familiarity with. You will note that the prompt asks you to propose a solution to the problem of your choice, so it is important that you pick a topic that you’ve had some exposure to. 

If you’ve previously worked on a big research project in school or helped to conduct summer research at a lab or university, use that subject as your jumping off point. For example, say you wrote a social science paper about abortion access in the underprivileged areas of your city. You could compare your local findings to international data on abortion access and learn about the ways in which nongovernmental organizations and governments enable or thwart that access. Or, you could use your biology project about the spread of Ebola to figure out what various nations have done to contain major Ebola outbreaks in recent years. 

While it helps to have had some prior experience studying a global health problem, it is by no means a prerequisite. Channel your curiosity and seek out books or documentaries about a topic that fascinates you and draw your inspiration for this essay there. 

The crucial thing to remember is that you will need to brush up on your global health problem of choice before giving your recommendations. Browse scientific and public policy articles that have been written about your chosen subject matter and figure out which solutions have already been proposed. You’re by no means expected to reinvent the wheel or come up with an ingenious policy solution that will shock the global health community as a high school student. In fact, showing that you’ve done your research and that you’re already familiar with the existing literature on the subject matter will only highlight your dedication to the study of global health. 

Keep in mind that you only have 300 words to work with. Use the first 100-150 to outline the problem at hand, and be sure to explain why it matters, why the world should care about it, and why you care about it. Then, provide a brief suggestion on how this problem could be remedied. Don’t list off ten different ways to cure Ebola. Instead, focus on ONE specific strategy and give some detail to explain how it can be adopted. Given the brevity of the response, depth is always better than breadth. 

Masters in International Studies Prompt

 pick a global leader and discuss how he/she has shaped how you view the world. (300 words).

The Masters in International Studies allows students to pursue a combined Bachelor’s/Master’s degree in international studies at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) in Washington, DC. If not accepted as a high school student, you will also have the option to apply again as a Johns Hopkins sophomore. 

When choosing the global leader you’re going to discuss, be sure not to select someone well-known purely for their name recognition. Remember, you likely won’t be the only one to think of Angela Merkel and point to her handling of the European immigration crisis as an example of good (or bad) policymaking. Try to select someone whose actions you actively draw inspiration from, and who have had a tangible effect on your choice of academic interests, extracurriculars, or future career path. 

Remember, “global leader” does not have to mean head-of-state. Aung San Suu Kyi, prior to her rise to power in Myanmar, spent most of her life under house arrest, but she was undoubtedly recognized worldwide as the leader of Myanmar’s–and perhaps the region’s–pro-democracy movement. Malala Yousafzai, barely out of her teens, is the face of the global fight for a girl’s right to an education under radical Islamist rule. Jack Dorsey is the CEO of one of the most influential social media conglomerates in the world, and he’s never been elected to any public office. If you’re struggling to think beyond the head-of-state box, you can browse places like TIME’s list of the 100 most influential people of 2019 for inspiration.

Once you’ve picked your leader and briefly explain their significance (in about 100-150 words), you need to tell the reader how the person in question influenced you specifically. For example, if you’re talking about Malala, you could explain that her advocacy has inspired you to join a community service group in your town that offers free tutoring to young girls in underprivileged communities. If Jack Dorsey is your pick, you can write about how his insights prompted you to start your own small social media marketing business designed to promote small businesses in your area and enable them to compete against large companies. You need to articulate what it is about your leader’s philosophy, way of life, or professional accomplishments that inspires you. Make sure to also look ahead and elaborate upon how this leader inspires you in your own future career. 

For a competitive five-year program, the admissions committee is looking for someone who can demonstrate their critical thinking skills and an ability to think beyond the surface-level idea of leadership. They want applicants to really reflect on individuals that have had a profound impact on the world in recent years. Who you choose to write about matters, but what matters even more is whether you can articulate why the reader should find them important, too.

Peabody Institute Prompt (OPTIONAL)

We would like to hear about any personal or academic issues which might come into play as we process your application..

This prompt is similar to the additional comments section of the Common Application: it gives you the space to account for any discrepancies in your academic record or other particularities that may give the admissions committee pause when reviewing your application. 

For instance, if you experienced a serious health issue that prevented you from practicing or performing your music for an extended period of time, you should take this opportunity to elaborate on that experience. Any drastic change in academic performance (for example, going from an A to a B- average in one semester) should also be explained here. There are any number of extenuating circumstances that may have affected your grades⁠—death in the family, major drop in family income or homelessness, moving to a different country, suspension. 

Don’t be afraid to provide the context that the admissions officer needs to best understand your circumstances. You are of course under no obligation to share any intimate details of your life that you don’t feel comfortable sharing. Keep in mind, however, that it is always better to preemptively address the questions that may arise than to hope an issue will pass unnoticed. 

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Your chance of acceptance, your chancing factors, extracurriculars, smu admissions requirements.

Hey all, I'm super interested in Southern Methodist University for its amazing campus and programs. What are the admissions requirements? Are they mostly looking at GPA and test scores, or are they considering other factors like extracurriculars and essays?

SMU, or Southern Methodist University, utilizes a holistic evaluation process for its undergraduate admissions. While GPA and test scores are significant factors, numerous other aspects play an important role in the admissions process. Here are some of the key elements that SMU considers when evaluating applicants:

1. High school transcript: A competitive academic record is crucial. SMU will look for a rigorous curriculum, strong grades, and growth throughout your high school years.

2. Standardized test scores: For the 2024-2025 application cycle, SMU is test-optional, which means you aren't required to submit SAT or ACT scores. However, if you do choose to submit your scores, they will be taken into consideration. If you want guidance on how to navigate test-optional policies, and whether submitting scores would be a good idea for you personally, I'd recommend checking out this blog post from CollegeVine: https://blog.collegevine.com/does-test-optional-mean-test-optional

3. Extracurricular activities: Your involvement in extracurricular activities, volunteer work, clubs, and organizations is important, as SMU values well-rounded students who contribute to their communities. Quality of involvement is often more valuable than quantity.

4. Letters of recommendation: SMU requires one counselor and one teacher recommendation. These letters should highlight your personality, skills, and accomplishments, to contextualize your accomplishments and provide concrete insight into your potential for success at SMU.

5. Personal essays: SMU requires a personal statement and answers to some school-specific supplemental essays. Your essays should showcase your experiences, goals, and personality, to help the admissions committee understand who you are and what unique qualities you'd bring to the SMU community. CollegeVine's blog contains detailed guidance on how to tackle both your personal statement and SMU's supplements:

- Personal statement: https://blog.collegevine.com/how-to-write-the-common-application-essays/

- Supplements: https://blog.collegevine.com/how-to-write-the-southern-methodist-university-essays

6. Demonstrated interest: While not a significant factor, demonstrated interest can be a plus. By attending information sessions, webinars, or connecting with SMU representatives, you can show your genuine interest in SMU, and also potentially incorporate some of what you learn about the school into your essays.

In summary, while GPA and test scores are important, SMU takes a holistic approach to admissions decisions. It's crucial to demonstrate your accomplishments, values, and dedication through various aspects of your application, including extracurricular activities, recommendations, and personal essays. Good luck!

About CollegeVine’s Expert FAQ

CollegeVine’s Q&A seeks to offer informed perspectives on commonly asked admissions questions. Every answer is refined and validated by our team of admissions experts to ensure it resonates with trusted knowledge in the field.

The Fair of Nijni-Novgorod

Edna dean proctor.

  Was ever such a crowd?

Here Turks and Jews and Gypsies,

  There Persians haughty-browed;

With silken-robed Celestials,

  And Frenchmen from the Seine,

And Khivans and Bokhariotes,—

  Heirs of the Oxus plain.

Here stalk Siberian hunters;

  There tents a Kirghiz clan

By mournful-eyed Armenians

  From wave-girt Astrakhan;

And Russ and Pole and Tartar,

  And mounted Cossack proud,—

Now, by the Tower of Babel,

Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia

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All About Ozempic and the Next Generation of Obesity Drugs

How they work, what to expect when taking them and what the future holds.

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By Dani Blum

News around drugs like Ozempic moves fast: There’s a steady drumbeat of new studies, new regulatory approvals, new shortages, new insurance hurdles. Here’s a primer on Ozempic and other popular drugs being widely used for diabetes and weight loss.

How do drugs like Ozempic work?

Ozempic belongs to a class of medications called GLP-1 receptor agonists, named after a hormone in the human body that they are designed to imitate.

In 2017, the Food and Drug Administration approved Ozempic to treat Type 2 diabetes, but people have also used the drug off-label to lose weight. In the last few years, other similar drugs have hit the market: Wegovy, a drug approved for weight loss and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular issues in some adults; Mounjaro, approved for Type 2 diabetes; and Zepbound , authorized for weight loss. These medications are all weekly shots.

Both Wegovy and Ozempic contain semaglutide, which mimics the hormone GLP-1 to stimulate insulin production in the pancreas and slow down stomach emptying, making people feel fuller faster, and for longer. Mounjaro and Zepbound work similarly, but they use tirzepatide (rather than semaglutide) to simulate both GLP-1 and a second hormone, GIP.

Crucially, semaglutide and tirzepatide also target the brain: They curb hunger signals, silencing what many users have called “ food noise .”

The drugs don’t work for everyone. In clinical trials, a small fraction of participants have not lost significant weight or seen meaningful improvements in blood sugar control. “We haven’t quite figured out yet who will respond well,” said Dr. Scott Hagan, an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Washington who studies obesity.

But for many patients, the medications can be strikingly effective. An analysis of the longest and largest study on semaglutide, published this month , showed that participants who took the medication for four years were able to shed an average of around 10 percent of their body weight and sustain that weight loss. A major trial on tirzepatide showed that people who took the highest dose lost an average of around 18 percent of their body weight after 72 weeks.

“They’re just a game-changer,” said Dr. Melanie Jay, director of the N.Y.U. Langone Comprehensive Program on Obesity.

What are the side effects?

Patients tend to experience the most side effects when they start the medications and as they gradually increase their doses over the first few months, Dr. Jay said. The most common issues are gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, acid reflux, stomach pain and discomfort. People can also experience fatigue, dizziness and headaches.

Patients with Type 2 diabetes are also at an increased risk of developing hypoglycemia , or dangerously low blood sugar. In rare cases, patients on these drugs may experience pancreatitis and gallbladder or kidney issues.

Losing a lot of weight quickly can also have ripple effects. Some patients lose hair. Many also will lose muscle mass — which is particularly concerning for older adults at risk of becoming frail, Dr. Hagan said.

What else are these drugs being studied for?

Dozens of clinical trials are currently underway to test whether they could treat a slew of conditions , including chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer’s, liver disease, sleep apnea and polycystic ovary syndrome. The medications’ ability to induce weight loss might help with many of these conditions, but scientists speculate that the drugs have unique effects independent of weight loss — possibly by alleviating inflammation. They are also watching how the drugs impact the brain, and whether inhibiting cravings could also help with alcohol use disorder .

In March, the F.D.A. approved Wegovy to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and cardiovascular-related death in adults who have heart disease and are overweight or have obesity.

How much do these medications cost?

The list price of Ozempic is currently around $968 for a one-month supply. Wegovy runs about $1,349, Mounjaro is around $1,069 and Zepbound is about $1,059. Patients do not typically pay list price; many insurers cover the medications, although the extent of that coverage varies and some have introduced new restrictions. In addition, some patients can qualify for savings cards from drugmakers.

Because the drugs can be expensive, some people have sought out compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide — unauthorized medications that the F.D.A. has linked to adverse reactions . There is no generic version of semaglutide or tirzepatide.

How long do you take these drugs?

Drugs like Ozempic are considered indefinite prescriptions, Dr. Hagan said, like blood pressure medications or statins. When you stop taking them, they stop working . People taking the medications will inevitably hit a weight loss plateau, but if they go off the drugs, they typically regain some weight .

Some patients balk at the idea of staying on the medications for so long, Dr. Jay said: “Even if they say yes to you, six months later sometimes they’re like, ‘I didn’t want to be on this forever.’”

Because these medications are so new, we don’t yet know the lifelong effects, experts said. Those unknowns are one of the reasons doctors view these drugs as “medications for serious conditions,” Dr. Jay said. “These are not medications to lose 10 pounds or fit into some dress.”

Dani Blum is a health reporter for The Times. More about Dani Blum

A Close Look at Weight-Loss Drugs

Supplement Stores: GNC and the Vitamin Shoppe are redesigning displays and taking other steps  to appeal to people who are taking or are interested in drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy.

Senate Investigation: A Senate committee is investigating the prices that Novo Nordisk charges  for Ozempic and Wegovy, which are highly effective at treating diabetes and obesity but carry steep price tags.

A Company Remakes Itself: Novo Nordisk’s factories work nonstop turning out Ozempic and Wegovy , but the Danish company has far bigger ambitions.

Transforming a Small Danish Town: In Kalundborg, population under 17,000, Novo Nordisk is making huge investments to increase production  of Ozempic and Wegovy.

Ozempic’s Inescapable Jingle: The diabetes drug has become a phenomenon, and “Oh, oh, oh, Ozempic!” — a takeoff of the Pilot song “Magic”  — has played a big part in its story.