doctorate in education how long does it take

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Considering a PhD in Education? Here’s What You Need to Know

Updated: February 13, 2024

Published: December 17, 2018

For anyone looking to pursue a career in education in academia or research, a Ph.D. in education is the degree to seek. A doctorate degree in education is a terminal degree in the field, which means it is the highest level degree you can get. So the natural next question is, “What can you do with a Ph.D. in education?

Here, we will share Ph.D. in education jobs, as well as answer all your big questions surrounding a doctorate degree in education.

What is a Ph.D. in education?

A doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) in education is a graduate degree that is well-suited for anyone who wants to focus their career on academics or research. Just like a Ph.D. in education is a terminal degree, so is a Doctor of Education (EdD) degree.

Although it can be confusing when faced with two terminal degrees in the same field, it helps to clarify when we understand what each of their focus is. An EdD in education is more hands-on and practice-oriented, which means that it’s of use to those who want to work in education, for the government, or in a non-profit organization.

A Ph.D. in education is theoretically-focused and more study-based, in comparison. For this reason, it’s best for anyone looking to work in research or academia at the university level.

There are more differences between the two, including:

• A Ph.D. in education takes four years to complete, while an EdD takes two.
• A Ph.D. requires doing a dissertation, while an EdD doesn’t.
• A Ph.D. focuses on developing new research. EdD students, on the other hand, use existing research to guide decisions about issues within their area of study.
• A Ph.D. requires taking 90 credits, whereas an EdD requires 60.

Why Earn a Ph.D. in Education?

There are many reasons why a Ph.D. in education is valuable and worthy of your effort. Here’s why:

1. It’s one of the most highly respected credentials in education, and as mentioned, it is a terminal degree (which means its the highest level that you can achieve in this field).

2. You’ll use research-based methods to solve problems and identify gaps in your specialization of choice.

Plus, you will have the expertise and credentials to publish in professional journals and/or present your findings at conferences around the world.

3. You’ll be advancing in an area of education in which you’re passionate.

Are you fascinated by childhood development? Or do you have a passion for classroom management? If you have a desire to advance a particular field in education, a Ph.D. is an excellent way to do so.

4. You’ll earn respect in your field and gain personal satisfaction.

Since a Ph.D. in education requires doing a dissertation, that alone is not an easy feat! Accomplishing it will surely give you a rewarding feeling. Plus, being called Doctor isn’t so bad either. Just like any degree, a Ph.D. in education involves a certain skill set . Some learned along the way, and some you may have naturally. These are some skills involved in a Ph.D. in education:

Technical skills:

Analysis and problem-solving, project management and organization, research and information management, and written and oral communication are all important in such a research-based degree.

Soft skills:

Interpersonal and leadership skills, self-management and work habits, concentration, and patience are all important personal skills to have when you’re spending lots of time on one specific topic.

The Doctorate in Education Salaries You Can Expect

Did you know that in America, Ph.D. graduates will earn $1.3 million more than BA holders in their working lifetimes? There are all kinds of career options for Ph.D. education graduates.

Here are some examples of typical careers for Ph.D. in education holders, as well as their average salaries in the US:

• Clinical, Counseling and School Psychologists: $79,820
• Education Teachers, Postsecondary: $80,56 0
• Survey Researchers: $59,870 
• Sociologists: $86,110
• Training and Development Specialists: $62,700

Many PhD in education graduates want to become professors. Here’s what the average annual salaries look like around the globe for professors in the top-paying countries (in their equivalent USD):

Denmark: $109,600

Switzerland: $185,000

UK: $110,000

US: $102,400

Finland: $95,000

Canada: $93,000

Germany:$92,000

France: $82,000

There are other career options as well, such as school administrator, superintendent, curriculum coordinator, and principal.

What are the Requirements?

Considering that a Ph.D. in education is the highest level you can achieve in education, it means that you will already have a bachelor’s under your belt, and in most cases, a master’s degree, as well. In other words, you probably like being a student. There are lots of years of studying that get dedicated to earning a Ph.D. If you plan on doing a doctorate in education, earning a master’s degree in education can be the right first step.

Another important thing to know is that almost all Ph.D. candidates have background experience in research. So if education is your field of interest, getting a Ph.D. will mean coming to the table with previous research experience from your undergraduate (and potentially graduate) degrees.

Every institution may differ on their prerequisites for enrolling in their Ph.D. in education program. Be sure to consult directly with your school of choice to find out what they are.

Where Can I Earn My Ph.D. in Education?

There are many schools that offer Ph.D. in education programs. Just like most subjects, there are going to be online /on-campus options as well as throughout the world. Some are even fully funded.

Online programs

University of the People has a Master’s in Education (M.Ed) degree. This could be a great choice for those of you who may be aiming for a Ph.D. in education but only have a BA. The next step is getting that MA. So, why not choose a tuition-free program ?

Liberty University, Walden University, University of Colorado, and the University of Nebraska are just a few popular universities that offer a Ph.D. in Education. Here’s a look at some of the most affordable online Ph.D. programs.

Studying in Europe

Studying in Europe can be both exciting and low-cost . Germany, Sweden, Norway, and Finland offer free doctorate tuition for university students, regardless of their nationality! France offers low-cost Ph.D. tuition fees. If you want to see some specific schools in these countries, look at this list.

Fully-funded Programs

Fully-funded sounds wonderful, and it is! But, it doesn’t mean there are no costs associated. Fully-funded actually means that your tuition is covered, but you’ll still have to cover costs for textbooks and supplies, living expenses, and other fees.  no cost. That said, it’s still an awesome option. One condition: it has to be on campus. Why? Because you need to pay with your time — by teaching and performing research.

University of Michigan School of Education, Vanderbilt Peabody College, and Steinhardt School at NYU all offer tuition-free on-campus Ph.D. in education programs.

Online vs On-campus

You might be wondering what it’s like to get your Ph.D. online, as compared to on-campus institutions. Like all degrees, there are advantages and disadvantages to earning your degree entirely online. In regards to a Ph.D. in education, you will need to consider a few things.

Online Ph.D. programs are best suited to students who work better solo. They are also great for those who have worked in the field for some time and want to advance in their area of study. And, of course, it’s the best option for those who work and are raising families. On the other hand, you aren’t in the presence of peers and professors that can be a valuable resource in the research-driven program of a Ph.D.

Earning a Ph.D. on-campus has its pros and cons, too.. While they’re generally more expensive than online programs, on-campus Ph.D. programs allow you to communicate face-to-face with your professors, supervisors, and other students.

What You Can Expect to Study in a Ph.D. in Education

Completing a Ph.D. means doing your dissertation, or research thesis. Naturally, it is going to be based on the field of study that you are most interested in. You can specialize in a certain area. Some common specialization options for a Ph.D. in education are:

• Early Childhood Education
• Special Education
• Adult Education
• Teacher Leadership
• Curriculum and Pedagogy
• Educational Psychology

Aside from the research involved in planning and executing your thesis, you will also have professional development activities and coursework relevant to your area of study. They’re designed to help give you the skills needed to succeed in your research and your future career in education.

While the curriculum is going to vary according to your specialization, there are some general core courses that most PhDs in education involve. You will likely take the following: group psychology, leadership, learning models, ethics, education and globalization, and analytics courses as part of your curriculum.

Is a Ph.D. in Education for Me?

If you choose to study for a Ph.D. in education, chances are you’re passionate about teaching and learning, and everything in between. Even if you’re not looking to stand in front of a lecture hall and teach, you may wish to improve upon the field of education as a whole through research and other means. With a Ph.D. in Education, you open the door to that possibility and many more.

How you choose to earn your degree is up to you. Whether you conclude upon enrolling online or on-campus, prepare yourself for lots of reading, writing, researching, and communicating. Whatever you chose, we’re sure you’ll give it your best shot. Here’s to reaching the top in the field of education!

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How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Education?

How Long Does a PhD in Physics Take?

A Ph.D. in education can prepare you for a wide variety of careers, including teaching future teachers, working in the school system as a teacher or administrator, or conducting research on educational policies and practices. The amount of time it takes you to complete your doctorate in education depends on your course load, how long it takes to complete and defend your dissertation, and whether you participate in research and externships.

Time Frame for a Ph.D

Students who enroll full-time and who complete their doctorate degree quickly can usually expect to finish their degree within four or five years. At Michigan State University, for example, students can expect to complete their degrees in five years if they take six to nine course hours each semester. Schools frequently limit the amount of time a student can spend in a doctoral program, to ensure that students remain on track to graduate. The University of Michigan, for example, generally allows students eight years to complete a doctoral degrees, including one in education. Students are encouraged to finish within this time frame.

Course Load for a Ph.D in Education

The number and type of classes you take can increase the amount of time required to complete your degree. If your undergraduate degree is unrelated to education, you might need to take remedial classes in topics such as educational psychology or research methods. These classes can add a semester or two to the time it takes you to graduate. If you choose to take extra elective classes, this can broaden your knowledge base, but it can also increase the time spent in your program.

Master's Degree

Already having a master's degree can shave off time that is needed for your doctoral degree. If you enter your Ph.D. program straight out of an undergraduate program, however, you'll likely need to pick up a master's degree on the way. Your master's degree includes education coursework such as theories of education, classroom management techniques and developmental psychology. Schools such as Georgetown University offer dual Ph.D. and master's programs, but the time spent on your master's degree can increase the time it takes you to graduate with your Ph.D.

Research and Externships

Some education students choose to participate in research studies as assistants or devise their own research projects. If you plan to become an educational researcher or professor, these programs can equip you with the skills that you need to teach future educators and to devise your own research. Educators who want to become administrators or work in the school system can benefit from hands-on classroom experience and the practical knowledge that comes from externships. However, while these projects can improve your academic credentials, they can also take time away from your classes and it could you take longer to graduate.

Writing and Defending a Dissertation

Your dissertation is a research-based scholarly paper that will be published if it is approved. It is partially guided by whether you're pursuing a Ph.D., which has a research focus, or an Ed.D., which focuses on practical classroom management and educational leadership techniques. You'll need to develop a dissertation topic, conduct exhaustive research, write and repeatedly edit your paper and defend it in front of a committee of experts. If you have trouble writing your dissertation or if your dissertation is rejected on the first try, it could take longer to complete your doctorate.

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Van Thompson is an attorney and writer. A former martial arts instructor, he holds bachelor's degrees in music and computer science from Westchester University, and a juris doctor from Georgia State University. He is the recipient of numerous writing awards, including a 2009 CALI Legal Writing Award.

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Education Ph.D.s: Time and Cost

A doctoral degree is the highest commendation a university can bestow upon its students. For those interested in pursuing a doctorate in education, the time and costs associated are truly dependent on how quickly you want to get through it. As it stands, there is no definitive cost or timeframe for a particular Ph.D. program.

How Long Does it Take to Get a Ph.D.?

How long it takes to complete your doctorate in education or gain a special education Ph.D. is up to you. As with most degrees in public universities, there is a series of core curricula that every student has to take regardless of their major, along with basic coursework for their field of study. Towards your fifth or sixth semester, you will attend advanced classes geared more towards your major. For doctorate programs, you can typically expect to take upwards of 60 additional hours of coursework and research to obtain your Ph.D. on top of your master's. It's important to keep in mind that getting your Ph.D. isn't simply about getting all of the necessary credit hours; it's about publishing original research to demonstrate you're truly an expert in your field, so the timeframe to complete your Ph.D. isn't necessarily dependent on the number of semester hours. If you're looking for a quick answer, you should know that most Ph.D. programs will take around 4 years on top of your undergraduate and master's coursework, assuming you're taking an average number of credits each semester.

What Does it Cost to Get a Ph.D.?

Depending on your Ph.D. program path, graduate degrees can take anywhere from 5 - 10 years to complete, putting the total figure for a Ph.D. degree in the range of $50,000 to about $100,000. As with all things, the cost to achieve your doctorate really depends on what university you attend and how long you take to gain all the required credits. Coursework aside, there are additional costs to obtaining your Ph.D., such as the cost of living, food, travel and more, all of which you will have to consider. The good news is that the FSU College of Education offers over $400,000 annually in scholarship and fellowship opportunities - more than any other public College of Education in Florida. You can learn more about scholarship and aid opportunities at education.fsu.edu/scholarships . In the education field, there are a number of focuses for a Ph.D. program. You can obtain a degree in the fields of educational research, education policy, education philosophy, curriculum and instruction, and more. Learn more about the various Ph.D. programs available at Florida State University's College of Education here: education.fsu.edu/graduate-programs .  

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Call Me Doctor—Why I Decided to Get My EdD, and How It Changed My Career

It takes commitment and focus, but I promise it’s worth it.

Learn more about the Capella University Progress Reward—a $10,000 scholarship for eligible students and programs—to help fund your doctoral journey. Plus get a Doctoral Education Guide at no cost.

Some people may think my story is nontraditional. And maybe it is. But I’m living proof that you don’t need to already be an administrator to get your doctorate in education. In fact, you don’t even need to leave your current teaching job after graduation to advance your career and make a difference at a higher level.

My story might be nontraditional because I still have a full-time position as a public school teacher—and my doctorate. And because I got my EdD in reading and literacy, I have opportunities for extra income and professional growth. Since graduating, I’ve become an adjunct instructor at two universities as well as a national LETRS (Language Essentials of Teachers of Reading and Spelling) trainer.

Every day, I’m fulfilled by my passion for and commitment to improving national reading levels. As an EdD graduate, I am privileged to be part of the solution. Here’s how I did it.

Why should I get my EdD?

The whole-language approach was the most popular method of teaching literacy when I began my career. As time went on, I observed many students struggling with the foundations of literacy. I decided to turn to professional development to sharpen my skills. I took a course to become a LETRS trainer, and it completely transformed the way I understood literacy. My teaching improved, and eventually, I began training other teachers in my school district through LETRS, which focuses on five key pillars of reading: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. 

I soon felt I had a responsibility to do something more. Certainly, I could have kept applying what I had learned to my little corner of the school district, but I felt compelled to bring this to more teachers in the broader professional community. I had the knowledge to help make positive changes in literacy education, but I needed a credential to share my expertise at an institutional level.

How can I afford an EdD program?

I had already earned my master’s degree early in my career, so I knew a doctorate in education was the next step. After making my decision to go back to school, it only took me a week or two to decide to attend Capella University. One of my colleagues was working on her dissertation for Capella’s EdD program in reading and literacy at the time I was making my decision. I asked her questions and did my own research to learn that Capella was the best option for my money. 

Some teachers rely on their districts to pay for advanced degrees. However, my school district had already helped pay for my master’s. I was on my own for this step. Capella was at the lower end of what I was looking to pay for a doctoral program, and it included everything I needed.

How long does it take to earn an EdD?

After enrolling, I found myself working through the courses and then my Capstone at a faster rate than I had imagined. Earning a doctorate in education while working full time as a teacher takes strategy and focus, but if you are self-disciplined and laser focused, you can make it work. 

What are the requirements for graduation? 

The flexibility to fulfill my degree through a hands-on Capstone project was one of the reasons I chose Capella over others. My Capstone project was based on the Response to Intervention initiative in my district. I was already responsible for conducting these groups, so I was able to incorporate this work into my Capstone. The best part? It went hand in hand with work I was already doing in my job.

What support did I receive from my university?

Capella’s faculty was incredibly supportive in helping me stay on track. I had the support of a fabulous mentor who returned my work quickly with really helpful feedback. Reading intervention is a subject I knew very well. While working on my Capstone, I was actually applying it in my daily work. 

Are you interested in learning more about getting your EdD?

Make a difference in the field of education. Capella University has flexible EdD programs with specializations in areas like reading and literacy, curriculum and instruction, and more. Click the orange button below to learn more about the Capella Progress Reward. It’s a $10,000 scholarship for eligible students to help fund their doctoral journey. Plus get a Doctoral Education Guide at no cost.

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The Doctorate in Education: Is it Worth It?

At some point along their career track, many educational professionals eventually weigh the decision to earn a Ph.D. or Ed.D. in education.

In our last blog post , we examined the differences between the Ph.D. and Ed.D. and the benefits an Ed.D. can offer those pursuing leadership roles in education—as well as positions in nonprofit and government agencies and private sectors. We also surveyed the differences among Ed.D. programs, how to choose a college or university, and what to expect from the curriculum.

But what about time and cost? After you complete your Ed.D. will you see an increase in career opportunities and salary? In other words, is the juice really worth the squeeze?

Let’s take a look.

How Long Will It Take To Earn a Ed.D.?

If you’re considering earning your Ed.D. in education , you’ve most likely already completed your M.A. or M.A.Ed. Like a master’s degree, a doctorate takes a significant time commitment and a high level of personal dedication. It’s not easy.

While it’s possible to earn the degree in as little as two years of full-time study, most students don’t take this route. Unlike Ph.D. candidates, most Ed.D. candidates are employed full-time in the education field and choose to continue their jobs alongside their studies.

Depending on the course load and the design of the dissertation or capstone project, the degree can take four, five, or up to seven years at most.

How Much Does an Ed.D. Cost?

While the length of time you’ll spend working on your Ed.D. is important, it’s also essential to weigh the financial commitment of the degree. Here are some points to keep in mind when estimating the investment you will need to make to earn an Ed.D.:

• Tuition Costs. A typical Ed.D. program will require 60-66 credits. Tuition costs per credit can range from $350 to $775, resulting in a final price tag of $21,000 to $55,000 for the degree. Also look into any additional fees and the cost of attending orientation and conferences, and any professional memberships or certification programs that may be required.

• Program Location and Cost of Living. If you plan to enroll in a program in another city or state, what will the cost of relocating be? Will there be a change in your overall cost of living in the new location? Will you be able to keep your current job if you move, and if not, will your salary take a hit? More and more schools are now offering Ed.D. degrees entirely online, which can be a great option if there are no good programs in your geographic area and you don’t want to quit your day job.
• Employment Status. If you maintain a full-time job while earning your degree you won’t have to sacrifice your income, healthcare, or 401K savings to go to school.
• Tuition Reimbursement. Many employers offer financial incentives to current employees to advance their education, especially in a field relevant to their job duties. Check to see if your company or organization participates in a tuition reimbursement program. If so, do your research to make sure that the course of study you decide on will qualify.

Earning a doctorate is challenging and rewarding, but do you know what to really expect? Download this free guide for tips and insights to help you prepare for success.  

How can an ed.d. impact earning potential.

While an Ed.D. can grow your skill set, it can also have a significant impact on your annual earnings. Most senior positions in education and educational administration require an Ed.D., which is one of the main reasons that education professionals choose to pursue the degree. Having an Ed.D. under your belt allows you to advance within your current organization or to acquire a highly sought job at a school or university.

Here’s a look at the top senior education positions and what you can expect to make from each:

The focus of your coursework can also impact your future earnings. Most programs that lead to positions in private schools and companies will likely yield a higher salary than those that lead to nonprofits or public institutions. And a specialization in higher education administration and management will often yield a higher salary than a specialization in early childhood education.

5 Reasons To Earn Your Ed.D. That Have Nothing To Do With an Income Boost

Deciding to pursue an Ed.D. is a big decision that should not be taken lightly. As we’ve seen, it requires a significant commitment of both time and money. However, if you’re looking to advance your career and maximize your earning potential, the degree can open up a range of new possibilities.

Here are the top 5 reasons to earn your Ed.D.:

• You will gain the skills needed to effect change in your organization. An Ed.D. will help you hone your communication, assessment and management skills—skills that are in great demand in today’s educational institutions. If you are interested in taking the wheel, an Ed.D. will prepare you to advance and expand in your school or organization.
• You will develop the tools you need to become a better administrator in today’s educational environments. Education is a rapidly changing field; advanced study into current education trends, including digital literacy and collaborative learning will allow you to apply your knowledge and experience to solve problems and fix gaps in the educational systems around you.
• You can add clout to your résumé to give your new career search a boost. Are you looking to pursue new opportunities in the educational field? Whether you’re hoping to land a job in public education, government or the private sector, an Ed.D. degree will help your résumé stand out from the rest. Many programs offer specializations such as curriculum, instruction and assessment or higher education leadership, allowing you to gain specific skill sets and build your professional network within the area.
• You can learn how to better leverage technology to teach future generations. Educational technology is evolving in new and exciting ways. Learning how to incorporate technology into instructional design will allow you learning challenges in classrooms and training rooms in new ways.
• You will be qualified for senior educational leadership positions. Many elite, well-paying jobs—including superintendent, dean, and college president—require a doctorate. And, according to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics, post-secondary college administration positions will experience faster than average growth in the coming decade.a

Tips on Getting Started

By now you may be 100 percent sure you’re ready to pursue an Ed.D.. Now what? What should you look at when researching programs and an estimating a graduation date? Consider the following factors to help determine a realistic timeline for the degree:

• Transfer Credit. Ed.D. programs typically transfer academic credits earned from any previous doctoral coursework . The amount of credits you can transfer will vary from one university to another. Reaching out to admissions counselors at different schools will help you find the best fit.
• Course Load and Schedule. Whether you will be studying in a classroom or remotely, you’ll need to decide how many classes you will be able to handle per term. This will vary based on the demands of your day job and family commitments, as well as your competence and background in the subject matter. If you are working on an academic schedule you should also look into which programs offer classes during the summer (when you may have more time to commit to your studies).
• Dissertation or Capstone Project. Most Ed.D. programs conclude with a final practicum, where you take what you have learned over the course of your classes and apply it to a real-world problem. The requirements of the dissertation or capstone project will depend on the college or university. If you are able to design your project to focus on your current place of employment, you will likely be able finish in less time than someone who cannot.

If you are a mid-career education professional looking to advance your career, raise your salary, and impact real change, then the answer is: Yes, it’s worth getting the degree. An Ed.D. requires a significant investment of both time and money—and it isn’t for everyone. But by doing the research and making the investment in the right way, you can position yourself to grow your career in a meaningful, financially rewarding way.

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Should I get a Doctor of Education (EdD) Degree?

By Michael Feder

At a glance

• Earning a doctorate in education (EdD) can help prepare students for educational leadership roles in academic institutions, nonprofits and government.
• An EdD degree program generally takes three to four years to complete and often has an on-site, online or hybrid residency requirement.
• According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the annual salary range for education administrators across all education levels in May 2021 was approximately between $47,630 and $150,540 per year.
• Learn more about earning a  doctorate in education  at University of Phoenix!

There are  many advanced education degree options  to choose from, but for those who want to make an impact, earning a doctoral degree can help prepare them for leadership roles that can change the future of education. Exploring an advanced degree, like a  doctorate in education  (EdD), is one of the best ways to elevate your professional experience and develop useful skills for a number of career paths.

How long does it take to earn a doctorate in education?

Most doctorates take several years to complete, and earning a doctorate in education is no different. You should be prepared to spend  an average of three to four years  working on your doctorate. However, the time it will take you to finish the program depends on several factors.

Credit hours

Most doctoral education programs require students to complete 40 to 60 credit hours of coursework. For example, doctoral candidates at University of Phoenix have to finish 54 credit hours before they are awarded their EdD. How many credit hours you choose to take in a semester will impact the time it takes to earn your degree. Whether or not you have a master’s degree or transfer credits from another institution can also affect your time frame. To plan for your future, you will have to decide whether to attend part time or full time.

Many doctoral education programs  have an on-site, online or hybrid residency requirement , which can also influence the time it takes to complete your EdD. Some programs require a full-time on-campus residency, while others require an in-person residency for only a few weeks or weekends a year. Are you planning on working while earning your degree? Are you a parent concerned about  managing your family and your education ? You’ll need to decide what type of residency is the best fit for your life and career goals. 

Dissertation

Most doctorate-level education degrees require candidates to  complete a dissertation  to graduate. A dissertation is a robust, research-based study that doctoral candidates conduct to demonstrate a deep understanding of their field of study.

Sometimes students do not complete their dissertation before they finish their program, which can add on a few months or even years. You don’t have to know what your dissertation will cover before you apply to doctoral programs, but it can be helpful to have a general idea within the first year. For example, EdD students at University of Phoenix start their dissertations in their third course, which makes it easier for them to finish their research when they complete their doctoral coursework.

Some terminal degree programs require applicants to take the  Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) or Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)  before applying. Those doctoral programs may also require specific scores for their application process. If you select a university that requires testing, consider factoring in space to take these tests multiple times so you can submit the best possible score. Since  you can take the GRE only once every 21 days , it can significantly impact the time it takes to be accepted into a program.

How much does it cost to earn an EdD?

There are a lot of factors in choosing the right doctoral program, and cost is certainly a big one for many people. According to the Education Data Initiative, tuition for a Doctor of Education can cost an   average of $111,900 . However, that price tag may not include some additional costs.

The blog College Ave Student Loans points out that some of the  most often overlooked costs  are:

• Books, which can cost $1,200 or more each year
• Application fees, which can range from $60 to over $100 
• Computers, which can cost from $400 to over $1,000, depending on your needs
• Remote studies equipment, such as webcams and internet service
• Testing for the GRE, GMAT and other tests, which often cost $200 or more 

Another commonly neglected financial consideration is the cost of living. You may find an excellent in-person residency EdD program, but if you have to relocate to a city with a high cost of living, you could be looking at  additional expenses in rent, transportation, child care, healthcare, food and more .

University of Phoenix (UOPX) can help doctoral students save on their terminal degree. UOPX locks in tuition from the start to finish of your program with its Tuition Guarantee. Candidates for the UOPX EdD should expect to pay $810 per credit for approximately 54 credits. To learn more about the cost of this UOPX degree, visit phoenix.edu/online-education-degrees/doctor-of-education.html . 

Does earning an EdD affect how much I'll make?

A variety of variables affect a person’s earning power, including but not limited to their education level, experience, employer and employment location. However, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) notes that possessing an advanced education degree has a positive impact on both earnings and employment.

According to its 2021 “education pays” data , BLS shows that full-time employees older than 25 with a doctoral degree had median weekly earnings of $1,909, compared to $1,574 for those with a master’s-level degree. Doctoral degree holders also had an unemployment rate of 1.5% compared with 2.6% for master’s holders.

The BLS Employment Projections for 2020-2030 is published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This data reflects BLS’ projections of national (not local) conditions. These data points are not specific to University of Phoenix students or graduates.

Salary ranges are general and don’t take into consideration things like specialization, years of experience, additional benefits and cost of living. Keep in mind an instructional coordinator living in a part of the country with a greater cost of living may have a higher salary than someone with the same degree working in a different geographical area.

What careers can I choose with an EdD?

Doctoral graduates in education  have many potential avenues to find meaningful work in educational leadership in the K-12 field, higher education and more. An EdD can prepare you for a career in education as a school administrator, superintendent, principal and more. 

School administrator

Overview: School administrators are responsible for overseeing student instruction as well as research and education activities at postsecondary education institutions — such as universities, community colleges and junior colleges — or at kindergartens, elementary schools or secondary schools.

This role is broad and can encompass many student support responsibilities ranging from helping students register for classes to overseeing admissions to leading faculty research. Often, the duties of a school administrator depend on the size of the institution. Some common job titles for school administrators include superintendent, provost, academic dean, chief education officer, admissions officer and registrar.

A master’s degree is typically required to become a school administrator, but roles within higher-level positions at a college, such as provost or dean, often require a doctoral degree .

Salary: The salary range for school administrators will depend on the academic level and size of the college, as well as professional factors like the institution and the candidate’s experience and education. Below is a breakdown of earnings by academic level, according to BLS.

• School administrators across all levels earned a salary range between $47,630 and $150,540 in May 2021.
• Kindergarten through secondary education administrators earned between $61,480 to $153,520 in May 2021.
• Postsecondary education administrators earned between $59,150 to $190,770 over the same time span.

Job outlook: BLS only provides occupation outlook data for postsecondary education administrators. Employment for those roles is projected to grow by 8% between 2020-2030 .

Overview: Principals work in elementary, middle and high schools and are responsible for overseeing all daily school activities and operations . Responsibilities may include developing curriculum standards, providing a safe learning environment, managing staff, evaluating faculty performance and counseling students. Principals typically need a master’s degree, but some schools may require a doctorate . Advanced education may also be required for principals who seek education administration roles, like superintendent.

Salary: School principals earned a salary range of $61,480 to $153,520 in May 2021 , according to BLS.

Job outlook: Employment for school principals is projected to grow 8% between 2020-2030, according to BLS.

The salary ranges are not specific to students or graduates of University of Phoenix. Actual outcomes vary based on multiple factors, including prior work experience, geographic location and other factors specific to the individual. University of Phoenix does not guarantee employment, salary level or career advancement. BLS data is geographically based. Information for a specific state/city can be researched on the BLS website.

Careers with an EdD outside of academia

Professionals with an EdD don’t just work in education. They may also discover fulfilling work in nonprofits, the government sector and the corporate world. That’s why it’s important to find a doctoral program that offers career services, which not only connect graduates with career opportunities, but also help align the  graduate program curriculum with real-world careers and industry needs and trends.

An EdD is considered an advanced practitioner degree, which means graduates are drawn toward careers where they can apply their knowledge and expertise to make an impact on education systems. However, since an EdD is a terminal degree, many professionals can also conduct research and teach in tenured academic positions. 

What are the top reasons to earn an EdD?

Many people begin their journey to an EdD motivated by advancing their career as an educator and the entire field of education. This career path is an opportunity to effect real change in a system that can improve the lives of individuals and entire communities. Still, there are many additional reasons to earn an EdD, such as:

• Learning strategies for advancing education amid social and technological challenges
• Exploring and expanding your interests and expertise with a professional, publishable dissertation
• Remaining professionally competitive in the ever-changing world of education
• Enhancing your resumé and expanding job opportunities into leadership, administration and public policy
• Positioning yourself as a strong thought leader, communicator and critical thinker, skills that can be applied to various careers within the education sector and beyond

Finding the right career path  can take time and doesn’t need to be rushed. For educators interested in  professional development  and discovering new avenues for educational leadership, an EdD is one of many options that may prepare students for a fulfilling and meaningful career. 

Earn a Doctor of Education from University of Phoenix

If you are looking to pursue educational leadership roles, a Doctor of Education degree can help. University of Phoenix offers an EdD that teaches students how to use analytical, critical and innovative thinking to solve complex educational issues. Students also learn how to support an academic institution or organization with practical, research-based tools.

Doctoral programs can be earned completely online and are taught by faculty with an average of 28 years of academic experience. Visit phoenix.edu to learn more about education degrees from UOPX!

August 14, 2023 • 9 minutes

July 21, 2023 • 7 minutes

September 15, 2021 • 7 minute read

Guide to an Online Doctorate in Education Program

Staff Writers

Contributing Writer

Learn about our editorial process .

Updated April 5, 2024

TheBestSchools.org is an advertising-supported site. Featured or trusted partner programs and all school search, finder, or match results are for schools that compensate us. This compensation does not influence our school rankings, resource guides, or other editorially-independent information published on this site.

Are you ready to discover your college program?

Earning a doctorate in education online can be an important step for educators seeking leadership skills, pedagogical knowledge, and opportunities for career advancement. The doctor of education demonstrates advanced knowledge of educational leadership and teaching methodologies. An Ed.D. qualifies graduates for positions in education administration, curriculum development, classroom instruction, and education research.

Those who pursue an online doctorate in education include experienced teachers eyeing administrative positions, established school leaders seeking further advancement, and others aspiring to careers as instructional coordinators or researchers.

It is a terrific time to consider an Ed.D. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, school principals earn a median annual salary of $95,310 , while postsecondary education administrators earn $94,340 each year. Furthermore, the BLS projects 6% employment growth for instructional coordinators between 2018 and 2028, as postsecondary teacher employment grows 11% .

Covered in this article:

What else can i expect from an online doctorate in education program, how long does it take to get an online doctorate in education, accreditation for online doctorate in education degrees, which edd concentration is right for me, employment outlook for doctorate in education graduates, paying for your online doctorate in education, featured online education doctoral programs.

Doctoral programs in education are about as diverse as the schools that offer them. Many online programs require students to select an area of concentration, while others are more general. Some programs expect students to complete supervised fieldwork, and most require students to produce a dissertation.

Although students should check with their prospective schools for specific requirements, Ed.D. online programs usually incorporate coursework related to educational leadership, instruction, and research. A sample of the coursework students in an online education doctoral program may take is listed below.

Curriculum for an Online Doctorate in Education

• Cultural competence in a diverse society: Students discuss diversity as an organizational asset, and analyze opportunities and strategies for its promotion. Coursework emphasizes the development of cultural competence, awareness, and sensitivity. These are important skills for teachers, instructional coordinators, and administrators who address diverse educational and professional needs.
• Educational research design: Students receive an overview of research theories and methods in this course. Students explore qualitative and quantitative research design, as well as data analysis procedures. They examine existing research and prepare their own. This course is particularly valuable for dissertation writers and aspiring education researchers.
• Enhancing curriculum and instructional capacity: This course provides foundational knowledge for curriculum development and evaluation. Students consider the philosophical frameworks that influence curricular approaches and professional learning practices. Students improve teaching strategies and learning outcomes by restructuring established curricula. This course is especially relevant to future instructional coordinators.
• Ethical organizational leadership: This course confronts the ethical challenges that organizational leaders face, and students examine how organizational strategy relates to the development and fulfillment of a value-based mission. Students devise organizational leadership plans for hypothetical stakeholders. This is particularly relevant to elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education administrators.
• Legal environment in higher education: This course acquaints students with higher education law. Students explore legal topics related to academic freedom, affirmative action, and campus security. Students examine case studies and discuss the impacts of courtroom verdicts on institutional decision making. This course can especially benefit aspiring postsecondary education administrators.

Although lengths of study vary between schools, students in online doctoral programs in education typically complete around 60 credits.

In addition to varying coursework requirements, factors affecting program length include concentration options, research opportunities, licensure possibilities, and field experience components. Most students must also write and defend a dissertation. Programs often reserve the third year of study for this task, but some students require more time to complete it.

Online education doctoral programs may use different formats to deliver their education. A cohort model assigns students to groups, and adheres to a rigid timeline when completing and submitting assignments. Individually paced programs are more flexible, allowing students to complete coursework according to their own calendars. Regardless of scheduling format, most programs require students to complete non-dissertation coursework within a prescribed time period.

Online Ed.D. programs typically expect full-time students to spend three years fulfilling coursework and dissertation requirements.

Before enrolling in an Ed.D. program online, students should consider a school's accreditation status. Accreditation indicates that a school or degree program meets established rigor and quality standards. Many students pursue doctoral education for career advancement purposes, and employers typically look for candidates with an accredited degree.

Two types of accreditation are most common: national accreditation is administered to for-profit and career-based colleges, while regional accreditation is usually a more rigorous evaluation process granted to non-profit schools.

Generally speaking, regional accreditation is more widely respected than national accreditation. There are six regional accreditation bodies in the United States, and each monitors the quality of higher education programs within a specific geographic area. Most academically oriented universities are regionally accredited and do not accept credits from nationally accredited programs.

Students who complete an Ed.D. program online should also choose a program with Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) accreditation. CAEP accredits educator preparation programs based on content and pedagogical knowledge; clinical partnerships and practice; and candidate quality, recruitment, and selectivity.

The U.S. Department of Education (ED) is a federal agency which distributes federal education funds, collects school data, and enforces education statutes. The Council for Higher Accreditation (CHEA) is an association of American colleges and universities. These institutions support educational self-regulation through voluntary accreditation.

While the ED oversees the legal compliance and federal funding of schools, CHEA holds them to high academic quality standards. Both organizations maintain online databases of recognized accrediting agencies and all accredited schools.

Most often in doctoral level work, people want something more specific than a "general" Doctorate of Education (EdD). Here are rankings of some of the more popular options.

Popular Education & Teaching Doctoral Degrees

Counselor Education: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best, fully accredited online doctorate in counselor education programs and see how you can help people and have a successful career with a EdE or Ph.D. in counselor education online.

Curriculum & Instruction: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best online curriculum & instruction doctorate programs to help you master the art and science of designing and implementing curricula that will better engage students. Find the best school for you!

Educational Administration: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best, fully accredited online educational administration doctorate programs and see how you can help change a school, and a community, with a EdD or Ph.D. in educational administration online.

Educational Leadership: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best, fully accredited online educational leadership doctorate programs and see how you can help enact change and become a better leader with a EdD or Ph.D. in educational leadership online.

Educational Technology: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best online doctorate in educational technology programs from fully accredited universities. Learn how you can improve the education system with enhanced expertise and knowledges gained from an online doctorate program.

Higher Education: Best Online Doctoral Programs Reach the highest levels of education with an online doctorate in higher education from a fully accredited online university. Prepare for a career as a principal, dean or other administrator.

Special Education: Best Online Doctoral Programs Find the best, fully accredited online Ph.D. in special education programs, and learn how you can impact the education system for all students, especially those with special needs.

Doctorate in Education Careers

Earning a doctorate in education online qualifies educators to advance in many careers. Some graduates focus on educational leadership and become school or college administrators, while others apply their investigative skills to positions in education research. Some Ed.D. holders design and implement curricula as instructional coordinators, while others reenter the classroom at the postsecondary level.

Students completing an online doctoral program in education may consider employment in one of the positions listed below.

Doctorate in Education Salary

Factors affecting the earning potential of postsecondary education administrators include education level, professional experience, geographic location, and employer type. The table below contains salary data for postsecondary education administrators in the industries with the highest employment levels for the occupation.

Administrators in colleges, universities, and professional schools receive the best compensation on average. Junior colleges pay slightly more than elementary and secondary schools, while technical and other schools offer the lowest mean annual salary.

Postsecondary Education Administrator Salaries by Employer Type

Source: BLS

Education Professional Organizations

Professional organizations can be a valuable resource for students and graduates of online Ed.D. programs. These organizations connect instructional coordinators, school administrators, and education researchers to opportunities for professional networking and political advocacy. Other member benefits include training resources, annual conferences, career assistance, and research publications. Some organizations also offer product discounts, insurance benefits, and legal services.

Doctorate in education online students may benefit from joining one of the organizations listed below.

• Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development: ASCD promotes research-based and student-centered teaching practices. Members receive access to webinars, an online library, research publications, professional development resources, and discounted teaching supplies.
• School Superintendents Association: AASA provides certification, leadership, and professional learning opportunities to superintendents and school system leaders. Members participate in conferences, webinars, and advocacy initiatives. Other benefits include research access, career services, and funding opportunities.
• American Educational Research Association: AERA promotes education research. Student members may participate in research divisions, special interest groups, advocacy initiatives, and the AERA graduate student council. They may also access research, career, and funding resources.

Students who enroll in an online Ed.D. program should begin researching financial aid options as soon as possible. Many schools provide aid to students who demonstrate academic merit or financial need, and some institutions even have program-specific scholarships. Students working on a doctor of education online may also find funding from professional associations, community programs, and private foundations.

Many degree seekers qualify to receive need-based grants or low-interest loans from the government. Before enrolling in an online education doctoral program, students should submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid to determine their eligibility for federal financial assistance.

Degree-seeking teachers occasionally receive employer-sponsored tuition assistance or reimbursement. Because employing highly qualified educators benefits schools, some set aside funds specifically for those pursuing graduate credentials.

Students who complete an online Ed.D. program may also participate in the Teacher Loan Forgiveness Program . This government initiative offers student loan forgiveness to qualifying educators who teach in low-income schools or educational service agencies. Depending on their financial and employment situations, graduates who work in the public sector may choose to participate in the similar Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program instead.

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How Long Does It Take to Get a Ph.D. Degree?

Earning a Ph.D. from a U.S. grad school typically requires nearly six years, federal statistics show.

How Long It Takes to Get a Ph.D. Degree

Caiaimage | Tom Merton | Getty Images

A Ph.D. is most appropriate for someone who is a "lifelong learner."

Students who have excelled within a specific academic discipline and who have a strong interest in that field may choose to pursue a Ph.D. degree. However, Ph.D. degree-holders urge prospective students to think carefully about whether they truly want or need a doctoral degree, since Ph.D. programs last for multiple years.

According to the Survey of Earned Doctorates, a census of recent research doctorate recipients who earned their degree from U.S. institutions, the median amount of time it took individuals who received their doctorates in 2017 to complete their program was 5.8 years. However, there are many types of programs that typically take longer than six years to complete, such as humanities and arts doctorates, where the median time for individuals to earn their degree was 7.1 years, according to the survey.

Some Ph.D. candidates begin doctoral programs after they have already obtained master's degrees, which means the time spent in grad school is a combination of the time spent pursuing a master's and the years invested in a doctorate. In order to receive a Ph.D. degree, a student must produce and successfully defend an original academic dissertation, which must be approved by a dissertation committtee. Writing and defending a dissertation is so difficult that many Ph.D. students drop out of their Ph.D. programs having done most of the work necessary for degree without completing the dissertation component. These Ph.D. program dropouts often use the phrase " all but dissertation " or the abbreviation "ABD" on their resumes.

According to a comprehensive study of Ph.D. completion rates published by The Council of Graduate Schools in 2008, only 56.6% of people who begin Ph.D. programs earn Ph.D. degrees.

Ian Curtis, a founding partner with H&C Education, an educational and admissions consulting firm, who is pursuing a Ph.D. degree in French at Yale University , says there are several steps involved in the process of obtaining a Ph.D. Students typically need to fulfill course requirements and pass comprehensive exams, Curtis warns. "Once these obligations have been completed, how long it takes you to write your dissertation depends on who you are, how you work, what field you're in and what other responsibilities you have in life," he wrote in an email. Though some Ph.D. students can write a dissertation in a single year, that is rare, and the dissertation writing process may last for several years, Curtis says.

Curtis adds that the level of support a Ph.D. student receives from an academic advisor or faculty mentor can be a key factor in determining the length of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. program. "Before you decide to enroll at a specific program, you’ll want to meet your future advisor," Curtis advises. "Also, reach out to his or her current and former students to get a sense of what he or she is like to work with."

Curtis also notes that if there is a gap between the amount of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. and the amount of time a student's funding lasts, this can slow down the Ph.D. completion process. "Keep in mind that if you run out of funding at some point during your doctorate, you will need to find paid work, and this will leave you even less time to focus on writing your dissertation," he says. "If one of the programs you’re looking at has a record of significantly longer – or shorter – times to competition, this is good information to take into consideration."

He adds that prospective Ph.D. students who already have master's degrees in the field they intend to focus their Ph.D. on should investigate whether the courses they took in their master's program would count toward the requirements of a Ph.D. program. "You’ll want to discuss your particular situation with your program to see whether this will be possible, and how many credits you are likely to receive as the result of your master’s work," he says.

How to Write M.D.-Ph.D. Application Essays

Ilana Kowarski May 15, 2018

Emmanuel C. Nwaodua, who has a Ph.D. degree in geology, says some Ph.D. programs require candidates to publish a paper in a first-rate, peer-reviewed academic journal. "This could extend your stay by a couple of years," he warns.

Pierre Huguet, the CEO and co-founder of H&C Education, says prospective Ph.D. students should be aware that a Ph.D. is designed to prepare a person for a career as a scholar. "Most of the jobs available to Ph.D. students upon graduation are academic in nature and directly related to their fields of study: professor, researcher, etc.," Huguet wrote in an email. "The truth is that more specialization can mean fewer job opportunities. Before starting a Ph.D., students should be sure that they want to pursue a career in academia, or in research. If not, they should make time during the Ph.D. to show recruiters that they’ve traveled beyond their labs and libraries to gain some professional hands-on experience."

Jack Appleman, a business writing instructor, published author and Ph.D. candidate focusing on organizational communication with the University at Albany—SUNY , says Ph.D. programs require a level of commitment and focus that goes beyond what is necessary for a typical corporate job. A program with flexible course requirements that allow a student to customize his or her curriculum based on academic interests and personal obligations is ideal, he says.

Joan Kee, a professor at the University of Michigan with the university's history of art department, says that the length of time required for a Ph.D. varies widely depending on what subject the Ph.D. focuses on. "Ph.D. program length is very discipline and even field-specific; for example, you can and are expected to finish a Ph.D, in economics in under five years, but that would be impossible in art history (or most of the humanities)," she wrote in an email.

Kee adds that humanities Ph.D. programs often require someone to learn a foreign language, and "fields like anthropology and art history require extensive field research." Kee says funding for a humanities Ph.D. program typically only lasts five years, even though it is uncommon for someone to obtain a Ph.D. degree in a humanities field within that time frame. "Because of this, many if not most Ph.D. students must work to make ends meet, thus further prolonging the time of completion," she says.

Jean Marie Carey, who earned her Ph.D. degree in art history and German from the University of Otago in New Zealand, encourages prospective Ph.D. students to check whether their potential Ph.D. program has published a timeline of how long it takes a Ph.D. student to complete their program. She says it is also prudent to speak with Ph.D. graduates of the school and ask about their experience.

Online Doctoral Programs: What to Expect

Ronald Wellman March 23, 2018

Kristin Redington Bennett, the founder of the Illumii educational consulting firm in North Carolina, encourages Ph.D. hopefuls to think carefully about whether they want to become a scholar. Bennett, who has a Ph.D. in curriculum and assessment and who previously worked as an assistant professor at Wake Forest University , says a Ph.D. is most appropriate for someone who is a "lifelong learner." She says someone contemplating a Ph.D. should ask themselves the following questions "Are you a very curious person... and are you persistent?"

Bennett urges prospective Ph.D. students to visit the campuses of their target graduate programs since a Ph.D. program takes so much time that it is important to find a school that feels comfortable. She adds that aspiring Ph.D. students who prefer a collaborative learning environment should be wary of graduate programs that have a cut-throat and competitive atmosphere, since such students may not thrive in that type of setting.

Alumni of Ph.D. programs note that the process of obtaining a Ph.D. is arduous, regardless of the type of Ph.D. program. "A Ph.D. is a long commitment of your time, energy and financial resources, so it'll be easier on you if you are passionate about research," says Grace Lee, who has a Ph.D. in neuroscience and is the founder and CEO of Mastery Insights, an education and career coaching company, and the host of the Career Revisionist podcast.

"A Ph.D. isn't about rehashing years of knowledge that is already out there, but rather it is about your ability to generate new knowledge. Your intellectual masterpiece (which is your dissertation) takes a lot of time, intellectual creativity and innovation to put together, so you have to be truly passionate about that," Lee says.

Curtis says a prospective Ph.D. student's enthusiasm for academic work, teaching and research are the key criteria they should use to decide whether to obtain a Ph.D. degree. "While the time it takes to complete a doctorate is an understandable concern for many, my personal belief is that time is not the most important factor to consider," he says. "Good Ph.D. programs provide their students with generous stipends, health care and sometimes even subsidized housing."

Erin Skelly, a graduate admissions counselor at the IvyWise admissions consulting firm, says when a Ph.D. students struggles to complete his or her Ph.D. degree, it may have more to do with the student's academic interests or personal circumstances than his or her program.

"The time to complete a Ph.D. can depend on a number of variables, but the specific discipline or school would only account for a year or two's difference," she wrote in an email. "When a student takes significantly longer to complete a Ph.D. (degree), it's usually related to the student's coursework and research – they need to take additional coursework to complete their comprehensive exams; they change the focus of their program or dissertation, requiring extra coursework or research; or their research doesn't yield the results they hoped for, and they need to generate a new theory and conduct more research."

Skelly warns that the average completion time of a Ph.D. program may be misleading in some cases, if the average is skewed based on one or two outliers. She suggests that instead of focusing on the duration of a particular Ph.D. program, prospective students should investigate the program's attritition and graduation rates.

"It is worthwhile to look at the program requirements and the school's proposed timeline for completion, and meet current students to get their input on how realistic these expectations for completion are," Skelly says. "That can give you an honest idea of how long it will really take to complete the program."

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How Long Does It Take To Get a PhD?

A PhD program typically takes four to seven years, but a variety of factors can impact that timeline.

A PhD , or doctorate degree , is the highest degree you can earn in certain disciplines, such as psychology, engineering, education, and mathematics. As a result, it often takes longer to earn than it does for a bachelor’s or master’s degree.

While many PhD programs are designed to be finished in four or five years, the average completion time is much longer when you factor in the time it takes to research and write a dissertation. In 2020, for example, doctoral students took between six and twelve years to complete their PhDs [ 1 ]. By comparison, you can complete a master's degree in one to three years.

In this article, we'll explore the requirements of a PhD, what often ends up adding to the length of time, and important factors you should consider when deciding whether it’s the right choice for you.

PhD requirements + general timeline

Doctoral programs typically require PhD candidates to take take advanced courses, pass a comprehensive exam (sometimes called "comps"), and produce an original body of research, such as a dissertation, to obtain the degree. In some cases, you may also be expected to fulfill a teaching assistantship or research assistantship, both of which are meant to prepare you for a career in academia or research.

PhD requirements

The precise requirements you'll need to complete in order to get your PhD vary from one program to another, but some common tasks include:

Advanced coursework: Graduate-level coursework that explores a number of advanced sub-topics related to your field

Comprehensive exam: An exam that requires you to show knowledge of your field, such as its history, important figures, major theories or research, and more

Dissertation: An original body of research you contribute to your field

PhD timeline

The specifics of a PhD program vary by college and university, but the following estimates give you an idea of what to expect during your time in graduate school:

Year 1: Complete advanced coursework.

Year 2: Complete advanced coursework and begin preparing for your comprehensive exams.

Year 3: Study, take, and defend your comprehensive exams. Begin researching your dissertation proposal.

Year 4: Submit your dissertation proposal to your committee chair, and, once approved, begin working on your dissertation.

Year 5: Finish writing your dissertation and submit for committee approval. Defend your dissertation and apply for graduation.

Note that while this timeline gives a general timeline of how long it will take to complete a PhD program, it's very common for candidates to take more than one year to research and compose their dissertation.

Read more: Should You Go Back to School? 7 Things to Consider

PhD timelines by focus

Some PhD programs take longer to complete than others. For example, earning a doctorate in a science and engineering field typically takes less time than earning a doctorate in the arts or humanities, according to data from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) [ 1 ]. The list below shows the median length of time it took doctorate students to earn their degree in 2020:

Physical and Earth Sciences: 6.3 

Engineering: 6.8 years

Life sciences: 6.9 years

Mathematics and computer science: 7 years

Psychology and Social Sciences: 7.9 years

Humanities and arts: 9.6 years

Education: 12 years

Learn more: What Is a Terminal Degree and Do I Need One?

Why does it take so long to complete a PhD?

There are a few reasons why it takes more time to complete a PhD compared to other advanced degrees.

1. Dissertations

Once a doctoral student has successfully passed their comps, they are considered “All But Dissertation” or “ABD.” Yet, the number of students who successfully complete their PhD program remains low—estimates show that nearly 50 percent of students drop out, often after reaching the dissertation phase [ 2 ].

The dissertation phase can often take much longer to complete than the other requirements of a PhD. Researching and writing a dissertation takes significant time because students are expected to make an original and notable contribution to their field.

2. Assistantship obligations

Teaching and research assistantships are beneficial because they can help pay for a PhD program, but they may also take time away from working on your dissertation. Some students are expected to teach at least one class per semester on top of their other obligations as graduate students.

For universities that reduce the teaching or research load that students have as part of their assistantship, times to completion tend to improve. Humanities students at Princeton University began finishing their degree in 6.4 years (compared to 7.5 years) thanks to the institution's financial support and the reduced number of classes students taught [ 3 ].

3. Other responsibilities

Doctoral students tend to be older. Graduate students pursuing a PhD in science or engineering were an average of 31.6 years old by the time they earned their degree in 2016, according to the National Science Foundation [ 4 ]. In effect, some PhD students may have competing obligations, such as family. If a student’s funding has run out, and they have to find full-time work, it also may affect the time they can dedicate to writing their dissertation.

Is a PhD right for you?

People pursue PhDs for various reasons: Some want a job that requires the degree, such as teaching at a university, while others want the challenges or intellectual engagement that a graduate program offers. Identifying why you want to earn a PhD can help indicate whether it’s your best choice.

If your career aspirations don't require a PhD, it might be better to focus on gaining professional experience. Or if you're interested in an advanced education, a master's degree may be a better option. It takes less time to complete than a PhD and can lead to more career opportunities and larger salaries than a bachelor's degree.

Learn more: Is a Master’s Degree Worth It?

Benefits of a PhD

The primary advantage of earning a PhD is your increased demand and marketability in the workforce.

In 2018, less than 5 percent of the United States population had a doctorate degree, compared to about 48 percent with a bachelor's degree and 21 percent with a master's degree, according to the US Census Bureau [ 5 ]. As a member of this elite group, the potential for advanced roles, promotions, or pay raises may be greater.

Even before you have a degree in hand, working toward a PhD gives you opportunities to hone valuable skills , including writing, research, and data analysis . Furthermore, completing a PhD program can demonstrate to potential employers that you have specialized knowledge and the fortitude to finish such an advanced degree.

Costs of a PhD

Beyond the time they take to complete, PhD programs can be expensive. The average cost of a PhD program in the United States is just under $100,000. At some schools, the cost of a PhD can even exceed $200,000 [ 6 ]. While many institutions offer funding support in the form of assistantships or scholarships, many PhD students still graduate with student loan debt. In 2023, the average student loan debt for PhD was $134,797 [ 7 ].

Another factor to consider is the loss of income you might incur while you're working toward your degree. Some graduate students accept teaching or research assistantships to help fund the cost of their program, but these may not pay as much as full-time positions. Working on your education may also mean pausing the professional experience you’d gain in the workforce—and potentially losing out on promotions and raises. However, it’s worth noting that graduate degree holders earn much more over the course of their lifetime than bachelor’s degree holders, according to the US Social Security Administration [ 8 ].

Read more: How to Pay for Graduate School: 8 Ways

Set yourself up for success

A PhD is a major accomplishment. As you think about your long-term goals and whether a PhD will help you achieve them, it's important to understand ways you can set yourself up for success. According to the University of Georgia, success in a PhD program often means [ 9 ]:

Understanding the demands and expectations of the program

Receiving adequate program orientation

Getting support from peers and faculty

Feeling a sense of belonging as a member of an academic community

These conditions underscore the importance of choosing the right program and school to fit your personal and professional goals. Take time to research the ways your potential institution offers financial support, mental health support, and career placement support, among other program features.

An advanced degree can be a lucrative credential. You can earn your master’s in a number of in-demand fields from top universities on Coursera. Earn a degree in computer science , business , management , or public health , all while enjoying greater flexibility than an in-person degree program tends to offer. Earning your master's can also help you discern whether a PhD makes sense for your larger objectives.

Article sources

Survey of Earned Doctorates. " Path to the doctorate , https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf22300/report/path-to-the-doctorate." Accessed January 30, 2024.

International Journal of Higher Education. “ Who Are the Doctoral Students Who Drop Out? , https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1188721.pdf.” Accessed January 30, 2024.

The New York Times. " Exploring Ways to Shorten the Ascent to a PhD , https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/03/education/03education.html." Accessed January 30, 2024.

National Science Foundation. " Science and Engineering Doctorates , https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2018/nsf18304/report/age-at-doctorate-award-what-are-the-overall-trends-and-characteristics/characteristics-of-doctorate-recipients-sex.cfm." Accessed January 30, 2024.

US Census Bureau. " About 13.1 Percent Have a Master’s, Professional Degree or Doctorate , https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2019/02/number-of-people-with-masters-and-phd-degrees-double-since-2000.html." Accessed January 30, 2024.

Education Data Initiative. " Average Cost of a Doctorate Degree , https://educationdata.org/average-cost-of-a-doctorate-degree." Accessed January 30, 2024.

Education Data Initiative. " Average Graduate Student Loan Debt , https://educationdata.org/average-graduate-student-loan-debt." Accessed January 30, 2024.

Social Security Administration. " Education and Lifetime Earnings , https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/research-summaries/education-earnings.html." Accessed January 30, 2024.

 A Data-Driven Approach to Improving Doctoral Completion. " Chapter 2: Description of Projects , https://cgsnet.org/cgs-occasional-paper-series/university-georgia/chapter-2." Accessed January 30, 2024.

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Coursera’s editorial team is comprised of highly experienced professional editors, writers, and fact...

This content has been made available for informational purposes only. Learners are advised to conduct additional research to ensure that courses and other credentials pursued meet their personal, professional, and financial goals.

10 EdD Degree Jobs in Demand (with Salary Info)

Posted by Dr. Raymond Bandlow, Director Doctoral Studies in Education at Gwynedd Mercy University

Education changes lives for the better. If you’re a professional educator, you already know that an enormous amount of expertise, planning, and decision making happens before students set foot in a classroom. This planning ensures students are being taught the right material in the right way, with the resources and support they need to succeed. 

If you’re interested in growing your career in education, you’ve probably considered earning a graduate degree to gain the skills, knowledge, and competitive edge you need. A doctorate in education (EdD) program could be the right program for you. But is it worth the time and effort?

This short guide to careers with a doctorate in education can help you decide. This article describes what you can do with an EdD degree, including EdD degree jobs and current salary information from sources like the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Salary.com, and Payscale.com. 

GMercyU is a leader in graduate education, offering   online doctorate in education programs   that help educators like you take the next step in their careers. We hope this guide offers you food for thought as you plan your path forward in the exciting, challenging field of education.

How Long Does It Take to Complete an EdD Degree?

Is a doctor of education (edd) degree worth it, earn your doctor of education (edd degree) at gmercyu.

Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, the field of education was in need of leaders and administrators who could shape the future of a 21st-century education. This means that in addition to experience and passion, employers are looking for qualified applicants with an EdD degree. 

These employers aren’t just in school districts, either. There are more jobs for EdD degree holders than you might expect. If you’re wondering what you can do with a doctorate in education, read on for career descriptions, salary information, and more.

School Principal (High School, Middle School, Elementary School)

Median Annual Salary:   $96,400 (May 2019)*  Educational Requirements:   Graduate degree (MEd or EdD), licensure (in public schools)

School principals direct the academic and administrative functions of individual elementary, middle, and high schools. They recruit and hire staff, oversee finances, approve decisions about curriculum and textbooks, and act as community liaisons between the school, families, and other organizations. They may also play a role in discipline for both students and faculty.

Instructional Coordinator

Median Annual Salary:   $66,290 (May 2019)* Educational Requirements:   Graduate degree (MEd, EdD or PhD) 

Instructional coordinators work in PK-12 schools, school districts and for government organizations that oversee education at the local, state or federal level. They are responsible for researching, designing, and implementing the academic instruction at their school or schools. 

Instructional coordinators analyze student data to determine progress on outcomes, evaluate and coach teachers, and review textbooks or instructional technology solutions to determine what best fits their students’ needs. While it is possible to become a school-level instructional coordinator with a master’s degree, roles at the district level or in government organizations may require a doctorate in education. 

School Superintendent

Median Annual Salary:   $162,652 (June 2020)* Educational Requirements:   Doctoral degree (EdD or PhD), certification (varies by state) 

School superintendents are the chief executive officers of a PK-12 school district. They oversee the financial management of the district, hire and recruit administrators such as principals and instructional coordinators, and also play a key role in handling emergencies or community outreach. Most superintendents are experienced educators who have worked their way up from the classroom to the boardroom. 

College Instructor/ Professor

Median Annual Salary : $79,540 (May 2019)* Educational Requirements:   Doctoral degree (EdD or PhD) 

Can you be a professor with a doctorate in education? Yes. College instructors teach online and on campus at community colleges or colleges and universities. They work with faculty and their dean to plan and deliver academic programs. 

In addition to teaching, they evaluate student assessments, perform research and may provide advising to graduate students, including doctoral degree candidates. Salary will vary by seniority, field of expertise, and location. 

Academic Dean

Median Annual Salary:   $91,489 (May 2020)* Educational Requirements:   Doctoral degree (EdD or PhD) 

Academic deans are in charge of their academic departments. They take the lead role in shaping programs, hiring staff, overseeing budgets, and representing their department in meetings at the college level. They are usually experienced professors who have gained administrative experience as well as expertise in their field.

Median Annual Salary:   $149,021 (May 2020)*  Educational Requirements:   Doctoral degree (EdD or PhD) 

At most U.S. colleges and universities, the provost is the chief academic officer. They are the immediate supervisors of academic deans and usually considered the “number two” of the institution after the college president. They hire deans, have input into faculty hiring, and coordinate instructional planning and delivery as well as research. They will also liaise with or even oversee academic support functions such as libraries, laboratories, and IT departments. 

Other Post-Secondary Administrator (Non-Academic)

Median Annual Salary:   $95,410 (May 2019)* Educational Requirements:   Graduate degree (MEd, EdD or PhD) 

Colleges and universities of all sizes need administrators to oversee non-academic functions, such as student affairs, athletics, instructional technology, campus security, and more. These administrators’ roles will vary depending upon the size of their college and the department they are responsible for, but in general, administrators of non-academic departments take the lead in HR, financial, and operational issues. Candidates for these administrative roles may come from outside of academia or be experienced instructors.

College President

Median Annual Salary:   $277,234 (June 2020)* Educational Requirements:   Doctoral degree (EdD, PhD) 

College presidents are the chief executives of colleges and universities. They are responsible for developing and implementing the school’s vision and mission. They oversee and direct all academic, operational, and financial aspects of the organization. College presidents report to the college’s Board of Trustees. Salary varies widely depending on the candidate’s qualifications, experience, and the size and location of the institution. The president of a small private college, for example, will usually earn less than the president of a large state university system.

Training and Development Manager

Median Annual Salary:   $61,210 (May 2019)* Educational Requirements:   Bachelor’s degree for entry-level jobs; graduate degree preferred 

Training and development managers work in a wide variety of organizations, including private-sector corporations, to help design, direct and deliver training for employees. They evaluate training needs, design in-person and online modules, develop instruction manuals and much more. At a senior level, they may have responsibility for budgets and hiring of any staff they manage. 

Chief Learning Officer

Median Annual Salary:   $198,700 (June 2020)* Educational Requirements:   Graduate degree required; Doctoral degree highly preferred

The role of chief learning officer (CLO) was created in the 1990s and is a relatively new type of career with a Doctor of Education.  CLOs are responsible for the training and development of all employees in a corporation or other organization. They focus on developing training strategies that align with the overall goals of their organization, measuring outcomes, and evaluating new technologies or approaches for nurturing employee and executive talent. 

CLOs need advanced understanding of human development, teaching, and learning as well as statistics, technology, and other fields which contribute to effective training. That’s why it’s an in-demand EdD job.

Earning an EdD degree takes a minimum of two to three years depending on your level of education and the format of your doctoral program. 

Generally, an EdD takes less time to earn than a PhD. That is because PhD programs focus heavily on research and scholarship for the sake of advancing a field of study, while EdD programs focus on applying research to practical academic leadership or teaching. If you are passionate about teaching, instructional design or shaping great institutions of learning, the hands-on leadership an EdD emphasizes could be ideal for you.

Absolutely! Earning your EdD opens the door to many exciting new career opportunities in administration, higher education, and corporate leadership – opportunities that offer meaningful work helping shape the schools and universities that educate future leaders, or the corporate training programs that help others fulfill their potential at work. 

Additionally, the Doctor of Education salary boost is real: according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, workers with a doctoral degree took home the highest weekly salaries of any worker in 2019, with a median weekly wage of $1,883. By comparison, master’s degree holders took home median weekly earnings of $1,497 per week. 

Ready to advance your career in education? Earn your EdD degree with a university known for providing quality graduate education in a flexible format. In as few as two years and eight months, you can earn an   accelerated online Doctorate of Education (EdD) . Our program features four concentrations, an A.B.D. completion option, an exceptional graduation rate, and dissertation support from day one to prepare you for your future in educational leadership.   Learn more today.

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How Long Does It Take to Earn a PhD?

Cece Gilmore is a Content Writer at Scholarships360. Cece earned her undergraduate degree in Journalism and Mass Communications from Arizona State University. While at ASU, she was the education editor as well as a published staff reporter at Downtown Devil. Cece was also the co-host of her own radio show on Blaze Radio ASU.

Learn about our editorial policies

Cari Schultz is an Educational Review Board Advisor at Scholarships360, where she reviews content featured on the site. For over 20 years, Cari has worked in college admissions (Baldwin Wallace University, The Ohio State University, University of Kentucky) and as a college counselor (Columbus School for Girls).

Maria Geiger is Director of Content at Scholarships360. She is a former online educational technology instructor and adjunct writing instructor. In addition to education reform, Maria’s interests include viewpoint diversity, blended/flipped learning, digital communication, and integrating media/web tools into the curriculum to better facilitate student engagement. Maria earned both a B.A. and an M.A. in English Literature from Monmouth University, an M. Ed. in Education from Monmouth University, and a Virtual Online Teaching Certificate (VOLT) from the University of Pennsylvania.

How long is a PhD program? That might be one of the first questions you ask yourself If you are thinking of earning a PhD. You have probably heard a range of years, and that is because how long it takes to earn a PhD depends on a number of factors. Keep reading to learn more!! 

What is a PhD? 

PhD stands for a “Doctorate of Philosophy.” This is an academic degree that qualifies the degree holder to teach their chosen subject at university level or to work in a specialized position in their chosen field. In general, the PhD is the highest level of degree a student can achieve. 

Also see: Top fully funded PhD programs

Why get a PhD? 

A PhD is a serious commitment with a serious return on investment. Here is a list of professional and personal benefits for earning a PhD. 

How long does it take to earn a PhD? 

Earning a PhD usually takes between four and seven years to complete, depending on the type of PhD as well as the schools requirements, the students educational background, and personal progress. Students who take full-time classes can typically finish in four years. A typical PhD program requires anywhere from 60 to 120 semester credit hours . 

Why earning a PhD takes years to earn

Assistantship obligations.

Teaching and research assistantships can be very beneficial for the experience they provide and the potential funding, but they can also be time consuming obligations for PhD students. Therefore, assistantships may affect the amount of time it takes to complete a PhD program. 

Comprehensive examinations

Universities often require students to demonstrate their readiness in a PhD program through comprehensive exams. These comprehensive exams may be known as: 

• Preliminary examinations
• Major field examinations
• Comprehensive exams or “Comps”
• General examinations

Dissertation

A dissertation is an in-depth research document that serves as the culmination of a doctoral program. It is an important document that demonstrates a student’s original research and contribution to their field of study. 

The dissertation involves conducting extensive research, reviewing previous literature, analyzing data, and presenting your findings in a structured manner. Once the dissertation is completed, it is typically defended orally in front of a committee of faculty members who assess the quality and validity of the research. 

Average PhD timeline

The specific of a PhD timeline carried by college and university. However, the following is a good overview of the average PhD program. 

• Year 1: Take advanced courses
• Year 2: Take advanced courses and begin preparing for exams
• Year 3: Study, take and defend your comprehensive exams and begin researching your dissertation proposal
• Year 4: Begin working on your dissertation
• Year 5: Finish and defend your dissertation 

Average PhD completion by focus

According to data from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics the average time in years from graduate school entry to doctorate it took students to receive their degree in 2020 in certain fields is listed below. 

• Life sciences = 6.9 years
• Physical sciences and earth sciences = 6.3 years
• Mathematics and computer sciences = 7.0 years
• Psychology and social sciences = 7.9 years
• Engineering = 6.8 years
• Education = 12.0 years
• Humanities and arts = 9.6 years
• Other non-S&E fields = 9.3 years

Related : Top 10 PhD in Education programs

How to finish your PhD is less time

Look for accelerated classes.

Accelerated courses are an easy way to reduce the amount of time it takes to finish a PhD. Therefore, look into if your program offers any shorter courses. 

Work on your dissertation throughout the program

Working on your dissertation little by little throughout the program will allow you to speed up your doctoral timeline. In addition, it may reduce the likelihood that you’ll drop out before finishing your final project.

Maintain regular communication with your advisor

Establish regular communication with your advisor or supervisor. Regular meetings can help you receive guidance, address any issues, and ensure you are heading in the right direction.

Seek feedback early and often

Share your work and progress with your advisor, peers, or other trusted individuals often. Then, you should incorporate suggestions and revisions as you go along. This will help you refine your work and avoid major revisions later.  

Maintain a healthy school-life balance

While it is important to be dedicated to your PhD, it’s just as important to maintain a healthy work-life balance. Therefore, be sure to prioritize yourself! While finishing your PhD in less time is a great feat, it is important that you are not sacrificing your well-being while doing so.

Key Takeaways

• PhD stands for “doctorate of philosophy” and is generally the highest level of degree a student can earn
• There are many professional and personal benefits to earning a PhD which can lead to a serious return on investment
• A PhD program typically takes 4-7 years to complete. However, it can take longer or shorter depending on personal circumstances and field of study 
• With planning and guidance from advisors, students can sometimes complete PhDs in less time

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Frequently asked questions about how long it takes to earn a PhD 

Do i need to have a master’s degree to get a phd, what is the easiest phd to earn, can i finish my phd earlier than the estimated time frame, what happens if i don’t complete my phd within the expected timeframe, can i work while pursuing a phd, can i accelerate the process of earning a phd, scholarships360 recommended.

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Is a Doctorate Degree Worth It?

Know before you read At SNHU, we want to make sure you have the information you need to make decisions about your education and your future—no matter where you choose to go to school. That's why our informational articles may reference careers for which we do not offer academic programs, along with salary data for those careers. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

Earning a doctorate takes time, money and discipline. Like many things worth doing, the process is challenging but also rewarding. Becoming an expert in your subject area and immersing yourself in your chosen area of study makes the process of earning a doctorate important to many people. Certain professions require or value a doctorate for promotion potential.

In fact, career advancement, love of the subject matter and personal satisfaction are three of the top reasons why Dr. Bridgitte Kiprop '23 , Dr. Jennifer Barry ’23 and Dr. Torialyn Draper Crook earned their doctorates.

• For Kiprop '23, part of her motivation for earning a doctorate in International Business was setting an example for her six children.
• For Barry, ’23, who earned a doctor of education degree in educational leadership, part of her motivation was to prepare for success in meeting her long-term career goal to become a university president.
• And for Crook, earning her doctorate in education was a commitment that she undertook to honor her family’s legacy of valuing education.

How Difficult is Earning a Doctorate?

For Kiprop, time management was her key to success. With six children, she had to make the most of any time in the day that she could find. “If I had … five minutes, I would use the five minutes,” she said. “Other times, I was luckier (and had) two hours.”

Despite the time-management  challenges of earning an advanced degree while raising her family, Kiprop feels that the process of earning that degree was a way to inspire her children to work hard to meet their own goals.

“I really hope that my children will ... know that whatever it is they feel called to do, whatever their ambitions, their goals are achievable,” she said.

To manage the challenge of advanced studies, having the right people around you as you work on your degree is essential, according to Crook. “Surround yourself with family, friends, colleagues and mentors who can provide encouragement during challenging times,” she said.

Crook stresses that everyone’s journey to earning their doctorate is unique. She recommends being prepared for the unexpected, and remaining flexible in adjusting your path as you work toward completing your degree.

How Long Does a Doctorate Take?

Students may have family commitments, health challenges or need to work full or part-time while attending school . Many students face all of these circumstances. Crook managed to complete her doctorate in 5 years, though it wasn't easy for her. She faced a significant personal health challenge and was raising two children while also attending school.

For Barry, earning her doctoral degree is part of an educational path that started with her bachelor’s degree at SNHU (formerly New Hampshire College) in 2000. She then continued her education to earn a master's degree throughout several jobs and geographic moves.

Barry views her entire educational journey as part of the process that led to meeting her ultimate goal of earning a doctorate.

What Skills Are Needed to Earn a Doctorate?

While every academic program is different, Crook finds certain skills and competencies necessary for success, regardless of field. These skills include:

• Building relationships
• Organizational skills
• Self-motivation
• Writing skills

Crook finds building relationships particularly important. While working on her degree, the strong relationship that she developed with her dissertation chairperson proved essential. She also built positive relationships with other doctoral students, which led to a strong peer support network throughout her program.

Kiprop echoes the importance of building relationships in her field as well. For her, building new relationships is a way to open your mind to new experiences and opportunities.

Find Your Program

What types of jobs can you get with a doctorate.

While a doctorate is helpful for working in leadership roles at colleges and universities, there are many opportunities for doctoral degree holders to work at the highest levels in their profession outside of higher education as well.

Some of the top professions that require a doctoral or professional degree and have a faster-than-average predicted growth rate, according to the BLS, are:

• Astronomers* (SNHU does not currently offer graduate degrees in astronomy or physics)
• Biochemists and biophysicists* (SNHU does not currently offer graduate degrees in biochemistry or biophysics)
• Clinical and counseling psychologists* (SNHU does not currently offer doctorates in psychology, but you could start with a bachelor's in psychology , followed by a master's in psychology )
• Higher education teachers and professors — particularly business, computer science and engineering teachers*

Two more examples of areas where a doctorate can help prepare you for advancement in your career are educational leadership and international business.

A doctorate in educational leadership can be a Doctor of Philosophy degree, known as a PhD, or a Doctor of Education degree, known as an EdD. The PhD in Education Leadership  typically leads to higher education roles in teaching and research. The EdD in Educational Leadership , which Barry earned, typically leads to leadership and strategy roles in an education setting that may be at the higher education or secondary school level.

A PhD in International Business  may include addressing a gap in an existing body of knowledge by conducting research. Kiprop, who earned her doctorate at SNHU, plans to use her degree to research entrepreneurship in small business finance.

Motivated by being from a developing country — Kenya — she has a personal interest in helping grow small businesses in similar developing areas. “I can also use that same knowledge at the New Hampshire level because the issues there perhaps are different but still … relevant,” she said.

Regardless of your program field, the process of earning a doctorate can help you explore ways of applying your newfound and existing knowledge that you may not have considered prior to starting your program.

Is it Better to Have a Master’s or Doctorate?

Both a master’s degree  and a doctorate offer opportunities for career advancement. Choosing which to earn, or whether to earn both, is a highly personal decision based on your personal and professional goals and aspirations, according to Crook.

Before deciding which degree is right for you, consider your goals. Speaking with a career counselor  or graduate admissions counselor to learn about career options and pathways toward earning the degree can be a helpful step toward making this decision.

In many fields, a master’s degree is enough  to move forward in your career. But, earning a doctorate is an opportunity to take your career a step further, according to Crook. That step “gives one the opportunity to direct their career trajectory specifically through research and other specialized skills and knowledge,” she said.

How Valuable is a Doctorate?

A doctorate isn’t for everyone, but it can be right for you depending on your chosen field and career path.

For many people, earning a doctorate is just as important as a personal accomplishment as it is a professional one. “I (always) understood the significance of progressing in my career and staying connected to my field of higher education,” Crook said. “My doctoral journey was worthwhile as it aligned with my career goals  and personal aspirations,” she said.

For Barry, the doctorate was worth it because she believes strongly in the power of education . “You see how (education) transforms people’s lives and … gives people opportunities that they didn’t see before,” she said.

She has seen many people earn degrees only for their family members to then continue in their footsteps. “I just think that generationally, (education) is creating pathways for people,” she said.

Deciding whether to pursue a doctorate is ultimately a very personal decision, but one that can lead you to build new relationships and a new knowledge base while helping you reach or exceed your career goals.

A degree can change your life. Find the SNHU doctorate degree  that can best help you meet your goals.

*Cited job growth projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth. Actual salaries and/or earning potential may be the result of a combination of factors including, but not limited to: years of experience, industry of employment, geographic location, and worker skill. 

A former higher education administrator, Dr. Marie Morganelli  is a career educator and writer. She has taught and tutored composition, literature, and writing at all levels from middle school through graduate school. With two graduate degrees in English language and literature, her focus — whether teaching or writing — is in helping to raise the voices of others through the power of storytelling. Connect with her on LinkedIn .

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Uog doctoral program set to launch in fall 2024.

The University of Guam announces that it has received approval from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)   to begin offering its first ever online doctoral program — a Doctor of Education (EdD) in Instructional and Academic Leadership.

The new EdD program emphasizes development of the “scholar-practitioner” who will integrate their professional experiences with research and theory to improve educational practices within their cultural contexts and to influence change in their educational and organizational settings.

“UOG was founded as a teaching college in 1952 and has since developed tremendous capacity for teachers, counselors, and school administrators for our island and region,” said Anita Borja Enriquez, UOG President. "This new doctoral program is our commitment to advancing education, elevating the focus on research agendas relevant to our region, and addressing improvement to instructional areas and overall educational leadership."

School of Education Dean Alicia Aguon noted that the new doctorate responds to the needs of educators and school systems across the region.

“Our survey had nearly a thousand respondents including alumni, education professionals, and stakeholders throughout Micronesia, and overwhelmingly, there was a stated need for a program geared toward instructional and academic leadership,” said Aguon. “This doctoral program is groundbreaking as it has been developed with a cultural competency unique to our region.”

The School of Education will begin accepting applications to the doctoral program this summer with its first courses starting this October. UOG will release more details in the coming weeks about information sessions and the application timeline.

“This isn’t just a milestone for UOG, it’s a milestone for education across the region,” said Enriquez “I am thrilled to see the meaningful, diverse conversational and collaborative synergies unfold from our inaugural cohort.”

Overview of the Doctor of Education (EdD) in Instructional and Academic Leadership

• The EdD program is an online program with 20 required courses and a total of 60 credit hours.
• The dissertation is built in as coursework in the program of study.
• The program is expected to take four years to complete without pausing. 
• The UOG Board of Regents approved the program in June 2023 and the WASC Senior College and University Commission approved the program in March 2024.
• Up to 25 students are projected for the program’s inaugural cohort.
• The program will launch in Fanuchånan (Fall) 2024.
• To express interest or for more information, email  [email protected] .

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The University of Guam is a U.S. Land Grant and Sea Grant Institution accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission. UOG is an equal opportunity provider and employer committed to diversity, equity and inclusion through island wisdom values of inadahi yan inagofli'e: respect, compassion, and community.

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How Long Is Nursing School? Key Insights To Consider Before Enrolling

Curious about the length of nursing school? Learn what nursing program options the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences has to offer.

How long does nursing school take to complete? It really depends on several factors, from your desired degree to how much flexibility you have in your schedule. In this article, we'll answer all your questions so you feel equipped to begin your journey to filling one of the many open positions in this essential healthcare field.

How Long Does it Take To Earn a Nursing Degree?

The big question. While there are several types of nursing degrees, ultimately, the majority of students attend nursing school for two to four years to become registered nurses (RNs). 

It's important to discuss schedule flexibility and how that impacts the time required to complete a degree program. If you’re able to attend school full-time, you'll have a shorter path to your nursing career. However, if you have other obligations, a part-time program may be ideal and will also extend the length of time needed to earn a degree. 

Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) offers several nursing degree styles, giving you the freedom and flexibility to opt for a program that best suits your needs.

What Are the Different Types of Nursing Degrees?

Let's take a closer look at the nursing degrees available to future healthcare leaders at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.

Undergraduate Nursing School Programs

Bachelor of science in nursing - postbaccalaureate.

A Bachelor of Science in Nursing - Postbaccalaureate program is designed for individuals who already have a bachelor’s degree and wish to gain the skill sets necessary to enter the nursing field. This 16-month program allows students to work alongside professionals during clinical experiences in both classroom settings and within prestigious healthcare centers. The intensive curriculum covers nursing theory, clinical skills, pharmacology, and other essential nursing knowledge areas. Upon completion of this program, learners are eligible to take the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). 

Bachelor of Science in Nursing - Accelerated

A Bachelor of Science (BSN) is an accelerated 32-month program that helps students gain real-world experience while studying and accomplishing nursing courses. The BSN program covers a wide range of materials, from biology and chemistry to pharmacology and community health. What normally takes four years can be accomplished in three, enabling students to jump into their careers even faster than a traditional pathway. Those who complete the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program are eligible to sit for the NCLEX-RN.

Family Nurse Practitioner Bridge Program - (RN to MSN)

Through the Family Nurse Practitioner Bridge Program - (RN to MSN) , students can build on their associate’s degree without needing a bachelor’s degree in nursing. This allows a smooth transition from undergraduate to graduate-level coursework. The three-year, part-time program offers clinical experience as students expand their collegiate nursing education. They widen their understanding of the professional nursing industry and move from the bridge program into the MSN-FNP portion of their study, ultimately allowing them to sit for the Family Nurse Practitioner Board Certification Exam upon completion. 

Master and Doctoral Nursing School Programs

Master of science in nursing - family nurse practitioner.

A Master of Science in Nursing - Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) program is a 24-month, part-time course of study that provides students the flexibility to work while earning a nursing diploma. Like the Bachelor of Science in Nursing - Postbaccalaureate program, the Master of Science in Nursing - FNP path offers students the opportunity to advance their bachelor’s degree with a specialty in family nursing. Students become advanced practice registered nurses who are trained to provide comprehensive healthcare services to individuals and families across a range of ages. From delivering primary patient care services to diagnosing and treating a variety of health care concerns, nursing students learn more about what it takes to become an FNP. 

Master of Science in Nursing - Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner

A Master of Science in Nursing - Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) program allows learners to achieve a specialty in psychiatric mental health in just 24 months. This part-time, online program helps nursing students build a firm, foundational knowledge of dementia, depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. Students also dive into the doctor-patient relationship and learn about counseling best practices. After two years, learners are eligible to sit for the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner certification. 

Doctor of Nursing Practice

The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is a program that helps students earn an advanced degree in the hopes of achieving the highest level in the nursing profession. This 24-month, online doctoral program focuses on organization and systems leadership. Those who wish to enter this program must hold a Bachelor of Science in Nursing or a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degree, which will give them the foundational knowledge necessary to excel in this course of study. Over four semesters, they'll cover information about local and global healthcare policies, study different methods and procedures in population health, and choose from doctoral-level courses within the School of Nursing. 

Additional Nursing-Specific FAQs

What is the most common degree for nurses.

A Bachelor of Science in Nursing is the degree students select most often. Not only is it the first step toward getting a master’s in a professional nursing specialization, but it can also be widely used around the world. It’s an extremely versatile degree that provides a foundation for higher learning following its completion.

What is the fastest way to become a nurse?

MCPHS offers a 16-month Bachelor of Science in Nursing - Postbaccalaureate program, which is the quickest pathway into a nursing career. Another option is the Bachelor of Science in Nursing. MCPHS has an accelerated program option that enables learners to complete their degree in just 32 months—a year or two faster than many other institutions. 

How long does it take to become a nurse practitioner? 

The length of time required will depend on your existing education. In general, going through the necessary education to become a nurse practitioner (NP) can take anywhere from five to six years, depending on which route you plan to take. 

NPs are required to accomplish additional training and education compared to RNs. That's because NPs are responsible for prescribing, diagnosing, and administering patient care, similar to a medical doctor. First, you'll need to earn a traditional BSN degree and follow that with a nurse practitioner degree phrase of your choosing.

Study Nursing at MCPHS

Nursing is much more than a career path at MCPHS: it’s a calling that enables you to do what you love while helping patients live healthier and happier lives. As a learner at one of the first institutions of higher education in Boston, you’re mentored by world-renowned healthcare professionals who are committed to student success. Our school is located near some of the country's top medical facilities, offering advanced clinical opportunities during your studies and after graduation. 

Don’t hesitate to connect with one of our admission counselors with any questions about a potential career in nursing or how to get started at MCPHS. Apply today  to start your nursing journey.

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How Long Does It Take to Get a Ph.D. Degree?

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Earning a Ph.D. from a U.S. grad school typically requires nearly six years, federal statistics show.

(CAIAIMAGE/TOM MERTON/GETTY IMAGES)

A Ph.D. is most appropriate for someone who is a “lifelong learner.” 

Students who have excelled within a specific academic discipline and who have a strong interest in that field may choose to pursue a Ph.D. degree. However, Ph.D. degree-holders urge prospective students to think carefully about whether they truly want or need a doctoral degree, since Ph.D. programs last for multiple years.

According to the Survey of Earned Doctorates, a census of recent research doctorate recipients who earned their degree from U.S. institutions, the median amount of time it took individuals who received their doctorates in 2017 to complete their program was 5.8 years. However, there are many types of programs that typically take longer than six years to complete, such as humanities and arts doctorates, where the median time for individuals to earn their degree was 7.1 years, according to the survey.

Some Ph.D. candidates begin doctoral programs after they have already obtained master’s degrees, which means the time spent in grad school is a combination of the time spent pursuing a master’s and the years invested in a doctorate. In order to receive a Ph.D. degree, a student must produce and successfully defend an original academic dissertation, which must be approved by a dissertation committtee. Writing and defending a dissertation is so difficult that many Ph.D. students drop out of their Ph.D. programs having done most of the work necessary for degree without completing the dissertation component. These Ph.D. program dropouts often use the phrase “ all but dissertation ” or the abbreviation “ABD” on their resumes.

According to a comprehensive study of  Ph.D. completion rates  published by The Council of Graduate Schools in 2008, only 56.6% of people who begin Ph.D. programs earn Ph.D. degrees.

Ian Curtis, a founding partner with H&C Education, an educational and admissions consulting firm, who is pursuing a Ph.D. degree in French at Yale University , says there are several steps involved in the process of obtaining a Ph.D. Students typically need to fulfill course requirements and pass comprehensive exams, Curtis warns. “Once these obligations have been completed, how long it takes you to write your dissertation depends on who you are, how you work, what field you’re in and what other responsibilities you have in life,” he wrote in an email. Though some Ph.D. students can write a dissertation in a single year, that is rare, and the dissertation writing process may last for several years, Curtis says.

[ READ: What Is a Doctorate or a Doctoral Degree?  ]

Curtis adds that the level of support a Ph.D. student receives from an academic advisor or faculty mentor can be a key factor in determining the length of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. program. “Before you decide to enroll at a specific program, you’ll want to meet your future advisor,” Curtis advises. “Also, reach out to his or her current and former students to get a sense of what he or she is like to work with.”

Curtis also notes that if there is a gap between the amount of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. and the amount of time a student’s funding lasts, this can slow down the Ph.D. completion process. “Keep in mind that if you run out of funding at some point during your doctorate, you will need to find paid work, and this will leave you even less time to focus on writing your dissertation,” he says. “If one of the programs you’re looking at has a record of significantly longer – or shorter – times to competition, this is good information to take into consideration.”

Pierre Huguet, the CEO and co-founder of H&C Education, says prospective Ph.D. students should be aware that a Ph.D. is designed to prepare a person for a career as a scholar. “Most of the jobs available to Ph.D. students upon graduation are academic in nature and directly related to their fields of study: professor, researcher, etc.,” Huguet wrote in an email. “The truth is that more specialization can mean fewer job opportunities. Before starting a Ph.D., students should be sure that they want to pursue a career in academia, or in research. If not, they should make time during the Ph.D. to show recruiters that they’ve traveled beyond their labs and libraries to gain some professional hands-on experience.”

Jack Appleman, a business writing instructor, published author and Ph.D. candidate focusing on organizational communication with the  University at Albany—SUNY , says Ph.D. programs require a level of commitment and focus that goes beyond what is necessary for a typical corporate job. A program with flexible course requirements that allow a student to customize his or her curriculum based on academic interests and personal obligations is ideal, he says.

[ READ: Ph.D. Programs Get a Lot More Practical.  ]

Joan Kee, a professor at the University of Michigan  with the university’s history of art department, says that the length of time required for a Ph.D. varies widely depending on what subject the Ph.D. focuses on. “Ph.D. program length is very discipline and even field-specific; for example, you can and are expected to finish a Ph.D, in economics in under five years, but that would be impossible in art history (or most of the humanities),” she wrote in an email.

Jean Marie Carey, who earned her Ph.D. degree in art history and German from the  University of Otago  in New Zealand, encourages prospective Ph.D. students to check whether their potential Ph.D. program has published a timeline of how long it takes a Ph.D. student to complete their program. She says it is also prudent to speak with Ph.D. graduates of the school and ask about their experience.

Bennett urges prospective Ph.D. students to visit the campuses of their target graduate programs since a Ph.D. program takes so much time that it is important to find a school that feels comfortable. She adds that aspiring Ph.D. students who prefer a collaborative learning environment should be wary of graduate programs that have a cut-throat and competitive atmosphere, since such students may not thrive in that type of setting.

[ READ: 4 Fields Where Doctorates Lead to Jobs.  ]

Alumni of Ph.D. programs note that the process of obtaining a Ph.D. is arduous, regardless of the type of Ph.D. program. “A Ph.D. is a long commitment of your time, energy and financial resources, so it’ll be easier on you if you are passionate about research,” says Grace Lee, who has a Ph.D. in neuroscience and is the founder and CEO of Mastery Insights, an education and career coaching company, and the host of the Career Revisionist podcast.

“A Ph.D. isn’t about rehashing years of knowledge that is already out there, but rather it is about your ability to generate new knowledge. Your intellectual masterpiece (which is your dissertation) takes a lot of time, intellectual creativity and innovation to put together, so you have to be truly passionate about that,” Lee says.

Erin Skelly, a graduate admissions counselor at the IvyWise admissions consulting firm, says when a Ph.D. students struggles to complete his or her Ph.D. degree, it may have more to do with the student’s academic interests or personal circumstances than his or her program.

“The time to complete a Ph.D. can depend on a number of variables, but the specific discipline or school would only account for a year or two’s difference,” she wrote in an email. “When a student takes significantly longer to complete a Ph.D. (degree), it’s usually related to the student’s coursework and research – they need to take additional coursework to complete their comprehensive exams; they change the focus of their program or dissertation, requiring extra coursework or research; or their research doesn’t yield the results they hoped for, and they need to generate a new theory and conduct more research.”

Skelly warns that the average completion time of a Ph.D. program may be misleading in some cases, if the average is skewed based on one or two outliers. She suggests that instead of focusing on the duration of a particular Ph.D. program, prospective students should investigate the program’s attritition and graduation rates.

“It is worthwhile to look at the program requirements and the school’s proposed timeline for completion, and meet current students to get their input on how realistic these expectations for completion are,” Skelly says. “That can give you an honest idea of how long it will really take to complete the program.”

Searching for a grad school? Access our  complete rankings  of Best Graduate Schools.

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How long does background check take to provide a report.

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The duration of a background check varies depending on several factors, including the specific type of check, the information being sought, and the sources being utilized. The process can take anywhere from a few minutes to as long as five working days.

If you’re curious about typical turnaround times for background checks and how to handle situations where they exceed expectations, read on. In instances where immediate results are desired, consider using BeenVerified, an instant background check service capable of providing comprehensive reports in just minutes.

How Long Does a Background Check Take?

A wide range of background checks exist, and the time it takes to complete each check varies depending on the specific information requested, limitations imposed by data sources, and legal obligations.

The duration for a background check to be completed can be as short as under a minute or extend up to five business days, contingent upon the nature of the information required. 

In cases where manual searches or collaboration with external organizations like professional license certifiers, universities, and previous employers are necessary, the process may take longer.

For additional available insights into average turnaround times for various types of background checks, alongside their purposes, methods of accessing data, and potential factors contributing to delays in completion, continue reading further.

If you are seeking expedited background checks that provide comprehensive results within minutes, we recommend trying our preferred services for conducting thorough background checks.

• BeenVerified – Best Background Check Overall
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• Instant Checkmate – Extensive Source

What Is a Background Check, and How Long Should It Take?

A background check involves searching an individual’s background by an organization or individual to authenticate various aspects of their personal and professional life. 

This examination typically encompasses criminal records, educational and employment history, credit records, and drug tests. Its primary objective is to ascertain the eligibility and reliability of the individual under scrutiny.

The timeframe required to conduct a background check hinges on multiple factors, including the nature and depth of the search, the relevancy of the provided information, and the entity overseeing the process. 

A standard background check may conclude within minutes to several days, while comprehensive inquiries, especially those involving international facets, could extend over several weeks or even months.

The duration of background checks varies across industries. Certain sectors, such as healthcare and education, often mandate more rigorous scrutiny, thus prolonging the assessment period.

It’s essential to adhere to state and federal regulations during the background check process, as non-compliance can impact its duration. Delays may arise due to the need for further information or if the individual resides in multiple locations.

What Are Turnaround Times for Employment Background Checks?

The time it takes to complete a background check can vary depending on the information required by the employer. In some cases, a background check can be completed in less than a minute, while in other instances, it may take up to five business days. 

If manual searches or cooperation from external organizations such as professional license certifiers, universities, or previous employers are necessary, the process may take even longer.

An employment background check encompasses various aspects, including your employment history, educational backgrounds, driving record, criminal record, if applicable, medical history, social media activity, and drug checking results. 

Note that these aren’t exhaustive, and other relevant factors may also be considered during the process.

What Are Turnaround Times for Criminal Background Checks?

A typical criminal background check usually requires one to three business days. However, the duration can vary depending on the specific searched database, like the National Criminal Database.

You can expect much quicker results if you opt for instant background check services. These services utilize specialized databases accessible only by verified background check providers . 

The information they provide is readily available online and includes basic details such as a Social Security number (SSN) trace, a search of the national criminal database, and a search through the sex offender registry.

Thanks to their ability to quickly gather this information, turnaround times for background checks are nearly instantaneous.

What Are Turnaround Times for Federal Background Checks?

A criminal background check may encompass searching through sex offender registries, county criminal court documents, domestic and international terrorist watch lists, and federal and state criminal databases. 

Additional inquiries into these databases can range from one to three days, contingent upon the necessity for manual searches.

The standard processing time for a federal background check is approximately one day. This examination delves into violations of federal criminal statutes across the 94 U.S. federal courts, encompassing federal tax evasion, mail fraud, embezzlement, identity theft, interstate trafficking, and crimes occurring on federal premises.

Given that a federal background check exclusively scrutinizes federal-level prosecutions, omitting state-level convictions, most employers opt to conduct federal and state criminal record checks to acquire an overview of an applicant’s entire criminal history, particularly for positions at the C-level, CPAs, public sector roles, or positions involving access to financial data.

This scrutiny spans records from the past seven years or beyond, depending on state regulations and specific circumstances.

Turnaround Time for Fingerprint Background Checks

A fingerprint background check involves submitting and comparing your fingerprints with the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS), a database managed by the FBI containing fingerprints of over 35 million Americans. Upon a successful match, results are typically returned within three days.

Employers often use fingerprint background checks with other background checking methods, particularly for employment purposes. Certain institutions mandated by the government, such as public schools, airports, law enforcement agencies, fire departments, and hospitals, require this type of check. 

Poor-quality fingerprints may lead to extended processing times or the need to redo the procedure. If there’s a criminal history associated with the fingerprints, the process may take longer.

For individuals undergoing fingerprint background checks for the first time, the absence of prior fingerprint records will result in no match found, prompting the submission of prints to the IAFIS database.

Other Types of Background Checks and How Long They Take

Identity verification.

Identity verification is the most fundamental aspect of background checking. Its purpose is to confirm the candidate’s true identity. 

These checks ensure that the applicant’s provided identifying details, like their name and Social Security number (SSN), are legitimate. The process commonly involves SSN tracing to establish authenticity.

Education History

Education history is a crucial process that aims to authenticate the educational backgrounds of a potential employee. 

This type of background check primarily focuses on verifying the degrees obtained and the educational institutions attended by the individual. It may also provide information regarding their grade point average (GPA).

Licensing Verification

When hiring an individual for a position that requires a professional license or certification, it is crucial to confirm their current possession of the said license. This verification process usually entails checking with the licensing authority to ensure that the employee holds a valid license, has maintained good standing with the licensing body, and determines the expiration date of the license.

Employment Verification

Certain employers opt to carry out background checks in order to validate the history of a potential employee. This process usually entails contacting previous employers to verify the duration of the candidate’s employment.

It is important to note that a typical employment verification check will provide relatively limited information. In most cases, employers only confirm the dates of employment and occasionally whether or not the individual is eligible for rehiring. 

Driving Record Checks

If your employee will be driving for business on behalf of your company, review their driving record by obtaining a motor vehicle report (MVR). 

An MVR report contains a detailed history of the applicant’s driving, including any tickets or accidents. It includes information about their driver’s license, such as expiration date, license suspensions, and commercial driver’s license details. 

Ensuring the safety and reliability of your employees’ driving is crucial when they are representing your business. Therefore, conducting an MVR check is essential in making informed hiring decisions.

Credit Background Checks

Credit background checks offer insights into a candidate’s credit history and current financial status. The data for these reports is gathered from credit bureaus, akin to the checks performed for financing or lending purposes. This type of background check is particularly crucial for small businesses to approach with caution. 

Scrutinizing a candidate’s credit history can offer a valuable understanding of their financial circumstances and how they manage money, especially if they handle significant cash amounts or sensitive company/client financial information. Nonetheless, this type of background check comes with stringent legal requirements.

Employers must adhere to the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) when utilizing credit checks for hiring decisions. If opting to conduct a credit screening and subsequently deciding not to proceed with hiring based on the findings, a specific procedure must be followed. This includes obtaining consent through a compliant release form. 

Should a decision not to proceed with a candidate be made based on their credit report, the employer must provide them with notice, a copy of the report, and the opportunity to rectify any inaccuracies or offer an explanation.

Why Is My Background Check Taking So Long?

If it’s been a couple of weeks and you still haven’t received any updates on your background check, there’s no need to worry just yet. Here are a few potential reasons for the delay:

• The third-party background check company may be experiencing delays in processing.
• While the potential employer has received your background check, they might still be discussing the final hiring decision.
• Certain discrepancies, such as mismatched employment information, could be causing a hold-up as the employer verifies the data.

Sometimes, the background check company might be awaiting specific records, such as those from a county courthouse with limited digital resources or staffing issues, prolonging the process.

If the employer conducts background checks for multiple candidates, it could contribute to a longer wait time as they assess various factors beyond the background check results, such as skill sets.

Lastly, the employer may contact you if any issues are verifying your information or if essential documents like a photo ID, driver’s license, or SSN card are missing. Regularly check your email, including spam folders, to ensure you don’t miss any inquiries regarding your background check.

Possible Reasons for a Delay

If your background check is extending beyond the anticipated timeframe of three to five days, several factors might contribute to the delay:

• One common cause is incomplete or inaccurate check request forms or the failure of the employer to obtain the necessary authorization and release forms signed by the job applicant, as mandated by federal law. Background check agencies cannot initiate the process until they have received written consent.
• County court records are often not digitized, necessitating manual searches by county clerks or court runners. Completing the manual portion of the search can vary widely, taking anywhere from 3 to 30 days, depending on the county or specific case.
• For individuals who have lived abroad for education or employment purposes within the past decade, certain employers may require an international background check. These checks typically take four to five days, contingent upon the level of cooperation from the respective country. However, the process may extend to 20 days in jurisdictions with stringent privacy laws.
• Name variations or aliases (such as Steve, Steven, Stephen) can introduce delays, as they necessitate a manual verification process by the background check service to ascertain identity. Past use of different names or confusion with individuals sharing a similar or identical name can further impede the background check process.
• Background check services may need to comb through multiple sources to gather the requisite information for the employer. Specific databases and sources, such as educational institutions or former employers may require more time for verification than others.

Bottom Line on How Long Does a Background Check Take

The length of time it takes to complete a background check can vary based on the level of complexity and thoroughness required, as well as how cooperative the sources are. However, basic background checks usually wrap up within a few days to a week, while a more in-depth search can take several weeks to a couple of months.

When you need a speedy background check, reputable and dependable services like BeenVerified , TruthFinder , and Intelius come highly recommended. 

BeenVerified stands out for its user-friendly interface and quick results that often arrive within minutes. TruthFinder and Intelius also offer quick turnaround times for comprehensive background checks, with reports typically ready in seconds.

While these services provide convenient and efficient options for conducting background checks, remember that they shouldn’t be solely relied upon when verifying someone’s background. 

It’s always wise to supplement these reports by conducting additional research and exercising due diligence, especially if you’re making significant decisions such as hiring someone new. 

All product names, logos, brands, trademarks, and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

DISCLAIMER : You may not use the non-FCRA approved services mentioned in this article or the information they provide to make decisions about consumer credit, employment, insurance, tenant screening, or any other purpose that would require FCRA compliance. These services don’t provide consumer reports and are not consumer reporting agencies. (These terms have special meanings under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 USC 1681 et seq., (“FCRA”), which are incorporated herein by reference.) 

The information available here may not be 100% accurate, complete, or up to date, so do not use it as a substitute for your own due diligence, especially if you have concerns about a person’s criminal history. The services we mention do not make any representation or warranty about the accuracy of the information available through our website or about the character or integrity of the person about whom you inquire. For more information, please review each service’s Terms of Use.

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