quote essay definition

Writing Studio

Quotation basics: grammar, punctuation, and style, some general quotation guidelines.

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When writing a formal essay, you will often need to use quotes from a text or texts as evidence to prove your point or to make an argument. Below are grammar and punctuation guidelines to help you integrate those quotes into your essay successfully.

We recommend consulting a style manual or your instructor for specific queries.

Periods and Commas

• You do not need to use any punctuation before a quotation if it forms part of your own sentence.

Example: Dennis cries that he is “being repressed!”

• Use a comma when introducing a quote with a phrase such as ‘he said.’

Example: The old man protests, “I don’t want to go on the cart.”

• Place parenthetical citations outside the end quotation mark, but before the punctuation.

Example: King Arthur declares, “Let’s not go to Camelot. It is a silly place” (13).

Colons and Ellipses

• Use a colon when introducing a quotation with a full independent clause (one that can stand on its own).

Example: Emily feels frustrated by his response: “Is there someone else that we can talk to?”

• Use an ellipsis (three periods, sometimes with spaces between: ‘…’ ) to indicate an omission in a quotation (Exception: it is not necessary to use an ellipsis when omitting words at the beginning of a quote unless you are using a block quote format).

Example: “The kind of intelligence a genius has … leaps with ellipses.”

• When you want to omit one or more full sentences, use a period and a space before the three ellipsis dots.

Example: “Hatred paralyzes life. … Hatred darkens life; love illuminates it.”

Slashes and Brackets

• When you are quoting poetry, use a slash ( / ) to mark a line break.

Example: “Let me not to the marriage of true minds / Admit impediments” (1-2).

• Use square brackets to add a word, change a pronoun, or change a verb tense in the quote.

Original quote: “It’s my duty as a knight to sample all the peril I can.”

In your essay: Sir Galahad thinks “it’s [his] duty as a knight to sample all the peril [he] can.”

Question Marks and Exclamation Points

• With a question mark or exclamation point, there is no need to use a comma or a period.

Example: The interested observer wonders, “Are you suggesting that coconuts migrate?”

• If the mark is part of your sentence and not part of the quote, it goes outside the last quotation mark.

Example: I don’t think we can ever understand the “ineluctable modality of the visual”!

Block Quotes

• MLA style calls for use of a block quote (indent 10 spaces, or 2 tabs) when citing five or more lines of typed prose or four or more lines of verse. APA style calls for block quotes when citing forty words or more.

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? / Thou art more lovely and more temperate. / Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, / And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. (1-4)

Quote Within a Quote

• When using a quote within a quote, single quotation marks are used for the inner quote.

Example: Josh laments, “Every time I try to talk to someone it’s ‘sorry this’ and ‘forgive me that.’”

Last revised: 08/2008 | Adapted for web delivery: 05/2021

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How to write an Essay about a Quote

Teachers often ask you to write an essay about a quote. It’s a way of getting you to think deeply about the concepts that quotes encompass.

You’ll need to dig deeply into what the quote means and what it reveals about the world.

In this post, I’m going to give you some guidance to get you started on writing that essay about a quote , no matter what quote it is!

Here’s a quick fly-by of what’s in this post. Feel free to navigate to each point, or just scroll through the whole post:

• Select the quote Wisely. Here’s how.
• Do this in the Introduction.
• Place the Quote in Context. Here’s how.
• Explore the Quote’s Contested Meanings. Here’s how.
• Explore the Quote’s Relevance to You or Society. Here’s how.
• A Summarized Checklist of What you Need to Say

Essays about quotes really do vary. Here’s some examples of different types of essays about quotes:

• The teacher provides the quote as a prompt for the analysis of a concept;
• The teacher provides a range of quotes and you have to choose one and discuss its meaning;
• The teacher asks you to find your own quote and discuss its relevance to you .

So, here’s some initial questions I have for you. If you don’t know these questions, you need to ask your teacher:

• Can you use first person?
• Are you supposed to say how the quote impacts you (personal essay) or just critique it (expository essay)?

Keep these questions in mind, because I’ll come back to them in this article and it will influence what you should write.

Here’s my 5 essential tips on how to write an essay about a quote:

1. Select your Quote Wisely (If you get to choose the Quote!)

Okay, so sometimes you’re asked to choose a quote and write an essay about it. Other times your teacher gives you the quote and you have to write about the quote they choose.

Step 1 is for everyone who gets to select their own quote.

Here’s how you should go about selecting your quote:

• Try to find a quote that is said by someone who you have some knowledge about. If it’s a quote from a book, make sure you’ve actually read the book. So, if you get the choice between a quote from Harry Potter (which you’ve read) and The Grapes of Wrath (which you haven’t read), go with the Harry Potter quote. If it’s a quote from a speaker like a US president, try to get a quote from a US president who you admire and who you have the most knowledge about.
• Ensure the quote is well known. You don’t want to get stuck in the situation where you selected a quote but can’t find any information about it! So, the best option is to select a quote that you’ll be able to find a lot of information about. That’s why it’s useful to select a famous quote by someone like Martin Luther King Jr., Shakespeare, Winston Churchill, Atticus Fitch or another figure whose you know you’ll be able to gather a lot of background information on.
• Only select a quote if you know where it’s from. Most people who have to select a quote are going to go straight to google and type in ‘Famous Quote’. No! No, no, no, no, no. This is going to find you one of those random generic quote websites and you probably won’t even be able to find out what speech, book or page number the quote is from! You’re better off looking for a quote from within a specific book or speech so you’ll be able to read it ‘in context’ (i.e. you’ll be able to read the surrounding sentences!)

So, to recap, make sure the quote is from a source you have at least a little knowledge about; is one that you’ve either heard of before or know you can find information about on google; and make sure you can get access to the quote’s original source (the book, play or speech it’s from).

2. Cite the quote, the quote’s author and its origins in the Introduction

The introduction paragraph for any essay on a quote requires you to show a clear understanding of the quote you’re discussing and some of its details. While this isn’t the place to go into depth on how to write an introduction, let me quickly recap for you my I.N.T.R.O method for perfect introductions :

• Interest : provide a hook sentence that grabs the reader’s interest
• Notify : notify the reader of background information
• Translate : paraphrase the essay question
• Report : report on your thesis
• Outline : Outline what will be said in the essay, in order.

Now, let’s apply that formula to an essay about a quote. Here, we could write each sentence like this:

• Interest : say something interesting about the quote
• Notify : explain exactly where the quote comes from
• Translate : while usually you’d paraphrase the essay question in an introduction, you can provide the quote word-for-word in the introduction for an essay about a quote
• Report : say what your interpretation of the quote is, in one or two sentences
• Outline : Outline what you’re planning on saying about the quote in the essay

3. Place the Quote in Context

This is one of the most important parts of your essay. When we say ‘context’ we mean that you need to be able to show a deep understanding of the background information about quote that you have selected. To do this you can select from the following strategies:

a) Explain the theme of the speech, article or book that the quote comes from

How a quote is received and understood has a lot to do with the book or speech that the quote comes from. Have a think of what the key theme is that the quote touches on.

Here’s a quote, for example, that you might not understand until you look at the book the quote comes from:

“Other places do seem so cramped up and smothery, but a raft don’t. You feel mighty free and easy and comfortable on a raft.”

This quote is from Huckleberry Finn. Therefore, it probably has something to do with his desire to avoid being civilized and tamed by society. Why? Because the central theme of the overall text in which the quote emerges is escaping the civilizing effect of society .

My point here is that you need to focus on the main theme of the text in which the quote emerges: is it about racism, evading the trappings of civilized society, or maybe a theme about love, war, passion, or something else entirely?

Here’s another example:

“You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view….Until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.”

This quote is from Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird . You might not know it from just this sentence, but if we place it in context, we know the quote’s about racism. Why? Well, because it’s a quote that builds upon an underlying theme in the book that shows Atticus trying to teach his daughter to fight racial injustice in the deep South of the United States. So, when discussing a quote from this book, you can explain that the quote is in the context of a broader social discussion about race and racism in a nation whose history has been deeply troubled by racial injustice since its origins. By doing this, you will be able to understand the quote far more effectively,

One last example: this quote from Romeo and Juliet:

“What’s in a name? that which we call a rose; By any other name would smell as sweet.”

if you’re grabbing this quote from Romeo and Juliet, you’re probably going to want to say that the quote comes from a story that explores themes of forbidden love and family loyalty . By reading the surrounding text, you’ll understand that this quote is about Juliet (symbolized by the rose) having the surname of a family that Romeo despises. Nonetheless, he loves her not for her surname, but indeed despite it: he still sees the sweetness in her.

To find out the themes of key literary texts, try these sources:

b) Explain the story of the person who made the quote

How a quote is received and understood has a lot to do with the person who made the quote in the first place. So, examine the story of the person who made the quote.

Let’s take the example of Dumbledore, say … this quote:

“It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.”

Dumbledore quotes will automatically be understood as wise, contemplative statements because Dumbledore is a wise and contemplative man ! They have more force and power because of Dumbledore’s age, stature and position as head of Hogwarts!

Similarly, often quotes from jesters in Shakespearian plays are interpreted as gems of truth and wisdom because jesters were some of the few people in middle England who were aloud to speak their minds among kings.

Here’s one last example: a quote from the Pope (any quote from the Pope – pick one!). What makes this quote so powerful? Well, it would be a powerful quote because the Pope is seen by Catholics as someone who is very close to god and therefore what he says should be listened to very closely.

By explaining the story of the person who made the quote, we can understand the quote more deeply.

c) Use who, where, when and why questions

Do you think the previous two points were too hard? No worries. Here’s an easier framework for you to use: the 4 W’s.

This is a very powerful way to dig deep into your contextualization of the quote. Explain the who, where, when and why about the quote.

Let’s take an example of this quote:

“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.”

This quote comes from the US Declaration of Independence . What context can we take from this famous quote? Here’s a few ideas to give context to the quote:

• Who: Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin
• Where: United States of America
• Why: This quote was made in the context of a young nation shaking off the oppressive shackles of the British Empire. The US leaders wanted a new society where social class and royalty of the old ‘motherland’ should be discarded and a more equal land created
• Other Points: Today this quote could be seen as sexist. It was written in a time when women lacked many rights. Furthermore, the gendered term ‘men’ is not just semantics : they truly meant all men were equal to one another, and this excluded women’s rights for many centuries. Similarly, you could critique its racist undertones. Lastly, you could also mention that this quote is one of the most famous statements on the principle of classical liberalism which highlights the freedom of the individual.

Once you’ve jotted down some draft of these background / ‘contextual’ details, you can turn them into full paragraphs in your essay.

4. Explore the Quote’s Contested Meanings

Quotes often have multiple contested interpretations. If your quote could be interpreted in different ways, you will need to examine the different ways in which it is interpreted.

Let’s take the example of the quote:

“It’s all about the Benjamins baby!”

This quote comes from Ilhan Omar, a democratic congresswoman. She made this quote to highlight the influence of the Jewish lobby on Republican politicians.

This quote had very contested meanings : for the political left, it highlighted the fact that money is a dark influence on policymaking in Washington. For the political right, it was seen as an anti-Semitic attach on an old stereotype of Jewish people controlling the world’s finances.

If you were to select this quote, you would of course have to present both perspectives on the quote.

My suggestion is that you look up what other people think of the quote and discuss what they’ve had to say about it. Maybe out of 5 people you find online, 4 see it one way and 1 sees it another. Present both ways that a quote can be interpreted to show you’ve thought deeply about it.

Of course, this might not be relevant to everyone: some quotes have a very clear central meaning!

5. Explore the Quote’s Relevance to You and / or Today’s Society

Remember when I said that you should check with your teacher about whether you can use first person in your essay?

Well, if you can use first person in your essay, I recommend in this step to talk about what the quote means to you. Questions you can discuss include:

• Which interpretation of the quote is most convincing, in your mind?
• Has the quote influenced you to think more deeply about something?
• Has the quote changed your mind about something or prompted you to act differently in the future?

If you are writing an expository essay that does not involve first person language, I recommend instead discussing the broader relevance of the quote to broader society today.

For example, let’s say the quote is Winston Churchill’s famous statement:

“Things are not always right because they are hard, but if they are right one must not mind if they are also hard.”

This quote was said in the context of World War II, when Britain and its allies fought gallantly for 4 years against Hitler’s Germany. So, what relevance does that quote have to today’s world?

Well, it might mean that you should follow in Churchill’s footsteps and learn a lesson from him and the brave Brits: to stand up and fight against injustice wherever it may be, even when the enemy seems to be bearing down on you! While once injustice was in Nazi Germany, today that injustice might be in the arena of terrorism or Islamophobia. The quote remains relevant to today’s world, though, because it’s a rallying call to standing up for what you believe is right.

Read Also: 39 Better Ways to Write ‘In Conclusion’ in an Essay

Woah! That’s a lot to take in. Essays about quotes are hard. Hopefully, these strategies have given you something to think about when discussing you quote. Keep in mind these five key points when trying to think of things to write about:

• Select the quote Wisely. Make sure you know a fair bit about the quote you’re using, and if it’s from a book, take a quote from a book you’ve actually read!
• Cite the quote, the quote’s author and its origins in the Introduction. This will show your marker from the very beginning that you understand the quote.
• Place the Quote in Context. Consider the overall theme of the text the quote comes from, the personality of the person who said the quote, and use the 4 W’s to dig deeper into what the quote is all about!
• Explore the Quote’s Contested Meanings. If the quote can be interpreted in many ways, then make sure you present all those possible interpretations in your essay.
• Explore the Quote’s Relevance to You and / or Today’s Society. By discussing the quote’s relevance to you or society, you’ll be showing your maker you understand why on earth it’s worthwhile reflecting on the quote in the first place!

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 5 Top Tips for Succeeding at University
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How to Start an Essay With a Quote

Last Updated: September 7, 2022 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Jake Adams . Jake Adams is an academic tutor and the owner of Simplifi EDU, a Santa Monica, California based online tutoring business offering learning resources and online tutors for academic subjects K-College, SAT & ACT prep, and college admissions applications. With over 14 years of professional tutoring experience, Jake is dedicated to providing his clients the very best online tutoring experience and access to a network of excellent undergraduate and graduate-level tutors from top colleges all over the nation. Jake holds a BS in International Business and Marketing from Pepperdine University. There are 8 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 447,069 times.

Writing an effective introduction can be one of the most intimidating aspects of writing an essay. While there are many different approaches to writing introductory paragraphs, you may want to consider beginning your essay with a quotation. Finding the right quotation and using it well within the framework of your own words can ensure that your essay is off to a great start.

Finding the Perfect Quotation

• Quote a person saying something that someone would not expect them to say.
• Quote someone who is not universally famous.
• Use a well-known quote but contradict it.

• Determine whether the audience will be familiar with the person who you are quoting. If it is someone obscure or you think they will not be familiar, consider providing additional (brief) details.
• Do not use a quote that could be offensive to the audience unless you plan to contradict the quotation.
• Strike a balance between assuming your audience knows everything and assuming they know nothing. You should be clear and informative but not insulting to the intelligence of your reader.

Quoting Correctly

• Use the quote as a sentence predicate. The subject of the sentence will be the person who said the quote, and the verb will most likely be a synonym of “said.” For example, "Jane Smith said, 'blah blah blah.'"
• Preview the content of the quote. Use your own (grammatically correct) sentence to preview or paraphrase what the quote will say, then insert a colon or comma, then the (grammatically correct) sentence-length quotation. For example: "Once Jane Smith said something completely awesome: 'the awesome thing she said.'"
• Begin with the quote. If you begin with the quote, be sure to place a comma after the quote and then provide a verb and attribute the quotation to the source. For example: "'Blah blah blah,' said Jane Smith."

• The quote only needs to be capitalized if it begins the sentence or if the first word of the quote is a proper noun, like the name of a person or a place.
• In American usage, end punctuation should be placed inside the quotation marks. For example, “this is the quote.”
• Paraphrased material (someone else’s idea put into your own words) need not have quotation marks around it, but should be attributed to the original speaker.
• If you introduce the quote with the speaker’s name and a verb, provide a comma before the beginning of the quotation. For example: "Jane Smith said, 'blah blah blah.'"

• Be particularly aware of quotations found on social media such as Pinterest, or on quote aggregators such as Brainyquote. These sources are notorious for mis-attributing and even making up famous quotes.

• You may also need to substitute a word (like a name rather than a pronoun) for clarity. If you need to substitute a word, place square brackets around the word to indicate that you made a change. For example: "Jane Smith said, 'blah [blady] blah.'"
• Be sure to keep the original intent of the quotation when making changes. Changes should be made only to preserve clarity or to change length, not to manipulate the content of the quotation.

Incorporating the Quotation into Your Introduction

• In your introduction, you need to be clear about what you're going to talk about and how you're going to talk about it.

• Be sure that the quotation you use supports your thesis.
• Be sure that using the quotation enhances, rather than distracting from, your argument. [12] X Research source

Community Q&A

• Find a quote that is meaningful to you, not just one you found in a list on the internet. If the context and wording of the quote speak to you, you’re more likely to connect it to your essay effectively. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 0

• Some college professors never want to see a quotation begin an essay. Because the method is often overused, there is some bias against it. You can overcome this by doing it very well. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 1

You Might Also Like

• ↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/cliches/
• ↑ https://www.esu.edu/writing-studio/guides/hook.cfm
• ↑ https://www.ccis.edu/student-life/advising-tutoring/writing-math-tutoring/introduce-quotations
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/punctuation/quotation_marks/index.html
• ↑ https://www.ursinus.edu/live/files/1160-integrating-quotespdf
• ↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/quotations/
• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/quotations/
• ↑ http://www.otago.ac.nz/classics/otago055219.pdf

About This Article

To start an essay with a quote, introduce the quote by including the name of the author, such as, “John Keats once said…” When you include the quote, put quotation marks around it and make sure to put any punctuation inside the quotation marks. If the quote is long, you can use only part of it or remove sections as long as you insert an ellipses. Once you’ve introduced the quote and the author, provide some context for the quotation and how it ties into the thesis of your essay. For tips from our English reviewer on how to find the perfect quotation to start your essay, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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Using Evidence: Quotation

Basics of quoting other writing.

In most social science disciplines, you will use direct quotations only sparingly. Use a direct quotation only if the exact phrasing of the original material is crucial to your point. If you can paraphrase the idea in your own words, do so.

Use quotation marks around the words you are borrowing directly from another source. For longer passages, use block quotations .

Example: Samson (2010) stated, “Mirror neurons allow for imitation and empathy” (p. 214).

For more examples of integrating quotations into your own sentences along with guidance on punctuation and capitalization of quotations, please visit our page on Quotation Marks .

In order for a reader to understand the impact of a direct quotation or paraphrased source material, you should work to integrate your evidence into your paragraph's overall discussion. A strong way to integrate source material is to use transitions . As you integrate sources, you will also often begin analyzing the evidence

Citations for Direct Quotations

Every direct quotation citation should be incorporated into the paragraph with quotation marks. This means every direct quotation should have the following:

• Year of publication
• Page (p.) or paragraph (para.) number—for more of APA's guidance on citing a specific part of a work without page numbers, see our Citations Overview page
• Quotation marks

In APA, in order to best incorporate your direct quotations, pay close attention the punctuation:

• Your page or paragraph number should always have a period, with no space between the p. or para. and the period.
• The cited page or paragraph number for direct quotations should always come directly after the quotation marks end.

Correct citation: Christensen (2010) regarded the "infiltration of only red light" (p. 32) as a success in the experiment.

Incorrect citation: Christensen (2010) regarded the "infiltration of only red light" as a success in the experiment (p. 32).

Integrating Direct Quotations Into Your Paragraphs

Paragraph with direct quotations not integrated.

Teachers in ESL classrooms need more access to professional development. According to Grant (2009), "The percentage of ESL students in high schools has gone up 75% in the last ten years" (p. 338). Gramber (2010) said, "The scope of ESL education is changing rapidly" (p. 2834). Judes (2008) suggested, "ESL teachers often do not have updated certification." A study found that "Non-native English speakers require a different pedagogy than native speakers" (Bartlett, 2004, p. 97).

In this paragraph, there are several excellent direct quotations. However, readers cannot determine why the author chose to list each of these ideas or how they are connected. This paragraph feels a bit choppy because the author is jumping from one idea to another. By using transitions, though, the author can identify the relationships among the ideas.

Paragraph With Direct Quotations, Revised (Revisions in Bold)

Teachers in ESL classrooms need more access to professional development. According to Grant (2009), "The percentage of ESL students in high schools has gone up 75% in the last ten years" (p. 338). This increase has caused a shift in the tradition training of ESL educators. Speaking of this shift, Gramber (2010) wrote, "The scope of ESL education is changing rapidly" (p. 2834). With such a fast change in training and requirements, districts often neglect to keep their teachers up to date. Judes (2010) suggested, "ESL teachers often do not have updated certification" (p. 33). However, teachers must have up-to-date techniques and be familiar with the most recent theories in the field of ESL education. A recent study found that "Non-native English speakers require a different pedagogy than native speakers" (Bartlett, 2011, p. 97), thus showing the need for teachers to be current in their training and pedagogy. One of the best ways to accomplish this update and keep educators aware of currents trends and theories in their fields is through professional development.

Note that all the transitions and connecting sentences are in bold. These sentences help to move the reader along from one quotation to another while also connecting the quotations.

Using Quotations Video Playlist

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Quoting Directly

by jleemcga | Aug 18, 2023 | Resources for Students , Writing Resources

What is quoting?

A direct quotation (often referred to as “quotes”) is the exact language taken from source material. Direct quotations match the source material word-for-word and must be contained within quotation marks, usually introduced with a “says” verb or integrated into your own sentence structure.

When should I quote?

It’s best to directly quote when you’re referencing an idea or example in a text that would lose meaning or impact if you were to change the wording. For example, if there is a certain vocabulary that feels necessary to accurately capture the text’s meaning, you should directly quote it. Or, if the author writes the idea in a particularly striking way that would lose affect if you were to reword it, you should directly quote it. Directly quoting other sources in your paper allows you to:

• Present especially compelling ideas in the author’s own language
• Underscore key words or phrases relevant to your topic
• Make more specific connections between your evidence and analysis by examining exact language from the text

  How do I directly quote?

To approach directly quoting a source, try the following steps:

• Decide which quotations from the text are relevant, important, and/or helpful to your paper and why (writing notes for yourself about why you’re choosing these quotations will help you with developing your analysis for them later! 😊 It’s also helpful to note citation information as you go!)
• Think about how you want to integrate your direct quotation into your writing— there’s a variety of ways to do this. You might use a classic TAG line, like “According to,” or you might bring quoted material into your own sentence structure. There are many ways to integrate quotations effectively, and it’s ideal to use variety to keep your writing fresh and interesting. For more guidance on how you can integrate direct quotations into your writing, view our handout on Integrating Direct Quotations Into Writing.
• Be sure to use quotation marks around the exact passage you’re referencing from the text
• Always cite at the end of the sentence containing the quoted material!

Examples of directly quoting

Here is an example of a writer directly quoting an excerpt of a passage from the source “Enter the Avatar: The Phenomenology of Prosthetic Telepresence in Computer Games” by Rune Klevjer in their essay about player participation and embodied experience in video games:

Klevjer addresses a tension that exists within the question of the avatar as either utilitarian or persona with the cursor analogy. According to Klevjer, the cursor analogy suggests that “the avatar is no more than a tool, a capacity for action, an instrument” that is often found in fighting games or franchises like Mario 64 (18).

Things to keep in mind when directly quoting

Some important things to remain mindful of while quoting in your assignments are:

• Direct quotations should appear in your writing exactly as they do in the original source material— including capitalization, punctuation, and spelling
• Remember to check if you’ve sandwiched your quoted material inside two quotation marks! It’s easy to forget to close the quotation when we’re in drafting mode, so it can be helpful to make this a part of your check list 😊
• If you need to mark a misspelling or grammatical error in the original source material within your quotation, you can use [sic] beside the text to indicate you intentionally wrote it this way to match the source material. For example, if in the source material the author wrote, “The manuvers produced no results,” you can write: “The manuvers [sic] produced no results.”
• Generally, it’s best to keep your quotations 1-2 lines at a time so that you don’t overwhelm your readers with a lot of quoted text. If your quotation is longer than 4 lines of text, you’ll need to use block quotation formatting
• You can modify direct quotations as needed to omit irrelevant information (using ellipses) or clarify information by adding words (using square brackets). Your modifications should not change the original meaning of the author’s passage
• Be judicious with your direct quotations! Your quotations should not be the star of your show; if your essay is a concert, you’re the headliner and your direct quotations are just your back-up singers; don’t let them outshine you— your readers will want to hear your voice the most throughout your paper 😊

Practice in the Writing Center

For more support and guidance on paraphrasing, summarizing, and quoting, make an appointment with us here at the Writing Center! We’ll work with you on effectively integrating a variety of material into your writing and help you feel more confident pulling up a chair to the scholarly conversation 😊

For further reading:

• Paraphrasing, Summarizing, and Quoting, from UNSW Sydney

Our Newest Resources!

• Transitioning to Long-form Writing
• Developing a Research Question
• Integrating Direct Quotations into Your Writing
• Nurturing a Growth Mindset to Overcome Writing Challenges and Develop Confidence in College Level Writing
• An Introduction to Paraphrasing, Summarizing, and Quoting

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Definition and Examples of Direct Quotations

When and How Should Direct Quotes Be Used?

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• An Introduction to Punctuation
• Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
• M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
• B.A., English, State University of New York

A direct quotation is a report of the exact words of an author or speaker and is placed inside quotation marks  in a written work. For example, Dr. King said, " I have a dream ."

Comparing Types of Quotations

Direct quotations are commonly introduced by a signal phrase (also called a quotative frame), such as Dr. King said or Abigail Adams wrote , and are used in written and audio or visual media, especially if an anchor or reporter is giving someone's exact words without having a recording of the person actually saying it. For example, a newscaster would say, "Dr. King said, and I quote, 'I have a dream' unquote."  

By contrast, indirect quotations may also have signal phrases leading into them, but the words are not what the person said or wrote word for word, just a paraphrase or a summary of what the words were, such as, At the March on Washington, Dr. King spoke of the dreams that he had for the nation.

A  mixed quotation  is an indirect quotation that includes a directly quoted expression (in many cases just a single word or brief phrase): ​ King melodiously praised the "veterans of creative suffering," urging them to continue the struggle.

When you have a long direct quotation in a written work, more than 60 or 100 words or more than four or five lines, instead of using quotation marks around it, you may be told by your style guide or assignment parameters to set it off with indents on either side and to put the text in italics or make some other typographical change. This is a block quotation . (See the long quote in the next section for an example, though this site's style is to retain quote marks, even around block quotes.)

When to Use Direct Quotes

When you're writing, use direct quotes sparingly, because the essay or article is supposed to be your original work. Use them for emphasis when the reader needs to see the exact words for analysis and evidence or when the exact quote encapsulates the topic at hand more succinctly or better than you could.

Author Becky Reed Rosenberg discusses using direct quotes when writing in the sciences versus the humanities.

"In the first place, the general convention in the sciences and social sciences is that we use direct quotations as little as possible. Whenever possible,  paraphrase  your source. The exception is when the source is so eloquent or so peculiar that you really need to share the original language with your readers. (In the humanities, direct quoting is more important—certainly where you are talking about a literary source. There the original language IS the object of study very often.)" ("Using Direct Quotation." Writing Center at the University of Washington, Bothell)

In news writing, don't be tempted to correct grammar or other errors when you're directly quoting your source—though you would want to comment in your text about factual errors the speaker made at the time of the statement. You can use ellipses to cut some things out of a direct quote, but even that should be done sparingly. In news, accuracy and proper context are paramount, and you don't want to look like you're doctoring the source's words.

In essays and reports, anytime you use someone else's ideas in your work, either by direct or indirect quotations, that person needs attribution or credit, or else you are committing plagiarism.

• How to Use Indirect Quotations in Writing for Complete Clarity
• Quotation and Quote
• Definition and Examples of Quotation in English Grammar
• Direct Speech Definition and Examples
• Guidelines for Using Quotation Marks Correctly
• How and When to Paraphrase Quotations
• How to Use Block Quotations in Writing
• Difference Between "Quote" and "Quotation": What Is the Right Word?
• A Guide to Using Quotations in Essays
• French Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech
• What Is Plagiarism?
• Examples of Signal Phrases in Grammar and Composition
• What Is a Written Summary?
• Indirect Speech Definition and Examples
• Definition and Examples of Colons

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MLA Formatting Quotations

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MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8 th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

When you directly quote the works of others in your paper, you will format quotations differently depending on their length. Below are some basic guidelines for incorporating quotations into your paper. Please note that all pages in MLA should be double-spaced .

Short quotations

To indicate short quotations (four typed lines or fewer of prose or three lines of verse) in your text, enclose the quotation within double quotation marks. Provide the author and specific page number (in the case of verse, provide line numbers) in the in-text citation, and include a complete reference on the Works Cited page. Punctuation marks such as periods, commas, and semicolons should appear after the parenthetical citation.

Question marks and exclamation points should appear within the quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted passage, but after the parenthetical citation if they are a part of your text.

For example, when quoting short passages of prose, use the following examples:

When using short (fewer than three lines of verse) quotations from poetry, mark breaks in verse with a slash, ( / ), at the end of each line of verse (a space should precede and follow the slash). If a stanza break occurs during the quotation, use a double slash ( // ).

Long quotations

For quotations that are more than four lines of prose or three lines of verse, place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, with the entire quote indented 1/2   inch  from the left margin while maintaining double-spacing. Your parenthetical citation should come  after the closing punctuation mark . When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay.)

For example, when citing more than four lines of prose, use the following examples :

Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78)

When citing long sections of poetry (four lines of verse or more), keep formatting as close to the original as possible.

In his poem "My Papa's Waltz," Theodore Roethke explores his childhood with his father:

The whiskey on your breath Could make a small boy dizzy; But I hung on like death: Such waltzing was not easy. We Romped until the pans Slid from the kitchen shelf; My mother's countenance Could not unfrown itself. (qtd. in Shrodes, Finestone, Shugrue 202)

When citing two or more paragraphs, use block quotation format, even if the passage from the paragraphs is less than four lines. If you cite more than one paragraph, the first line of the second paragraph should be indented an extra 1/4 inch to denote a new paragraph:

In "American Origins of the Writing-across-the-Curriculum Movement," David Russell argues,

Writing has been an issue in American secondary and higher education since papers and examinations came into wide use in the 1870s, eventually driving out formal recitation and oral examination. . . .

From its birth in the late nineteenth century, progressive education has wrestled with the conflict within industrial society between pressure to increase specialization of knowledge and of professional work (upholding disciplinary standards) and pressure to integrate more fully an ever-widening number of citizens into intellectually meaningful activity within mass society (promoting social equity). . . . (3)

Adding or omitting words in quotations

If you add a word or words in a quotation, you should put brackets around the words to indicate that they are not part of the original text:

If you omit a word or words from a quotation, you should indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipses, which are three periods ( . . . ) preceded and followed by a space. For example:

Please note that brackets are not needed around ellipses unless they would add clarity.

When omitting words from poetry quotations, use a standard three-period ellipses; however, when omitting one or more full lines of poetry, space several periods to about the length of a complete line in the poem:

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• The Basics of In-Text Citation | APA & MLA Examples

The Basics of In-Text Citation | APA & MLA Examples

Published on March 14, 2022 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on February 28, 2024.

An in-text citation is a short acknowledgement you include whenever you quote or take information from a source in academic writing. It points the reader to the source so they can see where you got your information.

In-text citations most commonly take the form of short parenthetical statements indicating the author and publication year of the source, as well as the page number if relevant.

We also offer a free citation generator and in-depth guides to the main citation styles.

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Table of contents

What are in-text citations for, when do you need an in-text citation, types of in-text citation, frequently asked questions about in-text citations.

The point of an in-text citation is to show your reader where your information comes from. Including citations:

• Avoids plagiarism by acknowledging the original author’s contribution
• Allows readers to verify your claims and do follow-up research
• Shows you are engaging with the literature of your field

Academic writing is seen as an ongoing conversation among scholars, both within and between fields of study. Showing exactly how your own research draws on and interacts with existing sources is essential to keeping this conversation going.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

An in-text citation should be included whenever you quote or paraphrase a source in your text.

Quoting means including the original author’s words directly in your text, usually introduced by a signal phrase . Quotes should always be cited (and indicated with quotation marks), and you should include a page number indicating where in the source the quote can be found.

Paraphrasing means putting information from a source into your own words. In-text citations are just as important here as with quotes, to avoid the impression you’re taking credit for someone else’s ideas. Include page numbers where possible, to show where the information can be found.

However, to avoid over-citation, bear in mind that some information is considered common knowledge and doesn’t need to be cited. For example, you don’t need a citation to prove that Paris is the capital city of France, and including one would be distracting.

Different types of in-text citation are used in different citation styles . They always direct the reader to a reference list giving more complete information on each source.

Author-date citations (used in APA , Harvard , and Chicago author-date ) include the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number when available. Author-page citations (used in MLA ) are the same except that the year is not included.

Both types are divided into parenthetical and narrative citations. In a parenthetical citation , the author’s name appears in parentheses along with the rest of the information. In a narrative citation , the author’s name appears as part of your sentence, not in parentheses.

Note: Footnote citations like those used in Chicago notes and bibliography are sometimes also referred to as in-text citations, but the citation itself appears in a note separate from the text.

An in-text citation is an acknowledgement you include in your text whenever you quote or paraphrase a source. It usually gives the author’s last name, the year of publication, and the page number of the relevant text. In-text citations allow the reader to look up the full source information in your reference list and see your sources for themselves.

At college level, you must properly cite your sources in all essays , research papers , and other academic texts (except exams and in-class exercises).

Add a citation whenever you quote , paraphrase , or summarize information or ideas from a source. You should also give full source details in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your text.

The exact format of your citations depends on which citation style you are instructed to use. The most common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago .

Check if your university or course guidelines specify which citation style to use. If the choice is left up to you, consider which style is most commonly used in your field.

• APA Style is the most popular citation style, widely used in the social and behavioral sciences.
• MLA style is the second most popular, used mainly in the humanities.
• Chicago notes and bibliography style is also popular in the humanities, especially history.
• Chicago author-date style tends to be used in the sciences.

Other more specialized styles exist for certain fields, such as Bluebook and OSCOLA for law.

The most important thing is to choose one style and use it consistently throughout your text.

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Caulfield, J. (2024, February 28). The Basics of In-Text Citation | APA & MLA Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved April 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/in-text-citation-styles/

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Meaning of quotation in English

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quotation noun [C] ( SAID )

• Her speech was larded with literary quotations.
• The title is a quotation from Shakespeare.
• He gave me a book of funny quotations.
• allude to someone / something
• allusiveness
• as for someone/something idiom
• bandy something around
• quote ... unquote idiom
• refer to someone/something
• reported speech
• undermentioned

quotation noun [C] ( PRICE )

• admission charge
• at the cost of something/doing something
• bank charges
• price point
• transfer fee

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

quotation noun [C] ( SHARES )

Quotation | intermediate english, quotation noun [c] ( repeated words ), quotation | business english, examples of quotation, collocations with quotation.

These are words often used in combination with quotation .

Click on a collocation to see more examples of it.

Translations of quotation

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Word of the Day

the nuts and bolts

the practical facts about a particular thing, rather than theories or ideas about it

Shoots, blooms and blossom: talking about plants

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Table of Contents

Collaboration, information literacy, writing process, inserting or altering words in a direct quotation.

• CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 by Nancy Lewis

What punctuation should be used when words are inserted or altered in a direct quotation?

When writers insert or alter words in a direct quotation, square brackets—[ ]—are placed around the change. The brackets, always used in pairs, enclose words intended to clarify meaning, provide a brief explanation, or to help integrate the quote into the writer’s sentence.  A common error writers make is to use parentheses in place of brackets.

How are square brackets used around clarifying or explanatory words?

Let’s look at an example:

Quotation with brackets used correctly around a clarifying word:

“It [driving] imposes a heavy procedural workload on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107). [1]

Note : Brackets are placed around the inserted word in this example to let the reader know that ‘driving’ clarifies the meaning of the pronoun ‘it.’

Quotation with parentheses incorrectly used in place of brackets:

“It (driving) imposes a heavy procedural workload on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Parentheses are used incorrectly in place of brackets in this example, making the inserted word look like it could be part of the original text.

Let’s look at another example:

Quotation with brackets used correctly around an explanatory insert:

“[D]riving is not as automatic as one might think; in fact, it imposes a heavy procedural workload [visual and motor demands] on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Brackets are placed around the inserted words in this example to provide further explanation of the “procedural workload” discussed in the original text.

“[D]riving is not as automatic as one might think; in fact, it imposes a heavy procedural workload (visual and motor demands) on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Parentheses are used incorrectly in place of brackets in this example, making the inserted words look like they are part of the original text.

How are square brackets used to help integrate a quote properly?

Original direct quotation beginning with an upper case letter:

“The heavy cognitive workload of driving suggests that any secondary task has the potential to affect driver behavior” (Salvucci and Taatgen 108).

Integrated quotation with brackets used correctly to indicate a change in letter case:

Salvucci and Taatgen propose that “[t]he heavy cognitive workload of driving suggests that any secondary task has the potential to affect driver behavior” (108).

Note : Brackets are placed around the lower-case letter ‘t’ to indicate that the letter case has been changed. The quotation is introduced by a signal phrase, which makes the quote an integral part of the writer’s sentence; as a result of this syntactical change, the upper case ‘T’ in the original is changed to a lower case letter.

Original direct quotation written in the past tense:

“Not coincidentally, drivers have been increasingly engaging in secondary tasks while driving” (Salvucci and Taatgen 68).

Note : The authors’ words appear in the past tense in the original text.

Quotation with brackets used correctly to indicate a change in verb tense:

“Not coincidentally, drivers [are] increasingly engaging in secondary tasks while driving” (Salvucci and Taatgen 68).

Note : Brackets are placed around the word ‘are’ to indicate that the verb has been changed to the present tense, which is the preferred tense for most writing in MLA style. The past tense is preferred for APA style writing. 

A word of caution : Bracketed insertions may not be used to alter or add to the quotation in a way that inaccurately or unfairly represents the original text. Quite simply, do not use bracketed material in a way that twists the author’s meaning.

Bracket Use: Quick Summary

[1] Salvucci, Dario D., and Niels A. Taatgen. Multitasking Minds . Oxford: Oxford UP, 2011. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) . Web. 20 Feb. 2012.

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Definition of quote

 (Entry 1 of 2)

transitive verb

intransitive verb

Definition of quote  (Entry 2 of 2)

Examples of quote in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'quote.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Medieval Latin quotare to mark the number of, number references, from Latin quotus of what number or quantity, from quot how many, (as) many as; akin to Latin qui who — more at who

1582, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a

1888, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Phrases Containing quote

• quote, unquote
• quote someone on

quote as saying

• quote you on that

Dictionary Entries Near quote

Cite this entry.

“Quote.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quote. Accessed 3 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of quote.

Kids Definition of quote  (Entry 2 of 2)

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Nglish: Translation of quote for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of quote for Arabic Speakers

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The Techy Life

How to Quote a Definition in an Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide

Quoting definitions in an essay can add depth and credibility to your arguments. It allows you to incorporate expert opinions and established definitions into your writing, providing a stronger foundation for your ideas. However, it is essential to understand the proper way to quote a definition to maintain clarity and avoid plagiarism.

This step-by-step guide will walk you through the process of effectively quoting a definition in your essay. Whether you are writing a research paper, an academic essay, or even a personal statement, mastering the art of quoting definitions will enhance your writing and provide a more substantial argument. So, let’s delve into the steps required to seamlessly integrate definitions into your writing and effectively engage your readers.

Understanding the Definition

A definition plays a crucial role in providing clarity and understanding to the readers. When including a definition in an essay, it is essential to understand its context and relevance to the main point of the essay. Without a proper understanding of the definition, it becomes challenging to effectively incorporate it into the essay.

A. Brief explanation of the definition’s context

Before including a definition in an essay, it is important to contextualize it. This involves providing a brief explanation of the definition’s origin, where it is commonly used, and any relevant historical or cultural factors associated with it. By providing this context, the reader can better grasp the meaning and significance of the definition in the essay.

B. Definition’s relevancy to the essay’s main point

Another crucial aspect to consider is the relevance of the definition to the main point of the essay. The definition should align with the essay’s thesis and support the overall argument being made. It should contribute to the reader’s understanding of the topic and strengthen the essay’s logic and coherence. Therefore, it is important to carefully evaluate the definition’s connection to the essay’s main point before quoting it.

To ensure a meaningful incorporation of the definition, the writer needs to carefully select an appropriate quote that accurately represents the definition while staying within the essay’s scope and purpose.

ISelecting the Appropriate Quote

A. Identifying key terms from the definition

The first step in selecting an appropriate quote is to identify the key terms or keywords from the definition. These terms are essential in capturing the essence of the definition and must be included in the quote. By focusing on these key terms, the writer can ensure that the quote accurately conveys the intended meaning of the definition.

B. Evaluating the relevance and significance of the quote

Once the key terms have been identified, it is important to evaluate the relevance and significance of the quote. The quote should be meaningful and contribute to the essay’s argument. It should provide valuable insights or support for the writer’s claims. By thoroughly assessing the quote’s relevance and significance, the writer can make an informed decision about whether to include it in the essay.

When formatting the quote, the writer must consider the length and structure of the definition to ensure clarity and readability. Using quotation marks and indentation is suitable for shorter definitions, while block quoting is more appropriate for longer explanations.

By following these steps, writers can effectively incorporate definitions into their essays, providing clarity and supporting their arguments. Understanding the definition, selecting an appropriate quote, and formatting it correctly are critical components in using definitions effectively in academic writing.

Table of Contents

Selecting the Appropriate Quote

When quoting a definition in an essay, it is essential to select the appropriate quote that effectively supports the essay’s main point. This section will provide guidance on how to identify key terms from the definition and evaluate the relevance and significance of the quote.

To select the appropriate quote, it is crucial to identify the key terms from the definition. These key terms act as the foundation for understanding the concept and ensure accurate representation in the essay. Key terms can include important nouns, verbs, or any words that define the concept being discussed.

For example, if the essay is about leadership and the definition being quoted is “Leadership is the ability to influence and guide others towards a common goal,” the key terms would be “leadership,” “ability,” “influence,” “guide,” and “common goal.” Identifying these key terms helps to focus on the core elements of the definition and choose the most relevant quote.

After identifying the key terms, it is necessary to evaluate the relevance and significance of the quote within the context of the essay. The quote should directly support the main point and strengthen the argument being presented.

Consider whether the quote provides a clear and concise explanation of the concept being discussed. Does it add value to the overall understanding of the topic? Is it aligned with the thesis statement? These questions will help determine the quote’s relevance and significance in supporting the essay’s argument.

Additionally, it is essential to consider the authoritativeness and credibility of the source from which the quote is taken. Ensure that the definition comes from a reputable and reliable source, as this adds credibility to the essay.

By evaluating the relevance and significance of the quote, writers can ensure they select the most appropriate definition that effectively supports their essay’s main point.

In conclusion, selecting the appropriate quote when quoting a definition is crucial for effective academic writing. By identifying key terms from the definition and evaluating the relevance and significance of the quote, writers can choose the most suitable definition that aligns with their essay’s argument. Through a thoughtful selection process, quotes can strengthen the essay’s content and contribute to a persuasive and well-supported argument.

IFormatting the Quote

A. using quotation marks and indentation for shorter definitions.

When including a shorter definition in your essay, it is important to format the quote correctly to distinguish it from your own words and ideas. To do this, you should enclose the definition in quotation marks and use proper indentation.

Quotation marks are used to indicate that the words are taken directly from another source. By enclosing the definition in quotation marks, you are signaling to your readers that this is not your original wording but is instead a quote.

Additionally, indentation is used to visually set apart the quote from the rest of the text. By indenting the quote, you are making it clear that these words belong to someone else and are not your own.

For example, if you are writing an essay about the importance of love and want to include a definition of love from a reputable source, you could format it like this:

According to Webster’s Dictionary, love is defined as “an intense feeling of deep affection or a deep romantic or sexual attachment to someone.”

In this example, the definition of love is enclosed in quotation marks and indented, showing that it is a quote from another source.

B. Block quoting for longer definitions

If the definition you want to include in your essay is longer, it is best to use block quoting. Block quoting involves setting the definition apart from the main text by starting it on a new line and indenting it. You do not need to use quotation marks for block quotes.

Here is an example of how to format a block quote for a longer definition:

Smith (2010) defines happiness as follows:

Happiness is a state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. It is not a fleeting moment, but rather a sustained sense of satisfaction with one’s life.

In this example, the definition of happiness is indented and presented as a block quote. The author’s name and publication information are included to provide proper attribution.

By using proper formatting for shorter and longer definitions, you can effectively quote definitions in your essay and maintain clarity for your readers. This formatting also helps to avoid plagiarism by clearly delineating the source of the definition and distinguishing it from your own analysis and interpretation.

Citing the Source

Understanding the citation style required (e.g., mla, apa).

When quoting a definition in an essay, it is essential to cite the source properly. The specific citation style required will depend on the guidelines provided by the instructor or the academic institution. The two most common citation styles are MLA (Modern Language Association) and APA (American Psychological Association).

If the essay follows MLA formatting, the citation should typically include the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses after the quote. For example, “(Smith 42).” The full source details should be listed in the Works Cited page at the end of the essay.

On the other hand, if the essay is using APA style, the citation should include the author’s last name and the year of publication in parentheses after the quote. For example, “(Smith, 2020).” The complete source details should be included in the reference list at the end of the essay.

It is crucial to adhere to the specific citation style requirements to maintain consistency and professionalism in academic writing.

Including the author’s name and publication information

When citing the source of a definition, it is important to include both the author’s name and the publication information. This helps the reader locate and verify the source if they wish to explore it further.

In MLA style, the author’s name should be listed as Last Name, First Name. The publication information should include the title of the article or book, the name of the publisher, and the year of publication. If the definition is from an online source, the URL should also be included.

In APA style, the author’s last name is followed by the initials of their first and middle names. The publication information should include the title of the article or book, the name of the publisher, and the year of publication. Additionally, if the definition is from an online source, the URL or a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) should be included.

Properly including the author’s name and publication information not only gives credit to the original source but also allows readers to access the materials for further research.

Overall, understanding the citation style required and including the author’s name and publication information are vital steps in quoting a definition in an essay. Adhering to the specific guidelines for citation ensures accuracy, credibility, and consistency in academic writing.

Properly Introducing the Definition

A. providing context for the quote within the essay.

When quoting a definition in an essay, it is crucial to properly introduce it within the context of your writing. This ensures that the definition seamlessly integrates into your essay and supports your main points.

Firstly, you need to consider the background information surrounding the definition. Ask yourself: Where does the definition come from? Who is the author or the source? Understanding the origin and credibility of the definition will help establish its relevance and importance within your essay.

Next, provide a brief overview of the concept or idea that the definition pertains to. This helps your readers understand why the definition is being introduced and its connection to your overall argument. For example, if you are writing an essay about the concept of freedom, and you quote a definition of freedom from a well-known philosopher, you may want to mention how the philosopher’s perspective on freedom is relevant to your discussion.

In addition, consider the timing of the definition within your essay. Introduce the definition at a point where it naturally fits in with the flow of your argument. This allows your readers to smoothly transition from your main points to the definition and understand its role in supporting your thesis.

B. Explaining the relevance of the definition to the essay’s thesis

Once you have provided the necessary context for the quote, it is important to explain the relevance of the definition to your essay’s thesis. This explanation helps your readers understand the purpose of including the definition and its significance in relation to your argument.

Start by addressing how the definition aligns with your thesis statement. Does it provide evidence or support for an aspect of your argument? Does it offer a different perspective or insight that strengthens your position?

Furthermore, highlight the specific ways in which the definition contributes to the depth and understanding of your topic. Does it clarify a complex term or concept, or does it challenge common assumptions and provide new insight?

Remember to connect the relevance of the definition back to your overall argument. Tie it in with your main points and explain how it enhances your essay’s thesis statement. This integration ensures that the quotation is not just an isolated piece of information, but a valuable contribution to your essay’s analysis and coherence.

Explaining the Definition

A. interpreting and paraphrasing the definition in your own words.

Explaining the definition is a crucial step in effectively quoting a definition in an essay. After selecting and formatting the appropriate quote from the source, it is important to interpret and paraphrase the definition in your own words. This demonstrates a deep understanding of the concept and allows you to present the information in a way that is cohesive with your own writing style.

Rather than simply regurgitating the quote verbatim, take the time to fully comprehend the definition and rephrase it using your own language. This helps to avoid the risk of plagiarism and ensures that you are truly grasping and conveying the meaning of the definition. Be sure to maintain the core meaning and essence of the definition while still putting it into your own words.

B. Providing examples or additional explanation to clarify the definition

In addition to interpreting and paraphrasing the definition, it is also important to provide examples or additional explanation to further clarify the meaning. Definitions can often be complex and abstract, so offering concrete examples or further explanation can help to make the concept more tangible and relatable to your readers.

For example, if you are quoting a definition of a scientific term, you could provide a real-world example of how the concept is applied in a scientific experiment. This helps readers understand how the definition is relevant and applicable in practical contexts.

Furthermore, you may choose to offer additional explanation to supplement the definition. This could involve expanding upon the implications of the concept, exploring its historical significance, or discussing any relevant controversies or debates surrounding it. By providing additional context and analysis, you add depth and richness to your essay, ultimately enhancing your argument and supporting your thesis.

In summary, when explaining a quoted definition in your essay, it is important to interpret and paraphrase the definition in your own words while maintaining its core meaning. Additionally, providing examples or additional explanation can help to clarify the meaning and make the concept more accessible to your readers. These steps not only demonstrate your understanding of the definition but also contribute to the overall coherence and effectiveness of your essay.

Analyzing the Definition

A. discussing the implications and significance of the definition.

When quoting a definition in an essay, it is not sufficient to simply include the quote and move on. It is essential to analyze the definition and discuss its implications and significance in order to provide a deeper understanding of the topic being discussed. By analyzing the definition, the writer can demonstrate their critical thinking skills and engage the reader in a more meaningful way.

To begin the analysis, it is important to consider the various implications of the definition. What does the definition suggest about the topic and its broader implications? Does it challenge commonly held beliefs or ideas? Does it present a new perspective or framework for understanding the topic? These are all questions that can guide the analysis of the definition.

Furthermore, it is crucial to discuss the significance of the definition within the context of the essay. How does the definition contribute to the overall argument being made? Does it strengthen the writer’s position or support a particular claim? By examining the significance of the definition, the writer can demonstrate its relevance and importance in relation to the topic under discussion.

In addition to discussing the implications and significance of the definition, it can be helpful to connect the definition to other concepts or ideas discussed in the essay. This can help to create a more cohesive and integrated argument. By making connections between the definition and other elements of the essay, the writer can demonstrate the depth of their understanding and the interconnectedness of the ideas being presented.

B. Connecting the definition to the overall argument of the essay

In order to effectively integrate the definition into the overall argument of the essay, it is important to establish a clear and logical connection between the two. The definition should not be seen as an isolated quotation, but rather as a supporting piece of evidence that contributes to the larger argument.

One way to establish this connection is by using the analysis of the definition to build upon or strengthen an existing argument. The writer can demonstrate how the definition aligns with their thesis statement or supports a specific claim. By connecting the definition to the overall argument, the writer can create a more cohesive and persuasive essay.

Alternatively, the analysis of the definition can also be used to introduce a new perspective or idea that challenges the existing argument. In this case, the definition serves as a catalyst for further exploration and discussion. By connecting the definition to the overall argument, the writer can demonstrate their willingness to consider multiple viewpoints and engage in critical analysis.

In conclusion, analyzing the definition is a crucial step in effectively quoting a definition in an essay. By discussing the implications and significance of the definition, and connecting it to the overall argument of the essay, the writer can provide a deeper understanding of the topic and engage the reader in a more meaningful way. By taking the time to analyze the definition, the writer can demonstrate their critical thinking skills and enhance the overall quality of their essay.

Avoiding Plagiarism

A. using proper citation to attribute the definition to its source.

Avoiding plagiarism is crucial when using definitions in an essay. One must always give credit to the original source by citing it properly. This not only gives recognition to the original author but also adds credibility to the essay.

When quoting a definition, it is essential to follow the citation style required by your academic institution or the guidelines given by your professor. Whether it is MLA, APA, or any other citation style, ensure that you understand and apply the required format consistently throughout your essay.

In-text citations are the most common way to attribute a definition to its source. This typically involves providing the author’s name and the publication year of the source. For example, in MLA format, you would include the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses after the quote. In APA format, you would include the author’s last name and the publication year in parentheses.

Additionally, if you are using a direct quote, make sure to include the page number or paragraph number in the citation as well. This helps readers easily locate the quoted definition within the source.

B. Paraphrasing and Summarizing the Definition to Avoid Excessive Reliance on Direct Quotes

While it is acceptable to use direct quotes when necessary, relying too heavily on them can hinder the flow and originality of your essay. To avoid this, make an effort to paraphrase or summarize the definition in your own words.

Paraphrasing involves restating the definition using different words and sentence structure while maintaining the original meaning. Summarizing, on the other hand, involves providing a concise overview of the definition’s main points. By paraphrasing or summarizing, you demonstrate your understanding of the definition and incorporate it into your essay while avoiding excessive reliance on direct quotes.

Remember, even when paraphrasing or summarizing, it is still important to attribute the idea to its source through proper citation. Failure to do so can still be seen as plagiarism.

By properly citing your sources and incorporating definitions through paraphrasing and summarizing, you can avoid plagiarism and maintain the integrity of your essay. This demonstrates your ethical approach to academic writing and showcases your ability to effectively use definitions within the context of your argument.

Integrating the Definition into the Essay

A. blending the quote smoothly into the essay’s flow and structure.

Integrating a definition quote into an essay requires careful consideration of its placement, ensuring that it smoothly blends into the overall flow and structure of the paper. The goal is to make the quote feel like a natural part of the essay, rather than an abrupt interruption.

To achieve this, start by introducing the quote in a way that sets it up and provides a smooth transition from the previous content. Use appropriate linking words or phrases such as “according to,” “as defined by,” or “in the words of” to signal the upcoming quote. This helps the reader understand that a definition is about to be presented.

Once the quote is introduced, it is essential to seamlessly incorporate it into the sentence or paragraph. Avoid simply dropping the quote without any additional commentary. Instead, provide some analysis or explanation immediately after the quote to demonstrate your understanding and engagement with the definition.

Additionally, consider the overall structure of the essay. If the essay is organized into paragraphs or sections based on different arguments or points, ensure that the quote is placed in a relevant section. The quote should support the particular argument or point it is included to enhance. Make sure the quote reinforces the central theme or thesis of the essay and contributes to the overall coherence and logical progression of ideas.

B. Ensuring the quote enhances the overall argument and supports the essay’s thesis

When integrating a definition quote, it is crucial to evaluate its relevance and impact on the essay’s thesis. The quote should contribute meaningfully to the argument being presented and provide support or evidence for the claims made in the essay.

Before including the quote, ask yourself how it aligns with the essay’s main ideas. Does it strengthen the argument, clarify a concept, or add depth to the analysis? Consider whether the quote brings a valuable perspective or sheds light on a specific aspect of the topic under discussion.

Ensure that the quote is aligned with the tone and style of your writing. If the quote conveys a complex or technical definition, make sure it is appropriate for your intended audience. Adjust the language or provide additional explanations if needed to make the quote accessible and understandable to the reader.

Remember that the purpose of integrating a quote is to enhance the overall argument and provide evidence or substance to the essay’s thesis. Avoid using quotes as mere filler or to meet a word count requirement. Each quote should serve a specific purpose and contribute to the overall effectiveness and persuasiveness of the essay.

By carefully blending the quote into the essay’s flow and structure and ensuring it supports the thesis, you can effectively integrate a definition quote and enhance the overall quality of your academic writing.

A. Recapitulating the key steps for quoting a definition in an essay

In this step-by-step guide, we have outlined the key steps to effectively quote a definition in an essay. By following these steps, you can ensure that definitions are seamlessly integrated into your writing and support your argument effectively.

First, it is important to understand the context of the definition and its relevance to your essay’s main point. This will help you select the appropriate quote and determine its significance.

When selecting the quote, identify key terms from the definition that are essential to conveying its meaning. Evaluate the relevance and significance of the quote, considering how it contributes to your argument.

Formatting the quote correctly is essential for clarity and academic integrity. Use quotation marks and indentation for shorter definitions, and opt for block quoting for longer definitions to maintain readability.

Citing the source of the definition is necessary to give credit to the original author and avoid plagiarism. Understanding the citation style required, such as MLA or APA, is crucial for providing accurate and complete information.

Properly introducing the definition within your essay is important to provide context for the quote. Explain its relevance to your essay’s thesis and how it supports your argument.

To effectively utilize the definition, it is necessary to interpret and paraphrase it in your own words. This not only showcases your understanding but also helps clarify the concept for your readers. Providing examples or further explanation can also enhance the understanding of the definition.

Analyzing the definition is a critical step in your essay. Discuss the implications and significance of the definition, and connect it to the overall argument. This demonstrates your critical thinking and deepens the impact of the definition on your essay’s thesis.

To avoid plagiarism, it is vital to use proper citation to attribute the definition to its source. Additionally, make sure to paraphrase and summarize the definition to avoid excessive reliance on direct quoting.

Finally, integrate the definition smoothly into your essay’s flow and structure. Ensure that the quote enhances the overall argument and supports your essay’s thesis seamlessly.

B. Emphasizing the importance of using definitions effectively in academic writing

Using definitions effectively in academic writing is crucial for clarity and precision. Definitions can provide a solid foundation for your arguments and help your readers understand complex concepts. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can effectively quote definitions in your essays and enhance the impact of your writing.

Remember that proper citation is essential to give credit to the original source and avoid plagiarism. Introduce and explain definitions within the context of your essay, making their relevance to your main argument clear.

By analyzing and interpreting definitions, you demonstrate your critical thinking and deepen the engagement with your readers. Definitions can serve as powerful tools to strengthen your arguments and provide a solid basis for your essay’s thesis.

In conclusion, effective use of definitions in your writing requires careful selection, formatting, citation, and integration. By following the step-by-step guide provided here, you can quote definitions with confidence and elevate the quality of your academic essays.

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Guest Essay

I’m an Economist. Don’t Worry. Be Happy.

By Justin Wolfers

Mr. Wolfers is a professor of economics and public policy at the University of Michigan and a host of the “Think Like an Economist” podcast.

I, too, know that flash of resentment when grocery store prices feel like they don’t make sense. I hate the fact that a small treat now feels less like an earned indulgence and more like financial folly. And I’m concerned about my kids now that house prices look like telephone numbers.

But I breathe through it. And I remind myself of the useful perspective that my training as an economist should bring. Sometimes it helps, so I want to share it with you.

Simple economic logic suggests that neither your well-being nor mine depends on the absolute magnitude of the numbers on a price sticker.

To see this, imagine falling asleep and waking up years later to discover that every price tag has an extra zero on it. A gumball costs $2.50 instead of a quarter; the dollar store is the $10 store; and a coffee is $50. The 10-dollar bill in your wallet is now $100; and your bank statement has transformed $800 of savings into $8,000.

Importantly, the price that matters most to you — your hourly pay rate — is also 10 times as high.

What has actually changed in this new world of inflated price tags? The world has a lot more zeros in it, but nothing has really changed.

That’s because the currency that really matters is how many hours you have to work to afford your groceries, a small treat, or a home, and none of these real trade-offs have changed.

This fairy tale — with some poetic license — is roughly the story of our recent inflation. The pandemic-fueled inflationary impulse didn’t add an extra zero to every price tag, but it did something similar.

The same inflationary forces that pushed these prices higher have also pushed wages to be 22 percent higher than on the eve of the pandemic. Official statistics show that the stuff that a typical American buys now costs 20 percent more over the same period. Some prices rose a little more, some a little less, but they all roughly rose in parallel.

It follows that the typical worker can now afford two percent more stuff. That doesn’t sound like a lot, but it’s a faster rate of improvement than the average rate of real wage growth over the past few decades .

Of course, these are population averages, and they may not reflect your reality. Some folks really are struggling. But in my experience, many folks feel that they’re falling behind, even when a careful analysis of the numbers suggests they’re not.

That’s because real people — and yes, even professional economists — tend to process the parallel rise of prices and wages in quite different ways. In brief, researchers have found that we tend to internalize the gains due to inflation and externalize the losses. These different processes yield different emotional responses.

Let’s start with higher prices. Sticker shock hurts. Even as someone who closely studies the inflation statistics, I’m still often surprised by higher prices. They feel unfair. They undermine my spending power, and my sense of control and order.

But in reality, higher prices are only the first act of the inflationary play. It’s a play that economists have seen before. In episode after episode, surges in prices have led to — or been preceded by — a proportional surge in wages.

Even though wages tend to rise hand-in-hand with prices, we tell ourselves a different story, in which the wage rises we get have nothing to do with price rises that cause them.

I know that when I ripped open my annual review letter and learned that I had gotten a larger raise than normal, it felt good. For a moment, I believed that my boss had really seen me and finally valued my contribution.

But then my economist brain took over, and slowly it sunk in that my raise wasn’t a reward for hard work, but rather a cost-of-living adjustment.

Internalizing the gain and externalizing the cost of inflation protects you from this deflating realization. But it also distorts your sense of reality.

The reason so many Americans feel that inflation is stealing their purchasing power is that they give themselves unearned credit for the offsetting wage rises that actually restore it.

Those who remember the Great Inflation of the ’60s, ’70s and early ’80s have lived through many cycles of prices rising and wages following. They understand the deal: Inflation makes life more difficult for a bit, but you’re only ever one cost-of-living adjustment away from catching up.

But younger folks — anyone under 60 — had never experienced sustained inflation rates greater than 5 percent in their adult lives. And I think this explains why they’re so angry about today’s inflation.

They haven’t seen this play before, and so they don’t know that when Act I involves higher prices, Act II usually sees wages rising to catch up. If you didn’t know there was an Act II coming, you might leave the theater at intermission, thinking you just saw a show about big corporations exploiting a pandemic to take your slice of the economic pie.

By this telling, decades of low inflation have left several generations ill equipped to deal with its return.

While older Americans understood that the pain of inflation is transitory, younger folks aren’t so sure. Inflation is a lot scarier when you fear that today’s price rises will permanently undermine your ability to make ends meet.

Perhaps this explains why the recent moderate burst of inflation has created seemingly more anxiety than previous inflationary episodes.

More generally, being an economist makes me an optimist. Social media is awash with (false) claims that we’re in a “ silent depression ,” and those who want to make American great again are certain it was once so much better.

But in reality, our economy this year is larger, more productive and will yield higher average incomes than in any prior year on record in American history. And because the United States is the world’s richest major economy, we can now say that we are almost certainly part of the richest large society in its richest year in the history of humanity.

The income of the average American will double approximately every 39 years. And so when my kids are my age, average income will be roughly double what it is today. Far from being fearful for my kids, I’m envious of the extraordinary riches their generation will enjoy.

Psychologists describe anxiety disorders as occurring when the panic you feel is out of proportion to the danger you face. By this definition, we’re in the midst of a macroeconomic anxiety attack.

And so the advice I give as an economist mirrors that I would give were I your therapist: Breathe through that anxiety, and remember that this, too, shall pass.

Justin Wolfers is a professor of economics and public policy at the University of Michigan and a host of the “Think Like an Economist” podcast.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

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