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What Are Effective Presentation Skills (and How to Improve Them)

Presentation skills are essential for your personal and professional life. Learn about effective presentations and how to boost your presenting techniques.

At least seven out of 10 Americans agree that presentation skills are essential for a successful career [ 1 ]. Although it might be tempting to think that these are skills reserved for people interested in public speaking roles, they're critical in a diverse range of jobs. For example, you might need to brief your supervisor on research results.

Presentation skills are also essential in other scenarios, including working with a team and explaining your thought process, walking clients through project ideas and timelines, and highlighting your strengths and achievements to your manager during performance reviews.

Whatever the scenario, you have very little time to capture your audience’s attention and get your point across when presenting information—about three seconds, according to research [ 2 ]. Effective presentation skills help you get your point across and connect with the people you’re communicating with, which is why nearly every employer requires them.

Understanding what presentation skills are is only half the battle. Honing your presenting techniques is essential for mastering presentations of all kinds and in all settings.

What are presentation skills?

Presentation skills are the abilities and qualities necessary for creating and delivering a compelling presentation that effectively communicates information and ideas. They encompass what you say, how you structure it, and the materials you include to support what you say, such as slides, videos, or images.

You'll make presentations at various times in your life. Examples include:

Making speeches at a wedding, conference, or another event

Making a toast at a dinner or event

Explaining projects to a team 

Delivering results and findings to management teams

Teaching people specific methods or information

Proposing a vote at community group meetings

Pitching a new idea or business to potential partners or investors

Why are presentation skills important? 

Delivering effective presentations is critical in your professional and personal life. You’ll need to hone your presentation skills in various areas, such as when giving a speech, convincing your partner to make a substantial purchase, and talking to friends and family about an important situation.

No matter if you’re using them in a personal or professional setting, these are the skills that make it easier and more effective to convey your ideas, convince or persuade others, and experience success. A few of the benefits that often accompany improving your presentation skills include:

Enriched written and verbal communication skills

Enhanced confidence and self-image

Boosted critical thinking and problem-solving capabilities

Better motivational techniques

Increased leadership skills

Expanded time management, negotiation, and creativity

The better your presenting techniques, the more engaging your presentations will be. You could also have greater opportunities to make positive impacts in business and other areas of your life.

Effective presentation skills

Imagine yourself in the audience at a TED Talk or sitting with your coworkers at a big meeting held by your employer. What would you be looking for in how they deliver their message? What would make you feel engaged?

These are a few questions to ask yourself as you review this list of some of the most effective presentation skills.

Verbal communication

How you use language and deliver messages play essential roles in how your audience will receive your presentation. Speak clearly and confidently, projecting your voice enough to ensure everyone can hear. Think before you speak, pausing when necessary and tailoring the way you talk to resonate with your particular audience.

Body language

Body language combines various critical elements, including posture, gestures, eye contact, expressions, and position in front of the audience. Body language is one of the elements that can instantly transform a presentation that would otherwise be dull into one that's dynamic and interesting.

Voice projection

The ability to project your voice improves your presentation by allowing your audience to hear what you're saying. It also increases your confidence to help settle any lingering nerves while also making your message more engaging. To project your voice, stand comfortably with your shoulders back. Take deep breaths to power your speaking voice and ensure you enunciate every syllable you speak.

How you present yourself plays a role in your body language and ability to project your voice. It also sets the tone for the presentation. Avoid slouching or looking overly tense. Instead, remain open, upright, and adaptable while taking the formality of the occasion into account.

Storytelling

Incorporating storytelling into a presentation is an effective strategy used by many powerful public speakers. It has the power to bring your subject to life and pique the audience’s curiosity. Don’t be afraid to tell a personal story, slowly building up suspense or adding a dramatic moment. And, of course, be sure to end with a positive takeaway to drive your point home.

Active listening

Active listening is a valuable skill all on its own. When you understand and thoughtfully respond to what you hear—whether it's in a conversation or during a presentation—you’ll likely deepen your personal relationships and actively engage audiences during a presentation. As part of your presentation skill set, it helps catch and maintain the audience’s attention, helping them remain focused while minimizing passive response, ensuring the message is delivered correctly, and encouraging a call to action.

Stage presence

During a presentation, projecting confidence can help keep your audience engaged. Stage presence can help you connect with your audience and encourage them to want to watch you. To improve your presence, try amping up your normal demeanor by infusing it with a bit of enthusiasm. Project confidence and keep your information interesting.

Watch your audience as you’re presenting. If you’re holding their attention, it likely means you’re connecting well with them.

Self-awareness

Monitoring your own emotions and reactions will allow you to react well in various situations. It helps you remain personable throughout your presentation and handle feedback well. Self-awareness can help soothe nervousness during presentations, allowing you to perform more effectively.

Writing skills

Writing is a form of presentation. Sharp writing skills can help you master your presentation’s outline to ensure you stay on message and remain clear about your objectives from the beginning until the end. It’s also helpful to have strong writing abilities for creating compelling slides and other visual aids.

Understanding an audience

When you understand your audience's needs and interests, you can design your presentation around them. In turn, you'll deliver maximum value to them and enhance your ability to make your message easy to understand.

Learn more about presentation skills from industry experts at SAP:

How to improve presentation skills

There’s an art to public speaking. Just like any other type of art, this is one that requires practice. Improving your presentation skills will help reduce miscommunications, enhance your time management capabilities, and boost your leadership skills. Here are some ways you can improve these skills:

Work on self-confidence.

When you’re confident, you naturally speak more clearly and with more authority. Taking the time to prepare your presentation with a strong opening and compelling visual aids can help you feel more confident. Other ways to improve your self-confidence include practicing positive self-talk, surrounding yourself with positive people, and avoiding comparing yourself (or your presentation) to others.

Develop strategies for overcoming fear.

Many people are nervous or fearful before giving a presentation. A bad memory of a past performance or insufficient self-confidence can contribute to fear and anxiety. Having a few go-to strategies like deep breathing, practicing your presentation, and grounding can help you transform that fear into extra energy to put into your stage presence.

Learn grounding techniques.

Grounding is any type of technique that helps you steer your focus away from distressing thoughts and keeps you connected with your present self. To ground yourself, stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and imagine you’re a large, mature tree with roots extending deep into the earth—like the tree, you can become unshakable.

Learn how to use presentation tools.

Visual aids and other technical support can transform an otherwise good presentation into a wow-worthy one. A few popular presentation tools include:

Canva: Provides easy-to-design templates you can customize

Powtoon: Animation software that makes video creation fast and easy

PowerPoint: Microsoft's iconic program popular for dynamic marketing and sales presentations

Practice breathing techniques.

Breathing techniques can help quell anxiety, making it easier to shake off pre-presentation jitters and nerves. It also helps relax your muscles and get more oxygen to your brain.  For some pre-presentation calmness, you can take deep breaths, slowly inhaling through your nose and exhaling through your mouth.

While presenting, breathe in through your mouth with the back of your tongue relaxed so your audience doesn't hear a gasping sound. Speak on your exhalation, maintaining a smooth voice.

Gain experience.

The more you practice, the better you’ll become. The more you doanything, the more comfortable you’ll feel engaging in that activity. Presentations are no different. Repeatedly practicing your own presentation also offers the opportunity to get feedback from other people and tweak your style and content as needed.

Tips to help you ace your presentation

Your presentation isn’t about you; it’s about the material you’re presenting. Sometimes, reminding yourself of this ahead of taking center stage can help take you out of your head, allowing you to connect effectively with your audience. The following are some of the many actions you can take on the day of your presentation.

Arrive early.

Since you may have a bit of presentation-related anxiety, it’s important to avoid adding travel stress. Give yourself an abundance of time to arrive at your destination, and take into account heavy traffic and other unforeseen events. By arriving early, you also give yourself time to meet with any on-site technicians, test your equipment, and connect with people ahead of the presentation.

Become familiar with the layout of the room.

Arriving early also gives you time to assess the room and figure out where you want to stand. Experiment with the acoustics to determine how loudly you need to project your voice, and test your equipment to make sure everything connects and appears properly with the available setup. This is an excellent opportunity to work out any last-minute concerns and move around to familiarize yourself with the setting for improved stage presence.

Listen to presenters ahead of you.

When you watch others present, you'll get a feel for the room's acoustics and lighting. You can also listen for any data that’s relevant to your presentation and revisit it during your presentation—this can make the presentation more interactive and engaging.

Use note cards.

Writing yourself a script could provide you with more comfort. To prevent sounding too robotic or disengaged, only include talking points in your note cards in case you get off track. Using note cards can help keep your presentation organized while sounding more authentic to your audience.

Learn to deliver clear and confident presentations with Dynamic Public Speaking from the University of Washington. Build confidence, develop new delivery techniques, and practice strategies for crafting compelling presentations for different purposes, occasions, and audiences.

Article sources

Forbes. “ New Survey: 70% Say Presentation Skills are Critical for Career Success , https://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2014/09/25/new-survey-70-percent-say-presentation-skills-critical-for-career-success/?sh=619f3ff78890.” Accessed December 7, 2022.

Beautiful.ai. “ 15 Presentation and Public Speaking Stats You Need to Know , https://www.beautiful.ai/blog/15-presentation-and-public-speaking-stats-you-need-to-know. Accessed December 7, 2022.

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How to prepare and deliver an effective oral presentation

• Related content
• Peer review
• Lucia Hartigan , registrar 1 ,
• Fionnuala Mone , fellow in maternal fetal medicine 1 ,
• Mary Higgins , consultant obstetrician 2
• 1 National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
• 2 National Maternity Hospital, Dublin; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin
• luciahartigan{at}hotmail.com

The success of an oral presentation lies in the speaker’s ability to transmit information to the audience. Lucia Hartigan and colleagues describe what they have learnt about delivering an effective scientific oral presentation from their own experiences, and their mistakes

The objective of an oral presentation is to portray large amounts of often complex information in a clear, bite sized fashion. Although some of the success lies in the content, the rest lies in the speaker’s skills in transmitting the information to the audience. 1

Preparation

It is important to be as well prepared as possible. Look at the venue in person, and find out the time allowed for your presentation and for questions, and the size of the audience and their backgrounds, which will allow the presentation to be pitched at the appropriate level.

See what the ambience and temperature are like and check that the format of your presentation is compatible with the available computer. This is particularly important when embedding videos. Before you begin, look at the video on stand-by and make sure the lights are dimmed and the speakers are functioning.

For visual aids, Microsoft PowerPoint or Apple Mac Keynote programmes are usual, although Prezi is increasing in popularity. Save the presentation on a USB stick, with email or cloud storage backup to avoid last minute disasters.

When preparing the presentation, start with an opening slide containing the title of the study, your name, and the date. Begin by addressing and thanking the audience and the organisation that has invited you to speak. Typically, the format includes background, study aims, methodology, results, strengths and weaknesses of the study, and conclusions.

If the study takes a lecturing format, consider including “any questions?” on a slide before you conclude, which will allow the audience to remember the take home messages. Ideally, the audience should remember three of the main points from the presentation. 2

Have a maximum of four short points per slide. If you can display something as a diagram, video, or a graph, use this instead of text and talk around it.

Animation is available in both Microsoft PowerPoint and the Apple Mac Keynote programme, and its use in presentations has been demonstrated to assist in the retention and recall of facts. 3 Do not overuse it, though, as it could make you appear unprofessional. If you show a video or diagram don’t just sit back—use a laser pointer to explain what is happening.

Rehearse your presentation in front of at least one person. Request feedback and amend accordingly. If possible, practise in the venue itself so things will not be unfamiliar on the day. If you appear comfortable, the audience will feel comfortable. Ask colleagues and seniors what questions they would ask and prepare responses to these questions.

It is important to dress appropriately, stand up straight, and project your voice towards the back of the room. Practise using a microphone, or any other presentation aids, in advance. If you don’t have your own presenting style, think of the style of inspirational scientific speakers you have seen and imitate it.

Try to present slides at the rate of around one slide a minute. If you talk too much, you will lose your audience’s attention. The slides or videos should be an adjunct to your presentation, so do not hide behind them, and be proud of the work you are presenting. You should avoid reading the wording on the slides, but instead talk around the content on them.

Maintain eye contact with the audience and remember to smile and pause after each comment, giving your nerves time to settle. Speak slowly and concisely, highlighting key points.

Do not assume that the audience is completely familiar with the topic you are passionate about, but don’t patronise them either. Use every presentation as an opportunity to teach, even your seniors. The information you are presenting may be new to them, but it is always important to know your audience’s background. You can then ensure you do not patronise world experts.

To maintain the audience’s attention, vary the tone and inflection of your voice. If appropriate, use humour, though you should run any comments or jokes past others beforehand and make sure they are culturally appropriate. Check every now and again that the audience is following and offer them the opportunity to ask questions.

Finishing up is the most important part, as this is when you send your take home message with the audience. Slow down, even though time is important at this stage. Conclude with the three key points from the study and leave the slide up for a further few seconds. Do not ramble on. Give the audience a chance to digest the presentation. Conclude by acknowledging those who assisted you in the study, and thank the audience and organisation. If you are presenting in North America, it is usual practice to conclude with an image of the team. If you wish to show references, insert a text box on the appropriate slide with the primary author, year, and paper, although this is not always required.

Answering questions can often feel like the most daunting part, but don’t look upon this as negative. Assume that the audience has listened and is interested in your research. Listen carefully, and if you are unsure about what someone is saying, ask for the question to be rephrased. Thank the audience member for asking the question and keep responses brief and concise. If you are unsure of the answer you can say that the questioner has raised an interesting point that you will have to investigate further. Have someone in the audience who will write down the questions for you, and remember that this is effectively free peer review.

Be proud of your achievements and try to do justice to the work that you and the rest of your group have done. You deserve to be up on that stage, so show off what you have achieved.

Competing interests: We have read and understood the BMJ Group policy on declaration of interests and declare the following interests: None.

• ↵ Rovira A, Auger C, Naidich TP. How to prepare an oral presentation and a conference. Radiologica 2013 ; 55 (suppl 1): 2 -7S. OpenUrl
• ↵ Bourne PE. Ten simple rules for making good oral presentations. PLos Comput Biol 2007 ; 3 : e77 . OpenUrl PubMed
• ↵ Naqvi SH, Mobasher F, Afzal MA, Umair M, Kohli AN, Bukhari MH. Effectiveness of teaching methods in a medical institute: perceptions of medical students to teaching aids. J Pak Med Assoc 2013 ; 63 : 859 -64. OpenUrl

Home / How to Create an Effective and Engaging Medical Presentation in 6 Easy Steps

How to Create an Effective and Engaging Medical Presentation in 6 Easy Steps

Very few people seek out jobs based on public speaking opportunities — and that’s particularly true for medical professionals. 

But while life-saving research and discovery is some of the most important work medical teams will do, they also need to know how to share what they’ve learned .

Presentations are an effective way of unveiling new findings within scientific communities, training peers and juniors on essential new measures, and advancing your medical career — but there’s a great, and not so great, way of doing it. 

When the content is as important as this, you simply can’t run the risk of misleading, misinforming, or disengaging your audience. Your medical presentation needs to be concise and to the point, yet detailed enough to get buy-in. 

Whether you’re presenting a case for grand rounds, or lecturing a class of students, the information should be the center of attention — if your listeners are distracted by unnecessary clipart, or confused by the hierarchy of information, they won’t take away half of what you’re saying.

In short: getting the presentation design right is just as important as delivering it well. Here’s how to create an effective and engaging medical presentation — without wasting hours on PowerPoint!

Simple is better

Be wise with your color choice, don’t overcrowd slides with text, give your audience time to process, make graphs work for you, start with a template.

Those fancy templates in PowerPoint might look tempting, but when they are up on the big screen your audience may well find them distracting and confusing. 

When it comes to a medical presentation template, you want to avoid:

• Complicated design
• Extraneous lines or dots
• Patterns or textures of any sort
• Bright or loud colors

Now this is not to say that the best design is a barren one. Black text on a white background, slide after slide, won’t do much to inspire your audience either.

Instead you want a minimalist design using a small but impactful color palette . Avoid unnecessary visual details, and let your content really do the talking. 

Our brains are hardwired to associate colors with feelings and emotions. For example, yellow is typically associated with extraversion and optimism, while green is evocative of peace and tranquillity (thanks to its links with nature).

But what color denotes “medical professional”?

Blue is widely used in both medical and business spheres, to convey reliability and trust. In fact, blue is the single most common logo color among the leading healthcare organizations in the USA and around the world!

And different shades of blue imply different things — lighter shades are gentle (good for pediatric care, for example) while darker shades like navy carry more weight and impact.

Gray can be a useful secondary presentation color, thanks to its neutrality, but use red sparingly — if at all. Red, while bold and assertive, tends to convey feelings of aggression. Hematologists are the only ones who can get away with using red in a medical presentation — and even then, it should still be used judiciously ! 

If you want to learn more about this, take a look at our full guide to the psychology of color .

When you’re passionate about the work you’ve done, it’s tempting to lay it all out for the world to see. We’ve all been there before, but try to hold fire.

The more text you pack on to each slide, the less your audience will take away from the presentation. Remember: your presentation is not a document — even lecture slides should be designed as a presentation first and foremost. 

As a presenter, it’s your responsibility to land the most salient points in the moment . If that means having just two or three words on your slide, and verbalizing the rest, then do it.

If you’re really worried about getting the finer details across, then supplement your slide deck with a printed handout and really take the time to expand on key messages as you speak. This may sound like double the work, but it’s simply counterproductive to crowd your slides with text.

Use visuals in place of text wherever possible, and try to avoid bullet points — they’ll just tempt you into writing more! 

Even if you’re talking to a room full of the brightest medical minds, they’ll still need a moment to catch up with what you’re saying.

And this pause can be delivered in a number of ways.

First, you can separate your presentation into several sections, thereby helping your audience navigate the overall flow of what you’re saying. For example: ‘Key findings’, ‘What this means for the medical world’, and ‘Next steps’. After each section, pause for a moment to let your message land — this is especially important for long or very dense presentations. Then, when you’ve got the room with you again, you can carry on.

You can use visuals to remind yourself to pause, too. When we’re nervous, we tend to rattle on to fill the silence. So a strategically placed slide, with nothing but a relevant image, will be your cue to take a breath and summarize what you’ve said before continuing.

Graphs and other visual data displays are the staple of all good medical presentations. Nothing beats a graph for highlighting trends and correlations, or the need for action in a particular area.

There are plenty of existing graphs you can find in textbooks and journals, but these are often low resolution and not suited to presenting to an audience — think about those at the back of the room! 

Instead, look for a better version online. And if you can’t find one, you can create your own.  

This is easy enough if you know your way around Excel. Using simple tables to input your data, you can create graphs that are hi-res enough to work in your presentation.

But, again, simple is better here. You want to use a clean design with no unnecessary data — use colors, text, and visuals to highlight your message. A blurry, overwhelming or hard-to-decipher graph will only muddle what you’ve got to say.

As a medical professional, you’ve probably got far more pressing things to worry about than upskilling yourself on PowerPoint, right? And that’s where presentation templates come in. 

Templates give you the bare bones of what you need for an engaging presentation design, allowing you to fill in the gaps with your expertise.

Even when you do that the time to sit down and dedicate a couple of hours to presentation design, it’s reassuring to know you’re starting from the right place. The best templates can either be rolled out within half an hour — just add in your findings, and go — or they can be tweaked and reworked, to include specific medical branding or other visual elements.

At SlidesCarnival we have a wide range of templates, specifically designed for medical presentations. The colors have been carefully chosen, the layouts lend themselves perfectly, text boxes are used just sparingly enough, and there’s a host of visual tools (like specialized icons) to help you keep your points tight. Sometimes a professional grade presentation is all you need to step up with confidence in front of colleagues, peers, mentees and other revered individuals from the medical and scientific community. So why worry about getting the design right? Just follow the tips we’ve laid out today, and lean on our medical presentation templates to get you started.

Best Medical Templates at SlidesCarnival

Free medical Powerpoint template & Google Slides theme with blue 3D shapes

Medical Illustrated. Free PowerPoint Template & Google Slides Theme

Free medical Powerpoint template or Google Slides theme in blue color

Free medical Powerpoint template & Google Slides theme with virus

Free medical and health Powerpoint template or Google Slides theme

2 replies to “how to create an effective and engaging medical presentation in 6 easy steps”.

Very useful to all professionals at all stages of carrear.

nice and useful topic .. thank you

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• v.14(11); 2022 Nov

Visualization Techniques in Healthcare Applications: A Narrative Review

Nehad a abudiyab.

1 Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU

2 Researcher, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU

Abdullah T Alanazi

3 Researcher, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU

4 Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU

Nowadays, healthcare management systems are adopting various techniques that facilitate the achievement of the goals of evidence-based medical practice. This review explores different visualization techniques and their importance in healthcare contexts. We performed a thorough search on databases such as the SLD portal, PubMed, and Google Scholar to obtain relevant studies. We selected recent articles published between 2018 and 2021 on visualization techniques in healthcare. The field of healthcare generates massive volumes of data that require visualization techniques to make them easily comprehensible and to guide their efficient presentation. Visualization in healthcare involves the effective presentation of information through graphics, images, and videos. Big data systems handle a massive amount of information and require visualization techniques to present it in a comprehensible manner. The significance of visualization techniques in healthcare is not confined to healthcare practitioners and healthcare management but encompasses all the stakeholders; patients can benefit from the visualization of his/her data for a better understanding of their condition. In short, visualization techniques have demonstrated their benefits in the healthcare sector and can be extended to the payer and the patient. They have also had a positive impact on the quality of the healthcare provided as well as patient safety.

Introduction and background

Data visualization in healthcare sectors relies on sophisticated modern technology that enables professionals from various fields to demonstrate their work and present information efficiently. Visualization techniques assist healthcare providers in understanding the trends that have occurred in the past as well as those in the present and in predicting and anticipating future trends and directions. Generally, data visualization involves representing data and information in various forms, such as graphs, charts, diagrams, and pictures [ 1 ]. These visualization techniques can provide healthcare providers with an easy way to identify and understand data trends, outliers, and patterns [ 2 ]. Visualization techniques have been essential in various healthcare sectors, especially in terms of supporting providers in making important clinical decisions regarding patient and community health. Through various visualization techniques, the healthcare organization can synthesize raw data into graphs and then present it in charts to enable the prompt interpretation of the trends and patterns [ 3 ].

This review aims to explore the different visualization techniques in healthcare, identify the benefits they bring to the field, and provide future directions for visualization-related studies.

This literature review provides a descriptive analysis of the application of visualization techniques in healthcare settings. The review criteria focus on incorporating the available studies in the review context and identifying recent research on visualization techniques in healthcare. The selected articles were obtained from various databases (SLD portal, PubMed, and Google Scholar).

The information about applications of visualization techniques in healthcare sectors is derived from data analysis and presentation. The most viable techniques are employed in the contemporary aspects of data visualization. Statistical analysis is complex to present via data visualization. Hence, it is accomplished through the use of interactive visualization. According to Gartner (2021), interactive visualization can be defined as manipulating graphical information via brightness, color, motion, and shape to elevate the meaning of the presented data [ 4 ]. Distinctly, the core objective of interactive and data visualization is to present and display the information in a way that the stakeholders will be able to interpret the data and increase their knowledge, thereby directly improving the service quality. In this context, many researchers have explored visualization techniques in healthcare sectors.

Historical Context of Data Visualization in Healthcare

One study discussed the application of data visualization in healthcare sectors in the context of what the author calls the Florence effect [ 5 ]. According to this study, the healthcare sector requires using the information in a potent way that propagates efficiency, promoting evidence-based practice [ 5 ]. The implication is that incorporating visualization techniques in healthcare sectors has enabled them to achieve various goals of evidence-based practice. Furthermore, the healthcare sector has established a platform that utilizes data visualization to interpret and assimilate complex healthcare data [ 5 ]. The researcher established the historical context of data visualization by referring to the efforts of Florence Nightingale in the 19th century [ 5 ]. Florence Nightingale was a military nurse who took care of injured British soldiers. Based on her daily treatment of injured soldiers, she accumulated sufficient patient information that could be used to help reduce the mortality of the other wounded soldiers. However, due to patient confidentiality and the strict rules regarding the disclosure of patient information, she designed a statistical representation through pie charts to present data that could help reduce mortality among military personnel. Later, it was discovered that statistical presentation made accessing and interpreting patient information and outcomes easier [ 5 ]. This study is crucial as it provides the historical context regarding the integration of data visualization in healthcare sectors and its importance in monitoring and evaluating healthcare indices.

Types of Data Visualization Techniques

According to the study by Narayan et al. in 2021, accumulating a large volume of healthcare data makes the big data concept very common in the healthcare sectors, considering the aspects of volume, velocity, variety, and veracity of the data [ 6 ]. Visualization techniques make big data less complex and easy to interpret, even for non-healthcare providers. The healthcare sectors need to have tools to develop visualization. Many tools use data visualization techniques, such as pivot tables and charts. Furthermore, different visualization tools are available for those with technical and non-technical backgrounds. For example, Microsoft Excel provides a great visualization tool for healthcare providers with little or no knowledge of technical aspects.

Another example is statistical software such as IBM SPSS and JASP. Statistical software provides interactive visualization systems that can be used by expert providers. These visualization tools can be used in public disease surveillance [ 6 ]. For efficient and prompt healthcare data visualization, it is essential to consider publicizing the information to the stakeholders via various platforms. In public community healthcare, sharing data and integrating visual information into one universal platform is beneficial and necessary. Several types of platforms are available for this purpose, including cloud-based platforms. Moreover, cloud-based platforms such as ParaView and Gephi enable the provider to generate and host the graphics. Furthermore, these platforms could facilitate scientific reproducibility by matching the scientific figures to their underlying data and promoting discussion among collaborators [ 6 ].

Process of Healthcare Data Visualization

Most of the time, data analysis in healthcare sectors incorporates control checks to maintain visualized data accuracy. Electronic health systems are rich in raw data that can be subject to analysis. Analytics data are fed into a learning machine, artificial intelligence tools, and other analysis tools [ 7 ]. These tools provide a visual presentation of healthcare data regarding different aspects, including disease prevalence, patient age that is associated with the most prevalence, and other factors related to the disease. After the analysis, the visual data can be contrasted with other data collected before, and the same analysis and visualization techniques can be applied to them. Also, this effort to contrast the data enables healthcare providers to easily identify the trends and the changes in different aspects that have occurred over a certain period [ 8 ].

Implementation of Data Visualization in Healthcare

The main objective of data visualization in healthcare sectors is to simplify complex data to make them user-friendly so that healthcare providers can easily interpret them.

Interactive Dashboard

According to Pestana et al., dashboards and data analysis tools are usually built into the healthcare systems' existing software [ 9 ]. Usually, the dashboards help with combining several interactive reports. The dashboard is usually classified into three main types: the active type, which usually shows real-time data in healthcare organizations; the strategic type, which displays trends over time; and the analytical type, which presents advanced analytics. An example of data visualization through a dashboard in the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia is illustrated in Figure ​ Figure1. 1 . The image shows the dashboard used for analyzing COVID-19 prevalence in Saudi Arabia

COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019

Advantages of Visualization Techniques in Healthcare Implementing and adopting different visualization techniques in healthcare sectors is vital in enhancing the overall healthcare provision by healthcare providers. Several healthcare facilities have implemented various data analysis tools in healthcare sectors, including machine learning and artificial intelligence. There are several benefits to implementing and adopting such techniques in healthcare facilities, and some of these are as follows: I. Improving overall patient care: utilizing health data visualization has positively affected the general provisioning of healthcare. Health data visualization has a significant role in supporting healthcare providers in their clinical decision-making and facilitating their ability to predict the threat and react immediately. Moreover, these threats were discovered by identifying various measures that permit the situation to be analyzed critically within a healthcare organization. Visualizing patient health data in real-time is crucial for improving the quality of care. It enables the healthcare provider to make the necessary clinical decisions based on the patient's situation [ 10 ]. For example, data visualization techniques help in monitoring various healthcare parameters, such as oxygen saturation [ 11 ]. Furthermore, patients' oxygen saturation levels and treatment can be analyzed in real-time to evaluate their responses to the treatment provided. For instance, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many patients developed lung disease due to severe pneumonia infection. Moreover, those patients were suffering from breathing difficulties and a decrease in their oxygen saturation level. Using data visualization techniques that involved displaying data on the monitoring machines was vital in assessing patients' responses to the oxygen level provided through the ventilator machine [ 12 ]. In various inpatient units, real-time data visualization has been used to monitor other patient parameters such as pulse, heart rate, and blood pressure [ 13 ]. Again, these real-time data visualizations significantly helped the providers to detect abnormal parameters and facilitate the intervention needed to improve patient outcomes and overall healthcare quality in the healthcare facility. II. Disease trend and pattern recognition: identifying trends and patterns is another significant advantage of utilizing visualization techniques in healthcare sectors. Determining the trends in healthcare is vital for making decisions regarding healthcare provision. Moreover, one of the critical trends in healthcare sectors is identifying and assessing disease patterns among specific populations. The trend of the disease patterns is an important attribute that should be monitored closely as it provides the necessary indications to investigate the factors causing an elevation in the trend. Data analysis and visual presentation on obesity is a good example of trend and pattern recognition; it acts as an indicator for public and community health. Identifying the factors behind the trends can help raise awareness about modifying the lifestyles of the patients as well as the general public [ 14 ]. III. Data presentation for various audiences: most of the time, healthcare data are more challenging to interpret among providers working in different disciplines compared to individuals with no medical background. Moreover, the primary purpose of data presentation is to simplify complex data so that it can be easily interpreted by any audience regardless of their background. An example of simplifying the data for disease prevalence is displaying it in graphics to the audience [ 1 ]. Also, utilizing the presentation to illustrate some of the factors affecting disease prevalence makes the medical data valuable and easily accessible to any intended audience. IV. Accelerated performance: Another advantage of real-time data visualization in a healthcare organization is accelerating the performance of the healthcare provided through several measures, such as ensuring prompt clinical decision-making in critical situations, which will positively impact patient prognosis and health status. Furthermore, accelerated performance can reduce the inadequacies of the provided care. Hence, accelerated performance can guarantee the overall better performance of healthcare organizations by building a good reputation for efficiency and better patient outcomes [ 2 ]. V. Errors and fraud detection: the most prominent benefit of implementing various data analytics and visualization techniques in healthcare sectors is that it enables the detection of frauds and errors that occur within healthcare organizations, such as errors and frauds in medical billing. According to the report published by Medicare and Medicaid, most of the fraud cases that occur within healthcare facilities are committed by the healthcare providers who work in the healthcare facility. Moreover, fraud cases usually cost healthcare facilities losses amounting to 58.5 to 89.3 billion dollars [ 14 ]. The most prevalent forms of billing fraud in healthcare facilities are duplicate billing, phantom billing, false prescription, and other types of insurance fraud by healthcare providers. Furthermore, clear and proper correlation among the stakeholders, including patients, healthcare payers, and providers regarding claims can enhance the integrity of the billing process and decrease fraudulent schemes [ 15 ]. Implementing data visualization techniques has significantly improved transparency in the healthcare sector.

Benefits of the review

Several advantages can be drawn from this literature review. It can be a source of information for researchers and students seeking knowledge on the same or similarly relevant topics. Moreover, the literature content has been designed in such a way that the audience can easily grasp and comprehend the information. In addition, the review can serve as a platform for identifying the loopholes in the application of visualization techniques in healthcare sectors based on recently published scientific research [ 16 ]. Also, it is essential to highlight that the review discussed several strategies that could help the medical professional improve the care delivered to the patient based on the best practices and applications of visualization techniques. It should be noted that some of the studies selected for this literature review are not directly about visualization techniques in the healthcare sector. We have made an effort to expand the scope of the review and explore the broader implications of the impact of visualization techniques.

Future directions

This review was based on recently published articles. It has certain drawbacks and loopholes that can be addressed by future research to enhance patient outcomes and quality management in healthcare sectors. There are some areas that need further investigation, including the use of interactive visualization techniques and their impact on healthcare sectors. In addition, only some of the studies included dealt with interactive visualization techniques, and studies have yet to analyze the importance of these techniques to healthcare facilities. Another area that needs further investigation is the role of patient-oriented visualization tools and their ability to support patients' health and outcomes [ 17 ]. Further studies need to be conducted by focusing on these topics, which would enhance and improve the knowledge base in terms of utilizing visualization techniques in healthcare sectors.

Limitations of the review

This review fully relied on published articles of the research that other scholars have conducted. Hence, our findings are wholly based on secondary knowledge obtained from peer-reviewed sources. These resources might include some errors that might impact the findings of this review as well.

Conclusions

This review article highlighted the importance of data visualization techniques in healthcare from the standpoint of the following main benefits: improving the healthcare provided, prompt diagnosis of the disease, recognizing the patterns, simplifying the presentation of the healthcare data, accelerating healthcare performance, and improving error detection. The concept of visualization has been one of the significant innovations implemented and adopted in various healthcare facilities. Data visualization has several advantages and hence most healthcare facilities have embraced and implemented it in their day-to-day functioning. Moreover, the benefits of visualization techniques are clearly reflected in their effectiveness in the decision-making process, resulting in improved patient safety and quality of care. In addition, identifying the pattern and disease recognition via the presented data can provide vital knowledge in terms of treatment, diagnosis, and even adopting new policies in healthcare facilities. Also, it enhances the transparency of medical billing by reducing errors and fraud cases in healthcare facilities. Therefore, visualization techniques in healthcare sectors encompass many stakeholders, such as patients, healthcare practitioners, payers, and healthcare management. Also, we discussed the main limitations and challenges faced while conducting this literature review. Lastly, this review provides insight into the potential directions that future efforts on this topic can adopt.

The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research and reference purposes. Additionally, articles published within Cureus should not be deemed a suitable substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. Do not disregard or avoid professional medical advice due to content published within Cureus.

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

What Makes an Effective Healthcare Presentation?

March 21, 2018 / Blog animation, Graphic Design, healthcare powerpoint, Powerpoint tips

Sharing your work and achievements through a presentation is an essential part of gaining the favor of your colleagues in the medical and scientific communities. The ability to do it flawlessly is not an easy feat but doing so effectively greatly contributes to your success.

Engaging your audience and conveying your enthusiasm for the topic at hand, however, may be difficult, especially if you are not presenting it to the medical and scientific communities. This is where many presentations fall flat. Some of the pitfalls include overly complicated content—this is where professional PowerPoint presentations come in.

So, how can you engage your audience and maximize detail retention at the same time?

Illustrate Your Ideas

In the scientific community, proof is vital and for it to be taken seriously, it has to be backed up with enough credible sources. Your presentation doesn’t have to drown in citations, but only use enough backing data to make your point powerful.

Simply telling your audience or providing a wall of text isn’t going to help health information stick. So instead of giving a presentation with text-filled slides, create a custom PowerPoint by using diagrams, graphs, and other types of graphics. These will guide your audience while you explain complex ideas.

You may also use stock photography. These images have improved—no longer appearing staged, but rather more realistic.

Visuals play a huge role as these are handled by a different process in working memory as compared to auditory information—the visuospatial sketchpad.

Use Animation

Animation adds a new level of engagement, as it works as a great storytelling tool. It gives your presentation a bigger impact because it allows you to pace the flow of information, keep your audience engaged, and sync what you’re saying with what they’re seeing.

It can do wonders for your presentation when used properly—conveys your message more powerfully. Using too much, however, may end up distracting your audience . In which case, you’ll be doing the opposite of what you intend to do. Remember: less is more—so don’t overcomplicate your slides and just animate what needs to be emphasized.

Familiarize Yourself with PowerPoint Formatting Tools

You can come up with the best PowerPoint designs by familiarizing yourself with the formatting tools included in the software. When you can manipulate these properly, you can create virtually anything from scratch. It gives you the power to communicate the way you want to, ensuring the audience remembers key information.

In essence, these are various ways to emphasize certain parts of your medical presentation. Not only will these methods make your deck more interesting, but it will help organize your thoughts as well. With these, you can point your audience toward relevant details instead of just showing a wall of text or the whole figure, distracting them from your current point.

Try applying these to your future presentations and see how much of the information was remembered by the audience.

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