poverty and education in the philippines essay

How poverty affects education in the Philippines

Education is a basic factor in economic development and how poverty affects the education in the philippines. At the microeconomic level, education has an important role in social mobility, equity, public health, better opportunities for employment, etc. In the case of the Philippines, Filipinos have a high rate of illiteracy. 

According to figures from the Department of Education and the National Statistical Coordination Board in the Philippines, 1 in 6 Filipino kids will not attend school, and only 7 out of 10 kids will complete elementary school.

Only 4 out of 7

Of those seven children, only four will complete high school education, and of those 4, just one will proceed onto the university. Which is the main reason for poverty?

As of 2018, a quarter of the 105 million Philippine population lived in poverty, that is, over 26 million people. Through various anti-poverty programs, such as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform, and the Social Reform Agenda, the Philippines has been through a long battle to improve those statistics.

Despite these governmental efforts, the race on how poverty affects education in the Philippines and reduce illiteracy in the Philippines has been a slow process. 

The poor in the Philippines are most likely self-employed farmers, fishermen, or other agricultural workers who, instead of sending their children to school for proper education, prefer to see them at the farm .

As of 2015, about 58% of poor households had more than six members. This fact has proven to be a major contributing factor to the lack of education in the Philippines.

How poverty affects the education in the philippines

For most of these poor households, only about 60% of the family members have education up to elementary school. As a result of this, over 18.4 million Philippines are living in extreme poverty , surviving on an average budget of $1.25 per day. 

An average Filipino family consists of six children, of which two of the children are likely to be stunted due to malnutrition. According to medical experts, children who remain malnourished in the first 1000 days of their lives do not fully develop the neural connections in their brains.

This can be a major stumbling block, as it inhibits their ability to reach their full potential, thereby damaging their chances of proper education. 

Damages caused by poverty due to lack of education in the Philippines

Increased child prostitution is how poverty affects education in the philippines.

Due to inadequate care and proper education, many Filipino children take to the streets to fend for themselves and their families. They are searching for a means of survival. These children see prostitution and other forms of harmful activities as an easy route out of their current predicament.

Foreign tourists and locals alike use these children as child prostitutes to either satisfy their needs or that of their clients.

Increase Child Trafficking

Another concern about how poverty affects education in the Philippines is child trafficking in the Philippines . This is a major concern for the government to protect the children. Traffickers are constantly on the lookout for young children of very tender age to service clients. Various security agencies have raided brothels and found young children as young as 13 years old servicing about 15 individuals every night.

Increased drug Abuse

Children from low-income families often spend most of their time on the streets or the farm. Instead of getting proper classroom education, they engage with harmful activities on the streets.

A recent study by experts shows that up to 40% of street children had used drugs in the past. Other reports suggest that 66- 85% of children had used inhalants, and 3% had used marijuana.

Increased Child Labor, is How poverty affects education in the Philippines.

Most Philippine parents that are unable to meet up with the financial needs of their children often send them out to work on the streets or factories. Instead of striving for better education to help shape their future, these children are forced to start earning money for their food and shelter at an earlier age.

According to the National Statistics Office, 3.6 million Filipino children, aged 5-17, are child laborers, and this figure alone comprises roughly 15.9% of the total Philippine population.

Causes of Poverty

Lack of infrastructure.

This is one of the biggest problems that both prevents the economy from growing and makes poverty in the Philippines even worse. There’s been a dire lack of investment in infrastructure for both new and existing projects.

Corruption is how poverty affects education in the Philippines

Corruption is one of the major contributing factors to poverty in the Philippines. Most times, shady deals are made between government officials and private organizations to rob the nation of some form of resources.

This lack of transparency in government scares away foreign investors and contributes to their reluctance to invest in the Philippines. 

Income inequality

A report in 2014 by Forbes reported that the wealthiest families in the Philippines were worth around US$72.4 billion. When compared to the rest of the population, that is a vast disparity.

A 2009 report further showed that the poorest 20% of the population had only 4.45% of the national income. 

Income inequality in the Philippines is the highest when compared to other neighboring nations. 

Possible Solutions

Investing in affordable, high-quality child care and education.

The lack of affordable, high-quality child care is a significant barrier to helping children attain adequate brain development that will foster further learning. On average, federal child care assistance reaches only one in six eligible children.

Boosting investments in programs like Save the Children and The read first Program would help to provide high-quality child care for infants and toddlers, thereby improving the chances of proper learning capacity.

It is also well known that the earlier a child receives an education, the more developed they are in necessary skills like reading and writing.

Providing Free, adequate Educational Materials

Basa Pilipinas is another reading program in the Philippines funded by USAID. The program focuses on providing sufficient learning materials, books, and facilities as well as instructing teachers on more effective ways to educate their students. As of 2013, the project had trained about 19,000 teachers and distributed nearly 8.1 million reading materials, helping to teach 1.6 million new readers, according to USAID.

Reduced cost of living or Increased Employment

Perhaps one of the worst problems that prevent children from going to school in the Philippines is the cost. Many low-income families cannot afford to pay for their children’s education and usually have the child work as a hand in the field, family business, or around the house.

Cash grants, funded by the Asian Development Bank, is a program that gives money to poor Filipino families who cannot afford to send their children to school.

Our program Nest Step Philippines also allows teens to gain an education and become a successful member of the local community.

Bottom Line

Despite the deadly effect of poverty on education in the Philippines, these programs, along with others created, are striving to create a sustainable education system for children. By improving education in the Philippines, Nest Step Philippines and other programs are contributing toward eliminating poverty at the roots.

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KEY FINDINGS Overcoming Poverty and Inequality in the Philippines: Past, Present, and Prospects for the Future

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• The Philippines has made significant progress in reducing poverty, but income inequality has only recently begun to fall. Thanks to high growth rates and structural transformation, between 1985 and 2018 poverty fell by two-thirds. However, income inequality did not begin to decline until 2012. It is still high: the top 1 percent of earners together capture 17 percent of national income, with only 14 percent being shared by the bottom 50 percent.
• Several structural factors contribute to the persistence of inequality. The expansion of secondary education and mobility to better-paying jobs, citizen ownership of more assets and access to basic services, and government social assistance have helped reduce inequality since the mid-2000s. However, unequal opportunities, lack of access to tertiary education and a scarcity of skills, coupled with inequality in returns to college education, gendered social norms and childcare, and spatial gaps, sustain inequality.
• Inequality of opportunity limits the potential for upward mobility. While there has been considerable progress in expanding access to basic services such as electricity, safe drinking water, and school enrollment, large disparities limit the development of human capital. Inequality of opportunity and low intergenerational mobility waste human potential, resulting in a lack of innovation and a misallocation of human capital in the economy.
• While schooling is widely accessible, its quality and attainment vary by income group. Children from poorer households are less likely to be enrolled and, if they are, to reach age-appropriate grade levels. That means they are less likely to reach tertiary education, which severely constrains their earning potential and their prospects for upward mobility. With the relatively low share of workers with tertiary education, the premium for college education has remained high. Additionally, tertiary education tends to deliver much higher returns for rich than poor households, possibly due to differences in school quality or f ields of study and employment.
• COVID-19 partly reversed decades-long gains in reducing poverty and inequality. The pandemic halted economic growth momentum in 2020, and unemployment shot up in industries that require inperson work. In 2021, poverty rose to 18.1 percent despite large government assistance. The economy has begun to rebound but signs are emerging that the recovery will be uneven. Prolonged loss of income has taken a heavy toll on the poorest households. With food prices going up and a reliance on adverse coping strategies, among them eating less, there is a risk of serious consequences for the health and nutrition of children in vulnerable households.
• The shock from the COVID-19 pandemic led to a shift in the workforce to less productive sectors and occupations. Employment in wage work has notably decreased and employment in agriculture has risen. These trends have been concentrated among youth and the least educated, which suggests an uneven recovery and widening income inequality.
• The pandemic is likely to result in long-term scarring of human capital development. Over half of households estimate that their children learned from remote learning less than half what they would have learned from face-to-face schooling. The proportion increases to 68 percent in poor households. Extended distance learning is expected to have reduced the learning-adjusted years of schooling by over a full year. Learning loss, combined with the de-skilling associated with prolonged unemployment, could lead to sizable future earnings losses.
• Job polarization could further increase as the nature of work changes. Job polarization among wage workers emerged between 2016 and 2021: employment in middle-skilled occupations went down and employment in both low-skilled and high-skilled occupations went up. This pattern may rise with the transformation of jobs post-COVID-19 and could increase prevailing disparities in incomes.
• Policy can reduce inequality by supporting employment and workers, improving education access and quality, promoting inclusive rural development, strengthening social protection mechanisms, and addressing inequality of opportunity.

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Poverty: a major challenge in philippine education, jhoana p. talao.

In the Philippines, poverty has long been a widespread and unsolvable problem, and one of the most important casualties of this societal ill is still education. 16.7 million Filipinos, many of whom struggle on a daily basis to make ends meet, are estimated to be living below the poverty line, according to data from the Philippine Statistics Authority. As a result, many families find that education is an unattainable luxury, particularly those who reside in the poorest areas. Due to their inability to pay for their children's education, they are forced to work, which feeds the cycle of poverty for many generations. The Philippine government has started a number of programs in recent years to address the issue of poverty and how it affects education. The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is one such initiative that helps low-income families satisfy their basic requirements, particularly those related to education, such as uniforms, school supplies, and transportation. It does this by giving cash transfers. In low-income neighborhoods across the nation, the initiative has been successful in raising school enrollment and lowering dropout rates. Numerous studies have examined the 4Ps program, and they have demonstrated that it is beneficial in enhancing underprivileged families' access to education. One research conducted by Montilla et al. (2019) discovered that the program significantly increased the number of children enrolled in school, indicating a good influence on school engagement. The initiative has contributed to a decrease in dropout rates, especially for females, according to the report. Even with the 4Ps program's effectiveness, some experts contend that cash transfers are insufficient to address the underlying causes of poverty. They stress the need for more all-encompassing approaches to reducing poverty, such expanding employment prospects and enhancing social services. An Ibon Foundation research from 2019 states that reducing poverty in the Philippines calls for a multifaceted strategy that involves funding for social services, healthcare, and education in addition to laws that encourage the development of jobs and increases in income. When the aforementioned facts are considered, it is evident that poverty continues to be a significant barrier to education in the Philippines, where millions of families find it difficult to pay for even the most basic needs, let alone the price of an education. Even if cash transfer initiatives like the 4Ps have been successful in raising enrolment in schools and lowering dropout rates, they fall short of addressing the underlying reasons of poverty. A more all-encompassing strategy that supports education and skill development, enhances social services, and increases work possibilities is required to reduce poverty in a sustainable manner. Through tackling poverty from several angles, the nation can guarantee that every one of its residents has an equal right to education.

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Poverty and inequality in the Philippines

The new World Bank (WB) report “Overcoming Poverty and Inequality in the Philippines: Past, Present, and Prospects for the Future” is a welcome reminder of what is needed for the country, and the government’s urgent agenda on the dual malaise of poverty and inequality. This had been a persistent challenge to the country, not only historically but also comparatively in the context of the Asean, especially its original neighbors in the region.

The WB paper is well-organized, starting with trends in the past 30 years, the present structural causes, future prospects, and policy recommendations. First, poverty rate declined from 49.2 percent in 1985 to 18.1 percent in 2021. Inequality (Gini index) at 42.4 percent in 1985, after climbing to 49.2 percent, trended back down to 42.3 percent in 2018. The shift of workers, including the poorer ones, to more productive sectors with wage income, besides expanded subsidy, largely accounted for the reduction in poverty. As well, better access to services and assets helped the downtrend in inequality to its previous level.

Nonetheless, the Philippines ranks as the 15th most unequal of 63 countries. More than half of laborers with only elementary schooling or less are in agriculture. Household heads who are college graduates have average per capita income fourfold higher than for household heads with no more than elementary education.

Inequality begins early in life and typically is sustained over the life cycle, starting with antenatal care and postnatal care which are disproportionately accessible to poorer families and mothers with lower education. Which leads to markedly higher rates of stunting, underweight, and wasting among poor families. Then children of poor households are greatly disadvantaged as regards schooling that links to future work and income opportunities. All this leads to intergenerational transmission of poverty.

Unequal distribution of hospitals, health centers, and educational institutions across subnational regions/provinces further worsens poverty and inequality. One bright note is that the Philippines is first in gender equality in Asia and 19th in the world. However, while women have generally higher education attainment than men, their labor force participation rate has been lower.

While the WB paper is an edifying read, it has a limited past perspective, thereby ignoring the population factor, which has made a crucial difference in the current state of the country vis-à-vis its Asean neighbors that used to trail it. The Philippines initiated population management-cum-family planning (PM-FP) program in 1970, along with other Asean countries. However, while the others sustained their programs over time without letup, the Philippines was constrained to jettison its own program in the late ’70s on orders of President Marcos Sr., who acceded for political expediency to the demands of the Catholic Church hierarchy.

In 1970, the Philippines’ population was 36.6 million and Thailand’s was 36.9 million. It had a gross national income (GNI) per capita of $220 close to Thailand’s $210, and both countries had identical poverty incidence at 13 percent.

Indonesia, with a very expansive land area (or resource base), had a much larger population of 115 million and also initiated its PM-FP program in 1970, but its GNI per capita was only $80. Malaysia, with a much smaller population of 11 million in 1970, started its program in 1966, and its GNI per capita was $370.

Fast forward to 2020, the foregoing indicators had dramatically diverged. Philippine population ballooned to nearly 110 million, while Thailand’s rose to slightly less than 70 million. GNI per capita was $3,430 in 2020 ($3,850 in 2019) for the Philippines, and $7,050 ($7,407 in 2019) for Thailand. On the other hand, poverty rate was estimated at 18.1 percent in 2021 (16.7 percent in 2018) for the former, and 8.8 percent in 2020 (6.2 percent in 2019) for the latter.

Indonesia’s population increased to 274 million in 2020. Its GNI per capita rose sharply to $3,870 in 2020 ($4,050 in 2019). Its poverty rate at 13 percent in 1970 was brought down to 9.8 percent by 2020. Malaysia’s population was up to 33 million in 2020, and its GNI per capita escalated exponentially to $10,580 ($11,230 in 2019), which enabled Malaysia to drastically cut its poverty rate to 8.4 percent in 2020 from a high of 49.7 percent in 1970.

The foregoing indicators show that the Philippines had the fastest growing population (threefold in 50 years) and also the largest relative to land area in all of Asean. As regards economic indicators, it has considerably lagged behind its original Asean neighbors, being the last to achieve demographic transition, thereby falling to bottom of the pile from the top in the ’60s to mid-’80s. One wonders, therefore, why the WB paper has eschewed the population factor in their analysis of poverty and inequality. It can be recalled that in the mid-1960s through to the mid-1990s, the World Bank had a major population program touted as a success in many developing countries, save the Philippines, unfortunately. So, is the program now regarded as an “elephant in the room” sleeping and not to be disturbed?

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Ernesto M. Pernia is professor emeritus of economics, University of the Philippines Diliman, and former secretary of socioeconomic planning, National Economic and Development Authority.

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Home Essay Samples World Philippines

The Causes and Effects of Poverty in Philippines

Table of contents, some major causes of poverty in the philippines, lack of education, effects of poverty in the philippines, the lack of education in the philippines quality of education, malnutrition, poor economic growth, child labor, bad living conditions, crime/ theft.

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Poverty, Government and Unequal Distribution of Wealth in Philippines Essay

Poverty data gathering tools, etiologies of poverty, programs to alleviate poverty.

Filipinos are in grave situations of poverty as of now. According to UNDP statistic last 2004; the numerical rate 36.8% is the poverty level of the entire Filipino population. Crude estimation of this count into raw rate is 70 million Filipinos are below poverty line. However, statistics do not reveal the complex nature of poverty; indeed, it is a mistake to assume that poverty can be measured in monetary definitions (Eadie 35).

The Philippines provides a concrete example of GDP growth that did not reduce poverty, although the economy recorded growth of more than 4% in 3 of the past 4 years. The 2003 FIES illustrates average family incomes to have increased by only 2.5% over the 2000 level, while the CPI shows an inflation rate of 13.9%. Judging all these data obtained, it is therefore almost certain that the poverty level has increased during this period. It most likely has increased by a greater level than from 1997–2000, when average family incomes has grown by 18%, inflation has been 22%, and the poverty incidence of the population has increased by 1% (Poverty in the Philippines 2). The author of the book Poverty And The Critical Security Agenda , Eadie (33), added:

Quantitative analyses of poverty have become more sophisticated over the years to be sure, yet remain problematic and in certain ways rooted in assumptions of rational choice behavior. For instance, poverty can be measured through simple income and expenditures or poverty line however; this does not account the expenditures on those goods and services that are variables for well-being such as food and education. Negative expenditures, such as alcohol or cigarettes, also play part in the considerations.

With this, various instrumentations are being utilized to assess the conditions of poverty. Subjective claims remain to be weak basis if it is not validated. Subjective inferences are those data obtained from the subjects but have no specific proofs or reference in any study done by trained individuals. Objectivity is a must in statistical gathering however, if this is not provided proper validation, still the data remains to be weak basis (Maglaya 176).

Poverty measurement practices for determining the numerical data partly reflect what we know – or think we know – about inequality and poverty profiles in the Philippines. According to Edmonds in his book, Reducing Poverty in Asia: Emerging Issues in Growth, Targeting, and Measurement , the phase of assessment usually involves the set poverty lines and welfare indicators. This is where statistics label an individual poor. Such considerations are dealt first before producing such claims (Eadie 198).

In terms of welfare indicators, determining the magnitude of poverty and inequality the government uses current household incomes and expenditures via national surveys. Using standard arguments in microeconomic theory, it can be concluded that since welfare level are being determined by “life-cycle” or permanent income, and since current consumption is a good approximation of this income, current consumption can be better justified as a measure of current welfare. This, however, does not suggest that income does not vary over time. It does, and sometimes these changes are largely comparable to the former (p.198-199).

Talking about setting poverty lines, this does not depend on subgroup’s conditions or to which standard of living do they belong. Poverty lines constructed for various subgroups must be fixed in terms of given standard of living. These set are said to be consistent and imply the same command over basic necessities of consumptions. It is well known that as household income rises, the consumption of cheap and low quality goods decrease and the families focus more on the quality products that they can still afford. These are some of the scenarios that indicating the dynamic characteristic that affects poverty lines (Eadie 200).

Another sophisticated data-gathering tool in quantitative diagnosis of poverty conditions is by the use of Human Development Index (HDI) that has been introduced by ul Haq in the 1990s. This involves the consideration of life expectancy, literacy rate and GDP per capita. The HDI is now being used by the United Nations Development Programme or UNDP, to rank countries in terms of their economic development status. According to the 2004 Human Development UNDP repot, the Philippines has been ranked 83 rd and considered to be a medium development country. The advantage of this tool is the test of comparison between different countries annually. However, the negative aspect that coincide in this method it its limitation towards other factors such as domestic variations that exists between different regions, rural and urban areas that exist in the household. This primarily occurs because of the generalized perspective of this intervention (Eadie.39-40).

Filipinos are usually known for their extravagant fiestas and their various tourist attractions. The proud natural resources have lured “balikbayans” or Filipinos from abroad and tourists. Adding into that are the OFW or Overseas Filipino Workers that produce additional income for the country through remittances. Aside from the macro-economical income source of Philippine government, such conditions give off pseudo-economic boost for the country’s economy. DFA or Department of Foreign Affairs has estimated that there are 5,488,167 Filipinos working overseas that are scattered to over 193 countries during 2002 (Arya 72). The question left for the public is where does this sum of money go considering that the incomes both internal and external are present? Such question triggers the public minds that usually cause demonstrations and governmental blame.

Another factor to be considered is the Philippine international debts that primarily occurred during the time of Marcos and has progressed in the current regime. Sad to mention but as of today, Filipinos are part of the 100 most heavily indebted poor and middle-income countries that must service over 2.3 trillion American dollars in combined debt-stock yearly (Debt for Equity Eadie). According to an online data, Poverty in the Philippines , economic growth has become insufficient in order to support the population growth of the country: GNP per capita has lingered at around $1,000 for the past 20 years and has not even increased. Disasters that have occurred are one of the main reasons that tarnished the economy of the Philippines. Importantly, the crisis came at the same time as the devastating El Niño drought during mid-1990s. This evidently caused domino effect in the economy of the Philippines in which decline has been the particular evident strata. Here is the list of the chronic macroeconomic problems in the Philippines that have long been occurring:

• Gradually diminishing revenue collection inducing fiscal deficit and heavy public sector debt
• Low investment environment that results in particularly low foreign direct investment
• Inactive loans in the banking firms
• Chronic loss of international competitiveness
• Corrupt structural governance and inefficient economic management

In the article found in the official website of the Philippine government (27) entitled, Poverty alleviation tops PGMA’s main goals in the next 3 years, proclaims the president’s own statement regarding her programs and future programs for the alleviation of poverty.

She said increased government earnings or revenues either through raising the effective collection of taxes or sale of government assets is necessary component of poverty alleviation. With the raised revenues, she said the next important thing to do in the next three years is to invest more in human resources and physical infrastructures to create jobs and upgrade the country’s competitiveness. She said social services, like making cheap medicines available, improved healthcare and anti-hunger campaign, which are already being addressed by her administration, are also important components of the poverty reduction program of her administration.

The president’s statement has been questionable to most of the public and the tarnished trust of the people’s body has greatly affected the initiations of this plan. People’s cooperation has become difficult to initiate due to the governmental corruptions that have occurred. The effectiveness of such programs being implemented by the Philippine government has seen to be effective however, only for a short time (Glatzer 124). Most of the programs regarding poverty alleviation are still ongoing as per current administration. Target outcomes of these projects are 2010. However, according to some critics, the results so far of these projects are not yet being that evident (Debt for Equity…27).

The poverty status of the Philippines has not yet been alleviated. The condition of poverty still affects more almost half of the Filipino population. The inequalities of resources partitions are not specific hence; the divisions of such are also affected. The question about the condition of poverty and inequalities in the Philippines is now answerable by the summary of the crude poverty rate 40% and 70 million poor families living in this country. These poverty claims are being validated by the use of Human Development Index (HDI) that are also being utilized by the (UNDP) United Nation development Programme in order to obtain their data. Various notes are important upon the obtaining of these data such as welfare indicators and setting of poverty lines. The probable etiologies of this poverty in terms of macro-economical scope, as addressed in the body of study, are the following gradually diminishing revenue collection inducing fiscal deficit and heavy public sector debt, low investment environment that results in particularly low foreign direct investment, inactive loans in the banking firms, chronic loss of international competitiveness and the corrupt structural governance and inefficient economic management. There are programs being initiated to combat poverty situations however, as according to the study the results seem to be not evident especially for the public’s perspective. Poverty still lingers and unequal distribution of resources are still present in the Philippine society.

Arya, Sally. Living Home: Filipino Women Surviving Migration. In M. C. Pagaduan (Ed.), Poverty, Gender and Migration (pp. 72). Sage Publications Inc, 2006.

Arya, Sally. Poverty, Gender and Migration . Sage Publications Inc, 2006.

Barcelon, Ed. Fight Philippine poverty.(Voice from the South). Manila Bulletin . 2007. Web.

Debt for Equity in MDG Projects; A Philippine Proposal for Converting 50 percent of the Debt Owed by the 100 highly indebted countries to equity investments in the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations.(Opinion & Editorial) [Letter to The Editor]. Manila Bulletin .2011. Web.

Eadie, Peter. Poverty And The Critical Security Agenda . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2005.

Edmonds, Cedric. M. Reducing Poverty in Asia: Emerging Issues in Growth, Targeting, and Measurement . Edward Elgar Publishing, 2003.

Glatzer, Walter. Rich and Poor: Disparities, Perceptions, Concomitants . Springer, 2002.

Maglaya, Allan. S. Nursing Practice in the Community . Marikina City: Argonauta Corporation, 2005.

Orbeta Jose., H. C. Family, Vulnerability and Family Size: Evidence from the Philippines. In H. Khan (Ed.), Poverty Strategies in Asia: A Growth Plus Approach (pp. 72). Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006.

Poverty-in-the-Philippines: Causes of Poverty in the Philippines . 2011. Web.

Poverty Strategies in Asia: A Growth Plus Approach . 2010. Web.

Son, John.Philippines: For Growth to Continue, Poverty Rate Must Come Down. Inter Press Service English News Wire , 1997, pp. F3.

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Poverty in the Philippines Essay – 1040 words – Essay On Poverty in the Philippines

Poverty is perhaps the most major burning issue in Philippines. The present scenario of poverty isn’t comfortable here. Corresponding to its temperament, destitution in the Philippines emerged from the fast populace development in the country. Poverty is the burning issue in philippines.

The impacts of it are truly noticeable in nature. Neediness makes numerous Filipinos not seek after their schooling. Others appear to be satisfied with their lives as poor. Numerous guardians can’t bear to send their kids to class in light of the fact that, of the monetary issue. The greater part who are influenced by this issue is the individuals who are living in the mountain regions. Some of them live miles from schools.

This is on the grounds that it is simpler for them to take than to go through finding or discovering a line of work. Destitution and wrongdoing have an exceptionally “private” relationship that has been portrayed by specialists from all fields, from sociologists to business analysts. The UN and the World Bank both divisions have a position high off the wrongdoings on the rundown of obstructions to a nation’s turn of events.

This implies that legislatures attempting to manage destitution regularly likewise need to confront the issue of wrongdoing as they attempt to foster their nation’s economy and society overall, the additional time you spend at school the less vicious you will turn into. Schools don’t simply show you history or math, they show you how to live in the public arena. In any case, the genuine issue is kids in poor metropolitan regions in any event, going to class by any stretch of the imagination? Are they acquiring any friendly abilities while being methodically segregated?

Individuals living alongside contaminated spots are influenced by their ill-advised cleanliness and metropolitan tenants are considerably more influenced by their lacking admission of quality food sources. The absence of admittance to exceptionally nutritious food varieties, particularly in the current setting of rising food costs, is a typical reason for ailing health. Helpless taking care of practices, for example, deficient breastfeeding, offering some unacceptable food varieties, and not guaranteeing that the youngster gets sufficient nutritious food, add to ailing health. This is the motivation behind why numerous youngsters kicked the bucket, it is a regional youngster every year.

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Essay On Poverty In The Philippines

Contrasted and kids whose families had salaries of essentially double the neediness line during their youth, helpless kids finished two less long stretches of tutoring, acquired not exactly half so much, worked 451 fewer hours out of each year, gotten $826 each year more in food stamps as grown-ups, and are almost multiple times as prone to report helpless by and large wellbeing. Helpless guys are more than twice as liable to be captured.

For females, destitution is related with a more than fivefold improvement in the probability of bearing a youngster without any father present before age 21″ (Duncan, 93). Without a doubt, youngsters experiencing childhood in neediness come from single-parent families. The impacts of destitution take an instrument since no one needs to be poor so individuals take the necessary steps to take care of their families whether it be selling drugs or burglarizing individuals will take the necessary steps to remain alive. The Causes and Effects of Poverty

Currently, destitution is perhaps the most shocking issue on the planet. There is a colossal number of individuals that bite the dust each year because of the absence of good guidelines for living like schooling, occupations, food, and medical services. Numerous nations all throughout the planet have an assortment of individuals who need assistance to live in troublesome conditions. Be that as it may, very few individuals from created nations help these sorts of individuals who are out of luck. Destitution has an assortment of causes, and it additionally has many adverse consequences.

Poverty in the Philippines Essay

A few factors that brought about the drop in neediness are the extension of occupations outside the farming area, government moves and getting qualified Filipinos to help through the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. This specific program which is an administration cash-present venture has diminished neediness by 25%.

 A large portion of the Philippines is hit with huge tropical storms and still have a furnished clash. These situations are a genuine battle to the regular specialist who, even following a monotonous day, actually returns home poor. Because of these elements, numerous residents wind up leaving behind ranch work and go get work in assembling centres in the metropolitan spaces of the country. These positions outside the horticultural vault have represented 66% of the advancement in lessening neediness in the Philippines.

One of the critical procedures to help cut down neediness in the Philippines is giving conception prevention to poor people. In an extreme move for the intensely populated Catholic country, the President made promptly accessible anti-conception medication to almost 6 million ladies who can’t bear the cost of it.

Giving contraception is a useful asset for families who currently have full command over family arranging. The expectation is by giving the ladies and nuclear families more control, they will have fewer youngsters. This, thus, will imply that families can give all the more mindfully. This new approach will help the public authority arrive at its objective of lessening destitution by 13% by 2022.

The current Filipino populace is at 104 million and keeps on increasing at a disturbing pace of 1.7 % every year. This new law will empower families to control the number of kids they need. It will likewise ideally bring down the populace rate to 1.4 per cent every year once the government completely execute the law.

Despite the fact that the Philippines have buckled down in the past to lessen their neediness and stay aware of their neighbours China, Vietnam and Indonesia, they actually have far to go. Marak K. Warwick of The World Bank accepts that with a strong establishment there is motivation to be hopeful that the Philippines can accomplish their objective.

The objective for the Philippine government is to make more positions, further develop efficiency, put resources into wellbeing and sustenance while zeroing in on diminishing neediness. On the off chance that the public authority can execute its arrangements effectively, it is fit for decreasing destitution in the Philippines by 13 to 15 per cent by 2022.

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Mango. Gun. Handcuffs. Could a Story Get Any More Floridian?

Annabelle Tometich’s “The Mango Tree” provides an unvarnished look at her mother, who shot a BB gun at the truck of a purported fruit thief.

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By Michelle Orange

Michelle Orange’s latest book is “Pure Flame: A Legacy.”

THE MANGO TREE: A Memoir of Fruit, Florida, and Felony, by Annabelle Tometich

When her 64-year-old mother was arrested in 2015 for shooting a BB gun at the truck of someone who she believed had stolen fruit from her Florida property’s mango tree, one of Annabelle Tometich’s colleagues called to check in.

Because Tometich worked at The News-Press, a daily newspaper in her hometown, Fort Myers, this colleague had more than her well-being on his mind. “You have to write something, huh?” she asked, pausing to take the call outside the courthouse where her mother, Josefina, had just appeared. But Tometich knew the answer: A story is a story, and this one had a Floridian ripeness no local reporter could deny.

A writer’s loyalties, Tometich also understood, exist in tension with a hunger for story — which is to say, her need for coherence, a means of control. Tometich’s nonfiction debut, “The Mango Tree: A Memoir of Fruit, Florida, and Felony,” bears out this tension. In reclaiming Josefina from the mug shot and clickbait headlines that followed her arrest, the author opens the door to something even more lasting, and possibly more severe: a daughter’s unflinching gaze.

For the better part of “The Mango Tree,” that gaze belongs to Tometich as a shy, recessive child, a girl whose longing for “normality” — a consuming wish to belong — is spawned by her eccentric, tumultuous family, but comes to extend well beyond it.

In large measure this wish is a product of Tometich’s biracial identity: Josefina, who left her family in the Philippines to work as a nurse in the United States, married a privileged, white American man.

Though both sought to escape their families of origin, they were bound to them in opposite ways: “Dad lived off his parents most of his life,” Tometich observes. “Mom supported hers until the days they died.”

The early chapters are haunted by the presence of Josefina’s mother-in-law, Josephine, a sickly and increasingly horrid woman who refers to Josefina as, among other slurs, “that Mongoloid.”

Using the present tense to convey her preteen and adolescent perspectives, Tometich adopts a tone of tart remove, a mix of knowing and wide-eyed intrigue. This is a narrator who notices that although her mother is strong and capable while Josephine is frail and weak, “Gramma is white” — and whiteness entails a greater proximity to power, if not the thing itself.

Keeping us close to the child’s-eye view of her formidable mother and the tragedies that befall their family — including her father’s sudden, mysterious death when Tometich was 9 — yields moments of unexpected humor and stinging truth.

She writes scene and dialogue with the metronomic precision of a seasoned broadsheet reporter, her ledes and kickers often bearing a sly, precocious slant. “Tito Gary’s funeral falls somewhere between Dad’s and Gramma’s in terms of attendance,” she begins one chapter, following her uncle’s suicide in their home. To the 10-year-old narrator, this latest death makes even less sense than the others: “Why would anyone want to leave America? We’ve got liberty and justice for all.”

Later, when Josefina takes her children on their first trip to Manila, Tometich’s initial alienation from her extended family — and their poverty — cedes to a creeping admiration for her mother, who appears poised and self-assured in her native element, able “to shame her siblings into doing her bidding with the mere tilt of her head.” Unlike her daughter, Josefina does appear to have “a place where she is normal. A home where she belongs.”

Occasionally, Tometich will slip out from behind her child’s perspective to let us know, for instance, what she believes now about the unresolved circumstances surrounding her father’s death. These moments are brief, and grow more conspicuous as the story progresses. Few scenes depict Josefina and her adult daughter together: We learn in a stroke that Tometich didn’t see her mother for the six months between the shooting, which shattered the rear window of the plaintiff’s truck, and Josefina’s sentencing hearing.

Increasingly strange in her habits and behaviors (at one point Tometich refers to her mother as “manic-depressive”), Josefina remains a staunch but elusive figure, remorseless about the felony charge for which she served five years of probation.

Tometich’s reclamation of the mother whose jailing she fantasized about as a child hinges on a dawning sense of her own internalized shame. “The justice system does not see her as a whole person, worthy of leniency and redemption,” Tometich writes, late in the book, of the harshness of Josefina’s punishment. “And up until this point, neither did I.”

The reader clamors for a sense of what has proceeded from that reckoning, a story as yet untold.

THE MANGO TREE : A Memoir of Fruit, Florida, and Felony | By Annabelle Tometich | Little, Brown | 320 pp. | $30

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4th UK-PH Climate Change & Environment Dialogue joint statement

British Embassy Manila & the Department of Environment and Natural Resources convened the 4th UK-Philippines Climate and Environment Dialogue on 25 March 2024.

Together with key government agencies, the UK and the Philippines agreed to deepen the collaboration across climate and biodiversity priorities. The conversation set the direction for the year ahead. The scaling of coordination platforms to share experience and technology, streamline priorities, and scale delivery featured strongly. In this regard, the UK will support the Energy Transition Council, Blue Carbon Action Plan, and National Plastics Action Plan in the coming year.

These will build on the successes of 2023, which saw UK support for the delivery of the Philippines National Adaptation plan and Philippines Emission Pathway Calculator.

Exploring ways to mobilise finance behind the Philippines National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and Nationally Determined Contributions Implementation Plan (NDCIP) was a core part of the conversation to ensure that UK support will help deliver implementation. The UK committed to deliver programmes and technical assistance to contribute to water security, urban resilience, ecosystems and biodiversity protection, and renewable energy and energy efficiency.

The Dialogue further highlighted a strong track record of financial innovation, with the UK-funded launch of the Animal Town application in 2024, demonstrating an innovative new way to get the public to participate in the conservation of Philippine wildlife and biodiversity.

It went on to showcase collective leadership and ambition on oceans and the blue economy. The representatives reached an agreement on a new governance framework to oversee future marine and coastal work on nature and climate under an upcoming Blue Planet Fund Country Plan.

Localisation has played a key role in the partnership to date, with over twenty community-led initiatives funded by the UK. This year will see four challenge funds open to new community project proposals across the country to strengthen local capacity across adaptation and biodiversity.

British Ambassador to the Philippines Laure Beaufils said:

I’m proud that the UK and the Philippines are such strong partners on climate and biodiversity. Over the last year we have delivered great things together – supporting people across the country to adapt to the unavoidable consequences of climate change, driving an uptick in renewable energy, investing in biodiversity through nature-based solutions including the conservation of mangroves and corals, and protecting wildlife ranging from Philippine pangolins to crocodiles. I’m absolutely delighted that, in this fourth Dialogue, we committed to do even more together.

On top of existing partnerships, we will focus on growing the Blue Economy through the Blue Planet Fund, formulating a country specific plan to support marine protected areas and other effective conservation measures, reduce marine pollution, and manage sustainable fisheries. Together, I have no doubt we will continue to make a real life difference to people across the country

DENR Secretary Maria Antonia Yulo-Loyzaga, who is also the President’s Chair Designate of the Climate Change Commission said:

The Philippines is committed to a sustainable future and this dialogue is a pivotal step in achieving that goal. We will explore avenues for mobilizing finance and investments into climate, energy, and environment interventions outlined in the Philippines NAP and NDC Implementation Plan. The Philippines’ efforts toward resilience and sustainable development have received strong financial, technical, and policy-related support from the UK government. We are fully committed to carrying out the UK-PH strategic cooperation. By working together with the UK, we can leverage priority areas of collaboration to create a comprehensive and effective approach to environment and climate action.

The dialogue concluded with both countries establishing a clear engagement approach on critical issues such as loss and damage, disaster risk financing, and the blue economy. The UK reinforced its commitment to advancing its work in these areas moving forward and delivering tangible progress in the years ahead.

Senior officials from the DENR, Climate Change Commission, Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Department of Finance, Department of Energy, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, National Economic and Development Authority,  the Public-Private Partnership Center, and UK Government representatives from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) and the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) were present during the dialogue.

Notes to Editors

About  Blue Planet Fund

• The Blue Planet Fund is the UK’s £500 million programme supporting developing countries to protect the marine environment and reduce poverty. This is jointly managed by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and the UK Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs.

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