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Sage Research Methods

Dr. Eric Jensen, Professor of Sociology at the University of Warwick, and Dr. Charles Laurie, Director of Research at Verisk Maplecroft, explain how to write a literature review and why researchers need to do so.

The steps of how to write a literature review discussed in the video include the following:

  • How Do You Conduct a Literature Review?
  • How Do You Find and Organize Sources of Information?
  • How Do You Assess These Sources of Information?
  • How Do You Write up Your Findings?
  • How Do You Identify Gaps in Literature?

example of literature review in international relations

Other sources for Writing Literature Reviews

  • Owl Purdue - Writing a Literature Review Provides a general overview of how to write a literature review.

What's a Literature Review?

  • Acquire a better understanding of the current state of knowledge in a particular discipline or field of study, providing context for a research project.
  • Identify key concepts, theories, methodologies, and other findings related to their research topic, which helps researchers in build theoretical frameworks based on established theories and concepts.
  • Identify gaps in a disciplinary area where there is a lack of research or conflicting findings, and highlight major questions that should be addressed in further literature.

Types of Literature Reviews

  • Narrative literature reviews provide a general, qualitative summary of the literature. Narrative reviews focus on only a few studies that describe a topic of interest and are not systematic. Undergraduates writing research papers for the first time are usually assigned to write this type of review.
  • Systematic reviews  follow a structured and rigorous methodology to systematically gather, analyze, and synthesize all relevant studies on a specific topic of literature. Systematic reviews use specific criteria to decide what literature to include in the review. Systematic reviews are primarily used in the medical and psychological literature.
  • Meta-analyses  combine empirical statistical analysis research and data from multiple studies. The terms meta-analysis and systematic review are often used interchangeably.
  • Scoping reviews map the literature in a broad sense to identify key themes and gaps. Unlike systematic reviews, which have a narrow focus, scoping reviews are broader in scope and explore a diversity of the available literature in a given field.

Resources for Locating Literature Reviews

Published literature reviews of all types are found in a variety of research databases. It is important to search different databases to locate relevant reviews. Regardless of the databases used, the following searches can be helpful:

  • " literature review " OR " review of the literature " AND " your research topic/question/key terms "
  • " systematic review " AND " your research topic/question/key terms "  
  • " meta analysis " OR " meta-analysis " AND " your research topic/question/key terms "
  • " scoping review " AND " your research topic/question/key terms "
  • Annual Reviews The Annual Reviews series of publications provides literature review articles that analyze the most significant scholarly research published within the preceding year. These article-length reviews are authored by leading scholars and cover over 40 different subject disciplines in the social, behavioral, and hard sciences.
  • JSTOR Started as a grant-funded project at the University of Michigan, JSTOR is now a  premier scholarly digital research database primarily for the humanities and social sciences. In addition to journal articles, users can access ebooks, book chapters, images, and primary source documents.  JSTOR contains the full text of more than 2,300 journals from 1,000 publishers, with publication dates ranging from 1665 to 2015 (for specific titles). Journals are available in more than 60 disciplines in the humanities, social sciences, sciences, and mathematics. Note:  The majority of journals in JSTOR have an embargo period or "Moving Wall" delay of 3 to 5 years. This means there is a gap in the availability of current issues of most JSTOR journals.
  • The International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) The International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) is compiled by the British Library of Political and Economic Science at the London School of Economics. It provides access to scholarly literature in the social sciences, covering various disciplines, including sociology, political science, anthropology, economics, geography, and more. It includes over 3 million bibliographic references to journal articles, books, book reviews, and selected book chapters back to 1951.
  • Project Muse Project Muse provides online access to many scholarly journals, books, and other academic resources in the humanities, social sciences, and arts. It is also a leading provider of digital humanities content. Project MUSE offers access to diverse, high-quality, peer-reviewed journals from renowned university presses, scholarly societies, and academic publishers. It also covers various disciplines, including literature, history, philosophy, political science, sociology, cultural studies, etc. Some institutions subscribe to the Project Muse Premium Collection, which contains over 700 scholarly journals from over 100 publishers on various subjects.
  • Dissertations & Theses Global ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global is a comprehensive collection of academic theses and dissertations students submit as part of their university studies. Each dissertation or thesis provides a literature review section, offering a critical assessment of the sources used to write the work.
  • Science Direct Science Direct provides a large collection of Social Sciences and Humanities journals and books, highlighting historical context, current developments, theories, applications, trends, and more.
  • Social Science Citation Index™ (Web of Science) Social Sciences Citation Index™ provides access to a wide range of scholarly literature in the social sciences, including sociology, psychology, political science, anthropology, economics, and education, among others. Contains over 3,400 journals across 58 social sciences disciplines, as well as selected items from 3,500 of the world’s leading scientific and technical journals. More than 9.37 million records and 122 million cited references date back from 1900 to the present.
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I.  What is a Literature Review? The purpose of a review is to analyze critically a segment of a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies. It can be a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern, combining both summary and synthesis.

  • Review of the Literature (Wisconsin)
  • Systematic Literature Review vs Narrative Reviews
  • Get Lit: the Literature Review Candace Schaefer in the Texas A&M University Writing Center.

III.  What Major Steps and Basic Elements Literature Reviews Require?

  • Overview of the subject, issue or theory under consideration, along with the objectives of literature review
  • Perform a literature review, finding materials relevant to the subject being explored
  • Division of works under review into categories (e.g. those in support of a particular position, those against, etc)
  • Explanation of how each work is similar to and how it varies from the others
  • Conclusions as to which pieces are best considered in their argument, are most convincing of their opinions, and make the greatest contribution to the understanding and development of their area of research
  • Write a Lit Review (UCSC)

IV.    Which Citation Tool Are You Going to Use to Manage the Literature Sources? Choose your citation tool before conducing your literature reviews.  There are a number of choices, including following software supported by the Libraries and the University:

  • RefWorks Available at no cost to Texas A&M affiliates.
  • EndNote Available for free through a campus-wide site license.

Cited Reference Searching

Cited references are the sources consulted in writing an article or a book, often referred to within the text of the work. A list of cited references may appear as Bibliographic Notes, Footnotes or Endnotes, References, List of Sources Cited or Consulted. In order for an article to be cited, it needs to have been published for a long enough period of time for another published article, citing it to appear.

These listings can be helpful in a number of ways:

  • Finding an article on a relevant topic and accumulating similar helpful resources
  • Following a specific idea or theory back to its first appearance in the literature
  • Finding articles that build on a specific theory or the most recent article on a topic
  • Identifying experts or leaders on a specific topic
  • Documenting scholarly reputation and impact for tenure and promotion

The cited reference databases are efficient in pulling together many articles on a topic with their references and in identifying which articles on a topic have been cited most frequently.  They can also help identify the “top” journals in a field by impact factor, which may be useful for assessing them.

  • Web of Science This link opens in a new window covers the world’s leading scholarly literature in the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities and examines proceedings of international conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions. It also includes cited references and citation mapping functions.

Searches can be done by:

  • Title or Topic
  •  Author or Editor – The Author Finder tool includes variations on an author’s name
  • Journal or Publication Name
  • Grant Name or Funding Agency
  • Limited by year, Language, Document Type 

The citation of the article  will be retrieved with its references as well as the number of times cited and by whom.

You can refine your search results by subject area, useful when there is more than one author with the same name, or by document type.  You can see the number of articles in your set contributed by particular authors and institutions and can create a citation report to identify which articles in your results have been cited the most.

You can easily export your results to bibliographic software like EndNote or RefWorks.

Articles can be searched by:

  • Abstract word or keyword
  • Source or journal
  • Author (by name or by affiliation)
  • Limit by date or document type

The database allows accounts to be set up and can save search alerts and journals lists.  Scopus also provides journal analytics including data and graphs to illustrate the total citations, articles published, trend line and % not cited over time.  It has the ability to exclude self-citations.

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Political Science Subject Guide: Literature Reviews

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More Literature Review Writing Tips

  • Thesis Whisperer- Bedraggled Daisy Lay advice on writing theses and dissertations. This article demonstrates in more detail one aspect of our discussion

Books on the Literature Review

example of literature review in international relations

What is a literature review?

"A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers. [...] In writing the literature review, your purpose is to convey to your reader what knowledge and ideas have been established on a topic, and what their strengths and weaknesses are. As a piece of writing, the literature review must be defined by a guiding concept (e.g., your research objective, the problem or issue you are discussing, or your argumentative thesis). It is not just a descriptive list of the material available, or a set of summaries."

(from "The Literature Review: A Few Tips on Writing It," http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/literature-review )

Strategies for conducting your own literature review

1. Use this guide as a starting point. Begin your search with the resources linked from the political science subject guide. These library catalogs and databases will help you identify what's been published on your topic.

2. What came first? Try bibliographic tracing. As you're finding sources, pay attention to what and whom these authors cite. Their footnotes and bibliographies will point you in the direction of additional scholarship on your topic.

3. What comes next? Look for reviews and citation reports. What did scholars think about that book when it was published in 2003? Has anyone cited that article since 1971? Reviews and citation analysis tools can help you determine if you've found the seminal works on your topic--so that you can be confident that you haven't missed anything important, and that you've kept up with the debates in your field. You'll find book reviews in JSTOR and other databases. Google Scholar has some citation metrics; you can use Web of Science ( Social Sciences Citation Index ) for more robust citation reports.

4. Stay current. Get familiar with the top journals in your field, and set up alerts for new articles. If you don't know where to begin, APSA and other scholarly associations often maintain lists of journals, broken out by subfield . In many databases (and in Google Scholar), you can also set up search alerts, which will notify you when additional items have been added that meet your search criteria.

5. Stay organized. A citation management tool--e.g., RefWorks, Endnote, Zotero, Mendeley--will help you store your citations, generate a bibliography, and cite your sources while you write. Some of these tools are also useful for file storage, if you'd like to keep PDFs of the articles you've found. To get started with citation management tools, check out this guide . 

How to find existing literature reviews

1. Consult Annual Reviews.  The Annual Review of Political Science consists of thorough literature review essays in all areas of political science, written by noted scholars. The library also subscribes to Annual Reviews in economics, law and social science, sociology, and many other disciplines.

2. Turn to handbooks, bibliographies, and other reference sources. Resources like Oxford Bibliographies Online and assorted handbooks ( Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics , Oxford Handbook of American Elections and Political Behavior , etc.) are great ways to get a substantive introduction to a topic, subject area, debate, or issue. Not exactly literature reviews, but they do provide significant reference to and commentary on the relevant literature--like a heavily footnoted encyclopedia for specialists in a discipline. 

3. Search databases and Google Scholar.   Use the recommended databases in the "Articles & Databases" tab of this guide and try a search that includes the phrase "literature review."

4. Search in journals for literature review articles.  Once you've identified the important journals in your field as suggested in the section above, you can target these journals and search for review articles. 

5. Find book reviews.  These reviews can often contain useful contextual information about the concerns and debates of a field. Worldwide Political Science Abstracts is a good source for book reviews, as is JSTOR . To get to book reviews in JSTOR, select the advanced search option, use the title of the book as your search phrase, and narrow by item type: reviews. You can also narrow your search further by discipline.

6. Cast a wide net--don't forget dissertations.  Dissertations and theses often include literature review sections. While these aren't necessarily authoritative, definitive literature reviews (you'll want to check in Annual Reviews for those), they can provide helpful suggestions for sources to consider.

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  • Oxford Handbooks Online This link opens in a new window Access to the entire seventeen subjects from the Oxford Handbooks Online platform. Offers review essays that evaluate the current thinking on a field or topic in a given subject area, and makes original arguments about the future direction of the debate.
  • Annual Reviews This link opens in a new window Search by keyword to find articles dedicated to reviewing the literature on your topic.
  • Routledge Handbooks Online This link opens in a new window Provides overviews of classic, current research and future trends in the social sciences and humanities; as well as guides to theory and method, key sub-disciplines, and the primary debates of today. Full-text access to peer-reviewed content available for the subject collections in criminal justice & criminology, politics, and security studies.
  • Oxford Bibliographies Online This link opens in a new window Offers exclusive, authoritative research guides developed by scholars and librarians worldwide to address a variety of subjects, including African Studies, Anthropology, Atlantic History, Cinema and Media Studies, Classics, Criminology, Education, International Law, International Relations, Latin American Studies, Management, Music, Political Science, and Sociology. Tutorial for the Oxford Bibliographies Online database.
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Literature reviews are a particularly useful resource when doing research.  They address the issues involved in a specific question and the debates among scholars.  They map out the intellectual terrain succinctly and give you the major landmarks in terms of key authors and significant titles for greater understanding. 

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Designing a Research Proposal

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Before conducting research, whether this is for an undergraduate project/essay,or a dissertation or thesis, it is important that you design a research proposal first. This will serve as a plan to orient you as you conduct your research and seek to answer the question(s) you have set. Every university (and programme within) will have its own guidelines for this, but the resources below give some accessible overviews on how a research proposal works in general, and then lists some examples the E-International Relations team has found useful from universities around the world.

The resources below have been curated by the E-International Relations team. You can find more resources on our methods homepage .

How to Develop a Good Research Topic by KStateLibraries (YouTube)

How To Write A Strong Research Proposal by Dr Amina Yonis (Youtube)

‘The Perfect Proposal’ by Dr. Hastings of the Texas A&M University Writing Center (YouTube)

Developing Research Questions by Monash University (website).

Doing a Literature Review

An essential part of any proposal is a review of the relevant literature already published on the topic you are researching. This shows that you understand where the existing debates are focused and (for more advanced works) can identify any gaps in the extant research that your work may address. Generally, literature falls into two broad categories: (1) Academic literature – this is books, journal articles and academic PhD theses… anything peer reviewed. (2) ‘Grey’ Literature – essentially anything not peer reviewed but useful to your research. this is a broad category that incorporates Newspaper/Magazine articles, policy or technical reports, government publications/archives, multimedia content (Podcasts, videos etc.) etc. Both academic and grey literature can be online or physical/in print and the distinction is less important than the nature and use of the materials in your literature review.

Get Lit: The Literature Review by Dr. Candace Hastings (YouTube)

Literature Review by University of Waterloo (website).

Andrew Booth, Diana Papaioannou, and Anthea Sutton, Systematic Approaches to Successful Literature Review (SAGE, 2012), pp.1–16. https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/43465_Booth_et_al.pdf

Chris Hart, Doing a Literature Review (SAGE, 1998), pp.1–25. https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/28728_LitReview___hart_chapter_1.pdf

Robin Kiteley and Chris Stogdon, Literature Reviews in Social Work (SAGE, 2014), pp.5–22. The Selection of a Research Approach. https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/58106_Kiteley_&_Stogdon.pdf

John W. Creswell, Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches Fourth Edition (Sage, 2014). https://us.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/55588_Chapter_1_Sample_Creswell_Research_Design_4e.pdf

Examples of different university guides for research proposals

University of Nottingham https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pgstudy/how-to-apply/research-proposal.aspx

Oxford University https://www.conted.ox.ac.uk/about/writing-your-research-proposal

King’s College London, Department of European and International Studies https://www.kcl.ac.uk/eis/postgraduate/eis-phd-research-proposal-guidelines

Guidelines for elaborating a master’s thesis or project. ISCTE Business School (Lisbon, Portugal). https://www.iscte-iul.pt/assets/files/2020/11/02/1604315461085_Guidelines_for_elaborating_a_Master_s_dissertation_or_project.pdf

Dissertation Proposal Template. Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics. https://www.clsbe.lisboa.ucp.pt/system/files/assets/files/dissertation-proposal-template.pdf

Writing a research proposal. University of Melbourne https://students.unimelb.edu.au/academic-skills/explore-our-resources/graduate-research/writing-a-research-proposal

Types of Research Design. – University of Southern California. https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/researchdesigns

Guidelines for the Preparation of Research Project, Dissertation and Thesis – University of Malaya. https://inpuma.um.edu.my/Guidelines_for_Preparation_of_Research_Project_Dissertation_and_Thesis.pdf

Research Proposal Guidelines. – University of Pretoria. https://www.up.ac.za/communication-management-division/article/2417100/research-proposal-guidelines

Writing a Research Proposal. – Victoria University of Wellington. https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/1341273/Writing-a-Research-Proposal.pdf

How to Prepare: Thesis Proposal. – University of Hong Kong. https://gradsch.hku.hk/f/page/476/1666/thesis-proposal.pdf

George Washington University, Dissertation Content and Style Guide. https://gsehd.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/gsehd_dissertation_content_and_style_guide.pdf.

Organizing your Social Sciences Research Paper. https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide

Tips for Writing a Good Quality Social Science Research Paper. https://globaljournals.org/journals/human-social-science/tips-for-writing-a-good-quality-social-science-research-paper

Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper. https://libguides.pointloma.edu/c.php?g=944338&p=6806892

The Open University. (2021). “Postgraduate Study Skills”. The Open University. https://help.open.ac.uk/conducting-an-interview .

Types of Research Designs. University of Southern California Libraries. https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/researchdesigns

Writing your research proposal (York St. John University). https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/study/research/apply/examples-of-research-proposals/

Further Reading on E-International Relations

  • Designing and Conducting Surveys
  • Research Ethics
  • Introduction to Research Methods
  • Quantitative Analysis Tools
  • Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches
  • 9/11 and the War on Terror

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Example Of International Relations Literature Review

Type of paper: Literature Review

Topic: History , Study , World , European Union , Holocaust , Security , Education , War

Published: 01/07/2020

ORDER PAPER LIKE THIS

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

The article, at the very core criticizes the flawed and under researched conventional security studies. According to authors, these studies failed miserably in understanding and gauging actions in contemporary security environments. These studies have failed to understand the essence of the security situation that has prevailed in world for long and the reason behind this failure has been their entire emphasis and over concentration on the European experience.

The study aims to understand the security situation that has been prevailing since World War two from an entirely different and non-conventional perspective. As the study observes, ‘In the contemporary era, Western powers face an ‘existential threat’ from a transnational network enterprise rather than from states organized along similar lines as in the past’.1 The articles critiques the Eurocentric character of security studies and their inadequacy in looking at the bigger picture and draconian threats. The article aims at exposing the Eurocentrism of security studies by highlighting the difficulties associated it generates for correct analysis of security relations. Making sense of contemporary developments by drawing attention to the implication of the War On Terror in histories of warfare between Northern World and Southern World. The study points at the changing dynamics of security concerns and reasons of war in Southern world, which were earlier restricted to national liberation and wars within entities in Southern world but now have extended to resistances from upper and rather neglected part of the World (in conventional security studies).

Security studies have in right sense become vibrant and diverse and have extended their scopes extensively and though not completely, but have started shedding their stern approach towards considering just western powers. The papers talks about, discusses and analyzes some key moments in the evolution of security studies during the course of history to prove how Eurocentrism overshadowed the bigger picture and resulted in almost one sided studies. To establish the point, four most important and significant events concerning geographical history of the world. The four events are conventional account of genealogy of war and strategy, the Cuban missile crisis, World War II and the Holocaust.

It talks about how some of the most renowned works on Security studies, like Makers of Modern Strategy have been totally dominated by Eurocentric histories and geographic Shapes. It tells us how, in standard accounts, even the Cuban missile crisis during the Cold War is considered a crisis an affair of the superpowers only with United States and Soviet Union taking the center stage and Cuba almost sidelined. The paper also very effectively and succinctly puts forward the way in which World War II has often been discussed. It puts forward how World War II is misconstrued and misunderstood as a struggle between democracy and totalitarianism and despite the important contribution of Soviet Union to the victory, US and Western Allies are often attributed the ‘Hero’ tag. The biggest evidence of the Eurocentrism is presented by quoting and discussing Holocaust, in which Liberals not only locate agency and history with great powers, characteristically Eurocentric, but also brand the actions by West as ethical and progressive.

The authors effectively prove that realism is no longer sufficient to understand and develop complete security studies. The study rightly reflects at the need of considering ‘weak’ in these studies for they cannot be neglected anymore and so that their scope is widened to see beyond Western powers. The study rightly ends by pointing that for rational and effective studies, weaker powers have necessarily to be included and should be weighed equally and with utmost importance.

Barkawi, Tarak and Lafey, Mark. The postcolonial moment in security studies. Review of International Studies, (2006): 329­352

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    example of literature review in international relations

  5. Literature Review Sample International Relations

    example of literature review in international relations

  6. Literature Review Sample International Relations

    example of literature review in international relations

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  1. What is Literature Review?

  2. How to Write the Review of Related Literature

  3. How to Do a Good Literature Review for Research Paper and Thesis

  4. Tips on Writing the Review of Related Literature

  5. The Republic Versus Democracy

  6. What is Literature Review Purpose of Literature Review and Concept with Example in Urdu

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  1. Guides: International Relations: Finding Literature Reviews

    A literature review is an examination of existing primary and secondary scholarly literature, including books, journal articles, working papers, and other scholarly materials. A literature review can be as brief as a one-page summary, or as comprehensive as a full-length scholarly article such as those found in the Annual Reviews. Literature ...

  2. PDF RESEARCH METHODS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

    4 Writing a Literature Review 79 ... 6.3 Example of a payoff structure 135 6.4 Equilibrium point for both players in a single game 136 7.1 MMR and Triangulation 145 ... International Relations at the Institute for International Strategy, Tokyo International University. He has taught a number of research methods classes, including Research

  3. Method of preparing an international and national literature review for

    The literature review consists of the analysis and synthesis of preliminary works, consolidating information on an emerging subject's state of the art to document accumulated knowledge or reveal theoretical foundations to be addressed [1]. Cronin et al. [2] classify the literature review as systematic and narrative (also called traditional ...

  4. Research Guides: International Affairs: Doing a Literature Review

    covers the world's leading scholarly literature in the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities and examines proceedings of international conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions. It also includes cited references and citation mapping functions. Searches can be done by:

  5. Political Science Subject Guide: Literature Reviews

    Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review by Andrew Booth; Anthea Sutton; Diana Papaioannou Showing you how to take a structured and organized approach to a wide range of literature review types, this book helps you to choose which approach is right for your research. Packed with constructive tools, examples, case studies and hands-on exercises, the book covers the full range of ...

  6. Find Literature Reviews

    A guide for students of international relations and IR theory (includes courses GOVT 322 and GOVT 540 ) Begin Your Research; ... Cut through information overload--draw on published literature reviews and subject guides. ... Offers review essays that evaluate the current thinking on a field or topic in a given subject area, and makes original ...

  7. Literature Reviews

    Literature reviews are a particularly useful resource when doing research. They address the issues involved in a specific question and the debates among scholars. They map out the intellectual terrain succinctly and give you the major landmarks in terms of key authors and significant titles for greater understanding.

  8. (PDF) Research Methods in International Relations

    scholarship and practice, making use of a diverse array of research methods. Unlike fields of study such as anthropology, which make use of core methods. built around ethnography and group ...

  9. A Systematic Review of Studies on Interculturalism and Intercultural

    This paper reports the findings of the first systematic literature review (SLR) of studies on the intercultural approach as captured by two inter-connected articulations: interculturalism (IC) and intercultural dialogue (ICD). Initially, 16,582 available peer-reviewed articles and book chapters published over the period 2000-2017, were ...

  10. PDF How to do a rigorous, evidence focused literature review in

    2 Literature reviews in international development: from orthodox to systematic This section situates the discussion on literature review methods and states the problem being addressed through this paper. It is split into two short subsections: the first characterises, in a stylistic way, the typical nature of orthodox literature reviews in ...

  11. How to do a rigorous, evidence-focused literature review in

    Building on previous reflections on the utility of systematic reviews in international development research, this paper describes an approach to carrying out a literature review that adheres to some of the core principles of 'full' systematic reviews, but that also contains space within the process for innovation and reflexivity.

  12. How to Write a Literature Review

    Examples of literature reviews. Step 1 - Search for relevant literature. Step 2 - Evaluate and select sources. Step 3 - Identify themes, debates, and gaps. Step 4 - Outline your literature review's structure. Step 5 - Write your literature review.

  13. Case study research and critical IR: the case for the extended case

    'What is a case study and what is it good for?' 1 While asked and answered explicitly in positivist and neopositivist literature, this question is yet to receive substantial attention in non-positivist research in International Relations (IR). 2 This article addresses this gap from the perspective of critical approaches in IR. It builds on the recent fertile season of methodological ...

  14. Designing a Research Proposal

    Doing a Literature Review. An essential part of any proposal is a review of the relevant literature already published on the topic you are researching. This shows that you understand where the existing debates are focused and (for more advanced works) can identify any gaps in the extant research that your work may address.

  15. International intermediaries: A systematic literature review and

    This protocol consists of three stages, namely, assembling, arranging and assessing and six sub-stages that flow sequentially, as shown in Fig. 1. Systematic literature reviews based on this protocol are able to deliver state-of-the-art insights of the stimulating agendas to advance knowledge in the review domain.

  16. 63077 PDFs

    Jan 2024. Mohammed Saaida. International relations have traditionally been understood as interactions between sovereign states. However, in recent decades, the role and influence of non-state ...

  17. Lemieux Library: International Studies: Literature Reviews

    Lemieux Library: International Studies: Literature Reviews ... .

  18. Sample Literature Review International Relations

    Sample Literature Review International Relations - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. sample literature review international relations

  19. Example Literature Review International Relations

    Example Literature Review International Relations - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. This document provides guidance on creating a literature review map to organize sources for a literature review. It discusses how literature mapping uses graphical methods to visually plot literature sources and connections between concepts.

  20. 39 Best Literature Review Examples (Guide & Samples)

    A literature review is a compilation of current knowledge on a particular topic derived from the critical evaluation of different scholarly sources such as books, articles, and publications, which is then presented in an organized manner to relate to a specific research problem being investigated. It highlights the methods, relevant theories, and gaps in existing research on a particular ...

  21. International Relations Article Review Examples That Really Inspire

    The Clash Of Civilizations Article Review Sample. The clash of civilizations is an interesting article that attempts to change the conventional way of interpreting and discussing issues in International Relations. The author, Samuel Huntington, is of the opinion that the traditional approach to international relations no longer holds water and ...

  22. International Relations Dissertations

    Dissertations on International Relations. International Relations are the partnerships, connections and relationships between countries and different cultures. Such relationships within the subject of International Relations can relate to laws, economics, policies, and more. View All Dissertation Examples.

  23. Example Of International Relations Literature Review

    INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. The article, at the very core criticizes the flawed and under researched conventional security studies. According to authors, these studies failed miserably in understanding and gauging actions in contemporary security environments.