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The house of Phalo : a history of the Xhosa people in the days of their independence
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Uploaded by station17.cebu on September 20, 2022
A lovely imposition: The complexity of writing a thesis in isiXhosa
This chapter reports on my experiences as a postgraduate student writing a masters’ thesis in isiXhosa, my mother tongue. South Africa’s Language Policy for Higher Education (Ministry of Education, 2002) provides students, particularly second language speakers of English, with the option of writing in their mother tongue. Section 6 of the policy reads as follows: ‘The challenge facing higher education is to ensure the simultaneous development of a multilingual environment in which all our languages are developed as academic/scientific languages, while at the same time ensuring that the existing languages of instruction do not serve as a barrier to access and success.’
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Xhosa ( isiXhosa )
Xhosa is a Bantu language spoken in South Africa, mainly in the Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Free State and Northern Cape. It is also in parts of Lesotho and Zimbabwe. According to the 2011 census there are about 8.2 million native speakers of Xhosa, and another 11 million second language speakers.
Xhosa at a glance
- Native name : isiXhosa [isikǁʰɔ́ːsa]
- Language family : Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Benue-Congo, Southern Bantoid, Bantu, Southern Bantu, Nguni, Zunda
- Number of speakers : c. 19 million
- Spoken in : South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho
- First written : 1823
- Writing system : Latin script
- Status : official language in South Africa and Zimbabwe
Xhosa is an official language in South Africa and Zimbabe, and is used as a language of instruction in primary schools, and in some secondary schools. It is also taught in universities. There are books, magazines and newspapers in Xhosa, as well as TV and radio programmes, films, plays and songs.
Xhosa is closely related to Zulu , Swati and Ndebele , and mutually intelligible with them to some extent.
Xhosa's click consonants were most likely borrowed from the Khoisan languages as a result of long and extensive interaction between the Xhosa and Khoisan peoples.
A system for writing Xhosa using the Latin alphabet was devised by Christian missionaries during the early 19th century. The first printed work in Xhosa was published in 1823.
Xhosa alphabet
Hear the Xhosa alphabet:
Xhosa pronunciation
Hear how to pronounce Xhosa:
Download an alphabet chart for Xhosa (Excel)
Sample text in Xhosa
Bonke abantu bazalwa bekhululekile belingana ngesidima nangokweemfanelo. Bonke abantu banesiphiwo sesazela nesizathu sokwenza isenzo ongathanda ukuba senziwe kumzalwane wakho.
Translation
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
Some corrections to this page by Michael Peter Füstumum
Sample video in Xhosa
Information about Xhosa | Phrases | Numbers | Colours | Family words | Tower of Babel | Books about Xhosa on: Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk [affilate links]
Information about the Xhosa language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_language https://www.ethnologue.com/language/xho
Online Xhosa lessons https://www.memrise.com/course/1572/xhosa-an-intro/ http://learn101.org/xhosa.php http://ilanguages.org/xhosa.php http://xhosaculture.co.za/about-us/learn-xhosa/ http://www.youtube.com/user/XhosaKhaya https://www.twinkl.co.za/resources/south-africa-resources/isixhosa-foundation-phase-english-south-africa-suid-afrika/2
Online Xhosa dictionaries http://www.freelang.net/dictionary/xhosa.php http://glosbe.com/en/xh/ http://www.gononda.com/xhosa/
Xhosa phrases http://www.salanguages.com/isixhosa/xhowrd.htm http://www.southafricalogue.com/travel-tips/south-african-phrases-xhosa.html
Bantu languages
Bangi , Basaa , Bemba , Bena , Benga , Bukusu , Bulu , Central Teke , Chichewa , Chokwe , Chuwabu , Comorian , Digo , Duala , Eton , Ewondo , Fang , Ganda/Luganda , Gogo , Gusii , Gwere , Haya , Herero , Ikizu , Jita , Kamba , Kiga , Kikuyu , Kimbundu , Kinyarwanda , Kirundi , Kisi , Kongo , Konjo , Koti , Kukuya , Kunda , Kuria , Lambya , Lingala , Loma , Lozi , Luba-Katanga , Luchazi , Lunda , Luvale , Makaa , Makonde , Makhuwa , Mandekan , Maore , Masaaba , Mbunda , Mende , Mongo , Mushungulu , Mwani , Nande , Nkore , North Teke , Northern Ndebele (South Africa) , Northern Ndebele (Zimbabwe) , Northern Sotho , Nyamwezi , Nyakyusa , Nyemba , Nyole , Nyungwe , Nzadi , Oroko , OshiWambo , Pagibete , Punu , Ronga , Sena , Sengele , Shona , Soga , Songe , Southern Ndebele , Southern Sotho , Sukuma , Swahili , Swati , Tanga , Tembo , Tonga , Tshiluba , Tsonga , Tswa , Tswana , Tumbuka , Umbundu , Venda , Xhosa , Yao , Yasa , Zigula , Zinza , Zulu
Languages written with the Latin alphabet
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IMAGES
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COMMENTS
The greatest of the Xhosa essayists is given a full chapter, Chapter 2 where the structure and style of his essays is analysed. Madala is given the same privilege in Chapter 3. The structure and style of the essays of three essayists is analysed in Chapter 4: Tamsanqa, Mtuze and Mjamba. Three essayists on the same are grouped in Chapter 5 ...
Soga's intellectual descendants, a member of the Xhosa Intellectuals of the 1880s, John Knox Bokwe (1855-1922), in Ntsikana: The Story of An African Convert (1914), attached as an appendix an essay by Robert Balfour Noyi called 'Ama-Xhosa History' (1848) which quoted a Xhosa oral tradition recounting the Xhosa
Xhosa tradition, a ritual is about the faith of the family but hristian practices unify families and the community under one narrative that makes more sense to some Xhosa people. Some people I speak to feel there are elements in Xhosa culture that can be kept and preserved while, at the same time, some need to be changed or forgotten.
The house of Phalo : a history of the Xhosa people in the days of their independence by Peires, J. B. (Jeffrey B.) Publication date 2003 Topics ... Pdf_module_version 0.0.20 Ppi 360 Rcs_key 24143 Republisher_date 20221007182422 Republisher_operator [email protected] ...
In this, the first modern history of the Xhosa, the author relates the story of one of the most numerous and important indigenous peoples in contemporary South Africa, from their consolidation, through an era of co-operation and conflict with whites (whom the Xhosa regarded as uncivilized) to the frontier wars that eventuated in their present position as a subordinate group in the modern South ...
(see Opland, "Fighting with the pen" and "Nineteenth-Century Xhosa literature"). These early newspapers fostered a literary cadre from whose ranks were drawn the authors of Xhosa creative writing in books, which appeared in the first decade of the twentieth century. The first novel in Xhosa, entitled USamson (Samson), was published in 1907.
This astonishing discovery makes clear the fundamental role of women in the making of South African modernity or literary modernism. If nothing else, because of this extraordinary finding, higher praise of Xhosa Poets and Poetry cannot possibly be imagined. Written by Jeff Opland ( Cape Town : David Philip Publishers, 1998.
Xhosa had died in a battle against abaThembu in 1782. 7 His son Mlawu who would have succeeded was killed in the same battle. Mlawu'S son, Ngqika who normally should have taken over as King, was a minor of eleven years of age. It was there- fore decided by councillors that Ndlambe, Ngqika's uncle should ...
The first novel in the Xhosa language, USamson, written by the greatest figure in the history of Xhosa literature, S. E. K. Mqhayi (1875-1945), and published in 1907, is now lost. It was produced at a time when black people in South Africa were becoming bolder in their demand for human rights, forming independent black churches and political organizations. It appeared after a period of ...
Some were written in Xhosa and some in English (Maseko, 2017). Much of this work has only recently been made available in translation. I have arranged the works identified with that genre by Jeff Peires and Jeff Opland in chronological order. My major source here refers primarily to Peires's notes on "Xhosa Historical Writing" in The
Intonjane is a traditional Xhosa rite of passage for girls that marks their transition to womanhood. This dissertation explores the historical, cultural and social aspects of intonjane, as well as the challenges and prospects of its revival in the contemporary context. The study draws on the experiences and perspectives of intonjane participants, practitioners and experts, as well as relevant ...
Of the 4 who failed their Xhosa essay, only one scored better for their English essay and their average mark differential was 4.4. Analysis of Xhosa essays The analysis of the essays is presented under the headings: Argument in the Xhosa essays, and Register in the Xhosa essays. Translations of the Xhosa essays are also given.
Le yingqokelela yee-eseyi ezijolise ekufundiseni isizwe ngokubanzi ngeendlela ezilungileyo zokuziphatha. Iqulethe imixholo efana nomsebenzi wabafazi kwisizwe esintsundu, umtshato, isiko nobukhoboka. These essays aim to educate people about ways to behave. It covers themes like roles of women in an African society, weddings, culture and slavery.
It is beleived that the use of the above research findings will assist IsiXhosa language learners to participate fully in the socio-political and career demands and holistic development of learners. The method used in the study made use of isiXhosa essays written by grade 11 learners in two phases. In the first phase, learners were not taught ...
Abstract. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores a theoretical framework of language competence with reference to the teaching and learning of writing in Xhosa grade 12. The teaching of writing attempts to develop writing skills and to assist learners to see writing as a process involving various stages such as thinking, researching, planning ...
A collection of contemporary essays that explore the pros and cons of common issues (eg. the role of TV, corporal punishment) and further encourage debate and reflection on these topics. The specification in this catalogue, including without limitation price, format, extent, number of illustrations, and month of publication, was as accurate as ...
The research used Xhosa households as the site of research. An outcome of this research is understanding that the construction of gender is influenced by many factors such as, the family, culture, societal norms, and the social environment in which children find themselves. This research demonstrates that these factors influence how the ...
In this article, the author reports on a mid-year critical evaluation of her teaching practice at a multilingual university with students who are non-indigenous speakers of isiXhosa. Data is gleaned from participatory observations, critical-incident journal entries, students' assessments, views of an outside observer, and student feedback.
1. To be Xhosa or not to be Xhosa ... That is the Question. Vivian de Klerk. In press: Journal of Multilingualism and Multiculturalism. It has long been recognised that indigenous languages are ...
Even if one is 7 writing something scientific, there is a tendency, when elaborating on an issue, to borrow from poetic styles of expression to put an idea across. For me, writing in an African language has rhythm, almost like a voice, a sound. It has breath, and one can feel the breath of the language moving from deep within.
classic in the Xhosa literature. Gerard (1981:82) comments that this novel is still one of the best novels in the Xhosa language. Agreeing with this comment, Neethling (1997:18) remarks that the novel "represented a milestone in the development of modern Xhosa writing as well as in the greater context of the (black) Southern African languages".
the abaThwa from this area and made it a land of the Xhosa. He dies in Thembulald on the banks of the Xuka, the day, his daughter, Ntsusa was born. Today I want to relate a few . 9 incidents about his name, also about his grandson, Lwaganda. In this introduction I want to make clear why I
Xhosa ( isiXhosa) Xhosa. (. isiXhosa. ) Xhosa is a Bantu language spoken in South Africa, mainly in the Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Free State and Northern Cape. It is also in parts of Lesotho and Zimbabwe. According to the 2011 census there are about 8.2 million native speakers of Xhosa, and another 11 million second language speakers.