medical research epq ideas

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• 600 EPQ Ideas – The Ultimate List For an A*

So, this is it. You’ve decided to do an EPQ and now you’re sitting at a blank computer screen with the entire spectrum of human knowledge at your disposal. You could write about any topic on any subject in the dizzying realms of the known universe. But there’s just one problem… how do you begin?

An EPQ (Extended Project Qualification) allows A-Level students to write either a 5,000 word essay on any question or subject of their choice. Alternatively, students can create an artefact or product, and write a shorter essay explaining it. The EPQ is equivalent to half an A-Level.

EPQs are a fantastic way of proving to universities that you are the best prospective student for them, and that you deserve a place on one of their courses. An EPQ requires a huge amount of independent research (which proves that you can handle university-style work) and allows you to showcase your original thoughts and academic rigour, which is exactly what universities are looking for.

Even more importantly, an EPQ counts for extra UCAS points . This means that if you don’t get the grades you expect at A-Level, a strong EPQ grade could help you meet the conditions of a university place offer. Feeling inspired now? We’ve got 600 EPQ ideas for multiple different subjects, to get those ideas rolling.

What are some top EPQ ideas for a guaranteed A*?

Some strong EPQ ideas for a guaranteed A* are specific and original topics like “Should parents be allowed to genetically change their child’s gender” for an EPQ in medicine, and “Is the media making suicide aspirational?”, for a psychology EPQ.

You could also consider EPQ questions like, “Was the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki justified?” for History, and “Should we legalise human organ trade?” for Economics.

We’ve got a list of 600 EPQ ideas for a guaranteed A*, so scroll down and get inspired. We’ve searched all over the internet and interviewed students to get the most pressing topics for each subject. You should just use these EPQ ideas to give you an idea of what you could research, and it’s up to you to come up with your own title.

EPQ Ideas For Medicine

• Is gene therapy ethical?
• Should parents be allowed to genetically alter their child’s gender?
• Can cannabis use in adolescence cause schizophrenia?
• To what extent does the sugar tax reduce sugar consumption in the UK?
• Why are the death-rates from Covid-19 worse in places with higher air pollution?
• Why does emetophobia primarily affect women?
• Could the legalisation of cannabis improve mental health?
• Should we allow only UK citizens to use the NHS?
• Can plastic surgery ever solve body dysmorphic disorder?
• Do care home environments worsen the affects of Dementia and Alzheimer’s?
• What are the links between obesity and parents criticizing their children’s bodies?
• If a woman who wanted a child freezes her eggs and then happens to die, should a relative be allowed to use her eggs to conceive a child?
• Is it right that mothers of Down’s syndrome babies are allowed to abort them up until birth?
• Are anti-depressants a quick fix problem in an overwhelmed healthcare system?
• Should the NHS provide IVF for women over 40?
• To what extent are Black women discriminated against when giving birth?
• Should counsellors have a qualification in psychology before being allowed to practice?
• Why are girls so chronically misdiagnosed when it comes to autism?
• Did the ancient Egyptians have a comprehensive understanding of mental health and illness?
• Could electroshock therapy be the most effective method of treating depression?
• Should we prioritise ICU places to people with children and dependents?
• What are the similarities between Reactive Attachment Disorder and Autism?
• A study of medical practices in North Korea
• A comparison of different cancer treatments: surgical removals and chemotherapy to immunotherapies.
• Is hypnotherapy ever a viable anaesthetic for surgery?

Students interested in taking medicine further should consider studying at one of our award winning Medicine Summer Schools to strengthen their application.

EPQ Ideas for Psychology

• Is the media making suicide aspirational for young people?
• To what extent does having social workers intervene in a family affect a child’s life outcomes?
• Is talking therapy nearly ineffective for treating panic disorder?
• Should children be allowed to decide if they can be taken into care?
• Are the children of alcoholics more likely to become hoarders?
• Is there a link between undiagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and alcoholism?
• Can non-violent psychopaths have successful relationships?
• Given how they change behaviour, should advertising and marketing be made illegal?
• How has social media altered our brains since its inception?
• Does the Stanford Prison Experiment prove that we should promote rehabilitation over punitive incarceration?
• Are attachment issues in neglected children irreversible?
• Can unschooling be classed as child neglect?
• Can authoritarian parenting styles lead to overeating in adulthood?
• Is technology making us more depressed?
• Do gender-neutral toys lead to children with less stereotypical views of gender roles?
• Can music help ease the effects of Dementia?
• What are the long term effects of bullying?
• Can studying people’s behaviours pre-suicide help prevent suicide?
• Should crime-predicting algorithms be banned for their bias?
• A study of the effects of living in an overcrowded household during Covid-19 lockdown.
• Do memories alter when we recall them?
• How does intergenerational trauma effect cortisol levels?
• Do the negative affects of racism begin in the womb?
• What can Savant Syndrome tell us about the multi-faceted nature of intelligence?
• Do all humans have some level of body dysmorphia?

EPQ ideas for Law

• Should defendants be allowed to represent themselves?
• Is the internet an ungovernable wilderness when it comes to Law?
• Why secret trials are a form of abuse
• Should CCTV be made illegal?
• Is the use of juries inevitably flawed when it comes to reaching a just verdict?
• Should mass media be banned from high profile investigations?
• Should we replace juries with AI-powered robots?
• Should Donald Trump go to prison?
• Could the police be classed as a gang in America?
• How we can stop criminalising victims of sex trafficking.
• Should we bring back the death penalty?
• How much should a child’s desire to live with one parent or another affect the court’s decision?
• Should people who see child abuse but don’t report it be subject to the law?
• Should male partners sue their female partners for abortion?
• Should organ donation be mandatory for everyone?
• When should one country legally intervene in another, when it comes to human rights abuses?
• Should marriage be banned until the age of 21?
• Should lie detector results be legalised in UK courts?
• Could the government be legally obliged to pay women for their unpaid labour that contributes to the economy?
• If embryos are capable of feelings and sensations, should abortion be forbidden at any stage?
• Should minors trafficked to the UK from a dangerous country or situation be given immediate residency?
• Could euthanasia be legalised, whether or not someone is critically ill and close to death?
• Should parents be legally obliged to leave money to their children?
• Should the inheritance tax be abolished?
• Should people with dual citizenship automatically receive diplomatic protection from both countries?

Students interested in becoming a lawyer should consider studying at one of our Law Summer Schools on campus at top UK and US universities.

EPQ ideas for primary school teaching

• Should boys receive exclusive lessons on feminism in primary school?
• How can we teach primary school students about internet safety?
• How can we teach primary school students about their rights over their own bodies?
• Is the way we teach obesity in school harmful to overweight or obese children?
• Is the Education system indoctrinating students?
• The importance of girls in primary school having role models in STEM.
• Why banning mobile phones in school does more harm than good.
• Why our education system fails to pick up students with dyspraxia.
• Why we should allow students to move around the classroom as they learn.
• Is the Montessori childrearing method of any use in mainstream primary school?
• Should every school have access to a Forest School?
• Why primary schools should teach skills such as cooking and home management to every child.
• Are school uniforms too institutionalising for children?
• Should school uniforms be enforced as a way of giving children routine?
• The importance of failing well.
• Should school be only three days a week?
• Should children be able to choose what subjects they want to study at any time?
• How exams unfairly disadvantage girls in primary school.
• Should we abolish sets in primary school?
• How can we teach healthy eating to children?
• How can we teach anti-racism to primary school students?
• A study of anxiety disorders in primary school students due to Covid-19.
• How the education system can better accommodate students with high-functioning autism.
• Why we need a better understanding of selective mutism in primary school.
• Should primary schools in the UK become bilingual to enhance language learning?

EPQ ideas for Secondary School Teaching

• Should school start and end later for teenagers?
• Why students should never have to ask to go the bathroom.
• Could a four day school week improve mental health among secondary school students?
• Is the secondary school curriculum creative enough?
• Why we should be teaching healthy communication to secondary school students.
• Should parents be allowed to choose for their children not to receive sex education?
• Should sports be compulsory at secondary school?
• When does strict teaching become bullying?
• Should modern languages be compulsory at secondary school?
• Could Pathological Demand Avoidance explain why students who are bright aren’t meeting their potential?
• Should we ban school uniform in secondary school?
• Should we decolonise the secondary school curriculum?
• Are their enough teachers of colour in secondary schools?
• What is the effect of divorce on a student’s learning and development?
• How to narrow the technology poverty gap among secondary school students.
• How to create educational support for looked-after children.
• How does having less money than your peers affect your identity as a secondary school student?
• The effects of overcrowded and poor housing on educational attainment.
• The effects of homelessness and insecure housing on educational attainment.
• What effect does the assessment and exam structure in UK schools have on students’ mental health?
• Are exams an unfair form of assessment for students with a specific learning difficulty like dyslexia or dyspraxia?
• How does ADHD link to cleverness and giftedness in students?
• Is our method of diagnosing autism in students informed enough?
• How can we tackle perfectionism and fear of failure in female students?
• Do exams unfairly advantage boys, and why?

EPQ ideas for Biology

• Why we don’t have enough evidence for evolution.
• Is Covid-19 more deadly than Ebola?
• Are animals as intelligent as humans?
• Is abortion murder?
• Is homosexuality genetic or social?
• What can the oldest living creature on earth teach us about biological immortality?
• Does incest always create biological issues?
• The use of parasites in weight loss attempts
• How long would it take you to die if you ate the same thing and nothing else for years?
• What causes diseases in trees?
• Could we ever grow food on walls?
• If your spouse died, what would the ethical implications be of cloning them?
• A study on identity crises in identical twins.
• Is obesity a genetic issue?
• How does sepsis attack the body?
• Will artificial hearts ever be a viable solution to chronic heart problems?
• Could brain transplants ever be a viable option?
• How do certain drugs affect cellular interactions?
• A study of courting behaviours in different species.
• How did different cellular mechanisms regulate different physiological processes?
• Is obesity a modern phenomenon?
• Can gene therapy cure Cystic Fibrosis?
• Can gut microbiota influence host appetite?
• What is the impact of invasive species on ecosystems?
• What is the biology of laughter?

EPQ Ideas for History

• Why poor dental hygiene in the middle ages was a myth.
• Was the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Justified?
• Is it right to topple the statues of slave owners, in order to erase history?
• Who does history belong to?
• Why did the USA join World War Two so late?
• How have male and female romantic relationships changed over time?
• How has the role of marriage changed over time?
• Should a country be allowed to teach its own history?
• How did the British Empire expand so much?
• Should museums return all their historical artefacts to their country of origin?
• Were the Suffragettes the biggest force in women getting the vote?
• Is religious warfare ever Justified?
• How medieval fashion influences our outfits today
• Was Anne Boleyn the main reason that Henry VII left the Catholic church?
• Did Henry VII suffer from a genetic disease that prevented him from conceiving healthy children?
• Why do we hold on to so many myths in History?
• A study of propaganda in History textbooks in UK history.
• Why is History important to the future?
• To what extent did the purchase of commissions affect the fighting power of the British army between 1760-1860?
• What is the validity of historical fiction and romance?
• How did secret churches operate in Mao’s China?
• How did 19th Century attitudes towards madness affect society’s treatment of ‘hysterical’ women?
• What is the holocaust’s relationship with literature?
• Were the liquidators who helped clean up the Chernobyl explosion used as human collateral?
• How did the pill help women’s liberation?

EPQ Ideas For Economics

• From an economic perspective, should we legalise human organ trade?
• Can an increase of wealth directly influence happiness levels?
• Could stock analysts be replaced by artificial intelligence?
• How do socio-economic factors determine someone’s health in adulthood?
• Who is to blame for the 2008 financial crisis?
• Is illicit trade with China the only factor preventing the North Korean economy from total collapse?
• How would we recover economically if the internet ceased to exist?
• How did the 2008 financial crisis make house buying impossible for the majority of millennials?
• Is the poverty trap impossible to get out of?
• Can we compare the trickle-down economy to a pyramid scheme?
• Does a lack of wealth in childhood really hold you back in life?
• Is the gig economy leading to job insecurity a myth?
• To what extent does women’s unpaid labour prop up the UK economy?
• How has Brexit affected the UK economy?
• Should we legalise a Universal Basic Income?
• How quickly did the UK economy recover from the effects of World War Two?
• Are all socialist economies doomed to fail?
• How would the legalisation of Marijuana affect the world economy?
• How does a lack of free speech negatively affect China’s economy?
• Should there be a minimum wage?
• Should there be a maximum wage?
• Should billionaires be allowed to exist?
• How has the global demand for oil changed over time?
• What effect does illegal immigration have on the UK economy?
• Why a lack of childcare support for women hurts the economy.

EPQ Ideas for Business Studies

• Should businesses expanding to developing countries be forced to pay their employees the same amount they would at home?
• What does Foxconn show about the human cost of business?
• How should we hold businesses to account for unethical behaviour?
• Should we have a single, global currency?
• How can companies become more eco-friendly?
• Should we lower the corporate income tax?
• Will Google kill the journalism industry?
• Why apprenticeships should pay more
• Why every business leader should take a course in empathy.
• How successful is it when businesses rebrand?
• Should companies interfere in their employees’ private lives?
• How churches like Hillsong became multi-million pound businesses.
• Should CEOs have a salary limit?
• Is the American government a big business?
• How has e-commerce affected bookshops?
• Does corporate social responsibility have an impact on company sales and profits?
• A study of businesswomen in the 18th Century
• When do business marketing practices become unethical?
• Should multi-million pound businesses have taken advantage of the government’s furlough scheme during the Covid-19 lockdown?
• How do corporations influence politics?
• Should a business ever own a town or city?
• Start your own small business – perhaps on eBay or Etsy – and write your EPQ on an aspect of it.
• Should private healthcare be allowed to exist?
• Could marketing be considered a mass human experiment?
• To what extent does colour effect audience response to branding and logos?

If you want to study economics, business or marketing to a higher level, consider joining Oxford Royale this summer for a Business Summer School .

EPQ Ideas for English Literature

• The evil stepmothers in fairy tales were actually mothers in the original texts. What does this tell us about society’s anxieties and perspectives on motherhood?
• To what extent is the state of Gilead in The Handmaid’s Tale based on real life?
• Is writing an act of magic?
• Can works of literature oppress their fictional, female characters?
• Can the mistranslation of literature create a liminal world – a place that is not quite one thing and not quite another?
• What does the rise of the digital book teach us about literature?
• Can we ever ‘eat’ literature?
• Do you need to be able to read and write to be an author?
• Are stories living things?
• Discuss the gender politics in George Eliot’s Middlemarch.
• How is the sensory experience of dyslexia presented in literature?
• Is English Literature considered a ‘feminine’ subject?
• As an English student, is it your job to always work out what an author means?
• Is the author dead?
• Could journalists be replaced by AI-reporters?
• Do we need to overhaul the literary canon?
• Do we really need spelling and punctuation in literature?
• Should mass media be allowed to be biased?
• How helpful is the idea of literary genres to understanding a text?
• How George Orwell hid his dissenting view of communism in Animal Farm.
• Why learning to read is a human right.
• Can a novel ever be timeless?
• Does literary form exist just so that writers can subvert it?
• Is rhythm in a poem a separate language?
• Explore Plath’s portrayal of depression in The Bell Jar.

EPQ ideas for Art

• Should Banksy be allowed to graffiti on walls?
• Who decides the value of art, and should we standardise it?
• Has photography always been a form of art?
• To what extent is mathematics art?
• Why do people consider art to be an easy subject?
• Can art reverse the effects of mental illness?
• Can anything be art?
• Is all graffiti a form of art?
• Why the common perception of medieval people being bad at art is misguided.
• How does the commercialisation of the art industry change art itself?
• How does the perception of a career in art as worthless affect the life choices of students?
• Does an audience’s gaze change a piece of art?
• Are art and beauty essentially related?
• Is art supposed to be a visual and sensory experience, or something that we think about and define a meaning for?
• Who decides that a piece of art is ‘good’?
• Does art have a purpose?
• Can art help fight climate change?
• Why does it matter that children are exposed to art?
• What is the effect of producing art on a child’s brain?
• If nobody ever saw your artwork, would it be worth creating?
• Does a piece of art necessarily have a relationship with its creator, or can it detach itself?
• Is art a language?
• What does the disdain for modern art teach us about people’s stereotypes of art?
• Are philosophers artists?
• Could the world itself count as a work of art?

EPQ Ideas for Foreign Languages

• Where did language come from?
• Do idioms prove that languages can never truly be translated?
• Is body language universal across all countries?
• Should everyone be made to learn sign language?
• Why did Esperanto fail as a language policy?
• Which is the hardest language to learn and why?
• Do multi-lingual children grow up to be more economically successful?
• Why does having dyspraxia make language learning difficult?
• Should the whole world be made to speak one language?
• How does an influx of immigration alter the language of a region?
• What is the effect of trading on local dialects?
• Should everyone be made to learn a foreign language at school?
• What does the Korean language, when compared in North and South Korea, teach us about the evolution of language?
• Is there such a thing as a ‘correct’ way of speaking a language, when languages never stop evolving with culture?
• Could a language be classed as a living thing?
• Why is English such a dominant language across the world?
• Is Latin a dead language?
• What caused the English language to evolve so drastically over time?
• What is the hardest language to learn, and why?
• What does baby-talk in different foreign countries teach us about the acquisition of language?
• Why does China have several dialects, but only one alphabet?
• Did grammar always exist?
• What is the link between being good at maths and being good at language learning?
• Why are young children such natural language learners?
• Is learning a language cultural appropriation?

EPQ Ideas for Sport

• How sports stars experience an identity crisis after they retire
• Should soldiers be paid more than footballers?
• How do psychological factors influence performance in sport?
• What do fans react to their team winning a football match as though they won it themselves?
• Are national and international sports a misuse of resources?
• How does struggling with sports in primary school affect children’s self esteem?
• Should women be allowed to compete against men in professional sports?
• Is the ability to run fast purely a genetic advantage?
• Why do we fail to take women’s sports seriously as a society?
• Should children be forced to do sports in school?
• How can the presence of media affect the outcome of a game?
• Should referees be replaced by AI-powered robots, to decrease bias?
• How does a lack of female representation in sport prevent girls from seeking it out as a career?
• What is the effect of parents’ motivation a child’s enjoyment of sport?
• What are the long term effects of the Olympics on the host country’s tourism?
• How does a lack of ability at sports correlate to bullying?
• Why do we have less interest in women’s sports?
• A history of sport in pandemics
• How does a long-term sports injury affect an athlete’s mental health?
• Can a star athlete succeed without a coach?
• Should cheerleaders be banned?
• Is racism being taken seriously in sport?
• Can you still be a top athlete with a poor diet?
• Who decides when something is a sport?
• Why is netball predominantly considered to be a sport for women?

EPQ Ideas for Architecture

• How does the design of a building influence its inhabitants emotions?
• Should city-dwellers without gardens be given free access to national parks at all times?
• What is the link between Brutalist style architecture and anxiety and depression?
• What is the link between mathematics and art in Architecture?
• How is a building affected by the people who live in it?
• How does the style of council housing feed into class stereotypes?
• Can architecture cause social dysfunction?
• Would smart cities be a breach of privacy?
• Could we create a building the size of a city, to house an entire population?
• Make an architectural model of a zero-carbon home and write an essay describing how its functions avoid the use of carbon.
• Should the local government have the right to pull down a building if the community who live there oppose it?
• Is it ethical to spend millions of pounds creating a building in a city with high levels of quality?
• Were houses built in the 1930s of superior quality?
• Should councils have been allowed to remove tenement dwellers from their homes in the post-war era, when the enforced move was traumatic?
• Can we adapt Japanese smart space efficient buildings to western buildings?
• What were the influences on architecture in China?
• How did communism during Mao’s China change the country’s cityscapes?
• How can we build environmentally-friendly housing in LEDCs?
• Can zero carbon housing ever really exist?
• Should public playgrounds exist for people of every age?
• Was Grenfell tower a total architectural failure?
• What house styles in different areas tell us about gender forms of the time.
• How does technology affect architecture?
• What was the effect of feminism on architecture?
• Should houses worth over a million pounds be built with some benefit to the whole neighbourhood?

Join our Oxford Architecture Summer School for the chance to learn architecture amongst the dreaming spires of the city of Oxford.

EPQ ideas for Maths

• Is the golden ratio a racist idea?
• What is the maths behind cryptocurrencies?
• What are the links between foreign language learning and maths?
• What are the links between mathematics and art?
• Has maths always existed?
• How can we use statistical analysis to predict a child’s outcomes in life?
• Should children be forced to take maths at A-Level in the UK?
• Should maths be optional at secondary school in the UK?
• Why do some people say that maths is beautiful?
• Does money really exist?
• An exploration of chaos theory.
• Can maths explain how the universe came into existence?
• How can calculations improve the safety of commuters who cycle in Oxford over the next 5 years?
• Explore conflict and co-operation in The Prisoner’s Dilemma.
• Which is more important, e or pi?
• Can we calculate infinity?
• An exploration of orbital mechanics.
• Is maths a pointless subject if we don’t apply it to something?
• Is learning Maths more important than learning English in primary school?
• What was the role of maths in the code-breaking of Bletchley Park?
• How do fractals work in modelling systems?
• Can we reverse dyscalculia?
• Can mathematical systems ever be illogical?
• Did people discover maths?
• Could maths ever prove the existence of a parallel universe?

Those keen on studying maths in the heart of the silicon valley can join our Mathematics programme for 15-18 year olds on campus at our Berkeley Summer School in 2024.

EPQ ideas for Physics

• How does String Theory explain the universe?
• How can physics help us prevent climate change?
• What is the relationships between maths and physics?
• What was the role of Mileva Maric Einstein, Albert Einstein’s wife, in his scientific findings?
• Build a quadcopter with remote control.
• How can emergency whistles be optimised for design and use in rural environments?
• What would happen to the solar system when the sun dies?
• How can physics help us provide electricity to parts of rural India?
• Is time an illusion?
• Discuss the different interpretations of quantum mechanics.
• Could humans ever live on Mars?
• Design and build a functioning robot.
• How soon will we have flying cars?
• What are some feasible methods for cleaning up space junk?
• Where did the universe come from?
• How can physics prove the existence of God?
• How did Einstein’s theory of relativity influence Physics?
• Now that NASA has confirmed there is water on the moon, could it be a feasible tourist destination?
• Given their devastating effects, should we eliminate nuclear weapons from the earth?
• What contributed to the Cleddau bridge disaster?
• How can we solve the pay gap in the field of physics?
• A study of star formation and star death.
• Is time travel possible?
• How far can humans realistically explore space?
• Mathematical knot theory and its applications.

EPQ ideas for Chemistry

• What was the impact of optical isomerism in the drug Thalidomide, which led to fetal abnormalities?
• An assessment of the safety of fluoride in water.
• To what extent did the government in Louisiana cover up the danger of the petrochemical plants in Louisiana’s ‘cancer alley’?
• Should Aspartame (E951) be allowed in our food and drink?
• When do chemicals become hallucinogens?
• An assessment of hydrogen storage within Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs).
• An extraction of limonene from citrus fruits.
• Make a collection of esters that smell pleasant.
• Will graphene have a significant influence on the future?
• To what extent have inventions in Chemical Engineering impacted our lives?
• As assessment of the total synthesis of natural products.
• An experiment in polymer chemistry.
• An assessment of molecular dynamics
• An assessment of solid state structure
• Could we ever create a plastic that decomposes?
• A research project on hydrogen fuel cells
• Why doesn’t plastic decompose?
• What are the chemical processes behind purifying water?
• An exploration of the chemistry behind food allergies in humans?
• What are the chemicals involved in human attraction?
• How does cortisol affect the human body?
• Should pesticides be ethically permissible?
• What are the advantages of computer aided fragment based drug design?
• How can click chemistry be used to improve drug synthesis?
• How has the discovery of pharmaceutical chemicals changed over the past 200 years?

EPQ ideas for Engineering

• Should we teach Engineering in primary school?
• Why is there a gender imbalance in Engineering, and how can we fix it?
• Is there an oversaturation of engineers in India, and if so, why?
• Was everything in the world built by an engineer?
• Do we need to expand our definition of engineer?
• Can Engineering solve the mystery of Malaysian Airlines flight 370?
• Can Engineering explain the disappearance of Emilia Earhart?
• Did Engineering faults contribute to the sinking of the titanic.
• Build your own model plane, boat or high altitude balloon.
• Could hot air balloons become a mainstream method of travel?
• Discuss the hydraulics paradox.
• How have innovations in airframe design increased safety in commercial aircraft?
• How do architects and engineers collaborate?
• Should we be allowed to develop robots that can mimic human emotion?
• What would it mean for an engineer to be ethical when building something?
• How has Civil Engineering changed over time?
• How can chemical engineers improve energy efficiency?
• How could alterations in chemical Engineering have prevented the Deepwater Horizon oil spill?
• As assessment of the sustainability of London’s tube system.
• How much of our countryside should we sacrifice for better transport links?
• Will we have enough oil for future generations?
• Would energy provided entirely by a wind farm system run the UK economy?
• What are the reasons for the pay gap in Engineering, and how can we solve them?
• How can we get pre-school children interested in Engineering?
• Design a system to enhance plastic recycling.

Prospective engineers can join our Engineering Summer Schools for a two-week immersion in the core principles of the subject.

EPQ ideas for Computer Science

• Why we should teach children how to code at the same time we teach them to write.
• Create a website design and code it.
• Is one coding language superior to another?
• How can we reduce computer illiteracy in poorer areas?
• Why internet access is a human right.
• Are AI-driven robots responsible for their own actions?
• Are Ai-assessed job interviews inevitably biased?
• How soon will handwriting become totally irrelevant?
• Are companies upskilling fast enough to cope with the digital demands of Covid-19?
• It’s more important to learn to code than to learn to write
• Is Computer Science a more relevant subject than Physics?
• How will quantum computers change our way of life?
• Should silicon valley companies be criminalised for our widespread addiction to technology?
• What would happen if all technology was wiped out?
• Will we ever be able to search Google through a microchip in our brains?
• What new jobs will Ai create in the next ten years?
• What is increased automation doing to our jobs?
• Develop your own game.
• Should we allow AI-writing assistants like Grammarly to change the way we express ourselves?
• What are the positive effects of machine learning on healthcare?
• How does AI differ from human intelligence?
• Is it ethical to use social care robots to alleviate loneliness?
• Is it ethical to create an app which offers you an AI friend?
• What is the most efficient way to track down cyber criminals?
• How do cyber criminals cover their tracks on the internet?

EPQ ideas for Ethics

• Should people be able to sue their parents for bringing them into the world?
• Do men automatically have the right to be present at their child’s birth?
• Should we be allowed to dispose of spare embryos in IVF?
• Should we be allowed to use embryos for stem cell research?
• Should machines with AI have their own rights?
• Are Siri and Alexa slaves?
• Should we be allowed to mix human and animal DNA?
• Should we be allowed to clone humans?
• Do we have the right to experiment on animals?
• Do we have the right to visit other planets and the moon?
• Should a father have rights over an unborn child?
• Should there be an assessment process before people have children?
• Is sterilisation unethical in every circumstance?
• Should we be allowed to cuddle babies if they can’t give verbal consent?
• Should an embryo have protected rights under the law?
• Do we have the right to prevent someone from committing suicide?
• The disturbing eugenics around birth control
• Should parents be allowed to edit out genetic conditions before a child’s birth?
• Should testing fetuses for Down’s Syndrome be legal?
• Are our moral decisions innate or socially conditioned?
• Should we have the right to decide when life begins?
• If you need a heart transplant and you’re hoping for a heart, does that mean you’re hoping for someone else to die?
• Should we put a limit on the number of children people have?
• Does the means justify the end?

EPQ ideas for Politics

• Why has the USA never had a female president?
• If we colonised Mars, who would govern it?
• Has Great Britain lost its status as a world power?
• Are the government’s counter-terror policies effective?
• Is it acceptable to teach British values in primary schools?
• How does nepotism negatively affect politics?
• How has Donald Trump changed politics?
• Should there be universal freedom of information?
• Why did Brexit happen?
• What are the dangerous effects of conspiracy theories like Q-Anon on the public?
• Should it be illegal to publicly shame politicians?
• Will there ever be a viable mid-ground between socialism and capitalism?
• Would global governance be a better policy than individual governments?
• How are female politicians and prime ministers perceived?
• Should there be freedom of speech at all costs?
• Should countries be allowed to ban religion?
• An assessment of the case for anarchy.
• Should the UK’s land belong to everyone?
• An analysis of political cartoons in the UK
• Should everyone have to vote by law?
• Should politics be taught in primary school?
• Should everyone be made to take politics in secondary school?
• Should National Service be mandatory in Singapore?
• How did the war on drugs affect inner city US communities?
• How was Twitter revolutionised politics?

Sociology EPQ ideas

• How can we reverse stereotypes over drug use and misuse in different communities?
• What is the impact of the media on our perception of women from Muslim communities?
• Evaluate Marx’s account on the origins of the industrial revolution in Britain?
• Is it fair for today’s feminists to criticise the lack of gender commentary in classical sociology?
• How do human ideas, customs and behaviour come together to make culture?
• How do gender, class, race and sexuality affect us and our social relations today?
• A study of the effects of polyamorous family settings on children.
• Have sociologists neglected emotion in their studies of human behaviour?
• Do emotions come from society, or from within us?
• How do different models of socialisation affect children?
• Are eating disorders a social phenomenon?
• Should we ban face-altering apps?
• Should teenage pregnancy be so vilified?
• Can upbringing create a narcissist?
• Is perfectionism more prevalent in girls than boys, and how does that relate to the way we socialise either gender?
• Should we ban gendered toys?
• How can we assuage the social causes of substance abuse?
• An exploration of the sociology of food.
• Is it right to try and get someone out of a cult?
• How racial segregation in cities enforces poverty, and prevents upward mobility.
• What is the relationship between race and class?
• The effects of interracial marriage in the 1950s.
• The cultural diaspora of mixed race children.
• How Disney made princesses key role models for girls.
• Should weddings have to be registered to be legal?

EPQ ideas for Geography

• How did Hurricane Catrina change the New Orleans community?
• Is there such a thing as collective trauma after a natural disaster?
• Does the earth belong more to humans than animals?
• To what extent should be allow deforestation?
• A study on how we will survive and adapt to climate change in 3020.
• Does the way we categorise developing countries increase stereotypes?
• How have the demand for super-crops impacted the agricultural systems in the countries where we grow them?
• Should companies be allowed to expand to developing countries if they won’t pay workers the same wage as at home?
• How does tourism affect a country’s culture?
• Should all new houses be built with solar panels?
• How can we reduce the effects of coastal erosion?
• How has global warming changed the world’s physical features?
• What are the socio-economic and political implications of migration policies for the UK?
• Should borders between countries exist?
• Are countries doing enough to meet their MDG targets?
• Can a country ever become fully developed?
• How does living as an illegal immigrant affect mental and physical health?
• To what extent is global warming caused by human beings?
• Was the civil war in Syria caused by climatic factors?
• Could the National Geographic be considered exploitative?
• A comparison of two earthquakes in different decades. to observe how advances in technology have impacted responses.
• How does climate change affect different biomes and ecosystems around the world?
• What are the environmental and social impacts of natural gas fracking?
• A prototype for the generation of sustainable energy.
• The effects of littering on marine health.

EPQ ideas for Religious Studies

• Why materialism can’t disprove the existence of God.
• Why science and religion are part of the same entity.
• Paley provides the best argument to issues surrounding the existence of God.
• To what extent can Freud’s view of religion and God be said to be accurate?
• Is C.S Lewis’ claim that atheism is weaker than theism correct?
• Is the belief in nothing still a belief?
• Can we reach God through the via negativa?
• Is atheism just ignorance?
• Can we prove that the universe exists outside our mind?
• Is the Catholic catechism biblical truth?
• How did the history of the church shape our society today?
• Should Religious Studies be compulsory in primary school?
• The existence of life on earth is evidence of the existence of a higher being.
• How do you explain the goodness of God in the light of the world’s evil?
• What are the boundaries between a cult and a religion?
• Should the church always be subject to the government?
• Should the Queen be head of the protestant church?
• Should the church form its own political party?
• Are expensive religious buildings insensitive to those living in poverty?
• Does baptising a baby save its soul?
• Should politicians interfere in religious conflicts?
• Is religion nothing more than a comfort blanket against death?
• Can you ever justify taking a life?
• Is religion the same as morality?
• Is religion just a set of rules disguised as something greater?

So, there you have it. 600 EPQ ideas to enhance your passion and imagination for this exciting qualification. Now get ready to kickstart your academic future with an amazing EPQ idea of your own. Don’t forget to fill out that activity log as you go along!

1400+ EPQ Ideas That Guarantee An A* (For Each Subject)

In A-Level by Think Student Editor February 21, 2019 45 Comments

Disclaimer: These EPQ ideas are only here to inspire you and (hopefully) help point you in the right direction.

When creating this list, we researched all over the web to see what EPQ ideas people had in the past. We added the EPQ ideas, that we thought were suitable, to the list. However, many of these EPQ ideas were thought up by fellow students for the purpose of this article.

Anyway, we hope you find inspiration from at least one of the EPQ ideas below.

Table of Contents

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Medicine

1. do care homes provide adequate care to dementia patients.

This extended project idea is a fantastic one to explore if you are interested in the support networks that are available across the United Kingdom for patients that can’t look after themselves independently due to factors outside of their control (such as dementia). If you decide to pick an idea surrounding dementia, it is important to know a wide range of facts about the condition. Due to this, a helpful book on dementia might be worth reading  ( personal recommendation here). 

2. The ethical issues surrounding stem cell research

Stem cell treatment has been on the rise ever since its initial development. Along with the rise of stem cell treatment usage, a rise in ethical questions surrounding the practise has accompanied it. Below are some example of questions that could be discussed if you were inspired by this project idea:

• Is it right to destroy human embryos in order to harvest stem cells?
• If life doesn’t begin at contraception, does that make stem cell research more ethical?
• If stem cell research becomes highly effective, should we still research alternative treatments that don’t have ethical doubts?

If you want more information surrounding stem cells and their use in treatments,  take a look at this book.

3. Should self-inflicted illnesses be treated by the NHS?

There are so many different aspects that you could talk about when it comes to this EPQ idea, as there are so many unique situations that can be discussed. An interesting angle for this idea would be how the NHS would differentiate self-inflicted physical illnesses and mental illnesses – these two overlap heavily, therefore they would make for a really interesting talking point.

Another topic that could be discussed is the physical effects of mental depression on an individual. If you’re interested,  take a look at this book that talks about depression in significantly more detail.

4. How much should doctors and nurses be paid?

Many people would argue that doctors and nurses belong in the most important profession group there is – with the people who disagree with that, still thinking that they are extremely important to the operation of our society. Although there is wide spread agreement on how important doctors and nurses are, not many people agree on how much they should be paid for their work.

The disagreement, when it comes to medical worker’ pay, makes this idea an interesting and somewhat controversial point of discussion for your extended project.

5. At what point does gene editing become unethical?

With medical advancements becoming significantly more prevalent in modern day society, ethical issues are needing to be considered. Some scientific and medical experts are considered to be “narrow-minded” and too focused on their field, which many believe leaves them in a position where they perhaps overlook the ethical considerations surrounding their line of research.

Gene editing is one such area of contention, where people can find themselves feeling uncomfortable with the idea of modifying naturally-produced genes. CRISPR-Cas9 is a recent method used when performing gene alterations and if you decide to complete an EPQ project, based on gene modifications, an understanding of CRISPR and the Cas9 protein is essential. Some useful resources surrounding CRISPR-Cas9 are listed below:

• LiveScience – What is CRISPR?
• Amazon.co.uk – Gene-Edited Babies
• Amazon.co.uk – The Power of CRISPR

6. Is mass-cloning of livestock a good idea?

The financial potential of mass-cloning in the agriculture sector is massive and that is exactly why the idea of it has manifested into a reality. There is so much to talk about when it comes to not only the draw backs of mass-cloning, but also the advantages. I recommend that you take a look at  this book by Joseph Panno,  which explores the history of animal cloning, the experiments undertaken and the potential impact of the artificial development of the process.

7. Should we use medication to treat mental health problems or focus on other forms of treatment?

Relying on medication to control emotions is a problem and it is definitely not the correct method, if used in isolation. That being said, medication usage, with proper supervision, can be unbelievably effective in temporarily tough situations.

If choosing an EPQ that matches the theme of this idea, some medication that you could discuss are listed below  (more can be found here):

• Escitalopram
• Fluvoxamine

Alternatively, below are some treatments that do not require prescription drug usage:

• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
• Diet and Nutritional Input

8. Should animal testing, in regards to medications, be allowed?

The contributions of animals to the medical field have been monumental in the development of vaccines, treatments and cures. However, just because animal usage increases human safety and trial effectiveness, does that necessarily mean it should be allowed?

The book named  Animal Testing (Debating the Issues) by Gail Terp  discusses many views points surrounding the issue of animal testing.  Providing you don’t plagiarise any of his arguments or viewpoints,  it can be a really helpful resource for you when completing your EPQ.

9. Why is asthma raging out of control?

7.7% of American adults have asthma  according to a CDC study.  This means that asthma is extremely widespread and impacts millions of people each year. In addition to this,  asthma has been on the rise since the 1980s in all demographics.

In your extend project essay, you could discuss the factors that have contributed to asthma’s rise and you could even go as far to make projections as to when the “asthma curve” will plateau.

10. Could there ever be any viable medications for obesity?

Obesity is often the result of a lack of exercise, usually combined with an uncontrolled diet. However, obesity can also be complicated by factors out of someone’s control. These factors could include an underlying physical condition.

In these cases, where an underlying condition is causing obesity-related problems, could medication to treat that condition subsequently fix the obesity itself? If so, in your EPQ, you could discuss the factors that can cause obesity and which ones could benefit from either current or future medications.

11 – 70 Additional Extended Project Qualification Ideas

11. How should we define health and disease? 12. Is euthanasia ever appropriate and why? 13. How do abortion treatments affect the mind and body? 14. How often does overdiagnosis occur and what are the effects of it? 15. How effective are home remedies compared with pharmaceutical drugs? 16. How long will it be before our antibiotics stop working and what effect will this have? 17. How much is unnecessary healthcare costing the NHS? 18. What’s to stop another disaster such as the thalidomide scandal happening again? 19. Are the consequences of breaking patient confidentiality severe enough? 20. Should pharmaceutical companies be privately owned? 21. Are nurses and doctors trained appropriately for emergency situations? 22. Would the increased use of technology in hospitals reduce medical mistakes? 23. Are prejudice and racism affecting the performance of the NHS? 24. Who is to blame for the lack of knowledge in personal health across the UK? 25. How is our food supply chain affecting the effectiveness of antibiotics? 26. Is the UK healthcare system prepared for a pandemic? 27. How has medical error become so common in healthcare? 28. Medicinal marijuana and its effect on the brain and body. 29. Is addiction to painkillers properly managed by the NHS? 30. Why are so many people unaware of how common drugs work? 31. The ethics surrounding human experiments and trials. 32. Is bioprinting the future of organ transplants? 33. Were doctors responsible for the opioid epidemic? 34. What are the elements of nanotechnology and is it helpful in treating cancer? 35. The impact financial resources have on the NHS and its treatment success. 36. The role of antidepressants in treating depression. 37. Should homeless people have a right to free medical treatment? 38. Should heroin addicts be administered injections to recover from their substance abuse? 39. What role does the World Health Organisation (WHO) play in combating epidemics? 40. Can people with different ethnicities be affected differently by the exact same disease? 41. What are the steps taken when developing a new vaccine? 42. How does smoking influence the effectiveness of modern medicine? 43. Why does the NHS not have enough funding and are they spending their current funds inefficiently? 44. How to tell the difference between viral and bacterial infections. 45. What impact do support workers have on the NHS and what do they do? 46. Should junior doctors be trusted to carry out life-changing surgeries? 47. Are care homes run properly and should more detailed checks be carried out? 48. Is the main ingredient for a good healthcare system money? 49. Are our phones spreading colds, diseases, and cases of flu? 50. Is the mental health of doctors and nurses being taken seriously enough? 51. Should the NHS be privatised? 52. Does healthcare rely on technology too much? 53. Should vaccination be made compulsory? 54. Why is medical malpractice on the rise within the NHS? 55. Do clinical trials for new drugs take too long? 56. How have treatments for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s developed over time? 57. What effect does music have on the human brain? 58. Is a Vegan diet better for the human body? 59. Whose decision should it be to turn off life support for an ill baby? 60. What methods could be employed to completely eliminate Malaria? 61. Could there ever be a single cure for all cancers? 62. What really causes Alzheimer’s disease? 63. Could we ever stop ageing? 64. Is healthcare a human right? 65. Should medically assisted suicide be legal? 66. At what point does an embryo or foetus become alive? 67. How much control should doctors have over society’s choices? 68. Poliomyelitis and how it affects a sufferer within society 69. How big is the risk of someone waking up during a general anaesthesia? 70. How does long term stress affect your physical body?

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Psychology

1. is it ethical to use psychological ‘tricks’ to benefit the economy.

Psychology as a subject has a huge range of applications, and so it is important to consider where the uses of psychological ‘tricks’ are ethical and when they are not. There are plenty of ways that individuals can be manipulated to behave in certain ways, but should these be used in relation to the economy, or is it too unethical – even if it leads to overall benefits?

You may want to think about how psychology could be used:

• In marketing/advertising
• In persuading people to do essential things, such as paying bills

This idea gives you a wide range of things to think about and discuss, though you may want to get started by having a look at  this book about economic psychology.

2. How observations made by the trolley problem will become useful as self-driving cars are developed

The trolley problem is a well-known psychology experiment which has a huge ethical element. But how can it be applied to everyday situations? The development of self-driving cars is sparking many ethical debates, as well as concerns about safety.

A great idea for your project would be to consider how the trolley problem can be applied to the development of self-driving cars.

To get you started on this idea, you may want to consider the trolley problem in depth, and what the implications of the reaction to the problem are. Here is a  helpful book which might be able to get you started  on developing your answer to this question.

3. What goes on inside the brain of someone who is prejudiced?

Prejudice is a prevalent issue within society today, and understanding its causes in individuals, may enable us as a society to combat the issues that arise as a result of prejudice. This is an incredibly interesting area to look at, and would make for a great discussion in your EPQ.

Although prejudice is a very broad term, there are some books which may help you start thinking about your project, and one of my recommendations can be  found here . This is just a starting point, and may provide you with some insight into the research which you would like to find out more about in order to apply it to your question.

4. How someone’s brain changes when they are in love

Love is an ambiguous concept, and therefore understanding it, and the effect that it has on individuals is a very interesting subject to explore. You may find that love has an impact on the brain in a number of different contexts. Literature is available for different areas of this kind of research.

For example, you may be interested in studying the impact of love on the brain:

• In terms of romantic relationships
• In babies and infants

You apart from looking at published books, you may also be able to gain some insight into this topic from news articles, such as  this one . If a subject is of current interest and being covered in the news, it is likely that there will be more recent research for you to use in your project.

5. Why do some people combat depression by excessive eating?

Depression, its causes, and possible treatments are all topics of huge general interest at the moment. Researching the coping mechanisms of some individuals who are going through depression incorporates an interest in mental health issues with a current and relevant problem.

In more general terms, you may want to consider the impact that diet has on depression, and whether it should be emphasised to individuals who are suffering from depression. There are many books and research papers out there which may inspire your project, including:

• Anxiety & Depression: Eat Your Way to Better Health
• The Inflamed Mind

6. How the Asch Conformity experiment contributed to the field of Psychology

One of the key experiments in the psychological field is Asch’s conformity experiment. It has led to the development of new ideas in the field of social influence (i.e. conformity), and has also produced real-world knowledge and applications.

You may be interested in finding out about the wider implications of this research in the field of psychology, and there are a number of specific impacts which you could discuss in your work. There is already some literature out there which discusses classic studies such as these, and you may want to use them as a starting point for your own research.  This book  may be a good place to start.

7. Was John Money’s gender reassignment experiment unethical?

Ethics are an important part of psychology, and controversial research studies such as the one conducted by John Money are incredibly interesting to discuss (a summary of Money’s research can be  found here ).

Gender and its role in society and individuals’ lives is an incredibly relevant topic now and the implications of study such as this could have wide implications (if valid), but were the techniques used ethical? And could the findings be generalised to the wider population?

If you are interested in psychology, a project which demonstrates your understanding of ethics is something that will be incredibly useful.

8. How does child abuse affect someone’s mind later in life?

Child abuse is a very sensitive topic, and the impacts of it can be huge. Although this may be a difficult subject to investigate, it is incredibly important that we have an understanding of issues such as these.

Some of the areas which you may want to discuss include:

• The impact on future romantic and peer relationships
• The impact on having children of your own

You may also want to look into individual stories about abuse and its impacts, as well as the coping strategies that people use to make it possible for them to move forward in their lives as best as they can. An example of a story from a survivor can be found  here.

9. Would children with mild learning difficulties perform better if they weren’t told about their disadvantage?

This is a huge debate in psychology, and would be a really interesting topic to tackle in your EPQ. The impact of mild learning difficulties on the lives of individuals is something important that should be understood in detail.

The impact of a diagnosis could be huge, and there is a debate about whether individuals should be told about learning difficulty diagnoses if it does not impair them in their everyday lives. You may want to think about:

• In which scenarios is it not useful to give a diagnosis?
• Is it ethical to withhold a diagnosis, even if it may have a negative impact on the individual’s life?

10. Which parenting style is the best for a child’s future?

Every parent thinks that their parenting style is the most effective and beneficial for their children in the long term, but is there one way to raise children that is really the best for them?

This topic is great for an EPQ idea, as there are so many aspects which you could discuss. There is also a wide range of literature available out there to guide parents through parenting techniques, and you may want to take a look at these as a basis for evaluating techniques in terms of how effective they are. An example of useful literature could include  this book.

You may want to narrow down this topic by looking at specific techniques which are beneficial for one specific age group.

11. How do hallucinations affect the brain and its functions? 12. Borderline personality disorder – its elements and the methods used to treat it. 13. What psychological effects do animals have on the human brain? 14. The Stanford prison experiment and its effects on modern psychology. 15. Does spending more time within nature positively influence mental health? 16. How does being an only child impact social development? 17. Have the methods utilised by rehabilitation centres proven to be effective? 18. The effects of PTSD on family relationships. 19. How do diet and exercise affect the mind? 20. How necessary is social interaction for a human? 21. Should therapy be free for people who witness extraordinary violence? 22. How have suicide rates developed in the last century? 23. The elements and effects of Lyme disease on the brain. 24. What is the psychological impact of drinking alcohol? 25. Does premature birth always impact a child’s cognitive development? 26. Do parents’ expectations of their children affect their mental health? 27. Can you generalise the results of animal testing for humans? 28. How does the body repair itself after severe brain damage? 29. The detrimental effect of attachment issues on relationships. 30. What is the best experimental design for observing natural human behaviour? 31. What were Konrad Lorenz’s contributions to the field of psychology? 32. What are the implications of conditioning in psychology? 33. How did Albert Bandura’s studies aid the understanding of violence in children? 34. When do babies first start remembering and for what duration? 35. What factors influence the likelihood of getting dementia? 36. In what ways can you slow down the development of Parkinson’s? 37. What are the potential effects that vitamin deficiencies can have on a babies development within the womb? 38. How does ADHD arise in young children and what are the factors leading to it? 39. Schizophrenia and its impact on children. 40. Do genetics have a part to play in depression? 41. The ways concussion can have lasting effects on the brain’s functions. 42. Autism on a spectrum and its diagnosis. 43. How does connectivity within the brain affect the ability to learn new skills? 44. The ongoing effects of epilepsy on patients and their families. 45. How does the brain of someone with bipolar disorder work? 46. What are the complications involved in treating elderly patients with dementia? 47. Psychosis in children and its difficulties. 48. Is it possible for the brain to be in a complete state of concentration? 49. How does a hearing impairment impact balance and the brain? 50. How does the perception of colour occur and what effect does it have on our emotions? 51. What does someone’s non-verbal behaviour say about them? 52. How governments control a population’s behaviour on a massive scale. 53. What characteristics make someone a good leader? 54. How often do mental disorders stem from previously occurring physical disabilities? 55. To what extent could an obsession with a particular individual be classed as a mental illness? 56. The long-lasting effects of PTSD across Britain after World War 1. 57. Do we know what causes an addictive personality yet? 58. The impact of OCD on a sufferer within today’s society. 59. The advancements being made within the field of programmed consciousness. 60. The psychological effects loneliness can have on an individual. 61. What makes a child become a bully? 62. Does letting a child play violent games make them more aggressive? 63. What do someone’s dreams really say about them? 64. Why do people struggle so much to focus in the short term to achieve long term goals? 65. Why does the brain create false memories? 66. What makes a child antisocial? 67. Why do people have irrational phobias? 68. How someone’s social cognition develops over time 69. How does someone’s mind-set change as they get older? 70. What causes someone to be attracted to a particular person?

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Law

1. is capital punishment justified.

In 1955 the last women in the UK to ever be subject to capital punishment was hanged  (learn more here).  Since the abolishment of the death penalty, many have felt as if some criminals don’t face the same justice they did back in the day. However, is this thought process itself unjustified or does it have merit?

In your extended project, you could talk about so much to do with capital punishment. You could even go as far as to contrast how different countries have (and haven’t) abolished capital punishment over the years. If you decide to take on a capital punishment themed EPQ project,  this book by Simon Webb  may be useful in your research phase.

2. Is claiming insanity a loophole for criminals?

It is theorised that the association between someone with a mental illness and a someone who commits certain types of criminal activities is great. In short, crime can often be directly linked or indirectly associated with a particular mental illness.

However, would you just be cynical if you thought that some criminals use this fact as an excuse? How much merit is there in this particular accusation? If you are interested  take a look at this book on Amazon.co.uk,  regarding the relationship between mental illness and crime.

3. How does science help us solve crimes?

Forensic studies can be a fascinating field and a wide reaching one two, so why wouldn’t you write an EPQ essay about it? From DNA testing to old fashioned fingerprint recognition, there is so much you could discuss on the topic of crime and detection.

There really isn’t one particular avenue to go down with this idea, pick something you enjoy researching and writing about and go for it!

4. What are the most effective ways to lower the crime rate?

Crime is usually a topic commonly discussed at a localised level. The stories you hear about crime are usually related to a particular case or incident. However, an interesting EPQ could discuss the ways crime could be addressed at a national level, or even an international level.

Some methods that are used at a national level are as follows (all of these you could discuss in your essay):

• Reducing particular cash payment methods
• Increased background checks on specific purchases
• Enabling more transparency by use of various different disclosure schemes

A book you might find worth reading surrounding this topic  can be found here.

5. Which police interrogation method is most effective?

With lots of interrogations now being recorded, there is plenty of content out there for you to draw conclusions from, in relation to the methods used by state police during interrogations.

One angle here might be to discuss the efficacy of a particular questioning method, whilst contrasting it to how ethical said method is. Furthermore, you could also start to bring in other factors such as how difficult or easy the method is to perform. Afterall, it doesn’t matter if a certain interrogation method is 100% effective if no police officer can be trained to follow it out.   

6. What is the role of mass media during a high-profile investigation?

There is constant controversy when it comes to mass media. The height of media controversy was revealed to the public in 2016, where the “fake news” scandal hit the US and spread its wings internationally.

So, when it comes to investigations that are in the public eye, what effect does the media have on the following:

• The ability for an investigation to be carried out in a timely manor
• The outcome of an investigation
• The reliability of an investigation’s results

Fantastic books regarding the field of Criminology and the media are all over. If you find yourself wanting to go down the route of an EPQ relating to this idea, I highly recommend you find yourself a good book on the topic. An example of one such book  can be found here.

7. What special laws are there to control gangs and how do they work?

Gangs normally prop up into conversation when prisons are discussed, however, this is most definitely not the only place where gangs can form. Gangs often form in everyday society and only sometimes stretch out to prison systems.

Throughout an EPQ project, you could discuss how various different gangs have had impacts on different societies across the globe through history. After discussing the impact of gangs, I would recommend that you contrast the impacts before and after particular legislation was introduced. This way you could dive really deep into which laws worked and which ones didn’t and draw some very interesting conclusions on the best legislation to fight gang related crime.

8. The history of Scotland Yard

Scotland Yard (officially now, the New Scotland Yard), in contrast to the name, is responsible for most areas of Greater London. Not many people have significant knowledge surrounding the headquarters and it might make for a fascinating EPQ project to discuss the HQ’s impact over time.

9. How can the government undo previous wrongful convictions?

Wrongful convictions are not as rare as most people believe. In the US alone, it is estimated that between 2.3% and 5% of all prisoners currently incarcerated are innocent  (read more).  With such staggering margins of error, an evaluation on how justice systems wrongly convict innocents would be a very strong project idea.

When completing an EPQ project that discusses mischarges of justice, I believe that it would really helpful to have a bank of stories that are relatable to the idea of wrongful convictions. Due to this I personally recommend getting  this book off Amazon.co.uk.  This book is full of true stories of people who have been wrongly convicted.

10. How do international courts work and when are they used?

Not dissimilar to crime in general, courts are usually discussed on a local level. That said, international courts do exist and they can often be very, very confusing. A brief discussion on how they work would be enough to make up an entire EPQ project alone, however, putting it alongside a discussion on when they should be used would make it all the more interesting.

11. Should the UK be introducing more environmental laws? 12. Are our immigration laws sufficient? 13. Why do we still have useless and old laws that are not acted upon in today’s modern society? 14. Are the laws concerning evidence and procedures in a courtroom fair? 15. How does our legislation reflect the country’s moral principles? 16. Do legislators only pass laws for political reasons? 17. How is male rape treated differently to female rape in court? 18. How long should paternity leave be and is it a fair concept? 19. Is it possible to tamper with an employment contract? 20. At what point can law representatives intervene in family life and is there ever a justifiable reason to do this? 21. How do human rights differ in different countries? 22. How can a person’s incompetence be determined from a legal perspective? 23. Should laws be employed surrounding the area of tax avoidance? 24. To what extent is it possible to accidentally commit tax fraud? 25. Should there be limits on free speech? 26. Should voting be mandatory by law? 27. To what extent would bringing back the death penalty impact crime rate? 28. Should genetically modified food be banned under the law? 29. The blurred lines of Copyright law. 30. Should a law be introduced where all police encounters are recorded? 31. Should prenuptial agreements be more widely accepted? 32. Does modern technology aid the legal system or does it simply add unneeded complexity? 33. What should the age of criminal responsibility be, should it be different for certain crimes? 34. Should artificial intelligence be introduced into our legal system? 35. Is the hierarchy of the main civil courts the most effective way to run the legal system? 36. Are the rules regarding legal fees fair and just? 37. Have the laws successfully kept up with the times or is our current legal system outdated? 38. Should people be detained without bail before they stand trial? 39. In what circumstances should prisoners have the right to vote? 40. Is employment protection sufficient or does it need updating? 41. How do intellectual property rights affect the economy? 42. Are crimes actually enforceable? 43. What is the role of the legal system in preventing domestic violence? 44. To what extent should scientists influence the law? 45. How effective are the probation laws in the UK? 46. What effect has Brexit had on EU and UK laws? 47. How effective is the supreme court in carrying out its roles? 48. Are junior lawyers experienced enough to manage high-responsibility cases? 49. Data protection and its many faults. 50. How does the law determine what qualifies for negligence? 51. Which legal systems support refugees and how do these systems work? 52. The differences between the UK and US police forces. 53. To what extent do anti-gun laws infringe on people’s individual liberty? 54. Which methods are most effective at detecting whether or not a prison has been rejuvenated? 55. What is diplomatic immunity and why does it exist? 56. How are war crimes prosecuted? 57. At what age should children have access to the internet? 58. Is allowing women to work as front line police officers safe? 59. How can the misuse of power by the police force be dealt with effectively? 60. Should the seat belt law be removed in the UK? 61. How the internet has bred new forms of crime, such as revenge porn 62. Are the laws regarding cybercrime outdated? 63. Why can a single crime have so many different punishments? 64. How accurate are eyewitnesses to a crime? 65. How should we deal with false convictions? 66. Do police cameras violate people’s right to privacy? 67. Should prostitution be legal? 68. Where did the UK’s laws originate from? 69. Are anti-terrorism laws inflicting on people’s privacy rights? 70. How much would it economically benefit the UK to bring back the death penalty?

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Economics

1. how fair is the progressive income tax.

The first progressive income tax system was implemented in order to be fairer to each member of a country’s population, regardless of their income. From the moment the tax system was implemented, there have been widespread arguments about whether or not the system did what was intended.

The concept behind the progressive income tax system is that the more money someone makes, they higher the proportion of their income they should pay towards taxes. At least that is the idea. In reality, the proportionality of taxable income only increases in “wealth bands” which many people disagree with.

In your extended project, you could contrast the currently accepted progressive income tax system to a one of the below different tax systems:

• Regressive Tax System
• Flat Tax System

2.  Should there be a minimum wage?

National minimum wages were introduced to protect workers from getting underpaid in the workplace. A minimum wage, enforced by the government, requires every employer within a nation to pay above a certain hourly rate.

However, the concept of a minimum wage does not bring just advantages, it also can have its drawbacks. Some argue that a minimum wage can lead to unemployment and in certain cases, actually make no difference to the general population’s average wage.

If you are interested in exploring this EPQ idea,  take a look at this book on Amazon.co.uk.  It talks about the direct and indirect effects of the introduction of a minimum wage.

3. Why is inflation bad for the economy?

Inflation is something we all hear about on the news and we often don’t really have a full understanding of the economic term.

Before even considering this idea, you need to take a step back and learn what inflation is and how and why it fluctuates. Without a good understanding on the financial concept, you will struggle to draw up conclusion within your EPQ.

There are plenty of absolutely free resources on the internet that you can use to learn about inflation. Below, I have listed a few some fellow students found useful:

• Khan Academy

4. How has the UK’s economy developed over time?

With the height of the UK’s economic influence being during the British Empire, it would make for a fascinating project to explore how the UK economy changed before the Empire and since its collapse.

This is a massively broad topic as there are numerous aspects of the economy you could talk about, with each aspect having sub-aspects you could delve deep into. With this idea, it really is down to your economic preference.

5. What affect has Brexit had on the UK economy?

The Brexit vote took place in 2016 and the UK finally left the European Union in 2020. In the four years preceding the actual “divorce”, as many are calling it, the uncertainty alone had huge impacts on the UK economy. So, if just the thought of Brexit shuddered the economy, what will Brexit actually happening do to the economy?

Trade, diplomatic relations and finance are all topics you could discuss within an extended project. All of which promise to be just as controversial as the last. When completing an EPQ, make sure you are factual and try your best to be unbiased when analysing statistics.

6. What affect does illegal immigration have on the UK economy?

Immigration by itself seems to cause arguments over the dinner table, but illegal immigration is an entirely different ball game.

Many are sympathetic to illegal immigrant’s reasoning and feel that, as a country, we should be significantly more accepting of people from more challenging backgrounds. In direct contrast, some people feel as though everyone has an opportunity apply for citizenship legally and illegal immigrants should be treated with firm policy.

An interesting book by Elizabeth F. Cohen  talks about the American immigration system and its many failures. It may be worth a read, if you are considering this EPQ idea.

7. What affect does legal immigration have on theUKeconomy?

We’ve talked about illegal immigration, now let’s talk about legal immigration. Immigration is the foundation of many countries across the globe. Arguably the most powerful country in the world, the United States, was completely built up from immigrants.

If this is the case, why do so many people hate the idea of immigration and why are they often hostile to immigrants? After all, if they came to the country legally, what is the problem? Well, you could address all of those questions within your EPQ project!

8. How did the 2008 financial crisis affect the UK economy?

The 2008 crisis had wide reaching implications on economies across the globe. An essay on how different parts of the UK in particular suffered during the economic crisis may be interesting.

You could talk about the following economic statistics and how they changed:

• Unemployment rate
• Average household debt

9. The myth of “trickle down” economics

During the 2016 US presidential election, trickle-down economics was featured a few times more than once. The theory behind trick-down economics, is that when the wealthiest within a society acquire more wealth, they purchase products and this subsequently “trickles down” into the pockets of less wealthy Americans.

However, many believe that in practice the concept is a myth and rarely works. An EPQ project with an angle of “The Myth of Trickle-Down Economics” could be seriously interesting. Read more about trickle-down economics  here.

10. The effect trade tariffs have on associated countries

Trade tariffs and their place in the global economy is unknown to many people. So, an EPQ educating people on what they are and the effects they have could be really useful. Take a look at some of the questions you could address below:

• What are trade tariffs?
• Do trade tariffs benefit countries equally?
• Why is there so much controversy surrounding trade tariffs?

11. Does the UK have the financial ability to accommodate more immigrants? 12. How may a consumer’s preferences affect their decision to purchase a product? 13. How have monetary and fiscal policies changed in recent years? 14. What is the role of the financial markets in a world of uncertainty? 15. How helpful are SWOT and PESTLE analysis in the economic world? 16. Why might an economy experience disequilibrium? 17. How can Marx’s theories be applied to today’s economies? 18. The future of economics regarding artificial intelligence and modern technology. 19. How did Brexit affect the EU economies? 20. The influence of behavioural economics on globalisation. 21. Can environmental economics solve the problem of climate change? 22. What does the future look like for emerging economies? 23. What is the difference between economics and finance? 24. The economic theory surrounding diamonds and water and how it is applied. 25. What is the impact that demand and supply have on pricing during an economic crisis? 26. Is perfect competition ever possible? 27. Are the world’s wealthy economies built on debts? 28. How do unemployment rates affect the economy? 29. How will the decline of high street stores impact the economy? 30. How petrol and diesel prices fluctuate over time and how these prices mirror real-world events. 31. What are the chances of another global recession? 32. The contribution of higher education towards the economy. 33. How can countries maintain a balance of trade in a crisis? 34. Does the government properly manage fiscal policy? 35. How does a country control its consumer spending? 36. Why can economics often fail to account for the value of housing? 37. Why are most countries moving towards a free-market economy? 38. How can irrational consumer behaviours damage an economy? 39. Economics as a social science. 40. How do economies successfully allocate and utilise scarce resources? 41. The relationship between marginal benefit and supply and demand. 42. How do economies account for surplus amounts of supply? 43. How and why does a market fail? 44. The effects of income and prices on consumption choices. 45. How to effectively benefit from economies of scale. 46. The consequences of exiting a market. 47. Is the policy regarding monopolies strict enough? 48. The impact of a trade union on employment. 49. What are the factors that shift the demand for labour? 50. How has economics been affected by the change in our lifestyles? 51. The many misconceptions surrounding the gender pay gap. 52. The impact that a 35-hour working week has on an economy. 53. How can cartels manipulate oil and gas prices? 54. Is the high street really dying or just evolving? 55. Can the high street bounce back from the recent downturn in revenue? 56. Which factors contribute to a high unemployment rate? 57. The importance of coffee price fluctuations over time. 58. What is the fairest income tax system? 59. Would a flat tax rate aid the economy more than a progressive tax rate? 60. Which factors determine house pricing? 61. 11. What causes inflation? 62. What are the effects of having a high minimum wage? 63. Are the European economies too reliant on each other? 64. What affect did WW2 have on the economies of the world? 65. Why do socialist economies always fail? 66. How has the global demand for oil changed over time? 67. The pros and cons of a privatised health care system 68. Why does capitalism cause monopoly’s? 69. How can people get out of the poverty trap? 70. Why wealth inequality is not as big of an issue as people think

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To English

1. how to have an effective debate.

The ability to have debates is an important skill, and can be applied to many different jobs and scenarios. It is essentially the ability to form rational, fact-based, well-structured arguments, and be able to understand and respond to the counter-arguments in a reasonable, effective way.

This is a great English EPQ idea because it is not only focused on language skills, but also has a wonderful range of applications, which can be used in your life in the future.

In order to start this project, you may want to consider looking at a broad book which details some debating techniques, such as  this book , which gives a wide range of information about debating.

2. What impact did literature have during WW2?

Literature has always been a tool that has been used to record experiences, as well as to aid people in getting through difficult times. You therefore may want to consider doing some research about the type of literature that was produced during World War 2, and the impact that it had on people at the time.

You could consider discussing:

• How much literature actually was published in the war years?
• Who were the most influential writers?
• How did the literature written impact the people during the war?
• How has the literature continued to affect people since the war?

3. Are girls better at English than boys?

The gender differences that are of aren’t present with certain skills or subjects can be really interesting to explore. In terms of relation to English, you can explore the differences between girls and boys in their general abilities in the subject, and either confirm or challenge the stereotypes.

Subjects such as these give you the opportunity to really debate whether or not there is a difference, and the reasons why or why not this is true.

You could start by looking at some existing arguments alongside academic research around these subjects.

• ‘Gender differences in Girls and Boys Brains appear Biological’
• ‘Sex differences in early communication development’

4. Should English literature be optional at secondary school?

As you know from doing your GCSEs, you don’t technically have to pass English Literature (its English Language that is the core subject). So, should all GCSE students be forced to study English Literature?

This idea would give you the opportunity to express your opinion in a structured, evidence-based way, and would be a great way to show off your English abilities in terms of debating skills.

• What are the benefits of teaching English Literature to all students?
• How could the time spent teaching English Literature to students be used if students did not have to engage in the subject? Would there be benefits to this?

5. How did literature change in the 1800s?

Looking at the development of literature over the years is a really interesting route to go down for your EPQ. The 19th century was an era of change for a number of reasons, and obviously this had a huge impact on the literature at the time.

There were major changes in general opinions and outlooks about the world due to new scientific research and publications. Theories such as Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution brought into question general, well-established views of the world, and this was reflected in the literature of the time.

For this project idea, you may want to follow a love of reading, and evaluate specific books of the time, comparing them to literature before the 1800s. You could also have a look at books which provide a summary of the societal changes in the 1800s and their causes.  My recommendation can be found here.

6. Why is mass media so biased?

Bias in the media is another societal issue which would be interesting to discuss in your project. English and journalism are very linked, and you may want to consider looking at:

• The reasons for bias in the media
• How bias in the media is represented – what kind of language techniques are used?
• How can bias in the media be combatted?
• What are some examples of biased media?

7. What techniques do writers use to make the reader agree with a particular opinion?

English techniques can be incredibly persuasive, and the use of specific techniques can be a really interesting area to consider for an EPQ project. There are a variety of ways which you could approach this subject, and this is one of the things that makes this a great choice.

This is an idea which could not only enable you to recognise and understand the techniques that writers use, but it can also help you to improve your writing, and persuasive skills.

There is some literature about this subject already, and an example of a  useful book can be found here . You could also consider analysing specific speeches and pieces of literature which have had impact in the world.

8. To what extent are journalists at risk of being replaced by computers?

The takeover of jobs by computers is a concern for many people, and so it is interesting to consider what makes a job something which just a human is capable of doing. Is journalism one of these careers? What are the reasons for your judgement?

You may want to look at subjects which are in the news currently, and some examples of these news pages can be found here:

• Microsoft ‘to replace journalists with robots’

This may lead you to some further information, and could start your consideration of the elements of journalism that could be replaced, as well as the reasons that we need human journalists.

9. Are books becoming obsolete?

Literature has always been an important part of society. It gives people the chance to escape from struggles which they are facing, and also often reflects the context in which it was written. We can look back on literature from certain time periods and gain insight into the experiences and beliefs of people at the time.

However, there are so many forms of media at the moment, and you might be able to argue that literature is starting to lose its impact. Your project could discuss:

• What are books being replaced by?
• What are the reasons for this?
• What impact does this have on society?
• What impact will it have on future generations?

10. What made Shakespeare’s plays so unique?

Shakespeare is arguably the most famous English writer in history, and you will have certainly come across his work in school, and heard about Shakespeare in general society. But what made Shakespeare so influential? What was unique about his writing?

You can look at the works produced by Shakespeare in order to discuss his plays, and identifying the unique elements yourself is something that will make your EPQ a very strong essay. You can find a  book of Shakespeare’s complete works here .

You can also find books which show you the analysis skills which you will need to evaluate Shakespeare’s work,  such as this one here . You may want to use these as a starting point for your project.

11. How did Shakespeare present the effect of tragic madness in Hamlet? 12. How has creative writing changed throughout the course of history? 13. Will technology influence the originality of creative writing? 14. Why are the best books in history being turned into films and do the films live up to the books? 15. How do literary techniques affect the reader’s perspective? 16. How Jane Austin used her novels to address feminism and its effect at the time. 17. To what extent has literature addressed mental illness in the 20th century? 18. How has the perception of love and relationships changed in English novels over the last century? 19. Is poetry the same as it was 100 years ago? 20. Is the use of narrators becoming outdated? 21. How did the English language evolve and is it still evolving? 22. Will Shakespeare’s work stop be being taught due to a lack of understanding? 23. Is “text speak” undermining the English language? 24. Do the common abbreviations we use today actually make sense? 25. Should English teachers take on a more practical approach? 26. Is knowing how to spell important anymore with spell check to do it for you? 27. Do English teachers properly prepare students for university exams? 28. The importance of authentic English. 29. What are the most effective ways to teach young people the correct vocabulary? 30. The role of language teaching for dyslexia students, does it work? 31. Why general English is not enough for employability?. 32. How do you tailor English skills for specific jobs? 33. Does the ability to communicate effectively impact confidence? 34. Can gaming support language learning? 35. The importance of grammar in modern language. 36. Should English be considered an art or an academic skill? 37. Do different motivations change how students learn English? 38. Does homeschooling affect the ability to learn English properly? 39. Why is learning English so different from learning other subjects? 40. Can English minimise cross-cultural communication challenges? 41. Why has English grammar always changed? 42. Does the type of language we use influence the way we think? 43. What does the future of the English language look like? 44. Is the way we analyse literature outdated? 45. Why is English so widely spoken? 46. Why has the representation of masculinity not changed in the English language? 47. Why are more neologisms used today? 48. How has our pronunciation changed? 49. How Greek mythology is portrayed in English novels. 50. How is argumentative writing taught in schools? 51. What effect does illiteracy have on a person’s career? 52. How does literacy rate affect the development of a country? 53. What are the most accurate methods to determine someone’s reading age? 54. How does dyslexia affect a child’s ability to learn how to read and write? 55. Is it right for GCSE and A-Level English exams to be timed? 56. Is the demand for English graduates increasing or decreasing? 57. The rise of gothic literature. 58. What effect has the internet had on journalism? 59. To what extent do the writing styles of men and women differ? 60. Are native English speakers advantaged over others? 61. How have gender roles changed in novels over time? 62. Evaluating the political agenda behind many poems 63. How was religion portrayed in 20th century British novels? 64. Evaluating the importance of symbolism in literature 65. What contributions did Shakespeare make to literature? 66. Did Shakespeare actually write the plays he’s famous for? 67. How have attitudes towards literature changed over time? 68. How has our use of language changed since the development of the internet? 69. How does literature affect culture? 70. The origins of punctuation and why it was needed

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Business Studies

1. how should market monopolies be addressed.

A market monopoly is commonly known to occur when a single company or a cluster of companies have an extremely high percentage of a share of the market. Market monopolies are bad for many reasons; some are listed below:

• Monopoly-driven markets often have higher prices than markets driven by competition.
• Monopolies can gain too much power over a democracy if the nation is small enough, or the company is big enough.
• If a company has a monopoly, increased efficiency is not incentivised, therefore, innovation can be less.

If you want more advantages and disadvantages of market monopolies,  take a look here.

2. How can the UK government incentivise entrepreneurship?

High levels of entrepreneurship would be a great thing for the UK government. After all, the more people who wish to start their own businesses, the more businesses there will be. More businesses will always lead to more jobs, which is a good thing for everyone.

So, if everyone wants more entrepreneurship, how can we incentivise it in our society effectively? This is the question you should aim to answer if you take on this EPQ project idea. There are many different avenues you can take with this idea, ranging from government grants to decreased taxation.

What you will find during your EPQ is that for every incentivisation that effectively leads to increased levels of entrepreneurship, there will be plenty of drawbacks. For example, decreased taxation very well may increase the number of start-ups incorporated, but short-term, may lead to lesser government revenues.

3. How much do taxes hurt small business owners?

When people think of taxes, they usually let their minds sway towards their personal income tax. However, income taxes are not the only tax and small business owners most definitely know it. Below, I have listed some of the other taxes that business owners have to worry about:

• Corporation Tax
• National Insurance
• Value Added Tax (VAT)

Many small business owners, especially in the retail and hospitality sectors, have razor thin margins already and taxes can often push them to their budgeting limits. This can sometimes lead to closures and shutdowns, which over the course of a medium to long term period, can have the reverse effect of the government collecting less in taxes. This leads to the question of is it really worth having all of these taxes?

To understand more information on taxes that business owners are subject to, I recommend that you  take a look at this book on Amazon.co.uk.

4. Should the corporate tax be lowered?

Corporate tax has been the central point of many arguments over the decades. Lots of business owners and some policymakers feel as though it punishes companies that have finally made a profit. Making a profit can be a yearlong venture for many companies and some argue that when they finally cross the threshold of sustainability, they should be rewarded, not punished.

If the corporation tax was lowered, would the economy gain from the move or would the government not only receive less tax revenues in the short term, but also the long term? This a great question that you could discuss during your EPQ.

5. What factors have influenced marketing and how?

Marketing has been significantly influenced by the growth of the online sector. However, marketing has changed in many other ways than just the move to online. In your EPQ, you could discuss either the online transition or the many other ways marketing has changed.

Before starting an EPQ project of this nature, I would recommend take a look at some marketing-themed books, that instruct businesses on how to market their products  (example here).  This will give you a good idea of what methods companies are using today.

6. The psychology behind advertising

One such way marketing has changed has been related to the increased understanding of human psychology. “Psychological tricks” are often used in marketing campaigns. This has led to many people questioning whether the use of these “tricks” have led to consumers not having a true fair choice when deciding on a purchase.

If you want to know more about the relationship between psychology and corporate marketing,  take a look at this book.

7. What creates a good business leader?

Everyone can think of a least one business leader they have heard of, whether it be Steve Jobs, Elon Musk or any one of the thousand others. Business leaders are required to possess extraordinary organisation and communication skills. Although there are some pretty standard traits of successful business leaders, they are all very different.

Due to this, a study into what characteristics lead to the absolute best business leaders would really interesting. Below are some characteristics that have been rumoured to be effective at predicating a good business leader:

• Charismatic

Although you should not take it as fact,  this book  will get you thinking about the characteristics of a business leader.

8. What factors motivate employees and how?

Working for someone else is often seen as a bad thing, but it doesn’t have to be. What can a business do in order for it to motivate its employees to not only be happier in their line of work but also be more productive.

Some business owners have gone down the route of offering shares in the company to their employees. This leads to the employee feeling a significantly more direct impact of their work as they themselves directly benefit from the company performing well.

Below, I have listed some techniques business owners have attempted. Each one is linked to a resource where you can learn more about the particular case study.

• Offering shares to employees.
• Implementing a minimum salary, above the minimum wage.
• Making offices super nice!

9. What is a fair salary for a CEO?

CEOs work very hard in a lot of cases. In return, they are usually paid the big bucks. However, many people have the opinion that CEOs pay is not proportional to the amount of work they do. Why not express your views on this topic within your EPQ Project? You could discuss one set of views and then directly contrast it to other people’s views who do not agree with you.

Ensure that for every opinion that you discuss, you provide subsequent evidence – ideally with references. To find more information about what a CEO’s job entails,  take a look at this article.

10. To what extent has mobile technology changed advertising?

Mobile phones have taken over the technology market and advertising has adjusted to the new audience. How has it changed and in what ways will it continue to change over the coming years? There is lots to discuss on this idea and I’m certain it would make for a great project.

11. The effect of refinancing a business. 12. Why would a business want to diversify into a new market? 13. What are the complications of globalisation for a well-known business? 14. What is the impact of the decline in high street stores for larger corporations? 15. How does operational performance affect a business’s share price? 16. Is Amazon the reason for the decline in high street stores? 17. The importance of creativity within a business. 18. The value of becoming a private limited company. 19. Is a business’s life cycle set in stone? 20. Does organisational structure affect the internal performance of a business? 21. Should corporate social responsibility be adopted by all businesses? 22. The ways to control a business’s supply chain. 23. What are the stages of decision making within large corporations? 24. Do shareholders put too much pressure on businesses for dividends? 25. Does an increase in autonomy improve performance of employees? 26. How do businesses decide on their sources of finance? 27. How to evaluate the risk involved with new ventures. 28. How does politics intervene in the business world? 29. How do businesses use big data within marketing? 30. The important elements within entrepreneurship that lead to success. 31. How is project management run? 32. How does organisational culture differ in the largest businesses in the world? 33. The relationship between accounting and business. 34. The legal and ethical considerations that need to be made when operating in other countries. 35. The role of research and development for a company. 36. How the leaders and managers of a business influence the attitude of the entire organisation. 37. Which methods classify as sustainable manufacturing? 38. Is constant innovation needed to compete in a sector? 39. How do businesses change their strategies? 40. The value of planning and control within a business. 41. How to properly analyse a market. 42. How economics impacts business activities. 43. How to build good relationships with consumers. 44. How to improve product quality. 45. How to manage intellectual property within a business. 46. What are the processes within the administration of a company? 47. How helpful are business models for managers? 48. Should business studies be taught in all schools? 49. What are the attitudes of a successful entrepreneur? 50. How important is stock control? 51. How much should a company pay its employees? 52. How has the airline industry developed over time? 53. How has automation affected the world’s economies? 54. To what extent is Spotify’s business model sustainable? 55. How does VAT affect UK businesses? 56. Do big international companies pay their fair share in taxes? 57. How are successful start-ups formed? 58. What is the real impact of a strike on a business? 59. The ethical problems surrounding a business outsourcing their work. 60. Are the government incentivising start-ups enough? 61. Has the music industry been hurt by the rise of the internet? 62. How and why do business adapt their marketing strategies? 63. How can companies tackle the issue of climate change? 64. Evaluating the case for a single global currency 65. How apple became the tech giant it is today 66. The value of apprenticeships for employers and employees 67. How does a business change when transitioning from private to public? 68. Why is amazon protected from current monopoly laws? 69. How can oligopolies result in market collusion? 70. How to make an effective logo for your business

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Ethics

1. the complicated ethics surrounding self-driving cars.

Self-driving cars raise a variety of ethical issues, and this is a really interesting issue that is currently relevant, and would therefore be very interesting to discuss in an EPQ.

This is because situations arise where drivers are required to make choices about who to protect in terms of traffic accidents. For example, should self-driving cars prioritise their passengers or pedestrians?

These issues require great consideration, and from an ethical standpoint, they can be discussed in a broad way. This is great for an EPQ, and you may choose to make your discussion more specific (i.e. you could focus on one specific ethical issue that arises from the use and development of self-driving cars).

2. Should we experiment on embryo’s for medical research?

This is an enormous area of debate, which has many different viewpoints, which are influenced by a number of different factors. This idea can give you the chance to voice your own view, and reflect on how different elements have shaped your opinion on the topic.

You can consider a variety of different viewpoints, as well as the things that influence them, perhaps making use of recent news articles. The things that you may think about which have an impact on views on this issue could include:

• Whether you believe the benefits of this kind of research are worth the costs – do you have examples of where they are or aren’t?
• When you think embryos should be considered as human lives
• What other alternatives to this research are there?
• How does religion and other cultural/upbringing factors affect these views?

3. What determines someone’s inner moral compass?

How can you define a person’s moral compass? It is an ambiguous concept which can be defined in various ways, and has lots of potential influences. But what what is it? And what makes a persons moral compass good or bad?

You may want to consider how the idea of a moral compass has changed over time, and what this means for peoples behaviour.  A good place to start could be here  – this book should give you an overview of the history of morals.

4. Should the death penalty be brought back?

The death penalty has been a seemingly common punishment for crime in the past, but should its use have been removed? Is it’s use in other countries ethical? This idea is a great way to bring together a love for history as well as an interest in History. You could start your research by finding out more about the death penalty –  this book may be useful for that .

You could discuss:

• Is the death penalty fair for those accused of murder?
• How do you eliminate the problems of false convictions?
• What problems and benefits are there with bringing back the death penalty?
• Is it moral to kill even in response to a crime?

5. Should euthanasia be allowed in the UK?

Euthanasia is something which has been a controversial issue in the UK for a very long time. Should people have the choice to die? This is something that is a great ethical dilemma for a variety of reasons. You may want to consider discussing:

• The alternative help available for those who want to be euthanised
• What circumstances euthanasia should be allowed in
• What the moral issues euthanasia raises
• Does the fact that it is not allowed in the UK now mean that people don’t get euthanised? Or does it just mean that it is not fairly available?

6. How moral is intense animal farming?

Animal rights and whether animal farming is ethical is a hugely controversial, and easily debatable subject at the moment. There are many resources out there from animal rights organisations about the brutality and potential lack of morality surrounding animal farming.

You can use this available information to evaluate pre-existing views on the topic – perhaps a good book to start off your evaluation of this subject could be  ‘The end of animal farming..’ which can be found here .

This book   may also be a good starting point for a discussion-based project on the topic of the ethics of animal farming. This could make for a great EPQ, and your interpretation of evidence and conclusion would be really valuable.

7. Are society’s perceptions of what’s right and wrong based on Christianity?

Religion and its role in society is a really interesting topic to consider. Whatever religion you follow (or even if you don’t follow a religion), the impact of particular religions on what are considered to be basic, widely-held beliefs is something that is really great to discuss – perhaps more of your cultural upbringing has been influenced by religion than you thought!

There are already publications around this subject,  such as this book  which I would recommend to start your consideration of this subject. However, it is important that you approach this subject in a very analytical and evaluative way, as much of the literature in this area is likely to have a bias – identifying these limitations in your EPQ is also certainly a skill which you want to showcase!

8. Is it ethical to raise a child in a purely religious environment?

Religion and upbringing is also another really interesting relationship to explore. Religious beliefs tend to run in families – but should this be the case?

There are a variety of different ways that you could approach this question, though you may want to consider the following ideas in order to come to a judgement:

• Should children have a choice in the religion which they are following?
• From what age are children able to make this choice?
• Is stopping parents from making religion a big part of their children’s lives going against their religion and therefore a violation of their freewill?
• At what point does the amount of religion in a child’s environment too much?

9. Should we impose measures to control the global population?

The population has been growing and growing over the years, and is continuing to do so.  The world population is expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050.  But what does this mean for us now? Are there actions which we should take to prevent a huge spike in the number of people in the global population?

For your EPQ, you may want to consider:

• The reasons for controls – is it ethical to let the population grow that much?
• Previous impositions of population control and the related ethical issues – were they successful? You could take a look at the one child policy in China (1979-2016), and  this book  may be an interesting, related read for you to start with .

10. How should we distribute the wealth that has been created by machines?

Machines taking over jobs is a concern for many, and perhaps this is partly because companies could make a lot more profit using machines which they don’t have to pay to carry out tasks which they would otherwise have to employ an individual to do.

However, the increasing use of machines in workplaces and other areas raises the question of where the money which has been essentially generated by machines should end up? Surely it is not ethical to simply give all of the money earned to big tech companies, and the companies who use their machines? Is there a way to distribute the wealth produced in a fair way which would be beneficial to society?

This is a very modern issue which presents new ethical issues, and is therefore incredibly interesting to discuss in your EPQ – your take on these issues (if presented in an effective way) could be your way to an A*.

11. How can the government stop criminals benefiting from natural disasters? 12. Should all animal testing be banned? 13. Does the government need to stop the production of plastic? 14. Are psychological research methods ethical? 15. Should prenatal scans be allowed? 16. Is the way we farm animals moral? 17. Is the population on its way to becoming vegan? 18. How is fast fashion affecting the climate? 19. Why does overfishing still occur? 20. Should we only be allowed to buy fruit and vegetables that are in season? 21. Is the tax system in the UK ethical? 22. Should the promise of patient confidentiality be trusted? 23. What are the different ways to consent? 24. Should women who incorrectly accuse men of rape be severely prosecuted? 25. Is it morally right to kill an embryo? 26. Charities and how they are not always ethical. 27. Why has lying become so common? 28. Why does torture still occur in the world? 29. The ethics surrounding war. 30. Why is slavery still going on? 31. Forced marriages and their impact on young women. 32. Is the idea of capitalism unethical? 33. Why does fraud occur so often? 34. Are people born racist or do they become racist? 35. How can we accept the LGBT community? 36. Is privacy online important? 37. Should we give AI the right to kill? 38. Should we create synthetic lifeforms? 39. Is it right to colonise other planets? 40. At what point do we start population control? 41. Is science destroying the planet? 42. The issues involved with organ transplants. 43. Should everyone receive free healthcare? 44. Should social media be banned? 45. Why are care homes run so poorly? 46. The impact of mental disorders on younger generations. 47. Are IVF treatments ethical? 48. What are the ethical implications involved with neuroscience? 49. The ethical issues surrounding hormone therapy. 50. Should we screen for genetic diseases in all cases? 51. Is it ethical to invest money in space exploration considering the state of our planet? 52. Do care homes provide adequate care to dementia patients? 53. Are homeless people to blame for their situation? 54. Should everyone receive a universal income for absolute necessities? 55. Is the use of corporate jargon ethical? 56. How many immigrants should wealthy countries accept? 57. Should immigrants have a right to claim benefits within the UK? 58. What is the ethical minimum wage? 59. The ethics surrounding employees stealing company time. 60. Is it unethical for countries to possess nuclear weapons? 61. How can we be sure to eradicate AI bias? 62. Is it right for humans to ever control AI? 63. Should we be allowed to edit our child’s genes before birth? 64. Do we have the right to terraform other planets? 65. Should we always respect a patient’s choice (even if it’s wrong)? 66. Should we introduce non-human DNA into our genome? 67. Should people be forced to die if ageing is ever cured? 68. At what point does an embryo or foetus become a human life? 69. Do embryos have rights? 70. Can only humans have rights?

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Foreign Languages

1. why do people speaking foreign languages sound like they are speaking fast.

If you have an interest in languages, you may have found that when you listen to other people speaking in a language which is not your native language seem to be speaking very fast! Perhaps you have wondered if this is something which is universal for everyone learning second languages, or whether it is just that certain languages are spoken more quickly than others.

You can look at some research to answer this question, and  this piece of research may be a good place to get you started .

This is a great idea for an EPQ, as it will be research based but also gives the opportunity for discussion.

2. What is the hardest language to learn?

The perception of the hardest language to learn is something which is very subjective and dependent on a number of different factors. You could consider this in terms of these factors. For example, you may want to narrow down your project by looking at:

• The hardest language for people from a specific country to learn
• The most complex language to learn in terms of grammatical and other skills
• The most difficult pronunciation
• The most and least spoken languages and their perceived difficulties

3. Do children learn particular languages faster?

This is a really interesting area to research. The idea that children learn languages quicker is widely accepted, but is this true for every language? Which languages are easier for children to learn overall?

You may want to consider discussing the things that can have an impact on a child’s ability to learn a language, including:

• Whether their parents speak the language
• How they learn the language (through books, tv, school etc)
• When they learn the language

These are all important factors to consider, and could lead to a more knowledgeable approach to teaching children second languages.

4. How much easier is it for children to learn a foreign language compared to an adult?

There is a generally widely-accepted view that children can learn languages more easily than adults. But to what extent is this true? There is a wide range of research done in this area, and it can lead to some interesting discussions about:

• What age is the best to introduce a second language to a child?
• Should all children be taught second languages?
• What are the best methods for teaching a second language to students?

This is an area where (if you were interested), you could put forward evidence-based views around the applications of the idea that languages are more easily learned by children.

5. Should everyone be forced to learn a foreign language at school?

This is another issue related to language and children. If the best time to learn a language is when you are a child, but many parents don’t speak more than 1 language, is it essential that children are taught languages from a young age? If so:

• What language should be taught as a compulsory subject?
• Between which ages should a language be taught to children?
• How should language abilities be applied in the rest of school life?
• How should the languages be taught?

The use and teaching of language in schools is another real debate topic, and gives you the chance to show off your debating skills and ability to interpret evidence to form an opinion. These are great skills to showcase for your EPQ.

6. Is Latin dead?

Latin is a classic language, which is not seen in modern society. However, it is still relevant. You may want to discuss a range of topics in an EPQ on this subject area. For example, you could consider:

• What are the benefits of learning Latin?
• Can knowledge of Latin make learning other languages easier?
• How has Latin influenced the languages which we speak today?

You could use the information you find on these topics to evaluate the status of Latin, and whether or not it should be considered to be a ‘dead’ language.

7. What makes French the world’s most romantic language?

French is widely recognised or considered as an incredibly romantic language. But was has led to this belief? Is it the way that the language sounds? Is it the culture found in France? Is it the landscape or the buildings (i.e. the physical environment)? Do French people find the language ‘romantic’?

If you are interested in language, doing a project about the preconceptions about a language such as French is a great way to go with your EPQ. You could consider discussing what makes the language ‘romantic’, as well as whether or not some of these specific elements are found in other languages.

8. How has English affected the German language?

The interaction between languages, and the influences that they have on each other is something that will give you the chance to look at a variety of different elements which would be very interesting to discuss in your project.

You could research the relationship between any 2 languages, and the things that you may want to consider include:

• The similarities between English and German
• The differences between English and German (you may want to look at  this book about English and German grammar )
• The reasons for similarities/differences – where are the languages derived from? Has there been any interaction between the formation of them?

9. Why is the internet dominated by the English language?

Around 20% of the world speak English , so why is it so commonly seen in media, such as on the internet? The domination of English as a language across the world is something that is incredibly interesting, especially as the number of English speakers is actually a lot lower than you would perhaps expect.

This is a great idea for an EPQ, because it gives you the chance to look at the prevalence of the English language, and how it’s used in the Inernet. You may want to consider:

• How the broad use of the English Language has affected the number of native English speakers who are bilingual.
• What language is the most commonly used across the world? Why is this?
• What has made media in English so highly available?

10. Why Google Translate doesn’t work sometimes

Google Translate is notorious for not working properly, and this is something that every language teacher warns their students to be wary of. But why does Google Translate not work?

There are so many different elements which go into speaking a language effectively, and these are things that you would be able to discuss in your essay.

• Differences in grammatical techniques
• Differences in meanings of particular words (or dual meanings)
• The context of sentences and its importance in terms of meaning

One of the great things about this subject is that you can apply it to any language, and therefore it can be relevant to both your A-Levels and perhaps even the degree which you would like to do.

11. What is the best way to learn a second language? 12. Should all parents aim to teach their children another language? 13. How useful is mandarin within the business world? 14. What are the psychological barriers to learning a new language? 15. Does listening to foreign music and films help with pronunciation? 16. How does language learning differ in other countries? 17. What are the benefits of being bilingual? 18. What language was Jesus believed to speak and is at all similar to modern-day language? 19. How helpful are language learning apps in becoming fluent in another language? 20. Should language teachers take on a more practical approach? 21. How have different dialects of the same language evolved? 22. What are the most similar languages to one another? 23. How does a language portray its origin country’s culture? 24. Is there a certain pattern for learning a language? 25. Does the way you learn a language effect your pronunciation? 26. Why does the German language seem aggressive and was it always that way? 27. Do teachers only teach ways to pass the exam and not learn languages in detail? 28. Are language examinations fair? 29. To what extent does it take intelligence or a good memory to learn a foreign language? 30. How has language learning changed throughout history? 31. Is it important to understand the culture of a language? 32. How accents can affect understanding dramatically. 33. How is motivation built to learn a second language? 34. How can you forget a language you were once fluent in? 35. Why is it so common to get anxiety when learning a new language? 36. What is the most common language found in music? 37. How difficult is it to learn sign language for a deaf person? 38. What are the origins of the English language? 39. The complications surrounding the Arabic language. 40. How do dyslexic people manage language learning? 41. Why do people still learn and use Latin, what is its value in modern society? 42. Are programming languages considered just as hard to learn as verbal languages? 43. Has “text talk” ruined the complexity of people’s vocabulary? 44. What is the best age to learn a new language? 45. Is it easier to learn a third language once you have already learnt two? 46. How difficult is language reading compared to speaking and listening? 47. How does grammar change with different languages? 48. The importance of cross-language communication. 49. Does language learning help bridge the intellectual inequality gap? 50. How do people pick up accents? 51. Why does the English language not have clear masculine and feminine classifications? 52. How do certain words evolve into insulting words over time? 53. How different are alphabets between languages? 54. What is the official process followed when adding words to a language? 55. What is the field of Mathematics dominated by the Greek language? 56. What was the first verbal language humans spoke? 57. Why has Latin become somewhat obsolete? 58. The origins of the Arabic language. 59. How strict are punctuation rules across different languages? 60. Which foreign language has the most dialects and why? 61. How has human language evolved over time? 62. Which world language conveys more information per word? 63. Which type of language conveys more information: verbal or body? 64. Why can some words not be translated between languages? 65. The origins of the Japanese language 66. How English is used in the Japanese media 67. Is it fair to say that china only has only a single language? 68. How have foreign immigrants integrated into Japanese society since WW2? 69. Is Japanese an isolated language or part of a broader language family? 70. Is how people use body language universal across the world?

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Biology

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To History

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Art

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Sport

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Architecture

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Computer Science

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Engineering

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Politics

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Chemistry

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Geography

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Physics

70+ EPQ Ideas Relating To Maths

I’m looking for ideas for an EPQ based on primary school teaching. Any suggestions?

i was wanting to do something using this topic, what did you do in the end? 🙂

To what extent to primary school teachers effect the personal development of children. Or how does the environment created by primary schools affect a child mental and cognitive development

it isn’t a primary school qualification

Should boys receive exclusive lessons on feminism in primary school? How can we teach primary school students about internet safety? How can we teach primary school students about their rights over their own bodies? Is the way we teach obesity in school harmful to overweight or obese children? Is the Education system indoctrinating students? The importance of girls in primary school having role models in STEM. Why banning mobile phones in school does more harm than good. Why our education system fails to pick up students with dyspraxia. Why we should allow students to move around the classroom as they …  Read more »

Do primary teachers have an impact on people’s morals even when they become adults?

Is primary school teaching restricting Young children?

I was thinking a maths and gambling based epq. Any suggestions?

theory of probability in casinos?

Would an essay about disabled rights be good idea for EPQ

I think that is a great topic to construct your EPQ about. Just ensure that you have enough to say about this topic.

anyone got any suggestions for a drama/theatre related artefact based EPQ????

shakespeares use of masquerade in his plays – like in romeo and juliet and linking it to the era it came from and its links to italy as well

write, direct and perform in a play- could be a parody of a Shakespeare play?- for mythology do a modern version of a classic myth?- link to a topic you are interested in

Any ideas on a travel based EPQ

maybe look at the impact of tourism on low income countries or CO2 emissions from travel

I live in cornwall and iIO what about how will covid 19 aefffect the tourisum industry (please ignore my spelling by back button is broke)

Do you go to Callywith (only school i know doing EPQ in Cornwall lol) ? Also have you decided on an EPQ yet because I have no idea

I’m struggling to think of a good EPQ question based on health care, the NHS or paramedics. Any suggestions would be appreciated. Thankyou!

How the nhs negatively affected the uks economy, could the uk survive without the nhs, is the pay of nhs workers fair, how did COVID 19 effected the nhs and especially the workers, should the uk follow in the steps of other countries and have privatised health care, the history of the nhs and how it impacted the uk, will the nhs be around forever or will it collapse? Literally so many you can do with the nhs although I may have to combine different aspects to get enough content to write about, good luck !!!

hi im struggling to find an epq that would be linked to a diplomat career with international relations or law any help would be appreciated

should countries be allowed to sue each other

hello friends, im from portugal and would like a topic for my IPQ that relates to wine, does anyone got any ideas ?

hi everyone, i’m thinking of doing an epq based on interpretations of love and love languages, can anyone come up with a question for that? or would that not be a good route to take?

doing A-Level EPQ at sixth form and I do not know what to do for my EPQ and I don’t have a question. I have to link it to Religious Education as it is a catholic school. Do you have any recommendations. thanks

should RE be compulsory in school.

yikes I go to a catholic school and we don’t have to do that… should the uk be a secular society / is the world losing faith / can war be ethical / religious/ethical duty to protect the environment

Why are people so obsessed with religion, even to the point of killing and being killed for it, and is this obsession healthy?

I’m looking at medicine for Uni, do you think an EPQ about “can you die from a broken heart” is any good?

Looking for EPQ ideas in relation to the Armed Forces!! Any suggestions welcome, thanks

(^^)/ What about history of armed forces?

looking for an epq linking Applied science and Psychology together. Any ideas????

Hey what topic did u end up doing I’m interested in those 2 subjects too x

Hi! I’m looking to do an EPQ about genetics. Any ideas?

Hey everyone, I was thinking to do an EPQ based on the e-commerce. Any suggestions about it?

I’m struggling to think of any decent EPQ topics regarding music. Anyone got any ideas? 🙂

does music have an impact on the brain? does listening to music whilst revising help? is music a form of art? is music a form of therapy? why do people find comfort in music?

can I do Can physics prove evolution or any of the physics ideas if I already do physics a level or are they too similar?

any ideas on a media epq

Ideas for food based epq ideas that include making an artefact

are synthetic/man-made chemicals used for food processing and packaging, ethical ?

Hey I need to decide on my topic for my EPQ and I have 4 that I can’t choose between: To what extent will future development of genome sequencing and synthetic life impact the field of AI?

Could humanity ever achieve biological immortality?

What are the conditions required on a planet for intelligent life to evolve?

What if Pangea never broke apart?

Favourites?

I love the first two! im also thinking to do one something linked with computer science or biology/biomed

I’m interested in doing an epq to do with criminology does anyone have any suggestions for questions/topics?

im looking for an epq to do with maths and comp sci, any suggestions?

400+ EPQ Ideas and Examples for All Subjects (2024)

Stuck on EPQ ideas? We have created a complete guide with over 400 EPQ ideas and examples to help you get an A*!

The Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) is a unique opportunity for students to explore a topic of their choosing and develop research and independent study skills. Offered to students in their final year of A-Levels , the EPQ is a valuable addition to any student's academic portfolio, as it provides an opportunity to demonstrate skills in critical thinking, research, and project management that are highly valued by universities and employers alike.

Arguably the best part about the EPQ is that you get to select your own ideas for your project. And the worst part? You have to select your own ideas for your project. For most people, their EPQs are the first time they get to explore their chosen area of interest in depth. Save for some requirements, you can technically take this project in any direction you fancy. But this level of freedom can be daunting, especially when you have to choose a project idea and title.

What makes for a good title? Are there any limitations? How can you make your project stand out? Let’s find out how to get an A* in your EPQ in 2024!

How to Choose A Good EPQ Idea

The EPQ assessment criteria are a good reference point to embark on your EPQ journey. Across these four assessment objective areas, you’re able to get a feel for what sort of thing the examiners are looking for.

Touching on each of these, a student that wants an A* in EPQ would need to:

• AO1 - Understand how to plan out a project thoroughly and then execute that plan.
• AO2 - Navigate their own research, as well as understand how to break down other academic pieces to extract information that supports their project.
• AO3 - Solve problems using skills like planning, logic, researching, or new technologies that they encounter during their EPQ project. This is the area where students get the most marks, meaning great EPQ ideas should always have a level of development and progression to them. How are you getting from points A-B?
• AO4 - Within the EPQ essay, students need to be able to accurately review their entire project, outlining the curves in the road and any blocks that they overcame to get to their final destination.

Across these assessment areas, EPQ students will have their ideas tested and explored. The brilliance of a great EPQ idea is that students can explore a topic that they find interesting, all while strengthening their university application.

Source - EPQ Assessment Criteria

However, the rubric isn’t enough to tell you whether your idea is any good to begin with. Instead, here are some key pointers you can use to guarantee an A*.

The best EPQ ideas share the following criteria:

• Relevant Ideas
• Narrow Scope
• Interdisciplinary
• Push boundaries

Let’s break these down further.

Make It Relevant

A good EPQ research project is one that is relevant to the context of the modern world. Now, this doesn’t mean that you can’t orient your project around historical events. On the contrary, referring to the past is a great way of substantiating your project. The key, however, is to link it to issues of contemporary relevance. For example, you can use historical plagues to analyse the long-term effects of COVID-19.

Understanding how your topic has an impact on the modern world, or could have a direct effect on the future, is a great way of including this level of relevancy. If you’re doing a history EPQ, you don’t want to only focus on what happened, you want to explain why this matters.

You should carry this idea throughout the whole of your EPQ, ensuring that your project is relevant and ticks all the assessment objective boxes.

Narrow It Down

Some research projects are so extensive in their scope that making them relevant to the modern context isn’t enough. Instead, you have to narrow your EPQ research down to a specific country, city, or even a community. Remember: you can’t possibly tackle all issues in all countries across all members of society. Otherwise, your research becomes too generalising and consequently loses its merit.

There’s a subtle balance between breadth and depth when it comes to choosing an EPQ idea. On one hand, you want to pick something that’s broad enough that you have lots to talk about. Yet, go too broad and you’ll have too much to say in too few words, leading to a shallow analysis. We suggest that you pick an idea that has a narrow focus but one that you can talk about from multiple perspectives.

Try to balance breadth and depth within your EPQ project.

Adopt An Interdisciplinary Approach

You’ll notice that most of the ideas listed in this post are interdisciplinary. In other words, they borrow from various disciplines and subjects. This leads on directly from having a good balance of breadth and depth. Instead of just focusing on one small detail, noticing how topics transect different subjects is a vital part of the EPQ.

Of course, you’d be hard-pressed to find a topic that has absolutely nothing to do with any other subject than itself. Even when focusing on a scientific question, the interdisciplinary links across sciences, health studies, and medicine, allow students to broaden their approach.

Always try and choose an EPQ idea that has interdisciplinary studies at its center. There are always common links across subjects, you just have to find them.

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Step Outside Your Comfort Zone

While you should stick to your interests, by and large, a good EPQ is one where you learn something new or develop a new skill. The only way to do so is by stepping outside your comfort zone and pursuing topics that are somewhat unfamiliar to you. If you’re still unsure about where or how to begin, enlisting the help of A-Level EPQ tutors is a good first step.

Working with an A-Level tutor for your EPQ can help boost your final grade as you’ll have a person to discuss your ideas with at every step of your project. Even when finding an initial idea, having someone to bounce thoughts off is vital when finding the right topic for you.

List of the Best EPQ Ideas

Now that we’ve covered the foundations of what makes a good idea, let’s give you some inspiration. We’ll move through different subjects, giving a list of ideas that you could use for your project.

In this article, we’ll touch on the following subjects for EPQ Ideas:

• A-Level Biology
• A-Level Physics
• A-Level Chemistry
• A-Level Maths
• A-Level History
• A-Level Geography
• A-Level English
• A-Level Economics
• A-Level Engineering
• A-Level Politics
• A-Level Sociology
• A-Level Psychology
• A-Level Law
• A-Level Computer Science
• A-Level Medicine

EPQ Ideas For Biology

Explore these EPQ ideas, endorsed by experienced A-Level Biology tutors :

1 - Are there any long-term psychological effects that may be had by a recipient of another person’s organ? 2 - How do diseases develop mutants? 3 - At what point after conception does life actually begin? 4 - Nature vs nurture causes of body dysmorphia 5 - To what extent do menstrual pains and other period symptoms count as legitimate medical handicaps? 6 - The cause and effect of misdiagnosis/late diagnosis of autism in women 7 - How does smoking marijuana from a young age affect brain development? 8 - A comparison of sex and gender dynamics between humans and other species 9 - What solutions does medical biotechnology present for the COVID-19 pandemic? 10 - How does obesity differ in distinct populations around the world? 11 - The effects of plastic pollution on marine biodiversity 12 - Analysing the role of the microbiome in human health and disease 13 - Investigating the impact of climate change on bird migration patterns 14 - How do different types of exercise affect the human body? 15 - A study of the genetics and environmental factors of addiction 16 - Investigating the role of epigenetics in cancer development 17 - Analysing the effects of air pollution on respiratory health 18 - A study of the evolutionary origins of language in humans 19 - Investigating the effectiveness of different types of birth control methods 20 - Examining the ethical implications of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food production 21 - Analysing the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive function 22 - Investigating the relationship between stress and physical health 23 - A study of the genetics and environmental factors of Alzheimer's disease 24 - Examining the effects of different diets on gut microbiota 25 - Investigating the role of the immune system in autoimmune diseases 26 - Analysing the impact of deforestation on wildlife populations 27 - A study of the molecular mechanisms of addiction 28 - Investigating the effects of environmental toxins on reproductive health 29 - Examining the relationship between gut microbiota and mental health disorders 30 - Analysing the effectiveness of various cancer treatments.

EPQ Ideas For Physics

Discover EPQ topics suggested by professional A-Level Physics tutors :

1 - How early contributions by physicists belonging to a marginalised community (women, PoC, etc.) have been dismissed. 2 - Design and build a functional robot with a particular purpose 3 - Can physics and religion ever go hand in hand? 4 - In an unimaginably colossal cosmos, is life on other planets really that unlikely? 5 - An analysis of the scientific accuracy of select scenes from Interstellar (or any physics-based movie, TV show, cartoon, etc.) 6 - The death of the sun and its potential effects on the solar system 7 - The reasons behind the failure of supersonic travel 8 - Build your own camera lens from scratch 9 - Will lithium-ion batteries dominate the world in the next 30 years? 10 - Is switching to clean energy feasible for developing countries? 11 - Investigating the feasibility of using nuclear fusion as a future energy source 12 - Exploring the physics behind black holes and their effects on space-time 13 - Examining the possibility of time travel and the physics involved 14 - Designing and testing a new type of wind turbine for more efficient energy generation 15 - Investigating the physics behind the behaviour of quantum particles 16 - Building and testing a model rocket to explore the principles of rocket science 17 - Analysing the physics of sound and music production 18 - Investigating the physics behind the formation and behaviour of lightning 19 - The potential applications and limitations of nanotechnology in the field of medicine 20 - Examining the physics behind the development and potential uses of augmented reality technology 21 - Investigating the physics behind the phenomenon of superconductivity and its practical applications 22 - Designing and building a solar-powered vehicle for sustainable transportation 23 - Exploring the physics of magnetism and its applications in technology 24 - Investigating the physics behind the development and potential uses of quantum computers 25 - Analysing the physics of the human body and its potential applications in medicine 26 - Investigating the physics behind the development and potential uses of artificial intelligence 27 - Exploring the physics of space travel and its potential for future human exploration 28 - Investigating the physics behind the development and potential uses of 3D printing technology 29 - The physics behind the behaviour of waves in the ocean and its applications in marine engineering 30 - Examining the physics behind the development and potential uses of drones in various industries.

EPQ Ideas For Chemistry

Review these EPQ ideas, curated by expert A-Level Chemistry tutors for in-depth study:

1 - Investigating the chemistry of drug development in the pharmaceutical industry 2 - A guide on how to read and understand the listed ingredients at the back of self-grooming products. 3 - The extraction of limonene from citrus 4 - Will humans ever stop producing plastic? 5 - Is the use of chemical and mechanical pesticides ethical? 6 - The safety of aspartame in food and drink 7 - Can the chemistry of the atmosphere ever truly be replicated? 8 - Can you use hydrogen as a fuel in cars? 9 - The current limitations behind building a supercell 10 - Can an understanding of chemistry help us in anti-ageing? 11 - The environmental impact of the production and disposal of batteries 12 - Investigating the chemistry behind the production and effects of air pollution 13 - The role of chemistry in developing new materials for the aerospace industry 14 - Investigating the use of enzymes in industrial processes 15 - The chemistry behind food preservation and storage 16 - Developing a new method for synthesising a specific compound of interest 17 - The chemistry behind the production and effects of cosmetics and personal care products 18 - Investigating the chemistry behind the development and production of synthetic drugs 19 - The use of chemistry in forensic science and criminal investigations 20 - The chemistry behind the behaviour and effects of neurotransmitters in the brain 21 - Investigating the chemistry behind the development and production of bioplastics 22 - The use of chemistry in developing new methods for water purification and desalination 23 - Investigating the chemistry behind the development and production of new medications for chronic diseases 24 - The chemistry behind the behaviour and effects of hormones in the human body 25 - Investigating the use of nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery 26 - The chemistry behind the development and production of renewable energy sources 27 - Investigating the use of chemistry in developing new methods for recycling and waste management 28 - The chemistry behind the behaviour and effects of toxins in the environment 29 - Investigating the use of chemistry in developing new methods for food production and agriculture 30 - The chemistry behind the development and production of new materials for energy storage and conversion.

EPQ Ideas For Maths

Professional A-Level Maths tutors recommended the following EPQ ideas:

1 - To what extent does music borrow from mathematics? 2 - A way (physical model, stimulation, etc.) to visualise dimensions beyond 3-D 3 - Is maths necessary for cognitive development in young children? 4 - The many real-life applications of the binomial theorem 5 - How seemingly simple mathematical ideas revolutionised the world when they were first discovered/invented? 6 - The importance of arithmetic in modern-day cryptography 7 - Can you make a universal equation for measuring beauty? 8 - The significance of infinity in mathematics 9 - Was mathematics discovered or invented? 10 - The application of statistical analysis in modern healthcare 11 - The mathematics behind encryption and data security 12 - Investigating the role of mathematics in artificial intelligence and machine learning 13 - The use of mathematical modelling in predicting natural disasters and mitigating their impact 14 - Investigating the mathematical principles behind cryptography and data privacy 15 - The history and significance of the Fibonacci sequence in mathematics and nature 16 - Developing and testing a new mathematical theorem or formula 17 - Investigating the role of probability theory in finance and investment 18 - The use of mathematical modelling in the development of new drugs and therapies 19 - Investigating the mathematics behind the design and construction of bridges and other structures 20 - The role of mathematics in game theory and decision-making 21 - Investigating the use of machine learning in image and voice recognition 22 - The mathematics behind the development and use of GPS technology 23 - Investigating the mathematical principles behind artificial neural networks 24 - The use of mathematics in optimising supply chains and logistics 25 - Investigating the mathematics behind the development and use of blockchain technology 26 - The mathematics behind the behaviour and dynamics of fluid flow 27 - Investigating the use of mathematical models in predicting and mitigating the spread of diseases 28 - The role of mathematics in quantum mechanics and the behaviour of particles 29 - Investigating the mathematical principles behind the design and operation of electric circuits 30 - The use of mathematical modelling in analysing climate change and its impact on the environment.

EPQ Ideas For History

Consider these EPQ ideas, guided by A-Level History tutors :

1 - The significance of education in British colonial expansion. 2 - Pandemics throughout human history and their effects on societies in various stages of development. 3 - The profound impact of the Black Death on England 4 - How did the USA play a role in WWI? 5 - How did Victorian England deal with child poverty 6 - An exploration of child labor across Europe 7 - What was the economic impact of the black Monday stock market crash? 8 - How have Women’s rights developed since the early 1900s? 9 - How truthful can sources in ancient history truly be? 10 - Explore the notion of female friendship in Victorian England 11 - The role of propaganda in shaping public opinion during World War II 12 - Investigating the influence of religion on medieval society and politics 13 - The impact of the Industrial Revolution on working-class communities in Britain 14 - The role of the British Empire in the transatlantic slave trade 15 - The significance of the Magna Carta in the development of democratic governance 16 - The history and impact of the suffragette movement in the UK 17 - Investigating the causes and impact of the French Revolution 18 - The impact of colonialism on the development of African nations 19 - The history and impact of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States 20 - Investigating the role of propaganda and media in shaping public opinion during the Cold War 21 - The role of religion in shaping the politics and society of ancient Rome 22 - Investigating the causes and impact of the First World War 23 - The impact of the Reformation on religious and political life in Europe 24 - The history and impact of the Vietnam War 25 - Investigating the causes and impact of the Second World War 26 - The significance of the Roman Empire in the development of Western civilisation 27 - Investigating the history and impact of the Indian Independence Movement 28 - The role of women in the development of science and technology throughout history 29 - Investigating the causes and impact of the Cold War 30 - The history and impact of the Civil Rights Movement in the UK.

EPQ Ideas For Geography

Explore EPQ ideas shared by expert A-Level Geography tutors and examiners:

1 - What is the impact of climate change on the Arctic ecosystem? 2 - The role of water management in sustainable development. 3 - What is the impact of urbanisation on natural landscapes? 4 - The potential of renewable energy in reducing carbon emissions. 5 - What is the relationship between land use change and biodiversity loss? 6 - The impact of plastic pollution on marine life. 7 - How can we mitigate the impact of natural disasters on vulnerable communities? 8 - The role of soil erosion in desertification. 9 - What is the impact of deforestation on local and global climate? 10 - The effectiveness of wildlife conservation programs. 11 - The potential of vertical farming in sustainable agriculture. 12 - How can we improve access to clean water in developing countries? 13 - The impact of tourism on local communities and natural landscapes. 14 - What is the role of geospatial technology in environmental conservation? 15 - The impact of sea level rise on coastal communities. 16 - The potential of green infrastructure in urban planning. 17 - How can we reduce air pollution in urban areas? 18 - The role of indigenous knowledge in natural resource management. 19 - What is the impact of soil degradation on agricultural productivity? 20 - The effectiveness of waste management programs. 21 - How can we promote sustainable transportation in urban areas? 22 - The impact of population growth on resource depletion. 23 - The potential of carbon capture technology in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 24 - What is the impact of human activities on ocean acidification? 25 - The role of environmental policies in promoting sustainable development. 26 - The impact of land subsidence on urban infrastructure. 27 - How can we promote sustainable forestry practices? 28 - The potential of bioremediation in environmental cleanup. 29 - What is the impact of water scarcity on social and economic development? 30 - The effectiveness of disaster risk reduction strategies.

EPQ Ideas for English

Here are some EPQ suggestions from leading A-Level English tutors :

1 - How can the impact of Shakespeare be measured? 2 - What distinguishes modern American poetry from European poetry. 3 - Is the age of poetry dead? Exploring Instagram poetry 4 - What makes a novel ‘great’? Can there be a next great American novel? 5 - Can writers ever really be removed from their social context? 6 - Female English novelists had more impact on the form than their male counterparts 7 - The literary canon is closed - there is no more room for expansion. 8 - To what extent is the literary canon a product of colonialism. 9 - How has sexuality in the novel progressed since the 1600s. 10 - Literature is a powerful tool for understanding real-world history and context 11 - The portrayal of mental illness in literature throughout history 12 - The influence of science fiction on modern society and culture 13 - Investigating the use of magical realism in contemporary literature 14 - The role of literature in exploring and understanding the experiences of refugees and migrants 15 - Investigating the significance of folklore and mythology in literature 16 - The representation of gender and sexuality in contemporary literature 17 - Investigating the use of symbolism in literature throughout history 18 - The role of literature in exploring and understanding issues of race and identity 19 - The impact of postcolonial literature on the literary world 20 - Investigating the role of literature in shaping political and social movements throughout history 21 - The representation of disability in literature throughout history 22 - Investigating the use of unreliable narrators in literature 23 - The impact of modern technology on the publishing industry 24 - The role of literature in exploring and understanding mental health issues 25 - Investigating the influence of mythology and folklore on popular culture 26 - The significance of the Beat Generation in the development of contemporary literature 27 - Investigating the use of intertextuality in literature 28 - The role of literature in understanding and exploring the experiences of marginalised communities 29 - Investigating the influence of social media on contemporary literature 30 - The impact of digital publishing on the literary world.

EPQ Ideas for Economics

Professional A-Level Econmics tutors suggested the following EPQ ideas:

1 - Should we reform the tax system in England? 2 - Corporate greed has become the downfall of the modern economic system in the USA 3 - Should politicians be allowed to trade stocks and shares? 4 - Why hasn’t the minimum wage been raised as economic productivity has increased? 5 - Exploring how inflation relates to the stock exchange 6 - Did Brexit have a positive impact on the UK economy? 7 - Does illegal immigration help or hinder the economy in the USA? 8 - Does the concept of social class still exist? 9 - To what extent is the stock exchange controlled by whale investors? 10 - How has the period of 2020-2024 impacted the global demand for oil. 11 - Investigating the causes and impact of income inequality in modern society 12 - The role of international trade in economic growth and development 13 - Investigating the causes and impact of the 2008 financial crisis 14 - The impact of automation and AI on employment and the labour market 15 - Investigating the role of economic policies in shaping environmental sustainability 16 - The impact of globalisation on economic growth and development 17 - Investigating the impact of e-commerce and online marketplaces on traditional retail industries 18 - The role of central banks in managing monetary policy and inflation 19 - Investigating the impact of cryptocurrencies on the traditional financial system 20 - The impact of Brexit on the UK economy and global trade relations 21 - Investigating the impact of foreign aid on economic development in developing countries 22 - The role of the gig economy in shaping the future of work 23 - Investigating the impact of economic sanctions on global trade relations 24 - The impact of education and human capital on economic growth and development 25 - Investigating the impact of the sharing economy on traditional industries and employment 26 - The role of behavioural economics in shaping public policy and decision-making 27 - Investigating the impact of trade unions on labour market dynamics and wages 28 - The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and society 29 - Investigating the impact of regulation and deregulation on industry dynamics and economic growth 30 - The role of innovation and entrepreneurship in economic growth and development.

EPQ Ideas for Engineering

1 - Biomedical engineering is now more important than ever before in the post COVID-era 2 - What is the relationship between statistics and engineering? 3 - All industries are inherently tied to the speed of progression within engineering 4 - Should software engineering count as a practice of engineering? 5 - How engineering and societal expansion are closely linked 6 - To what extent are soft skills like communication vital for an engineer? 7 - Why is there a gender imbalance within the world of engineering? How can we fix it? 8 - How does the UK government incentivise a career path into engineering? 9 - AI tools will one day replace engineers - to what extent do you agree? 10 - Mechanical engineering is the field of engineering in which most progress has been made 11 - Investigating the impact of renewable energy on the field of electrical engineering 12 - The role of engineering in sustainable infrastructure development and urban planning 13 - Investigating the impact of robotics and automation on manufacturing and industrial engineering 14 - The role of civil engineering in designing and building sustainable cities 15 - Investigating the impact of materials science on the field of engineering 16 - The role of aerospace engineering in space exploration and travel 17 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles 18 - The role of chemical engineering in developing sustainable manufacturing processes and materials 19 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the development of healthcare technology and medical devices 20 - The role of engineering in designing and building renewable energy systems and infrastructure 21 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the design and construction of sustainable buildings and architecture 22 - The role of engineering in developing and improving transportation systems 23 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the design and construction of bridges and other infrastructure projects 24 - The role of engineering in developing and improving telecommunications networks 25 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the development of the Internet and information technology 26 - The role of environmental engineering in mitigating the impact of climate change 27 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the development of cybersecurity and digital privacy 28 - The role of engineering in developing and improving water treatment and sanitation systems 29 - Investigating the impact of engineering on the design and construction of military and defence technology 30 - The role of engineering in developing and improving disaster response and recovery systems.

EPQ Ideas for Politics

Look into EPQ topics chosen by experienced A-Level Politics tutors :

1 - Should the two-party system in the USA be abolished? 2 - What are the core differences between how politics in the UK and US is run? 3 - Why should we ban politicians from accepting financial support from companies? 4 - What political system, in theory, would be the best for the globe? 5 - What’s the difference between freedom of speech and hate speech? 6 - Why has the USA never elected a female president? 7 - Which global power is the most ideal for the world as a whole? 8 - How did Australia’s political response to COVID impact their economic standing? 9 - To what extent do people become more conservative as they grow up? 10 - The youngest generations are the only ones interested in climate change - what does this mean for the political future of the UK? 11 - Investigating the impact of social media on political discourse and public opinion 12 - The role of political ideologies in shaping policy and decision-making 13 - Investigating the impact of political polarisation on democratic institutions and society 14 - The role of political leadership in shaping national and international policy 15 - Investigating the impact of foreign policy on global conflict and cooperation 16 - The role of political parties in shaping policy and elections 17 - Investigating the impact of economic policies on income inequality and social mobility 18 - The role of the media in shaping public opinion and political discourse 19 - Investigating the impact of populism on democratic institutions and society 20 - The role of international organisations in shaping global policy and cooperation 21 - Investigating the impact of social movements on political change and policy 22 - The role of identity politics in shaping policy and decision-making 23 - Investigating the impact of political activism on democratic institutions and society 24 - The role of immigration policy in shaping national identity and culture 25 - Investigating the impact of political corruption on democratic institutions and society 26 - The role of the judiciary in shaping policy and protecting human rights 27 - Investigating the impact of globalisation on national and international politics 28 - The role of public opinion in shaping policy and decision-making 29 - Investigating the impact of military and defence policy on international relations 30 - The role of diplomacy in shaping global policy and cooperation.

EPQ Ideas for Sociology

1 - Class is, by far, the most important factor when it comes to existing within society. 2 - How do societal standards shape the career paths of a country’s citizens? 3 - How does diaspora impact the ability for culture to be passed down through the generations? 4 - Social perceptions of women have not changed over the past 50 years. 5 - To what extent are we still living in a world filled with sexism, racism, and homophobia? 6 - An exploration of how modern-day Britain is still a racist society. 7 - To what extent is there a connection between class and race? 8 - What is culture, and how does it exist within communities? 9 - The evolution of polyamory and its modern-day presence in society. 10 - People are too different to get along; modern-day ideologies are too divisive for people to agree on anything. 11 - Investigating the impact of social media on social identity and relationships 12 - The role of gender and sexuality in shaping identity and social norms 13 - Investigating the impact of technology on social interaction and relationships 14 - The role of religion and spirituality in shaping individual and group identity 15 - Investigating the impact of social inequality on access to education and opportunity 16 - The role of language and communication in shaping culture and identity 17 - Investigating the impact of immigration and multiculturalism on social identity and integration 18 - The role of power and authority in shaping social structures and institutions 19 - Investigating the impact of social movements on social change and progress 20 - The role of social class and status in shaping access to resources and opportunity 21 - Investigating the impact of ageing on social identity and relationships 22 - The role of social norms and values in shaping behaviour and attitudes 23 - Investigating the impact of social support on mental and physical health 24 - The role of social control and deviance in shaping social order and justice 25 - Investigating the impact of globalisation on social identity and culture 26 - The role of family and kinship in shaping social identity and relationships 27 - Investigating the impact of social media on political engagement and activism 28 - The role of race and ethnicity in shaping social identity and discrimination 29 - Investigating the impact of social class on health and well-being 30 - The role of social mobility in shaping access to opportunity and social change.

EPQ Ideas for Psychology

Explore these unique EPQ ideas guided by renowned A-Level Psychology tutors :

1 - Explore the presence of mental health within literature 2 - Are representations of mental disorders in film helping or hindering the cause? 3 - Is the American treatment of ADHD too harsh for children? 4 - How does a child’s environment while growing up impact the development of their brain? 5 - Why do different people manage depression in distinct ways? 6 - The psychology of addiction: exploring the science behind addictive behaviour 7 - The role of mindfulness and meditation in reducing anxiety and stress 8 - Investigating the impact of childhood experiences on adult attachment styles 9 - The psychology of decision-making: why do people make the choices they do? 10 - Exploring the science behind sleep: the impact of sleep on cognitive function and mental health 11 - The impact of cultural differences on communication styles and interpersonal relationships 12 - The role of emotional intelligence in personal and professional success 13 - Investigating the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health and well-being 14 - The psychology of creativity: exploring the science behind creative thinking and innovation 15 - The impact of social norms on individual behaviour and decision-making 16 - The role of motivation in goal-setting and achievement 17 - Investigating the psychology of personality: what makes us who we are? 18 - The impact of positive psychology interventions on well-being and life satisfaction 19 - The psychology of persuasion: exploring the science behind influence and persuasion 20 - The impact of technology on social relationships and communication 21 - The role of self-compassion in promoting mental health and well-being 22 - Investigating the psychology of memory: how do we remember and forget? 23 - The impact of social comparison on self-esteem and well-being 24 - The psychology of procrastination: why do people delay and avoid tasks? 25 - The impact of parenting styles on child development and mental health 26 - The role of self-efficacy in promoting achievement and success 27 - Investigating the impact of social identity on group behaviour and decision-making 28 - The psychology of resilience: exploring the science behind coping with adversity 29 - The impact of gender roles on behaviour and socialisation 30 - The psychology of love and relationships: exploring the science behind romantic attraction and attachment.

EPQ Ideas for Law

Here are some specialised EPQ ideas from leading A-Level Law tutors :

1 - The impact of technology on the future of law enforcement and criminal justice 2 - The role of international criminal law in promoting accountability and justice for human rights violations 3 - Investigating the impact of family law on the definition and recognition of diverse family structures 4 - The impact of immigration law on the integration and social mobility of immigrants and refugees 5 - The role of data protection law in promoting privacy and security in the digital age. 6 - The jury system is outdated and should be removed. 7 - Language and law are intertwined; to what extent is court a verbal game? 8 - Does police presence do more harm than good? 9 - Should insanity be considered a valid defense for committing a crime? 10 - How effective is the UK legal system in punishing crimes? 11 - Investigating the impact of technology on privacy and the law 12 - The impact of social media on the legal system: exploring the challenges and opportunities 13 - The impact of international law on human rights and global justice 14 - The role of legal precedent in shaping the law: exploring the concept of stare decisis 15 - Investigating the impact of judicial activism on the law: should judges make policy? 16 - The impact of terrorism on civil liberties and the law 17 - The role of corporate law in promoting ethical business practices 18 - Investigating the impact of hate crime legislation on social attitudes and behaviour 19 - The impact of family law on child welfare and protection 20 - The role of intellectual property law in promoting innovation and creativity 21 - Investigating the impact of immigration law on social inclusion and diversity 22 - The impact of human rights law on social justice and equality 23 - The role of employment law in promoting workplace diversity and inclusion 24 - Investigating the impact of environmental law on conservation and sustainability 25 - The impact of criminal law on society: exploring the relationship between punishment and rehabilitation 26 - The role of property law in promoting economic growth and development 27 - Investigating the impact of media law on freedom of expression and privacy 28 - The impact of animal rights law on animal welfare and protection 29 - The role of contract law in promoting fair business practices and consumer protection 30 - Investigating the impact of competition law on market regulation and consumer welfare.

EPQ Ideas for Computer Science

See EPQ ideas from world's top A-Level Computer Science tutors :

1 - What is the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on modern society? 2 - What ethical considerations are there surrounding facial recognition technology? 3 - How does social media impact user privacy and security? 4 - What is the potential of virtual and augmented reality technology? 5 - What ethical considerations are there surrounding autonomous vehicles? 6 - How can machine learning help predict natural disasters? 7 - What is quantum computing technology and how will it impact the future? 8 - How do computer viruses impact cybersecurity? 9 - What is the role of blockchain technology in promoting secure and transparent transactions? 10 - How does machine translation technology impact communication? 11 - What is the impact of technology on mental health and well-being? 12 - How can gamification be used to enhance education and learning? 13 - What is the impact of technology on the entertainment industry? 14 - How does smart home technology impact daily life? 15 - What is the potential of biometric identification technology in security and authentication? 16 - The development and impact of cloud computing technology. 17 - Cybernetics and its role in advancing human-computer interaction. 18 - Chatbot technology and its impact on customer service. 19 - The potential of natural language processing technology. 20 - The use of big data in decision making. 21 - The impact of technology on the job market and employment opportunities. 22 - The development and impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. 23 - The role of cybersecurity in protecting personal information. 24 - The development and potential of 5G technology. 25 - The impact of technology on urban planning and city infrastructure. 26 - The role of computer vision in modern technology. 27 - The development and potential of autonomous drones. 28 - The use of virtual assistants in everyday life. 29 - The potential of voice recognition technology. 30 - The impact of technology on the environment and sustainability.

EPQ Ideas for Medicine

You may be interested in this article about whether you should take an EPQ to study medicine .

1 - How effective are vaccines in preventing disease outbreaks? 2 - The potential of gene editing technology in treating genetic disorders. 3 - The use of medical marijuana for pain relief. 4 - Can mindfulness meditation help with mental health issues? 5 - The impact of sleep deprivation on mental and physical health. 6 - The effectiveness of alternative medicine in treating certain conditions. 7 - What are the potential side effects of long-term antibiotic use? 8 - The use of stem cell therapy in treating various diseases. 9 - How can we improve access to healthcare for underprivileged communities? 10 - The role of nutrition in disease prevention and treatment. 11 - What is the impact of social determinants of health on healthcare access and outcomes? 12 - The use of telemedicine in remote patient care. 13 - Can herbal supplements be used to treat certain conditions? 14 - The potential of regenerative medicine in tissue engineering. 15 - What is the relationship between gut health and overall wellbeing? 16 - The impact of climate change on public health. 17 - The potential of precision medicine in personalised treatment. 18 - The role of vaccination in disease prevention and herd immunity. 19 - How does exercise impact mental and physical health? 20 - The use of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. 21 - What ethical considerations are there surrounding genetic testing? 22 - The potential of gene therapy in treating inherited diseases. 23 - The impact of air pollution on respiratory health. 24 - The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy in treating mental health issues. 25 - Can acupuncture be used to treat chronic pain? 26 - The role of lifestyle factors in disease prevention. 27 - How can we improve access to mental health services? 28 - The use of artificial intelligence in medical diagnosis. 29 - The impact of stress on mental and physical health. 30 - The effectiveness of music therapy in treating mental health issues.

These are some of our best EPQ ideas for a range of popular subjects. Each of these titles is meant to give you inspiration, helping you to find a topic that you’re interested in.

Need Expert Help?

If you’re looking for assistance with your EPQ or A-Levels, get in touch with the TutorChase team and we’ll be able to provide you with an expert EPQ tutor and A-Level tutor . We’ll be there every step of the way!

Professional tutor and Cambridge University researcher

Written by: Dr Rahil Sachak-Patwa

Rahil spent ten years working as private tutor, teaching students for GCSEs, A-Levels, and university admissions. During his PhD he published papers on modelling infectious disease epidemics and was a tutor to undergraduate and masters students for mathematics courses.

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450 Ideas and Everything You Need to Know About the EPQ

• The EPQ (Extended Project Qualification) is a great way to earn extra UCAS points
• It can be an essay, or it can be an entirely different project
• It has many benefits, especially for students looking at top universities
• You can choose from an endless selection of EPQ topic ideas and EPQ examples with little restrictions

What Could Your EPQ Be?

An EPQ, or Extended Project Qualification, is a project that can be taken on by A-level students, and it’s worth 50% of an A-level.

Your EPQ could be a:

• Dissertation of around 5,000 words
• Project , report or artefact backed up by paper work.

There are little restrictions on what topics could be chosen for your EPQ, as long as it’s approved by your institution. You could target a topic you’re studying, or a topic not taught in an A-level course to demonstrate your interest and intellectual versatility.

Benefits of an EPQ

Some of the best teachers in the world tutor at Crimson! Our expert teachers identified 5 huge benefits that you get out of doing an EPQ:

1. Showcasing Super-Curricular Excellence

Top UK universities look for students who go above and beyond the standard curriculum.

The EPQ allows you to showcase your super-curricular engagement with a favorite academic subject, demonstrating not just knowledge but a genuine passion for learning.

2. Exploring New Subjects

The EPQ gives you an opportunity to study subjects that are not taught at A-level. It gives you a chance to showcase your intellectual versatility, something that top universities love to see .

By exploring a subject not offered at A Level, you exhibit a broad academic curiosity and a hunger for knowledge.

3. Mastering Skills for Academic Success

The EPQ is a golden opportunity to develop independent research, critical thinking, and project management skills – all crucial for thriving in higher education.

When working on your EPQ, you’ll confidently navigate complex research, make informed decisions, and manage a project from inception to completion – skills that set you apart in the competitive admissions landscape.

4. Gaining Additional UCAS Points

In the fierce competition for university spots, every point counts. Completing an EPQ not only enriches your academic profile but also adds those coveted extra UCAS points .

The EPQ could grant you up to an extra 28 UCAS points!

5. Equipping Yourself with Invaluable Transferable Skills

The EPQ is a gateway to acquiring invaluable transferable skills – from effective presentation to confident decision-making.

These skills transcend the classroom, positioning you as a well-rounded candidate prepared to excel both in university and future professional endeavors.

Interested in learning more? Attend one of our free events

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EPQ Examples

As mentioned above, a dissertation or essay is only one way to approach your EPQ. The EPQ opens doors to so many project possibilities, allowing you to explore your interests and showcase your skills in various creative ways.

20 EPQ Examples:

• Documentary Film: Create a visually engaging documentary exploring a historical event, social issue, or scientific phenomenon.
• Podcast Series: Dive into podcasting by producing a series that delves into topics such as literature, culture, or current affairs.
• Art Exhibition: Showcase your artistic talents by curating an exhibition that explores a theme or conveys a message.
• Scientific Experiment: Conduct an in-depth scientific experiment and present your findings, methodology, and conclusions.
• Business Plan: Develop a comprehensive business plan for a startup, considering market analysis, financial projections, and marketing strategies.
• Creative Writing Portfolio: Craft a collection of short stories, poems, or a novel, displaying your creative writing prowess.
• Historical Reenactment: Bring history to life by organizing and participating in a historical reenactment event.
• Mathematical Model: Create a complex mathematical model to solve a real-world problem, demonstrating the practical applications of mathematics.
• Computer Program or App: Develop a functional computer program or mobile app that addresses a specific need or problem.
• Educational Board Game: Design and produce an educational board game aimed at teaching a particular subject or skill.
• Campaign and Advocacy Project: Take on a social or environmental cause, developing and implementing a campaign to raise awareness and provoke change.
• Musical Composition: Compose an original piece of music or a full musical score for a play, film, or even a video game.
• Fashion Collection: Design and create a fashion collection, exploring themes such as sustainability or cultural influences.
• Psychological Experiment: Devise and conduct a psychological experiment, analyzing human behavior or cognitive processes.
• Architectural Model: Create a detailed architectural model for a theoretical building or urban planning project.
• Language Learning App: Develop an app focused on language learning, incorporating innovative features to enhance the learning experience.
• Robotics Project: Build a functional robot, detailing the design process, programming, and potential applications.
• Photography Exhibition: Showcase your photography skills by curating an exhibition with a theme or message.
• Health and Fitness Program: Design a personalized health and fitness program, incorporating nutritional plans and exercise routines.
• Political Analysis Report: Conduct an in-depth analysis of a political issue, policy, or historical event, presenting your findings in a detailed report.

EPQ Ideas  

Epq ideas for biology.

• The Impact of Genetic Engineering on Agriculture: A Critical Analysis
• Exploring CRISPR-Cas9 Technology: Revolutionizing Genetic Editing
• The Role of Microbiome in Human Health and Disease
• Comparative Analysis of Plant Adaptations in Different Biomes
• Investigating the Relationship Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
• The Ethics of Cloning: Examining the Bioethical Implications
• The Evolutionary Significance of Biodiversity in Rainforests
• Stem Cell Research: A Breakthrough in Regenerative Medicine
• The Interplay Between Genetics and Environmental Factors in Disease Susceptibility
• Climate Change's Impact on Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study
• The Use of CRISPR in Treating Genetic Disorders
• Understanding the Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
• The Role of Epigenetics in Inheritance and Gene Expression
• Analyzing the Impact of Pesticides on Bee Populations
• The Biochemical Basis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Human Evolution: A Comparative Study of Hominid Species
• The CRISPR Revolution: Opportunities and Ethical Dilemmas
• The Application of Synthetic Biology in Medicine
• The Role of Genetics in Cancer: Identifying Biomarkers for Early Detection
• Exploring the Potential of Gene Therapy in Treating Genetic Disorders
• The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Coral Reefs
• Biological Control of Invasive Species: Balancing Ecosystems
• The Connection Between Sleep Patterns and Biological Rhythms
• The Role of Hormones in Human Behavior and Mental Health
• Analyzing the Genetics of Rare Diseases: Implications for Treatment
• Evolutionary Ecology of Predator-Prey Relationships
• The Use of Biotechnology in Crop Improvement and Food Security
• Investigating the Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on Wildlife
• The Microbiome and Immune System: Partners in Health
• Neurobiology of Addiction: Understanding the Biological Basis

EPQ Ideas For Chemistry

• Green Chemistry: Strategies for Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Practices
• Nanotechnology in Medicine: Advancements and Potential Applications
• Analyzing the Chemistry of Taste: Molecular Basis of Flavor Perception
• The Role of Catalysts in Chemical Reactions: A Comprehensive Study
• Synthetic Polymers vs. Biodegradable Polymers: Environmental Impacts
• Investigating the Chemistry of Superfoods and Their Health Benefits
• Applications of Electrochemistry in Energy Storage Devices
• Quantum Dots: Nanoscale Wonders in Electronic and Photonic Devices
• The Chemistry Behind Drug Design and Development
• Chemical Analysis of Air Pollutants: Sources and Solutions
• The Chemistry of Photosynthesis: Unlocking Nature's Energy Secrets
• Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Applications in Gas Storage and Separation
• Exploring the Chemistry of Perfumes: Molecular Components and Fragrance Design
• The Impact of pH on Enzyme Activity: Understanding Biological Catalysis
• Chemical Kinetics: Investigating Reaction Rates and Mechanisms
• The Chemistry of Art Conservation: Preserving Cultural Heritage
• Catalytic Converters: Mitigating Environmental Impact in Automobiles
• Analytical Chemistry Techniques in Forensic Science: Solving Crimes
• The Chemistry of Food Preservation: From Canning to Refrigeration
• Understanding the Chemistry of Water Treatment Processes
• Molecular Gastronomy: The Science Behind Culinary Innovations
• Supramolecular Chemistry: Designing Complex Molecular Structures
• The Chemistry of Battery Technologies: Advancements and Challenges
• Chemical Warfare Agents: A Historical and Contemporary Perspective
• Exploring the Chemistry of Antioxidants in Health and Wellness
• The Role of Transition Metals in Biological Systems: Bioinorganic Chemistry
• Environmental Impact of Pharmaceuticals: Analyzing Residue in Water Systems
• The Chemistry of Bioluminescence: Illuminating the Natural World
• Chirality in Drug Development: Importance and Challenges
• Chemical Aspects of Brewing: From Hops to Fermentation Processes

EPQ Ideas For Physics

• Quantum Computing: The Future of Information Processing
• Astrophysics and Dark Matter: Unraveling the Cosmic Mystery
• The Physics of Renewable Energy: Exploring Sustainable Power Sources
• String Theory: Investigating the Fundamental Building Blocks of the Universe
• Applications of Quantum Mechanics in Modern Technology
• The Physics of Time Travel: Theoretical Possibilities and Paradoxes
• Nuclear Fusion: Harnessing the Power of the Sun on Earth
• The Role of Physics in Medical Imaging Technologies
• The Physics of Music: Acoustics and Instrument Design
• Quantum Entanglement: Spooky Action at a Distance
• The Search for Extraterrestrial Life: Astrophysical Approaches
• Superconductivity: Applications and Challenges in Technology
• The Physics of Sports: Analyzing the Mechanics Behind Athletic Performance
• Gravitational Waves: Detecting Ripples in Spacetime
• The Physics of Climate Change: Understanding the Science Behind Global Warming
• Particle Physics: Exploring Subatomic Particles and Their Interactions
• The Physics of Fluid Dynamics: Applications in Engineering and Nature
• Theoretical Physics and the Nature of Reality: Einstein's Legacy
• Quantum Teleportation: The Possibilities and Limitations
• The Physics of Traffic Flow: Modeling and Optimization
• Black Holes: Nature's Most Mysterious Cosmic Phenomena
• The Physics of Quantum Computing: Challenges and Breakthroughs
• The Physics of Roller Coasters: Designing Thrilling Rides
• The Role of Physics in Medical Diagnostics: Imaging Techniques
• The Physics of Materials: Properties and Applications
• Chaos Theory: Understanding Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
• The Physics of Nuclear Weapons: Science and Global Security
• The Higgs Boson: Unraveling the Mysteries of Particle Mass
• The Physics of Artificial Intelligence: Quantum Computing Perspectives
• Optical Illusions: Exploring the Physics Behind Visual Deceptions

EPQ Ideas for Computer Science

• Quantum Computing: Promises, Challenges, and Potential Applications
• Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence: Bias, Accountability, and Transparency
• Blockchain Technology: Beyond Cryptocurrencies
• Cybersecurity Threats and Countermeasures in the Digital Age
• The Impact of Machine Learning on Healthcare: Diagnostics and Treatment
• Human-Computer Interaction: Designing User-Friendly Interfaces
• The Evolution of Programming Languages: From Assembly to High-Level Languages
• Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): Applications and Future Trends
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Vehicles
• Natural Language Processing: Challenges and Advances in Language Understanding
• Quantum Cryptography: Securing Communication with Quantum Mechanics
• The Ethics of Data Collection and Privacy in the Internet Age
• The Rise of Edge Computing: Redefining Cloud Computing Architectures
• Algorithmic Trading: The Impact of Automated Systems on Financial Markets
• Computer Vision: Applications in Image Recognition and Analysis
• The Intersection of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence: Creating Intelligent Machines
• Big Data Analytics in Business: Extracting Insights from Large Datasets
• The Role of Machine Learning in Predictive Policing: Benefits and Concerns
• The Future of Quantum Internet: Secure Communication with Quantum Entanglement
• Deep Learning: Neural Networks and Their Applications
• The Dark Web: Unveiling the Hidden Layers of the Internet
• The Impact of 5G Technology on Communication and Connectivity
• Programming Quantum Computers: Challenges and Opportunities
• The Role of Computer Science in Climate Modeling and Environmental Studies
• Voice Recognition Technology: Advancements and Challenges
• E-Learning Platforms: The Integration of Technology in Education
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Development
• Digital Forensics: Investigating Cyber Crimes and Security Breaches
• Internet of Things (IoT): Connecting Devices for a Smart Future
• Computer-Aided Design (CAD): Revolutionizing Engineering and Architecture

EPQ Ideas For Law

• The Impact of Cybercrime Laws on Digital Privacy
• Analyzing the Efficacy of International Human Rights Treaties
• The Legal Implications of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
• The Role of Constitutional Law in Shaping National Policies
• The Evolution of Criminal Law: From Traditional to Cyber Crimes
• Exploring the Legal and Ethical Dimensions of Euthanasia
• The Intersection of Law and Medicine: Medical Malpractice Cases
• Copyright Law in the Digital Age: Challenges and Solutions
• The Legal Status of Environmental Rights and Responsibilities
• Comparative Analysis of Legal Systems: Civil Law vs. Common Law
• The Impact of Social Media on Defamation Laws
• Legal Issues Surrounding Genetic Engineering and Human Cloning
• The Role of International Law in Addressing Climate Change
• The Legal Implications of Biometric Data Collection and Use
• Examining the Role of Legal Precedent in Judicial Decision-Making
• The Legalization of Marijuana: Impacts on Society and Legislation
• The Relationship Between Law and Economics: A Critical Analysis
• The Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Legal Protections and Challenges
• The Legal Dimensions of Cybersecurity: Policies and Practices
• The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Intellectual Property Law
• The Legal Implications of Mass Surveillance Programs
• The Role of International Criminal Law in Addressing War Crimes
• Laws Governing Digital Currency and Cryptocurrencies
• The Legal and Ethical Issues of DNA Profiling in Criminal Investigations
• The Legal Status of Privacy in the Workplace
• The Intersection of Law and Technology: Challenges in the Digital Age
• LGBTQ+ Rights: Legal Progress and Ongoing Challenges
• The Legal Implications of Autonomous Vehicles on Traffic Laws
• Legal Issues Surrounding Data Privacy and Social Media Platforms
• The Role of Legal Ethics in the Practice of Law

EPQ Ideas for Psychology

• The Influence of Social Media on Mental Health: A Psychological Perspective
• Exploring the Relationship Between Sleep Patterns and Cognitive Functioning
• The Impact of Childhood Trauma on Adult Mental Health
• The Psychology of Addiction: Understanding Behavioral and Substance Dependencies
• The Role of Positive Psychology in Promoting Well-being and Happiness
• Analyzing the Effects of Video Games on Aggression and Behavior
• The Psychological Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness
• The Intersection of Psychology and Artificial Intelligence: Ethical Considerations
• The Psychology of Decision-Making: Factors Influencing Choices
• Understanding the Psychological Impact of Chronic Illness on Patients
• The Relationship Between Personality and Career Choice: A Longitudinal Study
• The Influence of Parenting Styles on Child Development
• The Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination: Exploring Implicit Bias
• The Effects of Mindfulness and Meditation on Mental Health
• The Psychology of Procrastination: Causes and Interventions
• Exploring the Connection Between Music and Mood: The Emotional Power of Music
• The Impact of Technology on Cognitive Development in Children
• The Psychology of Body Image: Media Influence and Societal Standards
• The Role of Attachment Theory in Understanding Interpersonal Relationships
• The Psychology of Leadership: Traits and Behaviors of Effective Leaders
• Analyzing the Psychological Factors Contributing to Eating Disorders
• The Influence of Gender Stereotypes on Career Choices: A Psychological Perspective
• The Psychology of Resilience: Coping Mechanisms in the Face of Adversity
• The Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Anxiety and Depression
• The Psychological Impact of Environmental Factors on Human Behavior
• The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Academic Achievement
• The Role of Psychology in Criminal Profiling and Investigative Techniques
• The Psychological Effects of Virtual Reality: Immersion and Presence
• Understanding the Psychology of Humor: The Cognitive and Emotional Aspects
• The Impact of Social Support on Mental Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Study

EPQ Ideas for History

• The Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Society and Economy
• The Role of Women in Ancient Civilizations: A Comparative Study
• The Causes and Consequences of World War I: A Comprehensive Analysis
• The Significance of the Renaissance in European Cultural and Intellectual History
• The Legacy of Colonialism in Modern Africa: Social and Economic Impacts
• The Cultural and Political Effects of the Black Death in Medieval Europe
• The Rise and Fall of Ancient Empires: A Comparative Study of Rome and Persia
• The Harlem Renaissance: Cultural Flourishing in 1920s America
• The Impact of the Silk Road on Global Trade and Cultural Exchange
• The Cuban Missile Crisis: Cold War Tensions and Nuclear Diplomacy
• The Enlightenment and Its Influence on Modern Political Thought
• The Reconstruction Era in the United States: Successes, Failures, and Legacies
• The Role of Propaganda in Shaping Public Opinion During World War II
• The Cultural Revolution in China: Socio-Political Changes and Consequences
• The Mayan Civilization: Achievements, Decline, and Cultural Legacy
• The Causes and Effects of the French Revolution: A Historical Analysis
• The Role of Religion in Shaping Medieval European Society
• The Vietnam War: Causes, Course, and Legacy
• The Impact of the Bubonic Plague on Medieval European Society
• The Transatlantic Slave Trade: Historical Roots and Lasting Effects
• The Suffragette Movement: Women's Struggle for Voting Rights
• The Partition of India: Historical Roots and Socio-Political Consequences
• The Cold War Space Race: Scientific Achievements and Political Rivalry
• The Cultural Exchange Along the Silk Road: Art, Religion, and Ideas
• The Opium Wars in China: Imperialism and Its Consequences
• The Golden Age of Islamic Civilization: Contributions to Science, Art, and Philosophy
• The Crusades: Causes, Course, and Long-Term Effects
• The Impact of the Great Depression on Global Economies
• The Roman Empire and Its Legacy: Contributions to Law, Engineering, and Governance
• The Zulu Kingdom: Rise, Expansion, and Resistance to Colonial Rule

EPQ Ideas for Mathematics

• The P versus NP Problem: Unraveling the Complexity of Algorithms
• Fermat's Last Theorem: From Conjecture to Proof
• Fractals in Nature and Art: Exploring Mathematical Patterns
• Game Theory and Its Applications in Economics and Decision-Making
• The Riemann Hypothesis: A Deep Dive into Number Theory
• Graph Theory: Applications in Network Analysis and Optimization
• The Beauty of Mathematical Symmetry: Aesthetic and Structural Significance
• The Four Color Theorem: Coloring Maps with the Fewest Colors
• The Mathematics of Cryptography: Ensuring Information Security
• Knot Theory: Unraveling the Mathematics of Tangles and Knots
• The History and Impact of Calculus on Science and Engineering
• Prime Numbers and Cryptography: The RSA Algorithm
• The Applications of Probability Theory in Real-world Scenarios
• The Mathematics of Music: Harmonic Analysis and Composition
• Coding Theory: Error Detection and Correction in Data Transmission
• The Golden Ratio: Its Presence in Art, Architecture, and Nature
• The Traveling Salesman Problem: Optimization in Route Planning
• Hyperbolic Geometry: A Non-Euclidean Approach to Geometry
• The Application of Fourier Analysis in Signal Processing
• The Navier-Stokes Equations: Challenges in Fluid Dynamics
• The Mathematics of Climate Modeling: Understanding Global Patterns
• Zero Knowledge Proofs: Enhancing Security in Cryptography
• Combinatorial Game Theory: Strategies and Winning Strategies
• The Application of Fibonacci Numbers in Nature and Mathematics
• The Mathematics of Artificial Intelligence: Algorithms and Learning Models
• The Collatz Conjecture: An Unresolved Problem in Number Theory
• Mathematics in Ancient Civilizations: Contributions and Discoveries
• The Role of Topology in Understanding Shapes and Spaces
• The Mathematics of Quantum Mechanics: Probability and Wave Functions

EPQ Ideas for Film Studies

• The Evolution of Film Genres: A Comparative Analysis of Classic and Contemporary Approaches
• The Impact of Streaming Services on the Film Industry: Challenges and Opportunities
• The Representation of Gender and Sexuality in Contemporary Cinema
• Cinematic Adaptations of Literature: Analyzing the Translation from Page to Screen
• The Influence of Film Scores on Audience Perception and Emotional Engagement
• The Role of Film Festivals in Shaping Global Cinema and Cultural Exchange
• The Art of Cinematography: Exploring the Work of Influential Cinematographers
• The Rise of Independent Cinema: A Critical Examination of Indie Filmmaking
• The Use of Color in Film: Symbolism and Visual Storytelling
• The Impact of Digital Technology on Film Production and Special Effects
• The Representation of Mental Health Issues in Cinema: A Critical Analysis
• Film Censorship: Examining the Ethics and Implications of Content Regulation
• The Auteur Theory: Analyzing the Creative Vision of Film Directors
• The Portrayal of Historical Events in Film: Accuracy and Interpretation
• The Influence of Cultural Diversity on Film Narratives and Storytelling
• The Golden Age of Hollywood: Examining the Studio System and its Legacy
• The Impact of Social Media on Film Promotion and Audience Reception
• The Role of Sound Design in Film: Enhancing Narrative and Atmosphere
• Cinematic Representations of Identity: Race, Ethnicity, and Nationality
• The Use of Symbolism in Surrealist Cinema: A Study of Visual Metaphors
• The Influence of French New Wave Cinema on Filmmaking Techniques
• The Role of Costume Design in Period Films: Creating Authenticity
• Cinematic Depictions of War: Propaganda, Realism, and Anti-War Messages
• The Impact of Film on Cultural Memory: Examining Cinematic Histories
• The Intersection of Animation and Technology: Innovations and Trends
• The Representation of LGBTQ+ Characters in Mainstream Cinema
• The Legacy of Silent Cinema: Influence on Contemporary Filmmaking
• Cinematic Depictions of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics: Ethical Considerations
• The Use of Film as a Form of Political Activism: Case Studies and Analysis
• The Influence of Film Noir on Modern Crime and Mystery Genres

EPQ Ideas for Business

• The Impact of E-commerce on Traditional Retail: A Comparative Analysis
• Corporate Social Responsibility: Assessing its Role in Business Ethics
• The Rise of Gig Economy: Implications for Workers and Businesses
• Digital Marketing Strategies: A Comparative Study of Successful Campaigns
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Business Decision-Making
• The Influence of Globalization on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
• The Future of Work: Examining Trends in Remote Work and Flexibility
• Entrepreneurship in the Digital Age: Navigating Challenges and Opportunities
• The Impact of COVID-19 on Business Models and Economic Resilience
• Strategic Management: Analyzing the Approaches of Successful Companies
• The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Leadership and Organizational Success
• Supply Chain Resilience: Lessons Learned from Global Disruptions
• Corporate Governance: Evaluating the Relationship Between Boards and Performance
• The Role of Innovation in Sustainable Business Practices
• The Effects of Consumer Behavior on Marketing Strategies and Branding
• Business Analytics: Leveraging Data for Informed Decision-Making
• The Impact of Diversity and Inclusion on Organizational Performance
• The Circular Economy: Shifting Towards Sustainable Business Practices
• Financial Technology (Fintech): Revolutionizing the Banking and Finance Industry
• Strategies for Managing Organizational Change: Case Studies and Best Practices
• The Role of Leadership Styles in Organizational Culture and Productivity
• The Influence of Corporate Culture on Employee Engagement and Performance
• Economic Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions: A Comparative Analysis
• The Role of Branding in Consumer Loyalty and Market Positioning
• The Integration of Blockchain Technology in Business Operations
• Corporate Innovation: Strategies for Fostering Creativity and Adaptability
• The Impact of Trade Policies on Global Business Operations
• Evaluating the Effectiveness of Employee Training and Development Programs
• Business Resilience in Times of Crisis: Strategies for Sustainability
• The Role of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems in Enhancing Business Success

EPQ Ideas for Medicine

• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosing Medical Conditions
• The Impact of Telemedicine on Healthcare Accessibility
• Precision Medicine: Tailoring Treatments Based on Genetic Factors
• Exploring the Ethics of Human Gene Editing in Medicine
• The Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Mental Health
• Analyzing the Effectiveness of Vaccination Programs in Preventing Diseases
• The Role of Stem Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine
• The Implications of CRISPR Technology in Genetic Medicine
• The Use of Nanomedicine in Cancer Treatment
• The Psychological Impact of Chronic Illness on Patients
• Global Health Disparities: Challenges and Solutions
• The Role of Artificial Organs in Transplantation Medicine
• The Intersection of Medicine and Artificial Intelligence in Imaging Diagnosis
• The Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Cardiovascular Health
• The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance: Causes and Strategies for Mitigation
• The Role of Epigenetics in Disease Development and Prevention
• The Ethics of Organ Transplantation: Allocation and Donor Criteria
• The Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on Healthcare Disparities
• The Use of Virtual Reality in Medical Training and Patient Care
• The Relationship Between Mental Health and Inflammatory Disorders
• Exploring the Potential of CRISPR in Treating Genetic Disorders
• The Impact of Climate Change on the Spread of Infectious Diseases
• The Application of 3D Printing in Medicine: Customized Implants and Prosthetics
• The Role of Medical Imaging in Early Disease Detection
• The Ethical Considerations of Human Cloning in Medicine
• The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Function and Mental Health
• The Use of Robotics in Surgery: Advancements and Challenges
• The Psychological Factors in Patient Adherence to Treatment Plans
• The Impact of Social Determinants on Maternal and Child Health

EPQ Ideas for Engineering

• The Future of Sustainable Transportation: Electric Vehicles and Beyond
• Smart Cities: Integrating Technology for Urban Development
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design and Automation
• Renewable Energy Integration into the Power Grid: Challenges and Solutions
• Biomimicry in Engineering: Learning from Nature for Innovative Design
• 3D Printing in Aerospace: Advancements and Applications
• The Impact of Internet of Things (IoT) on Industrial Automation
• The Use of Drones in Civil Engineering: Monitoring and Surveying
• Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking): Engineering Challenges and Environmental Impacts
• The Advancements in Materials Science for Aerospace Applications
• Designing Resilient Infrastructure: Strategies for Mitigating Natural Disasters
• The Role of Engineers in Space Exploration: Challenges and Contributions
• The Integration of Blockchain Technology in Engineering Systems
• The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Vehicles
• The Future of High-Speed Rail: Technological Developments and Challenges
• Biomedical Engineering: Innovations in Medical Devices and Prosthetics
• The Use of Virtual Reality in Engineering Design and Simulation
• The Impact of Climate Change on Civil Engineering Infrastructure
• The Potential of Quantum Computing in Solving Complex Engineering Problems
• Carbon Capture and Storage: Engineering Solutions for Climate Change
• The Application of Machine Learning in Structural Health Monitoring
• The Role of Engineers in Disaster Response and Emergency Management
• Human-Centric Design in Robotics: Enhancing Human-Machine Interaction
• The Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Smart Grids
• The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Engineering
• The Impact of 5G Technology on Communication Networks and Infrastructure
• The Engineering Behind Sustainable Architecture and Building Design
• The Future of Transportation: Hyperloop Technology and Maglev Trains
• The Role of Engineering in Water Treatment and Environmental Conservation
• The Challenges of Cybersecurity in Critical Infrastructure Systems

EPQ Ideas for Teaching

• The Impact of Technology on Classroom Learning: Opportunities and Challenges
• Inclusive Education: Strategies for Catering to Diverse Learning Needs
• The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Teaching Practices
• Examining the Efficacy of Flipped Classroom Models in Education
• The Influence of Teacher Expectations on Student Performance
• Integrating Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) into the Curriculum
• The Use of Gamification in Education: Engaging Students through Games
• Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Remote Teaching and Learning
• Culturally Responsive Teaching: Creating Inclusive and Equitable Classrooms
• The Impact of Early Childhood Education on Cognitive Development
• Teacher Burnout: Causes, Prevention, and Strategies for Well-being
• Assessment Methods in Education: A Comparative Analysis
• The Role of Mindfulness in Teacher Professional Development
• Parental Involvement in Education: Its Influence on Student Success
• The Integration of Project-Based Learning in the Classroom
• The Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Strategies in Primary Education
• Teacher-Student Relationships: Their Impact on Academic Achievement
• The Influence of Educational Leadership on School Culture
• The Impact of Standardized Testing on Curriculum and Instruction
• The Role of Educational Technology in Special Education
• The Importance of Teacher Training in Addressing Learning Disabilities
• The Psychology of Motivation in Education: Strategies for Student Engagement
• Promoting Critical Thinking in the Classroom: Strategies and Approaches
• Teacher Professional Development: Models for Continuous Learning
• The Benefits of Outdoor Education: Enhancing Learning through Nature
• The Role of Educational Psychology in Teaching and Learning
• Innovative Teaching Methods: Exploring Unconventional Approaches
• The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Educational Attainment
• The Influence of Teacher Feedback on Student Performance
• Educational Policies: Examining Their Effects on Classroom Practices

EPQ Ideas for Art

• The Evolution of Street Art: From Vandalism to Recognized Art Form
• Art and Activism: The Role of Visual Arts in Social Change
• Analyzing the Impact of Technology on Contemporary Art Practices
• The Influence of Cultural Diversity on Artistic Expression
• The Relationship Between Art and Mental Health: Exploring Therapeutic Benefits
• Art Conservation and Restoration: Balancing Preservation and Intervention
• The Intersection of Art and Artificial Intelligence: Creative Collaborations
• Feminist Art Movements: Examining Gender Representation in Art
• Surrealism in Contemporary Art: Resurgence and Modern Interpretations
• The Influence of Japanese Woodblock Prints on Western Art
• The Role of Public Art Installations in Urban Spaces
• The Representation of Identity in Contemporary Portraiture
• Exploring the Aesthetics of Environmental Art: Eco-conscious Creations
• The Impact of Photography on Traditional Painting: A Comparative Study
• Digital Art: Challenges and Opportunities in the Age of Technology
• The Psychological Impact of Color in Visual Arts: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
• Street Photography: Documenting Urban Life Through the Lens
• The Legacy of Abstract Expressionism: Influences on Contemporary Art
• The Role of Art in Holocaust Memorials and Commemoration
• Art as a Form of Protest: Examining Political Artistic Movements
• Cubism and Beyond: The Influence of Geometric Abstraction in Art
• The Impact of Social Media on Contemporary Art Practices
• The Intersection of Art and Science: Bioart and Technological Innovations
• Artistic Responses to Global Crises: War, Pandemics, and Climate Change
• The Representation of Women in Renaissance Art: Challenging Stereotypes
• Graffiti as an Artistic Expression: Breaking Down Stereotypes
• The Art Market: Commercialization and its Effects on Artistic Integrity
• The Influence of Indigenous Art on Modern and Contemporary Art Movements
• The Role of Museums in Shaping Artistic Discourse and Public Perception
• Art and Philosophy: Exploring the Relationship Between Visual and Conceptual Expression

EPQ Ideas for Politics

• The Impact of Social Media on Political Campaigns and Public Opinion
• Globalization and Its Effects on National Sovereignty
• The Rise of Populism: Causes, Consequences, and Challenges
• The Role of Women in Politics: Breaking Barriers and Redefining Leadership
• Climate Change Policy: Assessing International Cooperation and Challenges
• The Impact of Political Polarization on Democracy
• The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in International Relations
• Examining the Effectiveness of Electoral Systems: Proportional Representation vs. First-Past-The-Post
• The Ethics of Political Lobbying: Balancing Influence and Transparency
• The Relationship Between Economic Inequality and Political Instability
• Human Rights in the Digital Age: Challenges and Protections
• The Impact of Political Advertising on Voter Behavior
• The Influence of Political Cartoons on Public Perception
• Nationalism vs. Globalism: Debates and Implications in Contemporary Politics
• The Role of Political Satire in Shaping Public Discourse
• The Evolution of International Institutions: United Nations and Beyond
• The Impact of Cyber Warfare on International Relations
• The Rise of Authoritarianism: Global Trends and Regional Variances
• The Relationship Between Religion and Politics: Secularism vs. Theocracy
• Political Corruption: Causes, Consequences, and Strategies for Prevention
• The Politics of Immigration: National Security, Humanitarian Concerns, and Economic Impact
• The Impact of Disinformation on Elections and Democratic Processes
• The Role of Supranational Organizations in Shaping Global Governance
• The Politics of Climate Change: International Agreements and Domestic Policies
• The Influence of Political Ideologies on Policy Decision-Making
• The Role of Political Satire in Challenging Authoritarian Regimes
• The Impact of Political Activism and Protest Movements on Policy Change
• The Politics of Identity: Ethnicity, Race, and Nationalism
• The Role of Youth in Shaping Political Movements and Change
• The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Political Decision-Making

How Many UCAS Points are in an EPQ?

The EPQ carries up to 28 UCAS points, depending on what grade you achieve.

Essentially, the EPQ is worth half the UCAS points of an A-level. Here are the different UCAS points you’ll get for different grades on your EPQ:

How Many UCAS Points in an EPQ?

Is the epq the right step for you.

An EPQ is time consuming, but the UCAS points and its other benefits could very well be worth the effort.

The question you’ll need to ask yourself is can you comfortably dedicate the time needed for it? Are the extra UCAS points needed for your dream university?

Speak with one of our expert advisors to find out if an EPQ is the right step for the perfect application. Students working with Crimson are 7x more likely to gain admission to their dream university!

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Remember, you don't have to navigate this journey alone. crimson provides a comprehensive suite of services, from academic mentoring and test prep to essay assistance, extracurricular guidance, and career mentoring, ensuring a holistic approach to your college preparation journey..

600+ EPQ Ideas to Secure an A* Grade

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Make your idea EPiQ!

An EPQ, or Extended Project Qualification, is a fantastic opportunity for students to delve deeply into a subject they're passionate about, conducting independent research and presenting their findings in a structured manner. Whether you're interested in science, humanities, arts, or anything in between, this blog is packed with EPQ ideas to kickstart your journey towards academic excellence. So, let's dive in and explore the possibilities for your EPQ project!

What is an EPQ project?

An Extended Project Qualification or EPQ is level - A standard qualification usually undertaken during year 12 or 13 of school. It is to advance and evolve a student's capabilities beyond the A-level syllabus and prepare for university or their future career. For instance; how is clean energy going to transform lives? It is usually a 5,000-word essay on a topic of your choice and is accompanied by a presentation. You're free to choose any EPQ project ideas you want for your big project, and you can even make it as creative as you want. You can also look for ways to submit EPQ online. Excited to know more about EPQ ideas? Keep scrolling!

How does an EPQ project work?

EPQ ideas involve various stages and ways to go about it. An EPQ project is basically for the evaluators to learn about your skills on various parameters. You pick an EPQ topic of your choice.

1. Dissertation 

Write a dissertation of approximately five thousand words. You need to browse for EPQ topics, for example, EPQ ideas for medicine, EPQ Ideas for Geography, EPQ ideas for Engineering, EPQ ideas for History, or EPQ Ideas for Politics, and voila, you have your EPQ ideas that can help you aim for Grade A. If you need more ideas, have a look at our blog on the 50 Best Finance Dissertation Topics for Research Students and get started! 

2. Artefact 

Another way of working on the EPQ project ideas if your EPQ ideas or EPQ topics where you cannot write a long dissertation is to produce an ‘artefact’, which can be a website, costume, film you shot or musical recording combined with a shorter report. After this stage, you need to prepare a short presentation for people who are not subject matter experts. 

It tends to judge your critical thinking abilities, argument building and support, along with recording and reflecting on your progress. 

Alternative EPQ ideas

If the thought of sitting down and writing 5000 words sounds like your worst nightmare, then you don’t need to do that for your EPQ topic. Students have been getting very creative with their chosen EPQ ideas in the past few years. If an essay is not your thing, you can submit a different kind of EPQ question idea along with a short, 1000-word write-up. Here are some alternatives to writing an EPQ project:

• Write a screenplay
• Create a short film
• Create a prototype for a new invention or product
• Compose an original song

EPQs will take up your time, but they can also often be fun projects if you choose something you like. Explore a bunch of tips and tricks to improve your writing skills that will surely help you to create clear, concise, and engaging content pieces that resonate with your readers. 

What is the purpose of an EPQ project?

Even though EPQs aren’t mandatory for students, you may still want to consider doing one. Your project is a great opportunity for you to showcase your creativity and personality to potential colleges. Your EPQ or EPQ idea will demonstrate your research ability, project management skills, decision-making and diligence to admissions officers, and depending upon what type of EPQ ideas you choose, it can even demonstrate your knowledge about the course you’ve applied for, making you a stronger candidate. 

How to choose an EPQ topic

So, now that you've officially decided to do your EPQ, where do you begin? Well, the first step is choosing a topic from your list of potential EPQ ideas. Thanks to the internet, you have a wealth of knowledge at your fingertips, but sometimes that only makes your choice harder. If you're struggling to choose from a long list of EPQ ideas, here are some tips that can help you get started. 

1. Consider Your Interests 

You are likely going to be spending a fair amount of time researching and writing your EPQ question, so make sure you pick a topic that actually interests you. Suppose you're interested in environmental law, microbiology, policy-making or even have a TV Show you just can't stop thinking about. In that case, that can be the starting point for your EPQ ideas. Think about it: if you're not even interested in reading your EPQ ideas, why would your examiner be? 

2. Start With a Question

Once you've picked a broader topic, it's time to narrow your focus for your EPQ ideas. Writing a detailed paper isn't easy if your topic is too wide, which is why you should try to make your EPQ ideas more specific. For example, suppose you've decided to write about the rise of street art. You could narrow it down to the influence of Banksy on street art in the UK. After you've found a question you want to answer, it'll help you focus your research better. 

3. Make it Interesting 

Whatever EPQ ideas you're choosing from, make sure you make it interesting! Not only will a boring assignment be painful to write, but it'll also be painful to read, and at the end of the day, you want to keep your reader engaged and interested. When you're choosing your EPQ ideas, ensure that you've thought of enough ways that keep your reader interested while reading your assignment. 

4. Make Sure You Have Enough Content

Five thousand words is not an easy task, and with the pressure to achieve an EPQ A level alongside the ticking clock, you already have a lot on your plate. Before you commit to any particular EPQ ideas, do a quick Google search and see whether you'll have enough content to write about. If your EPQ idea is too niche, it may be hard to find credible resources to refer to. Play around with a few different EPQ ideas and pick one that'll make your research easier.

5. Think of Your Career Plans

As we said earlier, your EPQ ideas may be a great way to show colleges that you've got what it takes to make it into their program. If you have a clear career goal in mind, it may be good to focus your EPQ ideas around it to showcase your interest and dedication to your future profession. 

Getting an A in your EPQ

A successful EPQ project is a strategic mix of creativity and specification as well as a broad EPQ topic which has a vast ground for research and opinions. Getting an A grade in an EPQ project is quite easy if you bank upon your interests, abilities and strengths. 

• The success of your EPQ project depends on the organic nature of your dissertation. 
• We will always suggest you go for extensive as well as extensive research before choosing your EPQ topic, as it is the most important part. 
• The EPQ project, if done with sheer determination and real interest, is a winner already.

We are definitely going to help you with EPQ ideas that can help you win. So, suppose you are approaching the EPQ project very personally and understanding your strengths and weaknesses. In that case, no one can stop you from earning a grade A. Refer to our effective guide on the best tips for writing a dissertation that can get you perfect scores. Now that you have all the information on how to write the best EPQs, how to choose them, and what alternatives there are, have a look at the best topics for EPQ ideas and over 20 questions on the same.

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Best EPQ Topics to Write On

If you’re struggling to come up with EPQ topics, here are some good EPQ ideas to help get you started:

1. 20+ EPQ Ideas for History 2. 20+ Sports EPQ Ideas 3. 20+ Physics EPQ Ideas 4. 20+ Psychology EPQ Ideas 5. 20+ Economics EPQ Ideas 6. 20+ Geography EPQ Ideas 7. 20+ Philosophy EPQ Ideas 8. 20+ Law EPQ Ideas 9. 20+ Chemistry EPQ Ideas 10. 20+ Business EPQ Ideas 11. 20+ Medicine EPQ Ideas 12. 20+ English Literature EPQ Ideas 13. 20+ Art EPQ Ideas 14. 20+ Foreign Language EPQ Ideas 15. 20+ Architecture EPQ Ideas 16. 20+ Maths EPQ Ideas 17. 20+ Engineering EPQ Ideas 18. 20+ Computer Science EPQ Ideas 19. 20+ Ethics EPQ Ideas 20. 20+ Politics EPQ Ideas 21. 20+ Sociology EPQ Ideas 22. 20+ Primary School Teaching EPQ Ideas 23. 20+ Secondary School Teaching EPQ Ideas 24. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Biology 25. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Virtual Reality on Education

1. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Psychology

1. Does depression have a hereditary component?

2. What are the ways in which brain injuries can have long-term ramifications?

3. Autism diagnosis and its spectrum.

4. How does brain connectivity impact our capacity to learn new skills?

5. Epilepsy's continuing consequences on sufferers and their families.

6. How does a person with bipolar disorder's brain function?

7. What difficulties arise when treating geriatric dementia patients?

8. Children's psychosis and its challenges

9. Is a full state of focus even feasible for the brain?

10. How are balance and the brain affected by hearing loss?

11. Why do people delay and avoid their tasks?

12. What is neuroplasticity and its impact on humans?

13. Can we change ourselves just with the help of psychology?

14. How do drugs impact the psychology of adolescents?

15. Can AI replace psychology?

16. Can AI be a facilitator in the psychological advances of the future?

17. How is psychology an integral part of science?

18. How does psychology impact our day-to-day decision-making?

19. How have experiments impacted psychology today?

2. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Law

1. Should the death penalty be reinstated?

2. How much should the court's judgement be influenced by a child's preference to live with one parent over another?

3. Should those who see child abuse but do not report it be held legally accountable?

4. Should men who have female companions sue them for having an abortion?

5. Should everyone be required to donate their organs?

6. When it comes to violations of human rights, when should one nation legally step into another?

7. Should a 21-year-old be the minimum age for marriage?

8. Should the results of a lie detector be admissible in UK courts?

9. Could the government be required by law to compensate women for the unpaid work they do that helps the economy?

10. Should abortion be practised at any stage of pregnancy if embryos have feelings and sensations?

11. What laws can be implemented to decriminalise the victims of sex trafficking?

12. Should surveillance cameras be made illegal?

13. Should communal violence be made illegal?

14. How does the law help make society better?

15. When we make laws, what are factors which should be taken into consideration?

16. How has democracy evolved with the advent of modern society?

17. What are new areas of law which are being explored today?

18. Are we looking forward to better laws as a solution for all the problems? If so, why?

19. Should studying law be made compulsory in schools?

20. Does knowledge of law help in day-to-day life?

21. How can proper deliberation solve the gap between the need for human privacy alongside 22. the need for information?

23. Should international law be developed for data security and privacy among countries?

24. Can proper framing of laws help the LGBTQI+ community?

25. Do we need dedicated laws to solve the issue of abortion, which is affecting the world today?

3. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Business

1. What is the reason for the rise of unicorn startups in the past decade?

2. What about Apple’s business model, which has made it so successful?

3. How important is employee happiness to overall company performance?

4. Does Amazon have unethical hiring practices?

5. What information should be mandatory to disclose at an interview on behalf of both the company and the candidate?

6. Does outsourcing work have a better effect than hiring an in-house team for the same job?

7. How can we hold companies accountable for their unethical behaviour?

8. At what point in the production process should Extended Producer Responsibilities come into play?

9. What training should be mandatory for any team leaders?

10. What steps can be taken to ensure that HR departments are impartial during internal disputes? 

11. How can companies contribute to sustainability?

12. What are the factors contributing to the revival of a market after the financial plunge?

13. What can be done to multiply the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR by the organisations?

14. Are there chances of revival of a business after bankruptcy?

15. What are the contributions of startups to the world economy?

16. Are startups a new ray of hope in the financial plunge in the market?

17. How can entrepreneurs help transform the ideals of traditional benefits in their favour?

18. What are the factors that are responsible for the failure of a business?

19. In the tussle between the corporate world and government institutions, which side should job seekers take?

20. How to find the perfect business idea for your startup?

21. What is the future of startups in view of the AI revolution?

22. Can AI contribute to reducing the workload for businesses?

23. Are layoffs ethical when we look at a macro level?

24. Is dependability on AI going to wipe off jobs at a large scale globally?

25. What are the steps a startup must take in order to become a pioneer and leader in their respective industries?

4. 20+ EPQ Ideas for History

1. What is the role of art in the telling of History?

2. Should mythology be taught as History?

3. What caused the fall of the Roman Empire?

4. What led to the abolishment of slavery in the US?

5. How did Britain conquer America?

6. How has cooking among humans evolved throughout time?

7. How has the bond between animals and people evolved?

8. What changes have been made in the roles of men and women over time?

9. Since World War II, has the British public lost interest in the royal family?

10. How has travel changed over the years?

11. How did Saint Augustine influence Christian and Western thought at the start of the Mediaeval period?

12. Why did the Germans lose the 2nd World War?

13. How did Japan build itself after the nuclear bombing by America?

14. How did Native Americans help shape American History?

15. What was the benefit of a Constitutional Monarchy?

16. Why did Britain exit from the EU?

17. Is the relationship between Britain and Ireland normal?

18. What makes the United Kingdom relevant today?

19. Is Britain holding the same position in International Politics as before?

20. What is the importance of a Prime Minister in British Politics?

21. Which were the major areas in the UK involved in World War 2?

22. How did the food culture in Britain evolve?

23. What made Britain a major power during the 20th century?

24. How did Britain conquer 23% of the world by 1920?

25. What is the reason behind the diversity in the United Kingdom?

5. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Sports

1. Is sports injury rehabilitation effective enough for athletes?

2. Compared to players 50 years ago, how do athletes spend their daily lives today?

3. What is the link between stress in sports and mental health in today’s athletes?

4. What is the function of sports journalism in the athletics sector?

5. How is drug testing in sports properly handled?

6. What are the benefits of sport for young people's development?

7. Are the world's main athletic events appropriately managed?

8. How much does a person's capacity to excel in a sport come from their genes?

9. Why does training for some sports cost so much money?

10. Why do people engage in sports?

11. How has sports betting changed over the years?

12. Why do athletes need to follow a strict diet for better performance?

13. Which sports provide more career opportunities and security?

14. Are sports for everyone, and how to take advantage of sports in our daily lives?

15. What makes or breaks a sportsperson?

16. Can an athlete change his/her/their field of sports after pursuing it for years?

17. How has diet for athletes evolved over some time to its current form?

18. Does the intake of steroids or supplements impact the mental health of sports personalities?

19. Which are the most respected sports and why?

20. How to choose your sport for the best results?

21. Is playing a sport enough to stay healthy?

22. How to make a career in sports which doesn’t stumble?

23. Does sports help in character development?

24. Is LGBTIQ inclusion good for sports and its future?

25. How do sports reflect unity with a community and reflect its happiness?

6. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Physics

1. The internal combustion engine's Past, Present, and Future

2. What are directed energy weapons, and what does the future hold for them? 

3. What would occur to our solar system if the sun stopped shining? 

4. Technological advances and autonomous transportation 

5. How much will lithium-ion batteries rule the market over the next 30 years? 

6. Constructing a camera lens 

7. How much of a solution to the clean energy dilemma can solar energy offer?

8. How differently do stellar and supermassive black holes create and function?

9. How reliable are the many quantum mechanical interpretations? 

10. Why did supersonic flight not succeed?

11. What is the likeliness of there being life on other planets?

12. Will we be able to test livability on the Moon and Mars for humans successfully?

13. What is the role of Quantum Physics in daily life?

14. Can physics help in reducing global warming?

15. Which aspects make Physics an unavoidable part of our lives and why?

16. Are EVs, the future of mobility, designed by Physics?

17. How does Physics represent the basic structure of nature?

18. Can physics answer the question about the existence of God?

19. Are laws of physics breakable?

20. Can we prove the theory of the Parallel Universe?

21. How has physics become a part of our regular lives?

22. What are some of the wonders of Physics hidden away in plain sight around us?

23. What is the role of physics in medicine?

24. Can physics help solve critical human diseases?

25. How has physics helped explorers in the pursuit of discoveries that changed the world?

7. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Economics

1. Can money buy you happiness?

2. Should the metrics used to calculate a country's standard of living be revised?

3. What can we expect from the next financial crisis?

4. How does a lack of financial stability affect your childhood?

5. How often should “minimum wage” be revised?

6. How does illegal immigration affect the economy in the UK?

7. What effect will the rise of AI technology have on the economy?

8. How has the rise of KPOP transformed the landscape of South Korea’s economy?

9. Does hosting a FIFA World Cup positively or negatively affect a country’s economy?

10. In what industry is the gender wage gap most prevalent?

11. How does water scarcity impact economic development?

12. Should human organ trade be legalised in the purview of economics as a benchmark?

13. Has the neo-world order worked in favour of developing countries?

14. Is a trickle-down economy equal to a pyramid scheme?

15. Why is the world facing a job crisis, especially when it comes to the IT industry?

16. Will AI help companies and corporations cut down on their cost?

17. Who should be blamed for the financial crisis of 2008?

18. What is the reason behind the exponential growth of real estate?

19. Is entrepreneurship healthy for a country?

20. How has the advent of technology changed the way we transact?

21. How does a soft market bring an economy to a standstill or in a state of disequilibrium?

22. Did Brexit have an impact on Britain’s economy?

23. How can countries use economics to find a balance between the rich and the poor?

24. Why are charity events important for society?

25. Why do we need to pay our taxes and be serious about it?

8. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Geography

1. How has soil fertility decreased due to global warming over the last few decades?

2. Does the existing landscape play an important role in how good a city's infrastructure can be?

3. What effect does the Israeli-Palestine conflict have on the water crisis?

4. Should active volcanoes no longer be eligible as tourist spots?

5. How has the internet increased the load on natural resources?

6. What measures can be taken to make Antarctica an inhabitable nation?

7. What innovative solutions can we use to combat the rising sea levels?

8. To what extent can sustainable architecture reduce the load of global warming?

9. How can we study and measure collective trauma after a natural disaster?

10. Can a developing country ever re-categorize itself as a developed nation?

 11. What is the potential of green infrastructure when it comes to urban planning?

12. What are the reasons behind flash floods and draughts seen around the world today?

13. Can proper distribution of natural resources help in solving the economic gap?

14. How does extensive commercial farming lead to bad soil health across the globe?

15. Is banking on solar energy a good choice in order to solve the energy crunch?

16. What are the possible impacts of the space debris left out there by countries?

17. What was the impact of the global volcanic eruptions of 2021?

18. What are the possible impacts of the reclamation of water bodies into urban land use throughout the world?

19. Are there solutions to reverse the damage we have caused to the Earth?

20. Why are the African countries with the most natural resources still poor?

21. How can we save the polar regions from the impact of global warming?

22. Can archaeological surveys and research help solve the mysteries around human civilisation and its movement across the globe?

23. Can recent technologies help us prevent natural calamities or lower their impact?

24. What are the ways to reduce coastal erosion?

25. What are the impacts of mountain ranges on the local weather conditions?

9. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Chemistry

1. At what stage do chemicals actually become hallucinogens?

2. Should shrooms still be classified as a Schedule I drug?

3. What process can we create to decompose plastic?

4. What chemical procedures are used to purify water?

5. What substances play a role in human attraction?

6. How does the body respond to cortisol?

7. Should the use of pesticides be ethically acceptable?

8. What benefits do computer-aided fragment-based drug design techniques offer?

9. How can click chemistry be utilised to enhance the production of drugs?

10. Over the past 200 years, how has the discovery of pharmaceutical compounds changed?

11.  How did optical isomerism impact the frug Thalidomide, resulting in fatal abnormalities?

12. Can we make plastic which decomposes?

13. Does chemical engineering have an impact on our lives?

14. Experiments on polymer chemistry and its impact?

15. Should pesticides be banned?

16. Can understanding soil chemistry help solve the crisis of land infertility?

17. How can we improve drug synthesis?

18. Did the discovery of pharmaceutical chemicals change the world?

19. How can we make the study of chemistry simpler for future generations?

20. Can we really trace the origin of a human via DNA mapping?

21. How has understanding the chemistry between the various flora and fauna inside the Amazon changed our perspectives?

22. How did chemistry help us understand COVID-19?

23. Did chemistry play a major role in solving the coronavirus crisis?

24. Can Chemistry help in understanding psychology?

25. Chemistry and its role in solving the environmental crisis?

10. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Business

11. 20+ epq ideas for medicine.

1. Could cannabis being legalised improve mental health?

2. Why does emetophobia mainly affect women?

3. What leads to the frequent misdiagnosis of girls when it comes to autism?

4. Can hypnotherapy be a viable anaesthetic for surgeries?

5. Could plastic surgery help get rid of body dysmorphic disorder?

6. How are obesity and criticism of children’s bodies by their parents related?

7. To what extent are Black women treated differently when it comes to childbirth?

8. Should only counsellors with a psychology qualification be permitted to practice?

9. A Study of Ancient Egyptians and their understanding of mental health and Illness 

10. Can electroshock therapy treat depression?

11. A Study of North Korean medical practices

12. Should abortion be legalised? What can be some defined parameters?

13. Is finding the cure for chronic diseases like Cancer enough to eradicate it?

14. Should chronic medicine be made available free of cost?

15. What is the importance of diagnosis before medicine suggestions?

16. Is cosmetic treatment dangerous for health?

17. Is medicine a male-dominated field?

18. What is the contribution of generic medicine to unfortunate countries?

19. What is the difference between generic medicine and branded medicine?

20. How does medicine work on our bodies? An overview.

21. Is gender change surgery legal?

22. Should gender change surgery and medicines be legalised?

23. Can medicine help children cope with stress?

24. Under what circumstances can medication prove to be fatal?

25. Should everyone be given knowledge about basic medication for day-to-day life?

12. 20+ EPQ Ideas for English Literature

1. What does the portrayal of evil stepmothers in fairy tales tell us about society’s perspectives on motherhood?

2. Can writing be considered a magical act?

3. Can stories be considered living things?

4. To what extent are spelling and punctuation necessary in literature?

5. Is it possible for a novel to be timeless?

6. Why is learning to read a human right?

7. Can rhythm in a poem be considered a separate language?

8. Could AI reporters replace journalists?

9. How important is it for English students to work out what the author means?

10. Does genre-based classification help in understanding a text?

11. Is it necessary to have the ability to read and write to be an author?

12. Has the evolution of English literature impacted its originality?

13. Is modern-day writing more interesting than classic English literature?

14. How has writing evolved through the centuries?

15. Can modern-day writers take inspiration from classic literature and still be relevant?

16. Can AI recreate the lost English literature?

17. Has AI impacted the originality of writers?

18. What are some of the must-read books in English literature?

19. What are the different types of English literature?

20. What is the difference between Classic and Modern-day English literature?

21. Can reading English literature improve communication?

22. Which English Literature authors have contributed to the upliftment of society in general through their writing and imparting knowledge?

23. Who are the most impactful women authors of English literature?

24. What are the most famous writings that emerged or were developed during the Renaissance period?

25. What are the most infamous English literature books which were banned?

13. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Foreign Language

1. A study on the origin and evolution of languages

2. How do idioms prove that languages can’t truly be translated?

3. What led to Esperanto’s failure as a language policy?

4. Should sign language be made a mandatory language?

5. Is multilingualism related to economic success?

6. How does dyspraxia affect the ability to learn languages?

7. Is there a need for a universal language?

8. How did trading affect local dialects?

9. How does body language differ around the world?

10. How important is it for students to learn a foreign language?

 11. A study on the decline in the use of the Latin language

12. What is the most beautiful language in the world?

13. Are all languages related to one another?

14. Is braille a language?

15. Which foreign languages are the most in-demand?

16. Will native languages take over the English language in the future?

17. How do languages get transformed with the movement of humans across the globe?

18. Is a multilingual country more prosperous?

19. Is a multilingual person more open-minded?

20. Will AI make learning foreign languages easier?

21. How has AI changed the way we translate foreign languages?

22. Why is it important to have language diversity?

23. Does the study of languages help in the growth of society?

24. How have foreign languages evolved as a major job industry?

25. Ancient languages and their impact on modern-day languages?

14. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Architecture

1. What role does architecture play in social dysfunction?

2. Were 1930s houses of a higher quality?

3. How can Japanese smart space efficiency be used to build buildings around the world?

4. How ethical is it to spend millions constructing a building in a city with superior quality levels?

5. How do residents affect the building they’re living in?

6. What role does building design play in the emotions of its inhabitants?

7. How can smart cities be a breach of privacy?

8. Is it possible for zero-carbon housing to exist?

9. How does architecture evolve as technology develops?

10. How did feminism influence architecture?

 11. A study of the relation between house styles and gender forms from various periods

12. What are the different forms of architecture?

13. What are the differentiating factors between ancient and modern architecture?

14. Can architecture help transform our perception of society?

15. What's unique about the architecture of Pyramids?

16. How could Indians build such elaborate structures without modern tools?

17. How does architecture contribute to moods in humans?

18. Should we consider wildlife while building public buildings and assets like roads?

19. How has the architecture of homes changed in the 20th century?

20. How was New York City planned?

21. Is urban architecture good for the environment?

22. Is architecture flourishing?

23. Does architecture have any challenges?

24. Is there a future for sustainable construction?

25. Are the constructions on water bodies dangerous?

15. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Maths

1. How does maths come into cryptocurrencies?

2. Has maths existed since the beginning?

3. A study of chaos theory

4. How are mathematics and beauty related?

5. How can maths help us understand the emergence of the universe?

6. Is it possible to calculate infinity?

7. A study on the origin and development of mathematics

8. Is it possible to prove the existence of parallel universes using maths?

9. How is maths linked to art?

10. Is it necessary for maths to be taught to students of secondary school?

11. A study on the link between the golden ratio and racism

12. Can mathematics be a booster in critical thinking?

13. Is logic directly related to mathematics?

14. Can AI aid in understanding complex mathematics problems?

15. Can AI provide solutions to very complex problems?

16. Can we bank upon mathematics while solving world crises?

17. How does mathematics help in brain development?

18. Can mathematics be made part of every curriculum?

19. Mathematics and COVID-19?

20. How to become a master of mathematics?

21. Why do students find mathematics tough?

22. How does mathematics help with finances?

23. How does maths assist in cooking good food?

24. Can mathematics help in problem-solving for everyone? 25. Is the field of mathematics good for a career?

16. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Engineering

1. How can engineering help explain the disappearance of Emilia Earhart?

2. Did faults in the engineering lead to the sinking of the Titanic?

3. A study on the hydraulics paradox

4. How does engineering come into architecture?

5. Is it ethical to build robots that can replicate human emotions?

6. Is it necessary for Engineering to be taught in primary school?

7. Does the definition of engineer need to be revised?

8. How much of the world was built by engineers?

9. A study on the development of Civil Engineering

10. Can hot air balloons become a mainstream means of travel?

 11. A study on ethics in engineering

12. What is the contribution of engineering in making the lives of people better?

13. Why is there a job crunch in engineering?

14. What is the future of engineering?

15. Is genetic engineering the future of medicine?

16. Is organ regeneration possible without the application of engineering?

17. Will AI pose a threat to engineering jobs?

18. Why do engineers switch their careers?

19. Is engineering an integral part of development?

20. What is mind-engineering?

21. The first among the engineers

22. How can we bring all fields of engineering to a common platform?

23. Are engineering exams the toughest?

24. Which is the most robust field of engineering in future?

25. What is the most important subject in engineering?

17. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Computer Science

1. Should coding be taught to children simultaneously with writing?

2. A Study of Responsibility and Accountability in AI-powered Robots

3. Is internet access a human right?

4. How can quantum computers change our lifestyle?

5. Are Silicon Valley companies responsible for the widespread addiction to technology?

6. A study on a hypothetical world ridden with technology

7. Could it ever be possible to browse the web using a microchip in our brains?

8. How is increased automation affecting employment?

9. How accurately can AI-writing assistants such as Grammarly influence expression?

10. A study on the differences between AI and human intelligence

11. Should people be allowed to alleviate loneliness with the use of social care robots?

12. Is technology harming the privacy of individuals?

13. Unethical use of technology leads to an increase in crime rates

14. Can the use of tech be 100% ethical?

15. What are some laws that can help make tech more ethical?

16. What is the future of technology?

17. Can advanced medical technology cure chronic diseases?

18. How can tech help in reducing crime rates?

19. Has tech made our daily life more secure?

20. Is tech contributing to money laundering?

21. Technology has grown to dominate daily lives. A case study.

22. Tech automation can become dangerous if uncontrolled. Explain.

23. How can technology help in curing psychiatric problems?

24. How to safeguard yourself from becoming the victim of technology?

25. When to stop using the phone during the day?

18. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Politics

1. What has led to the USA never having a female president?

2. Who would govern Mars after human colonisation?

3. A study on the negative effects of nepotism on politics

4. A study on Brexit and its causes

5. Should country-wide bans on religion be permitted?

6. A study on cases of anarchy

7. Is it important for politics to be taught in school?

8. How have social media platforms such as Twitter revolutionised politics?

9. A Study on Donald Trump’s Impact on Politics

10. How are female politicians perceived around the world

11. Should freedom of information be universal?

12. What are the various fields of study within political science?

13. Has political science taken centre stage in today's time?

14. Why did America attack Iraq?

15. What is the turmoil going on in Uganda?

16. How can political science contribute to problem-solving?

17. What does Apolitical mean?

18. How is politics a part of everyday life?

19. Can the world function without politics?

20. What is the best system of governance?

21, What are the functions of government?

22. Is there a need for global governance?

23. How are organisations like the UN contributing to world peace?

24. Who is going to be the next superpower?

25. What is the best way to study politics?

19. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Sociology

1. Can eating disorders be considered a social phenomenon?

2. Should face-altering apps be banned?

3. How can one’s upbringing lead to narcissism?

4. Are emotions innate or instilled by society?

5. Should there be a ban on gendered toys?

6. A study on the sociology of food

7. How Disney’s Princesses Became Role Models for Girls

8. A study on the cultural diaspora of mixed-race children

9. Is it possible to alter stereotypes regarding drug use and misuse in various communities?

10. How does the model of socialisation affect children?

 11. How crucial are emotions in sociological studies of human behaviour?

12. How is sociology different from politics?

13. Sociology and political science are interrelated?

14. Is psychology a part of sociology?

15. How does sociology help in understanding society better?

16. Why did humans build such a complex society?

17. Are social structures major indicators of growth in a society?

18. Why is there a class system in sociology?

19. Is social acceptance important for LGBTQI+ people?

20. What are the reasons behind the increasing crime rate?

21. What makes humans stick together?

22. What leads to the domestication of wild animals?

23. Sociologists have contributed to society in numerous ways. Provide evidence.

24. How has language developed over time?

25. Can we reverse evolution?

20. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Biology

1. To what degree does chance influence evolution, as opposed to other contributing factors?

2. How does the rate of breathing impact the functioning of the brain?

3. Explore the correlation between cell theory and the theory of evolution.

4. In what ways has evolutionary biology shaped various scientific disciplines?

5. Is the formulation of hypotheses the most efficient approach to experimental design?

6. Investigate the effects of habitat changes on a particular organism.

7. Can photosynthesis occur in the absence of sunlight?

8. How do age and gender affect photoreceptor cells in the human retina?

9. Assess the impact of human influence on aquatic ecosystems.

10. Explore the consequences of an increased ecological footprint in a specific region.

11. Is gene therapy ethically justifiable?

12. Should parents have the right to modify their child's gender genetically?

13. Investigate the potential link between cannabis use in adolescence and schizophrenia.

14. Is religion primarily a source of comfort in the face of mortality?

15. Under what circumstances can taking a life be morally justified?

16. How does the human body respond to stressors?

17. Examine the role of DNA in the developmental processes of a human being.

18. How does the human immune system operate?

19. Explore the relationship between genetics and behaviour.

20. Investigate how the human brain processes information.

21. Assess the impact of climate change on species distribution.

22. How does the human body maintain homeostasis?

23. Examine the role of microbiota in the human gut.

24. How does the human body adapt to different types of exercise?

25. Evaluate the effects of a specific environmental toxin on human health.

21. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Philosophy

1. How are films of the West and the East affected by the dominant religions of their population?

2. Is Plato's cave still an accurate metaphor that we should teach film students?

3. Do Abrahamic religions inherently propagate sexism?

4. Can we call philosophers artists?

5. Does the world exist outside the self?

6. How does religious ideology negatively affect policies?

7. Does the separation of church and state positively or negatively impact the spread of religion?

8. How does technology affect our definition of “real”?

9. Is the trolly problem still an effective way to test AI?

10. Should we create a new government body to oversee the development and ethics of new AI technologies?

11. Can philosophers be considered artists?

12. Can philosophy and theology work together?

13. Can philosophy be regarded as a science?

14. What were the direct impacts of the greatest philosophers on society? 

15. Does the justice system owe its birth to philosophy?

16. What are the ideals of a perfect society, according to Machiavelli?

17. Can studying books by philosophers change the way we think about problems and their solutions?

18. Have we disregarded the role of philosophy as a social institution?

19. Can studying philosophy bring change in society?

20. How can understanding the principles of philosophy help companies thrive?

21. How can philosophy be turned into a major indicator of growth?

22. Are we inclining towards the value system which got disrupted with the advent of the neo-world once again?

23. Has philosophy regained its place in society as a vital benchmark of its upliftment? 

24. Will the introduction of philosophy to young kids help them in self-evaluation?

25. How can we use Big Data to make philosophy a more impactful point of evaluation of different scenarios?

22. 20+ Primary School Teaching EPQ Ideas

1. How can we teach primary school students about social rights?

2. How can we teach primary school students the art of time management?

3. The science of simple machines like levers, pulleys and more.

4. Why should primary school students not use mobile phones in schools?

5. Is school uniform institutionalising for students?

6. Should there only be four days of school a week?

7. How can we teach proper eating habits to primary school students?

8. Why does our education system fail to identify students who are slow learners?

9. Is the education system treating students well?

10. The importance of actively participating in co-curricular activities in schools. 

11. How should the education system educate students about high-functioning autism?

12. How can we teach healthy eating habits to primary school students?

13. Should primary school students be allowed to choose the subject of their choice?

14. Should primary schools teach and promote different language courses to students?

15. How can we teach primary school students about anti-racism?

16. The importance of obesity amongst school students.

17. Should every school have access to open grounds for outdoor activities?

18. How do exams play an important role in shaping a student’s career?

19. Why should primary schools teach home management skills to their students?

20. Should school uniforms be forced on students to wear daily?

21. Why do we need a better understanding of the lack of social interaction in primary school?

22. How can we teach primary school students about internet safety measures?

23. How can we teach organisational skills to primary school students?

24. How can we teach about fitness and study motivation to students?

25. The importance of sharing and caring values to students.

23. 20+ Secondary School Teaching EPQ Ideas

1. What should be the school timing for secondary school students?

2. Why should secondary school students be taught sex education?

3. Will a 3-day school week improve students' mental health?

4. Is the secondary school curriculum the right choice for students?

5. Should teaching modern languages be compulsory for secondary school students?

6. Is an exam a good option for students who suffer from dyslexia or dyspraxia?

7. How can we tackle the fear of failure of any student in a school activity?

8. How can to bridge the technology poverty gap among students?

9. What is the effect of family problems on a student's learning and development?

10. Is a secondary school method of treating autistic students enough?

11. What are the consequences of bullying in secondary schools?

12. Should sports or any type of outdoor activity be made compulsory?

13. How does the feeling of having less money than your friends affect your identity?

14. How fair are the exams for female students?

15. Is school uniform necessary to wear every day?

16. How to create educational support programs for students who are slow learners?

17. What are the effects of poor housing, and how does it affect education?

18. What effect does the exam structure outside India have on students' mental health?

19. Why do students need to ask to go to the bathroom every time?

20. Does the secondary school curriculum really help students?

21. The effects of bullying and ragging poor students.

22. Is there any link between ADHD to cleverness in students?

23. Are there enough teachers to teach in secondary schools?

24. Should we strictly follow the secondary school curriculum?

25. What should be the start and end of school timing for teenagers?

24. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Religious Studies

1. How did the history of the church shape our society today? 

2. Can you ever justify taking a life? 

3. How do you explain the goodness of God in the light of the world’s evil? 

4. Should politicians interfere in religious conflicts? 

5. Do Abrahamic religions inherently propagate sexism? 

6. How does religious ideology negatively affect policies? 

7. Are society’s perceptions of what’s right and wrong based on Christianity? 

8. How does living as an illegal immigrant affect mental and physical health? 

9. Why can't materialism disprove the existence of God?

10. Why science and religion are part of the same entity? 

11. How are films of the West and the East affected by the dominant religions of their population? 

12. Is Plato's cave still an accurate metaphor that we should teach film students? 

13. Does the world exist outside the self? 

14. How does tourism affect a country’s culture? 

15. To what extent should deforestation be allowed? 

16. Should all new houses be built with solar panels?

17. How does the concept of karma influence ethical decision-making in Hinduism and Buddhism?

18. What are the ethical implications of the use of psychedelic substances in religious and spiritual practices?

19. To what extent does the portrayal of religious figures in popular media impact public perception and understanding of different faiths?

20. How has the role of women in religious leadership evolved throughout history and what are the contemporary challenges they face?

21. In what ways do environmental ethics intersect with religious teachings and how do they influence attitudes towards conservation and sustainability?

22. What are the psychological and social impacts of religious conversion on individuals and their communities?

23. How do different religious perspectives shape attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights and inclusion?

24. What are the ethical considerations surrounding the preservation and display of human remains in religious contexts, such as mummies or relics?

25. How has the internet and social media transformed the practice of religion and religious communities?

25. 20+ EPQ Ideas for Virtual Reality on Education

1. How does virtual reality (VR) technology function, and what are its main components?

2. What are the current applications of virtual reality in education, and how are they being implemented?

3. What are the potential benefits of using virtual reality in educational settings for students and teachers?

4. What are the challenges and limitations of integrating virtual reality into the classroom environment?

5. How does virtual reality compare to traditional methods of teaching and learning in terms of effectiveness and engagement?

6. What ethical considerations need to be addressed when using virtual reality technology in education?

7. How can virtual reality be adapted to accommodate diverse learning styles and needs?

8. What are the long-term implications of the widespread adoption of virtual reality in education for educational institutions, students, and society as a whole?

9. What are some innovative ways in which virtual reality can be used to enhance specific subjects or topics within the curriculum?

10. How can educators be trained to effectively incorporate virtual reality into their teaching practices?

11. What are the potential economic costs associated with implementing virtual reality technology in educational institutions?

12. How does the accessibility of virtual reality equipment and software affect its adoption in different educational settings?

13. What are the cognitive benefits of immersive learning experiences facilitated by virtual reality technology?

14. How can virtual reality be utilized to enhance collaboration and teamwork among students in a classroom or remote learning environment?

15. What are the privacy concerns surrounding the collection of data from virtual reality educational applications, and how can they be addressed?

16. How does the use of virtual reality impact student motivation, engagement, and retention of knowledge?

17. What are the cultural considerations that need to be taken into account when designing virtual reality educational content for diverse populations?

18. How can virtual reality simulations be used to provide experiential learning opportunities in subjects such as science, history, or geography?

19. What role can virtual reality play in providing inclusive education for students with disabilities or special educational needs?

20. How do educators perceive the value and effectiveness of virtual reality technology in comparison to traditional teaching methods?

21. What are the environmental implications of using virtual reality in education, particularly in terms of energy consumption and electronic waste?

22. How can virtual reality be integrated into professional development programs for teachers to enhance their instructional practices?

23. What are the legal and regulatory considerations related to the use of virtual reality in educational contexts, particularly regarding copyright and intellectual property?

24. How can virtual reality simulations be used to train educators and educational administrators in crisis management and emergency preparedness?

25. What are the future trends and developments in virtual reality technology that are likely to impact its role in education over the coming years?

EPQs will take up your time, but they can also often be fun projects if you choose something you like. Explore a bunch of tips and tricks to improve your writing skills that will surely help you to create clear, concise, and engaging content pieces that resonate with your readers. We hope you’ve found this blog helpful and now understand how to find the perfect EPQ ideas for you. Best of luck!

Frequently Asked Questions

How do i come up with the epq question ideas, what are the best topics for epq ideas, how can you get an a * in epq, is 4500 words ok for epq, what is a failure in epq, are epq projects required.

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600+ EPQ Ideas and Examples for All Subjects

Navigating through A-Levels, students often find themselves at crossroads where curiosity nudges them beyond the conventional curriculum. The Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) stands out as a beacon for those inquisitive minds, offering a structured yet flexible platform to explore, inquire, and articulate their findings on a subject they are genuinely passionate about. Situated typically in the final year of A-Levels, the EPQ is not merely an additional qualification but a window into the rigour and specialization of university-level research. A notable hallmark of the EPQ is the autonomy it bestows upon students in determining their project’s trajectory. The ability to cherry-pick a topic, sculpt a focused research question, and orchestrate an in-depth exploration into that chosen subject, makes the EPQ an unparalleled academic venture during the school years. It signifies an initial foray into independent research, providing students with the reins to direct their inquiries and analyses in a direction that resonates with their interests and aspirations. However, with such unparalleled freedom comes a slew of decisions and potential dilemmas. Crafting an appropriate and engaging title, ensuring the chosen topic is neither too vast nor too narrow, and guaranteeing relevance and depth are just the tip of the EPQ iceberg. The journey from conceptualization to completion is one that demands meticulous planning, consistent effort, and periodic reflection – ensuring the final project is not just comprehensive but also a coherent representation of one’s academic journey. This article aims to demystify the myriad aspects of crafting a successful EPQ, providing insights into generating ideas, strategizing research, managing timelines, and culminating your findings into a compelling project. Whether you're grappling with the inception of an idea or seeking to refine your research strategy, let’s unfold the map that navigates through the intricate pathways of the EPQ and explore how to cement your project with distinction in 2023!

How to Choose A Good EPQ Idea

Navigating through the Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) with a goal to achieve an A* necessitates a keen understanding and strategic approach towards the four assessment objectives - AO1 (Manage), AO2 (Use Resources), AO3 (Develop and Realise), and AO4 (Review). Let's delve into each of these objectives and explore strategies to excel in them:

AO1: Manage

A01 pivots around a student’s competence to precisely delineate, plan, and steer a project towards achieving a clearly defined objective.

Tips on requirement A01

Detailed planning.

Constructing a robust project plan involves delineating all aspects including time management, setting achievable milestones, and clearly defining objectives. Additionally, consider preparing a Gantt chart to visually track your progress and adherence to timelines. This visual tool can help identify any lags or accelerations in the project timeline, enabling better control and management.

Regular Reviews

Beyond scheduling them, use reviews as a tool to scrupulously assess the project’s alignment with your plan. It's pivotal to not just check progress but also the quality and relevance of your output at each stage. Use these review points to validate the direction of your research and development, ensuring you remain aligned with your original objectives while allowing room for necessary pivots.

Risk Management

Develop a risk matrix to identify, assess, and manage potential risks. This involves anticipating possible challenges, ranging from timeline delays to resource unavailability, and designing preemptive strategies and alternative paths to ensure your project doesn’t derail when faced with obstacles.

AO2: Use Resources

AO2 evaluates the student’s proficiency in identifying, selecting, and adeptly utilizing varied resources to underpin and guide the project.

Tips on requirement A02

Diverse research.

Embrace a multifaceted approach to your research, ensuring it spans various types of resources including academic articles, books, online platforms, and potentially, primary research through surveys or interviews. This depth and breadth in resources provide a comprehensive view of your chosen topic, offering varied perspectives and rich data.

Critical Evaluation

Look beyond the apparent by assessing the credibility and reliability of your sources. Adopt the CRAAP (Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, Purpose) Test in evaluating your resources, ensuring they stand up to academic scrutiny and offer value to your project.

Effective Utilization

Merely gathering resources is not enough; demonstrating how each piece of information has been employed to inform, validate, or challenge your project's development is crucial. Ensure clear citation and a demonstrable link between the sourced information and its application within your project.

AO3: Develop and Realise

AO3 examines the student’s ability to coherently develop and realise their project, illustrating a tangible application of the amassed knowledge and resources.

Tips on requirement A03

Clear developmental path.

Ensure that each step in your project’s development is clearly articulated and justified. The path from research to realization should be logical and clearly evidenced in your documentation, showing a clear trajectory from initial concept through to final realization.

Practical Application

Be mindful to showcase the tangible application of your research findings within your project. This may involve creating models, developing programs, or other practical applications that clearly correlate with your theoretical findings.

Problem Solving

Highlight and reflect on any challenges encountered during the development phase, offering insight into your problem-solving process and illustrating adaptability and resilience in navigating through issues.

AO4: Review

AO4 focuses on the student’s ability to critically review and evaluate the entire project, from inception through to completion.

Tips on requirement A04

Reflective practice.

Engage in reflective practice throughout your project, not just at its conclusion. Documenting ongoing reflections allows for a richer and more nuanced evaluation, demonstrating growth and learning throughout the project's lifespan.

Constructive Criticism

Employ a balanced approach in critiquing your project. Acknowledge areas of strength while also addressing areas of improvement, and more importantly, discussing how these learnings may inform future projects or studies.

Relate to Objectives

Ensure your review consistently links back to your initial objectives. Discuss whether these were met and if not, explore why, providing a critical analysis of any divergences and their impact on the project.

Securing A* in your EPQ

Attaining an A* in your EPQ is about melding academic robustness with a reflective and insightful journey, ensuring each assessment objective is met with excellence and a demonstrable depth of understanding and application.

Depth and Complexity

Choose a topic that allows for deep exploration and has sufficient dimensions to explore various perspectives and theories. Ensure your project delves beyond surface-level understanding, demonstrating a keen intellectual curiosity and a thorough comprehension of the topic's intricacies. This involves not just presenting information, but interpreting, analysing, and synthesizing knowledge to present a well-rounded, nuanced perspective.

Exceptional Management

Efficient management goes beyond setting and adhering to a timeline. It's about proactively identifying potential hurdles and establishing strategies to navigate through them. Use project management tools, such as Gantt charts or task management software, to track progress, and don’t be afraid to adjust your plan in response to unexpected challenges. Showing adaptability while maintaining control and direction of the project reflects exceptional management.

Robust Research

A solid research foundation not only constitutes a wide array of sources but also an ability to discern and critique the reliability and relevance of each. Dive into various forms of resources including academic journals, books, and possibly primary research, ensuring each piece is critically evaluated for its merit and relevance. Moreover, establish clear links between your research and the ensuing analysis, ensuring it forms a cohesive and logical base for your project’s conclusions and findings.

Effective Realization

Your project's development and realization should illustrate a clear trajectory from research to application. Employ your findings in a practical context, ensuring that your final output, whether it be a dissertation, artefact, or other, directly correlates with and is supported by your research. Be mindful to clearly document this process, offering transparency in how theoretical knowledge was applied within the practical elements of your project.

Comprehensive Review

A thorough review isn’t merely a reflection but an evaluation, examining both your process and the final output. Critically assess your methodologies, decision-making processes, and the final outcome in relation to your initial objectives. Be honest in discussing what went well and what didn’t, and importantly, delve into the 'why', offering insights into your learning journey and demonstrating personal and academic growth.

Quality of Presentation

Whether your final presentation takes the form of a written report, a physical artefact, or a performance, ensuring it is polished and professional is paramount. This involves meticulous proofreading, ensuring clarity and coherence in communication, and potentially, engaging visuals or supplementary materials to enhance the delivery of your findings. Ensure that your presentation not only communicates your findings but also encapsulates the depth and breadth of your journey, demonstrating the knowledge and skills accrued throughout your EPQ.

Your journey to an A* in your EPQ is holistic, encompassing every stage from initial ideation to final presentation. Through ensuring each phase is approached with critical thought, reflective practice, and a commitment to academic rigour, you sculpt a project that is not just an academic task but a rich, insightful journey into independent research and project management.

EPQ Ideas Physics

• Exploring the implications of quantum mechanics on computing and information technology.
• Investigating the role of dark matter in the expansion of the universe.
• How do principles of fluid dynamics apply to weather pattern predictions?
• Exploring the impacts of nuclear physics discoveries on medical technologies.
• Analyzing the physical principles behind renewable energy technologies.
• Understanding the role of physics in developing sustainable transportation technologies.
• Exploring cosmic rays and their impact on technology and the Earth's atmosphere.
• Investigating the applications and challenges of nuclear fusion as an energy source.
• Analyzing the principles and challenges of photonics in modern-day communication.
• Understanding gravitational waves and their significance in exploring the universe.
• Exploring the physical principles behind autonomous vehicles and their future development.
• Investigating the role of electromagnetism in developing electronic technologies.
• Exploring the applications of thermodynamics in developing efficient engines.
• Understanding the physics behind superconductivity and its applications in technology.
• Analyzing the role of optics and light in developing modern microscopy.
• Investigating the effects of black holes on surrounding celestial bodies.
• Exploring the physics behind magnetic levitation and its applications.
• Understanding the physical principles that enable satellite communication.
• Exploring the implications of string theory on our understanding of the universe.
• Analyzing the role of particle physics in understanding cosmic events.
• Understanding the physical principles behind noise-cancelling technology.
• Exploring the potential of harnessing solar wind as a power source.
• Investigating the principles of acoustic physics behind architectural designs.
• Examining the significance and physics of the aurora borealis.
• Investigating the impact of space debris on satellites and space exploration.
• Exploring the feasibility and physics behind colonizing Mars.
• Understanding the quantum physics behind electron tunneling in semiconductors.
• Investigating the implications of Maxwell's equations on electrical engineering.
• Understanding the physics behind GPS technology and potential improvements.
• Exploring the role of physics in sports science to enhance performance.
• Investigating the principles of nanotechnology in medical applications.
• Exploring the applications and challenges of optical fibers in communication.
• Investigating the application of plasma physics in various industries.
• Exploring the physics behind different types of propulsion systems in space travel.
• Investigating the feasibility of creating a space elevator using existing technology.
• Understanding the implications of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle on quantum computing.
• Exploring the potential applications of metamaterials in technology and medicine.
• Investigating the impact and management of radiation in space travel.
• Analyzing the effects of electric fields on biological systems.
• Understanding and exploring the principles behind holographic technologies.
• Investigating the physics and challenges of interstellar travel.
• Exploring the role of entropy in the perceived arrow of time.
• Investigating the potential and limitations of wind energy generation.
• Exploring the implications of special relativity on time travel.
• Understanding the physics behind bioluminescence in deep-sea organisms.
• Investigating the application of physics principles in developing artificial intelligence.
• Exploring the potential of piezoelectric materials in energy harvesting.
• Understanding the physics behind seismic activities and predicting natural disasters.
• Investigating the role of physics in forensic science and criminal investigations.
• Is switching to clean energy feasible for developing countries?

EPQ Ideas Biology

• Investigating the role of CRISPR technology in eliminating genetic disorders.
• Exploring the impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity.
• Analyzing the biochemical pathways involved in autoimmune disease development.
• Understanding the molecular basis of Alzheimer's disease progression.
• Investigating synthetic biology’s potential in creating artificial life.
• Exploring the ecological impacts of invasive species on native ecosystems.
• Studying the genetics behind resistance to antibacterial treatments.
• Understanding the biochemistry of venom from different snake species.
• Examining the impacts of microplastics on aquatic life forms.
• Investigating the potential of stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine.
• Studying the biotechnological applications of genetically modified organisms.
• Exploring the biology of ageing and its genetic and environmental influences.
• Investigating the effects of different diets on metabolic health.
• Analyzing the role of epigenetics in gene expression and disease.
• Exploring the impacts of urbanization on wildlife habitats and behaviors.
• Understanding the cellular processes involved in cancer metastasis.
• Examining the ecological and health impacts of pesticide use.
• Investigating the role of gut microbiome in human health.
• Exploring conservation strategies for endangered species and their effectiveness.
• Studying the role of molecular biology in vaccine development.
• Investigating the biological implications of polyploidy in plants.
• Analyzing the role of circadian rhythms in metabolic processes.
• Understanding the biological basis of addiction and withdrawal symptoms.
• Exploring the mechanisms of plant defense against pest infestations.
• Investigating the potential medical applications of venom and toxins.
• Examining the impacts of pollutants on human reproductive health.
• Investigating the biology and impact of coral bleaching events.
• Studying the evolutionary adaptations of organisms in extreme environments.
• Exploring the biological mechanisms of memory formation and retention.
• Investigating potential treatments and understanding of neurodegenerative diseases.
• Analyzing the impact of genetic mutations on organismal development.
• Studying the biology and containment of viral outbreaks.
• Exploring the biological and ethical implications of cloning technologies.
• Investigating the role of hormones in behavioral changes.
• Examining the ecological impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems.
• Understanding the process of metamorphosis at a molecular level.
• Investigating the biology behind different types of allergies.
• Exploring the impact of lifestyle factors on cardiovascular health.
• Studying the genetic and biological aspects of mood disorders.
• Examining the role of immunology in transplantation science.
• Investigating the biological principles of biodegradable materials.
• Exploring the evolutionary biology of symbiotic relationships.
• Investigating the impact of emerging diseases on ecosystems.
• Exploring the role of biology in the development of biometrics.
• Investigating factors affecting antimicrobial resistance development and spread.
• Studying the mechanisms of action of different toxins on cells.
• Understanding the biology of sleep and its impact on health.
• Investigating the biological pathways involved in pain perception.
• Investigating the effects of environmental toxins on reproductive health.
• Examining the relationship between gut microbiota and mental health disorders.

EPQ Ideas Maths

• Exploring the application of calculus in real-world problems.
• Investigating the role of statistics in medical research.
• How does the Fibonacci Sequence appear in nature?
• Examining the application of probability theory in gambling and betting.
• Exploring the historical development and impacts of algebra.
• Investigating the role of mathematics in finance and investment.
• Why is number theory important in modern-day cryptography?
• Understanding and exploring the concept and applications of matrices.
• How can mathematical models predict and explain traffic flow?
• Investigating the relationship between geometry and art.
• What are the applications of graph theory in social networks?
• Exploring mathematical concepts behind machine learning algorithms.
• How is differential geometry used in general relativity?
• Examining the application of mathematics in computer graphics and animations.
• Exploring the applications of partial differential equations in physics.
• Investigating the mathematics behind various voting systems.
• Exploring the concept and applications of game theory.
• How can fractal geometry be used to model natural phenomena?
• Examining the role of symmetry in mathematical problem solving.
• Understanding the real-world applications of mathematical optimization.
• Exploring the mathematical principles behind network security.
• Investigating the impact of mathematical discoveries on technological advancements.
• How do prime numbers influence data security and encryption?
• Examining the practical applications of mathematical logic.
• Exploring the contributions of ancient mathematicians to modern mathematics.
• Understanding mathematical principles behind error correction in data transmission.
• How can mathematical models contribute to understanding and predicting epidemics?
• Exploring the mathematics behind the structure of crystals.
• Investigating the mathematics involved in string theory.
• How do mathematical models assist in weather forecasting?
• Exploring the mathematics of chaos theory and its applications.
• Understanding the mathematical principles underlying various sports strategies.
• How can mathematics explain patterns in the distribution of prime numbers?
• Exploring the role of mathematics in predicting economic trends.
• Investigating the application of group theory in solving Rubik’s cube.
• How does linear algebra apply to computer algorithms?
• Exploring the development and applications of mathematical symbols.
• Investigating the importance of zero in mathematical calculations and theories.
• How is mathematics applied in space exploration and astrophysics?
• Exploring the concepts and applications of non-Euclidean geometry.
• Understanding the role of mathematics in signal processing.
• How are mathematical algorithms used in image recognition?
• Exploring the application of complex numbers in electrical engineering.
• Investigating mathematical models used in population genetics.
• How are mathematical models used in earthquake prediction?
• Exploring the application of set theory in databases.
• Investigating the role of mathematical modeling in epidemiology.
• How is mathematical analysis applied in economic theories?
• Investigating the mathematical principles behind the design and operation of electric circuits
• The use of mathematical modelling in analysing climate change and its impact on the environment.

EPQ Ideas Chemistry

• Exploring the chemistry behind different types of batteries and their efficiencies.
• Investigating the role of catalysts in industrial chemical processes.
• How do chemical reactions fuel cellular processes in living organisms?
• Examining the impact of chemical pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.
• Exploring the development and impact of antibiotics in medicine.
• Understanding the chemistry behind various substance addiction mechanisms.
• What role does chemistry play in developing sustainable fuels?
• Investigating the chemical mechanisms behind various cleaning agents.
• Exploring the synthetic pathways for creating biodegradable plastics.
• How does chemistry contribute to modern forensic science?
• Understanding the role of chemical reactions in baking and cooking.
• Examining the chemistry behind different types of corrosion and prevention methods.
• How do enzymes catalyse biochemical reactions in living organisms?
• Exploring the chemistry of different dyes and pigments in textiles.
• Investigating the chemical principles of different fermentation processes.
• What is the chemistry behind various anti-aging skincare products?
• Understanding the chemical compositions of different types of gemstones.
• Exploring the impact of different chemicals on plant growth and development.
• How does chemical equilibrium relate to real-world applications?
• Investigating the role of chemistry in producing sustainable building materials.
• Understanding the chemistry behind different flavors and fragrances.
• How can chemistry contribute to developing alternative energy sources?
• Exploring the utilization of chemistry in crime scene analysis.
• Investigating the chemical properties and uses of various oils.
• Understanding the role of chemistry in developing photographic materials.
• How are chemical reactions utilized in creating special effects in movies?
• Investigating the chemical mechanisms behind different rust removal methods.
• Exploring chemical solutions to neutralizing and managing industrial waste.
• How does chemistry help in developing artificial flavors and colors?
• Investigating the chemistry behind non-stick surfaces in cookware.
• How does chemistry contribute to the development of sports equipment?
• Investigating the chemistry behind various pain relief medications.
• Exploring the use of chemistry in developing preservation methods.
• How does the chemistry of chocolate affect its flavor and texture?
• Investigating the chemical basis of different cleaning and laundry products.
• How does chemistry enhance the durability and stability of materials?
• Exploring the role of chemistry in producing synthetic fibers.
• Investigating the chemical aspects of water treatment processes.
• How does chemistry play a role in solving environmental issues?
• Understanding the chemistry behind different forms of anesthesia.
• How does chemistry help in the conservation of art and artifacts?
• Exploring the chemical components involved in allergic reactions.
• Investigating the role of chemistry in developing sunscreens and UV blockers.
• How does chemistry contribute to advancements in agricultural practices?
• Exploring the chemistry behind various sweeteners and their health impacts.
• How does chemistry help in developing adhesives and glues?
• Understanding the chemical structure and utility of different polymers.
• Investigating chemical methods of enhancing food shelf life.
• How is chemistry utilized in developing fire-retardant materials?
• Exploring the chemistry behind the sensation of spicy foods.

EPQ Ideas History

• Exploring the impact of the industrial revolution on urbanization.
• Investigating the influence of the Roman Empire on modern government structures.
• How did the Cold War shape international relations in the 20th century?
• Examining the role of women during the Second World War.
• Understanding the socio-economic impacts of the transatlantic slave trade.
• How did the Black Death influence socio-economic structures in Europe?
• Exploring the causes and consequences of the French Revolution.
• The impact of the Great Depression on global economies and policies.
• Investigating the influence of the Viking Age on European history.
• How did the invention of the printing press alter societal structures?
• Examining the development and impact of the ancient Silk Road.
• Exploring the impact of the Spanish Inquisition on religious freedom.
• How did the fall of the Berlin Wall impact Germany?
• Investigating the impacts of British colonialism in India.
• The role of the United Nations in conflict resolution.
• How did the Hundred Years' War influence European power structures?
• Exploring the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire.
• How did the suffragette movement impact women’s rights globally?
• Investigating the impact of the Cuban Missile Crisis on US-Cuban relations.
• The rise and fall of ancient Egyptian civilization.
• How did the apartheid system shape South African society?
• Exploring the history and global impacts of the Olympic Games.
• Investigating the role of espionage during the Cold War.
• How did the American Civil War shape the United States?
• Exploring the historical development and impact of the European Union.
• Investigating the origins and outcomes of the Crusades.
• How did the Meiji Restoration impact Japanese society and industry?
• Examining the role of Christianity in medieval Europe.
• How did the Renaissance influence artistic and scientific advancements?
• Investigating the causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution.
• How did imperialism shape African nations and their post-colonial futures?
• Exploring the history and development of maritime explorations.
• How did the Mongol Empire facilitate cultural and economic exchanges?
• Investigating the history and impacts of the global spice trade.
• How did the Treaty of Versailles impact post-WWI Europe?
• Examining the impact of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement.
• Exploring the development and historical significance of the Great Wall of China.
• How did the Bubonic Plague alter medieval European societies?
• Exploring the roots and global influence of the Islamic Golden Age.
• How did the Manhattan Project influence the outcome of WWII?
• Investigating the impacts of the Reformation on European societies.
• How did the Korean War shape the geopolitics of East Asia?
• Exploring the history and social significance of the Samurai in Japan.
• How did European colonialism shape the Americas?
• Investigating the historical development and impact of the English language.
• How did the Holocaust shape post-WWII international relations?
• Examining the role and significance of the League of Nations.
• How did the ancient Silk Road facilitate global trade and culture?
• Investigating the origins, development, and impact of the Internet.
• How did the Pax Romana influence development within the Roman Empire?

EPQ Ideas Geography

• Exploring the impact of climate change on polar bear populations.
• How do urban areas influence local weather and climate conditions?
• Investigating the geographical impact of rising sea levels on island nations.
• Analyzing the socio-economic impacts of desertification in sub-Saharan Africa.
• How does migration influence cultural diversity in urban centers?
• Exploring the geographical disparities in access to clean water globally.
• Investigating the impact of deforestation on biodiversity in the Amazon.
• How do volcanic eruptions impact local and global climates?
• Assessing the geographical implications of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam.
• Exploring the impact of air pollution on urban populations.
• How does geology influence the distribution of natural resources worldwide?
• Assessing the geographical implications of national borders in conflict zones.
• Investigating the impact of tourism on local economies and environments.
• How do mountain ranges influence regional weather patterns?
• Examining the impact of natural disasters on vulnerable populations.
• Exploring the relationship between poverty and geographical location in urban settings.
• How does geographical location influence agricultural practices and food security?
• Investigating urbanization trends and their impact on biodiversity.
• How do geopolitical factors influence resource exploitation in the Arctic?
• Assessing the geographical impact of the melting Greenland ice sheet.
• How has the geography of the Silk Road shaped global trade?
• Exploring geographical factors influencing the spread of infectious diseases.
• How does geography influence the development of cultural identities?
• Investigating the geographical implications of the construction of HS2 in the UK.
• How does urban sprawl influence local ecosystems?
• Assessing the geographical impact of plastic pollution in ocean currents.
• How does the El Niño phenomenon impact global weather patterns?
• Exploring the geographical and cultural impacts of colonialism in Africa.
• How does geography influence the location and impact of earthquakes?
• Assessing the implications of melting glaciers on global sea levels.
• How does the physical geography of a region influence its economy?
• Investigating the impact of coral reef bleaching on marine biodiversity.
• Exploring geographical factors influencing the location of renewable energy projects.
• How has the geography of ancient trade routes shaped modern civilizations?
• Investigating the impact of climate change on traditional nomadic lifestyles.
• How does geography influence political relationships between neighboring countries?
• Investigating the geographical and environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing.
• How does geography influence disaster preparedness and response strategies?
• Assessing the geographical factors influencing the location of biomes.
• Investigating the impact of geography on accessibility to education.
• How does geography influence the distribution and effectiveness of foreign aid?
• Assessing the geographical challenges and benefits of hosting the Olympic Games.
• Investigating the geographical challenges of waste management in urban areas.
• How does geography influence the availability and cost of healthcare?
• Assessing the geographical and ecological impact of overfishing.
• How does the physical geography of a region influence tourism?
• Investigating the impact of geography on international trade relations.
• How does geography influence population distribution and density?
• Exploring geographical strategies for mitigating urban heat island effects.
• How does geography shape linguistic diversity within a nation?

EPQ Ideas English

• Exploring the portrayal of gender and power in Shakespearean plays.
• Assessing the impact of dystopian literature on social and political perspectives.
• Investigating the evolution of the English language and its global impacts.
• How does Jane Austen portray women, society, and social mobility in her novels?
• Analysing symbolism and allegory used in William Blake’s poetry.
• How does the Beat Generation literature reflect post-war American society?
• Exploring representations of race and identity in postcolonial literature.
• Analysing the influence of Arthurian legends on modern literature and media.
• Exploring the relationship between modernism, existentialism, and literature.
• How does George Orwell explore themes of oppression and surveillance in 1984?
• Analysing the impact of the Harlem Renaissance on American literature and culture.
• Exploring the representations of mental health in Victorian Gothic literature.
• Investigating the role of nature and the sublime in Romantic poetry.
• How are gender and sexuality portrayed in Virginia Woolf’s novels?
• Examining the notion of 'the other' in Dracula by Bram Stoker.
• How does dystopian young adult literature reflect contemporary societal fears?
• Exploring childhood and the loss of innocence in J.D. Salinger’s works.
• Analysing the role of supernatural elements in the works of Edgar Allan Poe.
• Investigating the influence of the first world war on English poetry.
• How does Charles Dickens critique social inequality in his novels?
• Exploring feminist approaches to analysing classic fairy tales.
• Investigating the symbolic meaning of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby.
• Exploring the role of unreliable narrators in modernist literature.
• How is disability represented in Victorian literature?
• Investigating the depiction of rebellion and non-conformity in dystopian literature.
• Analysing portrayals of motherhood and fatherhood in contemporary English literature.
• How does Emily Brontë explore themes of love and revenge in Wuthering Heights?
• Analysing the impact of the civil rights movement on African American literature.
• Investigating representations of colonialism and imperialism in 19th-century English literature.
• How is the theme of isolation explored in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein?
• Exploring the impact of the industrial revolution on English novelists.
• Analysing religious and spiritual symbols in the works of T.S. Eliot.
• Investigating the representation of the urban and the rural in English literature.
• How does F. Scott Fitzgerald critique the American upper class in his works?
• Exploring the concept of heroism in J.R.R. Tolkien’s Middle-earth novels.
• How does John Steinbeck explore themes of poverty and despair in his works?
• Analysing the theme of identity and belonging in postcolonial literature.
• How does Mark Twain address social and racial issues in his novels?
• Exploring the notion of tragedy in the works of William Faulkner.
• Investigating the impact of the Enlightenment on 18th-century English literature.
• How does Agatha Christie utilize and subvert the conventions of detective fiction?
• Exploring themes of loss and longing in the poetry of W.B. Yeats.
• How do modern graphic novels contribute to the discourse on gender and identity?
• Analysing the role of fantasy and the supernatural in Philip Pullman’s works.
• How are societal norms and values challenged in the works of Oscar Wilde?
• Exploring the use and subversion of myths in Angela Carter’s short stories.
• How does Sylvia Plath explore themes of mental illness in her poetry and prose?
• Analysing the role of moral and ethical dilemmas in dystopian literature.
• Exploring themes of power and corruption in works set during the Tudor period.
• Investigating the exploration of trauma and healing in autobiographical works.

EPQ Ideas Economics

• Exploring the economic implications of universal basic income implementations in developed countries.
• How does economic globalization affect income inequality within developing nations?
• Analysing the economic impacts of the gig economy on traditional employment models.
• Investigating the role of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in modern economies.
• Examining the economic consequences of climate change on agricultural sectors.
• How did the 2008 financial crisis impact global economic policies and practices?
• Exploring the relationship between education expenditures and economic growth.
• Analyzing the role of gender equality in enhancing economic development.
• Investigating the relationship between government debt and economic growth.
• How does automation and artificial intelligence impact employment and economy?
• Exploring economic policies for managing population aging in developed countries.
• Analysing the impact of Brexit on the UK and European economies.
• How can developing countries harness the benefits of financial inclusion?
• Exploring the role of microfinance in alleviating poverty in developing nations.
• Examining the economic impacts of pandemics on global trade.
• How does political stability influence economic development and growth?
• Exploring the impact of infrastructure development on economic growth.
• Analysing the implications of protectionist trade policies on global economies.
• How do immigration patterns influence economic development in host countries?
• Investigating the economic effects of technology transfer in developing countries.
• Assessing the role of taxation policies in income and wealth distribution.
• Exploring the economic impacts of tourism in small island developing states.
• How does fiscal policy impact economic cycles and fluctuations?
• Analysing the relationship between income inequality and economic growth.
• How do corporate social responsibility initiatives impact economic performance?
• Investigating the effects of economic sanctions on targeted nations.
• Examining the role of entrepreneurship in economic development and innovation.
• How does the informal economy impact economic development in developing countries?
• Exploring the impacts of healthcare expenditure on economic development.
• Analysing the effects of urbanisation on economic development.
• Investigating the impact of social media on consumer spending and behaviours.
• How do environmental regulations impact economic performance in industrial sectors?
• Assessing the role of government interventions in crisis-stricken economies.
• Exploring economic diversification and its impact on national economic stability.
• Investigating the impacts of economic inequality on societal well-being and stability.
• Analysing the role of renewable energy investments in economic development.
• How do international trade agreements impact local industries and economies?
• Exploring the economic implications of gender disparities in labour markets.
• Analysing the economic impacts of natural disasters in developing countries.
• Investigating the relationship between law, order, and economic development.
• How do sovereign wealth funds impact global financial markets?
• Examining the economic implications of ageing populations in developed countries.
• Analysing the economic consequences of different types of tax structures.
• How do e-commerce trends impact traditional retail markets and economies?
• Exploring the impacts of corruption on economic development and stability.
• How do developments in the space industry impact global economies?
• Analysing the economic impacts of large-scale sporting events on host cities.
• Investigating the relationship between energy prices and economic performance.
• How do educational levels and systems impact economic productivity?
• Assessing the economic implications of adopting sustainable practices in businesses.

EPQ Ideas Engineering

• Investigating the impact of 3D printing technologies on traditional manufacturing processes.
• Analysing the role of bioengineering in the development of artificial organs.
• How can robotics and automation be effectively integrated into small-scale manufacturing?
• Exploring the use of nanotechnology in enhancing material properties for construction.
• Assessing the potential of renewable energy systems in urban environments.
• How can engineers mitigate the environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing processes?
• Investigating the applications and challenges of adopting Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart homes.
• Analysing the implementation of biomimicry in architectural and structural design.
• Exploring sustainable materials for reducing the carbon footprint of transportation vehicles.
• How does machine learning and artificial intelligence enhance engineering design processes?
• Investigating the role of genetic engineering in agriculture and food production.
• Assessing the challenges and opportunities in offshore wind energy production.
• How can virtual reality technologies be implemented in engineering design workflows?
• Analysing the impact of electric vehicles on transportation infrastructure development.
• Investigating the applications of drone technology in civil and environmental engineering.
• Exploring the role of materials engineering in developing sustainable packaging solutions.
• How do aerodynamics principles influence the design of energy-efficient vehicles?
• Assessing the implications of using recycled materials in construction projects.
• Developing assistive technologies for enhancing mobility in individuals with disabilities.
• How can engineers optimize the use of spatial data in urban planning?
• Analysing the challenges of implementing smart grid technologies in developing countries.
• Investigating methods for improving energy efficiency in residential buildings.
• Exploring the impacts of autonomous vehicles on urban transport systems.
• How can engineers mitigate the environmental impacts of large-scale mining activities?
• Analysing structural engineering innovations for earthquake-resistant buildings.
• Exploring methods for reducing noise pollution in urban environments.
• How do engineers design wastewater treatment processes to conserve resources?
• Investigating the role of computer-aided design (CAD) in modern engineering.
• Exploring the applications of biodegradable materials in consumer products.
• How do engineers approach the design of sustainable urban drainage systems?
• Analysing the use of thermal energy storage systems in industrial processes.
• Investigating engineering solutions for mitigating coastal erosion in vulnerable areas.
• How can engineers develop technologies for harnessing energy from the oceans?
• Assessing the applications and limitations of wearable technology in healthcare.
• Exploring innovations in thermal insulation materials for building applications.
• How can civil engineers adapt urban infrastructure for climate change resilience?
• Investigating the challenges of integrating renewable energy systems into national grids.
• Analysing engineering solutions for managing electronic waste (e-waste).
• Exploring the application of AI in predictive maintenance for industrial machinery.
• How can engineers design adaptable infrastructure for rapidly growing urban populations?
• Investigating the role of engineering in developing sustainable agricultural practices.
• Assessing the potential of piezoelectric materials in energy harvesting applications.
• How can engineers develop scalable and efficient water desalination processes?
• Investigating the development of lightweight and durable materials for aerospace applications.
• Analysing the engineering challenges in developing a viable hyperloop transportation system.
• How can engineers design systems to harness energy from human activities?
• Investigating the use of geothermal energy in residential heating systems.
• Exploring the role of systems engineering in developing integrated technologies.
• How can engineers optimize logistics and supply chain management using IoT?
• Investigating the impacts of technological advancements on telecommunications infrastructure.

EPQ Ideas Politics

• The impact of social media on political elections and campaigns.
• Exploring the evolution and impact of feminist movements globally.
• How does immigration policy influence national economic performance?
• An analysis of the role of propaganda in political movements.
• The influence of religion on political policies and decision-making.
• How have political ideologies shaped international relations since 1945?
• Exploring the relationship between socio-economic status and political affiliation.
• The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global political structures.
• Assessing the effectiveness of international law in resolving conflicts.
• How does political stability influence economic development in developing countries?
• The role of youth in shaping contemporary political movements.
• Analysis of the implications of Brexit on European unity.
• Investigating the causes and consequences of political scandals.
• How significant is the role of lobbyists in shaping policy?
• Why do political parties change their policy platforms over time?
• Investigating the impact of political satire on public opinion.
• Exploring the effect of populist leaders on international relations.
• What is the impact of colonialism on contemporary global politics?
• Analysis of the relationship between militarism and democracy.
• The efficacy of the United Nations in resolving international crises.
• How effective are economic sanctions as a political tool?
• Impact of political revolutions on regional stability and cooperation.
• Exploring the political consequences of climate change in island nations.
• How do authoritarian regimes utilize media to control narratives?
• Comparative analysis of healthcare policies across different political systems.
• Investigating the influence of ethnic diversity on political systems.
• How does nationalism influence foreign policy and international relations?
• Examining the role of ethics in modern political leadership.
• Understanding the impact of political assassinations on world politics.
• Exploring the intersections between technology development and politics.
• Investigating the role of patriotism in shaping foreign policy.
• Can democracy and socialism coexist in a balanced political system?
• What are the political implications of universal basic income implementation?
• Investigating the historical impact of propaganda on war efforts.
• How do geopolitical considerations shape energy policy decisions?
• The role of international organizations in global peacekeeping efforts.
• How does a nation’s political ideology influence its educational policies?
• Investigating the politics behind global arms trade and military expenditure.
• How significant is the role of charisma in political leadership?
• Investigating the role of political ideology in defining human rights.
• Does the structure of electoral systems influence political polarization?
• Exploring the political impacts of artificial intelligence and automation.
• How does political culture influence policy-making in democracies?
• What are the political consequences of income inequality in nations?
• Examining the role of intelligence agencies in shaping foreign policy.
• Exploring the role of diplomacy in averting international crises.
• How can political systems adapt to manage increasing urbanization effectively?
• Comparative analysis of right-wing political movements across countries.
• Investigating the implications of political decentralization on national unity.
• Examining the role of political ideology in shaping social policies.

EPQ Ideas Sociology

• Exploring the impact of social media on contemporary political movements.
• Analyzing the sociological implications of increasing income inequality globally.
• How does gentrification impact local communities and their social dynamics?
• Examining the role of education in perpetuating social inequality.
• Investigating the impact of culture on gender roles and expectations.
• How does racial and ethnic identity influence social mobility prospects?
• Exploring the sociological implications of mass surveillance on privacy and freedom.
• Examining the relationship between mental health and social isolation in urban settings.
• How does religion shape societal norms and individual behaviors in different cultures?
• Investigating the role of language in shaping social and cultural identity.
• Exploring the sociological perspectives on global migration and diaspora communities.
• How does social stigma towards mental health issues impact societal wellbeing?
• Analyzing the influence of celebrity culture on youth identity and aspirations.
• Investigating the sociological dimensions of sports and national identity.
• How do family structures and roles evolve in multicultural societies?
• Examining the social implications of automation and job displacement.
• Investigating the impacts of fast fashion on societal consumption patterns.
• How do educational policies reproduce and challenge existing social inequalities?
• Exploring the role of art and music in social protest movements.
• How does the normalization of extreme diet culture impact societal health perceptions?
• Examining social and cultural perspectives on sexual orientation and identity.
• Investigating the role of the media in shaping public perceptions of crime.
• How does socioeconomic status impact access to healthcare services?
• Analyzing the sociological impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities.
• How do social movements influence political policy and societal change?
• Exploring the role of social networks in facilitating social and economic mobility.
• How does the aging population impact societal structures and economic policies?
• Investigating the sociology of fear and its impact on public behavior.
• How do social constructs of beauty impact individual and societal wellbeing?
• Examining the relationship between urbanization and social change.
• How does social class impact youth aspirations and career trajectories?
• Investigating the sociological aspects of digital divide in global contexts.
• How do social and cultural factors impact dietary habits and preferences?
• Exploring the social dynamics and implications of online dating.
• Investigating the impacts of neoliberal policies on social inequality.
• How does social status impact mental and physical health?
• Exploring the sociological perspectives on homelessness in urban environments.
• How do experiences of discrimination impact identity and social cohesion?
• Analyzing the societal impacts of the gig economy and precarious employment.
• How do traditional gender roles impact professional development and opportunities?
• Exploring the sociology of leisure and its evolution in digital societies.
• How do institutions reinforce stereotypes and perpetuate social inequalities?
• Examining the sociological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global societies.
• How does social activism impact individual identity and societal values?
• Investigating the sociological theories explaining youth subcultures and resistance.
• How does consumerism impact societal values and individual wellbeing?
• Exploring the impact of social media on body image perceptions among teenagers.
• How does bilingualism impact social and cognitive development?
• Examining the sociological dimensions of drug use and addiction.
• How do societal structures impact the development and adoption of innovations?

EPQ Ideas Psychology

• Exploring the psychological impacts of childhood trauma on adult life.
• How do different colors influence our mood and behavior?
• Investigating the impact of sleep on cognitive function and mood.
• The role of psychology in developing effective marketing strategies.
• Understanding the psychological impact of chronic pain on mental health.
• Analysis of psychological techniques used in criminal interrogations.
• How does social media usage correlate with self-esteem levels?
• Examining the psychological impact of bullying on children’s development.
• Investigating cognitive biases and their impact on decision-making.
• What is the psychological impact of living through a pandemic?
• Exploring the link between creativity and mental health issues.
• The impact of parenting styles on a child's emotional development.
• How does workplace environment influence employee motivation and productivity?
• Exploring the relationship between physical activity and mental health.
• The role of positive affirmations in enhancing self-esteem and confidence.
• Understanding the psychological processes behind human memory and recall.
• Examining the role of empathy in conflict resolution scenarios.
• Investigating the efficacy of various forms of psychotherapy.
• What is the impact of music on mental health and mood?
• Exploring the relationship between diet, gut health, and mental well-being.
• Understanding the development and maintenance of phobias.
• How does unemployment impact psychological well-being and self-perception?
• Investigating the correlation between educational stress and mental health.
• Understanding the psychology behind conformity and obedience in groups.
• How does language development correlate with cognitive abilities in children?
• Exploring the psychological implications of virtual reality technology.
• Understanding the psychological impact of cosmetic surgery on individuals.
• How do dreams and their interpretation relate to our subconscious?
• Exploring the role of psychological resilience in overcoming adversity.
• Understanding the impact of mindfulness meditation on mental health.
• Exploring the psychological aspects of addictive behaviors.
• Investigating the relationship between personality traits and career success.
• How does birth order influence personality and behavioral traits?
• Understanding the psychological impact of long-term remote work.
• How do romantic relationships impact mental and emotional well-being?
• Exploring the psychological perspective of spiritual and religious beliefs.
• What are the psychological impacts of societal beauty standards?
• Investigating the psychology behind consumer behavior and purchasing decisions.
• Exploring the psychological effects of gender stereotypes on individual development.
• Investigating the role of psychology in enhancing athletic performance.
• Understanding the psychological tactics utilized in political campaigns.
• How do learning environments influence students’ psychological well-being?
• Exploring the implications of attachment styles on adult relationships.
• Investigating the psychology of altruism and prosocial behaviors.
• How does exposure to nature impact psychological well-being?
• Exploring the impact of screen time on adolescent mental health.
• How does socioeconomic status influence psychological health and perspectives?
• Exploring the psychological dimensions of humor and laughter.
• Understanding the psychology behind fear and its impact on behavior.
• Investigating psychological strategies to combat procrastination.

EPQ Ideas Law

• Exploring the legal aspects and impacts of cyberbullying across different jurisdictions.
• Investigating the legal and ethical aspects of using artificial intelligence in law enforcement.
• How does international law address the issue of climate change and global warming?
• Assessing the efficacy of international law in dealing with global human rights violations.
• Investigating the implications of Internet censorship and freedom of speech laws.
• How do copyright laws affect content creation and sharing in the digital age?
• Analyzing the role of law in addressing gender inequality in the workplace.
• Assessing the impact and legality of surveillance technology on privacy rights.
• How have laws regarding LGBTQ+ rights evolved across different countries?
• Exploring the role of law in the mitigation of environmental degradation.
• Examining the impact of international trade laws on developing economies.
• Investigating legal strategies to address domestic violence in various countries.
• How can law be used to mitigate the effects of online hate speech?
• Exploring the influence of political bias in legal systems across different nations.
• Analyzing the legal challenges and implications of autonomous vehicles.
• How does the law differentiate between freedom of expression and hate speech?
• Exploring the legalities involved in international adoption and child trafficking.
• Analyzing the legal perspective of euthanasia and assisted suicide in various countries.
• How are labor laws adapting to the gig economy and freelancing trend?
• Examining legal perspectives on managing refugees and asylum seekers internationally.
• Exploring the interplay between religious beliefs and legal judgments.
• Investigating the effect of legal frameworks on addressing cyber warfare.
• How can laws better protect wildlife from poaching and illegal trade?
• Exploring the role of law in regulating space exploration and utilization.
• Investigating the legal frameworks for protecting consumers in e-commerce.
• How does the legal system handle digital inheritance and digital assets?
• Analyzing the impact of international laws on national sovereignty.
• Exploring the challenges of implementing and enforcing international health law.
• How does intellectual property law protect innovations in technology?
• Investigating legal ethics in the context of criminal defense.
• Exploring the challenges in legal frameworks addressing child labor internationally.
• Analyzing the role and effectiveness of anti-monopoly laws in various countries.
• How are laws addressing the ethical concerns in genetic engineering practices?
• Exploring the implications of post-conviction exoneration on legal systems.
• Investigating the evolution and effectiveness of international maritime laws.
• How do international laws address state-sponsored terrorism?
• Analyzing the legal challenges related to refugee status determination.
• How does international law regulate the global arms trade?
• Investigating the relationship between socioeconomic status and legal justice outcomes.
• How can legal systems effectively address issues related to cybercrimes?
• Examining the legal frameworks in place to address human trafficking.
• How do legal systems address juvenile delinquency and rehabilitation?
• Investigating the disparities in legal strategies for dealing with drug abuse.
• How can legal structures enhance or impede social justice?
• Exploring the challenges of enforcing international laws on digital privacy.
• Investigating the law concerning data protection and breaches in various countries.
• How can the law ensure ethical practices in biomedical research?
• Exploring the legal implications of using facial recognition technology in public spaces.
• Examining how international law addresses genocide and crimes against humanity.
• How does the law address issues of child custody in contentious divorces?

EPQ Ideas Computer Science

• Exploring the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in decision-making.
• Investigating the security vulnerabilities in Internet of Things devices.
• How does machine learning contribute to personalized marketing strategies?
• Analyzing the impact of quantum computing on data encryption.
• Exploring the potential of blockchain technology beyond cryptocurrency.
• Developing an efficient algorithm for solving a specific computational problem.
• How can augmented reality enhance user experience in e-commerce?
• Examining the role of computer science in combating climate change.
• Investigating the challenges and solutions of data storage scalability.
• What role does computer science play in precision medicine?
• Exploring the application of artificial intelligence in autonomous vehicles.
• Understanding the impact of cybersecurity breaches on businesses.
• Developing a software solution to address a specific societal issue.
• Investigating methods to optimize database query performance.
• How do ethical hackers enhance the security of online platforms?
• Exploring computational methods for solving complex mathematical problems.
• Developing a predictive model using machine learning algorithms.
• How can cloud computing be made more energy-efficient?
• Investigating the implementation of cybersecurity practices in small businesses.
• Examining the role of data analytics in sports performance.
• Exploring the integration of AI technologies into everyday household appliances.
• How can computer vision be utilized in industrial automation?
• Investigating the evolution of programming languages and their applicabilities.
• Exploring the application of computer science in forensic science.
• Developing a secure and efficient wireless communication protocol.
• Examining the feasibility and benefits of smart cities.
• How can virtual reality be applied in educational settings?
• Exploring the impact of high-frequency trading algorithms on stock markets.
• Investigating the development and use of chatbots in customer service.
• What is the role of computer science in biotechnology research?
• Exploring the challenges of implementing digital currencies on a large scale.
• Developing a privacy-focused approach to data management in applications.
• How can technology improve accessibility for people with disabilities?
• Investigating the development of gaming engines and their impact on the industry.
• Developing an algorithm for optimized resource allocation in network systems.
• How does big data analytics influence the finance industry?
• Exploring the psychological implications of user interface design.
• Investigating the impact of social media algorithms on user behavior.
• How to ensure ethical considerations in the development of AI technologies?
• Exploring the evolution and future of wearable technology.
• Investigating challenges and approaches to multi-language information retrieval.
• How can computational models improve our understanding of human cognition?
• Examining the implementation of cybersecurity in healthcare technology.
• Exploring the application and impact of deep learning in image recognition.
• Investigating the societal impact of widespread facial recognition technology.
• Developing an efficient load balancing technique for distributed computing.
• How can computer science methods aid in pandemic modeling and management?
• Exploring adaptive learning technologies and their impact on education.
• Developing and implementing an effective intrusion detection system.
• How can AI technologies assist in disaster prediction and management?

EPQ Ideas Medicine

• Exploring advancements and ethical considerations in the field of gene editing.
• Investigating the role of immunotherapy in treating different forms of cancer.
• How can machine learning and AI revolutionize diagnostic medicine in the future?
• Analyzing the impacts of telemedicine on healthcare accessibility in rural areas.
• What are the ethical implications of organ transplantation and organ donation policies?
• Exploring the role of personalized medicine in treating chronic conditions.
• Examining the effectiveness and consequences of various weight loss surgeries.
• How do socio-economic factors influence access to healthcare services globally?
• Investigating the use and effects of CRISPR technology in preventing genetic disorders.
• Exploring the impacts and management of antibiotic resistance in global health.
• Examining the role of mental health in overall healthcare systems.
• How can advancements in prosthetics enhance the quality of life for amputees?
• Investigating the psychological and physical impacts of chronic pain on patients.
• Assessing the effects of the placebo effect in various medical treatments.
• How do ethical considerations impact decision-making in palliative care?
• Examining the effects and management of opioid addiction in different demographics.
• Exploring alternative medicine: Efficacy and challenges in integrating with conventional medicine.
• Investigating the role of nutrition in managing and preventing chronic diseases.
• How does the global pharmaceutical industry impact healthcare accessibility and affordability?
• Exploring the health impacts of air pollution in urban areas.
• Examining the role and limitations of robotic surgery in healthcare.
• Investigating the psychological impacts of long-term hospitalization on patients.
• Exploring potential treatments and vaccines for emerging global health threats.
• Assessing the impact of healthcare policies on patient outcomes in various countries.
• How can stem cell therapy change the future of regenerative medicine?
• Exploring the efficacy and ethical considerations of animal testing in medical research.
• Examining the role of social support systems in cancer patient outcomes.
• Investigating advancements in neonatal care and its impacts on infant mortality.
• Exploring strategies for managing global pandemics and ensuring healthcare preparedness.
• How does health insurance impact access to quality healthcare services?
• Examining the role of gut microbiota in overall human health.
• Exploring the challenges and solutions in global mental health treatment accessibility.
• How do genetic factors influence the development and treatment of various diseases?
• Investigating the effects of sleep and sleep disorders on overall health.
• Examining the role of vaccinations in global health and disease eradication.
• Investigating the application and implications of 3D printing in medical practice.
• Assessing the role of physical therapy in managing chronic conditions.
• How can technology enhance healthcare delivery in low-resource settings?
• Exploring the role and challenges of pediatric care in various contexts.
• How do socio-cultural factors influence perceptions and decisions related to healthcare?
• Examining approaches and challenges in pain management for various conditions.
• Exploring the impacts of medical breakthroughs on societal health and wellbeing.
• How do legal frameworks impact medical practices and patient rights?
• Examining ethical dilemmas in reproductive medicine and women’s healthcare.
• Investigating the role of healthcare workers in managing and preventing disease outbreaks.
• Assessing the role and limitations of wearable technology in healthcare.
• How does climate change impact the emergence and spread of diseases?
• Exploring the implications and management of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections.
• Examining approaches to managing healthcare in conflict and post-conflict regions.
• Investigating strategies to enhance medical education and training in various contexts.

These are some of our best EPQ ideas for a range of popular subjects. Each of these titles is meant to give you inspiration, helping you to find a topic that you’re interested in.

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EPQs: finding and using evidence

Finding the evidence that will help you understand a topic or answer a question is an important stage in the research process. And once you have found it, you will need to examine it closely and carefully, to judge how reliable it is and whether it is useful to help you answer your question.

The Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) is an opportunity for you to work independently on a topic that really interests you or that you think is important. It is equivalent to an A-level qualification. These articles are designed to help you if you are enrolled on an EPQ.

  See previous article in series: Designing your research question

Before working through this article, you should have settled on your research question .

This article will support you through the next steps in the research cycle (Figure 1): collecting evidence (or data) to help you answer your question and starting your analysis of that evidence.  First, let’s look at collecting data.

What is already known about your topic?

The first step in answering a research question is usually to do a ‘literature review’ or ‘research review’.

These articles focus on the ‘research review’ type of EPQ, in which collecting and analysing evidence from what other people have written will be a major part of what you do.

Researchers need to do research reviews for two reasons. First, they want to uncover what is already known. A lot is already known about some topics and they want to be sure that they are researching a novel question. Second, they want to get a balanced view of what is known, rather than jumping in and relying on the first pieces of information they find.

A literature review starts with focused and serious reading, to help you develop your knowledge and understanding of the topic, and begin to gather evidence that will help you answer your question.

Julia , a researcher in AstrobiologyOU, whose research explores the possibilities for habitable environments in the Solar System, demonstrates how she starts a literature review. As you read through, think about the process Julia describes and how you could apply the steps she takes to your EPQ research review.

• Starting a literature review.

When you’re starting a literature review, where do you look for evidence? 

Any literature review requires a well-defined topic. Let’s assume the topic is something in planetary science!

Find an exciting topic: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov provides a good overview of our Solar System.  Let’s pick Mars.

Define a specific question. How did Valles Marineris form? 

Learn about Valles Marineris. You can use Wikipedia as a starting point and look up the references given there.

Use Google Scholar to find specific literature (e.g. search words such as *formation of Valles Marineris*). Look up research cited in the papers you read if they are also relevant to your topic. Make sure you always cite your sources.

My colleague Julia is a research fellow in AstrobiologyOU. She uses computer modelling to understand geological processes on planets such as Venus and Mars. For her, the process of starting a literature review is all about starting broad and gradually narrowing down. So, assuming that the topic is something in planetary science, start with something that gives you an overview. In this case, it’s the whole solar system. Then gradually coming in a step, first of all, focusing on one planet: Mars. Coming down to something on that planet; how did Valles Marineris form? And then having decided on the specific topic, learning more about it, Julia suggests using Wikipedia as a starting point, but looking up references given from it, and then using Google Scholar or other research engines to find specific literature, to look up research, and to find papers that are relevant to your topic.

Comments on Julia’s approach 

You’ll notice that Julia starts from the ‘big picture’ and gradually focuses down to more specific material. This is very similar to the process you followed in article 1 ( Designing your research question ) to move from ‘this is a topic I’m interested in’ to ‘this is the question I want to ask’.

You’ll also notice that Julia moves from a quite open, broad source of evidence (Wikipedia) to using more serious sources (Google Scholar). There’s more on where and how to look for evidence in Section 4.

You will know that Wikipedia, despite having information about hundreds of thousands of topics, is not a 100% reliable source. Wikipedia can be a good place to start your research, get your ideas moving and find places where you can look for more information, but you should always cross-check any information you find there against another source.

Finding keywords.

With so much information available online, how do you begin finding relevant material? Most researchers start by assembling a collection of keywords that relate to the topic and can be used to search for more information. But how do you find those all-important keywords?

In some ways, deciding on your keywords is like the ‘ten words’ activity you used in Article 1 to help you move from topic to question.

• Watch how Devyani creates a mind map
• Ann’s summary

Photo of mind map

But how do you come up with those all-important keywords? Devyani, who is a PhD student in AstrobiologyOU, gave me a few thoughts. As a PhD student, she’s just been through this process herself. 

She suggested looking for key concepts and words in the main topic, perhaps splitting your question up and looking at separate elements of it. So for her, space technologies, sustainable development, SDGs, would be good keywords. Perhaps writing down similar words to the keywords that you've identified, using a thesaurus to help you find alternatives. 

Once you start searching, using things like Google Scholar or the Web of Science, you can use advanced search options such as ‘and’ and ‘or’ functions to help you link topics that you need to look for. 

We’ll come on to different places you can actually do your searches in a couple of minutes.

You might want to try Devyani’s method, or you could try  this quick activity  from The Open University to get started on finding good keywords. 

Going back to the example research question we used in Article 1:  ‘ How did young people use social media for activism?: comparing the content of Instagram posts on #blacklivesmatter and #FridaysForFuture during 2020’

What keywords might you use to search for relevant material to help answer this question?  Perhaps you’d come up with ideas like “social media”, “activism”, “black lives matter”, “Fridays for future”.

As you can see, keywords can sometimes be more than one word!

Searching for evidence.

Having identified your keywords, the next step is to use them to start searching for evidence that will help you answer your research question.

Evidence can come from many sources: books; academic articles (often called ‘papers’); reports from businesses, charities and other organisations; newspaper articles; radio and television; websites; social media … the list could go on!

With so much material out there, it’s helpful to make a plan before you start your search. Think about:

• the keywords you will use
• the most useful places to search
• the time you have available for searching.

Keeping track .

You will gather a lot of information, so you should keep good records. Knowing what you’ve looked for, where you looked and what you found there will help you avoid repeating something you’ve already done. You’ll also be able to fully acknowledge the sources you have used in your research (this will be discussed further in Article 3 ). Make notes of:

• what keywords and combinations of keywords you used (your ‘search terms’)
• where you looked
• what documents you downloaded or read online
• notes you made about what you read.

You could keep a record in a simple table, perhaps on a spreadsheet (you can download  an example here ).

For any documents you find, you’ll also find it useful to keep records of:

• the name of the author(s)
• when it was published
• the title of the article, report, book or chapter
• where it was published – i.e., the title of the journal, book or website
• a link to the document or its DOI (digital object identifier)
• (for books) the name of the publishing company and where it’s based.

The digital object identifier (DOI):  You might not have come across a DOI before. Most academic articles have a DOI – a unique string of numbers and letters that is permanently attached to an article. If you paste a DOI into a browser, it will take you straight to that article. Try this one: https://doi.org/10.14324/RFA.05.2.14

When it comes to writing up your dissertation, these notes can be good evidence in themselves, showing how you carried out your review, so it’s sensible to get your record-keeping method set up before you begin searching.

Where should I search?

It’s very likely that you will carry out your search using online resources. But there are so many to choose from that it can be difficult to know where to start.

• Search engines
• University repositories
• Social media
• Researchers’ websites
• Scholarly databases
• Collections
• Journal websites

You can use the well-known search engines, such as Google, Bing or Yahoo, but you will get more reliable results if you use a specialised search engine such as  Google Scholar , which returns links to articles and academic papers produced by researchers in universities and research institutions.

Many of the papers, articles, newspaper pieces and other items that you will find in your searching – but not all – will be  open access,  which means they are free to view and you can download them. 

Many universities have repositories that store the work of researchers at that university. The Open University’s repository is called  Open Research Online (ORO) . Most UK and international universities have something similar. Universities maintain these repositories because they want to make the work of their researchers available for others to use.

Repositories are often looked after by the university’s library team, so if you can’t find the repository easily, try looking on the library pages on the university website.

Online repositories usually allow you to search by a topic, or by the name of the author if you are trying to get hold of a particular resource.

If you’re interested in the work of a particular research group (such as  AstrobiologyOU ) or a specific researcher, you’ll often find them on social media. Most research groups keep copies of work published by their researchers; it’s always worth contacting them. Explain that you want to use the research for your EPQ.

Researchers often have their own websites ( here’s an example ), which you can find using a search engine. If you can’t get hold of an article that you need for your work, email the researcher. Researchers are often willing to share copies of their work to help other researchers, so explain that you want to use it for your EPQ.

Many researchers keep copies of their papers and articles on networking sites such as  ResearchGate , which also allow you to search by topic. However, these records are kept up to date by the researchers themselves, so you should always check against another source if you can.

Professional databases, such as Web of Science and EBSCO , bring together research from thousands of researchers across the world.

However, you will have to create an account, or pay a subscription to make full use of sites like this, which might not be practical for you.

If you find the researcher on the database but the paper you want isn’t there, use the database’s facilities to contact the researcher. Again, tell them why you want to read the article.

Universities and research institutions are increasingly bringing their resources together into large collections.

CORE  is the world’s largest collection of open access research papers and articles.

ARXIV.org  has more than a million articles, mainly in physics, mathematics and engineering.

Journals are the places where researchers publish the articles that discuss their research. There are many thousands of academic journals in existence, covering every topic imaginable.

For example, try typing the phrase "ecology journal" (complete with speech marks) into a search engine. You will find a long list of possible titles is returned.

On the journals’ websites, you can search by topic to find relevant articles. If you are searching for a specific paper, and know the journal it was published in, you can use the journal’s search function to find it. However, many journals are commercial organisations and keep articles behind a ‘paywall’, meaning they are only available to people or institutions that subscribe to them.

Fortunately, more and more journals (for example PLoS – Public Library of Science ) are fully open access and many journals make some articles freely available.

Print media: If you’re looking for material published in newspapers or magazines, first try the website of the newspaper or search for their digital archive. If you can’t find it online, try your local public library; they often have access to hard-copy archives or can advise you where to find them.

Book publishers:  There are many academic publishers, such as  Ubiquity Press , that produce open access books you can download.

Organisations:  research funders, such as the  Wellcome Trust , make available copies of papers and reports written by their researchers. Other organisations’ websites, such as those from the government or charities, often have copies of project reports or annual reports available.

Public libraries: Finally, don’t forget your local public library. Even if they don't have the exact article or book you’re looking for on the premises, they have trained librarians who can help you find it or suggest alternative routes to get the information you need.

Refining your search.

Even if you use very specific keywords, an online search might return hundreds, if not thousands of results. How can you cut hundreds of results down to a sensible level?

Focusing and refining the keywords you use for your search will help you be realistic, making the best possible use of the limited time you have available for the EPQ, and cutting down your results to an amount that you can realistically deal with.

• Thoughts from Michael

Here are Michael’s key tactics for refining your searches:

• Linking several search terms to narrow down your search.
• Starting broad and then refining – he used a personal example where he started by looking for ‘bacteria associated with plants’ and narrowed down to ‘bacteria associated with peas’.
• Keeping track of your topics and sub-topics with a list, spreadsheet or mind map.
• Remembering you don’t have to read every single resource you find.

My colleague Michael, who’s a microbiologist, is particularly interested in looking at life in extreme environments on Earth that might be similar to places such as Mars. 

He had some useful ideas on how to start refining your searches. He suggests linking search terms, so when searching online you can use symbols such as the plus sign and quotation marks that are incredibly helpful. Typing in ‘this’ plus ‘ that’ will return results that have both of those elements. Conversely, typing ‘this’  minus ‘ that’ will mean you only get results that include the phrase ‘this’. You can use quote marks to make phrases stick together, so quote marks "this stuff" and plus quote marks "that thing", will enable you to find papers that refer to both of those topics. 

Michael also suggested it’s good to start broad and then refine searches. For example, for his PhD, he had to write several chapters for his thesis about bacteria that are associated with plants. The first searches were in the obvious place ‘plant-associated bacteria’, which he then refined to think about specific types of plant, such as ‘pea-associated bacteria’ or ‘legume-associated bacteria’. Those initial searches and papers allowed him to identify other useful terms that then meant he could be even more specific with his searches. For example, searching for ‘nitrogen’ plus ‘ plant-associated bacteria’ or ‘legumes’ minus ‘ disease’.

When searching, he also suggested it’s really helpful to keep track of topics and subtopics with a list, spreadsheet or a mind map. Whatever works for you. He found this helped him keep his notes organised and meant he didn’t have to repeat searches, because he had a record of what he had looked for.

But the most important point, he felt, was not to feel overwhelmed when doing a literature review. It’s possible to turn up hundreds of papers on any topic, but you don’t have to read all of them. As a start, he suggested that you look for review papers. These are papers in which the authors have pulled together material from several other sources. They give a really good introduction and overview of a topic, and can give you some clues on where to look next.

Practising searching using Google Scholar.

Google Scholar is a freely-available search engine that only returns links to scholarly literature, so it’s a good place to practise your searching techniques.

Imagine  that you have decided to research this question:

What are the health benefits of people spending time in nature?

What are the keywords you could use in your search? You might think of:

• health               
• nature therapy              
• green health                 
• forest bathing

Experiment with entering the search terms into Google Scholar . For example, type the words ‘ green health ’ into the search box and press enter. 

Using a simple search term like this can generate a long list of articles. In this example (Figure 10) it was somewhere around five million, which is  far too many for you to review meaningfully!

Combining search terms and using punctuation to keep two or more words together can help you focus your search and return fewer results to look through. Try typing “forest bathing” + health + ”open access” into the search bar:

Quote marks (“…”) keep words together. With quote marks (“forest bathing”) the search will return articles about forest bathing. Without them (forest bathing), you’d get articles on woodland and swimming pools (among other things!).

Using the + symbol combines “ forest bathing”  AND  health.  Adding + “ open access ” means you will only see results where you have free access to the full article.

This cuts down the number of results to around 1600 (Figure 12):

You can then click on the search results to access the articles. Clicking the  top link   brings up an article about forest bathing (at time of writing – the top result may well have changed since then).

To refine your search even further, Google Scholar has filters you can use to tweak your search. For example, if you are only interested in very recent material, you could filter so that only material published after 2021 is shown. This is useful if you want to access material published in a particular time range.

Most search engines or search facilities on repositories, collections or websites have an  advanced search  function that allows you to refine your search to cut down the number of results to something more useful. You can search for material published before or since a specific date, include or exclude specific words, or look for articles by a specific author.

To access advanced search on Google Scholar, click on the menu hamburger in the top left.

What is the right number of resources to include in your EPQ research?

It’s difficult to give an exact number of resources you should aim to use in your EPQ research. You could keep going for ever – new articles come from researchers in a constant stream! A rule of thumb is to stop reading when you sense you are no longer finding new ideas.

Credibility.

Even a refined search is likely to throw up lots of material from a range of sources. Wherever your material comes from, you should always scrutinise it carefully. But how do you decide what you can trust (therefore making it useful), and what you can’t?

Assessing a source’s credibility is a good place to start. Making sure you draw your evidence from credible, believable, trustworthy sources is very important for your research.

Quiz: judging credibility.

Comments on credibility of sources.

In order of least to most credible, below we explain why each source is credible or not:

• Tabloid newspaper article:  this kind of reporting puts a priority on the sensational and doesn't always give a full and balanced story.
• Podcast:  podcasts often present the podcaster’s personal opinion, and it’s not always obvious whether that’s based on research.
• Popular science books:  authors usually draw material from a range of sources, and sometimes interview the researchers to get a first-hand view.
• New Scientist article:  this magazine has a good reputation for serious science journalism, and the articles usually have links to the original research so the reader can investigate further for themselves.
• Original research paper:  research papers usually give the reader the evidence that the researchers gathered, so the reader can review it for themselves.

Judging credibility – Thomas’ thoughts.

Thomas, who is a lecturer in space governance, discusses the credibility of materials. As you watch his video, listen out for the ways in which he judges credibility.

‘How do you judge the credibility of a source? That is, what questions do you ask yourself when you read or review a source?’

So this is one of the more important questions for any researcher, particularly one in the humanities such as myself. It’s also one of the hardest, especially when you’re just starting out because the honest answer is: it’s experience. I’ve learned enough about my field that I can differentiate between ‘I don’t agree with this’ and ‘this is nonsense’ but obviously that wasn’t always the case. So in the early days, in high school and undergraduate, there are a few things you can look at to get an understanding of what makes a good source. First port of call is always what your teachers and lecturers recommend, they’ve got that experience that you don’t have, so they’ll be pushing you in the right direction. Pay attention to how those sources are written, that’ll give you clues as to what makes a good source.

But how to find them on your own? Well again, when just starting out, it’s best to be conservative, to err on the side of caution, so there are a few things you can look to. First is publisher. Academic presses (like Oxford University Press) specialise in publishing scholarly work, so that acts as a form of quality filter. Author is another one. Who is this person, why are they qualified to write an article or a book on this topic? There are other indicators you can use. For example: are there footnotes, references, a bibliography? What sort of sources do they use? How up-to-date are they?

Then there’s the work itself. Is it well-structured and thought out? Do they actually make an argument? Do they explain their reasoning to you, or do they just declare things to be true? ("Well of course it’s true, I said it" – it happens more often than you would think it does!)

Finally, you need to read widely and broadly. You need to read authors you agree with, and authors that you disagree with, and then work out what you think. Gradually you’ll be able to work out what constitutes a good source without being dependent upon some of these indicators – which is good, they’re not ironclad rules; some excellent works of history have been written by people without history degrees. And more importantly, you’ll be able to discern the difference between ‘I don’t agree with this’ and ‘this is nonsense’.

Thomas’ main points

Thomas’ main points were:

• Ask people you trust, such as teachers, what they recommend.
• Look at the quality of the writing – good sources are well-written and well-structured, with evidence to back up the arguments they present.
• Go to reputable sources such as academic publishers.
• Look at the writer’s qualifications on the topic.
• Look at the sources the writer has used.
• Read lots for yourself and build your ability to judge gradually.

Judging credibility – Charlotte's thoughts.

Charlotte, who is a researcher in geochemistry, also has some thoughts about how she judges credibility.

• Thoughts from Charlotte

Figure 16 Charlotte, a researcher in geochemistry Show description A photograph of Charlotte

• the data support the conclusion the authors have come to
• the methods are appropriate and up-to-date
• they haven’t cherry-picked the best data and ignored others
• the authors don’t have any financial interest in coming to a particular conclusion.

If it’s an area she’s less familiar with, she starts with newspapers, online news and experts. She looks for:

• links to the original research
• what qualifies the writer to be an expert in that area
• whether other experts agree with the author
• any hint of conspiracy theories
• whether the authors have any financial interest in a particular conclusion.

Another colleague, Charlotte, who’s interested in extremophiles – life that lives in very extreme environments on Earth – said that for her, essentially the rule of thumb that she uses is, one: peer-reviewed research. This is a term that means that the paper, before it’s published, has been looked at by two or three colleagues who are knowledgeable in the area. They offer comments and the original authors are then able to improve what they’ve written.

Peer-reviewed research is typically what’s published in academic journals, and that’s the most credible source. Everything else; social media, newspapers, online news forums, is less credible. Charlotte says that when she is reading or researching in the field that she’s an expert in – geochemistry – she always develops her ideas using peer-reviewed academic articles, asking herself: do their data support their conclusions? Are they using the most appropriate and up-to-date methods?

Are there signs that they’re cherry-picking the best data, or ignoring data that doesn’t quite fit what they want it to be? And, super important: do the researchers have financial interests in the conclusions? You might not necessarily trust someone who was working for a toothpaste firm to give you the absolute disinterested best data on tooth decay.

However, Charlotte said that when she’s reading about a topic that’s outside her field of expertise, perhaps in something in health and medicine, she finds it much harder to read and understand the peer-reviewed literature, as sadly it will often use specialist language or jargon. Therefore, in such situations, she often uses a larger range of sources, which might well include newspapers, online news, and things written by people who have been deemed experts.

In that case, some of the questions she asks herself are things like: does the expert or the news article refer back to the original research?  Is the news article or expert giving an opinion that’s backed up by a range of research? If it’s someone giving their opinion, what qualifies them to give that opinion? Is there anything about conspiracy theories? Those red flags that Thomas talked about. And again, do the authors seem to have a financial interest in the opinion that they’re pulling out? If the sources she looks at refer to specific academic articles, it  makes her think that these sources may be more credible than those that don’t. And if the experts on news articles are spreading an idea that feels like conspiracy, has been widely debunked, or for which there is very limited evidence, then she doesn’t count that as a credible source.

• Similarities and differences
• Similarities
• Differences

What are the similarities and differences between how Charlotte and Thomas judge credibility? Charlotte is a science researcher, whereas Thomas is a law researcher – do you think this affects their processes? 

Thomas and Charlotte both:

look at where the article has come from – a reputable source or one where work is reviewed by experts

consider the writer’s qualifications to be an expert on a subject

review whether other experts or sources agree with the writer

• check that the arguments or conclusions are supported by data.

Charlotte will look for  links to the original research and any  evidence of financial interests.

Thomas will look at the quality of the writing and the structure of the article.

Whether you use PROMPT, RAVEN or another method of assessing credibility, this will help you determine that you have the best sources possible for your project. Then it is time to get started reading for the literature review.

More about the PROMPT checklist

PROMPT stands for:

• P resentation: Is it clearly written, and can you follow it?
• R elevance:   Does it meet your needs?  Tip: for a speedy check, read the first and last sections (often called the Introduction and Conclusion) and decide whether it’s worth reading the rest.
• O bjectivity:   Does the author make their position clear? Are there any ‘hidden’ interests such as advertising or sponsors?
• M ethod:   Is there any information about how the work was done? For example, if the paper is about the results of a survey, do they tell you what the questions were?
• P rovenance:   Where does the article come from – university? Government? News media? Someone’s personal website? How much can you trust the source?
• T imeliness:  W hen was the information produced? Could it be out of date? Have ideas changed? (But remember that old is not necessarily bad; you could use older information to compare with current thinking.)

Try using the PROMPT checklist on the articles you have found.

There is more information about  PROMPT  on the OU’s Library Services website. Click here for a downloadable and printable version.

• Reading critically

A good research review is more than just a list of ‘she says this ... they say that … he says the other’. It’s an opportunity to test and show the strength of different arguments and the contribution they have made to your thinking.

The key is to  critically read   the material you have found.

The aim of critical reading is to assess the strength of the evidence and the argument. It is just as useful to conclude that a study, or an article, presents very strong evidence and a well-reasoned argument as it is to identify the studies or articles that are weak.

As you read, it is useful to keep asking yourself questions such as:

Why am I reading this? –  Because it’s interesting? Useful? Has good information for me?

Do I trust the source? –  What evidence do I have that the source is trustworthy?

What claims are the authors making? –  Have they included their conclusions?

Do I think those claims are trustworthy? –  Have the authors given me the evidence they are basing their claims on so I can judge for myself?

Imagine you were researching the question: ‘what is the influence of advertising on people’s consumption of junk food?’

Remembering that you will find material from a range of sources. Here we’ll use an article from the  Guardian newspaper’s website.

What information in the article do you think would be relevant or useful to help you answer this question? Use the questions in the ‘Reading critically’ tab to help you reflect.

What did you think about as you read the article?

You might have picked up points such as:

• Why am I reading this?
• It is about the effect of advertising on people buying junk food, so it is relevant to the question.
• Do I trust the source?
• It comes from the Guardian , a well-known UK newspaper.
• The writer is named, so you could check on other things they have written – for example, if they specialise in writing articles about food or have a background in food science.
• What claims are the authors making?
• That a ban on junk food advertising has led to a reduction in purchasing of unhealthy food.
• Do I think those claims are trustworthy?
• The article mentions that the research was done by researchers at a university – you could look for them on the university website.
• One of the researchers is named and there is a quote from them.

At this stage, no one expects you to come up with all these possibilities! But keep those critical questions at the front of your mind as you search for and examine the evidence. Remember to ask:

For more ideas on how to judge the credibility of the material you find and think critically about the contents, watch this short video on critical thinking , produced by the BBC and The Open University. It discusses five key strategies you can use to sharpen your critical thinking.

In this article, we have looked at the second part of the research cycle – how to find the evidence that will help you answer your research question, and how you can start to read it critically and analyse its relevance to your question. When you have finished searching, reading and analysing, you are ready to move on to the next step: writing your dissertation.

Other articles in this series...

EPQs: designing your research question

You’ve already decided to do an EPQ, so it might seem a little odd to start this resource by asking you to consider why you want to do a research project. People do an EPQ for all sorts of reasons. Why do you want to do an EPQ?

EPQs: writing up your dissertation

You have collected and analysed your evidence and considered it in relation to your research question. The next step is to communicate all that you have done. Your dissertation is the element of the EPQ that is read and assessed by others who haven’t been involved in your research.

EPQs: why give a presentation?

What are the guidelines for the presentation?

Become an OU student

Ratings & comments, share this free course, copyright information, publication details.

• Originally published: Wednesday, 3 May 2023
• Body text - Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 : The Open University
• Image 'Photo of Julia' - Copyright: AstrobiologyOU
• Image 'Photo of Mars' - Copyright: Image by  WikiImages  from  Pixabay  
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Exemplar Projects - Biology (2021 and after)

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EPQ Ideas For Every Subject

An Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) is a research-based project that allows A-Level students to explore a topic of their choice in depth.

Students can either write a 5,000-word essay on any question or subject or create an artifact or product and write a shorter essay explaining it. 

The EPQ is equivalent to half an A-Level and is a great way to demonstrate your ability to conduct independent research and showcase your interests to universities .

When choosing an EPQ topic, consider the following guidelines:

• Pick a subject you are passionate about: Your interest in the topic will make the research process more enjoyable and engaging 2 .
• Step outside your comfort zone: Choose a topic that allows you to learn something new or gain a new skill while staying true to your interests 3 .
• Think about your career plans: If you have a specific career goal, center your EPQ around that objective to demonstrate your interest in and commitment to the field
• 1 Quick EPQ Ideas
• 2 Science & Technology EPQ Ideas
• 3 Art & Design EPQ Ideas
• 4 History EPQ Ideas
• 5 Philosophy EPQ Ideas
• 6 Psychology EPQ Ideas
• 7 Creative Writing EPQ Ideas
• 8 Planning Your EPQ

Quick EPQ Ideas

Here are some EPQ ideas from various subjects to inspire you:

• Medicine : “Do state owned care homes provide adequate care in comparison to private?
• History: “How did the role of women change during World War II?”
• Sports: “What is the impact of sports psychology on athletes’ performance?”
• Physics: “How do black holes affect the surrounding galaxies?”
• Art: “How has street art evolved over the past century?”

Remember, these ideas are only meant to inspire you. It’s essential to choose a topic that genuinely interests you and aligns with your academic or career goals.

Science & Technology EPQ Ideas

The world of science and technology is a never-ending source of possibility and promise – an ever-expanding window into the future. At its core, it represents our ongoing efforts to unlock greater understanding and unparalleled capabilities through exploration and experimentation.

Nowhere can this be seen more clearly than in robotic surgery and artificial intelligence – two fields that are revolutionizing the way we approach medical care and cognitive computing respectively. Robotic surgeons allow for incredibly precise operations with minimal risks, making them invaluable tools for many types of treatments.

Meanwhile, AI has been used to create powerful systems capable of deep learning algorithms – allowing us to make sophisticated decisions at lightning speed. Both represent incredible opportunities for EPQs, offering students the chance to explore their potential applications as well as their implications on society today.

From exploring ways to improve patient safety with robotic surgery or creating ethical frameworks for emerging technologies like AI – these are just some ideas that could form the basis of an exciting project.

Art & Design EPQ Ideas

When it comes to Art & Design EPQs, the possibilities are endless.

From exploring modern art movements and their impact on society to examining the role of art criticism in our culture today, you can find many intriguing topics for your project.

One interesting topic could be a study into how various modern art styles have influenced popular culture over time. This could include looking at classic pieces from artists such as Picasso or Monet, as well as more contemporary works from figures like Banksy or Koons.

You might also explore how different forms of media have been used to interpret these works and examine what messages they communicate. Additionally, you may investigate how trends in fashion, music, and other areas of pop-culture are inspired by modern artworks.

In your research, you could delve further into the importance of art criticism throughout history and its current relevance within our world today. By studying criticisms made by renowned critics against classic artwork or analyzing reviews written about emerging talent in the industry, you can gain an understanding of why art is so central to our lives now and potentially uncover new insights into its future prospects.

History EPQ Ideas

History is an interesting and complex subject. It teaches us about the past, present, and future of humanity. When it comes to EPQ ideas that relate to history, there are many options available for students who want to explore this field further.

Here are just a few:

• Consider researching topics related to conflictual colonisation in different countries or regions around the world. This could include looking into historical documents from those areas as well as examining how nationalism narratives have been used throughout different eras in history.
• Investigate key figures in history and their impact on society during their lifetimes. For example, study the legacy of influential leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi and more.
• Examine famous battles or wars through primary source material provided by museums or archives – find out what life was like during these times and compare them with our current culture today.

These are all great starting points when it comes to formulating your own EPQ idea based on history! With some research and creativity, you can create a project that will be both educational and enjoyable for yourself as well as other readers interested in learning more about the human experience across time.

Philosophy EPQ Ideas

Existential nihilism is an intriguing and thought-provoking topic for a Philosophy EPQ. It can be used to explore the idea of free will, as well as how life has purpose or meaning.

To investigate this concept in more depth, consider creating a 3 column and 5 row table with various questions that relate to existential nihilism:

In order to create an informative and compelling EPQ on this subject matter, start by researching these topics further; look up definitions and overviews about existential nihilism from reputable sources such as scholarly articles and philosophical texts.

Investigate different arguments and perspectives from interviews and debates.

Find out what impact this has had on human experience through personal stories and biographies. Consider the social effects and outcomes of existential nihilism by looking at historical documents and statistics.

To finish, research any counterarguments related to this topic by finding newspaper articles and opinion pieces where appropriate.

With a comprehensive understanding of all angles of the issue, you can then begin forming your own conclusions regarding existential nihilism – making sure to back them up with evidence throughout!

Psychology EPQ Ideas

Moving on from philosophy, psychology EPQ ideas can provide students with an opportunity to explore the fascinating world of human behaviour.

Positive Psychology is a great place to start for those looking to delve deeper into this field. This area focuses on well-being and flourishing in individuals by exploring their strengths and values.

For instance, a student could consider researching how our thoughts and emotions affect our daily life decisions or investigate the impact of gratitude interventions on mental health.

Animal Behaviour is another interesting avenue for exploration within psychology EPQs. A student may look at why animals adapt certain behaviours based on environmental factors or research which methods are most effective when it comes to training domesticated pets.

Alternatively, one could analyse whether particular animal communication techniques elicit more successful responses than others in different contexts. All these topics open up the potential to make original contributions that challenge existing theories and assumptions about both humans and animals alike.

With some creativity and dedication, there’s no limit to what you can achieve!

Creative Writing EPQ Ideas

Writing creative pieces for an EPQ is a great way to express oneself and explore different worlds.

From crafting characters, writing with suspense, and building unique settings – the possibilities are limitless!

Screenwriting, plot structure, character development, dialogue creation, genre exploration, world building, autobiographical elements; there’s no shortage of topics one can cover in their Creative Writing EPQ.

Creative nonfiction offers another avenue for expression.

It’s not only about creating stories from scratch- it’s also about telling real stories through an imaginative lens.

Capturing the reader’s attention while exploring personal experiences allows students to communicate their own narrative within the bounds of reality.

Storytelling techniques allow writers to craft engaging narratives that captivate audiences by utilizing vivid imagery and evocative language.

An EPQ focused on Creative Writing gives students a platform to push boundaries and create something truly special.

Planning Your EPQ

In conclusion, completing an extended project qualification (EPQ) is a great way for students to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of a variety of topics. With these 1500+ EPQ ideas, you can be sure that there’s something here to help guarantee an A* in your chosen subject area.

Whether it’s science & technology, art & design, history, philosophy or psychology – we have the resources available to make sure you are successful! So don’t wait any longer – start creating your own unique EPQ today and take one step closer towards achieving academic success!

By taking the first steps into researching and planning out your EPQ, you will find yourself developing valuable skills such as independent learning, critical thinking and problem solving which will stand you in good stead both during university studies and beyond.

Embrace this opportunity to express yourself creatively, gain recognition for your work and ultimately reach your full potential.

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Should you do an epq for medicine, the benefits and disadvantages of doing an epq if you want to apply to medicine..

What exactly is an EPQ?

An Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) is an optional independent research project which usually resembles a 5000-word dissertation.

This written dissertation is then followed by a presentation given summarising your project and evaluating it, which is also assessed.

It is essentially equivalent to achieving an AS-Level as it carries the same number of UCAS points.

If you’re in sixth form, or about to start, you may have heard of this term being used to highlight an opportunity offered by your school or college.

Is an EPQ worth doing for medicine?

What can it add to your application? In this article, I will address these questions whilst also sharing my own personal experience of undertaking an EPQ.

What are the benefits of an EPQ for medicine?

• Great research experience and helps build independent study habits.
• Gain transferrable skills and knowledge about your chosen topic such as critical thinking and problem solving. It also shows you have interests outside of you’re A-level curriculum.
• Opportunity to present your EPQ and develop communication skills.
• Something to put on your personal statement and potentially talk about at interviews as an independent study achievement, displaying your motivation & commitment to a project.

What are the negatives of EPQ for medicine?

• Outcome relies on self-motivation.
• All the skills listed above can come from other experiences, they are not exclusive and limited to conducting an EPQ.
• The medical admission boards do not look directly at UCAS points and AS-Level qualifications such as an EPQ when looking at applications. It will be weighted differently by each medical school as it is not an essential part of the medical application and is not offered by every school.
• Often time constraining when completing alongside A-levels and other medical application exams and interviews.
• It is not definite that your EPQ will be a topic of discussion in your interview.
• It can take approximately 120hrs of self-study time and requires support from your teacher.

Does EPQ lower entry requirements for medicine?

Many students may be under the misconception that an EPQ can lower entry requirements and substitute for lower A-level grades. While this is incredibly specific to each university application system, it is usually (unfortunately) not the case.

As mentioned previously, EPQs carry UCAS points however the medical admission boards do not look directly at UCAS points and AS-Level qualifications such as an EPQ when looking at applications. An EPQ will therefore be weighted differently by each medical school as it is not an essential part of the medical application and is not offered by every school!

What should you write your EPQ on?

Tips for choosing a topic/title.

Don’t make it overly scientific – this will make it incredibly difficult to research as there will be complicated theories and topics which you will have to decipher. With an EPQ, you do have to show insight and explore your topic in depth- so make sure it is understandable to you!

While it can be tempting to select a highly innovative topic, you will find there is less objective research out there. This will make it comparatively more difficult to find appropriate sources and guidance. It is therefore more advisable to undertake a topic which has a substantial volume and quality of research behind it.

As a medical applicant, it may be a suggestion to choose an ethical question or opinion based title relating to healthcare.

My EPQ Experience

I undertook an EPQ with the assumption that it would increase my chances of being a successful applicant (which many students initially believe) given the competitive nature of applying to medicine. While I understood that the extra UCAS points weren’t directly advantageous to my application, I felt that conducting an independent research project would teach me transferrable skills to discuss in both my personal statement and interviews. There was a lot of conflicting advice about whether or not to do and EPQ as a medical applicant, therefore I decided that it would probably be best to do it just in case! However, I wish I had read a blogpost such as this when I was in sixth form.

What I realised too late was that the EPQ requires significantly more time than stated and expected. The true extent of the EPQ is unclear, and this can feel rather overwhelming if your school doesn’t offer as much support - especially with the additional parts of your medical application that also need to be completed throughout sixth form (such as your interviews and entrance exams). Before undertaking the project, make sure you understand that the idea is to let you explore your topic independently and conduct research in your own time. Although I did find this aspect of the EPQ challenging, I decided to keep going as I was deeply interested in my topic which discussed modern epidemics such as obesity, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. While the prospect of conducting my own research was initially exciting and intellectually stimulating, it was probably not worth all the hours I spent. I feel this time would have been better spent revising for my entrance exams and interviews, focusing on my mental health and trying to survive the challenges of growing up! What I also found frustrating was the fact that every single stage of the project had to be documented and evaluated upon, which made it even more time consuming.

How did it affect my medical application?

My EPQ was mentioned in both my personal statement and UCAS form, however it didn’t come up in a single one of my three interviews (which consisted of both panel and MMI formats). It merely served as something to add to my personal statement rather than a topic of conversation and advantage at the interview stage. Therefore, in hindsight I feel that it did not add much towards my application as I had enough to write and talk about already. As medical applicant, we often undertake a lot of extra-curricular activities which we can use to enhance our personal statements and interview skills, that we often forget that it is less about the quantity of experiences, and more about the quality. If you did an EPQ, but are unable to reflect and draw the skills you learned, it will be less useful.

Due to the misleading nature of this project and the existing workload and extra-curricular demands of a medical applicant, I strongly advise that you make an informed decision before committing to doing an EPQ, as sixth form can already be challenging enough. It is perhaps more important to focus on achieving your A-level grades than undertaking another optional ‘extra-curricular’ achievement to add to your list at the expense of meeting the required grades. If you have the opportunity to undertake an experience with similar transferrable skills and less demand, I would highly recommend choosing that over an EPQ.

Saying that, everyone is different, and if you are truly believe you will enjoy doing an EPQ and will be able to dedicate the time for it – go for it!

I hope you have found these tips and my experience useful, and some of your questions regarding the EPQ were answered!

Author: Sakina Lakda

Editor: Allegra Wisking

Prepare for Success with the SuperPack

• / 150 EPQ Ideas That Are Easy To Stick To

150 EPQ Ideas That Are Easy To Stick To

Allaa Ashraf

26 January, 2023

10 mins read

Tips and Advice

So, you’re finishing up high school and want to go the extra mile to guarantee your spot at your dream university, studying your dream major, especially if you’re planning on studying in the UK . We can hear you saying through the screen: “Yes, please!”. Our answer is "EPQ."

Let us say this: going the extra mile means extra workload; it’s not easy—but it can be, when you know exactly what you’re doing. EPQs are a way to show you've been doing work, to help your dream university see that you are being productive, and to help you stay motivated. If you have ever wondered how to get started on an Extended Project Qualification (EPQ), this article will help you figure out what to do. So without further ado, let’s dive in and learn 150 ideas that are easy to stick to!

First Things First, What’s an EPQ Project?

The EPQ is an A-level standard standalone certification created to improve and expand your skills beyond the A-level curriculum and prepare you for college or future careers. An EPQ is studied in college or sixth form. They are regarded as one of the greatest ways to get ready for college and a great way to broaden your skill set.

It is equivalent to one-half of an A-level and can be used to supplement other Level 3 qualifications or vocational credentials (28 UCAS points)

Universities and employers recognise it.

For students pursuing an EPQ , many colleges provide lesser A-level offers.

So, How Does this Thing, EPQ, Actually Work?

Students can take charge of their own projects with the EPQ. They get to organise and conduct research on a subject of their choosing that isn't covered by their other qualifications. They may get inspiration from a topic discussed in class or from something private and unconnected to their academic work. After that, they put their study to use to produce a paper in writing or, in the case of practical projects, an artefact or a production.

Why Should You Do an EPQ Project?

Even though students are not required to complete EPQs, you might still want to think about doing one. It is a fantastic chance for you to show prospective colleges your personality and originality. Your EPQ will show admissions officers how diligent and good a researcher you are. Depending on the kind of EPQ concepts you select, it may even show how knowledgeable you are about the program you've applied for, which can strengthen your application.

By being accountable for the selection, design, and decision-making processes for a single project (or for a single role in a collaborative project), students:

Develop and apply decision-making and problem-solving skills

Improve their planning, research, analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and presenting skills Learn to apply technology with confidence

Become more critical, reflective, and independent learners

Other advantages for students and schools of completing an EPQ include:

Improved A Level achievement for students studying EPQ

Improving student motivation by allowing them to study issues of personal interest 

Allowing students to use their new abilities to other areas of study 

Enhancing student recruitment by making your curriculum more desirable

How to Choose an EPQ Topic?

1. make it relevant.

A solid EPQ research project will be relevant to the current world situation. However, this does not restrict you from basing your idea on historical occurrences. On the other hand, using historical references to support your concept is a terrific idea. However, the trick is to relate it to concerns with current significance.

2. Narrow It Down

When picking an EPQ idea, there is a fine balance between breadth and depth. On the one hand, you want to choose a broad topic to allow for a lot of discussions. Go too broad, however, and you'll have too much to say in too few words, which will result in a superficial assessment. We advise choosing a specific topic that you can approach from various angles.

3. Adopt An Interdisciplinary Approach

An important component of the EPQ is seeing how themes cross over into other disciplines rather than merely concentrating on one tiny element. Always choose an EPQ topic that incorporates multidisciplinary studies. There are always connections between different topics; you simply need to look for them.

4. Step Outside Your Comfort Zone

Generally speaking, a good EPQ is one where you learn something new or gain a new skill, yet also stay true to your interests (we’ll get to that part next). The only way to achieve this is to venture outside of your comfort zone and pursue interests somewhat outside your field of expertise. 

5. Consider Your Own Interests

Make sure you choose an EPQ essay topic that truly interests you because you'll spend a lot of time researching and writing it. If you are genuinely engaged in the subject matter of your research, it will go much more smoothly. 

6. Start With a Question

After deciding on a broad subject, it's time to get more specific. Making your EPQ thoughts more specific will help you write a detailed paper because it can be challenging to write on a topic that is too broad. It will be easier for you to focus your study once you have identified the question you wish to address.

7. Make It Interesting

Make your EPQ engaging, no matter which concept you choose! A boring assignment will be difficult to write as well as difficult to read, and you ultimately want to keep your reader interested and involved. Ensure you've considered enough techniques to keep your reader interested and engaged while reading your paper.

8. Make Sure You Have Enough Content

You already have a lot on your plate, and writing 5000 words is not an easy feat with the A-levels rapidly approaching. Do a quick Google search before choosing a topic to determine if there is enough information available on it. Finding reliable sources to use may be challenging if your topic is too specialised. Try out a few various EPQ concepts before choosing the one that will make your research easier.

9. Think of Your Career Plans

Your EPQ could be a fantastic opportunity to demonstrate to prospective universities that you have what it takes to succeed in their programme. If you have one, it could be a good idea to centre your EPQ ideas around your career objective to demonstrate your interest in and commitment to the field.

What Are Some Top EPQ Ideas?

Epq ideas for medicine.

• Do care homes provide adequate care to dementia patients?
• The ethical issues surrounding stem cell research
• How much should doctors and nurses be paid?  
• Should parents be allowed to genetically alter their child’s gender?
• Should counsellors have a qualification in psychology before being allowed to practice?
• What are the similarities between Reactive Attachment Disorder and Autism?

EPQ Ideas for Psychology

• Is it ethical to use psychological ‘tricks’ to benefit the economy?
• What goes on inside the brain of someone who is prejudiced?
• Can non-violent psychopaths have successful relationships?
• Is technology making us more depressed?
• Do gender-neutral toys lead to children with less stereotypical views of gender roles?
• How someone’s brain changes when they are in love

EPQ Ideas for Law

• Should men who have female companions sue them for having an abortion?
• Could the government be required by law to compensate women for the unpaid work they do that helps the economy?
• Is claiming insanity a loophole for criminals?
• When it comes to violations of human rights, when should one nation legally step in to another?
• What is the role of mass media during a high-profile investigation?  
• How can the government undo previous wrongful convictions?

EPQ Ideas for Biology

• Are animals as intelligent as humans?
• What are mutants, and how do diseases develop variants?
• Why do antidepressants have so many side effects on the user of said antidepressant?
• If your spouse died, what would the ethical implications be of cloning them?
• To what extent can gene technology aid the treatment of leukaemia?
• Could brain transplants ever be a viable option?

EPQ Ideas for History

• Is it right to topple the statues of slave owners, in order to erase history?
• What is the role of art in the telling of History?
• Relationship between mythology, culture, and civilization.
• Should museums return all their historical artefacts to their country of origin?
• How did secret churches operate in Mao’s China?
• What’s the basis of History to modern civilization?

EPQ Ideas for Economics

• Can money buy you happiness?
• Does a lack of wealth in childhood really hold you back in life?
• Should billionaires be allowed to exist?
• What are the chances of another global recession?
• Is the gig economy leading to job insecurity a myth?
• How has Brexit affected the UK economy?

EPQ Ideas for Business Studies

• Will Google kill the journalism industry?
• Should a business ever own a town or city?
• To what extent does colour affect audience response to branding and logos?
• The psychology behind advertising.
• How are successful start-ups formed?
• A study of businesswomen in the 18th Century

EPQ Ideas for English Literature

• Is it possible for a novel or piece of writing to be timeless?
• What does it take to become an author?
• Is writing an act of magic?
• Is English Literature considered a ‘feminine’ subject?
• What impact did literature have during WW2?
• Are books becoming obsolete?

EPQ Ideas for Art

• Who decides the value of art, and should we standardise it?
• Can anything be art?
• Can art reverse the effects of mental illness?
• Are art and beauty essentially related?
• If nobody ever saw your artwork, would it be worth creating?
• Is art a language?
• Van Gogh’s life as an artist.
• How do artists make their art memorable?
• How has Andy Warhol influenced modern art?
• How is art used as a symbol of hope?
• The world of abstract art.
• Why did the most famous artists not become famous until after their deaths?
• How art has been used to address social issues.
• What can ancient art tell us about our history?

EPQ Ideas for Foreign Languages

• Where did language come from?
• Do idioms prove that languages can never truly be translated?
• Is body language universal across all countries?
• Why is English such a dominant language across the world?
• Is learning a language cultural appropriation?
• What does baby-talk in different foreign countries teach us about the acquisition of language?

EPQ Ideas for Sport

• How sports stars experience an identity crisis after they retire?
• Why do we fail to take women’s sports seriously as a society?
• What is the link between stress in sports and mental health in today’s athletes?
• Should referees be replaced by AI-powered robots, to decrease bias?
• How much does a person's capacity to excel in a sport come from their genes?
• Who decides when something is a sport?

EPQ Ideas for Architecture

• How does the design of a building influence its inhabitants emotions?
• What is the link between mathematics and art in Architecture?
• How does technology affect architecture?
• What is the likelihood of a successful adaptation of smart space-efficient buildings in the Western world?
• Large family buildings: privacy and its resultant effect.
• Minimalism and its place in modern-day architecture.

EPQ Ideas for Maths

• Has maths always been around?
• Can we calculate and quantify infinity?
• Do maths help students learn other subjects?
• Can maths explain how the universe came into existence?
• Is maths a pointless subject if we don’t apply it to something?
• What are the links between mathematics and art?

EPQ Ideas for Physics

• How does String Theory explain the universe?
• How can physics help us prevent climate change?
• What are the relationships between maths and physics?
• What would happen to the solar system when the sun dies?
• Now that NASA has confirmed there is water on the moon, could it be a feasible tourist destination?
• Given their devastating effects, should we eliminate nuclear weapons from the earth?

EPQ Ideas for Chemistry

• An assessment of the safety of fluoride in water.
• Why doesn’t plastic decompose?
• What are the chemicals involved in human attraction?
• How does cortisol affect the human body?
• What are the advantages of computer-aided fragment-based drug design?
• How can click chemistry be used to improve drug synthesis?

EPQ Ideas for Engineering

• Should we teach Engineering in primary school?
• Why is there a gender imbalance in Engineering, and how can we fix it?
• What would it mean for an engineer to be ethical when building something?
• How has Civil Engineering changed over time?
• How can chemical engineers improve energy efficiency?
• Will we have enough oil for future generations?

EPQ Ideas for Computer Science

• Why we should teach children how to code at the same time we teach them to write.
• Create a website design and code it.
• Is Computer Science a more relevant subject than Physics?
• Will we ever be able to search Google through a microchip in our brains?
• Should we allow AI-writing assistants like Grammarly to change the way we express ourselves?
• What are the positive effects of machine learning on healthcare?

EPQ Ideas for Ethics

• Should people be able to sue their parents for bringing them into the world?
• Do men automatically have the right to be present at their child’s birth?
• Should we be allowed to dispose of spare embryos in IVF?
• Should parents be allowed to edit out genetic conditions before a child’s birth?
• Should testing fetuses for Down’s Syndrome be legal?
• Are our moral decisions innate or socially conditioned?

EPQ Ideas for Politics

• Why has the USA never had a female president?
• If we colonised Mars, who would govern it?
• Should there be universal freedom of information?
• How are female politicians and prime ministers perceived?
• How has Twitter revolutionised politics?
• An assessment of the case for anarchy.

EPQ Ideas for Sociology

• How can we reverse stereotypes over drug use and misuse in different communities?
• What is the impact of the media on our perception of women from Muslim communities?
• How do gender, class, race, and sexuality affect us and our social relations today?
• Do emotions come from society, or from within us?
• How do different models of socialisation affect children?
• How racial segregation in cities enforces poverty, and prevents upward mobility.

EPQ Ideas for Geography

• Is there such a thing as collective trauma after a natural disaster?
• Does the earth belong more to humans than animals?
• To what extent should be deforestation allowed?
• How does tourism affect a country’s culture?
• Should all new houses be built with solar panels?
• How does living as an illegal immigrant affect mental and physical health ?

EPQ Ideas for Religious Studies

• Why materialism can’t disprove the existence of God.
• Why science and religion are part of the same entity.
• How did the history of the church shape our society today?
• Can you ever justify taking a life?
• Should politicians interfere in religious conflicts?
• How do you explain the goodness of God in the light of the world’s evil?

EPQ Ideas for Philosophy

• How are films of the west and the east affected by the dominant religions of their population?
• Is Plato's cave still an accurate metaphor that we should teach film students ?
• Do Abrahamic religions inherently propagate sexism?
• Can we call philosophers artists?
• Does the world exist outside the self?
• How does religious ideology negatively affect policies?
• How does technology affect our definition of “real”?
• Is the trolly problem still an effective way to test AI?
• Should we create a new government body to oversee the development and ethics of new AI technologies?

And there you have it! That was practically your most comprehensive guide to EPQs! So, which one is it going to be for you?

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How Doing An EPQ Can Boost Your Medicine Application

Find out how doing an EPQ can help you demonstrate that you've got what it takes to be a Med student.

If you’re looking for ways to make your Medicine application stand out, one option is to complete an Extended Project Qualification (EPQ). Although EPQ UCAS points may not make a big difference to your application, it’s a valuable experience which you can discuss in your Personal Statement and at interviews . Here are some of the important skills and qualities that an EPQ can help you demonstrate in your application to Med School.

Dedication to Medicine

An EPQ involves doing research around a topic of your choice, writing an essay about your findings and delivering a presentation. When you’re thinking about EPQ ideas as an aspiring medic, it makes sense that you may want to choose a topic linked to Medicine.

To decide on your topic, you could consider some NHS hot topics , science hot topics , or topics in medical ethics that you would be interested in exploring further. Try not to choose something too scientific or too niche, because you risk making the project more difficult and less enjoyable than it should be! Completing a Medicine EPQ will demonstrate that you have a genuine interest in Medicine and are committed to pursuing it at university and as a career.

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Well-roundedness

Of course, it isn’t essential to focus on just Medicine EPQ ideas! You’re welcome to choose a completely different research topic for your project, as long as you can justify it, and it could be just as beneficial to your application. After all, Med Schools are looking for students who are well-rounded individuals and have other interests outside of Medicine too.

Self-motivation

At university, Med students are expected to do a lot of independent work to keep on top of their studies. For some people, this is a big leap from A-Levels and it can be hard to adapt at first. If you’ve completed an EPQ, this shows that you are a keen, self-motivated student with experience of independent study. In some ways, doing an EPQ gives you a taste of the responsibility that you’ll have to take on at university.

Writing and research skills

You’ll be expected to write plenty of essays at Med School – and an EPQ will help you to develop and demonstrate your writing skills. This could be particularly useful if you’re doing mostly science A-Levels, where essays are less common than in arts and humanities subjects. Another way you could hone and show off your essay writing skills is to enter school essay competitions for aspiring medics . Doing an EPQ will also enable you to develop your research skills, which are vital for studying Medicine.

Time management

Good time management skills are essential for surviving Med School , because you’ll need to keep up with your studies while maintaining a healthy work-life balance to avoid burnout. Achieving an EPQ alongside your A-Levels is a solid demonstration of your time management skills, showing that you might be more equipped to deal with the demands of Med School than the average A-Level student. Before you decide to start an EPQ, it’s important to think about the time it will take and assess whether this is do-able for you.

Communication

Doctors need to have strong communication skills, so you’ll need to be confident and articulate at your Med School interviews . An EPQ culminates in a presentation – and this unique opportunity for public speaking will allow you to improve and demonstrate your communication skills. The presentation is typically delivered to a non-expert audience, so this will also prepare you for the experience of interacting with patients and explaining concepts in easy-to-understand terms.

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Scientists study lipids cell by cell, making new cancer research possible

by University of Surrey

Imagine being able to look inside a single cancer cell and see how it communicates with its neighbors. Scientists are celebrating a new technique that lets them study the fatty contents of cancer cells, one by one.

A study led by the University of Surrey has sampled single live cancer cells and measured the fatty lipid compounds inside them. Working with partners at GSK and UCL, and developing new equipment with Yokogawa, the team saw how those cells transformed in response to changes in their environment.

The work appears in Analytical Chemistry .

Dr. Johanna Von Gerichten, from Surrey's School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, noted, "The trouble with cancer cells is that no two are alike. That makes it harder to design good treatment, because some cells will always resist treatment more than others. Yet it has always proven tricky to study live cells after they have been removed from their natural environment, in enough detail to truly understand their makeup. That is why it is so exciting to be able to sample live cells under a microscope and study their fatty contents one by one."

Individual pancreatic cancer cells were lifted from a glass culture dish using Yokogawa's Single Cellome System SS2000. This extracts single live cells using tiny tubes 10 µm across—about half the diameter of the thinnest human hair.

By staining the cells with fluorescent dye , the researchers could monitor lipid droplets (stores of fatty molecules inside cells, thought to play an important role in cancer) throughout the experiment.

Then, working with partners at Sciex, researchers developed a new method using a mass spectrometer to fragment the lipids in the cells. This told them about their composition.

The researchers demonstrated that different cells had very different lipid profiles. They also saw how lipids in the cells changed in response to what was going on around them.

"We are really excited to work with scientists from all over the UK to apply this to other types of cells, to better understand infection, immunity and other phenomena as part of our new national facility for single and sub-cellular "omics," SEISMIC," Professor Melanie Bailey said.

"We are also part of an International Atomic Energy Agency program, which is exploring the effects of irradiation on cells. We will be working with researchers from all over the world to understand why some cancer cells resist radiation treatment."

Dr. Carla Newman, Associate Director, Cellular Imaging and Dynamics at GSK, observed, "Our new method paves the way for studying cancer cells in detail we've never seen before. One day, we might be able to see how individual cancer cells communicate with their neighbors. That could unlock new, more targeted treatments. It's great to see universities and industry come together to produce such ground-breaking research."

Journal information: Analytical Chemistry

Provided by University of Surrey

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IU researchers receive $4.8 million grant to study the role of misfolded protein TDP-43 in neurodegenerative diseases

IU School of Medicine Apr 23, 2024

INDIANAPOLIS—A new $4.8 million grant will support researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine and the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology to study how human neurodegenerative diseases are affected by the misfolding of the protein TDP-43. Misfolding occurs when a protein adopts a conformation which differs from the native one.

The researchers, funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, have developed an innovative approach to deciphering the role of TDP-43 misfolding in the pathology of frontotemporal dementias, limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy and Alzheimer’s disease. 

“The presence of misfolded proteins in the central nervous system is the hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases,” said Kathy Newell, MD , Jay C. and Lucile L. Kahn Professor of Alzheimer's Disease Research and Education at IU School of Medicine and a principal investigator of the project. “The argument for the pathogenic significance of various misfolded proteins results from the fact that mutations in the various genes encoding those proteins cause distinct genetically determined neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, misfolding of those proteins also occurs in sporadic neurodegenerative diseases.”

An international, multidisciplinary team has been assembled with expertise in neuropathology, digital pathology, molecular genetics, biochemistry, protein misfolding, proteomics, structural biology and cryogenic electron microscopy. The team is supported by experts in clinical neurology, protein misfolding and biostatistics, as well as by the Dementia Laboratory’s Brain Library. 

“The protein TDP-43 is central to the pathogenesis of half of all frontotemporal lobar degeneration cases. Finding out how TDP-43, when misfolded, gives rise to multiple proteinopathies is extremely important for the design of diagnostic and therapeutic compounds that will target pathologic TDP-43,” Newell said.

The project is called “Investigating the role of TDP-43 mislocalization, structure, and post-translational modifications in the neuropathologically heterogeneous TDP-43 proteinopathies.”

In addition to Newell, the other principal investigators are Laura Cracco, PhD, MS , assistant research professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at IU School of Medicine and Benjamin Ryskeldi-Falcon, PhD , group leader at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the United Kingdom. This project is the first National Institutes of Health funded research for all three investigators as principal investigators.

About IU School of Medicine

The IU School of Medicine  is the largest medical school in the U.S. and is annually ranked among the top medical schools in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. The school offers high-quality medical education, access to leading medical research and rich campus life in nine Indiana cities, including rural and urban locations consistently recognized for livability. According to the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research, the IU School of Medicine ranks No. 13 in 2023 National Institutes of Health funding among all public medical schools in the country.

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Brain organoids and assembloids are new models for elucidating, treating neurodevelopmental disorders

Stanford Medicine research on Timothy syndrome — which predisposes newborns to autism and epilepsy — may extend well beyond the rare genetic disorder to schizophrenia and other conditions.

April 24, 2024 - By Bruce Goldman, Erin Digitale

In this 2019 photo, Timothy syndrome patient Holden Hulet, left, rides in a side-by-side ATV driven by his dad, Kelby Hulet, at sand dunes near their home in southern Utah.  Courtesy of the Hulet family

For a long time, no one understood that Holden Hulet was having seizures.

“He would just say ‘I feel tingly, and my vision kind of goes blurry,’” said Holden’s mom, JJ Hulet. “But he couldn’t communicate exactly what was going on.”

JJ and Kelby Hulet could see their son was having short spells of incoherent speech, rapid back-and-forth eye movements and odd physical changes. “He’d kind of go — I don’t want to say ‘limp’ because he would stand just fine — but his body would just be in zombie mode,” JJ said. The episodes lasted less than a minute.

The parents were puzzled and worried, as they had been many times since Holden was born in 2008 and they learned that their newborn had an extremely rare genetic disease. “I was thinking it was his heart,” Kelby Hulet, Holden’s dad, said.

Holden’s condition, Timothy syndrome, causes long, irregular gaps in heart rhythm. He spent his first six months hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit in his family’s home state of Utah while he grew big enough to receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The device sends an electrical signal to restart his heart when it pauses for too long.

As a small child, Holden would sometimes pass out before the defibrillator shocked his heart back into action. When Holden started telling his parents about the blurry-vision episodes at age 6, Kelby initially believed it was a new version of the same problem, and he kept a time stamp on his phone for each episode. But the records from Holden’s defibrillator showed that these times did not line up with any heart-rhythm problems.

The family’s pediatrician was confused, too. Perhaps Holden was having periods of low blood sugar, another possible Timothy syndrome complication, he suggested. Initial testing at the local medical center did not turn up clear answers.

But Kelby, who was training to become an operating room nurse, realized Holden’s episodes reminded him of what he was learning about warning signs for stroke. JJ called Holden’s cardiologist in Utah and asked for a detailed neurologic evaluation, which enabled the mysterious episodes to be diagnosed as seizures. Holden began taking anti-seizure medication, which helped, to his parents’ great relief.

Researching a rare disease

A few months after Holden was born, Sergiu Pasca , MD, arrived at Stanford Medicine to pursue a postdoctoral fellowship in the lab of Ricardo Dolmetsch, PhD, then an assistant professor of neurobiology, who was redirecting his research to autism spectrum disorder. At the time, Pasca did not know the Hulet family. But his work soon became focused on the disorder that has shaped Holden’s life.

Caused by a defective gene on the 12th chromosome, Timothy syndrome is vanishingly rare, with no more than 70 diagnosed cases. Children with this disorder rarely survive to late adolescence. It is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for a type of calcium channel — a protein containing a pore that selectively opens or closes, respectively permitting or blocking the flow of calcium across cells’ membranes. While a prominent feature — severe heart malfunction — can be tackled with a pacemaker, most children with Timothy syndrome will end up with lifelong brain disorders including autism, epilepsy and schizophrenia.

By mid-2009, Pasca had succeeded in generating nerve cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (which can be induced to form virtually any of the body’s numerous cell types). These included cells derived from the skin of two patients with Timothy syndrome. Later that year he observed defects in how the patient-derived neurons were handling calcium. This advance — the creation of one of the initial in-a-dish models of brain disease, built from neurons with defects that precisely mirrored those of a patient’s brain — was published in Nature Medicine in 2011.

Pasca and colleagues continued to monitor these Timothy-syndrome neurons in standard two-dimensional culture — growing as single layers in petri dishes — over the next few years. While this two-dimensional culture method was limited in its ability to sustain viable neurons, it was soon superseded by a genuine scientific breakthrough.

Pioneering the first assembloids

The constraints of two-dimensional culture, including the inability to keep these neurons for long periods of time so that they could reach key stages of neural development, prompted Pasca in 2011 to start developing an unprecedented three-dimensional method. The novel technology produced what came to be known as brain organoids. These constructs recapitulated some of the architecture and physiology of the human cerebral cortex. The organoids can survive for several years in culture, enabling neuroscientists to view, non-invasively, the developing human brain up close and in real time. The scientists wrote a seminal Nature Methods paper , published in 2015, that described their discovery.

Pasca’s group subsequently showed that culturing brain organoids in different ways could generate organoids representing different brain regions (in this case, the cerebral cortex and a fetal structure called the subpallium). In a breakthrough set of experiments, Pasca’s team found ways to bring these organoids into contact so that they fuse and forge complex neuronal connections mimicking those that arise during natural fetal and neonatal development. Pasca named such constructs assembloids.

In their paper on the research, which was published in Nature in 2017, Pasca’s team showed that after fusion, a class of inhibitory neurons originating in the subpallium migrates to the cortex, proceeding in discrete, stuttering jumps. (See animation .) These migrating neurons, called interneurons, upon reaching their destinations — excitatory neurons of the cortex — form complex circuits with those cortical neurons.

But in assembloids derived from Timothy syndrome patients, the motion of interneurons as they migrate from the subpallium is impaired — they jump forward more often, but each jump is considerably shorter, so they fail to integrate into the appropriate circuitry in the cortex. This wreaks havoc with signaling in cortical circuits. Pasca’s team tied this aberrant neuronal behavior on the part of Timothy syndrome neurons to the key molecular consequence of the genetic defect responsible for the condition: namely, malfunction of the critical channels through which calcium must pass to cross neurons’ outer membranes.

A family’s struggles

While Pasca was developing assembloids, the Hulet family was progressing through their own journey of discovery with Holden. They faced painful uncertainty at every stage, starting when Holden was discharged from the NICU in the summer of 2009, after several months of hospitalization and multiple heart surgeries.

“Even when we brought him home, [his doctors] said ‘Don’t get your hopes up. We don’t usually see them make it past age 2,” JJ recalled. Many children with Timothy syndrome die from cardiac failure in early life.

“It’s really hard to be positive in that kind of situation, and for a long time I did let it get to me,” JJ said. “I finally got to a point where I said, ‘I have to live my life and we just keep fighting.’”

JJ runs a child care center and has years of experience working with special-needs kids, which motivated her to push for an autism evaluation when she saw signs of autism in Holden. He’s much more verbal than many children with autism, which paradoxically made it more difficult to get an official diagnosis.

“That was frustrating,” JJ said. Although the family’s pediatric cardiologist in Salt Lake City was familiar with the vagaries of Timothy syndrome, their local caregivers in the small town where they live in southern Utah were not. “They kept saying ‘Oh, no, it’s just developmental delays because he was so premature,’” she said. She wonders whether it would have been easier to have Holden’s autism diagnosed had more been known about Timothy syndrome at the time.

“I think research is important so that parents and children have the support they need,” she said, noting how lonely and painful it can be to advocate for a child when his condition is poorly understood — and when, as a parent, you may be doubted by medical professionals. “It’s a really hard thing to deal with.”

Her voice breaks briefly. She continues, “I think research brings validity to that.”

Sergiu Pasca

Implanting organoids

In 2022, Pasca published a  study in  Nature describing the transplantation of human cortical organoids into neonatal rats’ brains, which resulted in the integration of human neurons along with supporting brain cells into the brain tissue of rats to form hybridized working circuits. The implanted human organoids survived, thrived and grew. Individual neurons from the human organoids integrated into young rats’ brains were at least six times as big as those — generated the same way, at the same time — that remained in a dish. The transplanted neurons also exhibited much more sophisticated branching patterns. Pasca and his colleagues observed marked differences in the electrical activity of, on one hand, human neurons generated from a Timothy syndrome patient, cultured as organoids and transplanted into one side of a rat’s brain, and, on the other hand, those generated from a healthy individual and transplanted, as an organoid, into the corresponding spot on the other side of the same rat’s brain. The Timothy syndrome neurons were also much smaller and were deficient in sprouting branching, brush-like extensions called dendrites, which act as antennae for input from nearby neurons.

“We’ve learned a lot about Timothy syndrome by studying organoids and assembloids kept in a dish,” Pasca said. “But only with transplantation were we able to convincingly see these neuronal-activity-related differences.”

That same year, the FDA Modernization Act 2.0 was signed into law, exempting certain categories of new drug-development protocols from previously mandated animal testing. The act was predicated on the understanding that recent advancements in science offer increasingly viable alternatives to animal testing, so the findings based on the organoid- and assembloid-culture technologies may be adequate to justify clinical trials in some neurodevelopmental conditions.

Most recently, in a Nature paper published April 24, Pasca and his colleagues demonstrated, in principle, the ability of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to correct the fundamental defects that lead to Timothy syndrome by nudging calcium-channel production toward another form of the gene that does not carry the disease-causing mutation. Using ASOs to guide production of the functional rather than defective form of this channel reversed the defect’s detrimental downstream effects: Interneuronal migration proceeded similarly to that procedure in healthy brains, and the altered electrical properties of the calcium channel reverted to normalcy. This therapeutic correction was demonstrated in a lab dish — and, critically, in rat-transplantation experiments, suggesting that this therapeutic approach can work in a living organism.

Pasca is now actively searching the globe for carriers of the genetic defect, in preparation for the pursuit of a clinical trial at Stanford Medicine to test the safety and therapeutic potential of ASOs in mitigating the pathological features of Timothy syndrome.

“We are also actively engaged in conversations with other scientists, clinicians in the field and ethicists about the best way to move forward and safely bring this therapeutic approach into the clinic,” he said.

Pasca added that the calcium channel that is mutated in Timothy syndrome is, in fact, “the hub” of several neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. So it may be that the lessons learned — and the therapies derived — from his 15-year focus on a rare disease may have broad application in a number of widespread and troubling psychiatric conditions.

‘Amazing’ teenager

Today, in defiance of his doctors’ warning that he might not live past age 2, Holden Hulet is 15 years old and doing well.

“I think a lot of times, autism is perceived as ‘They’re not neurotypical and they’re not capable of certain things.’ But he is brilliant,” JJ said. “He’s amazing with techie stuff or Legos. He’s funny and super honest and very self-aware.”

Kelby often takes Holden to visit the farm where he grew up. Holden loves to ride the farm equipment and enjoys hanging out with the animals, especially the farm dogs and calves. Like a lot of kids, he keeps an eye out for good rocks, Kelby said with a chuckle.

“He’s always either throwing them or collecting them,” JJ said. “That’s something I really like about him: He’s always got a pocket full of something.”

Although navigating a rare disease is one of the most challenging things they have faced, the Hulets see light in their situation, and would offer encouragement to any family facing a new Timothy syndrome diagnosis.

“There is hope,” JJ said. “There are people out there who care, people out there who fight for you who don’t even know you. I think that’s what is so important about research — that you’re fighting a battle for people you don’t even know.”

About Stanford Medicine

Stanford Medicine is an integrated academic health system comprising the Stanford School of Medicine and adult and pediatric health care delivery systems. Together, they harness the full potential of biomedicine through collaborative research, education and clinical care for patients. For more information, please visit med.stanford.edu .

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CDRH Issues 2024 Safety and Innovation Reports

Reports highlight CDRH actions to advance medical device safety and innovation and build on these efforts this year.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 17, 2024

The following is attributed to Jeff Shuren, M.D., J.D., director of the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH)

Today, CDRH is issuing two companion reports that detail the Center's commitment to further advance our core pillars of safety and innovation. The CDRH 2024 Safety Report is an update to our 2018 Medical Device Safety Action Plan and features steps we have taken in recent years to assure the safety of medical devices keeps pace with the evolving technology. The CDRH 2024 Innovation Report highlights our work to advance innovation and the progress we have made to make the U.S. market more attractive to top device developers.

As we have long stated, safety and innovation are not polar opposites, but rather two sides of the same coin. Our focus on safety and innovation stems from our vision to protect and promote the public health by assuring that medical devices on the U.S. market are high-quality, safe and effective, and that patients and providers have timely and continued access to these devices.

Since 2009, CDRH has focused our efforts on advancing the development of safer, more effective medical devices that provide a significant benefit to the public health. As such, we enhanced our clinical trial and premarket review programs, including the 510(k) and De Novo pathways, and created new programs like the Breakthrough Devices Program , the Safety and Performance Based Pathway and the Safer Technologies Program to help reduce barriers for innovators. As a result of these actions and other past and ongoing efforts, the number of innovative medical devices authorized annually in the U.S. has increased five-fold since 2009.

In parallel, we took significant actions to improve device safety and enhanced our ability to identify and address new safety signals. We achieved an ambitious set of goals outlined in our 2018 Medical Device Safety Action Plan to help ensure patient safety throughout the Total Product Life Cycle (TPLC) of a medical device. We made improvements and updates to our medical device reporting programs, including updating the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database, vastly improved our recalls program, and took steps to ensure the timely communication and resolution of new or known safety issues.

And throughout, we partnered with patients and incorporated their voices into our work, including establishing our Patient Science and Engagement Program, because at the end of the day, improving the health and the quality of life of people is at the core of our public health mission.

We are proud of the progress we've made to advance innovation and improve the safety of medical devices, and we continue to build on these efforts, as resources and additional capabilities permit. One of the challenges we face, though, is the sheer volume of products and producers. Today there about 257,000 different types of medical devices on the U.S. market, made by approximately 22,000 manufacturing facilities worldwide, and CDRH authorizes roughly a dozen new or modified devices every business day. Despite that, the number of new or increased known safety issues involve only a small fraction of technologies and many can be addressed without any changes to the device itself. However, the impact to people can be significant, which is why we need to continuously take steps to advance both safety and innovation.

This year, we will take additional actions to help further ensure innovative, high-quality, safe, and effective devices are developed and marketed to U.S. patients. As further detailed in the 2024 Innovation Report, three actions we plan to take this year include: reimagining our premarket review program, expanding our footprint in geographical innovation centers, and launching a new home as a health care hub to extend first-class care into the home. Additionally, as detailed in the 2024 Safety Report, three actions we plan to take this year include: expanding a program to assist companies improve their device quality efforts, strengthening active surveillance, and enhancing the medical device recall process.

Through these new actions and the work detailed in the 2024 Safety and Innovation reports, CDRH remains committed to furthering our mission to protect and promote the public health and ensure our organization is well-positioned to meet the needs of all people and changes in the medical device ecosystem.

Additional Resources:

• 2024 Innovation Report
• 2024 Safety Report
• 2018 Medical Device Safety Action Plan

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Researchers identify novel gene networks associated with aggressive type of breast cancer

by Savannah Williamson, Georgia Institute of Technology

Breast cancer is the second-most common cancer diagnosis for U.S. women, and the second-leading cause of female cancer deaths. In recent years, breast cancer treatments have improved significantly, thanks to targeted gene therapy and immunotherapy. However, for the small group of patients diagnosed with the most aggressive basal-like type of breast cancer, such approaches are less successful.

Recently, scientists in the Georgia Tech Integrated Cancer Research Center (ICRC) have found that this particular breast cancer displays a unique interactive gene network structure. Using a type of mathematics called " graph theory ," which models relationships between a pair of objects, the researchers computationally detected changes in gene-gene interactions as this breast cancer occurs and develops.

"The discovery of novel gene networks associated with basal-like breast cancers has helped us identify potential new gene targets to treat this very aggressive type of breast cancer," said John McDonald, ICRC founding director, professor emeritus in the School of Biological Sciences, and the study's corresponding author. "We would not have discovered these possible treatments through analyses of gene expression alone."

While causing just 10%–20% of breast cancer diagnoses, basal-like breast cancer is much more aggressive than other subtypes—and if not identified early, when it can be treated by surgery and/or radiation therapy , effective anti-cancer drug treatment can be challenging. The basal-like subtype does not respond to traditional hormonal therapies.

One theory as to why, advocated by many cancer researchers, is that individual genes do not function autonomously; as such, changes in how genes interact with one another in cancer may be as important as the cancer-driving genes themselves.

"The components of any complex system, like the human genome , are certainly important," said McDonald. "The way in which these independent components interact with one another is also critical."

For this study, the researchers analyzed three major subtypes of breast cancer, with particular emphasis on the most aggressive basal-like subtype. The researchers found that gene-gene interactive networks are quite different in the aggressive basal-like subtype, compared to the more prevalent luminal A and luminal B subtypes.

Many of the genes comprising these unique networks were found to be involved in functions not previously associated with breast cancer. Stephen Housley, a neurobiology researcher in the School of Biological Sciences and a co-author on the paper, noted that "an unexpected and intriguing result from our study is that neural processes appear to play a prominent role in distinguishing the highly aggressive basal-like tumors from the less aggressive luminal A and luminal B subtypes."

In total, the researchers examined more than 300 million pairs of genes, comparing healthy women to those with breast cancer. Study co-author Zainab Ashard, a computational biologist who recently worked in McDonald's lab, explained, "Differences in the gene network structure between healthy individuals and breast cancer patients allowed us to identify changes in patterns of gene-gene interactions within breast cancer development."

The team's results are detailed in a new paper , "Changes in Gene Network Interactions in Breast Cancer Onset and Development," published in the April 2024 issue of GEN Biotechnology .

Based on the results of this study and their previously published analyses of eight other types of cancer, the researchers believe they have established the usefulness of network analysis in identifying potential new candidates for the diagnosis of and targeted gene therapy treatment for breast and other types of cancers.

In addition to McDonald, Housley, and Ashard, Kara Keun Lee, a former bioinformatics Ph.D. student who worked in McDonald's lab, is also a co-author on the paper.

The results shown here are in whole or in part based on data generated by the TCGA Research Network.

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