science and technology essay outline

413 Science and Technology Essay Topics to Write About [2024]

Would you always go for Bill Nye the Science Guy instead of Power Rangers as a child? Were you ready to spend sleepless nights perfecting your science fair project? Or maybe you dream of a career in science?

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The picture shows the definitions of science and technology.

Then this guide by Custom-Writing.org is perfect for you. Here, you’ll find the following:

lists of excellent science and technology topics;
essay prompts;
scientific essay outline;
bonus tips.
🔝 Top 10 Science & Technology Topics
🔬 Scope of Research
🤖 Modern Technology Topics
🧪 Science Essay Topics
🔭 Space Exploration Topics
💡 Other Topics
📝 Essay Prompt
✍️ Step-by-Step Guide

🔍 References

🔝 top 10 science and technology topics.

ICT use in healthcare
Consent in biobanking
Pros and cons of NFTs
Fintech and healthcare accessibility
Widening of the global digital skills gap
Ways to identify gaps in health research
Changes in Mid-Atlantic regional climate
Transforming public health data systems
Workings of the online extremist ecosystem
Ways of improving statistical computing practices

🔬 Science and Technology: Scope of Research

Now you can start looking for an essay idea in our topics list. But first, have a look at the following fields of research in science and technology that our topics cover:

Modern technology includes the newest advances in engineering, hardware, systems, and organization methods. You can write about robotics, computer science, and more.
Science is knowledge about the universe in the form of testable explanations. In your paper, you can cover different areas of science such as biology, physics, etc. For more ideas, check out our list of topics in science .
Space explorations began in the ancient world and eventually allowed people to build a spaceship, arrange the first space trip, and step on the Moon.
In a technology essay on space exploration , you may write about the most up-to-date technologies in the sphere of space traveling and exploration.
Space exploration essays can also be devoted to the period of the Cold War . One of its aspects was a space race between the United States and the USSR.
Finally, you can assess the importance of various space innovations . Many people tend to condemn spending vast sums of money on space exploration. You may give your viewpoint on this question in an essay. Check out our list of topics in astrophysics for more ideas.

🤖 Modern Technology Essay Topics

Increasingly powerful 3D computer chips
Technology and the rise of the leisure class
Luddism as the most radical opposition to the use of technology
Technological inventions that have a destructive power
How does nuclear technology affect the global economy?
Mobile video communication from any mountaintop
Using technology to reinvent identification documents
The history of the computer viruses and their current examples
Does technology provide for a better life, or is it a bane?
Did people reinvent texting to express the full range of emotions?
How did pop-up advertisements appear and evolve on the Internet?
The technology behind the most famous instances of hacking in history
The future privacy risks in the world fully connected to the Internet
What are the possible future developments in cloud storage ?
Dancing robots : why is it important to teach robots to dance?
Should there be censorship on the Internet?
What self-driving cars can and cannot do at present
Which features can increase the popularity of self-driving cars among people?
19 th -century discoveries versus recent technological developments
The positive and negative impacts of communication technology
The printing press , the telephone, and the Internet: their contribution to global communications
Philosophical debates about the present and future use of nuclear technology
The potential dangers of virtual reality replacing real-life experiences
Transhumanism and techno-progressivism and their positive views of technology
The history, benefits, and drawbacks of cloud technology
Voice-commanded robot wheelchair (that will bring you to any location stored in its memory)
Cameras that can determine your age just by looking at your face: how do they work?
Innovative technologies in Antarctica that are speeding up polar research
Technology and the development of daily living aids for chronic diseases. People who have chronic diseases always need to monitor their well-being. However, science has moved towards developing special devices that help people in their daily lives. For instance, you can write about stairlifts, wheelchairs, or other appliances.
The history and technological evolution of prosthetics. People have been using prosthetic limbs from ancient times. Now, these items are much more functional, and their innovation continues. Wood and metal have been replaced by novel materials such as carbon fiber. Robotics also allows controlling prosthetic limbs better.
Disability technology: how science invented hearing aids , text-to-speech programs, and more. Today, disabled people can get access to aids that enhance their living. For example, hearing aids were developed as far as 1898. But they became small only after World War II. Now they are enhanced by the technology of Bluetooth .
How has the clothing industry evolved with the development of new technology? In the past, all clothes were hand-made. After the sewing machine was introduced, people’s fashion also changed. Now, technology can create items of clothing that a human cannot produce. But many people still seek hand-made items and see the automatization of manufacturing process as a disadvantage.
Gardening for the 21st century: vertical gardening for tiny city spaces. As the world population grows, people have much less room for farming and recreational gardening. New concepts such as vertical gardening are innovative and environmentally conscious. They create small green spaces in urban areas and bring humans back to nature.
Hydroponic systems and other approaches to agriculture without soil. It can be hard to find enough place for soil planting in big crowded cities. Hydroponic gardening is a way to get fresh local vegetables that can be grown indoors. Such approaches, nonetheless, have their advantages and disadvantages.
The importance of sustainable farming for the environment. Food production is a vital part of people’s lives. Science has shown that agriculture contributes to pollution. Now, climate change concerns raise the question—how can humans grow food without damaging the environment? Sustainable principles may be the answer to this question.
Genetically modified foods: history, benefits and drawbacks, and common misconceptions. Many discussions surround the topic of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). GMOs are crops whose DNA was changed artificially. Some people believe that bioengineered fruits and vegetables pose risks to people’s health. Others say that genetic engineering improves harvest and food quality.
Can GMOs solve world hunger? Food shortage is among the biggest problems in the world. Genetic modification may introduce crops that ripen faster, stay fresh longer, and yield a better harvest. However, these GMOs may not grow as well as natural plants. These issues are at the center of the debate around bioengineering.

🧪 Science Topics to Write About

Science Essay Topics for Middle School

How did humans learn to measure speed and velocity?
Everyday life examples of Newton’s 2 nd law of motion
Current differences in various measurements of distance
How and why are miles different from nautical miles?
The concept of time from antiquity to modern clocks
How were measurements of distance developed?
How gravity explains most of the natural phenomena on Earth
The history of Einstein’s theory of gravity and people who opposed it
The history of the 3 different systems of measuring temperature
Which temperature unit is easier to use in daily life: Fahrenheit or Celsius?
How can Newton’s laws of motion be explained by using household objects?
Experimental design : how to improve the results of an experiment
Is safety important in scientific experimentation, or does it get in the way of discovery?
How the Earth was shaped: tectonic plates’ movement. A long time ago, the continents used to be shaped differently. Their shape depended on the direction of tectonic plates. It is believed that they once formed Pangaea—a supercontinent that broke into many pieces and created the modern continents.
Can humans create new continents and change the existing ones? Humans contribute to shaping the planet in many ways. Agriculture and the search for resources change the terrain, while urban development leads to climate change. Also, various islands are constructed by people from natural and artificial materials.
What is the air that we breathe made out of? The air in the Earth’s atmosphere is unique. It allows nature to thrive and live. Air contains more than just various gases. It also holds water and particles that affect pollution, climate, and nature’s health.
The layers of the atmosphere : why mountain air is different. The Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere with layers. Each of them has a different composition and pressure level. That is why people say that the air on the top of a mountain feels different. This variety affects many aspects of the natural world.
How the Earth is shaped today: volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Different natural phenomena contribute to changing the shape of the planet. For example, volcanic eruptions make lava spill onto land and water. Over time, this lava hardens and turns into rock. These events can create whole new landforms or destroy existing ones.
Which animals can live in the outer layers of the atmosphere? Almost all living beings on Earth require oxygen to survive. However, some of them may need less oxygen than others. Interestingly, a small group of creatures needs almost no air. Various microorganisms can even be found as high as the troposphere.
The dangers of oxygen. Everybody knows that oxygen is a source of life on Earth . But it is also a part of many dangerous chemical reactions. For example, breathing in pure oxygen is harmful for the body.
The internal layers of Earth: their chemical composition and state. Earth’s inner structure is as layered as its atmosphere. Each component has unique properties and a different physical state. The movement of one layer can result in volcanic eruptions and earthquakes .
What are the purpose and special status of navigational stars? Celestial navigation means finding one’s location using stars. It is an ancient practice that is still used today. Some stars, however, play a more important role than others. They serve as marks for easy navigation. The most well-known navigational star is the Polaris, but there are many more.
The history of weather forecasting in ancient cultures. Today, people can look at a weather forecast for weeks ahead. In ancient times, different cultures searched for the best ways of predicting the weather . Some interesting sources of information were the stars, the color of the sky, the lunar phases, and animal behavior.

Science Essay Topics for High School Students

Printing food: will you be able to download a pizza?
Why are there so many programming languages ?
Can computers create meaningful and original art?
The place of creative professions in an AI-powered future
Is distance learning effective, or does it hinder studying?
Are there any alternatives to plastic that benefit the environment?
Can everyone stay inside forever with the help of technology?
The common mistakes that AI continues to make to this day
Enhancing the quality of school education with virtual reality
The effect of social media on building relationships and making friends
The research of artificially produced foods and its environmental impact
Which devices do students and teachers need to introduce into the classroom ?
The rise of distance learning : the best methods of studying remotely
Is translation software equally developed for all languages of the world?
How people in small communities can find each other with social media
The impact of unrecyclable materials on oceans. Pollution is on the minds of many scientists today. Ocean animals are often injured or killed by plastic debris. Coral reefs and vegetation also struggle with materials that cannot be recycled. You may suggest ways of cleaning the ocean and making it a better environment for its flora and fauna.
The use of big data in predicting people’s everyday choices. Big data refers to collecting enormous amounts of information. The data is taken from open online sources. It is then analyzed for different industries to use. How can companies use big data to predict what people need?
How does marketing use Internet-of-Things? Marketing specialists are always searching for new technologies to explore. They want to surprise their clients and make them interested in their company’s product. The Internet-of-Things connects devices and saves valuable data. Advertisements may use this interconnectedness to their advantage.
The differences between traditional and digital art . Many of today’s artists are skilled in using software to create art. They use digital painting programs to produce unique works. But how does digital art differ from traditional methods? What negative and positive sides does it have?
Why do search engines show different results for the same search term? When entering a keyword into Google , Bing, or other search engines, one can get an array of different responses. This essay can explore different companies’ strategies to provide the best answers to their users’ queries.
What are the disadvantages of clean energy sources ? With the issue of climate change on the rise, many scientists suggest using eco-friendly energy sources . Such options have many benefits for the world. However, they also pose some risks.
The history of global nuclear energy development. Nuclear energy is a controversial topic among scientists. On the one hand, it is an alternative to fossil fuel use. On the other, the devastating effects of nuclear plant catastrophes expose many risks of this option. This energy source is an excellent topic for an exploratory or argumentative science essay.
Benefits and drawbacks of wind and solar power for everyday use. Comparisons between solar and wind power are at the center of many debates about clean energy. Both options are considered environmentally friendly, but they are very different. A compare-and-contrast essay on this topic is sure to provide many points of discussion.
Is it possible for people to produce more freshwater than there currently is? The freshwater supply is limited, and science searches for new ways to produce it. Some organizations collect rainwater and make it safe for consumption. Others try to invent more effective seawater filters. The goal of this search is to support the growing water demand.
Can science prolong our lives or even let us live forever? Many people think about mortality and try to prolong their lives. Some researchers may believe that there are ways to make people live longer by slowing down aging. A scientific essay can explore people’s search for life extension strategies.

🔭 Space Exploration Essay Topics: Science and Technology

Science and Technology Topics in Space Studies

What is the role of NASA in space research?
How relevant is the problem of space debris?
Describe the dynamics of space flights
What is the role of dogs in space travel ?
History and evolution of space research
What is the purpose of planetary science?
The first man to travel into space
Top 10 interesting facts about space
Explain the concept of wormholes
Ecological problems of space exploration
Exploration and effects of dark matter
Discuss the process of human adaptation to space conditions
What have we learned from space research over the last decade?
How do you understand and define spacetime?
How does the James Webb Space Telescope work?
What are some of the most prominent contributors to space research?
Discuss possibilities of manned trips to other planets
The evidence that proves the existence of black holes
What is significant about the Solar System?
What are gravitational waves , and how can we measure them?
Describe the first 50 years of the space age
Compare and contrast different space exploration techniques
Discuss Space Exploration Day, its origin, and relevance
The effect of space weather on the planet Earth
Current trends and news about space exploration
Who are the most famous American astronauts and researchers?
What are the benefits of space research for society?
The use of standard candles in measuring distance in space
What are the economic benefits of space exploration?
What are the space programs of major countries ?
The history of non-human animals in spacecraft testing. Before the first human was sent into space, many animals were used to test spacecraft. Some of them successfully reached their goals and returned home. Countries such as the US and USSR sent various animals into space, ranging from dogs to chimpanzees.
What is the connection between a planet and its moons ? Many planets, including the Earth, have one or several moons. In total, there are more than 200 moons in the Solar System. These natural satellites orbit their planets and influence their weather. Although Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon , it plays a significant role in its climate.
The biological effects of space travel and its long-term outcomes. Astronauts who spend time in space report changes in their behavior. For example, they get accustomed to the lack of gravity on the spaceship. Their health is also affected—even a short trip leads to “space adaptation syndrome.”
What are the prospects of exploring space beyond the Solar System? Currently, human-led expeditions aim for nearby space segments. However, robotic spacecraft and powerful telescopes help people see beyond the Solar System. Voyagers 1 and 2 are the only NASA’s spacecraft that can cross interstellar limits. They still have enough power to collect more data.
Gravity on Earth and in the Solar System. The role of gravity on Earth is vital for every system and occurrence. A gravitational pull that keeps planets in their orbits, but gravity can do much more—it creates stars, moves matter, and heats planetary cores.
How far have the scientists reached in their exploration of space? People’s view of the universe has expanded dramatically since the first theories about space. Now, it appears endless, and people use the best technology to see its remotest corners. The Solar System is no longer the limit of exploration, and many vital discoveries contributed to this knowledge.
The history of exoplanet research. Extrasolar planets (or exoplanets) move through space outside the Solar System. The first evidence of their existence appeared as early as the 1910s. However, it was confirmed scientifically only in the 1980s. Since then, researchers have discovered more than 4000 exoplanets.
Why is Mars the primary goal of many missions? Mars is the center of space exploration news. Since 1933, NASA has led the Mars Exploration Program (MEP) to investigate the planet’s resources. It also has a solid surface that allows exploration robots to roam Mars in search of life.
The international legacy of space exploration. During the Cold War, space exploration was a part of the US and the USSR competition. Since then, astronauts from many countries have participated in missions. Space programs have a national purpose, but cooperation between countries leads to better results.

Technology Essay Topics about Space Exploration

History of space telescopes
How is a sub-orbital rocket constructed?
Describe any type of modern spacecraft
How does a rocket engine work?
Discuss the relevance of space weapons
How does an artificial satellite work?
The Cassini mission and its legacy
The cultural impact of Curiosity rover
What are safety measures on spacecrafts?
What are the modern targets of space exploration?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of uncrewed spacecraft?
Can space technology help to combat the avian influenza virus?
How long will it take for a spaceship to get to a nearby planet?
Prospects for the development of space technologies
Who are the pioneers of rocket and space technology?
Spacecraft classification according to their missions
What happens at the International Space Station ?
Can space technology solve the energy crisis?
Project Orion: origin, challenges, and its impact
The journeys of NASA’s robotic spacecraft around and beyond Earth’s atmosphere. NASA’s history of space exploration includes many exciting expeditions. Human-led missions were grand and are remembered in history. However, unmanned probes have brought lots of information about space to NASA. They were able to collect samples for investigation and photograph remote planets.
Why is gravity important in space explorations? Everyone knows that astronauts live in space with no gravity . Weightlessness is an issue that affects the human body. Some space objects have gravity, but it is different from Earth’s. Understanding this aspect of space exploration is vital for designing future missions.
Elon Musk’s dream of building a rocket. The whole world follows the news of how scientists at Space X tried to reinvent spacecraft. They failed many times, but only to succeed and partner with NASA. Explore the timeline of their innovations in your essay.
What is the role of experimentation in space travel improvement? Space exploration is a complicated field where a slight miscalculation can lead to dangerous results. Many space ships and probes have failed in decades of testing. That is why experimentation is a core part of exploration. Without failure, success cannot be achieved.
How did the safety of spacecraft evolve over the years? Human spaceflights pose many dangers to the ship’s crew. People cannot survive in outer space, so the spacecraft must be safe from radiation and hostile environments. Moreover, astronauts who go into outer space or step on the surface of other planets have to be equipped to handle the harsh conditions.
The history of communication in space. Communication between astronauts and Earth is crucial for all space missions. It is also a remedy for space travelers’ isolation from their families and loved ones. A special Space Network was developed to connect the researchers on Earth with the astronauts.
The successes and failures of “space gardens.” Aboard the International Space Station , astronauts have entire gardens for various vegetables and flowers. However, the process of finding how to grow these plants was long. Space researchers had to solve problems with gravity, water delivery, fertilizer intake, and much more.
Which technologies allowed people to mimic their daily activities in space? Even in space, people have to eat, sleep, and keep up with their hygiene. However, the lack of gravity turns these simple daily tasks into a challenge. Much of the space-related research was dedicated to creating freeze-dried food, no-rinse shampoo, and other interesting inventions to resolve this issue.
The differences and similarities between types of spacecraft. Robotic spacecraft have unique characteristics that correspond with their missions. For example, flyby spacecraft explores the Solar System without landing. Some probes are designed to land on a planet and send data back to Earth. Others are made to penetrate the surface of a comet to measure its properties.
How did crewless spacecraft evolve? The creation of uncrewed spacecraft has changed with the world’s technological advancement . At first, spacecraft only left the Earth’s atmosphere to observe space. Robots and rovers were eventually designed to land on other planets . These machines need to survive harsh environments to collect data.

Space Race Essay: Scientific Topics

Cold War , space research, and diplomacy
What were the consequences of the space race?
Was the space race a result of the Cold War ?
The failures and successes of the US in the space race
Soviet vs. American rocket development
Compare and contrast Sputnik and Explorer satellites
How were space discoveries affected by the Cold War
Timeline of space investigation during the Cold War
How did the space race affect other spheres of scientific development?
The state of US and USSR’s space programs after the end of the Cold War
Why was the Moon chosen as the destination for both nations during the space race?
The role of US/Soviet spacecraft cooperation in reducing Cold War tensions
Planned trips to other planets of the Solar System during the space race
What are the positive and negative consequences of the space race for the countries?
How did the competition between the US and the USSR start? In the early 20 th century, the tensions between the United States and the USSR were combat-based. However, the arms race after World War II transformed it into a space race. Both nations wanted to be the first in achieving space exploration milestones.
Was the creation of NASA a consequence of the Cold War? NASA was established in 1958. Its earlier projects show that the space race influenced the organization. For instance, the operation Man in Space Soonest (MISS) name reveals the competitive nature of early space exploration.
The influence of the USSR’s space exploration achievements on American politics . The US was the first country to put a man on the Moon. Nevertheless, the USSR made several important discoveries as well. This fact undoubtedly affected American politics during and after the Cold War. It inspired political ideas rooted in scientific superiority and academic achievement.
What did the Apollo missions achieve? The Apollo program lasted from 1968 until 1972, including six successful missions. Some spacecraft were launched to orbit the Moon and photograph its surface. During the Apollo 11 mission, two astronauts landed and walked on the Moon.

The picture shows a fact about the Moon landings.

Did the space race contribute to other tensions between the US and USSR ? The competition surrounding space exploration led to many domestic and foreign political changes. Both countries set ambitious goals and cultivated a sense of pride in their achievements. It may be argued that the space race was a continuation of a long tradition of seeking leadership in technology.
The first woman in space and the history of female astronauts. The story of the first man in space is well-known to most people. However, the USSR also sent the first woman, Valentina Tereshkova, into space in 1963. After that, no flights included women up until the 1980s. Nowadays, female astronauts come from many countries, but men on spacecraft crews still outnumber them.
The role of Germany in the advancement of rocket technology in World War II . The space race usually mentions two key players—the US and the USSR. However, Germany also affected this competition during and after World War II. Missiles created in Nazi Germany showed that sub-orbital spaceflight was possible. Soviet and American rocket engineers used their military knowledge and transferred it into spacecraft design.
The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. In 1972, the US and USSR leaders decided to push for cooperation rather than competition in the space race. As a result, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) began its development. It was the first international mission; in 1975, two spacecraft docked in space to symbolize unity.
How did the first men in space contribute to space exploration? Both the US and the USSR were able to send people to space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin was the first human to fly in Earth’s orbit. In 1969, Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong landed on the Moon. Both events significantly contributed to the countries’ national development and interest in space exploration.

Science and Technology Essay Ideas in Space Innovations

Why should we continue space exploration ?
How much money is spent on space research today?
What are the future perspectives of space investigation?
What are the major challenges in geodesy?
The main types of space telescopes
Is colonization of the Solar System possible?
Should more money be invested in spacecraft innovations?
What space innovations do you think will be invented in the future?
Do you think humanity can survive an asteroid impact?
Compare and contrast the colonization of outer space planets in 2 science fiction novels
What can the previous crashes of spacecraft teach engineers? Many of the space missions failed across the globe. Crewless probes, drones , and spacecraft with a crew can fail at any stage of the flight. However, previous unsuccessful efforts are very useful for scientists.
The potential for recreational space travel. Millions of people dream of going into space, but the astronaut profession is not for everyone. Recreational travel is a chance for tourists to experience space. It is a question of whether it will be possible.
Key participants in space exploration innovations in the 21st century. In the last century, the US and USSR were the key countries in space exploration. Now, many nations contribute to innovations and develop new technologies. For example, the International Space Station (ISS) program includes Japan, Canada, Germany, and other countries.
Elon Musk’s reusable rockets. Currently, most spacecraft cannot be reused for space missions. Many factors lead to aircraft degradation, making it dangerous for second use. One of the goals of Space X, created by Elon Musk , is to develop fully-reusable spacecraft.
The ideas of space colonization in movies: are any of them realistic? Films such as The Martian , Interstellar , and Alien introduce exciting ideas about space travel. Although they are fictional, they may depict certain devices or scenarios that will be real in the future.
What are the reasons behind people’s renewed interest in space travel? The end of the Cold War also marked diminished interest in space exploration. For some years, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, now it appears that the passion for exploration has been sparked again. Many countries are currently working on their own spacecraft, and people see Mars as the new destination to conquer.
Space drones and other crewless spacecraft for interplanetary exploration. Scientists were able to create various spacecraft to go beyond the limits of the Solar System. One of the latest ideas is to make interplanetary drones that will leave the Earth and gather information in a new way.
Does the Moon present any potential for travel and colonization? Historically, the Moon landings are considered to be outstanding achievements. Now, the Moon is again the center of discussions. You can explore interesting concepts for colonizing the Moon.
Technological advancements in creating safe and comfortable spacesuits for different environments. Space travel requires scientists to develop spacesuits that protect people from various harsh environments. For example, landing on Mars would require a suit that withstands great and rapid temperature changes.

💡 Science and Technology Essay Topics: Other Ideas

The new Face ID technology: is it a revolutionary invention?
What will technical schools look like in the future?
Is the human brain more productive than a computer?
The temperature on the surface of exoplanets
Thomas Edison’s contribution to technological advancements
How do sun rays affect people’s health?
Revolutionary technologies and famous inventions from Japan
Technologies that make driving safer
How will people study exact sciences in the future?
New technologies in modern architecture
Stephen Hawking’s black holes hypothesis
Is there a possibility that people’s manual labor might not be necessary for any manufacturing processes in the future?
Do new technologies influence people’s appearance ? How do they do it?
What would today’s world be like without cellphones and computers?
What could Leonardo da Vinci possibly invent in the 21 st century?
Will professions that don’t require the human factor remain in demand in several decades?
What impact do new technologies have on people’s beliefs and personal philosophies ?
New technologies and equipment that helps farmers during the wheat harvest
Will hover drones replace helicopters in the future?
What are the top 5 alternative energy sources?
What technologies should be implemented to stop pollution on Earth?
Social media’s  impact on the populations of different countries
If people colonize Mars , what means of communication between two planets might be fast enough to share information?
How can the problem of lack of Internet connection in some parts of the world be solved?
A scientific approach to the problem of alcoholism
NASA’s space projects that will be realized in the next decade
Spheres in which computer technologies cannot replace human workers
The history of computers: how was the first computer invented?
A scientific approach to global warming: the most efficient methods of the catastrophe prevention
Useful features in the new generation of computers and smartphones
Ernest Rutherford’s scientific career and achievements
The most technologically advanced country in the world
Technologies implemented for cleaning the oceans from garbage
Innovative methods of charging electronic devices
Scientific research in spaceships: are travels at light speed possible?
Modern automobiles and technologies that help drivers control their vehicles
The furthest object that humanity managed to observe with the help of a telescope
Is teleportation possible, or should people stop spending money on its development?
The most ridiculous and useless scientific experiments
The human brain and a  computer : differences and  similarities
Gravity, temperature, and living conditions on the Moon
What can be possibly found at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean? Will humanity ever reach its deepest point?
Technologies used in nursing for delivering appropriate medication to patients in hospital settings
Scientific research on the topic of protecting nature and the environment: ecologic technologies and policies
Does the popular minimalist movement contribute to new technologies in any way?
The tallest plants on Earth and where they grow
Innovative technologies in  producing and reserving electricity  all over the world
New technologies that prevent ships from falling over during storms
Apple’s approach to the safety of their clients’ personal data
How will the Solar System’s planets’ orbits change in the next century?
The universe: how big can it possibly be?
Nanotechnologies used in medicine to heal people with AIDS and cancer
Earth’s collision with an asteroid in approximately 600 years: actual threat or a hoax?
Is it ever going to be possible for humanity to travel outside the limits of our galaxy?
Will humans terraform Mars instead of saving the Earth from an ecological catastrophe?
Use of nanotechnologies in reducing the amount of garbage on the planet
New technologies in sports and how will they influence people’s health
Modern bicycles with reduced risk of accidents on the roads
The safest means of transport in the world
Virtual reality  and its use in art
Can disabled people live a full life with the help of virtual reality?
The best way to travel across the universe and galaxies
Robots and their use in the mining industry
Is there a possibility of human clones’ production?
The most impressive innovations that people expect scientists to develop in the next century
Nanotechnologies in biology: Is it possible that people might install microchips in their heads to record every memory and valuable data?
Is it necessary to support human brain activities with the help of technology?
Social media vs. television: will people stop watching TV altogether?
New technologies in education: what new methods of teaching and studying might be helpful in colleges and universities?
How does the world of electronic devices influence people’s relationships with one another?
A new trend in Japan: marriages with virtual characters
The effectiveness of physical exercises supported by new technologies
How long does it take scientists to develop a vaccine against a virus that emerged unexpectedly?
The diffusion of the Ebola virus and various methods of its prevention in healthy people
Benefits of the 3D printing technology in healthcare
In what ways did computers change people’s lives?
Products that make people’s night rests healthier and their daily activities more productive
The  environmental pollution’s impact on people’s health: toxic gases, dirty water, and GMO foods
New technologies that help pilots control and land the aircrafts
The role of drones in the modern world: how can people use this technology to save finances and prevent traffic jams?
Vehicles of the future: how will people travel in several decades?
What technologies should scientists develop for people to survive on Mars ?
New technologies’ impact on people’s health, lifestyle, and values
The technology of controlling computers and mobile phones using only brain activity
New technologies that balance people’s nervous systems and prevent stresses
Nanotechnologies in ophthalmology: helping children with visual impairments
People’s mental health and how modern devices influence it
New technologies in sustainability: recycling methods
China’s rapid development: technologies that the country uses for its economic system’s growth
Ways of producing oxygen on Mars in the future

Technologies that filter water and make it suitable for consumption
Apps and programs for effective remote work
Oil drilling technologies and their impact on the environment
How will the Internet change in 100 years, and what technology might replace the World Wide Web in the future?
Apps and programs that help students in accomplishing and organizing scientific research
The advantages of using the cloning technologies in household cares
Undesirable outcomes of people’s dependency on their electronic devices: computers, mobile phones, and gaming consoles
New technologies in language learning: innovative methods to expand one’s vocabulary
New technologies used for transplanting vital organs
The role of video games in people’s lives
The possible harm that robots might cause to humanity
Is it possible to travel through time, and what technologies might help develop a time machine ?
How ecological fuel that might replace  natural gas , petrol, and diesel
Perpetual motion machine: attempts of different scientists to create an engine with endless resources of energy
Technologies that Americans use daily
Scientific inventions or decisions that might save the world from an ecological catastrophe
How far can people travel from Earth in outer space ?
Automobiles’ aerodynamic qualities and how they have changed since the 1950s
How do technologies change people’s mentalities and cultures?
What is the purpose of inventing new warfare technologies if some countries have enough power to destroy our planet?
The impact of new technologies on military establishment and relationships among countries
Does the Internet make people more intelligent, or is it the other way round?
Technologies restricted by law in the territory of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Do Internet search engines such as Google , Ask, and Bing make people less attentive to what they learn?
If new software requires more memory space on computers, how many terabytes will an average user need to work online in 20 years?
How can robots help humanity to increase people’s daily productivity?
New Apple devices that can change people’s lives
Alternative ways of finding and sharing necessary information in the future
Will robots coexist with people in 100 years?
Will translation software ever be able to replace professional interpreters?
How can robots and other programmed machines provide medical treatment to hospital patients?
New technologies in the taxi business
Is technological progress a good thing, or should we deliberately slow it down?
What technologies cause harm to the environment, Earth’s population, and the oceans?
Technologies in the tattoo business: the most effective methods of putting colored pigments under the skin
Does the US government use any technologies that allow them to wiretap people’s private calls? Is it ethical?
What technologies should be implemented to create wireless access to the Internet worldwide?
Do values of contemporary people focus on new technologies more than on everything else?
What technologies should be implemented to reduce the possibility of overpopulation on Earth?
Are  electric cars  more cost-effective and productive than vehicles that run on gasoline, diesel, and natural gas?
Do Face ID and Touch ID technologies protect people’s data from hackers?
Can any technology reduce the time required for night rests?
How intelligent are dolphins and whales ?
Newly emerged research areas and branches of science
The role of synthetic biology in medicine
Bionics: the main principles and purposes of the new science
Nutrigenomics: food values and other factors that influence people’s health
The main principles and objectives of the memetics study
Neuroeconomics: the ability of the human brain to make wise decisions
Sonocytology: the study of the sounds and impulses that the human cells make
Technologies that help people socialize and rehabilitate after long-term
How can zero gravity in outer space be used for people’s benefit?
Which countries are known for their achievements in the sphere of chemistry ?
Leading countries in the sphere of technology.
How long will it take Earth to restore all its resources and energy consumed by humanity?
Machine learning in restaurant and hotel businesses: Improved methods of cooperating with clients
The ethics of implanting microchips in animals
AI in online shopping : is it cost-efficient regarding both time and money?
New technologies that reduce various health risks in polluted areas
Innovative methods of completing medical operations are more accurate and reduce the possibilities of unfortunate outcomes
Process automation aimed at cleaning eggs and removing bacteria from the natural products’ surfaces
How can the implantation of microchips in the human brain help paralyzed individuals?
Autopilot installed in heavy trucks
Payment systems that require people’s eye or face scans: is this technology safer than ordinary passwords?
Camera options that allow people to film in the 360-degree mode
Solar batteries and their significance in the modern age
Smart computers that don’t require a person’s intervention to complete tasks or collect information
Robotic chefs: the device’s functions and other options that make cooking easier
The technology of modular phones: why did the idea of creating a phone that consists of multiple blocks fail?
VR technology that might allow people to feel and touch virtual objects
Water recycling technology that filters the water people use for showering
Advanced fishing technologies: sensors, drones, and artificial intelligence
Gyroscope and various devices based on its working principle
New technologies in web design
Newton circle and its spheres of use
Scientific facts that prove the existence of other life forms in the outer space
Active volcanoes that can erupt at any moment: preventative technologies and safety measures
Technologies that make people healthy and fit without effort: are they possible?
Augmented reality use in the cosmetics business
Potential branches of science that might lead to the creation of new occupations in the future
The most valuable resource on Earth and technological methods of its extraction
Internet-of-Things: how is it used in agriculture?
Synthetic foods: do they contain any nutritional components?
What technologies can help people reduce the cost of utilities ?
Entertainment: how will VR technologies influence people’s hobbies in the future?
How long will it take people to travel between Earth and Mars?
The temperature on Mars: is it possible for humans to survive on the Red Planet without additional heating devices?
What will people eat on Mars, and how will they get their food?
Professions that humanity might need on Mars during colonization
Messages sent by society in outer space: will they ever be answered?
If there are other forms of life in different galaxies, how will humans understand and contact them?
Satellites on our planet’s orbit: what do these devices do, and why are they important for people?
Is it possible for a human being to stay in a deep freeze for an extended period?
What do cosmonauts research and observe in the orbit of Earth?
The main problems of modern science: what issues are scientists trying to solve?
How dangerous can new technologies be for our environment?
How do different professions change and improve due to technological development?
Ethical aspects of genetic engineering for humans
Egyptian pyramids : technologies that ancient Egyptians used to build their pharaohs’ graves
Contemporary achievements in genetics
How have helicopters developed since the 1950s?
Controversial issues of stem cell research
German technologies in road building: how is it possible to build a high-quality road for decades?
Wireless technologies that maternity hospitals use
What is antimatter, and how can it be used in the medical field?
How has  technology changed our lives compared to people living a century ago?
The technology you cannot live without
What are  the advantages  and disadvantages of genetic engineering?
Experiments on humans: can they be justified for the sake of science development?
Can alternative energy technologies provide humanity with sustainable energy resources?
What technologies can limit the adverse human impact on the environment ?
Smart devices that can help you reduce your carbon footprint
Is there a connection between human activity and natural disasters ?
Military technology advancement: a way to safety or a global threat?
Robot army: a scene from a movie or our near future?
Science and technology for personal safety
Advances in science and technology for  cybersecurity
Development of technologies for safe online purchases

📝 Science and Technology Essay Prompts

Writing science and technology essays might be a challenging task. Our essay prompts are here to inspire you. Keep reading to make your essay writing even more effortless.

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Science in Everyday Life Essay Prompt

Every day we are surrounded by marvelous inventions that can be described in your paper:

Anything made of plastic. Today numerous industries rely on the production of plastic, from packaging and electronics to aerospace and industrial engineering.
Anything charged with electricity. The work of people like Alessandro Volta or Andre-Marie Ampere lies at the foundation of the electrical industry.
Any food item in front of you. Science has revolutionized our approach to food cultivation and raised agricultural productivity to a new level.
Any modern medicine. At the end of the 18th century, scientist Edward Jenner established that vaccination works. And in the 19th century, the germ theory of disease emerged, which saved millions of lives over two hundred years.

Technology in the Future Essay Prompt

If you choose to write a paper about technology in the future, you can consider describing the following technologies:

Vision-improving technology . Artificial cornea or iris can provide vision to people with impairments.
Small living robots . These robots can deliver medicine to different body parts or collect microplastic from the oceans.
Internet everywhere . Companies such as Google or Facebook use helium balloons, drones, microsatellites, and other technology to provide the Internet to inaccessible areas.
Dairy products made in a lab . Biotech companies are searching for a way to make dairy products more available and less damaging to the environment. There are already some lab-made dairy products available in the US.

Interest in Science Essay Prompt

If you wish to tell about your interest in science or make your reader interested in it, take a look at these ideas:

Factors that influence one’s attitude towards science. You can analyze reasons for students’ interest or indifference towards science.
Parents’ role in children’s attitude towards science. Discuss how parents, their social status, or education level affect their children’s interests.
How does one’s faith affect their perception of science? Some religious beliefs don’t support scientific ideas about life and the universe.

Importance of Science Essay Prompt

Science is essential for our society, environment, and many other parts of our lives. In your essay about the importance of science, you can include the following points:

Science is solving the mysteries of our universe. One of the main goals of science is to gain knowledge about the world. It helps us understand different phenomena and find solutions to numerous problems.
How science benefits society . Science is also used to improve our life quality. Education and knowledge allow us to make our lives easier and more enjoyable.
The way science helps solve global challenges . Health, agriculture, and other spheres rely on science. Governments also use science to combat issues, such as climate change.

✍️ How to Write a Scientific Essay

To achieve academic prowess in science and technology studies, you will need to get good at writing scientific essays. Here are the general principles of essay writing:

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Essay on Science and Technology Outline

The structure of a science and technology essay remains the same as basically any other essay type. It includes the following points:

The picture shows the structure of a science and technology essay.

Science & Technology Essay Introduction

In your introduction, you should make your reader interested in your topic. Start with a hook, and don’t forget to include some background information. You can consult our article about writing a good introduction for more info.

An introduction of a science and technology essay about the disadvantages of space exploration can look like that:

Space exploration’s contribution to environmental science is impossible to deny. However, it might also be damaging to the environment itself. Space exploration produces hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide that contribute to global warming.

Thesis Statement about Technology & Science

Close your introduction with a thesis to state the main point of your essay. Make sure to support your point with evidence throughout the text.

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There should be ways to make space exploration less damaging to the environment since the pollution caused by it is getting worse every year.

Science and Technology Essay Body

The body paragraphs are the central part of your essay. There you show your investigation results and support them with solid arguments. Don’t forget to open each of the paragraphs with a topic sentence that can let your reader know the main idea of the passage (you can learn more from this article about topic sentences by Rochester Institute of Technology.)

Aluminum oxide particles produced during rocket launches absorb the radiation and contribute to global warming. NASA uses fuel that consists of aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate in their solid booster rockets. They form aluminum oxide when combined. As a result, these rocket launches are damaging to the environment and are one of the causes of climate change and global warming.

Science and Technology Essay Conclusion

The conclusion closes your essay by restating your thesis statement and making your reader want to dive further into your topic. Keep in mind that just saying that “more research on the subject is required” is not what the conclusion should be about. Make sure to include plenty of details in addition to summarizing the articles.

To sum up, although space exploration allows us to know more about our universe and makes our life easier, it also negatively affects the environment. Less damaging ways are needed in order for us to continue gaining knowledge and improving our life quality without hurting our planet.

Choosing Topics Related to Science and Technology

The field of science and technology is so broad that it is not very easy to decide on good science and technology topics right away. That is why we will explain the main issues to pay attention to while picking out a topic for your scientific essay:

It must be interesting for you as a writer;
It should be of current importance for readers;
It has to shed light on some scientific innovations.

If you consider these three points, you’ll have an excellent opportunity to succeed in writing your essays on science and technology.

If you feel lost and unsure what is a worthy topic, try thinking about something down-to-earth and present in our daily lives. For more tips on choosing good topics, check out some brainstorming techniques in our Guide to Academic Writing or use our topic generator .

Scientific Essay: Bonus Tips

Be sure you correctly understand the chosen problem.
Formulate your sentences well.
Use linking phrases within paragraphs and the text as a whole.
Ensure that your text is cohesive and logical.
Write in a language that would be clear even to an audience of non-professionals.
Mind the tone and wording of your technology essay.
Be careful not to make mistakes in spelling, grammar, style, and format.
Sound formal but not moralizing.
Foresee possible questions from your readers and answer them beforehand.
Call your readers to action and push them toward an adequate response.

Although essays might be one of the most common writing assignments, our free tips are here to make your studies even more enjoyable! We hope the information presented here will help you create an excellent scientific essay. Let us know what you think about our guide in the comments below!

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Essay on Science and Technology for Students: 100, 200, 350 Words

Updated on
Sep 20, 2023

Writing an essay on science and technology requires you to keep yourself updated with the recent developments in this field. Science is a field which has no limits. It is the most potent of all the fields and when combined with technology, then even the sky doesn’t remain a limit. Science is everywhere from the minute microscopic organisms to the gigantic celestial bodies. It’s the very essence of our existence. Let’s learn about Science and Technology in an essay format.

Essay on Science and Technology in 100 Words

Everything we do, every breath we take, every move we make, every interaction with any object, and even the thoughts we have, and the dreams we see, all involve science. Similarly, as the world is progressing, technology is getting intertwined with even the basic aspects of our lives. Be it education, sports, entertainment, talking to our loved ones, etc. Everything is inclusive of Technology nowadays. It is safe to say that Science and Technology go hand-in-hand. They are mutually inclusive of each other. Although from a broader perspective, Technology is a branch of Science, but still, each of these fields cannot be sustained without the other.

Essay on Science and Technology in 200 Words

Science and Technology are important aspects of life from the very beginning of the day to the end of it. We wake up in the morning because of the sound of our alarm clocks and go to bed at night after switching off our lights. Most importantly, it helps us save time is one of the results of advancements in science and technology. Each day new Technologies are being developed that are making human life easier and much more convenient.Advantages of Science and Technology

If we were to name the advantages of science and technology, then we would fall short of words because they are numerous. These range from the very little things to the very big ones.

Science and Technology are the fields that have enabled man to look beyond our own planet and hence, discover new planets and much more. And the most recent of the Project of India, The successful landing of Chandrayaan-3 on the south pole of the moon proves that the potential of Science and Technology cannot be fathomed via any means. The potential it holds is immense.

In conclusion, we can confidently say that Science and Technology have led us to achieve an absolutely amazing life. However, it is extremely important to make use of the same in a judicious way so as to ensure its sustenance.

Essay on Science and Technology in 350 Words

Science and Technology include everything, from the smallest of the microbes to the most complex of the mechanisms. Our world cannot exist without Science and Technology. It is hard to imagine our lives without science and technology now.

Impact of Science & Technology

The impact of science and technology is so massive that it incorporates almost each and every field of science and even others. The cures to various diseases are being made due to the advancement in Science and Technology only. Also, technology has enhanced the production of crops and other agricultural practices also rely on Science and Technology for their own advancement. All of the luxuries that we have on a day-to-day basis in our lives are because of Science and Technology. Subsequently, the fields of Science and Technology have also assisted in the development of other fields as well such as, Mathematics , Astrophysics , Nuclear Energy , etc. Hence, we can say that we live in the era of Science and Technology.

Safety Measures

Although the field of Science and Technology has provided the world with innumerable advancements and benefits that are carrying the world forward, there are a lot of aspects of the same that have a negative impact too. The negative impact of these is primarily on nature and wildlife and hence, indirectly and directly on humans as well.

The large factories that are associated with manufacturing or other developmental processes release large amounts of waste which may or may not be toxic in nature. This waste gets deposited in nature and water bodies and causes pollution. The animals marine or terrestrial living in their respective ecosystems may even ingest plastic or other toxic waste and that leads to their death. There are a lot of other negative aspects of the same.

Hence, it becomes our responsibility to use Science and Technology judiciously and prevent the degradation of nature and wildlife so as to sustain our planet, along with all its ecosystems, which will eventually ensure our existence in a healthy ecosystem leading to healthy and long life.

Science is something that is limitless. It is the most potent of all the fields and when combined with technology, then even the sky doesn’t remain a limit. Science is everywhere from the minute microscopic organisms to the most gigantic ones. It’s the very essence of our existence.

Science and Technology are important aspects of life. All of the luxuries that we have on a day-to-day basis in our lives are because of Science and Technology. Most importantly, it helps us save time is one of the results of advancements in science and technology. It is hard to imagine our lives without science and technology now.

In any nation, science and technology holds a crucial part in its development in all aspect. The progress of the nation is dependent upon science and technology. It holds the to economic growth, changing the quality of life, and transformation of the society.

We hope this blog of ours on Essay on Science and Technology has helped you gain a deeper knowledge of the same. For more such informative and educational essays please visit our site:- Leverage Edu Essay Writing .

Deepansh Gautam

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Science Essay

Learn How to Write an A+ Science Essay

11 min read

What Is a Science Essay?

A science essay is an academic paper focusing on a scientific topic from physics, chemistry, biology, or any other scientific field.

Science essays are mostly expository. That is, they require you to explain your chosen topic in detail. However, they can also be descriptive and exploratory.

A descriptive science essay aims to describe a certain scientific phenomenon according to established knowledge.

On the other hand, the exploratory science essay requires you to go beyond the current theories and explore new interpretations.

So before you set out to write your essay, always check out the instructions given by your instructor. Whether a science essay is expository or exploratory must be clear from the start. Or, if you face any difficulty, you can take help from a science essay writer as well.

Moreover, check out this video to understand scientific writing in detail.

Now that you know what it is, let's look at the steps you need to take to write a science essay.

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How To Write a Science Essay?

Writing a science essay is not as complex as it may seem. All you need to do is follow the right steps to create an impressive piece of work that meets the assigned criteria.

Here's what you need to do:

Choose Your Topic

A good topic forms the foundation for an engaging and well-written essay. Therefore, you should ensure that you pick something interesting or relevant to your field of study.

To choose a good topic, you can brainstorm ideas relating to the subject matter. You may also find inspiration from other science essays or articles about the same topic.

Conduct Research

Once you have chosen your topic, start researching it thoroughly to develop a strong argument or discussion in your essay.

Make sure you use reliable sources and cite them properly . You should also make notes while conducting your research so that you can reference them easily when writing the essay. Or, you can get expert assistance from an essay writing service to manage your citations.

Create an Outline

A good essay outline helps to organize the ideas in your paper. It serves as a guide throughout the writing process and ensures you don’t miss out on important points.

An outline makes it easier to write a well-structured paper that flows logically. It should be detailed enough to guide you through the entire writing process.

However, your outline should be flexible, and it's sometimes better to change it along the way to improve your structure.

Start Writing

Once you have a good outline, start writing the essay by following your plan.

The first step in writing any essay is to draft it. This means putting your thoughts down on paper in a rough form without worrying about grammar or spelling mistakes.

So begin your essay by introducing the topic, then carefully explain it using evidence and examples to support your argument.

Don't worry if your first draft isn't perfect - it's just the starting point!

Proofread & Edit

After finishing your first draft, take time to proofread and edit it for grammar and spelling mistakes.

Proofreading is the process of checking for grammatical mistakes. It should be done after you have finished writing your essay.

Editing, on the other hand, involves reviewing the structure and organization of your essay and its content. It should be done before you submit your final work.

Both proofreading and editing are essential for producing a high-quality essay. Make sure to give yourself enough time to do them properly!

After revising the essay, you should format it according to the guidelines given by your instructor. This could involve using a specific font size, page margins, or citation style.

Most science essays are written in Times New Roman font with 12-point size and double spacing. The margins should be 1 inch on all sides, and the text should be justified.

In addition, you must cite your sources properly using a recognized citation style such as APA , Chicago , or Harvard . Make sure to follow the guidelines closely so that your essay looks professional.

Following these steps will help you create an informative and well-structured science essay that meets the given criteria.

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How to Structure a Science Essay?

A basic science essay structure includes an introduction, body, and conclusion.

Let's look at each of these briefly.

Introduction

Your essay introduction should introduce your topic and provide a brief overview of what you will discuss in the essay. It should also state your thesis or main argument.

For instance, a thesis statement for a science essay could be,

"The human body is capable of incredible feats, as evidenced by the many athletes who have competed in the Olympic games."

The body of your essay will contain the bulk of your argument or discussion. It should be divided into paragraphs, each discussing a different point.

For instance, imagine you were writing about sports and the human body.

Your first paragraph can discuss the physical capabilities of the human body.

The second paragraph may be about the physical benefits of competing in sports.

Similarly, in the third paragraph, you can present one or two case studies of specific athletes to support your point.

Once you have explained all your points in the body, it’s time to conclude the essay.

Your essay conclusion should summarize the main points of your essay and leave the reader with a sense of closure.

In the conclusion, you reiterate your thesis and sum up your arguments. You can also suggest implications or potential applications of the ideas discussed in the essay.

By following this structure, you will create a well-organized essay.

Check out a few example essays to see this structure in practice.

Science Essay Examples

A great way to get inspired when writing a science essay is to look at other examples of successful essays written by others.

Here are some examples that will give you an idea of how to write your essay.

Science Essay About Genetics - Science Essay Example

Environmental Science Essay Example | PDF Sample

The Science of Nanotechnology

Science, Non-Science, and Pseudo-Science

The Science Of Science Education

Science in our Daily Lives

Short Science Essay Example

Let’s take a look at a short science essay:

Want to read more essay examples? Here, you can find more science essay examples to learn from.

How to Choose the Right Science Essay Topic

Choosing the right science essay topic is a critical first step in crafting a compelling and engaging essay. Here's a concise guide on how to make this decision wisely:

Consider Your Interests: Start by reflecting on your personal interests within the realm of science. Selecting a topic that genuinely fascinates you will make the research and writing process more enjoyable and motivated.
Relevance to the Course: Ensure that your chosen topic aligns with your course or assignment requirements. Read the assignment guidelines carefully to understand the scope and focus expected by your instructor.
Current Trends and Issues: Stay updated with the latest scientific developments and trends. Opting for a topic that addresses contemporary issues not only makes your essay relevant but also demonstrates your awareness of current events in the field.
Narrow Down the Scope: Science is vast, so narrow your topic to a manageable scope. Instead of a broad subject like "Climate Change," consider a more specific angle like "The Impact of Melting Arctic Ice on Global Sea Levels."
Available Resources: Ensure that there are sufficient credible sources and research materials available for your chosen topic. A lack of resources can hinder your research efforts.
Discuss with Your Instructor: If you're uncertain about your topic choice, don't hesitate to consult your instructor or professor. They can provide valuable guidance and may even suggest specific topics based on your academic goals.

Science Essay Topics

Choosing an appropriate topic for a science essay is one of the first steps in writing a successful paper.

Here are a few science essay topics to get you started:

How space exploration affects our daily lives?
How has technology changed our understanding of medicine?
Are there ethical considerations to consider when conducting scientific research?
How does climate change affect the biodiversity of different parts of the world?
How can artificial intelligence be used in medicine?
What impact have vaccines had on global health?
What is the future of renewable energy?
How do we ensure that genetically modified organisms are safe for humans and the environment?
The influence of social media on human behavior: A social science perspective
What are the potential risks and benefits of stem cell therapy?

Important science topics can cover anything from space exploration to chemistry and biology. So you can choose any topic according to your interests!

Need more topics? We have gathered 100+ science essay topics to help you find a great topic!

Continue reading to find some tips to help you write a successful science essay.

Science Essay Writing Tips

Once you have chosen a topic and looked at examples, it's time to start writing the science essay.

Here are some key tips for a successful essay:

Research thoroughly

Make sure you do extensive research before you begin writing your paper. This will ensure that the facts and figures you include are accurate and supported by reliable sources.

Use clear language

Avoid using jargon or overly technical language when writing your essay. Plain language is easier to understand and more engaging for readers.

Referencing

Always provide references for any information you include in your essay. This will demonstrate that you acknowledge other people's work and show that the evidence you use is credible.

Make sure to follow the basic structure of an essay and organize your thoughts into clear sections. This will improve the flow and make your essay easier to read.

Ask someone to proofread

It’s also a good idea to get someone else to proofread your work as they may spot mistakes that you have missed.

These few tips will help ensure that your science essay is well-written and informative!

You've learned the steps to writing a successful science essay and looked at some examples and topics to get you started.

Make sure you thoroughly research, use clear language, structure your thoughts, and proofread your essay. With these tips, you’re sure to write a great science essay!

Do you still need expert help writing a science essay? Our science essay writing service is here to help. With our team of professional writers, you can rest assured that your essay will be written to the highest standards.

Contact our essay service now to get started!

Also, do not forget to try our essay typer tool for quick and cost-free aid with your essays!

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Betty is a freelance writer and researcher. She has a Masters in literature and enjoys providing writing services to her clients. Betty is an avid reader and loves learning new things. She has provided writing services to clients from all academic levels and related academic fields.

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Keep reading

Essay on Science and Technology for Students and Children

500+ words essay on science and technology.

Essay on Science and Technology: Science and technology are important parts of our day to day life. We get up in the morning from the ringing of our alarm clocks and go to bed at night after switching our lights off. All these luxuries that we are able to afford are a resultant of science and technology . Most importantly, how we can do all this in a short time are because of the advancement of science and technology only. It is hard to imagine our life now without science and technology. Indeed our existence itself depends on it now. Every day new technologies are coming up which are making human life easier and more comfortable. Thus, we live in an era of science and technology.

Essentially, Science and Technology have introduced us to the establishment of modern civilization . This development contributes greatly to almost every aspect of our daily life. Hence, people get the chance to enjoy these results, which make our lives more relaxed and pleasurable.

Benefits of Science and Technology

If we think about it, there are numerous benefits of science and technology. They range from the little things to the big ones. For instance, the morning paper which we read that delivers us reliable information is a result of scientific progress. In addition, the electrical devices without which life is hard to imagine like a refrigerator, AC, microwave and more are a result of technological advancement.

Furthermore, if we look at the transport scenario, we notice how science and technology play a major role here as well. We can quickly reach the other part of the earth within hours, all thanks to advancing technology.

In addition, science and technology have enabled man to look further than our planet. The discovery of new planets and the establishment of satellites in space is because of the very same science and technology. Similarly, science and technology have also made an impact on the medical and agricultural fields. The various cures being discovered for diseases have saved millions of lives through science. Moreover, technology has enhanced the production of different crops benefitting the farmers largely.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

India and Science and Technology

Ever since British rule, India has been in talks all over the world. After gaining independence, it is science and technology which helped India advance through times. Now, it has become an essential source of creative and foundational scientific developments all over the world. In other words, all the incredible scientific and technological advancements of our country have enhanced the Indian economy.

Looking at the most recent achievement, India successfully launched Chandrayaan 2. This lunar exploration of India has earned critical acclaim from all over the world. Once again, this achievement was made possible due to science and technology.

In conclusion, we must admit that science and technology have led human civilization to achieve perfection in living. However, we must utilize everything in wise perspectives and to limited extents. Misuse of science and technology can produce harmful consequences. Therefore, we must monitor the use and be wise in our actions.

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Science and Technology Essay

Essay on Science and Technology

Science and technology is the ultimate need of an hour that changes the overall perspective of the human towards life. Over the centuries, there have been new inventions in the field of science and technology that help in modernizing. Right from connecting with people to using digital products, everything involves science and technology. In other words, it has made life easy and simple. Moreover, humans now have to live a simple life. There is modern equipment explored by tech experts to find something new for the future.

Science and technology have now expanded their wings to medical, education, manufacturing and other areas. Moreover, they are not limited to cities, but also rural areas for educational purposes. Every day new technologies keep coming, making life easier and more comfortable.

Brief about Science

Throughout history, science has come a long way. The evolution of the person is the contribution to science. Science helped humans to find vaccines, potions, medicines and scientific aids. Over the centuries, humans have faced many diseases and illnesses taking many lives. With the help of science, medicines are invented to bring down the effect or element of these illnesses.

Brief of Technology

The mobile, desktop or laptop which you are using for reading this essay, mobile you use for connectivity or communication or the smart technology which we use in our daily life, are a part of technology. From the machinery used in the factory to the robots created all fall under tech invention. In simpler words, technology has made life more comfortable.

Advancement in science and technology has changed the modern culture and the way we live our daily life.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Science and Technology

Science and technology have changed this world. From TV to planes, cars to mobile, the list keeps on going how these two inventions have changed the world we see through. For instance, the virtual talks we do use our mobile, which was not possible earlier. Similarly, there are electrical devices that have made life easier.

Furthermore, the transportation process we use has also seen the contribution of science and technology. We can reach our destination quickly to any part of the world.

Science and technology are not limited to this earth. It has now reached mars. NASA and ISRO have used science and technology to reach mars. Both organizations have witnessed success in sending astronauts and technologies to explore life in the mars.

Other Benefits

Life is much simpler with science and technology

Interaction is more comfortable and faster

Human is more sophisticated

Disadvantages

With the progress in science and technology, we humans have become lazier. This is affecting the human mind and health. Moreover, several semi-automatic rifles are created using the latest technology, which takes maximum life. There is no doubt that the third world war will be fought with missiles created using technology.

Man has misused the tech and used it for destructive purposes.

Man uses them to do illegal stuff.

Technology such as a smartphone, etc. hurts children.

Terrorists use modern technology for damaging work.

Science and Technology in India

India is not behind when it comes to science and technology. Over the centuries, the country has witnessed reliable technology updates giving its people a better life. The Indian economy is widely boosted with science and technology in the field of astronomy, astrophysics, space exploration, nuclear power and more. India is becoming more innovative and progressive to improve the economic condition of the nation.

The implementation of technology in the research work promotes a better life ahead. Similarly, medical science in India is progressing rapidly, making life healthy and careful. Indian scientists are using the latest technology to introduce new medical products for people and offer them at the lowest price.

The Bottom Line

The main aim of writing this essay on science and technology is to showcase how humans have evolved over the years. Since we are advancing, the science and technology industry is also advancing at a faster pace. Although there are challenges, the road ahead is exciting. From interaction to transportation and healthcare in every sector, we will witness profitable growth in science and technology.

FAQs on Science and Technology Essay

1. How technology changed humans?

Technology has certainly changed the way we live our lives. Not a single piece of technology has failed and is continuously progressing. Be it the small industry or large, technology is a boom to your society. Technology can encompass ancient technologies like calculators, calendars, batteries and others. In future, the technology worlds include Blockchain technologies, smart cities, more advanced intelligent devices, quantum computers, quantum encryption, and others. Humans are updated with technology. This is a good sign for the coming generation.

2. What are the top technologies?

In the last few years, there has been a massive update in technology. From individuals to companies, everywhere, the use of technology is required. Some of the top technologies we are witnessing are

Data Science

Internet of Things

Blockchain

Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

Virtual Reality

Edge Computing

Intelligent apps

Artificial Intelligence

Each of these technologies is in the use of daily life and even in making products. However, to use this technology, there is a requirement of skilled professionals and they need proper training to use them.

3. Is the topic Science and Technology an appropriate topic for students?

Yes, Science and Technology are one of the most important topics every student should know in their schooling. The world is growing rapidly at an increasing rate where one should be equipped with minimum knowledge about these concepts. Science and technology have become a part of everyone’s life today. Therefore understanding them is definitely important.

4. Does writing essays improve English?

Yes, of course it does. Writing is absolutely fundamental to language learning. As with anything, however, it is important to learn when and what you write. If you do it all the time, your writing might sound forced. If you only do it when you don't have anything better to do, you might find yourself procrastinating, and not do it at all. It's also a lot more effective to compose essays when you are in that mindset of an essay. So, to answer your question, yes.

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20 Most Prominent Technology Essay Topics And Writing Hints

Table of Contents

So it goes without saying that the scope of technology is an endless sphere to examine. What’s more, as the topic is super wide, you can personalize your essay to make it enjoyable to work on.

Nevertheless, it may be a challenge for you to make up your mind on how and what to write about. In this case, I hope the following hints will be of great help to you!

How to choose a topic about technology for a research paper?

First of all, to write a technology essay , you need to come up with a topic that will not be too wide, yet not too narrow.

Also, remember that it will be much more entertaining and easier for you to work on the questions you actually enjoy.

If you have troubles composing the topic for your research paper, try some o the following guidelines:

Think of the aspects of technology you’re interested in.
Choose issues that are up-to-date and newsworthy .
Examine credible sources ; find out which questions are best covered with relevant information.
Write down some keywords for the remaining questions, – they will be the basis of the topic. In case you’ve got too many aspects to cover, try choosing 2-3 of them.
Try crafting a couple of topics . In case of emergency… find some ready-to-use ideas.
Look through your final ideas and pick the one you like most.
Do some preliminary research . Correct your topic if needed.

Prominent topics about technology for writing

Didn’t like any of the topics above? Well, we’ve got Well, we’ve got another custom Writing list of technology topics. The following topics are more specific, but all of them are definitely thought-provoking.

The use of technology in education.
Stunning technology developed currently.
The most shocking modern technology inventions the majority of people still aren’t aware of.
Enumerate some technologies that you consider completely destructive and harmful. Explain your choice.
Technology and space studies.
The impact of technology on people’s health and values.
Can robots replace humans completely on the workplaces? Why?
Specific country and its contribution to the development of modern technology.
Technology and safety of transport.
Nanotechnologies and the scopes of their use.
The use of technologies in medicine.
Which technologies may influence people’s mental health? How?
Technologies that have changed our lives.
Do technologies have a positive or negative effect on personal safety?
Does modern technology help improve the educational process?

Writing about technology: the what and the why

After you’ve chosen the topic, it’s a perfect time to start working on it.

Remember… To write a successful essay or a research paper on technology, you need to organize it all well.

This means you need a plan! Here are some hints for a perfect structure:

Search for relevant information . You have to rely on credible sources to have up-to-date and newsworthy data. Remember that some websites may contain fakes!
Note some crucial aspects of your question. Later you may use them as ideas to highlight.
Start writing. To make it easier to cope with a lot of information you now encounter, you’d need to craft an outline . Write down a table of contents for your essay, it will be your soil to push off.
Start with the introduction to give the reader some understanding of the issue. Here you include some background information on the topic, historical aspect, or some definitions if needed.
Write the main body . Mention all your statements and support them with decent evidence. Remember that the main body should be split into paragraphs to make it readable. As a rule, one paragraph is for one idea or statement.
End up with a conclusion – an inference of everything said before. It has to be laconic and logical. New ideas aren’t needed here.
After you’ve written the paper, you may want to check it for grammar and typos . There are lots of websites and programs for this purpose. Even better, leave it for a couple of days and give it a fresh look.

The use of a technology essay example

To reassure you that writing a technology essay isn’t the end of the world, here is a free sample of the essay. It fits all the general recommendations, but you should always keep in mind that your teacher may have own vision on how the essay should be completed!

Still, it’s always great to grab some ideas!

Overall, writing an essay on technology is an incredibly valuable experience. Moreover, the topic is so wide; you most definitely will find something interesting to talk about!

Stick to the structure and don’t hesitate to discover something very specific. Technology is getting more and more stunning every day!

No time to complete your brilliant copy? We’ve got a bunch of writers, who’d be more than happy to write it for you! Any topic, tightest deadline, complete confidentiality. Hit the button to learn more.

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How to write a science feature

1. choose your topic and length carefully.

Be realistic about the issue you are covering - does it have enough dimensions to hold a reader's interest for a long feature? If the story can be summarised in 180 words, you don't need to write a 1,800-word feature. And anything beyond 4,000 words is a very long read.

2. Have a plan

Make a list of all the points you want to cover in the article, then put them into an order that allows you to move with the most ease from one point to the next. Remember to pepper fascinating points throughout the article – if you put all the juicy stuff in the first 500 words, why would a reader continue to the end?

3. Come back to the intro again, and again, and again …

Writing introductions is always a tricky business. The best introductions conjure up a clear, compelling scene, an unusual conundrum or a stark situation. Avoid rambling opening paragraphs and remember that if a sentence doesn't sound quite right, it isn't right. Move on to the body of the piece and come back to it. The introductions that seem the most effortless have probably taken the most work.

4. Get on the phone, or better still on the road

A good feature is not an extended essay, a regurgitation of undergraduate topics, or a stream of consciousness. Don't indulge in covering too many historical aspects of the issue – use them only where strictly relevant. The same goes for technical details. Remember, your audience may not have the burning interest in genetics you do, or be familiar with what an allele is.

A feature should be alive with the voices of those involved in the issue you are focusing on. Speak to researchers, speak to those affected by the issue and speak to people with different viewpoints. Record your interviews – when you listen back you may be surprised at the gems you find.

5. Get building

Once you have your transcripts from all your interviews, make one document with the quotes you want to use and the points you want to make. Then shuffle these around to create the skeleton of your feature. Then you can add detail and refine paragraphs as you go along.

6. Choose your structure carefully

A feature could take many forms, for example a long "write-through" or continuous narrative, a Q&A format, or a series of distinct sections. Would a detailed explanation of how mitochondria work be better in a separate, pull-out section, suitable for a tinted box on the printed page? Would a graphic save you 300 words? Use such furniture wisely and it will improve your feature.

7. Know what you are trying to say – don't waffle

No feature can cover every aspect of an issue. There will always be other points or angles. Make sure you have a clear idea of what is relevant to the overall thrust your piece and don't try to shoe-horn in tangential information.

8. Get your facts straight

Double check everything. If someone gives you a figure for the cost of a medical procedure, check it in the literature and ask the experts. Make sure your sources are up to date and accurate and remember to differentiate between facts and opinion. If your piece will be published online include links so that readers can easily access your sources, if it's in print give enough information for them to track it down for themselves.

9. Change the pace

Employing a single, uniform style throughout your article will make for a tedious read. Change the pace throughout – switching between emotional experiences, sobering facts, funny quotes and informative sections will keep your reader engaged to the end. Like a good play, a feature can also move backwards and forwards in time and be set in different scenes.

10. Kill your darlings

Your hilarious sentences and painfully crafted metaphors may seem like works of genius, but they are probably too esoteric to appeal to anyone else. Write them, love them, cut them.

Interview a variety of people

Have a clear angle

Get your facts straight

Put all the interesting stuff in the first 500 words

Write in a monotone

The Wellcome Trust Science Writing Prize, in association with the Guardian and the Observer, is open for entries . The closing date is 11 May 2014.

Coming up in this series

establish a successful science blog

report from a science conference

set up a science podcast

avoid common writing mistakes

Science writing prize
Secrets of good science writing

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Science and technology

Updated 18 July 2023

Subject Books , Learning , British Empire

Downloads 59

Category Information Science and Technology , Education , History

Topic Modern Technology , Research , Victorian Era

Introduction

It is impossible to overstate the impact that science and technology have had on our existence. Science and technological advancements have not only hastened the advancement of civilization but also aided humans in their interaction with environment. Through their research into the laws governing the world, their discovery of the mysteries of nature, and their practical application of their knowledge, scientists have made a positive impact on people's lives. If you quickly contrast modern human life with that of people in the Victorian gentleman's era, it becomes clear that life has changed drastically. Our forefathers hardly had the foggiest notion of the insignificant items produced by the advancement of science and technology; from radiotelephones, microwave ovens, computers, TV sets and so on would seem a miracle to them that our life is pleasant, comfortable, and easy way beyond theirs. A majority of great inventions of the 20th century such as jet engines, combustion, airplanes, and the radio have become usual things to the extent that we cannot imagine our life without them. These phenomena prove the power of science and technology progress in human life. These can be accredited to the influential support that the work of Charles Darwin had on the industrial error, which established the superiority levels on the social development, acting as a foundation for the science and technology progression. It is evident from the evolution theory and man the tool maker.

The Evolution Theory and the Industrial Revolution

The evolution theory seems to have brought out the understanding of the industrial revolution. Amongst the unresolved economic arguments that faced the conceptual age, one has led to the industrial revolution during the early 1800s in Europe, and the reasons behind not all countries evolving economically in the aftermath of the revolution as of today. The query is satisfactorily answered by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution since changes in the human populations could be the main reasoning behind the revolution. The connection of the industrial revolution and the theory of evolution lies with the work of Thomas Malthus which inspired the theory of natural selection. In other words, Darwin himself acknowledges that his insights of the theory of evolution came about after he read the 'principles of population' by Malthus in 1838 and found out that as long as the offspring's inherited something of their parent's characteristics, then in a Malthusian equilibrium as concerns a population, there would be a selection of particular traits over time (18). According to Thomas Mathis, the introduction of new technology would be followed by an increase in the overall population resulting in an offset of any technological development's benefits relegating humanity to a perpetual subsistence economy. It is obvious that men who tend to have a higher income have more surviving children when compared to those with lower incomes. Prior to the industrial revolution, the upper social class had begun out-populating the lower income population, and it is for the reasons that attributed to the observed decrease in violence and an upsurge in literacy. A combination of these changes together with the apparent willingness of this new population to work more in order to save more resulted in the industrial revolution given that the gains in the production efficiency outdid the population growth for the first time.

The Influence of Darwin's Theory on European Perception

In his piece of literal work, Adas describes an extended effect of Darwin's theory of evolution. According to Adas, the Europeans developed a perception of being superior due to their scientific and technological preeminence, and it has for decades shaped their interactions with people overseas (88). On the basis of the cultures of China, India, and sub-Saharan Africa, the Europeans have adopted a broad comparative perspective where they judge people in these regions to be a representative of the lower levels of social organization and material mastery (90). Limiting his focus to Africa, India, and China, Ada's work is an extensive research beginning from the late fifteenth century to the twentieth century. He splits his scope of research into three sections where he acknowledges what transpired before the industrial revolution, during the industrialization period and the twentieth century. From the time when the World War II ended, the author brings out the Western dominance ideology and how it has continued to shape the relations between the West and the non-western countries. The assumption of the non-western inferiority is purely based on the theory of evolution laid out by Charles Darwin. When the westerners traveled to Africa, they saw themselves as more evolved and could not help but note the wide difference such as the indigenous adherence to the heathen religions. They also noted that certain handicrafts were exceptional in terms of quality with the lamentations that followed describing them as primitive and limited in productive capacity from the perspective of the European (Adas 38). Other cultures encountered by the European such those in China and India were initially met with awe at their complexity, wealth, and size (Adas 38). A majority of the technological innovations in India such as the production of fine cotton textiles and China's shipbuilding could not be matched by any of the European states at the time (Adas 39). In these regions, inferiority took a different perspective such as religion and scientific learning but not on technology. The scientific thought concept of the Western that came out of these revolutions was precisely based on measurement and observation allowing the Europeans to practice the measurement of men (Adas 39).

The Atomic Age and Charles Darwin

Patrick Sharp in a similar trend links the atomic age to Charles Darwin and the America's frontier. The atomic age brought into reality the Bomb along with the spawned narrative of the apocalypse which acted as a reminder of the impending doom. However, according to Sharp (), these tales had their origin even afore Hiroshima way back to Darwin whereby he examines America, between the period of Cold War and early industrial age, as a culture underpinned by racism. Sharp in the article 'Savage Perils' digs into the effect of the literary modernism, frontier nostalgia, and Darwinism on the representations and history of nuclear-powered weaponry. Sharp took into consideration factors like the Asian immigration and anthropological race theory to chart the origin of a worldview which has continuously shaped the global politics and culture. He dissects the arguments of Charles Darwin concerning the struggle amid the theories of savagery and civilization which powered the future-war tales that ended in Britain's Anglo dominance besides influencing the frontier's Turnerian visions in America. Sharp (), give examples of George's Bush's Axis of Evil to put his point through that most of the Americans hold dear the belief in the racially charged opposition between savagery and civilization (). In other words, they consider any chance of the non-whites or rather savages acquiring technological control as the biggest war on terror’s threat. In summary, the scientific/popular narratives and the Darwinian evolution mainstreamed the United States into American culture. The Darwin’s evolutionary narrative pits savagery against civilization justified the global racism which placed the whites at war with every other race. It is unfortunate that the American civil defense has over the decades taken a racial dimension.

Frankenstein and the Hunger for Advancement

Frankenstein by Whale is a good show of how humankind will at all the time strive to push boundaries and limits particularly when science is involved. As a race, the humankind continuously demands progression and answers illustrating how hungry they are for advancement and knowledge. Frankenstein demonstrates how human beings are fascinated with death and mortal coil with ideas of immortality relentlessly plaguing the fictional works. The urge is unstoppable as we see that the human settles for nothing less other than being able to mold and come up with life. Whereas Frankenstein comes out as a wicked scientist who wanted to play God, the artistic work brings a lot to the table about Darwin’s theory of evolution. It showcases that human beings evolve gradually to become more superior with changes in time and environment, and the process cannot be halted. Frankenstein, the whole principle likens to the evolution of men to the extent that it sounds bizarre how there is basically no punishment when one defiles the natural order.

The Frontier in American History and Darwin's Ideologies

Darwin’s theory of evolution and man the tool maker was also seemingly upheld by Turner while spearheading his thesis of The Frontier in American History. Turner traced the social evolution of the said frontier life as it progressively developed across the continent to the complexity of the factory and city from the primitive conditions experienced by the trader, the trapper, and the explorer through the maturing stages of agriculture. In his perception, Turner insisted that the frontier's conditions assertively shaped the American character, particularly the large quantity of free land, a settling that engendered traits such as optimism, materialism, mobility, restless energy, inventiveness, individualism, and self-reliance. Turner reasoned that the end of the continental expansion’s frontier era had thrown the nation 'back upon itself. He recommended the 'imperious will and force' ought to be, at that time, replaced by the social reorganization by embracing an expanded educational opportunity’s system which would be able to supplant the frontier’s geographical mobility. It was a pure demonstration of a continuous evolution of humankind falling in line with Darwin’s ideologies. He advocated for the American universities to maintain the pioneer ideals through training new leaders whose role would be to reconcile culture and the popular government with the huge industrial society of the modern world. Turner described these as the new frontiers of the unknown fields of science as a replacement of the old frontiers of wilderness marred with ax and rifle. Turner demonstrated that most of the conflicts between the western and the eastern ideals were always won by the west for the reasons that it was the frontier that was at all the time creating the new American race. Turner contended that the West created the American race which according to him was the type of the many unlike the transatlantic European, something he claims was entirely different from all the other races.

In conclusion, the influential support that Charles Darwin had on the industrial error established superiority levels on the social development, and it acted as the foundation of science and technology progression. The evolution theory and man the tool maker particularly plays a significant role as evidence in the supposition. First of all, the evolution theory and man the tool maker brought out the understanding of the industrial revolution. A similar phenomenon is observed by Adas where he noted that the Europeans had over the centuries developed the perception of superiority due to their scientific and technological prowess, something that was described as the measurement of men. It shaped their interactions with other races overseas. Thirdly, we find out that Patrick Sharp attributes the Atomic age to the America's frontier and Charles Darwin. According to sharp, Darwin is associated with the atomic age which was epitomized by the Hiroshima bombing to the racism of superiority that underpinned the American culture for the period between the industrial revolution and cold war. The aggressiveness of human being to evolve into more superior being is largely demonstrated in Whale's literal work Frankenstein. Lastly, Turner seemingly upheld Darwin's ideology of the theory of evolution and man the tool maker to spearhead his reasoning of The Frontier in American History.

Works Cited

Adas, Michael. Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance. Cornell University Press, 1990.

Darwin, Charles. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. Anboco, 1896.

Sharp, Patrick B. Savage Perils: Racial Frontiers and Nuclear Apocalypse in American Culture. University of Oklahoma Press, 2007.

Turner, Frederick J. The Frontier in American History. Scholar Select, 1893.

Whale, James, Frankenstein. Universal, 1931.

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Science Essay Examples

Best Science Essay Examples to Learn From

Published on: May 3, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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Are you struggling to write a science essay that stands out?

Are you tired of feeling overwhelmed by scientific jargon and complicated concepts?

You're not alone.

Science essays can be a challenge for even the most dedicated students. It's no wonder that so many students struggle to produce top-notch papers.

But fear not!

In this blog post, we'll provide you with some science essay examples and tips. We will help you write a top-notch paper that impresses your professor and earns you a high grade.

So buckle up and get ready to tackle science essays like a pro!

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Science Essay Examples for Students

Writing a science essay can be a daunting task for students. However, with the right guidance and examples, it can also be a rewarding and enlightening experience.

Here, we'll provide you with examples so you can elevate your own writing.

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Science Essay Examples for Different Subjects

Science is a vast field that encompasses many different subjects, from biology to physics to chemistry. As a student, you may find yourself tasked with writing a science essay on a subject that you're not particularly familiar with.

We have provided you with science essay examples for different subjects to help you get started.

Social Science Essay Example

Political Science Essay Example

Environmental Science Essay Example

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University Science Essay Examples

Science essays are important part of university-level education. However, different universities may have different requirements and expectations when it comes to writing these essays.

That's why we've compiled some science essay examples for different universities. You can see what works and what doesn't, and tailor your own writing accordingly.

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Structure of a Science Essay

Science essays are a crucial part of many subjects, and learning to structure them effectively is essential for achieving academic success.

Letâs explore scientific essay structure.

Introduction

The introduction of a science essay should introduce the topic and provide some context for the reader.

You should explain the purpose of the essay and provide a thesis statement that outlines the main argument you will make in the essay. A good introduction should also capture the reader's interest and motivate them to read on.

Check out these how to start a science essay examples for better understanding:

Body Paragraphs

The body paragraphs of a science essay should provide evidence to support the thesis statement. You should use scientific evidence, research, and data to support your argument.

Each paragraph should focus on one key point, and the points should be organized logically to create a coherent argument. It is essential to provide citations for all sources you use in your essay.

Here is an example for you:

The conclusion of a science essay should summarize the main points of the essay and restate the thesis statement in a compelling manner.

You should also provide some final thoughts or recommendations based on the evidence presented in the essay.

The conclusion should be concise and leave a lasting impression on the reader.

Natural Science Essay Topics

There are countless interesting, thought-provoking and problem solving essay topics in science.

Explore some compelling natural science essay topics to inspire your writing.

Science Essay Topics for 5th Graders

The importance of recycling for our environment
The different types of clouds and how they form
How animals hibernate during the winter months
The different types of rocks and how they are formed
The role of bees in pollination and food production
How light travels and how we see objects
The properties of magnets and how they work
The different stages of stem cell research
The human digestive system and how it works
The effects of pollution on our environment and health

Science Essay Topics for 6th Graders

The impact of climate change on the planet
The different types of energy and how they are produced
The importance of water conservation and management
The role of artificial intelligence in human life
The structure and function of the human respiratory system
The properties and uses of acids and bases
The effect of light on plant growth and development
The differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources
The process of photosynthesis and its importance for life on Earth
The impact of technology on the environment and society

Science Essay Topics for 7th Graders

The structure and function of the human circulatory system
The different types of fossils and how they are formed
The impact of natural disasters on the environment and human life
The pros and cons of bacteria in our bodies and in the environment
The physics of sound and how it travels
The effects of air pollution in United States
The properties and uses of different types of waves (sound, light, etc.)
The process of cell division and its role in growth and repair
The structure and function of the human nervous system
The different types of ecosystems and their unique characteristics

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Tips for Writing a Science Essay

Writing a science essay can be challenging, especially if you don't have much experience in writing academic papers.

However, with the right approach and strategies, you can produce a high-quality science essays.

Here are some tips to help you write a successful science essay:

Understand the assignment requirements: Before you start writing your essay, make sure you understand the assignment requirements. Read the prompt carefully and make note of any specific guidelines or formatting requirements.

Choose a topic that interests you: Writing about a topic that you find interesting and engaging can make the process enjoyable and rewarding. Consider topics that you have studied in class or that you have a personal interest in.

Conduct thorough research: To write a successful science essay, you need to have a deep understanding of the topic you are writing about. Conduct thorough research using reliable sources such as academic journals, textbooks, and reputable websites.

Develop a clear and concise thesis statement: Your thesis statement should clearly state your argument or position on the topic you are writing about. It should be concise and specific, and should be supported by evidence throughout your essay.

Use evidence to support your claims: When writing a science essay, it's important to use evidence to support your claims and arguments. This can include scientific data, research findings, and expert opinions.

Edit and proofread your essay: Before submitting your essay, make sure to edit and proofread it carefully. Check for spelling and grammatical errors. Ensure that your essay is formatted correctly according to the assignment requirements.

In conclusion, this blog has provided a comprehensive guide to writing a successful science essay.

By following the tips, students can produce high-quality essays that showcase their understanding of science.

If you're struggling to write a science essay or need additional assistance, CollegeEssay.org is one of the best online essay services to help you out,

Our expert writers have extensive experience in writing science essays for students of all levels.

So why wait? Contact our science essay writing service today!

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing a science essay.

Some common mistakes to avoid include:

Plagiarizing content
Using incorrect or unreliable sources
Failing to clearly state your thesis
Using overly complex language

How can I make my science essay stand out?

To make your science essay stand out, consider choosing a unique or controversial topic. Using relevant and up-to-date sources, and present your information in a clear and concise manner. You can also consider using visuals such as graphs or charts to enhance your essay.

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How Technology Affects Our Lives – Essay

Do you wish to explore the use of information technology in daily life? Essays like the one below discuss this topic in depth. Read on to find out more.

Introduction

Technology in communication, technology in healthcare, technology in government, technology in education, technology in business, negative impact of technology.

Technology is a vital component of life in the modern world. People are so dependent on technology that they cannot live without it. Technology is important and useful in all areas of human life today. It has made life easy and comfortable by making communication and transport faster and easier (Harrington, 2011, p.35).

It has made education accessible to all and has improved healthcare services. Technology has made the world smaller and a better place to live. Without technology, fulfilling human needs would be a difficult task. Before the advent of technology, human beings were still fulfilling their needs. However, with technology, fulfillment of needs has become easier and faster.

It is unimaginable how life would be without technology. Technology is useful in the following areas: transport, communication, interaction, education, healthcare, and business (Harrington, 2011, p.35). Despite its benefits, technology has negative impacts on society. Examples of negative impacts of technology include the development of controversial medical practices such as stem cell research and the embracement of solitude due to changes in interaction methods. For example, social media has changed the way people interact.

Technology has led to the introduction of cloning, which is highly controversial because of its ethical and moral implications. The growth of technology has changed the world significantly and has influenced life in a great way. Technology is changing every day and continuing to influence areas of communication, healthcare, governance, education, and business.

Technology has contributed fundamentally in improving people’s lifestyles. It has improved communication by incorporating the Internet and devices such as mobile phones into people’s lives. The first technological invention to have an impact on communication was the discovery of the telephone by Graham Bell in 1875.

Since then, other inventions such as the Internet and the mobile phone have made communication faster and easier. For example, the Internet has improved ways through which people exchange views, opinions, and ideas through online discussions (Harrington, 2011, p.38). Unlike in the past when people who were in different geographical regions could not easily communicate, technology has eradicated that communication barrier. People in different geographical regions can send and receive messages within seconds.

Online discussions have made it easy for people to keep in touch. In addition, they have made socializing easy. Through online discussions, people find better solutions to problems by exchanging opinions and ideas (Harrington, 2011, p.39). Examples of technological inventions that facilitate online discussions include emails, online forums, dating websites, and social media sites.

Another technological invention that changed communication was the mobile phone. In the past, people relied on letters to send messages to people who were far away. Mobile phones have made communication efficient and reliable. They facilitate both local and international communication.

In addition, they enable people to respond to emergencies and other situations that require quick responses. Other uses of cell phones include the transfer of data through applications such as infrared and Bluetooth, entertainment, and their use as miniature personal computers (Harrington, 2011, p.40).

The latest versions of mobile phones are fitted with applications that enable them to access the Internet. This provides loads of information in diverse fields for mobile phone users. For business owners, mobile phones enhance the efficiency of their business operations because they are able to keep in touch with their employees and suppliers (Harrington, 2011, p.41). In addition, they are able to receive any information about the progress of their business in a short period of time.

Technology has contributed significantly to the healthcare sector. For example, it has made vital contributions in the fields of disease prevention and health promotion. Technology has aided in the understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases, which has led to the prevention of many diseases. For example, understanding the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract and blood diseases has aided in their effective management (Harrington, 2011, p.49).

Technology has enabled practitioners in the medical field to make discoveries that have changed the healthcare sector. These include the discovery that peptic ulceration is caused by a bacterial infection and the development of drugs to treat schizophrenia and depressive disorders that afflict a greater portion of the population (Harrington, 2011, p.53). The development of vaccines against polio and measles led to their total eradication.

Children who are vaccinated against these diseases are not at risk of contracting the diseases. The development of vaccines was facilitated by technology, without which certain diseases would still be causing deaths in great numbers. Vaccines play a significant role in disease prevention.

Technology is used in health promotion in different ways. First, health practitioners use various technological methods to improve health care. eHealth refers to the use of information technology to improve healthcare by providing information on the Internet to people. In this field, technology is used in three main ways.

These include its use as an intervention tool, its use in conducting research studies, and its use for professional development (Lintonen et al, 2008, p. 560). According to Lintonenet al (2008), “e-health is the use of emerging information and communications technology, especially the internet, to improve or enable health and healthcare.” (p.560). It is largely used to support health care interventions that are mainly directed towards individual persons. Secondly, it is used to improve the well-being of patients during recovery.

Bedside technology has contributed significantly in helping patients recover. For example, medical professionals have started using the Xbox computer technology to develop a revolutionary process that measures limb movements in stroke patients (Tanja-Dijkstra, 2011, p.48). This helps them recover their manual competencies. The main aim of this technology is to help stroke patients do more exercises to increase their recovery rate and reduce the frequency of visits to the hospital (Lintonen et al, 2008, p. 560).

The government has utilized technology in two main areas. These include the facilitation of the delivery of citizen services and the improvement of defense and national security (Scholl, 2010, p.62). The government is spending large sums of money on wireless technologies, mobile gadgets, and technological applications. This is in an effort to improve their operations and ensure that the needs of citizens are fulfilled.

For example, in order to enhance safety and improve service delivery, Cisco developed a networking approach known as Connected Communities. This networking system connects citizens with the government and the community. The system was developed to improve the safety and security of citizens, improve service delivery by the government, empower citizens, and encourage economic development.

The government uses technology to provide information and services to citizens. This encourages economic development and fosters social inclusion (Scholl, 2010, p.62). Technology is also useful in improving national security and the safety of citizens. It integrates several wireless technologies and applications that make it easy for security agencies to access and share important information effectively. Technology is widely used by security agencies to reduce vulnerability to terrorism.

Technologically advanced gadgets are used in airports, hospitals, shopping malls, and public buildings to screen people for explosives and potentially dangerous materials or gadgets that may compromise the safety of citizens (Bonvillian and Sharp, 2001, par2). In addition, security agencies use surveillance systems to restrict access to certain areas. They also use technologically advanced screening and tracking methods to improve security in places that are prone to terrorist attacks (Bonvillian and Sharp, 2001, par3).

Technology has made significant contributions in the education sector. It is used to enhance teaching and learning through the use of different technological methods and resources. These include classrooms with digital tools such as computers that facilitate learning, online learning schools, blended learning, and a wide variety of online learning resources (Barnett, 1997, p.74). Digital learning tools that are used in classrooms facilitate learning in different ways. They expand the scope of learning materials and experiences for students, improve student participation in learning, make learning easier and quick, and reduce the cost of education (Barnett, 1997, p.75). For example, online schools and free learning materials reduce the costs that are incurred in purchasing learning materials. They are readily available online. In addition, they reduce the expenses that are incurred in program delivery.

Technology has improved the process of teaching by introducing new methods that facilitate connected teaching. These methods virtually connect teachers to their students. Teachers are able to provide learning materials and the course content to students effectively. In addition, teachers are able to give students an opportunity to personalize learning and access all learning materials that they provide. Technology enables teachers to serve the academic needs of different students.

In addition, it enhances learning because the problem of distance is eradicated, and students can contact their teachers easily (Barnett, 1997, p.76). Technology plays a significant role in changing how teachers teach. It enables educators to evaluate the learning abilities of different students in order to devise teaching methods that are most efficient in the achievement of learning objectives.

Through technology, teachers are able to relate well with their students, and they are able to help and guide them. Educators assume the role of coaches, advisors, and experts in their areas of teaching. Technology helps make teaching and learning enjoyable and gives it meaning that goes beyond the traditional classroom set-up system (Barnett, 1997, p.81).

Technology is used in the business world to improve efficiency and increase productivity. Most important, technology is used as a tool to foster innovation and creativity (Ray, 2004, p.62). Other benefits of technology to businesses include the reduction of injury risk to employees and improved competitiveness in the markets. For example, many manufacturing businesses use automated systems instead of manual systems. These systems eliminate the costs of hiring employees to oversee manufacturing processes.

They also increase productivity and improve the accuracy of the processes because of the reduction of errors (Ray, 2004, p.63). Technology improves productivity due to Computer-aided Manufacturing (CAM), Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM), and Computer-aided Design (CAD). CAM reduces labor costs, increases the speed of production, and ensures a higher level of accuracy (Hunt, 2008, p.44). CIM reduces labor costs, while CAD improves the quality and standards of products and reduces the cost of production.

Another example of the use of technology in improving productivity and output is the use of database systems to store data and information. Many businesses store their data and other information in database systems that make accessibility of information fast, easy, and reliable (Pages, 2010, p.44).

Technology has changed how international business is conducted. With the advent of e-commerce, businesses became able to trade through the Internet on the international market (Ray, 2004, p.69). This means that there is a large market for products and services. In addition, it implies that most markets are open 24 hours a day.

For example, customers can shop for books or music on Amazon.com at any time of the day. E-commerce has given businesses the opportunity to expand and operate internationally. Countries such as China and Brazil are taking advantage of opportunities presented by technology to grow their economy.

E-commerce reduces the complexities involved in conducting international trade (Ray, 2004, p.71). Its many components make international trade easy and fast. For example, a BOES system allows merchants to execute trade transactions in any language or currency, monitor all steps involved in transactions, and calculate all costs involved, such as taxes and freight costs (Yates, 2006, p.426).

Financial researchers claim that a BOES system is capable of reducing the cost of an international transaction by approximately 30% (Ray, 2004, p.74). BOES enables businesses to import and export different products through the Internet. This system of trade is efficient and creates a fair environment in which small and medium-sized companies can compete with large companies that dominate the market.

Despite its many benefits, technology has negative impacts. It has negative impacts on society because it affects communication and has changed the way people view social life. First, people have become more anti-social because of changes in methods of socializing (Harrington, 2008, p.103). Today, one does not need to interact physically with another person in order to establish a relationship.

The Internet is awash with dating sites that are full of people looking for partners and friends. The ease of forming friendships and relationships through the Internet has discouraged many people from engaging in traditional socializing activities. Secondly, technology has affected the economic statuses of many families because of high rates of unemployment. People lose jobs when organizations and businesses embrace technology (Harrington, 2008, p.105).

For example, many employees lose their jobs when manufacturing companies replace them with automated machines that are more efficient and cost-effective. Many families are struggling because of the lack of a constant stream of income. On the other hand, technology has led to the closure of certain companies because the world does not need their services. This is prompted by technological advancements.

For example, the invention of digital cameras forced Kodak to close down because people no longer needed analog cameras. Digital cameras replaced analog cameras because they are easy to use and efficient. Many people lost their jobs due to changes in technology. Thirdly, technology has made people lazy and unwilling to engage in strenuous activities (Harrington, 2008, p.113).

For example, video games have replaced physical activities that are vital in improving the health of young people. Children spend a lot of time watching television and playing video games such that they have little or no time for physical activities. This has encouraged the proliferation of unhealthy eating habits that lead to conditions such as diabetes.

Technology has elicited heated debates in the healthcare sector. Technology has led to medical practices such as stem cell research, implant embryos, and assisted reproduction. Even though these practices have been proven viable, they are highly criticized on the grounds of their moral implications on society.

There are many controversial medical technologies, such as gene therapy, pharmacogenomics, and stem cell research (Hunt, 2008, p.113). The use of genetic research in finding new cures for diseases is imperative and laudable. However, the medical implications of these disease treatment methods and the ethical and moral issues associated with the treatment methods are critical. Gene therapy is mostly rejected by religious people.

They claim that it is against natural law to alter the gene composition of a person in any way (Hunt, 2008, p.114). The use of embryonic stem cells in research is highly controversial, unlike the use of adult stem cells. The controversy exists because of the source of the stem cells. The cells are obtained from embryos. There is a belief among many people that life starts after conception.

Therefore, using embryos in research means killing them to obtain their cells for research. The use of embryo cells in research is considered in the same light as abortion: eliminating a life (Hunt, 2008, p.119). These issues have led to disagreements between the science and the religious worlds.

It has made life easy and comfortable by making communication faster and travel faster, making movements between places easier, making actions quick, and easing interactions. Technology is useful in the following areas of life: transport, communication, interaction, education, healthcare, and business. Despite its benefits, technology has negative impacts on society.

Technology has eased communication and transport. The discovery of the telephone and the later invention of the mobile phone changed the face of communication entirely. People in different geographical regions can communicate easily and in record time. In the field of health care, technology has made significant contributions in disease prevention and health promotion. The development of vaccines has eradicated certain diseases, and the use of the Internet is vital in promoting health and health care.

The government uses technology to enhance the delivery of services to citizens and the improvement of defense and security. In the education sector, teaching and learning processes have undergone significant changes owing to the impact of technology. Teachers are able to relate to different types of learners, and the learners have access to various resources and learning materials. Businesses benefit from technology through the reduction of costs and increased efficiency of business operations.

Despite the benefits, technology has certain disadvantages. It has negatively affected human interactions and socialization and has led to widespread unemployment. In addition, its application in the healthcare sector has elicited controversies due to certain medical practices such as stem cell research and gene therapy. Technology is very important and has made life easier and more comfortable than it was in the past.

Barnett, L. (1997). Using Technology in Teaching and Learning . New York: Routledge.

Bonvillian, W., and Sharp, K. (2011). Homeland Security Technology . Retrieved from https://issues.org/bonvillian/ .

Harrington, J. (2011). Technology and Society . New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Hunt, S. (2008). Controversies in Treatment Approaches: Gene Therapy, IVF, Stem Cells and Pharmagenomics. Nature Education , 19(1), 112-134.

Lintonen, P., Konu, A., and Seedhouse, D. (2008). Information Technology in Health Promotion. Health Education Research , 23(3), 560-566.

Pages, J., Bikifalvi, A., and De Castro Vila, R. (2010). The Use and Impact of Technology in Factory Environments: Evidence from a Survey of Manufacturing Industry in Spain. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology , 47(1), 182-190.

Ray, R. (2004). Technology Solutions for Growing Businesses . New York: AMACOM Div American Management Association.

Scholl, H. (2010). E-government: Information, Technology and Transformation . New York: M.E. Sharpe.

Tanja-Dijkstra, K. (2011). The Impact of Bedside Technology on Patients’ Well-Being. Health Environments Research & Design Journal (HERD) , 5(1), 43-51.

Yates, J. (2006). How Business Enterprises use Technology: Extending the Demand-Side Turn. Enterprise and Society , 7(3), 422-425.

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Google helped make an exquisitely detailed map of a tiny piece of the human brain

A small brain sample was sliced into 5,000 pieces, and machine learning helped stitch it back together.

Cassandra Willyard archive page

A team led by scientists from Harvard and Google has created a 3D, nanoscale-resolution map of a single cubic millimeter of the human brain. Although the map covers just a fraction of the organ—a whole brain is a million times larger—that piece contains roughly 57,000 cells, about 230 millimeters of blood vessels, and nearly 150 million synapses. It is currently the highest-resolution picture of the human brain ever created.

To make a map this finely detailed, the team had to cut the tissue sample into 5,000 slices and scan them with a high-speed electron microscope. Then they used a machine-learning model to help electronically stitch the slices back together and label the features. The raw data set alone took up 1.4 petabytes. “It’s probably the most computer-intensive work in all of neuroscience,” says Michael Hawrylycz, a computational neuroscientist at the Allen Institute for Brain Science, who was not involved in the research. “There is a Herculean amount of work involved.”

Many other brain atlases exist, but most provide much lower-resolution data. At the nanoscale, researchers can trace the brain’s wiring one neuron at a time to the synapses, the places where they connect. “To really understand how the human brain works, how it processes information, how it stores memories, we will ultimately need a map that’s at that resolution,” says Viren Jain, a senior research scientist at Google and coauthor on the paper, published in Science on May 9 . The data set itself and a preprint version of this paper were released in 2021 .

Brain atlases come in many forms. Some reveal how the cells are organized. Others cover gene expression. This one focuses on connections between cells, a field called “connectomics.” The outermost layer of the brain contains roughly 16 billion neurons that link up with each other to form trillions of connections. A single neuron might receive information from hundreds or even thousands of other neurons and send information to a similar number. That makes tracing these connections an exceedingly complex task, even in just a small piece of the brain..

To create this map, the team faced a number of hurdles. The first problem was finding a sample of brain tissue. The brain deteriorates quickly after death, so cadaver tissue doesn’t work. Instead, the team used a piece of tissue removed from a woman with epilepsy during brain surgery that was meant to help control her seizures.

Once the researchers had the sample, they had to carefully preserve it in resin so that it could be cut into slices, each about a thousandth the thickness of a human hair. Then they imaged the sections using a high-speed electron microscope designed specifically for this project.

Next came the computational challenge. “You have all of these wires traversing everywhere in three dimensions, making all kinds of different connections,” Jain says. The team at Google used a machine-learning model to stitch the slices back together, align each one with the next, color-code the wiring, and find the connections. This is harder than it might seem. “If you make a single mistake, then all of the connections attached to that wire are now incorrect,” Jain says.

“The ability to get this deep a reconstruction of any human brain sample is an important advance,” says Seth Ament, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland. The map is “the closest to the ground truth that we can get right now.” But he also cautions that it’s a single brain specimen taken from a single individual.

The map, which is freely available at a web platform called Neuroglancer , is meant to be a resource other researchers can use to make their own discoveries. “Now anybody who’s interested in studying the human cortex in this level of detail can go into the data themselves. They can proofread certain structures to make sure everything is correct, and then publish their own findings,” Jain says. (The preprint has already been cited at least 136 times .)

The team has already identified some surprises. For example, some of the long tendrils that carry signals from one neuron to the next formed “whorls,” spots where they twirled around themselves. Axons typically form a single synapse to transmit information to the next cell. The team identified single axons that formed repeated connections—in some cases, 50 separate synapses. Why that might be isn’t yet clear, but the strong bonds could help facilitate very quick or strong reactions to certain stimuli, Jain says. “It’s a very simple finding about the organization of the human cortex,” he says. But “we didn’t know this before because we didn’t have maps at this resolution.”

The data set was full of surprises, says Jeff Lichtman, a neuroscientist at Harvard University who helped lead the research. “There were just so many things in it that were incompatible with what you would read in a textbook.” The researchers may not have explanations for what they’re seeing, but they have plenty of new questions: “That’s the way science moves forward.”

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Practice Papers

The research data management organiser (rdmo) – a strong community behind an established software for dmps and much more.

Ivonne Anders
Daniela Adele Hausen
Christin Henzen
Gerald Jagusch
Giacomo Lanza
Olaf Michaelis
Karsten Peters-von Gehlen
Torsten Rathmann
Jürgen Rohrwild
Sabine Schönau
Kerstin Vanessa Wedlich-Zachodin
Jürgen Windeck

This practice paper provides an overview of the Research Data Management Organiser (RDMO) software for data management planning and the RDMO community. It covers the background and history of RDMO as a funded project, its current status as a consortium and an open source software and provides insights into the organisation of the vibrant RDMO community. Furthermore, we introduce RDMO from a software developer’s perspective and outline, in detail, the current work in the different sub-working groups committed to developing DMP templates and related guidance materials.

Data management planning
DMP templates
Open source software
Community building

The Background and History of RDMO

The Research Data Management Organiser (RDMO) is a web-based software that enables research-performing institutions as well as researchers themselves to plan and carry out their management of research data. RDMO can assemble all relevant planning information and data management tasks across the whole life cycle of the research data. RDMO is ready for application in smaller or larger projects.

One of the results of ‘WissGrid’, a collaborative project in the German D-Grid context, was a small collection of guidelines on how to deal with data, including a set of questions to help organise data publication and data management ( Fiedler et al. 2013 ). The publication collected and reflected the discussion driven by the California Digital Library (CDL) and Digital Curation Centre (DCC) on data management and data management plans in the context of Germany and its landscape of research institutions and organisations.

Some of the takeaways from this work were that only writing up DMPs to meet the requirements of a funding agency would not suffice to guide research projects during their subsequent processes of producing and analysing their research data. DMPs and connected information should better remain in the realm of the workgroup/project or institution instead of a central website.

With this motivation, the DFG-founded RDMO project was set up in 2015 ( DFG 2021 ), aiming to develop a modern and easy-to-install and use web application with a questionnaire based on the aforementioned WissGrid guidelines ( Fiedler et al. 2013 ), a storage engine and configurable output options. The web app has consecutively been early-exposed to interested adopters. By giving extensive support, the RDMO project not only improved its web application but also was an attractor for the formation of new local groups to organise their data management work across institutional borders and local and community barriers.

The RDMO project continued in 2018 to interact intensely with the growing group of institutions and groups that used the RDMO web app in many different ways: not only to produce DMPs but also as a tool to organise consulting and coaching in data management, to enforce standardisation of data management within an institution, to feed available information (e.g., from lab instruments) into a project’s RDMO instance or to adapt the collected information into several formats required by funding agencies or research institutions. A DMP with these additional functionalities can also be used to initiate processes and tasks in the whole data lifecycle and is called ‘machine-actionable DMP’ (maDMP). In RDMO, we implemented the recommendations of the RDA WG DMP Common Standards ( Miksa et al. 2020 ).

RDMO from a Software Development’s Perspective

RDMO is an open source tool whose code can be freely extended and modified. It is implemented as a web application. It consists of a backend part running on a server that is mainly written in Python utilising the Django framework ( https://djangoproject.com/ ) and a frontend part based on common web technologies providing the user interface running in a browser to be able to provide a collaborative platform. Python and the Django framework were chosen because Python is a high-level programming language that is relatively easy to learn. Its emphasis is on code readability and usability, which has made it a well-established programming language in the science community. This provides the advantage of having a certain degree of knowledge in the area where RDMO is installed, maintained, used, and its development is driven forward. From the start, RDMO’s code has been freely available with an Apache 2.0 licence on GitHub, which also serves as a focal point for community feedback (bug reports, feature requests) and for defining and tracking RDMO’s future development ( https://github.com/rdmorganiser/rdmo ).

The software’s first release dates back to 2016. Subsequently, the RDMO community has seen over 60 new versions. Regular releases provide continuity and have made RDMO grow quite mature over time. The exact number of software downloads is unknown, but the number of productive and test instances has steadily been increasing during the last few years and has now reached 56 (source: https://rdmorganiser.github.io/Community/ , status: 11/09/2023).

RDMO was designed to make technical hurdles for administrators as low as possible. It can be installed fairly quickly and does not need much storage space or processing power because it primarily deals with textual data saved in rather small databases. RDMO only requires Python to run, a web server like Apache or Nginx to serve static files and a database like PostgreSQL or MySQL. There are Docker images provided as well to ease the RDMO run for those who are familiar with this technology.

Information is stored locally within an RDMO instance and is structured according to RDMO’s data model, presented in Figure 1 . A person compiling a DMP for a project is requested to address a series of questions. The answers are stored as values of internal variables called attributes and can then be further used to generate documents (views) or to activate actions (tasks).

The RDMO data model. RDMO employs a complex data model organised along different Django apps and modules (representing database tables), which is well documented ( https://rdmo.readthedocs.io/en/latest/management/data-model.html ).

The exchange of information among instances is made possible by using a common attribute list (the RDMO domain), which ensures compatibility between question catalogs and still allows use-case-tailored question catalogs, option sets and views. All this content can be exchanged over the GitHub repository for content.

The RDMO domain currently includes 291 hierarchically ordered attributes, which cover all RDM aspects identified so far and thus plays the role of a ‘controlled vocabulary’ for DMPs. The fundamental RDMO catalog contains 125 questions covering all aspects of research data management. Besides that, several other catalogs ( https://www.forschungsdaten.org/index.php/RDMO ) have been tailored to specific disciplines (engineering, chemistry, etc.), institutions (UARuhr, HeFDI) or funding programmes (SNF, Volkswagen Foundation), taking care to reuse as many questions and attributes from the main catalog and domain as possible to ensure interoperability between existing projects, ensuring that the very same attributes are referred to the questions in different catalogs (thus allowing users to switch catalogs when necessary). For example, there were successfully accompanied attribute supplements for DFG questionnaires from FoDaKo, a cooperation of the Universities of Wuppertal, Düsseldorf, and Siegen concerning research data management ( https://fodako.nrw/datenmanagementplan , see Figure 2 ), and the questionnaire of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg for the Volkswagen Foundation, Germany’s largest private research sponsor. An implementation of the Horizon Europe Data Management Plan Template (for the homonym European funding framework programme) has also been added recently, comprising a questionnaire, new attributes and options, and a view (see Figure 3 ). Soon, the sub-working group will deal with other funding programmes from Germany and abroad, such as the Austrian funding organisation, Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF)’ ( https://www.fwf.ac.at/ ).

Overview of the FoDaKo questionnaires for projects funded by DFG. All questionnaires fulfil the DFG checklist and have different subject-specific coverage, from the ‘minimum’/‘intersection’ catalog with 85 questions to the ‘maximum’/‘union’ catalog (an extension of the core RDMO catalog) with 139 questions. The subject-specific questionnaires include further recommendations from the DFG Review Board on that subject. ‘All questions’ is an extension of the catalog RDMO. Below the title, the number of questions is given.

Preview of the ready Horizon Europe Data Management Plan in the RDMO interface. Compared to the funders’ DMP templates, the questions in the RDMO catalogs are more precise and ‘fine-grained’. Filling out a DMP is further eased with the provision of help texts and controlled answer choices (options). Finally, export templates, i.e., views, are available for converting the data management plan into a deliverable, which inserts references to thematically overlapping questions and converts the data management plan into the deliverable form for the funder.

The RDMO Consortium

The RDMO consortium was founded in 2020 by signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) ( https://rdmorganiser.github.io/docs/Memorandum-of-Understanding-RDMO.pdf ) between several supporting German institutions and individuals. The organisational structure with various groups has been approved by an RDMO user meeting. This structure supports future development and is detailed in the MoU. There are three permanent groups besides the general meeting of all members of the consortium, i.e., the signatories of the MoU. Members and other interested parties can participate in the general meeting. The general meeting meets at least once a year, as required. All institutions that are interested in the preservation and further development of RDMO are invited to sign the MoU.

Some of the members are active in various RDM working groups, such as RDA and DINI/nestor ( DINI/nestor-AG Forschungsdaten 2022 ), and thus ensure a user-oriented focus on the RDMO content through their external cooperation.

The RDMO Steering Group (StG)

The RDMO consortium is led by a steering group (StG). The representatives of the StG are elected by the members at the general meeting every three years or as needed. The StG accompanies direction of the further development and coordinates the processes for the further development of the software and its content. It is composed of at least five persons.

The RDMO Development Group (DG)

The technical coordination and further development of RDMO are organised by a development group. In addition to a core of long-term committed developers who continuously drive the development forward, the low-threshold participation of a larger number of developers is required and already in place. These, for example, can contribute to development on a project-specific basis.

The RDMO Content Group (CG)

The work of the CG members focuses on maintaining existing and newly generated content, such as attributes or questions for catalog templates. They provide moderation and support for individual processes, as well as domain adjustments. The CG collects user feedback from RDM coordinators and researchers from research institutions in Germany and checks the general usability of RDMO against the background of user feedback.

The work of the CG is currently organised into four sub-working groups and can spawn ad-hoc sub-working groups for special purposes.

Sub-Working Group Guidance Concepts and Texts

The ‘Practical Guide to the International Alignment of Data Management’ published by Science Europe ( 2021 ) provides specific guidance for different stakeholders, such as researchers and reviewers of DMPs, on how to manage research data, describe data management and review a DMP. The guide therefore comprises an overview of core aspects that should be included in a DMP. However, in such guidance documents, discipline-specific recommendations are often lacking. The sub-working group first collected discipline-specific best practices in data management. Based on this collection and findings, the most relevant DMP sections requiring recommendations were identified. For the structuring of a corresponding DMP guidance, the software design pattern concept was used in software engineering for the systematic description of problem-solution pairs ( Gamma et al. 2014 ). The pattern concept provides a template to store information, e.g., problems, solutions, concrete examples and related patterns. A specific DMP guidance template was developed by extending the initial pattern template. The use of such a pattern structure for DMP guidance ensures that recommendations/guidance can be easily compared and linked. Moreover, the pattern structure can help raise awareness of the potential consequences of not implementing proper data management through concrete solutions. As a proof-of-concept and first collection of guidance patterns, examples were selected from the own RDM support experiences for research projects with different disciplinary foci and iteratively improved the template ( Henzen et al. 2022 ). The DMP guidance pattern structure can be applied to other DMP guidance texts and extended accordingly.

In the future, the working group will further elaborate on how to streamline our DMP pattern concept with RDM community activities, like the Stamp project (Standardised data management plan for education sciences; Netscher et al. 2022 ) or the activities of the RDA working group ‘Discipline-specific Guidance for Data Management Plans’ ( https://rd-alliance.org/groups/discipline-specific-guidance-data-management-plans-wg ). Moreover, they are going to implement the envisioned community-driven guidance pattern collection process, e.g., by guiding RDM support teams and researchers to collect further patterns and provide guidance on how to use the pattern collection. On a practical level, they aim to provide a basic set of patterns for the RDMO community to be used in upcoming and existing DMP templates. However, the group envisioned the applicability and usage of the patterns across disciplines and tools, not limited to their usage in RDMO.

Sub-Working Group Editorial Processes

The sub-working group called Editorial Processes is responsible for the development, curation and harmonisation of the content that is necessary for the local usage of an RDMO instance: attributes, catalogs, conditions, option sets and views.

External authors have the option to make their questionnaires available to the general public in the ‘shared’ area of the RDMO repository for content ( https://github.com/rdmorganiser/rdmo-catalog ). Editorial Processes also accompanies the content development by external authors, cares for its harmonisation and adds the newly created attributes and questions whenever they can be of general relevance. Besides that, this sub-working group has coordinated the localisation of the RDMO software and of the RDMO content into French, Spanish and Italian, yielding a total of five languages.

Sub-Working Group Website

The transition of RDMO towards a community-based project required the website ( https://rdmorganiser.github.io/ ) to reflect the change from a project to a community as well. This sub-working group is engaged in the improvement of the online representation of RDMO, tailoring the information for the different audiences, including end users (researchers), RDM managers/coordinators and system administrators presenting various aids. The focus is on providing informational material that is relevant, depending on the needs of the audience.

The website intends to be the first point of contact for RDMO users or interested parties and to bring together all the available information about RDMO.

Sub-Working Group DFG Checklists

This sub-working group is working on the implementation of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) guidelines for research data management in RDMO. These guidelines must be considered during the redaction of project proposals and are available as a checklist ( http://www.dfg.de/research_data/checklist ). Since spring 2022, many German universities have developed guidelines, commentated versions of the DFG checklist or specific RDMO questionnaires to support their local researchers. The sub-working group was established in October 2022 to harmonise and map local solutions, creating one community questionnaire and export template.

Conclusion and Outlook

The overall goals of the work of the RDMO consortium are to simplify RDM and DMP planning further for users, improve their experience and build a sustainable open source community. With the user perspective in mind, the focus is, therefore, particularly on motivating researchers to use RDMO for their purposes. One of the ways by which the consortium intends to achieve this is by expanding different RDMO catalogs for various purposes (e.g., additional benefits such as project management functions and exchange between the different researchers in the project) by using DMPs. Researchers can be motivated in this respect, not only by familiarising them with RDMO but also by involving them in developing questionnaires that can be tailored to their discipline and/or to the needs of their community.

The development of several RDM initiatives, including the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI, https://www.nfdi.de/consortia/ ), gives great momentum to the discussion around DMPs and facilitates the harmonisation and establishment of common infrastructures. In the coming years, it is expected that the importance of research data and corresponding data management will continue to increase enormously. This will also give rise to further environments and tools that facilitate RDM. Due to its strong community, RDMO has the possibility to offer a significant contribution to innovative and demand-oriented research data management.

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to the entire RDMO community for all the work, the discussions and the results reached.

Funding Information

The authors would like to thank the Federal Government of Germany and the Heads of Government of the Länder, as well as the Joint Science Conference (GWK) and the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the projects NFDI4Ing (project number 442146713) and NFDI4Earth (project no.460036893) for their funding.

Competing Interests

The authors have no competing interest to declare.

Fiedler, N, et al. 2013. Leitfaden zum Forschungsdaten-Management: Handreichungen aus dem WissGrid-Projekt . Verlag Werner Hülsbusch. https://publications.goettingen-research-online.de/handle/2/14366 .

Gamma, E, et al. 2014. Design patterns:elements of reusable object-oriented software . Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley. https://openlibrary.telkomuniversity.ac.id/pustaka/37782/design-patterns-elements-of-reusable-object-oriented-software.html .

Henzen, C, et al. 2022. A Community-driven collection and template for DMP guidance facilitating data management across disciplines and funding. Zenodo . DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966878

Miksa, T, Walk, P and Neish, P 2020. RDA DMP common standard for machine-actionable data management plans. Zenodo . DOI: https://doi.org/10.15497/rda00039

Netscher, S, et al. 2022. Stamp—Standardisierter Datenmanagementplan für die Bildungsforschung. Zenodo . DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6782478

Science Europe 2021. Practical guide to the international alignment of research data management—extended edition. Zenodo . DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4915862

https://dini.de/ag/dininestor-ag-forschungsdaten/ .

https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270561467 .

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