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Fintech Dissertation Topics – Guide With Tips & Examples

Published by Owen Ingram at December 29th, 2022 , Revised On February 10, 2023

Introduction:

Fintech, short for financial technology, is a rapidly-growing industry that focuses on using technology to improve the efficiency of traditional banking and financial services.

Fintech companies specialise in developing software and other tools that automate banking processes and make it easier for businesses and individuals to manage their finances.

The products created by these companies include mobile apps to track spending, online payment systems, digital wallets, and blockchain technology.

Researching fintech is a critically important exercise for students of finance and technology alike. The growing importance of fintech as an innovation sector has made it an ever-evolving field, requiring researchers to stay abreast of the trends to keep up with its rapid pace.

Fintech dissertation topics require an understanding of the underlying concepts and a clear grasp of the practical applications and emerging trends in the industry.

However, for students researching fintech dissertation topics, there are some inherent challenges associated with this task.

Due to its highly specialised nature, staying up-to-date on relevant topics can be difficult as a lot of new information appears each day that needs sifting through and digesting.

How to Choose the Best Fintech Dissertation Topic:

When selecting a fintech topic, the process of researching and choosing a dissertation topic can be both exciting and daunting. Therefore, students need to take their time researching potential topics before settling on one. The following are some tips that can help streamline this process:

  • First, have a general understanding of what areas the student would like to explore in fintech. This will give them a better sense of the topics most applicable to their project or paper.
  • Next, look into industry publications and journals, as these are great resources for finding relevant content and cutting-edge information about fintech advances.
  • Students should first look at current trends in the field that might be of interest. Next, they need to identify areas where there may be gaps in knowledge or new opportunities that have not yet been explored.

List of Fintech Dissertation Topics

  • Understanding blockchain and fintech
  • Embracing digital transformation with fintech
  • The impact of fintech on financial innovations
  • Smart investing with fintech tools
  • The impact of fintech on businesses
  • The future of fintech
  • Digital finance and fintech: current research and future research directions
  • Fintech: ecosystem, business models, investment decisions, and challenges
  • How do banks interact with fintech startups?
  • The Impact of fintech startups on financial institutions’ performance and default risk
  • Fintech growth during COVID-19 in MENA region: current challenges and future prospects
  • How digital finance and fintech can improve financial inclusion
  • Data security and consumer trust in fintech innovation
  • Artificial intelligence in fintech: understanding robo-advisors adoption among customers
  • VaR and market value of fintech companies: an analysis and evidence from global data
  • Is the sustainability profile of fintech companies a key driver of their value?
  • Competition and cooperation between fintech companies and traditional financial institutions
  • Bitcoin, blockchain and fintech: a systematic review and case studies in the supply chain
  • How Blockchain can impact financial services–The overview, challenges and recommendations from expert interviewee
  • How Can FinTech Impact Russia’s Development?
  • A review of literature directions regarding the impact of fintech firms on the banking industry
  • FinTech in India: An analysis on the impact of telecommunication on financial inclusion
  • The impact of fintech innovation on green growth in China: Mediating effect of green finance
  • How green FinTech can alleviate the impact of climate change—the case of Switzerland
  • An empirical study of the impacts of perceived security and knowledge on continuous intention to use mobile fintech payment services
  • The impact of fintech on the sustainability of Islamic accounting and finance education in Malaysia
  • Research on Fintech development issues based on embedded cloud computing and big data analysis
  • Fintech, digitalization, and the law applicable to proprietary effects of transactions in securities (tokens): a European perspective
  • The Problems of Consumer Protection in Fintech Peer To Peer Lending Business Activities in Indonesia
  • Factors affecting continuance intention of FinTech payment among Millennials in Jakarta
  • Banks and FinTechs: Friends or foes? What it takes for banks and FinTechs to successfully cooperate
  • Effects of fintech on stock return: Evidence from retail banks listed in Indonesia stock exchange
  • Fintech and Islamic finance: literature review and research agenda
  • The Effect of FinTech on the Financial Institution in Six ASEAN Countries: Fama-French Five-Factor Asset Pricing Model Approach
  • Data security and consumer trust in FinTech innovation in Germany
  • Factors affecting the consumer acceptance towards fintech products and services in Malaysia
  • What makes consumers trust and adopt fintech? An empirical investigation in China
  • Toward Fintech Adoption Framework for Developing Countries-A Literature Review based on the Stakeholder Perspective
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What is the Importance of Choosing the Correct Fintech Research Topic

When considering the research within the field of fintech, it is important to consider and select a relevant topic carefully. The chosen topic should be engaging and topical, enabling research to be conducted effectively. It is essential that the right decision is made in order to ensure that meaningful results are achieved.

Firstly, when researching within fintech, it is vital to ensure that the selected topic is related to current trends within the sector. When exploring a current trend or development, an understanding can be gained as to how this will impact existing businesses and services, thus beneficial for those researching this field.

Secondly, personal interest must also be taken into account when choosing a research topic; this increases motivation and ensures that data collection remains efficient throughout the project.

By selecting a fintech topic that aligns with current trends and their own interests, students can ensure that they’re getting the most out of their research . The key is to select a project that allows students to explore current topics and those that may become more relevant in the future. Students should also consider what resources they already have access to so they can use them to support their projects.

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phd thesis on fintech

Faqs About Fintech Dissertation Ideas

When to choose the fintech dissertation topic.

You can choose a topic when you know you have an interest in it, there is enough information on the internet about it, and it can help others.

How do I choose the most appropriate fintech dissertation topic?

Firstly, ensuring that your topic is relevant to the current trends in financial technology is important. Do some research on what areas of fintech are currently being discussed or explored, and focus your attention on those topics.

Additionally, make sure that your chosen subject has enough information available online or through other sources so you can gather enough data for your paper. It’s also important to choose a title that you find engaging and inspiring – after all, this will be an extensive project you’ll be working on!

Can I use these topics for my dissertation?

Yes, you can use these topics for your dissertation. Depending on the type of research projects you are doing, there is a variety of topics that you can use.

Have other students used these topics already?

Yes, other students might have used these dissertation topics already. If you need unique dissertation topics which haven’t been used before, you can order the dissertation topics service on our website .

Can ResearchProspect provide unique and customised fintech dissertation topics?

Yes, ResearchProspect provide unique and customised fintech dissertation topics.

Can you do a research proposal on my selected topic?

Yes, we can do a research proposal on your selected topic. You can order the research proposal topics service on our website, or you can read about our proposal writing services .

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Essays on financial technologies

Karkkainen, Tatja (2021) Essays on financial technologies. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

The four essays contained herein this study focus on recently emerged questions in the field of Financial Technology (FinTech). This new finance domain has a growing importance in the finance discipline, policy, and practice. The FinTech is the common theme, while the thesis is organised to investigate the open questions separately in the essays.

The first essay assesses the required human capital in FinTech. Recent technological developments have enabled a wide array of new applications in financial markets, e.g. big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrencies, peer-to-peer lending, crowdfunding, and robo-advising, inter alia. While traditionally comprising of computer programs and other technology used to support or enable banking and financial services, the new FinTech is often seen as enabling transformation of the financial industry. A more moderate and critical view suggests that for the full transformative potential of FinTech to be enabled, there is a need for an updated educational curriculum that balances knowledge and understanding of finance and technology. A curriculum that provides a skill portfolio in these two core components and complements them with applied knowledge. This essay also makes an inquiry into the educational curriculum in finance and technology, aiming to inform this modern educational agenda, and into the skills shortages, as identified by firms and experts with examining some of the first educational programmes in FinTech.

The second essay investigates the relationship between financial literacy and attitudes to cryptocurrencies, using microdata from 15 countries. The financial literacy proxy exerts a large negative effect on the probability of currently owning cryptocurrencies. The financially literate are also more likely to be aware of cryptocurrencies, and less to own them due to their price volatility. In addition, data from a second survey of retail investors in three Asian countries is used to externally validify the financial literacy proxy and findings. I show that the relationship between financial literacy and attitudes to cryptocurrencies is moderated by a different perception of the financial risk involved in cryptocurrencies versus traditional investments by the more financially literate. The findings shed light on the demand for cryptocurrencies among the general population and suggest has been largely driven by unsophisticated investors.

The third and fourth essays are closer in their empirical investigation of asset price timeseries data. In the third essay, I assess the bitcoin futures introduction into the retail investor driven marketplace. Bitcoin futures were introduced in December 2017 as an effort to provide institutional and retail investors with additional trading tools for bitcoin. This study analyses the bitcoin Futures mid-quote data from CBOE, and Bitcoin market index applying VAR and VECM process methodologies, Hasbrouck’s information share and the Gonzalo-Granger component share measurement to examine price discovery in bitcoin markets. The results drawn on the intra-day prices show that the futures are leading the price discovery at different frequencies even with comparably low futures trading volumes. The empirical results support the extant literature of futures-spot market price discovery and the role of informed traders in the futures market.

Finally, the fourth essay attempts to evidence the network externalities on digital assets using exchange-listed Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) data. Utilising an online database comprising of self-reported ICO characteristics, measures of post-ICO performance, along with information on business social networks, higher fundraising figures are found to contribute positively to the ICO long-term success. This positive impact is multiplied by six times when fundraising is conducted to an existing, proprietary blockchain. This large impact is explained by the network effect. The modified information ratio measure is introduced to approximate the comparative quality signalling of ICO organisations using price timeseries and benchmarking these to already functioning blockchain technology, e.g. ethereum in the long-term. The ICO sample’s mean trading period on an exchange is 1.5 years and is used for long-period asset analysis. Additionally, the cointegration to the market technology benchmark is found to have a large, significant negative effect on long-term ICO organisational success as this indicates lower ICO intrinsic value.

The final concluding chapter summarises the thesis contribution, implications and a selection of future research avenues relating to FinTech research sub-field.

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Bank investment in FinTech firms: strategies and value effects

phd thesis on fintech

The rise of FinTech innovations has been significantly reshaping the business model of the financial industry over the recent decade. FinTech firms (FinTechs) provide innovative financial services at a lower cost through their consumer-centric platform. Banks have been investing in promising FinTechs to develop innovative solutions and compete in the new landscape. Nevertheless, a bank’s investment behavior to achieve these goals and the perception of bank shareholders on such cooperation type are less understood. This thesis attempts to investigate the entry and exit strategy of banks for the FinTech industry in terms of FinTech sectors, entry modes, and partnership types and measure the market reactions to provide the value effects over the investment period. Using a novel and hand-collected investment dataset in FinTechs by the top 300 banks worldwide, this study shows that banks diversify their investment across various FinTech sectors primarily via equity financing and partnering with non-bank financial firms as an investment strategy. The most active investors are larger, better capitalized, and operate a more diversified income structure. The thesis also identifies significant complementarities across FinTech sectors, entry modes, and partnership types in the investment choices of banks to reduce investment uncertainty. Despite diversification as a risk-sharing mechanism in the investment approach and the potential competitive gains from innovative technologies, investing in FinTechs is perceived as value-decreasing by bank shareholders. The stock market negatively reacts to FinTech investment announcements, and this decline is mainly driven when banks acquire FinTechs or invest in FinTechs jointly with non-bank financial firms. The long-term value analysis further shows that the decrease in bank shareholder wealth following the FinTech investment persists over the first post-investment year. However, smaller and better-capitalized banks appear to experience the least value-destroying in the long-run horizon. Lastly, the analysis of FinTech exits shows heterogeneous exit probability and time to exit across FinTech sectors and equity stages. Banks experience more frequent exits over a shorter period in the investment in Payment and RegTech sectors and the later stage of equity financing. This finding suggests that each sector has a different speed of developing innovations via banks-FinTechs cooperation, and the staged financing plays an essential role in a bank’s FinTech exits.

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Book cover

International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems

ICETIS 2022: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems pp 251–263 Cite as

The Influence of FinTech on Financial Sector and Economic Growth: An Analysis of Recent Literature

  • Mosharrof Hosen   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9301-4318 13 ,
  • Tat-Huei Cham   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-5928 14 ,
  • Hooi-Cheng Eaw   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0601-0325 13 ,
  • Vasanthan Subramaniam   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-9060 13 &
  • Hassanudin Mohd Thas Thaker   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-9045 13  
  • Conference paper
  • First Online: 09 February 2023

762 Accesses

4 Citations

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 584))

Even though financial technology (FinTech) has become one of the essential financial sector development strategies of many countries around the world in recent years, previous studies have analyzed the influence of financial growth from different aspects, but there are few works of literature devoted to the impact of FinTech on the financial sector and economic progress together. Fintech’s innovative banking and financial products are in high demand due to its uniqueness, cost efficiency, and user-friendly nature. This has caused disruption in traditional banking and finance sector of the economy. The question of whether the financial sector and the economy would not suffer from the incursions of FinTech, is not unreasonable. Using a review methodology, this paper finds that, Fintech has potential to influence the realization of increase in financial development and economic growth, only when appropriate regulation is put in place. Important policy implications and future directions are discussed accordingly.

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Department of Accounting and Finance, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Mosharrof Hosen, Hooi-Cheng Eaw, Vasanthan Subramaniam & Hassanudin Mohd Thas Thaker

UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tat-Huei Cham

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The British University in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

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Al-Buraimi University College, Al Buraimi, Oman

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Hosen, M., Cham, TH., Eaw, HC., Subramaniam, V., Thaker, H.M.T. (2023). The Influence of FinTech on Financial Sector and Economic Growth: An Analysis of Recent Literature. In: Al-Sharafi, M.A., Al-Emran, M., Al-Kabi, M.N., Shaalan, K. (eds) Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems. ICETIS 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 584. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25274-7_21

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Essays on Fintech, Finance, and Development Economics

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PhD Thesis Defense, Huan Tang, Finance

Huan Tang, Finance, PhD Graduate 2020

Congratulations to Dr Huan Tang, Finance specialization, who successfully defended her Doctoral thesis at HEC Paris, on August 27, 2020. Huan joined the London School of Economics as Assistant Professor.

Huan Tang is amongst the winners of the 2020 AQR Top Finance Graduate Award which rewards the six best students in finance in the world selected by a jury of absolutely top academics in the field of financial economics. Read more here . 

Thesis Topic:  Three essays on FinTech

Supervisor:  Johan Hombert Associate Professor, HEC Paris

Jury members:    Viral Acharya Professor, NYU Stern School of Business Xavier Giroud, Associate professor, Columbia Business School    Denis Gromb, Professor, HEC Paris 

Johan Hombert Associate Professor, HEC Paris, Supervisor

Abstract:   This three-chapter thesis investigates the benefit and cost of financial technology (FinTech) for consumers and firms. The first chapter studies whether, in the consumer credit market, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms serve as substitutes for banks or instead as complements. I develop a conceptual framework and derive testable predictions to distinguish between these two possibilities. Using a regulatory change as an exogenous shock to bank credit supply, I find that P2P lending is a substitute for bank lending in terms of serving infra-marginal bank borrowers yet complements bank lending with respect to small loans. These results indicate that the credit expansion resulting from P2P lending likely occurs only among borrowers who already have access to bank credit.    This second chapter focuses on the potential cost of FinTech --- privacy intrusion. In particular, I study the value of privacy, for individuals, using data from large-scale field experiments that vary disclosure requirements for loan applicants and loan terms on an online peer-to-peer lending platform in China. I find that loan applicants attach positive value to personal data: Lower disclosure requirements significantly increase the rate at which applications are completed. I quantify the monetary value of personal data— and the welfare effect of various disclosure policies—by developing a structural model that links individuals’ disclosure, borrowing, and repayment decisions. Using detailed application-level data, I estimate that social network ID and employer contact are valued at 230 RMB (i.e., $33, or 70% of the average daily salary in China); for successful borrowers, this accounts for 8% of the average net present value of a loan. Requiring answers to these application questions reduces borrower welfare by 13% and costs the platform $0.50 in expected revenue per applicant.    In the last chapter, I turn to investigate the benefit of FinTech for firms. This chapter is in collaboration with Paul Beaumont (McGill University), AnneSophie Lawniczak (Banque de France), and Eric Vansteenberghe (Paris School of Economics). We evaluate the tradeoff for small business between borrowing from crowd-funding platforms and traditional banks. To do so, we link the universe of Fintech SME loans in France to the credit registry at Banque de France (the French central bank) to obtain a comprehensive credit history of SMEs borrowing from Fintech platforms. The main finding is that following a successful Fintech loan application, SMEs experience a significant increase in bank credit. This result is robust to the inclusion of a control group of SMEs with successful bank loan applications. Importantly, the increase in bank credit is only present for long-term categories, which require collateral. This suggests that FinTech platforms may expand credit access for SMEs by relaxing their collateral constraints. 

Key words: FinTech, financial intermediation, consumer credit, SMEs 

IMAGES

  1. (PDF) FinTech: A threat or an opportunity? A perspective on the impact

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COMMENTS

  1. PDF The Evolution of FinTech in Emerging Markets:

    The reason why this thesis focuses on FinTech in the emerging markets context and in the specific area of finance, remittances, is partly due to my personal life experiences. I come from Ethiopia, a Sub-Saharan country where remittance costs are the highest globally. I have experienced challenges related to remittances firsthand.

  2. Fintech Dissertation Topics

    Introduction: Fintech, short for financial technology, is a rapidly-growing industry that focuses on using technology to improve the efficiency of traditional banking and financial services. Fintech companies specialise in developing software and other tools that automate banking processes and make it easier for businesses and individuals to ...

  3. PDF HOW FINTECH INDUSTRY IS CHANGING THE WORLD

    The research method used in this thesis utilized both the literature study and the empirical research using credible data sources, such as the financial reports and expert analysis. The literature study fo-cused on the conceptual theories as well as the historical facts and figures.

  4. PDF Essays on FinTech and Machine Learning in Finance

    Financial Technology (FinTech) has been increasingly replacing bank lending in credit markets. In the U.S., the market share of FinTech mortgage lending increased from 2% in 2010 to 8% in 2016. FinTech lenders provide efficient and convenient services to borrowers. They use machine learning techniques to process online loan applications,

  5. PDF The Future of Finance: the Potential for The United States to Harness

    As the central topic of this thesis, we must first understand fintech. The term fintech describes the digitization of financial services and has become a central pillar of financial activity in the 21st century. The vast majority all financial startups are fintech companies and established legacy financial institutions are investing millions of ...

  6. PDF Essays on Fintech, Finance, and Development Economics

    My dissertation greatly benefits from discussion with my advisors Andrei Shleifer, Kenneth Rogoff, and Robin Greenwood. I greatly appreciate the academic freedom at Harvard Economics Department so that I can explore a wide range of topics in finance, technology, and development economics. Yang You Harvard University April 15th, 2020

  7. Essays on Fintech, Finance, and Development Economics

    A simple portfolio choice model elucidates several predictions we find in the data. Price deviations rise when 1) perceptions of institutional failures grow, 2) crypto-trading frictions increase, and 3) cryptocurrency prices rally. These price responses are stronger in countries where people express more distrust in others.

  8. Essays on financial technologies

    The four essays contained herein this study focus on recently emerged questions in the field of Financial Technology (FinTech). This new finance domain has a growing importance in the finance discipline, policy, and practice. The FinTech is the common theme, while the thesis is organised to investigate the open questions separately in the essays.

  9. Bank investment in FinTech firms: strategies and value effects

    This thesis attempts to investigate the entry and exit strategy of banks for the FinTech industry in terms of FinTech sectors, entry modes, and partnership types and measure the market reactions to provide the value effects over the investment period. Using a novel and hand-collected investment dataset in FinTechs by the top 300 banks worldwide ...

  10. Essays on FinTech and Machine Learning in Finance

    Abstract. My dissertation investigates the economic driving forces behind financial technologies adoption and examines how financial technologies could contribute to more efficient, equitable, and inclusive financial markets. In chapter one, I study the role of trust in incumbent lenders (banks) as an entry barrier to emerging FinTech lenders ...

  11. PDF The Influence of FinTech on Financial Sector and Economic ...

    1 Introduction. Financial technology (FinTech) has brought innovation into the delivery of banking and financial services in recent times [1]. Its rapid growth is the reason for which academics as well as industries players, seek for inquiry into the modus operandi of the Fintech ecosystem [2]. There is increased demand for Fintech services ...

  12. Factors driving financial inclusion and financial performance in

    Fintech new ventures: An empirical study Miguel Angel SORIANO Singapore Management University, [email protected] ... This PhD Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and ...

  13. A Phenomenon-driven Exploration of Regulatory Sandboxes in FinTech

    This doctoral dissertation addresses these gaps. In addition to the empirical exploration of regulatory sandboxes, an ecosystem perspective to entrepreneurship is adopted to understand how interactions among ecosystem actors contribute to new ventures in the FinTech context that hosts sandboxes. Conceptually, this study also reviews the ...

  14. PDF The Myth of Financial Inclusion through FinTech: Focusing on the

    FinTech: Focusing on the Digital Credit Industry in Kenya Minjin Kim Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of International Development Submitted October 2022 This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults

  15. PDF A Case Study of FinTech in Banking; A Comparison of the Developing and

    A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration in Accounting, Finance, and the Honors ... FinTech firms and banks and have also examined the demographics and locations targeted by FinTech firms. This study analyzes the performance of the stock of two

  16. Investigating the determinants and growth of financial technology depth

    Fintech's adoption and its actual usefulness. This study seeks to measure Fintech's usefulness, its growth and identify its determinants in a panel of three emerging, ... from my PhD thesis which I have successfully com-pleted. Some have been published while others are still under review. My areas of research interest are

  17. PDF Behavioral Finance in Fintech: Biases & Opinions

    FinTech Dissertation | 7 Portugal, the overall adoption of fintechs is still quite quaint, and specifically in the Savings & Investments sector, only a small percentage of consumers have experienced the technology. Therefore, the concept of this thesis is the proposal of a Behavioral Finance tool that

  18. Essays on Fintech, Finance, and Development Economics

    Essays on Fintech, Finance, and Development Economics. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The first chapter uses violations of the law of one price of Bitcoin to uncover sources of demand for cryptocurrency. In line with Hayek, we show that distrust breeds demand.

  19. PhD programme

    PhD in Digital Financial Technology Financial technology (abbreviated as FinTech) refers to a broad spectrum of the technology and innovation of financial services. Examples of FinTech innovations include (mobile) payment solutions, cryptocurrency, smart contract, credit analytics, P2P lending and crowd-funding, robo-advisor, algorithmic trading, and various financial data analytics innovations.

  20. PDF Potential Fintech research topics.

    Social implications of Fintech . Textual analysis of financial data Novel theories and tools for digital assets and their valuation, risk analysis, and management Blockchain and tools for cryptocurrency . Visualization of big data financial systems Complex financial technology and socio-economic problems and networks

  21. fintech PhD Projects, Programmes & Scholarships

    The role of social capital and the application of financial technology. University of Portsmouth Faculty of Business and Law. Applications are invited for a self-funded, 3 year full-time or 6 year part-time PhD project. The PhD will be based in the School of Accounting, Economics and Finance and will be supervised by Professor Jia Liu and Dr ...

  22. PDF Assessment of the effectiveness of Fintech on banking digitalisation

    Fintech on banking digitalisation efforts in Uganda Written by: Tapiwanashe James Museba Doctoral Dissertation: DETAILS Author Name: Tapiwanashe James ... years. Thank you for your love and understanding. This dissertation is dedicated to my late parents who always believed in me and taught me the value of education and the importance of a ...

  23. PhD Thesis Defense, Huan Tang, Finance

    Johan Hombert Associate Professor, HEC Paris, Supervisor. Abstract: This three-chapter thesis investigates the benefit and cost of financial technology (FinTech) for consumers and firms. The first chapter studies whether, in the consumer credit market, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms serve as substitutes for banks or instead as complements.