lachit borphukan essay in bengali language

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Lachit Borphukan

Lachit Borphukan was a general of the Ahom Kingdom whose army he led successfully in resisting the imperial expansion of the Mughal Empire in the late 1600s. 

To this day he is remembered for his bravery and leadership in the face insurmountable odds.

This article will give details about Lachit Borphukan within the context of the Civil Services Examination .

Background of Lachit Borphukan

Lachit Borphukan was born on 24 November 1622 to Momai Tamuli Borbarua and Kunti Moran. His father was the commander-in-chief of the Ahom army. The Ahom kingdom was located in the Brahmaputra valley of eastern India. It was first established in 1228. The kingdom was repeatedly assailed upon by Turkic and Afghan rulers of the Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire

The Mughal-Ahom conflict first began in 1615 and continued afterwards. It was in this backdrop  Lachit grew up in. Upon completing his education in humanities and military strategies, Lachit was given the responsibility of serving as the Soladhara Barua (scarf-bearer) a modern-day equivalent of a private secretary to the Ahom King. He held other important positions such as Superintendent of the Stable of Royal Horses and Superintendent of the Royal Household guards before being appointed as the commander of the Ahom Army.

By the time of Lachit Borphukan’s appointment as commander, the Mughals had occupied Guwahati and had forced the Ahom’s to sign the humiliating peace treaty of  Treaty of Ghilajharighat in 1663 which imposed harsh conditions on the Ahom kingdom. King  Chakradhwaj Singha resolved to rid the entire region from Mughal occupation, a will that would be carried out by Lachit Borphukan.

Battle of Saraighat

Lachit raised the army and preparations were completed by summer of 1667. His army successfully retook Guwahati from the Mughal forces. Emperor Aurangzeb (born on November 3, 1618 ) after being informed of the defeat at Guwahati sent an expeditionary force from Dhaka under Ram Singh. Due to the numerical and technological inferiority of the Ahom forces, Lachit resorted to guerilla tactics which successfully withered away from the Mughal army.

Knowing fully well that Ahom forces would easily be defeated if their commander was removed, Ram Singh resorted to subterfuge. An arrow carrying a letter by Ram Sing was fired into the Ahom Camp. It later reached Chakradhwaj Singha. The letter stated that Lachit had been paid 1 lakh rupees to evacuated Guwahati. Furious that his commander was allegedly in negotiations with the enemy, the king started doubting his sincerity, but his prime minister Atan Buragohain convinced him that this was a trick by the Mughals to make Chakradwaj Singh dismiss the commander who successfully fought the Mughals so far.

Having exhausted all avenues Ram Singh made his way to Guhawati with a naval flotilla sailing upwards of the Brahmaputra river in 1671. He came upon an Ahom flotilla led by Lachit Borphukan himself near Saraighat. Once again outnumbered and outgunned in open space, the Ahom soldiers began to lose their will to fight. Some elements began to retreat and seeing this Lachit boarded a boat himself to rally his troops. Offered to be taken to safety by one of his troops, Lachit furiously threw some of them into the water bodily despite being severely ill, loudly proclaiming that he would “die fulfilling his duty to his king and country, even if it meant he had to do it by himself”. Inspired, Lachit’s soldiers rallied and a desperate battle ensured on the river Brahmaputra.

Read more about the Battle of Saraighat, 1671 in the linked article.

Lachit Borphukan was victorious. The Mughals were forced to retreat from Guwahati. The Mughals were pursued to the Manas river, the Ahom kingdom’s western boundary. The Borphukan instructed his men not to attack the retreating army. 

Lachit Borphukan would die in 1672. His remains lie in rest at the Lachit Maidaam constructed in the same year by King Udayaditya Singha at Hoolungapara 16 km from Jorhat.

This would not be the end of Mughal incursions into Ahom territory as the Mughals would take Guwahati in 1679, retaining it until 1682 when the Ahoms would permanently end the prolonged Ahom-Mughal conflict.

Legacy of Lachit Borphukan

On 24 November each year, Lachit Divas is celebrated statewide in Assam to commemorate the heroism of Lachit Borphukan and the victory of the Assamese army at the Battle of Saraighat.

Lachit Divas is celebrated to promote the ideals of Lachit Borphukan – the legendary general of Assam’s history.

The best cadet from the National Defence Academy is awarded the Lachit Borphukan gold medal. It was first instituted in 1999 following an announcement by General VP Malik saying the medal would inspire defence personnel to emulate Barphukan’s heroism and sacrifices.

Lachit Borphukan – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here

Frequently Asked Questions about Lachit Borphukan

What is lachit borphukan known for, how did lachit borphukan win the battle of saraighat.

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Lachit Borphukan: Assam’s Great General

• AUTHOR Team LHI
• PUBLISHED 23 February 2018

The very name Assam, with its roots in the word Asama or invincible, denotes how this land held its own, though most of India’s medieval history. Ruled by the powerful Ahoms for 600 years from the mid 13th century, the Mughals couldn’t touch Assam. In fact, it was here that they suffered their most embarrassing defeat.

The year was 1671 and the decisive battle of Saraighat was fought on the raging waters of the Brahmaputra. On one side was Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb's army headed by Ram Singh of Amer (Jaipur) and on the other was the Ahom General Lachit Borphukan, who made his way into history books that year. Details of his spectacular victory were meticulously captured in a ‘ Buranji ’ the official chronicles of the Ahom kings, maintained through their reigns. It gives us a vivid picture of what happened over 350 years ago.

The Story of Lachit Borphukan's Triumph: The Background

To understand the story of Lachit Borphukan’s triumph over the Mughals, it is important to get some context of the history, geography and politics of Assam. The kingdom of Assam comprised of a stretch of land 600 miles wide, along the banks of Brahmaputra river. It was surrounded by high hills and thick forests. The capital was at Garhgaon in present-day Eastern Assam, while a viceroy known as Borphukan administered from Guwahati. Thick forests, rivulets and the tough terrain meant that they were hardly any roads. All transport, as well as trade, took place over the river Brahmaputra. It was the lifeline and so the entire length of the Brahmaputra was protected by a series of powerful forts.

The Ahom kingdom was established in 1228 CE, by Chao Lung Siu-Ka-Pha from a Shan tribe from Yunnan, China. In fact, both the dynasty’s name ‘ Ahom ’ as well as the region’s name ‘ Assam ’ comes from the word ‘ Asama ’ or invincible, a local name for this mighty tribe which ruled here for almost 600 years. The Ahoms ruled a rich land. The Brahmaputra valley was rich in timber and elephants and so under constant attack.

Assam was invaded several times by the armies of the Delhi Sultanate in the 16th century with no success. The only invader, who managed to conquer some parts of Assam was the Mughal Governor of Bengal Mir Jumla who had occupied large parts of the Ahom kingdom including Guwahati and the capital, Garhgaon. Yet, within five years, the Ahoms took back control of most of the lost territories.

In August 1667, the Ahom general Lachit Borphukan had recaptured Guwahati. This outraged Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and he sent the Mughal commander Ram Singh of Amer (Jaipur) with a large force in what would be the last Mughal attempt to conquer Assam.

How the Saraighat Battle was Won

The details of the battle that ensued come to us from the Ahom court chronicles, the ‘Buranjis’. In ‘ Ram Singhar Yudhar Katha ’ written by Achutyananda Doloi, the astrologer-in-chief to the reigning Ahom King of the time and later reproduced by historian SK Bhuyan in the book ‘ Lachit Barphukan and his times ’, one gets a vivid picture.

In 1670, the Mughals under Ram Singh’s army comprising of 21 Rajput chiefs, 30,000 infantry and 18,000 Turkish cavalry, marched towards Guwahati through the Brahmaputra river.

Within Guwahati, Lachit was well prepared for the Mughal army and geography helped. The heavily forested and fortified hills surrounding Guwahati provided a ring of defence spanning 25 square miles. Moreover, the fortifications of Guwahati were surrounded by hidden ditches with bamboo pikes, to impale enemy cavalry. The unsuspecting and ill-prepared Mughal army marched into the war zone of Guwahati almost unopposed. They attributed it to Assamese cowardice, without realising the counter plan.

Once in, they became a complacent and easy prey to the planned guerrilla attacks of Lachit and his men. The Ahoms would attack only at night and then retreat immediately. There was even an instance when the Ahom army entered the Mughal camp walking out with all the silverware, they found! So harassed was Ram Singh that he sent off a letter to Lachit demanding he stop these attacks at night, To which Lachit is said to have replied ‘It must be remembered that Lions fight at night.’

Guerilla attacks were part of larger psychological warfare that Lachit and his men planned and the Mughal army was flummoxed by what it witnessed. Rumours were spread claiming that the Ahom army fought at night because it had rakshasas or demons. When the Mughal army head Ram Singh refused to believe this and demanded proof, Lachit is also said to have sent men dressed like demons into the Mughal camp to convince him!

– The Ahom army would attack at night and once even entered the Mughal camp, walking out with all the silverware, they found!

Demoralized and ill-prepared, the Mughal army even tried to make peace on ground, only to be thwarted by the Emperor Aurangzeb who was adamant to destroy the Ahoms.

The final battle was fought in early 1671 when the Mughals made a desperate attempt to break through the fortifications. Lachit who was ill at that time is said to have heroically gotten out of his sickbed, and rowed his boat straight at the enemy. This the chroniclers say, galvanized the Ahom army to such a frenzy that the Mughal forces were annihilated

The battle, which would become known as the battle of Saraighat, was fought on the Brahmaputra. Ahom boats a built an unpenetrable fortification on water placing their boats in a row, one after the other across the breath of the river. The whole of stretch of Bramhaputra flowing through Guwahati between Kamakhya, Itakhuli and Aswakranta became littered with boats and dead bodies. The Mughal flotilla was completely smashed and the Mughal admiral Munawwar Khan shot dead. It was a complete and decisive victory for the Ahoms.

This battle of Saraighat came to be immortalised in Assamese literature and even today, you will find a small village called ‘Sarai’ on the banks of the Brahmaputra where the battle was fought.

Lachit Borphukan of an unknown illness died a year later in April 1672 at the age of fifty. As a mark of respect, the Ahom King Udayaditya Singh built a memorial in his honour in Jorhat, 305 km east of Guwahati. Ram Singh returned to Delhi in disgrace.

– This battle of Saraighat is immortalized in Assamese literature

And after the victory at Saraighat, the Ahom kings ruled Assam for over 150 years more, that is till the annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1826.

Today, Lachit Borphukan is revered as the greatest military hero of Assam. In 1999, the then Chief of the Indian Army General VP Malik instituted the annual Lachit Borphukan Gold Medal Award for the best cadet of National Defence Academy (NDA). And in 2016, a 35 ft high status of Lachit and his men was inaugurated in the middle of the Brahmaputra, at the scene of his great victory, still so proudly remembered. Each year on 24th November,

Lachit Divas (Lachit Day) is a regional public holiday in the Indian state of Assam, observed on November 24th each year.

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Lachit borphukan: the valiant warrior of assam.

“Could it be that there is no fit man in Your Majesty’s realm? What are the enemies? They are after all ordinary mortals. Shall we not find similar men in our own country? Your Majesty should only confer the dust of your feet, and the man equal to the occasion will be readily found.”

-Lachit Dolakasharia Barua (Lachit Borphukan) so addressed the King at the court of Ahom Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha.

Lachit: A Saga of Victory

Born on 24 November 1622 in Charaideo, Assam, Lachit was the youngest son of Sukuti (popularly called Momai-tamuli), Assam’s General in the Ahom-Mughal wars during the reign of Mughal Emperors Jahangir and Shah Jahan. Ruled by the Swargadeo (King), the Ahom Kingdom (1228 CE-1826 CE) was administered by five highly designated officials called the Patra Mantris or Council of Ministers. The Borphukan was one of them.

Sukuti (Momai-tamuli) faced a lot of hardships and initially served under his nephew for a total of four rupees. The nephew used to address him as Momai (maternal uncle). Swargadeo Pratap Singha (1603 CE-1641 CE), on coming to know about Sukuti’s sincerity and dedication towards his duties, appointed him as Bar-tamuli or Superintendent of the royal gardens. Momai-tamuli steadily rose in position until he was appointed Barbarua , which essentially combined the functions of the Chief Executive Officer and those of the Lord Chief Justice of the land. During the early battles with the Mughals, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Ahom forces. His vigilance and bravery used to be a great asset to Swargadeo Pratap Singha. A Mughal messenger once commented to his master, “O Saheb, what do you say of Assam? The King is a veritable Mahadeva and Momai-tamuli is Mahadeva’s Chief henchman or Nandi. As long as these two wield the affairs of Assam, it is impossible to turn your face to that country.” This remarkable sense of dedication to work, loyalty, and respect for his master made Momai-tamuli rise to power and prominence.

Lachit inherited this supreme sense of responsibility and dedication from his father. From a very young age, Lachit saw and listened to everything that occurred in his father’s official residence. Being a Barbarua, Momai-tamuli had the usual retinue of subordinate officials helping him with the running of the state affairs, taking decisions regarding revenue and judicial complaints, receiving foreign messengers, and dealing with the problems of state diplomacy.

It was normal for the families of Ahom nobles to appoint efficient teachers for the education of their sons. Pandits and intellectuals who imparted knowledge on statesmanship based on the Ahom classics as well as the Hindu Dandanities and Arthasasthras and taught the history of the country and the administrative system, were regularly consulted. Military training was integral to the education of noble families. Every officer, even a judge as well as a priest had to take up arms in times of emergency.

Ahom Royal Palace (Kareng Ghar), Gargaon. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

Lachit began his career as the scarf-bearer of the Premier, a position equivalent to that of a private secretary. It was considered the first step in the career of an ambitious diplomat and politician. Being a scarf-bearer, he had to carry a bundle of betel nuts and important documents for his master. He also had access to the royal audience and cabinet meetings. Lachit held various offices throughout his career. Initially, he served as the Ghora Barua or Superintendent of the Royal Horses. Later he was appointed as the Dolakasharia Barua or Superintendent of the Guards. Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha (1663 CE-1670 CE), soon after becoming the King, appointed Lachit as the Commander-in-Chief and the Borphukan. The position of Borphukan had both executive and judicial powers, and had jurisdiction over the Ahom Kingdom, west of the Kaliabor river. The Borphukan was also responsible for maintaining diplomatic relations with Bengal and Bhutan.

Lachit Borphukan and the Battle of Saraighat

Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha appointed Lachit as the Commander-in-Chief of the Ahom forces at a crucial period amidst the ongoing Ahom-Mughal conflict. Chakradhwaj Singha refused to pay the full instalment to the Mughals agreed upon in the Treaty of Ghilajharighat, signed in 1663 CE by his predecessor Swargadeo Jayadhwaj Singha. He rather instructed Lachit Borphukan to prepare his army to fight the Mughals. Lachit completed his preparations by the summer of 1667 CE, and his army recaptured Guwahati, which was previously occupied by the Mughal forces. In December 1667, the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, sent a huge force to Guwahati under the command of Raja Ram Singh of Amber, to re-establish Mughal authority. The news of the departure of Raja Ram Singh and his army from Delhi was promptly communicated to Lachit Borphukan through his spies. Lachit, aware of the numerical and technological strength of the Mughal army, immediately initiated a survey of Guwahati to make it into a war zone. Guwahati, located on the banks of the river Brahmaputra and surrounded by hills from all sides, was strategically crucial for the Ahoms. Lachit realised that the fortifications of Guwahati must be secured to safely accommodate their men and resources. Prime Minister Atan Buagohain was appointed by the King to erect and maintain the necessary fortifications on both banks of the River Brahmaputra. Lachit Borphukan had to ensure that all his forces were equipped with sufficient resources to sustain the attack. He even inspected the passes and defiles in the neighbourhood of Guwahati. The sense of vigilance and courage shown by Lachit Borphukan in his capacity as Commander-in-Chief was incredible.

View of Guwahati city from the Brahmaputra

The core of Ram Singh’s army consisted of 21 Rajput Chiefs, 4000 troopers, 1500 gentlemen troopers, and 500 artillerymen, and with reinforcements from Bengal, the strength of his army increased to 30,000 infantry, 18000 Turkish cavalry and 15000 archers. Lachit Borphukan received reports of the Mughal army advancing towards Guwahati, and he personally verified the reports by surveying their position. It is said that tears rolled down his cheeks when he said to himself, “It is a tragedy that my country is facing this dire catastrophe during my Phukanship. How will my King be saved? How will my people be saved? And how will my posterity be saved?” However, he did not let this break his spirit. He was determined to defend his motherland to the end. Lachit was aware that the Mughals were inexperienced in naval battles and wanted to take advantage of it. He surveyed and identified a triangular region called Andharubali in Guwahati, (it connects Nilachal hill and Itakhuli hill on the southern bank, and Aswakranta hill on the northern bank of the Brahmaputra) to be the most convenient site to fight a naval battle. In February 1669 CE, Raja Ram Singh’s army reached the frontier garrison of Rangamati. Lachit Borphukan, in order to lure the invaders into the war zone of Guwahati, (the land surrounded by hills on all sides with forts and garrisons at regular intervals), despatched three officers towards the Manaha river to entice the enemy into the neighbourhood of Guwahati.

Statues depicting the preparations of the Ahom army. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons.

As the fortifications of Guwahati were further strengthened, Lachit Borphukan did not spare anyone who did not execute his orders.

It is said that Lachit assigned his own maternal uncle with the responsibility of constructing a rampart near Amingaon on the north bank of the Brahmaputra. However, his uncle was unable to complete the work within the specified time. An incensed Lachit executed his uncle for such a careless attitude. His words, “My uncle is not greater than my country” showed his priorities.

Site map of the Battle of Saraighat. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

In 1670 CE, Swargadeo Udayaditya Singha succeeded to the throne following the death of Chakradhwaj Singha. In 1671 CE, the Mughal army led by Raja Ram Singh made its way to Guwahati with a naval flotilla sailing upstream of the Brahmaputra. The Mughal army unable to use the roadways due to fortifications, took the riverway to enter Guwahati. As soon as they were about to land at Andharubali , the Ahom land and naval forces were ordered to attack the Mughals. Lachit Borphukan was on his sickbed when the Mughals entered Guwahati. He was monitoring the movements of the enemy from the top of his gatehouse on Itakhuli hill. He observed that the Ahom army had started retreating after losing confidence in the face of the massive Mughal force. He immediately boarded his boat which was accompanied by six other war vessels, and headed towards the site of the naval battle. Borphukan exclaimed, “His majesty has given me the supreme command of the army here and placed at my disposal vast stores of provisions so that I may fight with the enemy. Should I now desert the fight and revert to the embraces of my wives and children? How dare these serfs of boatmen venture to row up the boats without my orders!” Seeing their angry chief, the Ahom army decided to fight back and faced the enemy with renewed courage and confidence. With courage and astute warfare tactics they finally defeated the Mughals near Saraighat, an area on the south bank of the river near the Pandu port. The Mughal army was forced to retreat from Guwahati. They were pursued to the river Manas, which was on the western boundary of the Ahom Kingdom.

Saraighat, Guwahati

Raja Ram Singh, at the end of the battle, hailed the courage and skill of the Ahom army saying, “Every Assamese soldier is an expert in rowing boats, in shooting arrows, in digging trenches, and in wielding guns and cannon. I have not seen such specimens of versatility in any other part of India.” He is further said to have exclaimed with astonishment after experiencing the valour and vigilance of Lachit, “Glory to the King! Glory to the counsellors! Glory to the commanders! Glory to the country! One single individual leads all the forces! Even I, Ram Singh, being personally on the spot, have not been able to find any loophole and opportunity.”

The joy of victory of the Ahom army in the battle of Saraighat diminished with the news of Lachit Borphukan’s death soon after the battle. Though he had a high fever while leading his army in the battle, it was his unsurpassed dedication and patriotism that empowered him to fight the enemies to protect his motherland for future generations. Borphukan died in 1672 at Holongapar in Jorhat. In 1672, Swargadeo Udayaditya Singha, as a mark of respect and remembrance to the legendary Commander-in-Chief, constructed the Lachit Maidam at Hoolungapara.

Statue depicting the Battle of Saraighat. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

Lachit Maidam, Jorhat. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

A stone pillar found at Guwahati has the following inscription in Sanskrit, “The Borphukan of Namjani [Lower Assam], son of the Barbarua, lived with glory in the Saka year 1589 [1667 A.D.] after having attained victory over the Yavanas [Muslims] who were equipped with various war-weapons, elephants, horses and captains. The person of the Borphukan is adorned with every ornament, and his heart is enlightened with a knowledge of the various branches of learning. He is beautified by attractive qualities which are also free from the evils of the Kali-yuga. The Borphukan shines effulgent in his prowess; and is the commander of elephants, horses and soldiers. He is the ocean or receptacle of the highest form of fortitude, self-respect, valour, and depth of judgement and gravity.

Sculpture depicting the naval battle of Saraighat. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

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Lachit Borphukan: The Unsung Hero of Assam

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Lachit Borphukan: The Valiant Warrior of Assam

Lachit Borphukan was a remarkable leader who defended his homeland from the mighty Mughal empire in the 17th century. He is celebrated as a hero and a symbol of Assamese pride and identity. In this blog, we will explore his life, his achievements, and his legacy.

Who was Lachit Borphukan?

Lachit Borphukan was born on 24th November 1622 in Charaideo, Assam. He was the youngest son of Momai Tamuli Barbarua, a general and a minister in the Ahom kingdom. The Ahom kingdom was established by the Tai people who migrated from present-day Myanmar and China in the 13th century. They ruled over most of the Brahmaputra valley and parts of present-day Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, and Manipur for six centuries.

Lachit received a comprehensive education in statecraft, history, military tactics, and culture from his father and other teachers. He also learned Sanskrit, Persian, and Arabic languages. He showed great promise as a soldier and an administrator and rose through the ranks of the Ahom bureaucracy. He served as a Ghora Barua (cavalry officer), a Dulia Barua (river officer), a Simalugiria Phukan (governor of Simaluguri), and a Dolakasharia Barua (chief revenue officer).

What was the Battle of Saraighat?

The Battle of Saraighat was the decisive clash between the Ahom kingdom and the Mughal empire in 1671. It was the culmination of a long series of conflicts that started in 1615 when the Mughals invaded Assam under Emperor Jahangir. The Mughals wanted to expand their territory and control the lucrative trade routes along the Brahmaputra river. The Ahoms resisted fiercely and fought back with guerrilla warfare and diplomacy.

The Mughals made several attempts to conquer Assam but failed to subdue the Ahoms. The most notable invasion was led by Mir Jumla II, the governor of Bengal, in 1662-63. He captured Guwahati, the strategic gateway to Assam, and forced the Ahom king Jayadhwaj Singha to sign a humiliating treaty that ceded territory and imposed tribute. Mir Jumla died soon after due to illness and his army retreated.

The Ahoms took advantage of the situation and launched a counter-attack under King Chakradhwaj Singha in 1667. They recaptured Guwahati and other areas from the Mughals with the help of Lachit Borphukan, who was appointed as the Borphukan (viceroy) of Lower Assam and the commander-in-chief of the Ahom army.

The Mughals were not willing to give up their claim on Assam and sent another large army under Raja Ram Singh I, a Rajput general and a son-in-law of Emperor Aurangzeb, in 1669. Ram Singh had about 30,000 soldiers, 15,000 cavalry, 30 elephants, and a large fleet of boats. He also had allies from Koch Bihar, Cachar, Manipur, and some local chieftains.

Lachit Borphukan had about 10,000 soldiers, 4,000 cavalry, 500 elephants, and a smaller fleet of boats. He also had allies from Garo hills, Naga hills, Kachari kingdom, Tipam kingdom, and some local chieftains.

The two armies met at Saraighat, a narrow stretch of the Brahmaputra river near Guwahati. The battle lasted for several months and involved land and naval engagements. Lachit Borphukan displayed extraordinary courage, skill, and leadership in defending his position against overwhelming odds. He motivated his soldiers with inspiring speeches and personal examples. He also devised ingenious strategies to counter the Mughal tactics.

One of the most famous incidents of the battle was when Lachit Borphukan beheaded his own uncle for neglecting his duty at a critical juncture. He declared that his father’s son was not greater than his motherland.

Another remarkable incident was when Lachit Borphukan himself led a daring night attack on the Mughal camp despite being severely ill. He disguised himself as a Mughal soldier and infiltrated their ranks with a small group of men. He then set fire to their boats and tents and created panic among them.

The final blow to the Mughal army came when Lachit Borphukan launched a massive assault on their fleet with his own boats. He used fire arrows, gunpowder, and explosives to destroy their ships and force them to retreat. The Mughals suffered heavy casualties and lost most of their equipment and supplies.

The Battle of Saraighat was a glorious victory for the Ahoms and a humiliating defeat for the Mughals. It marked the end of the Mughal ambitions in Assam and secured the Ahom sovereignty for another century.

What was the significance of the victory?

The victory of Lachit Borphukan in the Battle of Saraighat was not only a military triumph but also a cultural and political assertion. It demonstrated the resilience and valor of the Ahom people who fought for their freedom and dignity against a powerful invader. It also showcased the diversity and unity of the Assamese society that comprised of various ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups who joined hands to defend their common homeland.

The victory of Lachit Borphukan also had a wider impact on the history of India. It prevented the Mughals from extending their empire to the east and south-east of India. It also inspired other regional powers such as the Marathas, the Sikhs, and the Rajputs to resist the Mughal domination and assert their autonomy.

What is the legacy of Lachit Borphukan?

Lachit Borphukan is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Assam. He is remembered for his bravery, patriotism, and sacrifice. He is honored with various monuments, statues, awards, and institutions named after him. His birth anniversary on 24th November is celebrated as Lachit Divas in Assam.

Lachit Borphukan is also recognized as one of the greatest generals in Indian history. He is compared with other legendary warriors such as Shivaji, Rana Pratap, Guru Gobind Singh, and Maharana Pratap. He is admired for his military genius, strategic vision, and ethical values.

Lachit Borphukan is a source of inspiration and pride for all Indians who value their freedom and identity. He is a symbol of courage, loyalty, and devotion to one’s motherland.

I hope you enjoyed reading this blog on Lachit Borphukan. If you want to know more about him, you can check out these references:

• Lachit Borphukan – Wikipedia
• Lachit Borphukan: The Valiant Warrior of Assam – Indian Culture
• The heroism of Lachit Borphukan, legendary Ahom general and proud symbol of Assamese identity – Indian Express

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• Sunday, April 14, 2024
• Famous People

Lachit Barphukan Essay: The Warrior Legend of Assam’s Resilience and Valor

Introduction: lachit barphukan essay.

Throughout history, certain individuals rise to become symbols of courage, leadership, and unwavering patriotism. Among them, Lachit Barphukan’s name stands tall, resonating across time as a heroic figure whose indomitable spirit and strategic brilliance have left an indelible mark on India’s historical landscape. Lachit Barphukan’s name is synonymous with bravery, determination, and resolute leadership that played a pivotal role in safeguarding Assam from foreign invasions during the 17th century.

Early Life and the Making of a Warrior

Born in 1622 in the Ahom kingdom of Assam, Lachit Barphukan exhibited remarkable traits of leadership and dedication from an early age. His profound commitment to Assam’s sovereignty caught the attention of the Ahom rulers, propelling him into the ranks of the military elite. Lachit’s journey from his youth to becoming a warrior was marked by unwavering loyalty, tactical genius, and an unyielding determination to shield his land from external threat.

Table of Contents

Ahom kingdom and its historical context.

Nestled in the northeastern region of India, the Ahom kingdom was a diverse realm of various cultures, ethnicities, and landscapes. The strategic location of Assam made it susceptible to invasions, and during Lachit Barphukan’s time, the region faced the looming threat of Mughal incursions. Amidst these challenges, Lachit rose to prominence as a guardian of Assam’s cultural identity and territorial integrity.

The Battle of Saraighat: A Pivotal Turning Point

One of the defining chapters in Lachit Barphukan’s saga is the Battle of Saraighat. In 1671, the Mughal forces, led by Ram Singh I, set their sights on annexing Assam. Lachit, now the commander of the Ahom army, found himself facing seemingly insurmountable odds. With limited resources and a smaller army, he displayed remarkable strategic acumen and unwavering resolve.

The Ingenious Strategy of Lachit

Lachit’s leadership during the Battle of Saraighat showcased his tactical brilliance. Recognizing the Mughals’ naval supremacy, he devised an ingenious strategy involving a fleet of small boats, swift maneuvers, and unyielding determination. This unconventional approach caught the Mughals off guard, leading to a resounding victory for the Ahom forces. The Battle of Saraighat stands as a testament to Lachit’s ability to think beyond conventions, adapt to evolving circumstances, and guide his troops to triumph against all odds.

The Eternal Flame of Patriotism

Lachit Barphukan’s actions were driven by an unwavering love for his homeland. His dedication to Assam’s cause epitomized the essence of patriotism. His words and deeds echo through history, reminding us that true leaders prioritize the welfare of their people and the security of their land above personal gains. Lachit’s unwavering patriotism continues to inspire generations, teaching us that authentic heroism lies in the selfless pursuit of the greater good.

Legacy and Commemoration

Lachit Barphukan’s legacy continues to thrive in the hearts and minds of the Assamese people. His undying spirit and commitment to the land have earned him an esteemed place in Assam’s cultural heritage. Monuments, memorials, and celebrations like Lachit Divas uphold his contributions and serve as enduring reminders of his legacy. Lachit Borphukan’s Maidam, a memorial erected in his honor, stands as a symbol of his sacrifice and valor.

Lachit’s Cultural Impact

Lachit Barphukan’s legacy isn’t confined to history books; it resonates throughout Assamese culture and society. His life story has inspired countless songs, folktales, and artistic expressions that celebrate his bravery and patriotism. The values he embodied – courage, resilience, and unwavering dedication to one’s homeland – continue to shape the ethical foundation of Assam.

Timeless Lessons

Lachit Barphukan’s life and legacy offer timeless lessons. In an era where challenges and conflicts persist, his story underscores the significance of unity, leadership, and determination in the face of adversity. The Battle of Saraighat teaches us that innovation, adaptability, and strategic thinking are pivotal in overcoming formidable odds.

Conclusion: Lachit Barphukan’s Enduring Flame

Lachit Barphukan’s life stands as a testament to the power of an individual’s will and determination. His unwavering commitment to Assam’s sovereignty, his strategic brilliance, and his unyielding courage make him a timeless source of inspiration. His legacy continues to shine brightly, reminding us that true heroes are forged in the crucible of challenges and that their stories serve as guiding lights for generations to come. Lachit Barphukan’s name will forever remain synonymous with valor, resilience, and unshakable patriotism in India’s rich historical narrative.

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Lachit Borphukan: An Epitome of Selfless Patriotism and A Symbol of Resistance

Home » Lachit Borphukan: An Epitome of Selfless Patriotism and A Symbol of Resistance

“He whose body is adorned with all embellishment and ornaments, whose heart and soul is illuminated with an array of knowledge, who is glowing with the splendid might decorated with the virtues which are not defiled by the sins of Kali Yuga, who is like the sea of elephants, horses and military, who is well-known as the son of Sri Borbarua, this Borphukan from Namjani defeated the Muslims ……………………………………in a full-fledged war equipped with all kinds of weapons and artillery, elephants and horses, and generals.”

Thus reads the inscription of eulogy in the victory monument erected at Guwahati, praising Lachit Borphukan by the king Udayaditya Singha after the historic victory in the battle of Saraighat over the Mughals; it is an eulogy of an individual which is nowhere found on any one in the entire history of Ahom kingdom. Indeed, the battle of Saraighat was Lachit’s crown of victory

The Mughal empire had expanded to its zenith under Aurangzeb, who pushed its boundaries to the farthest extent. And yet, paradoxically, the seeds of the empire’s destruction were also sown during his reign. One of the reasons was his religious bigotry, and his intolerance towards Hindus that alienated large sections of the population. His bigoted policies like imposition of  Jizya , destruction of temples, open hatred towards Hindus, etc alienated many.  As a result, revolts against his tyrannical rule broke out one by one, notable ones among them being Sikhs, Marathas, Jats and Ahoms.

While a lot is known about the Marathas and Sikhs, not much has been written about the Ahoms and their spirited resistance to the Mughals. One of the most fascinating aspects of Ahom history has been their long conflict with the Mughals.  There is a long history of Ahom resistance to Mughal rule from 1615 to 1682. There were 18 major conflicts between the Ahoms and Mughals, and in most of them, the Ahoms either routed the Mughals and sent them back, or even if the Mughals won, they could not hold for long on to their gains.

One of the primary factors behind the Ahom-Mughal rivalry was the kingdom that lay to the West, the Cooch Behar princely state. Another factor was the aggressive Mughal imperialism that sought to expand its territory into the North East, starting with the rich natural resource laden Kamarupa (Assam).

The very first foray the Mughals made into Assam, at Kajali in 1615, ended in a disaster, when the Ahoms regrouped after an initial loss, and reoccupied it, sending the Mughals back. While there was a brief lull in hostilities, the conflict again raised its head under Shahjahan’s reign. In December 1636, Kamrup was occupied by the Mughals. The Treaty of Asurar Ali signed in 1639, between the Ahom general Momai Tamuli Borbarua and Allah Yar Khan, saw the entire Western part of Assam, till Guwahati pass under Mughal control. When Shahjahan fell ill, and his sons were caught in a bloody war of succession, Ahom king Jayadhwaj Singha took advantage of it, and chased out the Mughals from Assam and reoccupied the entire western region till Guwahati.

Aurangzeb upon ascending the throne, ordered his Bengal subedar Mir Jumla to recapture Cooch Behar and Assam, establishing Mughal rule in that region. With Koch Behar falling to the Mughals, Mir Jumla entered Assam in 1662. He had a series of successes initially and was also helped by the internal dissensions in the Ahom kingdom.  Under constant attack, the Ahom ruler Jayadhwaj Singha, sued for peace, and the result was the utterly humiliating  Treaty of Ghilajarighat  in January 1663. Western Assam was ceded to the Mughals, war indemnity of 3 lakh rupees to be paid and the worst of all, he had to send his own daughter as well as his niece to the Mughal harem. It was a complete humiliation for the proud Ahoms, and Jayadhwaj Singha later died heartbroken.

Jayadhwaj’s successor, Chakradhwaj Singha, swore to avenge the humiliation. In 1665, summoning an assembly of nobles, he made it clear that the Ahoms would no longer accept Mughal rule and ordered measures to drive them out from Western Assam. By November 1667, Itakhuli was recaptured along with Guwahati, and the Mughals were chased down to the Manas river, which formed the boundary.

A major role in these Ahom reconquests was played by  Lachit Borphukan . Born to a brave Ahom military commander, Momoi Tamuli Borbarua, he would rise to become one of the greatest heroes of Assam, and one of the symbols of resistance to the Mughal rule. When one writes of the history of resistance to the Mughals, Lachit Borphukan’s name would be right up there with Shivaji and Rana Pratap. Educated in humanities, military skills and scriptures, he held various important positions like Ghora Barua (In charge of Royal Stable), commander of Simulgarh Fort and Dolakaxaria Barua (Superintendent of Royal Household Guards) during the rule of Chakradhwaj Singha.

Lachit Borphukan would however become known due to his valor in the Battle of Saraighat, one of the worst defeats the Mughal Army would ever face.  Saraighat would be remembered for the victory of a much smaller Ahom army over the mighty Mughal Army, through a combination of tactical brilliance, guerrilla warfare and intelligence gathering.  In a sense Saraighat would be the last attempt by the Mughals to extend their empire into Assam.

After assuming the charge as the commander of Ahom forces, Lachit oversaw a total restructuring of the army. The alliances were renewed with the Jaintia and Kachari kingdoms and in August 1667, Lachit accompanied by Atan Burhagohain, undertook a downstream expedition on Brahmaputra, reconquering the entire region between Guwahati and Kapili river. On Nov 4, 1667 Itakhuli was taken in a daring mid night assault by the Ahoms, and many of its defenders were massacred.

Alarmed at the losses, Aurangzeb, sent a huge army under the command of Raja Ram Singh, son of the Amber Raja, Mirza Raja Jai Singh to retake Guwahati. Ram Singh commanded a massive army with 4000 troopers, 30,000 infantry men, 21 Rajput chiefs with their contingents, 18,000 cavalry, 2000 archers and 40 ships. In addition, the forces of Koch Bihar too joined their ranks, making the Ahoms virtually outnumbered.

It was in such a dire situation that Lachit showed his tactical brilliance. Knowing very well that the Ahoms had no chance in an open plains battle, he chose Guwahati with its hilly terrain.  The only way up to Guwahati from the east was the Brahmaputra river. At Saraighat, the Brahmaputra was at its narrowest point just a width of 1 km, ideal for naval defense.  While the Mughal army was the strongest on land, especially in open plains, their weakest point was their navy. Lachit set up a series of mud embankments in Guwahati, and ensured that the Mughals would be forced to take the river route to the city.

When the Mughal march reached the Manas river in March–April 1669 and defeated Ahom forces, Lachit decided on a strategic retreat to Guwahati. The plan was to keep the Mughal forces in sight but beyond the reach of their weapons. When the Mughals reached closer, he started a sham negotiation via the captured Firuz Khan with Ram Singh, who had set up camp at Agiathuti, calling the Mughal Emperor the “Bhai Raja” (brother sovereign) to the Ahom king.  And when he was ready for the Mughal attacks, he sent words to Ram Singh that “Guwahati and Kamrup do not belong to the Mughals” since they were taken from the Koch and that the Assamese were prepared to fight to the last. A period of battles between the Ahom and Mughal forces in the region of Guwahati followed, with varied results with forts changing hands many times. All attempts made by the Mughals to secure peaceful surrender by the Ahoms failed and paved way for the final assault on Guwahati. Armed with the reinforcements that had arrived in the form of war vessels. The Mughal navy started pushing back the Ahoms into retreat. Now, Lachit, who was suffering from illness stood up and entered the battle himself. This had an electrifying effect on the morale of the Ahom soldiers as they started attacking Mughals from all sides in a fierce river battle, thereby scattering them. 4000 of the Mughal Army were dead, their navy destroyed, and they were pursued to the Westernmost part of the Ahom kingdom, the Manas river. Overall, the Battle of Saraighat was a total rout for the Mughals, and ensured that they would not make further inroads into Assam. Lachit Borphukan single-handedly led an Ahom force to victory over a much larger Mughal Army, it was one of the greatest military victories ever. He died at Kaliabor about a year later in April 1672. Though, his was not the final battle between the Ahoms and the Mughals, nor did Guwahati remain with the Ahoms. Lachit Borphukan’s own brother and successor Borphukan, Laluk Sola, deserted Guwahati for the Mughals in 1679. It remained with the Mughals until 1682, when the Ahoms under Gadadhar Singha recovered it in the Battle of Itakhuli and ended Mughal control in Kamrup permanently.

Lachit Borphukan used a brilliant combination of guerilla tactics, subterfuge, diplomacy, daring and psychological warfare to attack the Mughal army. As a result, his army was able to defeat the much larger army of the Mughals. He ddelivered the Mughals a tremendous psychological blow, destroying the illusion of their invincibility. Had the Mughals won the key battle of Saraighat in 1671, they would have massacred the Ahoms, including non-combatants, raped and enslaved all women as sex slaves, while forcing all surviving men and children to convert to Islam. This is how the Mughals and invading Muslim armies around the world treated the vanquished who put up a strong defence and resisted their attempts at conquest, Many examples of such savagery performed by Muslim soldiers on the ‘ kafirs ’ they conquered may be found throughout history.

The Ahoms and Lachit Borphukan have contributed significantly to India’s North Eastern region. Because of his bravery, the North Eastern region remained free of Mughal dominion until it was finally annexed by the British. Lachit Borphukan’s endeavours ensured that the holy territory of Kamakhya did not fall to the ruthless Mughals. He exhibited dauntless courage and die-hard love for the country. Today, Lachit Borphukan is revered as the greatest military hero not only of Assam but of India. Like his contemporary Chhatrapati Shivaji, Lachit Borphukan also fought relentlessly to resist the expansion of the Mughal Empire in Assam. Had Lachit Borphukan not been there and had he not resisted the aggression of the Mughals, the history as well as cultural and demographic pattern of Assam would have been different from what we have today. Debakanta Barua’s panegyric “Lachit Phukan” still touches the heart and soul of every Assamese and awaken their patriotic spirit : “Lachit Phukan! Lachit Phukan! Mor Swadexar Bir Dexar Karane Tahani Edin Jasisila Nijar Xir ………………………………………………………..………………………………………………….. Dexar karane Ajio Binai Hezar Dekar Hiya, Dexar Xenani ! Akou Mathon Ebar Hukum Dia” (Lachit Phukan ,the hero of my country, you had offered you head for the country. Even today many youths cry for the country. You just give order to them)

Today, Lachit Borphukan is regarded as a national icon, an epitome of patriotism, heroism, and has become an immortal figure in the annals of history. His bravery and tales of patriotism have become a national saga. His military acumen and war strategy have become an inspiring lesson for the nation’s millions of youths. On 24 November each year Lachit Divas is celebrated state-wide in Assam to commemorate the heroism of Lachit Borphukan and the victory of the Ahom army in the Battle of Saraighat. Lachit will always remain an emblem of national pride for all the times to come. His patriotic zeal and spirit has got immense relevance in the present time. His heroic tales can be a befitting reply to all those divisive forces which are bent upon the national integrity of the country.

The renowned historian Sitaram Goel has remarked that Lachit Borphukhan’s name should be taught in all Indian households like that of Shivaji and Banda Bahadur. Our Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi paid a rich tribute to the great Ahom general on his birth anniversary on November 24, 2021, terming him as the ‘Pride of India.’ Amidst repeated demands, our present government has now also included a chapter on him in the CBSE curriculum. It is high time that we go ahead and make necessary corrections in our history books so that the students can be taught authentic, accurate narrations of our proud past. The aim should be that an elementary school student in the remotest village of Tamil Nadu should know enough about Lachit Borphukan, Chhatrasal, Banda Bahadur, Tanaji Malusare, while his counterpart in the farthest village in Arunachal Pradesh should be aware of Marudu brothers, Surajmal Jat, Durga Das Rathod Kittur Chennamma etc, so that one can emotionally empathise, ideologically identify with the other and the seed of national integration can thus sprout, swell, spread throughout the length and breadth of the nation.

Biresh Chaudhuri is a Research Associate with Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Research Foundation. Views expressed are personal.

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• Indian History /

Lachit Borphukan: The Hero of Assam

• Updated on  
• Mar 11, 2024

Lachit Borphukan was a legendary military commander in the Ahom kingdom of Assam, known for his outstanding leadership and strategic brilliance. He hailed from the powerful Borphukan family. From a young age, Lachit showed great promise in military tactics and leadership skills. He is primarily known for his bravery and valour during the Ahom-Mughal War held in Assam. His name is synonymous with courage and leadership in the history of Assam. Let’s know more about this unsung hero in our history.

Table of Contents

• 1 Early Life of Lachit Borphukan
• 2 Career of Lachit Borphukan
• 3.1 Battle of Saraighat
• 4 Honours and Recognition

Early Life of Lachit Borphukan

Lachit Borphukan was born on 24th November 1622 in the Charaideo region of Assam. He belonged to a royal family and grew up in the backdrop of the Mughal-Ahom conflict. 

• Lachit’s father’s name was Momai Tamuli, who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Ahom Army. Tamuli was also the 1st Borbarua (Phu-ke-Lung) of Upper-Assam under the reign of Prataap Singha. He is also attributed to be a founder of Paik practises.
• Lachit Bophukan’s mother’s name was Kunti Moran. He received his education from his mother and from a domestic tutor appointed by his father.
• He completed his education in Military strategies and Humanities and was well-versed in subjects like Ahom scriptures, Economics and Hindu culture and its religious components.

Career of Lachit Borphukan

From an early age, he was appointed to the commander’s post of “Hanstidhara Tamuli” by the then minister of the state. 

• Lachit Borphukan began his political career as a personal assistant as Salashar Barua to the commander of the state of Ahom. 
• He was later appointed as Ghura Baruah, where he impressed everyone with his talent and bravery in handling horses. 
• He was then appointed as the chief officer of Shimaluguria games as Shimaluguria Phukan and subsequently as Dulakasharia Baruah. His role as Dulakasharia Baruah was to control the king’s pali-paharia while he was taken to Dula. 
• When the Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha became aware of his skills, he was appointed as the Commander-in-Chief and Borphukan of the state of Ahom. 

Also Read – Birsa Munda: Life and his Ulgulan Movement

Military Career and Achievements

The bravery of Lachit Borphukan was seen in his military expeditions against the Mughal Empire . As a commander-in-chief, despite his illness, he inspires the army to fight valiantly against the enemies with himself present on the battleground. Some of his military achievements are – 

• Battle of Saraighat: One of Lachit Borphukan’s most notable achievements was his leadership in the Battle of Saraighat in 1671. This battle is considered a turning point in Indian history as it marked the defeat of the mighty Mughal army by the Ahom forces under Lachit’s command. The whole of Northeast did not ever fall under the Mughals after this Battle. 
• Strategies and Tactics: Lachit Borphukan was known for his strategic brilliance and innovative military tactics. He utilized the natural terrain of Assam to his advantage and outmanoeuvred the Mughal forces at every turn. He fought in the giant Brahmaputra river and stopped the force at the doors itself.
• Siege of Guwahati: Another significant feat of Lachit Borphukan was the successful defence of Guwahati against the Mughal forces. Despite being outnumbered, Lachit’s determination and tactical acumen led to the defeat of the Mughals.

Also Read – Complete Mughal Empire List: An Overview

Battle of Saraighat

• Lachit Borphukan is best known for his leadership in the Battle of Saraighat, a crucial confrontation between the Ahom kingdom and the Mughal forces led by Ram Singh on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb .
• Despite being outnumbered and facing a formidable enemy, Lachit Borphukan and his troops displayed unmatched valour and determination.
• Under his command, the Ahom army achieved a resounding victory, repelling the Mughal forces and safeguarding the sovereignty of Assam forever until the Britishers took it under their control.

Honours and Recognition

• Lachit Divas: Every year on November 24th, Assam celebrates Lachit Divas to honour the monumental contributions of Lachit Borphukan. It is a day dedicated to commemorating the son of Assam for his heroism at the Battle of Saraighat.
• Military Awards: The National Defence Academy awards the best cadet with the Lachit Borphukan Gold Medal Award every year since 1999.

Lachit Borphukan died at the age of 50 due to illness and natural causes in the year 1671. He is widely revered by the people of Assam, who hold him in high regard for his selfless service to the kingdom. In conclusion, Lachit Borphukan’s legacy as a warrior and leader remains etched to inspire generations of Assamese people, symbolizing courage, integrity and patriotism. He is remembered and celebrated through various cultural expressions, including folk songs, poems and statues.

Relevant Blogs

This was all about Lachit Borphukan. If you want to know more about topics like this, then visit our general knowledge page! Alternatively, you can also read our blog on general knowledge for competitive exams !

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Essays on Assam war hero Lachit Borphukan enter Guinness World Records; who was he?

Lachit borphukan was a legendary commander in the ahom kingdom of medieval assam. the essays were uploaded to a portal last year during the celebrations of the 400th birth anniversary of the legendary ahom leader..

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Essay on Lachit Borphukan: The Hero of Assam

Table of Contents

Lachit Borphukan: The Hero of Assam

Introduction:

Lachit Borphukan is a legendary figure in the history of Assam, a region in northeastern India with a rich and diverse cultural heritage. He is celebrated as a national hero and a symbol of courage, valor, and patriotism. Lachit Borphukan’s contributions in defending Assam against external invaders, particularly the Mughals, have left an indelible mark on the history of the region. This essay delves into the life and achievements of this remarkable historical figure, whose legacy continues to inspire generations.

Early Life and Background:

Lachit Borphukan was born in 1622 in the Ahom Kingdom, which was then one of the most powerful kingdoms in the region. He was born to Momai Tamuli Borbarua, a trusted official in the Ahom court. From an early age, Lachit displayed exceptional military and leadership skills, which would serve him well in the years to come. His upbringing was influenced by the martial culture of the Ahom kingdom, and he received training in various forms of combat and warfare.

Defending Assam against the Mughals:

One of the most significant chapters in Lachit Borphukan’s life was his role in defending Assam against the Mughal forces. In the 17th century, Assam was under constant threat from Mughal expansionism, and the Ahom Kingdom faced the formidable challenge of repelling these powerful invaders. Lachit Borphukan rose to prominence as a military strategist and leader during this turbulent period.

In 1671, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb dispatched a massive army, led by Raja Ram Singh, to conquer Assam. Lachit Borphukan was appointed the commander of the Ahom army, and he quickly organized his forces to defend their homeland. He displayed exceptional skill and leadership in the Battle of Saraighat, which took place in 1671. Under his command, the Ahom forces employed innovative strategies and tactics, including the use of small boats and guerrilla warfare, to defeat the numerically superior Mughal army. The Battle of Saraighat is considered one of Lachit Borphukan’s greatest victories and a turning point in the history of Assam.

Legacy and Inspiration:

Lachit Borphukan’s legacy continues to be celebrated in Assam and throughout India. His unwavering dedication to protecting his homeland and his ability to inspire and lead his troops in the face of adversity make him a revered figure in Indian history. The annual Lachit Divas is observed in his honor on November 24th, a day dedicated to remembering his bravery and valor.

Lachit Borphukan’s story serves as a source of inspiration for the people of Assam and the entire nation. His determination and indomitable spirit in defending Assam against the Mughals are a testament to the resilience of the people of the region. His legacy reminds us of the importance of valuing and preserving our cultural heritage , and it emphasizes the significance of courage and patriotism in the face of adversity.

Conclusion:

Lachit Borphukan, the hero of Assam, stands as a shining example of courage, leadership, and dedication to one’s homeland. His pivotal role in defending Assam against the Mughal invaders has made him an enduring symbol of bravery and valor. His life and achievements continue to inspire generations, and his legacy remains an integral part of Assam’s cultural and historical heritage. Lachit Borphukan’s story is a reminder of the enduring strength and resilience of the people of Assam and their unwavering commitment to safeguarding their land and culture.

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Essay on Lachit Borphukan

Students are often asked to write an essay on Lachit Borphukan in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Lachit Borphukan

Introduction.

Lachit Borphukan was a heroic figure from Assam, India. Born in 1622, he is remembered as a fearless warrior and a brilliant military strategist.

Military Career

Lachit served as the commander of the Ahom kingdom’s army. His leadership was instrumental in defending Assam during the Mughal invasion in 1671.

Lachit Borphukan’s courage and patriotism are still celebrated today. His birthday, Lachit Divas, is commemorated every year on November 24th in Assam. His life inspires many to value their cultural heritage and defend their homeland.

250 Words Essay on Lachit Borphukan

Lachit Borphukan was a notable commander and a patriot of the 17th century Ahom kingdom in Assam, India. He is celebrated for his leadership in the 1671 Battle of Saraighat that thwarted a drawn-out Mughal invasion.

Early Life and Rise to Power

Born into an aristocratic family, Borphukan was trained in the arts of warfare and statecraft. His acumen led him to be appointed as the ‘Scarlet Umbrella Bearer’, an important position in the Ahom court. His strategic prowess and dedication eventually earned him the title of Borphukan, the commander-in-chief of the Ahom army.

Defiance against the Mughals

The Mughals, in their quest for territorial expansion, posed a significant threat to the Ahom kingdom. Lachit Borphukan’s most notable contribution was his leadership during the Battle of Saraighat. Despite being outnumbered and ill, he led his forces with exceptional strategy and courage.

Borphukan’s victory at Saraighat is a testament to his tactical genius and indomitable spirit. His famous quote, “My uncle, do not grieve for my sickness. I will not die until I drive the Mughals out of Assam”, encapsulates his unwavering dedication to his homeland. His legacy continues to inspire generations and his contributions are celebrated annually on Lachit Divas.

Lachit Borphukan was not just a military genius but a symbol of resistance and patriotism. His life and actions serve as a reminder that courage and strategic intelligence can overcome even the mightiest of challenges. His story is a significant chapter in the history of Assam and India, underscoring the power of determination and leadership.

500 Words Essay on Lachit Borphukan

Introduction to lachit borphukan.

Lachit Borphukan was a formidable military commander hailing from the Ahom kingdom in Assam, India. Born in 1622, he was instrumental in safeguarding the sovereignty of his kingdom against the Mughal Empire. His strategic acumen and unyielding spirit continue to inspire countless generations.

Lachit Borphukan was born into a noble family in Assam. His early education, deeply rooted in humanities, warfare, and administration, prepared him for a life of leadership. His rise to power was marked by his appointment as the “Scarlet Umbrella Bearer,” a prestigious position within the Ahom kingdom.

Role in the Battle of Saraighat

The Battle of Saraighat in 1671 was a turning point in Borphukan’s military career. Despite being outnumbered, Borphukan led the Ahom forces to a decisive victory against the Mughals. The battle was fought on the Brahmaputra river, and Borphukan’s strategic use of the river’s geography played a significant role in the Ahom victory.

Leadership and Strategy

Borphukan’s leadership was marked by his strategic foresight and ability to inspire his troops. His understanding of the terrain, local resources, and guerrilla warfare techniques were pivotal in countering the Mughal forces. Borphukan’s most famous quote, “My uncle, do not grieve for my sickness. One Lachit is enough to fight against the Mughals,” exemplifies his indomitable spirit.

Lachit Borphukan died a year after the Battle of Saraighat, but his legacy continues to resonate in Indian history. His leadership skills, strategic acumen, and dedication to his land and people are remembered and celebrated. The Indian government commemorates his contributions by observing Lachit Divas annually and has instituted the Lachit Borphukan Gold Medal for best cadet at the National Defence Academy.

Lachit Borphukan was not just a military commander, but also a symbol of resistance against foreign invasion. His contribution to preserving the cultural and political integrity of the Ahom kingdom is unparalleled. His life and victories serve as a testament to the power of strategic thinking, courage, and unwavering dedication to one’s homeland. In the face of overwhelming odds, Borphukan’s story reminds us that victory belongs to those who dare to defy and dream.

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Lachit Borphukan Essay In English (700 Words)

Lachit Borphukan was a brave and valiant commander who played a significant role in the Ahom Kingdom’s history in present-day Assam, India. He is regarded as a hero and a symbol of patriotism in Assam, with his contributions being celebrated to this day.

Early Life and Background:

Lachit Borphukan was born in the year 1622 CE in Guwahati, Assam, to Momai Tamuli Borbarua, who served as the prime minister of the Ahom Kingdom. Lachit Borphukan grew up amidst political turmoil and threats from the Mughal Empire, which was expanding towards the eastern regions of India.

Career and Contributions:

Lachit Borphukan started his career as a soldier in the Ahom army and gradually rose through the ranks to become the commander of the army. In the year 1667 CE, the Mughal Empire, led by Emperor Aurangzeb, launched an invasion of the Ahom Kingdom with the intention of conquering the region. Lachit Borphukan led the Ahom army’s defense and played a crucial role in repelling the Mughal invasion.

Lachit Borphukan’s strategic brilliance and his ability to inspire his soldiers were instrumental in the Ahom army’s victory. He is known for his famous declaration to his soldiers, “If you want to leave, leave. But if you want to fight and win, then come with me.” This speech rallied the troops and gave them the courage to fight against the invading forces.

Lachit Borphukan’s most significant contribution came during the Battle of Saraighat in 1671 CE, where he defeated the Mughal navy under the command of Mir Jumla. The Mughal army had superior numbers and weaponry, but Lachit Borphukan’s strategic planning and the determination of his soldiers proved to be too much for the Mughals to handle. This victory ensured the Ahom Kingdom’s sovereignty and prevented the Mughal Empire from expanding further into the region.

Lachit Borphukan’s contributions to the Ahom Kingdom’s defense are celebrated to this day in Assam. He is considered a hero and a symbol of patriotism in the region, with numerous monuments and memorials dedicated to him. The Lachit Borphukan Award, instituted in 1996, is awarded annually by the Assam government to individuals who have made significant contributions to society. Additionally, the Indian Navy’s guided-missile frigate, INS Ganga, was renamed INS Lachit in 2016 in honor of Lachit Borphukan.

Conclusion:

Lachit Borphukan’s bravery, strategic thinking, and leadership skills continue to inspire generations of people in Assam and beyond. His contributions to the Ahom Kingdom’s defense and his victory against the Mughal Empire are a testament to his patriotism and dedication to his people. Lachit Borphukan’s legacy lives on, and his story serves as an inspiration to all those who strive to defend their country and uphold its sovereignty.

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Lachit Borphukan Essay in English [100, 150, 200 Words]

Lachit Borphukan Essay in English: In this article you are going to learn how to write an essay on Lachit Borphukan in English. We’ve provided the essay on Lachit Borphukan in 100, 150 and 200 words. This essay will be helpful for students of all classes. So, lets begin.

Table of Contents

Lachit Borphukan Essay in English 100 Words

Lachit Borphukan was the greatest commander of the Ahom Kingdom. He was born into a noble Ahom family on 24th November in the year 1622. His father Momai Tamuli Borbarua was the commander-in-chief of the Ahom Kingdom. From an early age, he displayed exceptional skills in military tactics and administration.

He is known for his victory against the mighty Mughals in the battle of Saraighat in 1671. The Ahom victory in the battle was a major turning point in the history of Assam. To commemorate his heroism, November 24 is celebrated as Lachit Divas in the state of Assam. His legacy is an inspiration to the people of Assam and India, even today.

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Lachit Borphukan Essay in English 150 Words

Lachit Borphukan was a legendary commander of the Ahom Kingdom in Assam, during the 17th century. He was born to Momai Tamuli Borbarua and Kunti Moran on 24 November 1622.

He showed great promise as a warrior from an early age. In 1667, he was appointed as the supreme commander of the Ahom army. In 1671, he fought the decisive Battle of Saraighat against the Mughals who launched an attack on the Ahom kingdom. His military tactics and leadership skills lead the Ahom army to victory against the much larger Mughal army.

Lachit’s legacy goes beyond just military tactics as he was also known for his honesty, integrity, and loyalty towards his people. He died soon in 1672 after the Battle of Saraighat due to natural causes. Every year Lachit Divas is celebrated on November 24th in honour of this great warrior. He is remembered as a symbol of pride, courage and patriotism.

Lachit Borphukan Essay in English 200 Words

Lachit Borphukan was a great warrior and hero of the Ahom Empire. He was born on November 24, 1622, at Charaideo in Assam. He was the youngest child of the Momai Tamuli Borbarua, the commander-in-chief of the Ahom forces. His mother’s name was Kunti Mohan.

He was born to a royal family and received military training from an early age. Due to his skills, he was quickly promoted through the ranks of the Ahom army. The Mughal Empire under the leadership of Aurangzeb launched an attack on the Ahom kingdom in 1671. The Ahom king, Chakradhwaj Singha, appointed Lachit Borphukan as the commander-in-chief of the army to defend their homeland.

He led the Ahom army and fought fiercely against the Mughals in the Battle of Saraighat on the Brahmaputra River. He had a small army but he managed to train them very well. Lachit’s strategy and leadership skills were remarkable during this battle. The Battle of Saraighat is considered one of the greatest battles fought on Indian soil.

The great warrior died in 1672 due to illness. Lachit Divas is celebrated every year on 24th November to commemorate his birthday. He is remembered by all Indians for his selflessness and dedication towards his people.

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FAQs on Lachit Borphukan

Lachit Borphukan was a great general of the Ahom Kingdom in Assam. He is well known for his victory over the forces of Mughal empire in the Battle of Saraighat (1671).

Lachit Borphukan played a major role in the defense of the Ahom kingdom from invasion of the Mughal empire. Under his command, the Ahom army was able to defeat the much larger Mughal army in the battle of Saraighat in 1671.

The Battle of Saraighat was fought in 1671 between the Ahom kingdom led by Lachit Borphukan and the Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb. Lachit’s warfare skills and leadership helped him to inflict a decisive defeat on the Mughals.

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