how to close a presentation effectively

30 Examples: How to Conclude a Presentation (Effective Closing Techniques)

By Status.net Editorial Team on March 4, 2024 — 9 minutes to read

Ending a presentation on a high note is a skill that can set you apart from the rest. It’s the final chance to leave an impact on your audience, ensuring they walk away with the key messages embedded in their minds. This moment is about driving your points home and making sure they resonate. Crafting a memorable closing isn’t just about summarizing key points, though that’s part of it, but also about providing value that sticks with your listeners long after they’ve left the room.

Crafting Your Core Message

To leave a lasting impression, your presentation’s conclusion should clearly reflect your core message. This is your chance to reinforce the takeaways and leave the audience thinking about your presentation long after it ends.

Identifying Key Points

Start by recognizing what you want your audience to remember. Think about the main ideas that shaped your talk. Make a list like this:

• The problem your presentation addresses.
• The evidence that supports your argument.
• The solution you propose or the action you want the audience to take.

These key points become the pillars of your core message.

Contextualizing the Presentation

Provide context by briefly relating back to the content of the whole presentation. For example:

• Reference a statistic you shared in the opening, and how it ties into the conclusion.
• Mention a case study that underlines the importance of your message.

Connecting these elements gives your message cohesion and makes your conclusion resonate with the framework of your presentation.

30 Example Phrases: How to Conclude a Presentation

• 1. “In summary, let’s revisit the key takeaways from today’s presentation.”
• 2. “Thank you for your attention. Let’s move forward together.”
• 3. “That brings us to the end. I’m open to any questions you may have.”
• 4. “I’ll leave you with this final thought to ponder as we conclude.”
• 5. “Let’s recap the main points before we wrap up.”
• 6. “I appreciate your engagement. Now, let’s turn these ideas into action.”
• 7. “We’ve covered a lot today. To conclude, remember these crucial points.”
• 8. “As we reach the end, I’d like to emphasize our call to action.”
• 9. “Before we close, let’s quickly review what we’ve learned.”
• 10. “Thank you for joining me on this journey. I look forward to our next steps.”
• 11. “In closing, I’d like to thank everyone for their participation.”
• 12. “Let’s conclude with a reminder of the impact we can make together.”
• 13. “To wrap up our session, here’s a brief summary of our discussion.”
• 14. “I’m grateful for the opportunity to present to you. Any final thoughts?”
• 15. “And that’s a wrap. I welcome any final questions or comments.”
• 16. “As we conclude, let’s remember the objectives we’ve set today.”
• 17. “Thank you for your time. Let’s apply these insights to achieve success.”
• 18. “In conclusion, your feedback is valuable, and I’m here to listen.”
• 19. “Before we part, let’s take a moment to reflect on our key messages.”
• 20. “I’ll end with an invitation for all of us to take the next step.”
• 21. “As we close, let’s commit to the goals we’ve outlined today.”
• 22. “Thank you for your attention. Let’s keep the conversation going.”
• 23. “In conclusion, let’s make a difference, starting now.”
• 24. “I’ll leave you with these final words to consider as we end our time together.”
• 25. “Before we conclude, remember that change starts with our actions today.”
• 26. “Thank you for the lively discussion. Let’s continue to build on these ideas.”
• 27. “As we wrap up, I encourage you to reach out with any further questions.”
• 28. “In closing, I’d like to express my gratitude for your valuable input.”
• 29. “Let’s conclude on a high note and take these learnings forward.”
• 30. “Thank you for your time today. Let’s end with a commitment to progress.”

Summarizing the Main Points

When you reach the end of your presentation, summarizing the main points helps your audience retain the important information you’ve shared. Crafting a memorable summary enables your listeners to walk away with a clear understanding of your message.

Effective Methods of Summarization

To effectively summarize your presentation, you need to distill complex information into concise, digestible pieces. Start by revisiting the overarching theme of your talk and then narrow down to the core messages. Use plain language and imagery to make the enduring ideas stick. Here are some examples of how to do this:

• Use analogies that relate to common experiences to recap complex concepts.
• Incorporate visuals or gestures that reinforce your main arguments.

The Rule of Three

The Rule of Three is a classic writing and communication principle. It means presenting ideas in a trio, which is a pattern that’s easy for people to understand and remember. For instance, you might say, “Our plan will save time, cut costs, and improve quality.” This structure has a pleasing rhythm and makes the content more memorable. Some examples include:

• “This software is fast, user-friendly, and secure.”
• Pointing out a product’s “durability, affordability, and eco-friendliness.”

Reiterating the Main Points

Finally, you want to circle back to the key takeaways of your presentation. Rephrase your main points without introducing new information. This reinforcement supports your audience’s memory and understanding of the material. You might summarize key takeaways like this:

• Mention the problem you addressed, the solution you propose, and the benefits of this solution.
• Highlighting the outcomes of adopting your strategy: higher efficiency, greater satisfaction, and increased revenue.

Creating a Strong Conclusion

The final moments of your presentation are your chance to leave your audience with a powerful lasting impression. A strong conclusion is more than just summarizing—it’s your opportunity to invoke thought, inspire action, and make your message memorable.

Incorporating a Call to Action

A call to action is your parting request to your audience. You want to inspire them to take a specific action or think differently as a result of what they’ve heard. To do this effectively:

• Be clear about what you’re asking.
• Explain why their action is needed.
• Make it as simple as possible for them to take the next steps.

Example Phrases:

• “Start making a difference today by…”
• “Join us in this effort by…”
• “Take the leap and commit to…”

Leaving a Lasting Impression

End your presentation with something memorable. This can be a powerful quote, an inspirational statement, or a compelling story that underscores your main points. The goal here is to resonate with your audience on an emotional level so that your message sticks with them long after they leave.

• “In the words of [Influential Person], ‘…'”
• “Imagine a world where…”
• “This is more than just [Topic]; it’s about…”

Enhancing Audience Engagement

To hold your audience’s attention and ensure they leave with a lasting impression of your presentation, fostering interaction is key.

Q&A Sessions

It’s important to integrate a Q&A session because it allows for direct communication between you and your audience. This interactive segment helps clarify any uncertainties and encourages active participation. Plan for this by designating a time slot towards the end of your presentation and invite questions that promote discussion.

• “I’d love to hear your thoughts; what questions do you have?”
• “Let’s dive into any questions you might have. Who would like to start?”
• “Feel free to ask any questions, whether they’re clarifications or deeper inquiries about the topic.”

Encouraging Audience Participation

Getting your audience involved can transform a good presentation into a great one. Use open-ended questions that provoke thought and allow audience members to reflect on how your content relates to them. Additionally, inviting volunteers to participate in a demonstration or share their experiences keeps everyone engaged and adds a personal touch to your talk.

• “Could someone give me an example of how you’ve encountered this in your work?”
• “I’d appreciate a volunteer to help demonstrate this concept. Who’s interested?”
• “How do you see this information impacting your daily tasks? Let’s discuss!”

Delivering a Persuasive Ending

At the end of your presentation, you have the power to leave a lasting impact on your audience. A persuasive ending can drive home your key message and encourage action.

Sales and Persuasion Tactics

When you’re concluding a presentation with the goal of selling a product or idea, employ carefully chosen sales and persuasion tactics. One method is to summarize the key benefits of your offering, reminding your audience why it’s important to act. For example, if you’ve just presented a new software tool, recap how it will save time and increase productivity. Another tactic is the ‘call to action’, which should be clear and direct, such as “Start your free trial today to experience the benefits first-hand!” Furthermore, using a touch of urgency, like “Offer expires soon!”, can nudge your audience to act promptly.

Final Impressions and Professionalism

Your closing statement is a chance to solidify your professional image and leave a positive impression. It’s important to display confidence and poise. Consider thanking your audience for their time and offering to answer any questions. Make sure to end on a high note by summarizing your message in a concise and memorable way. If your topic was on renewable energy, you might conclude by saying, “Let’s take a leap towards a greener future by adopting these solutions today.” This reinforces your main points and encourages your listeners to think or act differently when they leave.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some creative strategies for ending a presentation memorably.

To end your presentation in a memorable way, consider incorporating a call to action that engages your audience to take the next step. Another strategy is to finish with a thought-provoking question or a surprising fact that resonates with your listeners.

Can you suggest some powerful quotes suitable for concluding a presentation?

Yes, using a quote can be very effective. For example, Maya Angelou’s “People will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel,” can reinforce the emotional impact of your presentation.

What is an effective way to write a conclusion that summarizes a presentation?

An effective conclusion should recap the main points succinctly, highlighting what you want your audience to remember. A good way to conclude is by restating your thesis and then briefly summarizing the supporting points you made.

As a student, how can I leave a strong impression with my presentation’s closing remarks?

To leave a strong impression, consider sharing a personal anecdote related to your topic that demonstrates passion and conviction. This helps humanize your content and makes the message more relatable to your audience.

How can I appropriately thank my audience at the close of my presentation?

A simple and sincere expression of gratitude is always appropriate. You might say, “Thank you for your attention and engagement today,” to convey appreciation while also acknowledging their participation.

What are some examples of a compelling closing sentence in a presentation?

A compelling closing sentence could be something like, “Together, let’s take the leap towards a greener future,” if you’re presenting on sustainability. This sentence is impactful, calls for united action, and leaves your audience with a clear message.

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6 Ways to Close Your Presentation With Style (& Tools to Use)

Written by: Ashish Arora

Picture this: You've just delivered an amazing presentation that had your audience hooked from the start. The excitement in the room is glaring as you reach the final moments of your presentations.

Now, it's time to close with a bang and leave a lasting impression.

The way you conclude your presentation holds immense power. That’s the defining moment that cements your message in the minds of your audience.

So how do you wrap up your presentation in a memorable way and leave your audience feeling inspired? That’s why we created this article to teach you how to end a presentation.

In this article, we're going to explore six awesome ways to close your presentation with style. These techniques will help you leave a lasting impact and make your audience go "Wow!" Get ready to level up your presentation skills and charm your audience with these proven closing techniques.

If you're ready to kick things off quickly, Visme's presentation software can help you create something amazing. Tap into our rich collection of presentation templates and customize your design with an intuitive drag-and-drop editor.

We've covered the best closing tactics for your next presentation in this video.

Table of Contents

6 ways to close your presentation with style, tools to help you create a presentation, key phrases to end a presentation.

• How to Start a Presentation
• Top Presentation Mistakes to Avoid
• How you end your presentation can make all the difference in solidifying your message and leaving your audience with a sense of purpose.
• Level up your presentation skills and charm your audience with these proven closing techniques: include a strong call-to-action (CTA), don't end with a question and answer slide, conclude with a memorable quote, tell a story, summarize your main points and thank the audience.
• Here are some ways you can start your presentation on a strong note: make a bold claim, give them the unexpected, pique curiosity, ask questions and tell a story.
• Avoid these top presentation mistakes: lack of adequate presentation, being robotic, avoiding eye contact, starting and ending weak.
• Visme, Prezi, Slidebean and Google Slides are four stand-out tools you can use to create stunning and effective presentations.
• Visme’s presentation software offers a wide range of templates and extensive features to help you create next-level presentations.

There’s no question that grabbing your audience’s attention at the very beginning of your presentation is important. But how you end it can make all the difference in your presentation’s overall impact.

Here are some ways to ensure you end powerfully:

• Way #1: Include a Strong Call-to-Action (CTA)
• Way #2: Don't End With a Q&A
• Way #3: End With a Memorable Quote
• Way #4: Close With a Story
• Way #5: Drive Your Main Points Home
• Way #6: Thank and Acknowledge

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1. Include a Strong Call-to-Action (CTA)

If you’re a business owner, the primary purpose of your presentation is to inspire the audience to action. Don’t assume they will take it, move them to it.

Use powerful words that are definitive and instructional. Calls-to-action like “Begin the journey” or “Join the fight” are to-the-point and let the audience know what to do.

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2. Don’t End with a Q&A

You’ve just spent 20-30 minutes wowing your audience and now you’re going to let your presentation fizzle out with a Q&A? Beyond the fact that you are never in full control of what questions you will be asked, Q&As are just not memorable.

So how do you end a presentation with a bang? It is better to take questions throughout the presentation. This way the questions asked are relevant to the particular information being shared and you can ensure your audience is keeping up with you.

If you have been forced to structure your presentation so that questions are taken at the end, make sure to allow yourself a minute or two after the Q&A. Use this time to close the presentation with your final takeaways and messages of inspiration.

3. End with a Memorable Quote

Sometimes, if you can’t find the perfect words to end with, use someone else’s words.

“Life is 10% what happens to me and 90% of how I react to it.”  –Charles Swindoll

“Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans.” –John Lennon

“Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.” –Steve Jobs

These are pretty powerful words, no? Use quotes like these when you wrap up your presentation, or add them in your final slide to leave a strong impression.

4. Close with a Story

If opening with a compelling story works, there’s a very good chance that closing with one will as well. While a story at the beginning was an effective lead-in to your message, a story at the end can creatively sum up the information you have shared.

A word of caution: don’t end with a case study . Many business owners do this. Case studies are great for the middle of your presentation. But for the conclusion, you want a meaningful story that affects your audience emotionally and causes them to remember your message for a long, long time.

5. Drive Your Main Points Home

Your audience will appreciate some form of summation at the end that will act as a linear representation of what they’ve just heard.  There is a simple summary formula that many professional speakers use in the ending slide:

• Tell them what you are going to tell them.
• Then, tell them what you told them.

You can simply say something like, “Before I leave you with my final thoughts about XYZ, let me briefly restate my main takeaways…” Don’t just list your key points but show the audience how each links to the other points.

Giving a successful presentation takes a lot of work and commitment. By creating a powerful opening and closing, you will ensure that your message is not only fully received but impactful as well.

6.  Thank and Acknowledge

If you're finding it hard to signal to your audience that your presentation has ended and it's time to applaud, thanking them can be a great way to do so. Including an end slide or thank you slide can make things easier.

At the end of your presentation, you can also acknowledge any companies or people who helped you put together your presentation, such as a website you used as a data source.

Now that you know how to end a presentation effectively, let's find out how you can create one that speaks for itself.

A well-designed slide deck can not only help you better convey your message, but it can also make you feel more confident about your presentation.

Here are four tools you can use to create stunning and effective presentations.

Visme is a robust visual content creation tool and presentation software that transforms how users create and deliver captivating presentations. With a wide range of customizable templates, an extensive asset library and an intuitive drag-and-drop editor, you can level up your presentation and captivate your audience like never before.

Here are some of the standard features of Visme's presentation software.

• Generate a set of branded templates tailored to your brand using Visme's AI-powered brand design tool .
• Easily record projects and presentations for your audience to view on their own time and pace with Visme Presenter studio .
• Create beautiful data visualizations , charts , graphs , and infographics that will effectively communicate your information.
• Transform boring presentation slides into enriching experiences that keep your audience engaged with interactive features using pop ups, hover effects, slide transitions, interactive charts, maps, quizzes and videos.
•  Generate high-quality content,  proofread or create an outline for your presentation using Visme's AI text generator .
• Take your presentation to a whole new level with our comprehensive library of royalty-free images, icons, illustrations, graphics, and pre-designed content blocks.
• Unleash your creativity with the help of Visme’s AI image generator . All you need to do is input your prompt and you can generate unique photos, paintings, pencil drawings, 3D graphics, icons, abstract art, and more.
• Drive seamless collaboration with Visme's collaborative features make teamwork a breeze. You can collaborate with colleagues and clients in real-time, leave comments, and make edits together, ensuring a smooth and efficient workflow. Say goodbye to email attachments and enjoy seamless collaboration all in one place.
• When you’re sold on your final presentation design , you can download it in multiple formats, including PPTX, PDF, PDF or as a shareable link . You can present directly from Visme, embed your presentation on websites, or download it for offline use.

If you're racing against the clock, use Visme's AI presentation maker to create stunning presentations in seconds. Just explain what you want to create, provide more context, select your preferred designs and watch the tool unleash its magic.

Get started with our Starter plan and enjoy full access to templates and assets. Or upgrade to a Pro plan to access team collaboration and brand management features. Our Visme for Teams plans offer enterprise-level features like custom sub-domains, team collaboration, custom integrations and more.

The master of non-linear presentations, Prezi, lets you create slide decks that are bound to stand out from others.

While the learning curve of Prezi can be steep for some people, it's worth it if you're looking to get creative with your presentations.

3. Slidebean

If the most important thing to you when making a presentation is saving time, Slidebean might be a great fit.

The best thing about this tool is it uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help you create stunning layouts for your content.

Slidebean is ideal if you're not looking for extensive customizability, just ease of use and time-saving features like templates and content blocks.

4. Google Slides

Sometimes, the most basic tools are enough for creating a great presentation, especially if the industry you're operating in requires simplicity and seriousness.

The best part about Google Slides is that you can use it from anywhere and from any device. For example, you can create your entire presentation on your phone using the mobile application.

Presentations made in Google Slides can also be opened with Microsoft PowerPoint and Keynote, which makes it quite a versatile tool.

if you're wondering how to close your presentation, here are some key phrases you can use:

Appreciate your listeners

• Thank you for your time and attention.
• I appreciate your presence here today.
• Thank you for being such an engaged audience.

Express gratitude for the opportunity

• I'm grateful for the chance to share...
• I want to express my gratitude to...
• Thank you once again for the opportunity.

Summarize the main points

• In summary...
• To sum up...
• In conclusion...

Use a call to action

• I encourage each of you to...
• Let's work together to...
• Take the next step by...

Inspire or motivate your audience

• Remember that...
• As we move forward, let's keep in mind...
• Let this be a reminder that..."

Leave your closing thoughts

• In closing...
• As a final thought...
• To wrap things up...

Encourage your audience to ask questions or share their thoughts

• I'm now open to any questions you may have.
• I'd love to hear your thoughts on...
• Feel free to reach out if you have any further questions.

Reiterate the main points

• Just to recap...
• To reiterate the key points...
• In essence, we covered...

Use closing quotes

• To quote [relevant figure]...
• In the words of [author]...
• As [famous person] once said...

Express optimism about the future

• Looking ahead...
• The future holds great opportunities for...
• I'm excited about the possibilities that lie ahead.

Remember, these fun ways to end a presentation aren't one-size-fits-all. You need to tailor these phrases to fit the specific context and tone of your presentation.

Bonus 1: How to Start a Presentation

Now you know how to conclude a presentation. We’ve also discussed ​​what to say at the end of a presentation.

Let’s discuss how to begin a presentation.

According to bestselling author, Malcolm Gladwell, in  Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking , "Snap judgments are ... enormously quick: they rely on the thinnest slices of experience."

In other words: first impressions are real, and they happen really quickly. Think about those presentations you have sat in the audience for.

How quickly did you sum a presenter up when they took the stage? Did you judge them on their posture? What they were wearing? How they addressed the audience? What their voice sounded like?

Most likely, you took all of these factors into account and quickly decided whether you were going to give them your full attention or think about what you should make for dinner.

As a presenter, you must understand that your audience members will make a snap decision about you within the first few moments after taking that stage. Your job at the very beginning of your presentation is to grab their attention.

Here are some ways you can start your presentation strong.

1. Make a Bold Claim

Imagine being in the audience when a presenter opens his mouth and the first words out are, “When I’ve finished here today, you will have the knowledge to increase your revenue by 200% this year.” Um… would you sit forward in your chair and listen to every single word? You bet you would!

You have been asked to speak because you are an expert in your field and have valuable information to share. So why be shy about it? Start your presentation with a bold claim, and then overdeliver.

2. Give Them the Unexpected

Another powerful way to grab attention right up top is to contradict audience expectations. Some people refer to this as "applied unpredictability principle."

Giving people what they expect is not very exciting. Imagine a roller coaster that had no sudden drops or turns. It wouldn’t thrill you. Well the same can be said for presentations. The unexpected hooks the audience instantly.

Here’s an example. Pamela Meyer, author of Liespotting , starts off her presentation by scanning the audience and then saying, “Okay, I don’t want to alarm anybody in this room, but it’s just come to my attention that the person to your right is a liar! Also the person to your left is a liar.”

Well, the audience laughs, getting her intended joke, but you can tell that this unexpected statement has hooked them, and they are ready to give their full attention.

3. Pique Curiosity

Humans like to have their curiosity piqued. We love the feeling of being presented with information that makes us curious and wonder about something.  Research actually shows that curiosity prepares our brain to learn something new. How does it do this?

Well, when we are curious about something, we give that something our full attention. We look for clues and assess situations. This is how we operate and it’s how our ancestors stayed alive.

If you want to grab the audience’s attention right off the bat, ask a question or pose an idea that piques their curiosity. You’ll see many Ted Talk presenters do this by “confessing” they have to share a secret or an apology.

Speaker Dan Pink does this in his famous  T e d Talk  when he says:

“I need to make a confession, at the outset here. A little over 20 years ago, I did something that I regret. Something that I am not particularly proud of. Something that in many ways I wished no one would ever know, but that here I feel kind of obliged to reveal. In the late 1980s, in a moment of youthful indiscretion, I went to law school.”

The minute someone says they have something to confess, we HAVE to know what it is, and so we are forced to pay attention.

RELATED: 29 Killer Presentation Tips to Wow Your Audience

4. Ask Questions

This technique is an oldie but a goodie. By posing a thoughtful question to your audience, their brain is forced to THINK about the answer. You have engaged them from second one. The key is to make the question one that cannot be answered with a simple yes or no, but rather one that plants the seed of an idea.

“What scares you the most?”

“How do human beings constantly reach goals we all believe can never be reached?”

“When was the last time you allowed yourself to feel powerful?”

5. Tell a Story

“When I was nine, I met a homeless man who said he could see my entire future. He told me that when I turned 12, I would die. And I did.”

Okay, I am FULLY listening.

Stories are powerful. The human brain seems to have been wired to listen to stories. No matter how old we get, when someone starts to tell us a story, we instantly become 5-years-old, wide-eyed, ready to go on an adventure.

The story you tell can be personal or professional, just make sure it ties into your overall message.

Bonus 2: Top Presentation Mistakes to Avoid

If we’re going to discuss a presentation success formula, we’ve got to first tackle some of the biggest public speaking mistakes that guarantee your presentation is unsuccessful. Are you guilty of any of these?

1. Not Being Prepared

We’ve all seen those presenters who make it look so effortless. Steve Jobs was like that. He seemed to glide onto the stage, open his mouth and instantly captivate everyone.

But the truth is, even Steve Jobs had to prepare.

Thoughtful preparation is essential for any level of public speaking. Doing the work ahead of time will not only help you feel and sound more confident, it will ensure you deliver the right message to the right audience.

2. Being Robotic

Beyond being comfortable with your material, you must be comfortable in your own body. Have you seen presenters who just stand in one spot and barely move at all? While they’re not very good at exciting their audience, they do have a keen knack for lulling listeners to sleep.

Granted, there may be those rare situations where, because of a lack of robust technology, you have no choice but to stand behind a podium. But even then, be sure to use gestures to punctuate your message. Gestures communicate on a level that words don’t. Don’t be flamboyant but try and use natural gestures as much as you can – you’ll seem human instead of machine-like.

And, when technology does allow you free movement, by all means, move around that stage. Steve Jobs was great at using movement purposefully during his presentations.

If you have a presentation coming up and want to avoid sounding robotic, this video explains 8 ways to memorize your presentation.

3. Avoiding Eye Contact

We can’t talk about body language and not mention one of the biggest mistakes that many speakers make, and that is avoiding eye contact. How many presentations have you seen where the speaker spent the entire time staring at her notes or PowerPoint presentation? How did you feel? Perhaps invisible?

Meeting a person’s gaze establishes a real connection and keeps listeners engaged. If your audience is small enough, try to make eye contact with everyone at least once. If the audience is too large, do your best to scan each section of the audience, landing on a few people. This will give everyone a general impression that you are doing your best to connect.

4. Starting and Ending Weak

If there is one no-no a presenter can make, this is it.

You should think of your presentation as a delicious meal you have painstakingly prepared for your guests. What do you remember most about a great meal? If you’re like most people, you remember the appetizers and the dessert – everything in between is kind of a good-tasting blur.

When you begin and end your presentation strong, you gain the audience’s attention quickly and leave a positive and lasting impression. These are two skills that cannot be emphasized enough.

Let’s look at some of the ways you can ensure you start your presentation strong:

Ready to Level-Up Your Presentation?

Whether it's a business presentation or a motivational speech, knowing how to give a closing statement and ending your talk on a high note is important.

The last thing you say in front of a crowd can help you leave a memorable impression, whether it's a recap of your presentation content or a rhetorical question.

If you're ready to take your presentations to the next level, use Visme's presentation software  to put together engaging and interactive slides.

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About the Author

Ashish Arora is the Co-Founder of SketchBubble.com , a leading provider of result-driven, professionally built presentation templates. Travelling the world to gather new creative ideas, he has been working in the digital marketing space since 2007 and has a passion for designing presentations. You can also find him on  Twitter or  LinkedIn .

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Blog Marketing How To End A Presentation & Leave A Lasting Impression

How To End A Presentation & Leave A Lasting Impression

Written by: Krystle Wong Aug 09, 2023

So you’ve got an exciting presentation ready to wow your audience and you’re left with the final brushstroke — how to end your presentation with a bang. 

Just as a captivating opening draws your audience in, creating a well-crafted presentation closing has the power to leave a profound and lasting impression that resonates long after the lights dim and the audience disperses.

In this article, I’ll walk you through the art of crafting an impactful conclusion that resonates with 10 effective techniques and ideas along with real-life examples to inspire your next presentation. Alternatively, you could always jump right into creating your slides by customizing our professionally designed presentation templates . They’re fully customizable and require no design experience at all! 

Click to jump ahead:

Why is it important to have an impactful ending for your presentation?

10 effective presentation closing techniques to leave a lasting impression, 7 things to put on a conclusion slide.

• 5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation

6 mistakes to avoid in concluding a presentation

Faqs on how to end a presentation, how to create a memorable presentation with venngage.

People tend to remember the beginning and end of a presentation more vividly than the middle, making the final moments your last chance to make a lasting impression. 

An ending that leaves a lasting impact doesn’t merely mark the end of a presentation; it opens doors to further exploration. A strong conclusion is vital because it:

• Leaves a lasting impression on the audience.
• Reinforces key points and takeaways.
• Motivates action and implementation of ideas.
• Creates an emotional connection with the audience.
• Fosters engagement, curiosity and reflection.

Just like the final scene of a movie, your presentation’s ending has the potential to linger in your audience’s minds long after they’ve left the room. From summarizing key points to engaging the audience in unexpected ways, make a lasting impression with these 10 ways to end a presentation:

1. The summary

Wrap up your entire presentation with a concise and impactful summary, recapping the key points and main takeaways. By doing so, you reinforce the essential aspects and ensure the audience leaves with a crystal-clear understanding of your core message.

2. The reverse story

Here’s a cool one: start with the end result and then surprise the audience with the journey that led you to where you are. Share the challenges you conquered and the lessons you learned, making it a memorable and unique conclusion that drives home your key takeaways.

Alternatively, customize one of our cool presentation templates to capture the attention of your audience and deliver your message in an engaging and memorable way

3. The metaphorical prop

For an added visual touch, bring a symbolic prop that represents your message. Explain its significance in relation to your content, leaving the audience with a tangible and unforgettable visual representation that reinforces your key concepts.

4. The audience engagement challenge

Get the audience involved by throwing them a challenge related to your informational presentation. Encourage active participation and promise to share the results later, fostering their involvement and motivating them to take action.

5. The memorable statistic showcase

Spice things up with a series of surprising or intriguing statistics, presented with attention-grabbing visual aids. Summarize your main points using these impactful stats to ensure the audience remembers and grasps the significance of your data, especially when delivering a business presentation or pitch deck presentation .

Transform your data-heavy presentations into engaging presentations using data visualization tools. Venngage’s chart and graph tools help you present information in a digestible and visually appealing manner. Infographics and diagrams can simplify complex concepts while images add a relatable dimension to your presentation. 

6. The interactive story creation

How about a collaborative story? Work with the audience to create an impromptu tale together. Let them contribute elements and build the story with you. Then, cleverly tie it back to your core message with a creative presentation conclusion.

7. The unexpected guest speaker

Introduce an unexpected guest who shares a unique perspective related to your presentation’s theme. If their story aligns with your message, it’ll surely amp up the audience’s interest and engagement.

8. The thought-provoking prompt

Leave your audience pondering with a thought-provoking question or prompt related to your topic. Encourage reflection and curiosity, sparking a desire to explore the subject further and dig deeper into your message.

9. The empowering call-to-action

Time to inspire action! Craft a powerful call to action that motivates the audience to make a difference. Provide practical steps and resources to support their involvement, empowering them to take part in something meaningful.

10. The heartfelt expression

End on a warm note by expressing genuine gratitude and appreciation for the audience’s time and attention. Acknowledge their presence and thank them sincerely, leaving a lasting impression of professionalism and warmth.

Not sure where to start? These 12 presentation software might come in handy for creating a good presentation that stands out. 

Remember, your closing slides for the presentation is your final opportunity to make a strong impact on your audience. However, the question remains — what exactly should be on the last slide of your presentation? Here are 7 conclusion slide examples to conclude with a high note:

1. Key takeaways

Highlight the main points or key takeaways from your presentation. This reinforces the essential information you want the audience to remember, ensuring they leave with a clear understanding of your message with a well summarized and simple presentation .

2. Closing statement

Craft a strong closing statement that summarizes the overall message of your presentation and leaves a positive final impression. This concluding remark should be impactful and memorable.

3. Call-to-action

Don’t forget to include a compelling call to action in your final message that motivates the audience to take specific steps after the presentation. Whether it’s signing up for a newsletter, trying a product or conducting further research, a clear call to action can encourage engagement.

4. Contact information

Provide your contact details, such as email address or social media handles. That way, the audience can easily reach out for further inquiries or discussions. Building connections with your audience enhances engagement and opens doors for future opportunities.

Use impactful visuals or graphics to deliver your presentation effectively and make the conclusion slide visually appealing. Engaging visuals can captivate the audience and help solidify your key points.

Visuals are powerful tools for retention. Use Venngage’s library of icons, images and charts to complement your text. You can easily upload and incorporate your own images or choose from Venngage’s library of stock photos to add depth and relevance to your visuals.

6. Next steps

Outline the recommended next steps for the audience to take after the presentation, guiding them on what actions to pursue. This can be a practical roadmap for implementing your ideas and recommendations.

7. Inspirational quote

To leave a lasting impression, consider including a powerful and relevant quote that resonates with the main message of your presentation. Thoughtful quotes can inspire and reinforce the significance of your key points.

Whether you’re giving an in-person or virtual presentation , a strong wrap-up can boost persuasiveness and ensure that your message resonates and motivates action effectively. Check out our gallery of professional presentation templates to get started.

5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation 

When we talk about crafting an exceptional closing for a presentation, I’m sure you’ll have a million questions — like how do you end a presentation, what do you say at the end of a presentation or even how to say thank you after a presentation. 

To get a better idea of how to end a presentation with style — let’s delve into five remarkable real-life examples that offer valuable insights into crafting a conclusion that truly seals the deal: 

1. Sheryl Sandberg 

In her TED Talk titled “Why We Have Too Few Women Leaders,” Sheryl Sandberg concluded with an impactful call to action, urging men and women to lean in and support gender equality in the workplace. This motivational ending inspired the audience to take action toward a more inclusive world.

2. Elon Musk

Elon Musk often concludes with his vision for the future and how his companies are working towards groundbreaking advancements. His passion and enthusiasm for pushing the boundaries of technology leave the audience inspired and eager to witness the future unfold.

3. Barack Obama

President Obama’s farewell address concluded with an emotional and heartfelt expression of gratitude to the American people. He thanked the audience for their support and encouraged them to stay engaged and uphold the values that define the nation.

4. Brené Brown 

In her TED Talk on vulnerability, Brené Brown ended with a powerful quote from Theodore Roosevelt: “It is not the critic who counts… The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena.” This quote reinforced her message about the importance of embracing vulnerability and taking risks in life.

5. Malala Yousafzai

In her Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech, Malala Yousafzai ended with a moving call to action for education and girls’ rights. She inspired the audience to stand up against injustice and to work towards a world where every child has access to education.

For more innovative presentation ideas , turn ordinary slides into captivating experiences with these 15 interactive presentation ideas that will leave your audience begging for more.

So, we talked about how a good presentation usually ends. As you approach the conclusion of your presentation, let’s go through some of the common pitfalls you should avoid that will undermine the impact of your closing:

1. Abrupt endings

To deliver persuasive presentations, don’t leave your audience hanging with an abrupt conclusion. Instead, ensure a smooth transition by providing a clear closing statement or summarizing the key points to leave a lasting impression.

2. New information

You may be wondering — can I introduce new information or ideas in the closing? The answer is no. Resist the urge to introduce new data or facts in the conclusion and stick to reinforcing the main content presented earlier. By introducing new content at the end, you risk overshadowing your main message.

3. Ending with a Q&A session

While Q&A sessions are valuable , don’t conclude your presentation with them. Opt for a strong closing statement or call-to-action instead, leaving the audience with a clear takeaway.

4. Overloading your final slide

Avoid cluttering your final slide with too much information or excessive visuals. Keep it clean, concise and impactful to reinforce your key messages effectively.

5. Forgetting the call-to-action

Most presentations fail to include a compelling call-to-action which can diminish the overall impact of your presentation. To deliver a persuasive presentation, encourage your audience to take specific steps after the talk, driving engagement and follow-through.

6. Ignoring the audience

Make your conclusion audience-centric by connecting with their needs and interests. Avoid making it solely about yourself or your achievements. Instead, focus on how your message benefits the audience.

What should be the last slide of a presentation?

The last slide of a presentation should be a conclusion slide, summarizing key takeaways, delivering a strong closing statement and possibly including a call to action.

How do I begin a presentation?

Grabbing the audience’s attention at the very beginning with a compelling opening such as a relevant story, surprising statistic or thought-provoking question. You can even create a game presentation to boost interactivity with your audience. Check out this blog for more ideas on how to start a presentation . 

How can I ensure a smooth transition from the body of the presentation to the closing? 

To ensure a smooth transition, summarize key points from the body, use transition phrases like “In conclusion,” and revisit the main message introduced at the beginning. Bridge the content discussed to the themes of the closing and consider adjusting tone and pace to signal the transition.

How long should the conclusion of a presentation be?

The conclusion of a presentation should typically be around 5-10% of the total presentation time, keeping it concise and impactful.

Should you say thank you at the end of a presentation?

Yes, saying thank you at the end of a PowerPoint presentation is a courteous way to show appreciation for the audience’s time and attention.

Should I use presentation slides in the concluding part of my talk? 

Yes, using presentation slides in the concluding part of your talk can be effective. Use concise slides to summarize key takeaways, reinforce your main points and deliver a strong closing statement. A final presentation slide can enhance the impact of your conclusion and help the audience remember your message.

Should I include a Q&A session at the end of the presentation?

Avoid Q&A sessions in certain situations to ensure a well-structured and impactful conclusion. It helps prevent potential time constraints and disruptions to your carefully crafted ending, ensuring your core message remains the focus without the risk of unanswered or off-topic questions diluting the presentation’s impact.

Is it appropriate to use humor in the closing of a presentation?

Using humor in the closing of a presentation can be appropriate if it aligns with your content and audience as it can leave a positive and memorable impression. However, it’s essential to use humor carefully and avoid inappropriate or offensive jokes.

How do I manage nervousness during the closing of a presentation?

To manage nervousness during the closing, focus on your key points and the main message you want to convey. Take deep breaths to calm your nerves, maintain eye contact and remind yourself that you’re sharing valuable insights to enhance your presentation skills.

Creating a memorable presentation is a blend of engaging content and visually captivating design. With Venngage, you can transform your ideas into a dynamic and unforgettable presentation in just 5 easy steps: 

• Choose a template from Venngage’s library: Pick a visually appealing template that fits your presentation’s theme and audience, making it easy to get started with a professional look.
• Craft a compelling story or outline: Organize your content into a clear and coherent narrative or outline the key points to engage your audience and make the information easy to follow.
• Customize design and visuals: Tailor the template with your brand colors, fonts and captivating visuals like images and icons, enhancing your presentation’s visual appeal and uniqueness. You can also use an eye-catching presentation background to elevate your visual content. 
• Incorporate impactful quotes or inspiring elements: Include powerful quotes or elements that resonate with your message, evoking emotions and leaving a lasting impression on your audience members
• Utilize data visualization for clarity: Present data and statistics effectively with Venngage’s charts, graphs and infographics, simplifying complex information for better comprehension.

Additionally, Venngage’s real-time collaboration tools allow you to seamlessly collaborate with team members to elevate your presentation creation process to a whole new level. Use comments and annotations to provide feedback on each other’s work and refine ideas as a group, ensuring a comprehensive and well-rounded presentation.

Well, there you have it—the secrets of how to conclude a presentation. From summarizing your key message to delivering a compelling call to action, you’re now armed with a toolkit of techniques that’ll leave your audience in awe.

Now go ahead, wrap it up like a pro and leave that lasting impression that sets you apart as a presenter who knows how to captivate, inspire and truly make a mark.

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How To Close A Presentation

Table of contents, why the ending is the most important part.

The goal of your presentation is to have the audience members remember the message and act on it.

In order to effectively achieve this outcome, you must structure your presentation accordingly. You will need a strong introduction to set the scene, proof points throughout your presentation to support your argument and a conclusion to tie everything together.

Without a proper closing, your presentation will feel incomplete and leave the audience with more questions than answers. As the introduction is to the foundation of a home, the conclusion is to the roof. Without one, your presentation seems unstructured and incomplete with an empty void.

It is not up to the audience to break down what they’ve heard – that is simply too much cognitive processing required for them. You’ll lose your audience and your entire presentation would have been for nothing.

As the presenter, it is your responsibility to summarize key takeaways and craft a proper presentation conclusion that will leave a lasting impression with your audience.

All effective presentations have a conclusion. Whether it’s an inspirational quote, call to action or a few simple closing words. Nevertheless, you must practice and master the skills of how to end your presentation to join the ranks of master presenters.

To help you on your journey, we’ve put together a list of five ways you should end your presentation whether it be an informal, formal presentation or a virtual presentation . Even though these are only a few ways to end your presentation, they are tried and true based on presentation feedback we have received over the years.

10 Ways To End Your Business Presentation & PowerPoint Presentation

1 – end with a call to action.

In the world of business, you’ll be presenting to gain new business on a daily occurrence. RFP presentations and client proposals are just some of the presentations you’ll be engaged with. Just like any sales system, closing and asking for the business is the most critical part.

One way to end your presentation, especially in business is with a call to action.

A call to action is when you directly ask the audience what next steps you want them to take. This might be asking them to sign up for a promotion, following you on social media or engaging in some way.

A call to action is a great tool to use to close your presentation as it has a high conversion rate, the message is clear and it keeps the audience engaged.

2 – End With A Compelling Story

We are social creatures and stories are one of the most effective communication channels we use. Presentation psychology shows us that messages told through the use of a story are better remembered since they act on our human emotions and behaviors.

Stories are also great because it helps the audience sympathize with your messaging easier. Since they already have experienced emotions tethered to an event they can relate to, eliciting an emotional response from them will be easier.

3 – Avoid Q&As

Don’t end your presentation with a Q&A.

Question and answer periods are often unstructured. They could discredit your presentation should the questions not be vetted and your main message may get misconstrued.

Luckily, there are alternatives to Q&As which can still offer the same benefits without the uncertainties.

Alternative Ways To Get The Audience’s Attention, Feedback and Increase Engagement

Instead of using an unstructured Q&A period, try using a presentation tool such as Pigeonhole .

Software similar to this can help you filter questions before they’re made visible to the public. This will help you avoid any awkward or unwanted questions.

It can also allow you to ask for questions ahead of the presentation. This can allow you to avoid all questions being submitted at the end and will give you an opportunity to answer questions throughout the presentation.

4 – Come Full Circle With Your Message

Even with a strong opening message, it’s important to come full circle with your message.

As you progress through your presentation, points you mention will start to fade as your audience tries to remember the key points. Unfortunately, there are times where the main points of your presentation do get forgotten.

A way to combat this is to come full circle with your message. At the very beginning of your presentation, you should introduce the argument or message of your presentation similar to a thesis of an essay. As you progress through your presentation with proof points, you are supporting your argument. By the end, your audience might’ve forgotten what the main argument is. Not a problem, simply reintroduce the thesis, argument or key message of your presentation on the final slide for a lasting impression.

5 – Demonstrate Your Product

If your presentation is showcasing a new product or line of services, consider ending with a demonstration or live performance!

This will certainly blow away your audience members and be a strong ending. A perfect example of a presenter who perfected this technique is Steve Jobs.

Not only is ending your presentation with a demonstration a great way for your presentation to conclude, it also provides great additional benefits such as PR.

Also, depending on how your audience learns new things, it will help put into perspective what you just presented. If you talk about the benefits of a new product you’re launching, demonstrating those benefits will help provide context.

6 – Always End On A High Note

Always end a presentation on a high note.

Even if your presentation is covering a grim and dark topic, leave the audience with some positive motivation.

Negative motivation such as having your audience act on fear and anger are not ideal ways to end a presentation. Although considered effective by some marketers, ending on a high note leaves a longer lasting impression.

The last thing people want to hear are bad things. We are already bombarded with negativity on the news and social media. Convey a sense of positivity by ending on a high note.

7 – End With A Thought Provoking Question

Spark a sense of curiosity by asking your audience a relevant thought provoking question.

Asking a thought provoking question is a great way to end a presentation as it sticks with the audience long after everything is finished.

By having the audience fixated on a question, it will keep reminding them of your presentation and what initially sparked that question in the first place.

Remember though, the question should be relevant to what you spoke about.

8 – End With A Powerful Quote

Similar to a question, a quote will leave a lasting impression with your audience.

Sometimes, what you want to be said has already been said in a profound way you can’t top and that’s ok. Adding a quote, especially an impactful quote from someone famous like Julius Caesar helps drive your point across.

9 – End With A Powerful Image

We all know the saying that a picture says a thousand words.

What better way to end a presentation with an image that can leave the audience with their own personalized conclusion.

Ending off with a powerful image lets your audience come to their own conclusion of the presentation. The image might be meaningful as it relates to the topic you’re presenting or might target a specific emotion you want to elicit from them.

10 – End With Clear Next Steps

Similar to a call to action, outlining clear next steps is important for ending a presentation.

Even when you might not require the audience to take action as you would when inputting a call to action, you might want to set clear steps for what you as the presenter will do, what the organization will do or what the audience as individuals will do in a business setting.

Outlining clear next steps holds everyone accountable and it makes things less ambiguous.

You may consider outlining next steps typically in a business presentation.

For example, if you’re pitching to a client on some business you hope for them to buy into, providing a timeline will help put them in a mindset that makes them believe they’re already working with you. Next steps could be what to expect once the contract is signed with clear deliverable dates.

If you’re still not sure on how to end your presentation, consider outsourcing your presentation design to an agency like Presentation Geeks that have years of experience crafting presentations for a variety of industries.

By trusting professional presentation designers, you can be assured that from beginning to end, your presentation will be one to remember and you’ll be on your way to becoming a better presenter .

Author:  Ryan

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How to End a Presentation? [Top 8 Strategies with Examples]

Guru - May 9, 2023 - Leave your thoughts. 9 min read

animaker deck , presentation , presentation ideas , Presentation Software , presentation tips

How you end a presentation is just as crucial as its opening. It can make or break the impression that you leave on your audience.

A strong conclusion can reinforce your key message and ensure that your audience remembers it even after the presentation is over.

A well-concluded presentation can leave your audience impressed, energized, and motivated to take action.

So now, are you wondering what’s the best way to conclude your presentation? Don’t worry! You have come to the right place!

To help you make a powerful ending to your presentation, we have compiled a list of 8 different strategies in this blog post.

Each of these strategies is designed to help you create a memorable and impactful conclusion to your presentation.

By choosing the most appropriate one for your presentation, you can ensure that your audience remembers your key message and feels motivated to take action.

Let’s jump right in,

1. Emphasize the core message 2. Mirror your opening statement 3. Pose an open-ended question 4. End with a Call to action 5. Thank the audience 6. End with a powerful quote 7. Acknowledge your contributors 8. Ask for feedback

1. Emphasize the core message:

One of the most important aspects of any presentation is ensuring your audience understands your core message.

Reiterating your main points and summarizing your message at the end of your presentation can reinforce this and leave a lasting impression.

It helps to ensure that your audience understands the purpose of your presentation and has a clear takeaway from the information you have provided.

In this video, the speaker restates her topic to conclude her speech firmly and gives a pause, resulting in tremendous applause from the audience.

Similarly, by restating your core message, you can also create a sense of cohesion and give your presentation a firm closure.

This can be particularly important if you want to motivate your audience to take action or influence their behavior in some way.

However, it's important not to repeat EVERYTHING you have said. Instead, focus on the most crucial elements and highlight them in a concise and clear manner.

2. Mirror your opening statement:

A great way to end your presentation is by mirroring your opening statement in your conclusion.

Highlighting your presentation's key message at the end and emphasizing the central idea you aimed to communicate will help your audience to retain it in their memory.

During the conclusion of the presentation, the speaker effectively utilized the technique of mirroring the opening example she had presented - ordering a pizza on the phone by herself.

The speaker demonstrated the remarkable transformation she had undergone in terms of personal growth and confidence, which strongly reinforced her message to the audience.

By mirroring her opening example, she created a sense of familiarity and connection with her audience while simultaneously driving home the key message of her presentation.

This technique allowed the audience to understand better and relate to the speaker's personal journey and the message she was conveying.

Similarly, you can also use this strategy to conclude your presentation. This can be particularly effective if you are trying to reinforce a specific theme or idea throughout your presentation.

3. Pose an open-ended question:

One of the best ways to conclude your presentation is to elicit a response from your audience using an open-ended question that can effectively engage them and make your presentation more memorable.

Look at how the speaker concludes her speech with an open-ended question in this video.

Similarly, you can also raise open-ended questions to help your audience look from a different perspective and encourage them to investigate more thoroughly on the information presented.

Most importantly, ensuring that your question is relevant to your presentation and doesn't detract from your overall message is essential when eliciting a response.

So make sure that you kindle your audiences’ thoughts and ideas with the open-ended question at the end. This helps create a good long-lasting impression of your presentation.

4. End with a Call to action:

One of the best ways to end your presentation is by concluding with a call to action slide.

Incorporating a call to action into your presentation can be a powerful way to encourage your audience to take the next step.

Whether it's signing up for a program, making a purchase, or supporting a cause, a clear call to action is essential to achieving your desired outcome.

Similarly, according to your type of presentation, you can include a relevant call to action.

For example, this might involve providing specific instructions or offering an incentive for taking action, such as a discount or free trial.

It's essential that you understand their pain points and make your call to action compelling. Ensure that your core message and the needs of your audience are aligned so that they are motivated enough to act.

5. Thank the audience:

At the end of your presentation, it's essential to recognize that your audience has taken time out of their busy schedules to attend and listen to your message.

Thanking your audience for their time and attention can create a positive impression and make them feel appreciated.

It's essential to make your gratitude genuine and sincere rather than a superficial gesture. For example, consider expressing your gratitude with a personal anecdote or acknowledging specific individuals in the audience.

This simple act of gratitude can also create a sense of personal connection and signal to your audience that the presentation has reached its conclusion, paving the way for future interactions with them.

6. End with a powerful quote:

One effective strategy to end your presentation on a high note is by leaving the audience with a powerful quote.

However, it's crucial to choose a quote that is not only impactful but also unique and relevant to your topic.

Using a commonly known quote may come across as unoriginal and irrelevant, losing the attention and interest of your audience in most cases.

In this presentation, Steve Jobs concludes his speech with an inspiring and powerful message, “Stay Hungry! Stay Foolish”. Thereby emphasizing that you should never stop learning, pursue more goals, and never stop being satisfied.

Similarly, in your conclusion, consider using a relevant quote to make an impact.

7. Acknowledge your contributors:

Another best way to conclude your presentation is by showing gratitude to your contributors.

For example, if you deliver a business presentation on behalf of a team or a department, it's essential to recognize the collective effort that went into creating the presentation.

The concluding moments of your speech are the perfect opportunity to acknowledge your team members' hard work and dedication.

You can express gratitude to your team as a whole, thanking them for their contribution to the presentation.

However, if you want to ensure that the individual efforts of team members are recognized, highlighting specific contributions may be a better approach.

Some examples include:

"Join me in giving a round of applause to my incredible team, who played a significant role in arranging this pitch deck."

"Finally, I would like to mention that my tech team experts provided me with insight into the technical nuances, and without their contribution, this presentation would not have been as informative as it is now."

"As I conclude, I want to express my gratitude to Mark and Serene from the Marketing team, whose assistance in gathering the data and designing the slides was invaluable."

By acknowledging individual team members, you are demonstrating your appreciation for their work and giving them the recognition they deserve.

This will not only make them feel valued but also motivate them to continue contributing to the success of future presentations.

So be sure to end your presentation with the required acknowledgment for all the contributions.

8. Ask for feedback:

You can conclude your presentation seamlessly by thanking the audience and asking for feedback from them.

Encouraging feedback from your audience can greatly benefit your future presentations. It allows you to understand how your message was received and how you can improve for the next time.

So, how can you gather feedback effectively?

Firstly, ask attendees to share their thoughts on your presentation after you finish speaking. This can be done by initiating a Q&A session or by approaching individuals directly.

Another option is to set up a QR code near the exit and ask people to scan and jot down their thoughts on the online form as they leave. This allows attendees to provide their feedback in a confidential and hassle-free manner.

Also, consider having a suggestion box for handwritten feedback notes or creating an anonymous online survey that links to your presentation slides. This method is beneficial if you want to gather feedback from a large audience or if you prefer to have quantitative data.

By actively seeking feedback, you show your audience that you value their input and are committed to improving your presentation skills.

However, this strategy does not apply to all the general presentations. So use this way of concluding your presentation where it makes more sense to you and the audience.

In summary, an impactful conclusion is vital to wrap up your presentation successfully.

Each of these strategies serves a unique purpose, and by combining them, you can create a conclusion that is both engaging and impactful.

By incorporating the 8 critical strategies mentioned in this guide, you can leave a lasting impression on your audience, ensuring that your message stays with them even after the presentation has ended.

Now that you have learned the pro strategies of how to end a presentation, take a look at this guide on “How to start a presentation” as well and nail your presentation from start to end!

If you are still uncertain about how to make a presentation from the ground up, we suggest checking out Animaker Deck - the world's first avatar-driven presentation software.

With over 40 distinct and creatively designed templates at your disposal, we are confident you will find it worth trying!

We hope this article was helpful. Do let us know your thoughts on which strategy worked best for you, and also suggest your own ways of ending a presentation.

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Home Blog Presentation Ideas Key Insights on How To End a Presentation Effectively

Key Insights on How To End a Presentation Effectively

A piece of research by   Ipsos Corporate Firm  titled “Last Impressions Also Count” argues that “our memories can be governed more by  how an experience ends than how it begins .” A lasting final impression can be critical to any presentation, especially as it makes our presentation goals more attainable. We’re covering  how to end a presentation , as it can certainly come through as an earned skill or a craft tailored with years of experience. Yet, we can also argue that performing exceptionally in a presentation is conducting the proper research. So, here’s vital information to help out with the task.

This article goes over popular presentation types; it gives suggestions, defines the benefits and examples of different speech closing approaches, and lines all this information up following each presentation purpose.

We also included references to industry leaders towards the end, hoping a few real-life examples can help you gain valuable insight. Learn from noted speakers and consultants as you resort to SlideModel’s latest presentation templates for your efforts. We’re working together on more successful presentation endings that make a difference!

Table of Content

A presentation’s end is not a recap

The benefits of ending a presentation uniquely, the power of closing in persuasive presentations, informative presentations: the kind set out to convey, call to action presentations: trigger actions or kickoff initiatives, a final word on cta presentations, real-life examples of how to end a presentation, succeeding with an effective presentation’s ending.

We need to debunk a widespread myth to start. That’s why the ending of the presentation calls for an appealing action or content beyond just restating information that the speaker already provided.

A presentation’s end is not a summary of data already given to our audience.  On the contrary, a wrap-up is a perfect time to provide meaningful and valuable facts that trigger the desired response we seek from our audience. Just as important as knowing how to start a presentation , your skills on how to end a PowerPoint presentation will make a difference in the presentation’s performance.

Effective ways to end a presentation stem from truly seeking to accomplish – and excel – at reaching a presentation’s primary objective. And what are the benefits of that?

Considering the benefits of each closing approach, think about the great satisfaction that comes from giving an excellent presentation that ends well. We all intuitively rejoice in that success, regardless of the kind of audience we face. 

That feeling of achievement, when an ending feels right, is not a minor element, and it’s the engine that should drive our best efforts forward. Going for the most recommended way of ending a presentation according to its primary goal and presentation type is one way to ensure we achieve our purpose. 

The main benefit of cleverly unlocking the secret to presentation success is getting the ball rolling on what we set ourselves to achieve . Whether that’s securing a funding round, delivering a final project, presenting a quarterly business review, or other goals; there is no possible way in which handling the best presentation-ending approaches fails to add to making a skilled presenter, improving a brand or business, or positively stirring any academic or commercial context. 

The best part of mastering these skills is the ability to benefit from all of the above time and time again; for any project, idea, or need moving forward.

How to end a PowerPoint Presentation?

PowerPoint Presentations differ by dimensions. They vary not only tied to the diverse reasons people present, but they also separate themselves from one another according to: a- use, b- context, c- industry, and d- purpose. 

We’re focusing on three different types of presentation pillars, which are: 

• Informative
• Calls to action

As you can guess, the speaker’s intent varies throughout these types. Yet, there’s much more to each! Let’s go over each type’s diverse options with examples. 

In 2009,   “The New Rules of Persuasion,”  a journal article published by The Royal Society for Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, determined that commercial persuasion was missing “the ability to think clearly about behavior goals and the mindset of starting small and growing what works.” Incorporating these thoughts is still equally valid in persuasive presentations today.

What hasn’t changed since, however, is this society’s good reminder that “the potential to persuade is in the hands of millions.” As they stated in that publication, “ordinary people sitting in dorm rooms and garages can compete against the biggest brands and the richest companies.” The proven reality behind that concept can be pretty inspiring.

According to this source, “ the first critical step in designing for persuasion is to select an appropriate target behavior. ” And, for behavior to occur, in their opinion, “three elements must converge at the same moment […]:  Motivation ,  Ability,  and  Trigger .” This theory signals a person is motivated through sensation, anticipation, or belonging when they can perform a particular action. This concept is at the backbone of setting the correct trigger to allow a group of people to react a certain way.

The above is of utmost importance as we seek to gear persuasive efforts. The more insight we get on the matter, the easier it is to define the precise actions that will effectively trigger a certainly required response – in any scenario.

Here are options on how to deliver a final punch in a persuasive presentation during different types of objectives:

Investment presentations

Whenever you seek funding,  that need  should be expressly clear during a pitch. Investors need to know what’s in it for them on a given investment. Highlight what interests them, and add what the  return for the investor  is. Mention dividends, equity, or the return method selected, for instance. Your final ask slide should show the exact amount you’re looking for during this funding stage.

Throughout, explain what an investor’s return on investment (ROI) will be. And make sure you do so according to provable calculations. Here, the goal is to display current figures and future opportunities in your speech.

You mustn’t make up this data. In this setting, presenters are naturally assessed by their ability to stay within real options fully supported by proven and concise reliable information.

Focus on showing an ability to execute and accomplish expected growth. Also, be precise on how you’re using any trusted funds . For that, mention where they’ll be allocated and how you foresee revenue after investing the funds in your idea, product, or company.

Pitch Presentations

Pitches are also another form of persuasive presentation. Presenters are expected to wow in new ways with them, be engaging in their approach, and deliver valuable, market-impacting data. When someone delivers a pitch, it seeks a particular kind of action in return from the audience. Being fully engaged towards a presentation’s end is crucial.

Make sure you give the presentation’s end a Call to Action slide in sales. You’re certainly looking to maximize conversion rates here. Bluntly invite your audience to purchase the product or service you’re selling, and doing so is fair in this context. For example, you can add a QR code or even include an old-fashioned Contact Us button. To generate the QR code, you can use a QR code generator .

According to  Sage Publishing , there are “four types of informative speeches[, which] are definition speeches, demonstration speeches, explanatory speeches, and descriptive speeches.” In business, descriptive speeches are the most common. When we transport these more specifically to the art of presenting, we can think of project presentations, quarterly business reviews, and product launches. In education, the definition and demonstration speeches are the norm, we can think in lectures and research presentations respectively.

As their name suggests, these presentations are meant to inform our audiences of specific content. Or, as  SAGE Flex for Public Speaking  puts it in a document about these kinds of speeches, “the speaker’s general goal is always to inform—or teach—the audience by offering interesting information about a topic in a way that helps the audience remember what they’ve heard.” Remember that as much as possible, you’re looking to, in Sage’s words, give out “information about a topic in a way that’s easy to understand and memorable.” Let’s see how we manage that in the most common informative presentation scenarios mentioned above.

Project Presentations

For projects, presentations should end with an action plan . Ensure the project can keep moving forward after the presentation. The best with these conclusion slides is to define who is responsible for which tasks and the expected date of completion. Aim to do so clearly, so that there are no remaining doubts about stakeholders and duties when the presentation ends. In other words, seek commitment from the team, before stepping out of these meetings. It should be clear to your audience what’s expected next of them.

As an addition, sum up, your problem, solution, and benefits of this project as part of your final message.

Quarterly Business Review Presentations (QBR)

By the end of the presentation type, you would’ve naturally gone over everything that happened during a specific quarter. Therefore, make sure you end this quarterly review with clear objectives on what’s to come for the following term. Be specific on what’s to come.

In doing so, set figures you hope to reach. Give out numbers and be precise in this practice. Having a clear action plan to address new or continuing goals is crucial in this aspect for a recent quarter’s start out of your QBR. Otherwise, we’re missing out on a true QBR’s purpose. According to  Gainsight , “If you go into a QBR without a concrete set of goals and a pathway to achieve them, you’ll only waste everyone’s time. You won’t improve the value of your product or services for your customers. You won’t bolster your company’s image in the eyes of key stakeholders and decision-makers. You won’t better understand your client’s business objectives.” As they put it, “Lock in solid goals for the next quarter (or until your next QBR)” and secure your way forward as the last step in presenting these kinds of data. Visit our guide on  How to Write an Effective Quarterly Business Review  for further tips on this type of presentation.

Research presentations

Your research has come this far! It’s time to close it off with an executive summary.

Include the hypothesis, thesis, and conclusion towards the presentation’s end.

How do you get the audience to recall the main points of all this work? Let this guiding question answer what to insert in your final slide, but seek to reinforce your main findings, key concepts, or valuable insight as much as possible. Support your statements where necessary.

Most commonly, researchers end with credits to the collaborating teams. Consider your main messages for the audience to take home. And tie those with the hypothesis as much as possible.

Product Launch Presentation

Quite simply, please take out the product launch’s roadmap and make it visible for your presentation’s end in this case.

It’s ideal for product launch presentations to stir conversations that get a product moving. Please don’t stick to showcasing the product, but build a narrative around it.

Steve Jobs’ example at the bottom might help guide you with ideas on how to go around this. A key factor is how Apple presentations were based on a precise mix of cutting-edge, revolutionary means of working with technology advancements and a simple human touch.

Elon Musk’s principles are similar. People’s ambitions and dreams are a natural part of that final invitation for consumers or viewers to take action. What will get your audience talking? Seek to make them react.

Lecture for specific classes / educational presentation

When it comes to academic settings, it’s helpful to summarize key points of a presentation while leaving room for questions and answers.

If you’re facing a periodic encounter in a class environment, let students know what’s coming for the next term. For instance, you could title that section “What’s coming next class,” or be creative about how you call for your student body’s attention every time you go over pending items.

If you need to leave homework, list what tasks need to be completed by the audience for the next class.

Another option is to jot down the main learnings from this session or inspire students to come back for the following class with a list of exciting topics. There’s more room for play in this setting than in the others we’ve described thus far.

Harvard Business Review  (HBR) concisely describes the need at the end of a call to action presentation. HBR’s direct piece of advice is that you should “use the last few moments of your presentation to clarify what action [an audience] can take to show their support.” And what’s key to HBR is that you “Also mention your timeframe” as, for them, “a deadline can help to urge [the audience] into action.” Having a clear view of specific timelines is always fruitful for a better grasp of action items.

In her book Resonate,  Nancy Duarte  explains that “No matter how engaging your presentation may be, no audience will act unless you describe a reward that makes it worthwhile. You must clearly articulate the ultimate gain for the audience […] If your call to action asks them to sacrifice their time, money, or ideals, you must be very clear about the payoff.”

Business plan presentations

Here, we need to speak of two different presentation types, one is a  traditional approach , and the second is what we call a  lean approach .

For the traditional business plan presentation, display each internal area call to action. Think of Marketing, Operations, HR, and even budgets as you do so. Your PowerPoint end slide should include the rewards for each of the areas. For example, which will benefit each area when achieving the targets, or how will the company reward its employees when attaining specific goals? Communicating the reward will help each of the responsible entities to trigger action.

On the other hand, for your lean business plan, consider a business model canvas to bring your presentation to an end. 

Job interview presentations

You can undoubtedly feel tons of pressure asking for a specific position. For a great chance of getting that new job, consider closing your case with a  30 60 90 day plan  as a particular hiring date. The employer will see its reward in each of the 30-day milestones.

Also, show off what you’ll bring to the role and how you’ll benefit the company in that period, specifically. Again, to a certain extent, we’re seeking to impress by being offered a position. Your differentiator can help as a wrap-up statement in this case.

Business Model Presentation

The pivot business model fits perfectly here for a presentation’s grand finale. The reward is simple; the business validated a hypothesis, and a new approach has been defined.

Though the setting can be stressful around business model presentations, you can see this as simply letting executives know what the following line of steps will need to be for the business model to be scalable and viable. Take some tension off this purpose by focusing on actions needed moving forward.

Your call to action will center around a clear business model canvas pivot here.

We need to work hard at ending presentations with clear and concise calls to action (CTA) and dare be creative as we’re doing so! Suppose you can manage to give out a specific CTA in a way that’s imaginative, appealing, and even innovative. In that case, you’ll be showing off priceless and unique creative skills that get people talking for years!

Think of  Bill Gates’ releasing mosquitoes  in a TED Talk on malaria, for example. He went that far to get his CTA across. Maybe that’s a bit too bold, but there’s also no limit!

Now that we can rely on a broader understanding of how to conclude a presentation successfully, we’ll top this summary off with real-life examples of great endings to famous speakers’ presentations. These people have done a stellar job at ending their presentations in every case.

We’re also going back to our three main pillars to focus on a practical example for each. You’ll find an excellent example for an informative speech, a persuasive pitch, and a successful investor pitch deck. We’re also expanding on the last item for a guiding idea on ending a pitch directly from Reid Hoffman.

Informational Presentation: A product launch of a phone reinvention

The first is what’s been titled “the best product launch ever.” We’re going back to the  iconic Steve Jobs’ iPhone launch  dated more than a decade ago. You can see how to end a presentation with a quote in this example effectively. The quote resonates with the whole presentation purpose, which was not “selling” the iPhone as a “hardware phone” but as the “hardware” platform for “great software.” Closing with a quote from a famous personality that summarizes the idea was a clever move.

Little words are needed to introduce Steve Jobs as a great speaker who effectively moved the business forward every time he went up on a stage to present a new product. No one has ever been so revolutionary with a calm business spirit that has changed the world! 

Persuasive Presentation: The best pitch deck ever

We’re giving you the perfect example of a great pitch deck for a persuasive kind of presentation. 

Here’s  TechCrunch’s gallery on Uber’s first pitch deck . 

As you can see, the last slide doesn’t just report the status to date on their services; it also accounts for the  following steps moving forward  with a precise date scheduled. 

Check the deck out for a clearer idea of wrapping up a persuasive business presentation. 

Call to Action Presentation: LinkedIn’s Series B pitch deck by Reid Hoffman

As mentioned before,  here’s  an expanded final sendoff! Reid Hoffman is an established entrepreneur. As a venture capitalist and author, he’s earned quite a remarkable record in his career, acting as co-founder and executive chairman of LinkedIn. 

We’re highlighting LinkedIn’s series B pitch deck to Greylock Partners mainly because these slides managed to raise a $10 M funding round. Yet, moreover, we’re doing so because this deck is known to be well-rounded and overall highly successful. 

LinkedIn may be famous now for what it does, but back in 2004, when this deck made a difference, the company wasn’t a leader in a market with lots of attention. As Reid highlights on his website, they had no substantial organic growth or revenue. Yet, they still managed to raise a considerable amount. 

In Reid’s words for his last slide, “The reason we reused this slide from the beginning of the presentation was to indicate the end of presentation while returning to the high line of conceptualizing the business and reminding investors of the value proposition.” In his vision, “You should end on a slide that you want people to be paying attention to,” which he has tied with the recommendation that you “close with your investment thesis,” as well. A final note from him on this last slide of LinkedIn’s winning pitch is that “the end is when you should return to the most fundamental topic to discuss with your investors.” Quite a wrap-up from a stellar VC! Follow the linked site above to read more on the rest of his ending slides if you haven’t ever done so already.

The suggestions above are practical and proven ways to end a presentation effectively. Yet, remember, the real secret is knowing your audience so well you’ll learn how to grasp their attention for your production in the first place.

Focus on the bigger picture and add content to your conclusion slide that’s cohesive to your entire presentation. And then aim to make a lasting final impression that will secure what you need. There is a myriad of ways to achieve that and seek the perfect-suiting one.

Also, be bold if the area calls for it. As you see above, there is no shame, but an actual need to state the precise funding amount you need to make it through a specific stage of funding. Exercise whatever tools you have at your disposal to get the required attention.

Also, being sure about whatever decision you make will only make this an easier road to travel. If your head is transparent about what’s needed, you’ll be more confident to make a convincing case that points your audience in the right direction.

Check out our step-by-step guide on how to make a presentation .

Ending a presentation effectively is crucial as it leaves a lasting impression on the audience, reinforces the key message, and significantly influences the audience’s perception and actions following the presentation.

No, instead of simply recapping, use the end of your presentation to provide meaningful and valuable facts that trigger the desired response from your audience. The ending should reinforce your main message and encourage action.

A strong presentation ending can increase engagement, ensure your key points are remembered, motivate the audience to take action and leave a positive impression that enhances your credibility and effectiveness as a presenter.

For persuasive presentations, ensure you highlight the benefits for the audience, such as return on investment for investors or clear actions for a pitch. Focus on motivation, ability, and triggers to encourage the desired behavior.

End informative presentations with a clear summary of the key points, an action plan, or specific goals for the future. For example, project presentations should end with an action plan, and quarterly business reviews should conclude with objectives for the next term.

End a CTA presentation by clearly stating what action you want the audience to take and by providing a specific timeframe. Highlight the benefits of taking action and make the request compelling and urgent.

A CTA slide encourages the audience to take specific actions, such as contacting you, purchasing, or supporting a project. Make it clear, compelling, and actionable.

Use creative and engaging methods such as storytelling, quotes, visual aids, or a compelling call to action. Tailor your ending to your audience’s needs and interests to ensure it resonates with them.

Avoid being vague or indecisive. Do not merely recap the presentation. Instead, provide a clear, compelling, actionable conclusion reinforcing your main message.

Understand your audience, clearly define your presentation goals, and plan your ending to align with those goals. Practice delivering your conclusion to ensure it’s impactful and confident.

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How to conclude a presentation | end your presentation on a good note

Lasting impression, reinforces key points, motivates action; ending shapes overall perception, leaving positive impact.

How to conclude a presentation

Table of content:.

• 5 Ways to Close Your Presentation With Style
• Few tools to Help You Create a captivating Presentation
• How to Start a Presentation like a Pro
• Some of the top Presentation Mistakes to Avoid

5 Ways to Close Your Presentation With Style 👌

• Incorporate a Compelling Call-to-Action (CTA): When concluding your presentation, the importance of a strong call-to-action cannot be overstated. As a business owner, your ultimate goal is to inspire your audience to take specific actions. Don't leave this to chance; instead, use powerful and definitive language to direct your audience. Phrases like "Begin the journey" or "Join the fight" cut through ambiguity, clearly conveying what you want your audience to do. By providing a decisive call-to-action, you not only guide your audience but also increase the likelihood of them acting upon your message.
• Avoid Concluding with a Q&A Session: Concluding a presentation with a Q&A session might seem like a traditional approach, but it often results in a less memorable ending. Since you can't control the questions you'll receive, consider integrating questions throughout your presentation. This approach ensures that the questions asked are directly relevant to the information being shared, maintaining the flow and engagement. If a structured Q&A at the end is necessary, allocate time afterward to reinforce key takeaways and leave your audience with a strong, lasting impression.
• Conclude with a Compelling Story: Just as a compelling story can captivate your audience at the beginning, closing with one can creatively encapsulate the information you've presented. However, it's essential to choose a story that resonates emotionally and effectively summarizes your message. Avoid the temptation to conclude with a case study, as these are more suitable for the middle of your presentation. A well-crafted story at the end can leave a lasting imprint on your audience, making your message memorable over the long term.
• Reinforce Main Points: As your presentation draws to a close, take the opportunity to reinforce your main points. Offering a concise summary using a simple formula—tell them what you're going to tell them, tell them, then tell them what you told them—provides a structured and comprehensive overview. Take the time to not only list key points but also demonstrate how each point connects to others. This approach enhances clarity, ensuring your audience leaves with a strong understanding of the core messages you aimed to convey.
• Express Gratitude and Acknowledge Contributions: Signaling the conclusion of your presentation requires finesse, and expressing gratitude to your audience is a powerful way to achieve this. Include a dedicated thank-you slide to convey appreciation for their time and attention. Additionally, take a moment to acknowledge any individuals or companies that played a role in preparing your presentation. This act of recognition not only demonstrates professionalism but also reinforces a sense of collaboration and shared success.

T ools🔨 to Help You Craft a captivating Presentation

• Versatile design tool suitable for various graphic design projects, including presentations.
• User-friendly interface, making it accessible for both beginners and experienced designers.
• Extensive library of templates, graphics, and customization options for a visually appealing presentation.
• Limited advanced design features compared to specialized design tools.
• Collaborative features may be restricted in the free version.
• Canva offers a free version with basic features.
• Canva Pro subscription, starting at $9.95 per month, provides additional features and collaboration options.
• Drag-and-drop interface.
• Template library for quick design.
• Collaboration tools for team projects.

• Non-linear approach offers a dynamic and engaging way to present information.
• Unique design style sets presentations apart from traditional slide decks.
• Suitable for those seeking a creative and visually impactful presentation.
• Learning curve for users unfamiliar with non-linear presentation styles.
• Free version has limited features.
• Prezi offers a free version with basic features.
• Prezi Plus subscription, starting at $7 per month, provides more storage and advanced features.
• Prezi Business subscription, starting at $19 per month, is designed for teams and includes collaboration features.
• Non-linear presentation style.
• Zooming and panning effects for a dynamic presentation.

• AI-driven design aids in creating polished layouts quickly.
• User-friendly with templates and content blocks for ease of use.
• Ideal for those prioritizing time efficiency in the presentation creation process.
• Limited customization options compared to more advanced design tools.
• Free version has limitations.
• Slidebean offers a free version with basic features.
• Slidebean Premium subscription, starting at $9 per month, provides additional features, including privacy settings.
• AI assistance for layout design.
• Time-saving templates and content blocks.

Google Slides:

• Simplistic and accessible, allowing presentations to be created from any device.
• Compatibility with widely used presentation software like Microsoft PowerPoint and Keynote.
• Collaboration in real-time with team members.
• Limited offline functionality.
• Less advanced features compared to standalone design tools.
• Google Slides is free to use with a Google account.
• Cloud-based collaboration.
• Seamless integration with Google Drive.

Microsoft PowerPoint:

• Feature-rich with a wide range of design options and templates.
• Integration with other Microsoft Office applications for seamless workflow.
• Robust collaboration features for team projects.
• Requires a Microsoft Office subscription for full access to advanced features.
• Learning curve for users new to the software.
• Part of the Microsoft Office suite, available through subscription plans starting at $69.99 per year.
• Extensive template library.
• Advanced design and animation options.

Start your Presentation like a Pro 😎

• Make a Bold Assertion:
• Craft a compelling, confident statement that demands attention.
• Emphasize the value and expertise you bring to the audience.
• Provide the Unexpected:
• Break the mold by defying expectations in your opening.
• Incorporate humor or surprise elements to captivate your audience.
• Pique Curiosity:
• Pose thought-provoking questions that stir curiosity.
• Harness the brain's affinity for curiosity to enhance engagement.
• Employ the "confession" technique used by many successful Ted Talk presenters.
• Pose Thoughtful Questions:
• Present questions that prompt deep reflection and engagement.
• Craft inquiries that require more than a simple yes or no response, encouraging active participation.
• Tell a Compelling Story:
• Initiate your presentation with a gripping narrative.
• Utilize the universal appeal of storytelling to instantly engage and connect with your audience.

Presentation Mistakes to Avoid 🤫

Importance of ending presentation on a positive note

Conclusion:

Frequently asked questions:, blogs you might like:.

• How to convert PPT to PDF online: https://www.magicslides.app/blog/How-to-convert-PPT-to-PDF-online
• How To Duplicate A Power Point: https://www.magicslides.app/blog/how-to-duplicate-a-power-point
• How To Create PPT With Just A Topic Name: https://www.magicslides.app/blog/How-to-create-PPT-with-just-a-topic-name
• How To Make Presentations Interactive: Top 10 Tips: https://www.magicslides.app/blog/How-to-Make-Presentations-Interactive-Top-10-tips

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• 5 Effective Strategies To End A Presentation

By Paola Pascual on February 7, 2022

You just gave a great presentation in English… And it’s time to conclude.

If you think all the work is done –watch out! Did you know that the beginning of your presentation , together with the end of it, are the most important parts of your speech? This is what your audience will remember best, so it’s important to make the introduction and the conclusion as memorable as possible.

The last few minutes of your presentation are your best opportunity to make a long-lasting impression on your audience. This last part will help your audience remember the key points and help you get across the main idea .

In this article, you will learn 5 strategies to end your presentation in a powerful way. You’ll also learn useful expressions you can use to transition from one point to the next.  One great tip is to prepare both the beginning and the end of your presentation:

5 Effective Strategies to Close Your Presentation

Choosing the right strategies to conclude your presentation will help you bring your audience back to the main point. We all get distracted sometimes, and our attention span keeps getting shorter.

The goal is for you to connect with your audience and make them feel connected to your topic. Your presentation should always be about them –not you. Make it easy for them to remember key points and bring their attention back to them.

Download this great effective presentation checklist and check the strategies below. Pick the ones you feel most comfortable with and dare to combine them –some of them work great together!

1. Restate your main idea

The most effective way to make your key points stick? Repeat them. Once again. And again.

You may feel that restating your key message throughout the presentation can be repetitive. However, adding recaps after each section and summarizing your main points in your conclusion will really make it stick in the minds of your audience members.

When you restate your main idea, make sure you paraphrase the points in a slightly new and refined way. You can change the word category, use synonyms, or use a simpler version.

Use these closing words and useful phrases to summarize your key points:

• In other words, today we went over …
• To put it simply, this presentation examined …
• What I mean to say is, throughout this presentation, we explored …
• As we/I understand it, 
• By and large, we discussed …
• Overall, today’s presentation covered …
• To recap, we examined …
• In conclusion, 
• To conclude,
• In short, I’d like to highlight…
• To quickly recap,
• In a nutshell, 
• In summary,
• To sum up,  I’d like you to remember…
• To summarize, 
• All things considered, 
• All in all, 
• To put it briefly, 

2. Include a Call To Action or next steps ➡️

Your presentation has a goal and some next steps. When you give a speech, you expect something else to happen. Whether that may be for your audience to provide feedback, for them to buy your product, for you to send them a brochure…

What are your future actions? It’s what we call our “ Next ” in our WHAT-WHY-NEXT framework . This should be one of the first things should consider when preparing your presentation. What do you want your audience to do after your speech? Do they need to take action or will you follow up with them?

Clearly tell your audience what they need to do after your presentation –or what they can expect.

Introduce your Call To Action and present how your findings will impact the future:

• To wrap this up, I’d love to ask you to…
• After today’s session, please take a minute to…
• I’m counting on you to…
• Looking forward,
• To this end, it would be great to…
• As a consequence, we must …
• If you would like more information, please…
• Please reach out to me if you have any questions…
• I will send you a list of great resources that will help you…
• So, next time you…, remember to…

3. Close the loop ⏺️

The “Loop Technique” is a popular technique in which you return to the subject you opened with at the start of your presentation. It’s especially effective because it creates a perfect circle and a satisfying sense of completion. Skillful speakers often build up audience anticipation at the beginning of their talk and then keep them in suspense until the end when they finally finish their story, give the punchline to their joke, or answer the question they posed right at the start.

Closing a presentation referring back to your opening message is a very common speech structure in many TED Talks . It is a great way to round off your story and remind your audience why they were there in the first place. It is also commonly used in comedy and marketing.

To approach this technique, you can finish a story or an anecdote you started or set up a question at the beginning of your talk and wait until the end to answer it.

4. End with an inspirational quote or surprising statistic

I must be honest with you –quotes are not my favorite way of ending a presentation, but I see how it can work in some contexts.

If you want to make your audience feel in a particular way or there is something you want your audience to remember, a quote or a surprising fact can be your best ally. It is an effective way to reengage your audience and help them remember your main point.

Always remember to add a quote or statistic that is related to your topic.

Oh, an impactful image could work just as well!

Use these phrases to introduce great quotes or statistics:

• I’d like to finish with this inspiring quote from…
• This reminds me of a wonderful quote from…
• Let me leave you with this surprising statistic…
• Let’s finish this session with an interesting quote…
• Did you know that…?
• It reminds me of the words of…
• In the end, this is what matters…

5. Thank your audience

Before you go, remember to always thank your audience. After all, they’ve stayed until the end, right? A simple sentence will suffice, and it will make a difference by making you more likable.

Phrases to thank your audience:

• Thank you so much for your attention today.
• I’d like to thank you for your interest today.
• I truly appreciate your interest and attention this morning.

Keep improving your presentation skills

Continue improving your communication skills for professional situations with our  free resources . If you are serious about improving your business English skills,  get in touch with Talaera . We will help you take your professional English communication skills to the next level.

For any additional information or questions, you can also reach out at  [email protected] . Stay in the loop with events, offers, and business English resources:  Subscribe to our newsletter .

More resources on presentation skills:

• Presentation Skills for Non-Native English Speakers
• 101 Must-Know Transition Phrases for Engaging Presentations Online
• 21 Helpful Tips For Remarkable and Outstanding Presentation Skills
• How To Start a Presentation: Follow These 4 Easy Steps
• How To Bring Across Your Main Idea In A Presentation Effectively
• 6 Public Speaking Tricks To Captivate Your Audience
• How To Do Effective Business Storytelling According To Former Prosecutor
• 8 Little Changes That’ll Make A Big Difference With Your Presentations
• 3 Quick Public Speaking Tips For Your Next Presentation
• Your Body Language May Shape Who You Are [TED Talk Lesson]

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Powerful Endings: How to Conclude a Presentation for Maximum Impact

8 Effective Ways to Introduce Yourself in a Presentation

How to write a problem statement slide, how to write the perfect titles for your slides, pro tips to create an impactful employee induction presentation.

Imagine a scenario – You have been assigned a presentation that you are supposed to deliver the next week. You are working hard and making all efforts to make it a success. You have prepared the unique slide designs and included well-researched content. You are also done with rehearsal and practice.

On the big day, you start your presentation with a bang. And succeeded well in engaging the audience with a compelling story. As you reach the conclusion of the presentation, you wrap up just by saying ‘thank you.’ Won’t it undermine the effectiveness of your entire presentation?

Remember, the closing statement/remark of your presentation is equally important as the opening one. If it is not done the right way, there is no sense in keeping people engaged for this long.

In a presentation, most people mostly remember the first and last thing you say to them. So, the conclusion is the last opportunity to make them remember the core message and key points. 

In this article, we’ll discuss several ways in which you can conclude the presentation on a high note.

1. A Strong Call to Action

There is always a purpose/goal behind every speech. You engage the audience with your content and establish a connection to achieve that goal. A call to action is a prompt that motivates the target group to take the desired action at the end of your presentation. Some examples of CTA are-

• Subscribing for a course, company, or personal email updates
• Sharing your content/profile
• Buying a product
• Signing up for an event or webinar

A well-concluded presentation with a clear call to action (CTA) inspires your audience to take action and helps you achieve the desired outcome. Therefore, you must tell the audience what you expect from them with a simple, specific, and concise CTA.

Example- Suppose you want attendees to join a training program; you can use this CTA- “Are you ready to upgrade your skills? Reserve your seat today!”

You must use strong command verbs to write a CTA. Here are some more examples to help you understand better.

To promote a newsletter or white paper, you can start the CTA with words like “subscribe” or “download.”

If you want people to request more information, you can use “Find out how…” or “Fill out a form for…”

A poorly constructed CTA can undermine the effectiveness of even the most fantastic presentation. Hence, craft a more informative and direct CTA that can also improve the CTR  (Click-through rate).

Pro Tip: Lower barriers to action help the audience act quickly.

2. Inspiring Quote

Whether you choose a killer quote from a famous personality or frame a strong statement in your own words, closing a presentation with a thought-provoking line can hook your target audience and inspire them to think bigger.

This is the reason why wrapping up your presentation with motivational words proves to be highly effective. If you want to ignite emotions or make your audience feel in a certain way, you can share an inspiring quote. 

For example, you can say, “I would like to finish with this Inspiring/powerful/interesting/inspiring/ quote from …”

Take a few moments to discuss how the quote aligns with the presentation theme. It will connect the audience on a deeper level. 

Look at this video in which Ken Robinson, a British writer, concluded his TED Talk with Benjamin Franklin’s quote.

3. Summarize the Key Points/Core Message

Repetition is the critical factor in memorizing things for a longer time. It works best for presentations, too!

Summarizing/highlighting the key point or core message at the end of the presentation makes it memorable to the audience even after they leave the room. You don’t need to give a detailed description at this time. Just share the main content and explain to the audience how the summarized points support your main argument. 

Closing a presentation this way does two things for you. Firstly, it helps provide a quick round-up of the topic and, secondly, brings everyone on the same page. 

You can even use certain phrases to indicate the closure. For example, “This brings me to the end of my presentation.” Or “Before I share my final thoughts.”

You can also summarize by saying something like this, “Before I share my final thoughts about ABC, let me briefly restate the key points…”

4. End with a Funny Joke

Can closing statements be funny? Yes, it can be. 

Cracking a joke is a fantastic way to get all eyes and ears. As a presenter, if you want to fill the room with humor, you must practice more to get it done correctly. If it is not done appropriately or used excessively, it can push you apart or backfire. Try to incorporate creative, unexpected humor, something original that sounds naturally funny rather than cliché or forced. Additionally, avoid humor that is too complex to understand or controversial for your audience. You can use a funny meme or image to capture the audience’s attention.

Using humor in presentations is tricky, so you must consider the following points-

• The joke/humor must not vanish the essence of your message.
•  It must not hurt the audience’s sentiments anyway.
• It must be tailored to the backgrounds, expectations, and interests of the audience.

ProTip: Make your audience laugh and win their hearts by balancing humor with sincerity.

5. Acknowledgment is Essential

Isn’t it a great idea to acknowledge those who contributed to the presentation? However, many presenters overlook expressing gratitude. 

Being thankful and appreciative to those who have helped you prepare a fantastic presentation is a key skill one must learn. It enhances the worthiness of contributors and makes them feel valued. They can be members of the project, your organization, or the website from where you gathered data. You should follow a 3 “S” rule while you write acknowledgments. Try to keep it Simple, Short, and Specific. 

Here is an example:

“I sincerely thank my advisor/mentor [NAME] for their invaluable guidance throughout my research. I would also like to thank my colleagues for their support.”

6. Captivating Visuals 

A picture is worth a thousand words. This saying is pretty old, but it will never cease to be true. Facts also say that our mind processes images 60,000 times faster than text. We, humans, can grasp even the most complicated information with one picture or illustration in a split second.

So, why not leverage the power of visuals to end your presentation in a memorable way? Since you are left with limited time, the right visual at this time can support your statements and arguments, help reiterate essential points, and lead to stronger connections before you leave the stage.

You can show your audience an inspirational or humorous image, a captivating graphic, a short clip, or any other visual that sums up the core message of your presentation and leaves the audience with a lasting impression.

a). Don’t End with a Question 

Most people make the mistake of asking questions at the end. 

Leaving the room with queries/doubts in the audience’s mind is not an ideal way to conclude the presentation. Remember, this is your presentation, so try to close it with your thoughts. 

b). Don’t End with Thank You

Though it is a polite way to end your speech, it adds no new information. Therefore, ending the presentation using these two words only shows a lack of preparation for a strong closing statement. 

c). Indicate with Body Language

You can convey a sense of closure to the audience using your body language. Giving verbal cues like a pause or changing the tone of voice shows that it’s time to say goodbye and indicates that you are preparing to leave the room. 

d). Don’t Miss Out Important Points 

If you’ve committed to discussing a specific number of points, cover all of them before you start concluding the presentation.

Final Thoughts

A strong beginning of a presentation keeps the audience engaged, while a memorable closing leaves a lasting impact. It can motivate, inspire, and persuade people to take action. If you nail these two sections of your speech, the rest of the presentation will fall into place. 

You should craft an ending in such a way that connects the beginning and main message of your presentation because it is essential to remind your audience of the key points one last time. You can use a combination of two or three strategies shared in this article to make significant endings. 

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How to end a presentation in english: methods and examples.

• By Matthew Jones

Naturally, the way you end a presentation will depend on the setting and subject matter. Are you pitching an idea to your boss? Are you participating in a group presentation at school? Or are you presenting a business idea to potential investors? No matter the context, you’ll want to have a stellar ending that satisfies your audience and reinforces your goals.

So, do you want to learn how to end a presentation with style? Wondering how to end an informative speech? Or do you want to know how to conclude a Powerpoint presentation with impact? We’re here to help you learn how to end a presentation and make a great impression!

How to End a Presentation: 3 Effective Methods

Every presentation needs a great beginning, middle, and end. In this guide, we will focus on crafting the perfect conclusion. However, if you’d like to make sure that your presentation sounds good from start to finish, you should also check out our guide on starting a presentation in English .

Though there are many ways to end a presentation, the most effective strategies focus on making a lasting impression on your audience and reinforcing your goals. So, let’s take a look at three effective ways to end a presentation:

1. Summarize the Key Takeaways

Most presenters either make an argument (i.e. they want to convince their audience to adopt their view) or present new or interesting information (i.e. they want to educate their audience). In either case, the presentation will likely consist of important facts and figures. The conclusion gives you the opportunity to reiterate the most important information to your audience.

This doesn’t mean that you should simply restate everything from your presentation a second time. Instead, you should identify the most important parts of your presentation and briefly summarize them.

This is similar to what you might find in the last paragraph of an academic essay. For example, if you’re presenting a business proposal to potential investors, you might conclude with a summary of your business and the reasons why your audience should invest in your idea.

2. End with a CTA (Call-To-Action)

Ending with a Call-To-Action is one of the best ways to increase audience engagement (participation) with your presentation. A CTA is simply a request or invitation to perform a specific action. This technique is frequently used in sales or marketing presentations, though it can be used in many different situations.

For example, let’s say that you’re giving an informational presentation about the importance of hygiene in the workplace. Since your goal is to educate your audience, you may think that there’s no place for a CTA.

On the contrary, informational presentations are perfect for CTA’s. Rather than simply ending your presentation, you can direct your audience to seek out more information on the subject from authorities. In this case, you might encourage listeners to learn more from an authoritative medical organization, like the World Health Organization (WHO).

3. Use a Relevant Quote

It may sound cliche, but using quotes in your closing speech is both memorable and effective. However, not just any quote will do. You should always make sure that your quote is relevant to the topic. If you’re making an argument, you might want to include a quote that either directly or indirectly reinforces your main point.

Let’s say that you’re conducting a presentation about your company’s mission statement. You might present the information with a Powerpoint presentation, in which case your last slide could include an inspirational quote. The quote can either refer to the mission statement or somehow reinforce the ideas covered in the presentation.

Formatting Your Conclusion

While these 3 strategies should give you some inspiration, they won’t help you format your conclusion. You might know that you want to end your presentation with a Call-To-Action, but how should you “start” your conclusion? How long should you make your conclusion? Finally, what are some good phrases to use for ending a presentation?<br>

Examples of a Good Conclusion

In conclusion, I believe that we can increase our annual revenue this year. We can do this with a combination of increased efficiency in our production process and a more dynamic approach to lead generation. If we implement these changes, I estimate that annual revenue will increase by as much as 15%.

The example above shows a good conclusion for a business presentation. However, some people believe that the term in conclusion is overused. Here’s how to end a presentation using transition words similar to in conclusion .

Transition words help your audience know that your presentation is ending. Try starting your conclusion with one of these phrases:

• To summarize

However, transition words aren’t always necessary. Here are a few good ways to end a presentation using a different approach.

• Summarize Key Takeaways : There are two things that I’d like you to remember from today’s presentation. First, we are a company that consults startups for a fraction of the cost of other consultation services. And second, we have a perfect record of successfully growing startups in a wide variety of industries. If anything was unclear, I’d be happy to open the floor to questions.
• Make a Call-To-Action : I am very passionate about climate change. The future of the planet rests on our shoulders and we are quickly running out of time to take action. That said, I do believe that we can effect real change for future generations. I challenge you to take up the fight for our children and our children’s children.
• Use a Relevant Quote: I’d like to end my presentation with one of my favorite quotes: “Ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country.”

As you can see, your conclusion does not need to be very long. In fact, a conclusion should be short and to the point. This way, you can effectively end your presentation without rambling or adding extraneous (irrelevant) information.

How to End a Presentation in English with Common Phrases

Finally, there are a few generic phrases that people frequently use to wrap up presentations. While we encourage you to think about how to end a presentation using a unique final statement, there’s nothing wrong with using these common closing phrases:

• Thank you for your time.
• I appreciate the opportunity to speak with you today.
• I’ll now answer any questions you have about (topic).
• If you need any further information, feel free to contact me at (contact information).

We hope this guide helps you better understand how to end a presentation ! If you’d like to find out more about how to end a presentation in English effectively, visit Magoosh Speaking today!

Matthew Jones

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10 Powerful Examples of How to End a Presentation

• By Illiya Vjestica
• - January 23, 2023

Here are 10 powerful examples of how to end a presentation that does not end with a thank you slide.

How many presentations have you seen that end with “Thank you for listening” or “Any questions?” I bet it’s a lot…

“Thank you for listening.” is the most common example. Unfortunately, when it comes to closing out your slides ending with “thank you” is the norm. We can create a better presentation ending by following these simple examples.

The two most essential slides of your deck are the ending and intro. An excellent presentation ending is critical to helping the audience to the next step or following a specific call to action.

There are many ways you can increase your presentation retention rate . The most critical steps are having a solid call to action at the end of your presentation and a powerful hook that draws your audience in.

What Action do You Want Your Audience to Take?

Before designing your presentation, start with this question – what message or action will you leave your audience with?

Are you looking to persuade, inspire, entertain or inform your audience? You can choose one or multiple words to describe the intent of your presentation.

Think about the action words that best describe your presentation ending – what do you want them to do? Inspire, book, learn, understand, engage, donate, buy, book or schedule. These are a few examples.

If the goal of your presentation is to inspire, why not end with a powerful and inspiring quote ? Let words of wisdom be the spark that ignites an action within your audience.

Here are three ways to end your presentation:

• Call to Action – getting the audience to take a specific action or next step, for example, booking a call, signing up for an event or donating to your cause.
• Persuade – persuading your audience to think differently, try something new, undertake a challenge or join your movement or community.
• Summarise – A summary of the key points and information you want the audience to remember. If you decide to summarise your talk at the end, keep it to no more than three main points.

10 Examples of How to End a Presentation

1. Asking your audience to take action or make a pledge.

Here were asking the audience to take action by using the wording “take action” in our copy. This call to action is a pledge to donate. A clear message like this can be helpful for charities and non-profits looking to raise funding for their campaign or cause.

2. Encourage your audience to take a specific action, e.g. joining your cause or community

Here was are asking the audience to join our community and help solve a problem by becoming part of the solution. It’s a simple call to action. You can pass the touch to your audience and ask them to take the next lead.

3. Highlight the critical points for your audience to remember.

Rember, to summarise your presentation into no more than three key points. This is important because the human brain struggles to remember more than three pieces of information simultaneously. We call this the “Rule of Three”.

4. If you are trying to get more leads or sales end with a call to action to book a demo or schedule a call.

Can you inspire your audience to sign up for a demo or trial of your product? Structure your talk to lead your prospect through a journey of the results you generate for other clients. At the end of your deck, finish with a specific call to action, such as “Want similar results to X?”

Make sure you design a button, or graphic your prospect can click on when you send them the PDF version of the slides.

5. Challenge your audience to think differently or take action, e.g. what impact could they make?

6. Give your audience actions to help share your message.

7. Promote your upcoming events or workshops

8. Asking your audience to become a volunteer.

9. Direct your audience to learn more about your website.

10. If you are a book author, encourage your audience to engage with your book.

6 Questions to Generate an Ending for Your Presentation

You’ve told an engaging story, but why end your presentation without leaving your audience a clear message or call to action?

Here are six great questions you can ask yourself to generate an ending for your presentation or keynote talk.

• What impression would you want to leave your audience with?
• What is the big idea you want to leave them with?
• What action should they take next?
• What key point should you remember 72 hours after your presentation?
• What do you want them to feel?
• What is the key takeaway for them to understand?

What to Say After Ending a Presentation?

When you get to the end of a book, you don’t see the author say, “thank you for reading my last chapter.” Of course, there is no harm in thanking the audience after your presentation ends, but don’t make that the last words you speak.

Think of the ending of the presentation as the final chapter of an epic novel. It’s your chance to leave a lasting impression on the audience. Close with an impactful ending and leave them feeling empowered, invigorated and engaged.

• Leave a lasting impression.
• Think of it as the last chapter of a book.
• Conclude with a thought or question.
• Leave the audience with a specific action or next step.

How to End a Presentation with Style?

There are many great ways you can end your presentation with style. Are you ready to drop the mic?

Ensure your closing slide is punchy, has a clear headline, or uses a thought-provoking image.

You want to capture the audience’s attention before closing the presentation. Make sure the fonts you choose and are clear and easy to read. And What are the Best Colours for Your PowerPoint presentation? Use them wisely.

Do you need to consider adding a link? If you add links to your social media accounts, use icons and buttons to make them easy to see. Add a link to each button or icon. By doing this, if you send the PDF slides to people, they can follow the links to your various accounts.

What Should you Remember?

💡 If you take one thing away from this post, it’s to lose the traditional ending slides. Let’s move on from the “Thank you for your attention.” or “Any questions.” slides.

These don’t help you or the audience. Respect them and think about what they should do next. You may be interested to learn 3 Tactics to Free Your Presentation Style to help you connect to your audience.

Create stunning presentations with our templates, toolkits and guides.

Illiya Vjestica

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6 Stylish ways to close your presentation

Emily Bartlett Feb 1, 2022 1:56:54 PM

All good things must come to an end, including your presentation. The way you close will affect how your audience responds and remembers.

A weak ending will leave them unenthused and uninspired, within a few hours they may even have forgotten your message.

But a strong ending will fire them up. A strong ending motivates and empowers. A strong ending encourages people to take action. 

So how do you end on a high? Here are 6 tips to ensure you go out with a bang.

1. Call your audience to action

It's not enough to assume your message will inspire people to take action. You need to actually tell them to take action.

I asked Dee Clayton, motivational speaker, public speaking trainer and author of Taming Your Public Speaking Monkeys to share her insight and experience. The call-to-action is Dee's preferred method of closing a speech.

"Summing up the action you want your audience to take is a great way to finish up. To do this, it's best to use a two-pronged approach:

• Start with a negative motivation – help them see how bad things will be if they don't do what you are suggesting.
• Finish with a positive motivation – paint a picture of how good things will be when they do what you recommend."

Dee stresses the importance of following this pattern.

Always give the negative first, followed by the positive. You'll end on a motivating high and will maximize your chances of inspiring the audience into action.

2. Refer back to the opening message

Closing a presentation with a look back at the opening message is a popular technique. It's a neat way to round off your message, whilst simultaneously summing up the entire speech.

There are a few ways to approach this technique:

• Set up a question at the beginning of your speech and use your ending to answer it.
• Finish a story you started, using the anecdote to demonstrate your message.
• Close with the title of the presentation – this works best with a provocative, memorable title.

Do you know who's really good at this technique? Stand up comedians. They often make jokes early in the set that they unexpectedly refer back to (in a different context) at the end.

This is known as callback comedy and it often generates the biggest laugh of the night. It's a powerful move because it creates a feeling of familiarity and camaraderie with the audience, making them feel like they're in on the joke.

3. Practice the rule of three

The rule of three is a simple yet powerful and effective method of communication. We use it in written and spoken communications all the time (did you notice I used it just then?).

The rule of three is the understanding that ideas, concepts and beliefs are more memorable and interesting when presented in threes. It's a very persuasive number, three.

Here are three excellent real-world examples of the rule of three.

First, Winston Churchill: "This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning."

Now, Julius Caesar: "Veni, vidi, vici"

And Benjamin Disraeli: "There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics."

4. Close with a summary

"If you've already explained your content well and in an engaging way, there is no need to summarize the content again at the end," Dee Clayton says.

She's right. There are far more powerful ways to end your presentation.  However, it might be necessary if your message is particularly complicated or your speech is a long one.

Summarizing content can be a little dry – both for you and your audience. Make your summary more palatable with humor, a fascinating anecdote or interesting linguistic devices (like repetition, rhyming, and the rule of three).

5. Don't end with questions

If Dee has one absolute speechwriting no-no, it's this:

"Never end with the questions. Too many people make this mistake. If you get a negative question, you've dulled the whole presentation and the audience leave on a negative note. Always do the questions before the wrap up."

Too many people end with questions and it often goes off track. This is memorable for no one. By the time you've answered a handful of semi-relevant questions, the audience have forgotten most of what you've told them.

Take questions throughout your presentation so they remain pertinent to the content.

6) Make it clear that you've finished

Nothing is more uncomfortable than the deafening silence of an audience working out if you've finished.

Your closing words should make it very clear that it's the end of the presentation. The audience should be able to read this immediately, and respond (hopefully with applause).

If the applause isn't forthcoming, stand confidently and wait. Don't fidget and certainly don't eke out a half-hearted, 'And that just about covers it. Thank you'.

Dee used her two-prong approach to explain the importance of making your ending clear:

"If you don't spend some time considering how to end your presentation, you may find yourself floundering at the end. You may wonder why few people actually action what you suggest and why there's no reassuring applause! But when you do put a bit of thought, planning and practice into your ending, you will look confident, inspire the audience into action and be able to leave the stage with your head held high."

And isn't that all we really want from our presentations?

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4 Ways You’re Ending Your Business Presentations Wrong

Close a presentation effectively.

You may think your presentations are incredibly well put together; you invest a lot of time into practicing your delivery and you are careful to use body language that sends a positive message to your audience. You know your stuff. You speak confidently. You hook your listeners with an opening that they can’t resist.

Collectively, these are terrific presentations skills and they are critical to your overall presentation. Do they also culminate with an equally formidable conclusion that leaves your listeners ready to spring into action?

Here’s what you need to know about delivering a memorable business presentation: How you end your presentation is what the audience will remember the most. The next most memorable piece? Your opening . That’s not to say everything in between doesn’t matter—after all, it’s the meat of your presentation—but your opening and your closing need to be spot-on. If the final three minutes of your presentation does not leave a lasting impression on your listeners, it’s doubtful they’ll be inclined to do anything with the information you’ve given them after the presentation wraps up.

End a Business Presentation Like a Pro

Just like programming a GPS, it’s easier and more effective to plan your route when you know where you want to end up. Use the same principle when you sit down to work on your presentation: Create the ending first so you can map out the shortest, simplest, and most effective route to get there. The Number 1 mistake people make in their business presentations is failing to get to the end fast enough. There isn’t a prize for the presenter who talks the longest. Say what you need to say and then stop.  Believe me, your audience will appreciate your ability to deliver a timely message.

Here are other mistakes you might not even realize you’re making at the end of your business presentations:

You don’t tie up loose ends. We tell our workshop participants that one of the best ways to start a presentation is with a story .  If you open with a story, you need to make sure it has a conclusion, which is usually placed in your closing. Think of it this way: When you watch a movie or read a book, you expect a sense of closure at the end, even if it’s a bad outcome. Don’t leave your audience hanging; if you open with a story, let them know how the story ends.

You don’t emphasize your main point with repetition. Repetition is the key to learning; it’s the reason you practice your presentation over and over before delivering it.  Repeat your main point in your closing so that your audience will think about it one more time.  Remember, the last few minutes of your presentation are what people will remember the most.

There’s no call to action. If you don’t tell your audience what to do with the information you’ve given them, there’s a pretty good chance they’ll do nothing, and your presentation goes to waste.  Challenge your listeners to do something after your presentation, even if it’s just to look at the world in a different way.  Business presentations don’t have to be dry and boring. Figure out a way to motivate your listeners to do something when it’s over.

The Message Lasts Beyond Your Final Words

Are you guilty of making any of these mistakes? Knowing how to close a presentation effectively is one of the most important skills to have in your public speaking arsenal if you want audiences to remember you after the mic is turned off.

Don’t forget to check out our social media pages for more tips on public speaking and business communication skills. You’ll find us on Facebook , Twitter , Google+ and LinkedIn .

14 Comments

Sage advice. I will remember to start with the end in mind. Nice blog post.

Ꮃorking as a contгact paralegal has factors in its favor, and factors which migһt Ƅe adverse to some peoρle. Most of us arn’t very good at presenting.

One of the things my favorite speeches or presentations have is a link from the opening to the closing. Whether its tying statistics together, finishing the appealing short story, answering the question, or using a compare and contrast method, when a speaker closes by showing me where we started by showing me how the finish really ties back to the beginning, I feel the message is complete. This process doesn’t always happen and I’m left thinking, “That’s it?!?”

Good post! We are linking to this great content on our website. Keep up the good writing.

Helpful information. I try to remember that the first thing someone will remember about me is the last thing I said. Thank you.

I completely agree with the idea that business presentations don’t have to be dry and boring. There is always room for creativity and that is what can set you apart from others.

Nice post. I had always issues with body language but I am working in it. Also sometimes the presentation goes well, but the closeing isnt as good. Good tips.

Great Post, I also had trouble with the endings. I’ll definitely give a task to my fellow crowd next time.

Ahh, so thank you here’s my business card isn’t sufficient. I need to get better at this for sure!

Well written and useful post. Yes, the beginning and the closing is so important, and so is body language.

Thanks for sharing these tips. I’ve read a lot about public speaking and your site is easy to navigate and your blogs are easy to understand (that’s a big accomplishment there). I never knew the end part of the presentation The recommendations are excellent because giving a speech is a form of story-telling. You really hit the nail on its head with these tips.

Thank you for these tips. I recently got promoted at work and will have to start giving press conferences as well as hosting rooms filled with potential clients. My wife noticed I hadn’t been eating much, I have been a nervous wreck. She actually e-mailed me this page. These small tips have likely saved me from embarrassing myself or losing my audience. Thank you!!

Wow! this is really a professional advice, the end of a presentation is also as important as the end as well.Thanks alot for sharing

Good article. Very informative and reliable, thanks for sharing this and keep up the good work. Very much appreciated

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How to Open and Close a Presentation in 8 Memorable Ways

What makes an exceptional presentation? Obviously, it needs to provide plenty of data to support the presenter’s primary objective. But, believe it or not, the heart of a presentation— the gist, the meat, the essence of it— isn’t what makes audiences sit up and take notice.

It doesn’t matter how flashy or informative a presentation (even one designed with a PowerPoint alternative ) might be. It’s a strong opening and closing that will make an audience care. Without these key elements— and slides to represent each— all the research and preparation put into a presentation are for naught. An effective presentation will start out strong and end on a powerful note.

Attracting audience members’ attention from the beginning of your presentation is vital if there’s any hope of getting them to care about what you have to say. Once they’ve tuned you out, it’s all over. Therefore, make a bold statement, intrigue them and stimulate their curiosity of what will come next.

According to Darlene Price , president of Well Said Inc., and author of, “Well Said! Presentations and Conversations That Get Results,” when we speak, we only have about 60 seconds to capture an audience's attention, establish our credibility, familiarize the audience to our topic and motivate it to listen.

“You need to put the art in the start — the most important part of the work,” Price told Business Insider.

At the same time, the end of a presentation is the best chance to leave a lasting impression on an audience. Don’t just describe your final point and then let your presentation trail off, leaving audiences to guess when you’re done. A powerful presentation ending will include calls to action, visions of the future and words to live by.

Do you have plenty of content and professionally-designed slides for your presentation, but need some help opening and closing with a bang? Check out these eight memorable ways to open and close a presentation. 

1. Start with a, “Thank you,” instead of ending with one.

Instead of ending your presentation with a thank you, try starting with one. By welcoming your audience and thanking it for attending your presentation, for giving you the opportunity to speak or make a pitch to it, you start the whole thing off with a positive first impression. 

This step of public speaking not only shows your sincerity, but it also establishes a sense of respect, trust and community with your audience. Plus, by showing your appreciation in the beginning, you leave yourself room to end with a strong call to action.

2. Hook your audience with a bold statement.

Get your audience on board with listening by making a bold statement to hook its attention. A confident assertion signals confidence and peaks the audience’s interest, but don’t make a statement that is just crazy or serves no other purpose than providing shock value. 

Whatever the statement, the rest of your presentation has to back it up. Examples of strong hooks include short, yet surprising or motivational stories, thought-provoking analogies or metaphors, shocking statistics related to the presentation topic or even unique yet inspiring quotes by well-known figures from the past or present.

3. Transition between presentation points.

It’s easy for audience members to lose focus in between stages of even the most titillating presentations. Using strong linking and transitional phrases help bring them back around. These statements are the glue that holds a presentation together. 

Strategic transitions will help an audience move from one idea to the next. To bridge the gap between a hook and the rest of the presentation, try asking, for example, open-ended and rhetorical questions that push the audience to ponder about what is coming next. 

Make eye contact with your audience members and make sure they are still engaged with the information you’re presenting. Carefully-chosen transitions are powerful ways to not only introduce the next segment, but also pull in an audience’s attention all over again.

4. Tell a personal story.

Telling a brief, personal story early in a presentation is an effective way to connect with an audience . When people hear the speaker tell his or her own story, they tend to pay attention. 

Plus, telling a 60- to 90-second narrative shows the audience you’re invested in the topic and opens an opportunity to show you’re passionate about the information you’re presenting. If you don’t have any personal experience with the topic, you can substitute a historic story, a fable or an anecdote, instead. 

Be sure to follow a story arc, including a main character, a challenge or obstacle relating to the presentation topic, a tale of how that challenge was overcome and what lessons were learned by the protagonist that can also be applied to the audience.

5. Show the audience how it benefits.

Why should the audience care? You’ve grabbed its attention with a hook, and you’ve transitioned to a personal story to which it can relate. Now you want to engage audience members with how the advice or plan presented will benefit them, their business, their loved ones or their financial stability. 

Don’t assume the audience already knows. This is also an optimal opportunity to show the audience, not simply stop with telling it. Using a sense of optimism, paint a vivid picture of the future benefits with descriptive and emotional words. Once the audience envisions the positive outcome, it will start to believe in the possibility.  

6. Summarize key takeaways.

After you’ve presented the primary content, it’s important to summarize the presentation’s key takeaways before transitioning to a strong end. Let the audience know you’re starting to wrap things up, and make sure it’s on board with what it should take away from the presentation, using simple, straightforward language. 

Often, savvy presenters will break down their content to three takeaways and summarize those, but others will round off their message by referencing back to the opening hook. Doing so not only summarizes the presentation, but also completes the circle of the topic, connecting back to the start. 

If a question was posed in the opening, it can be answered in the takeaway. It can also be a prime opportunity to explain the moral of a story told earlier in the presentation.

7. End with an ask.

Any effective presentation will feature a call-to-action toward the end. What was your purpose for giving the presentation, and what do you want the audience to do after receiving your message? 

Again, don’t assume the audience automatically knows the desired next step, and don’t use overly flowery language that leaves any room for imagination. Be clear and concise. The clearer and more specific the call-to-action, the more people will take the advice. 

8. Finish with a clincher.

Many speakers will end their presentations with the call to action. But we also like to finish everything off with a clincher— one last story, compelling statistic or inspirational quote that serves as the cherry on top of an ice cream presentation. 

Don’t take this opportunity to summarize the previous content; another rehashing will just bore both the speaker and the audience. Instead, end the presentation with humor or inspiration. Find a relative and memorable yet unique quotation or story from master storytellers like Mark Twain or Steve Jobs, presenters who often left audiences with ideas to ponder long after they parted company. 

Including a statement so profound that it later turns into a soundbite or a meme can extend the presentation’s life far beyond its scheduled time frame. The clincher is also an effective ending slide to a visual presentation.

What elements do you most use when developing effective presentation openings and closings?

Samantha Pratt Lile

Samantha is an independent journalist, editor, blogger and content manager. Examples of her published work can be found at sites including the Huffington Post, Thrive Global, and Buzzfeed.

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How to Close a Presentation?

As a sales professional, you understand the power of a presentation. You know, the works: how to grab attention, present your case, and navigate through the complexities of client needs and objections.

You're probably familiar with that moment at the end of a sales presentation, that part in the end where it feels like everything hangs in the balance. The closing isn't just another part of your pitch; it's the final act that can make all the difference.

But here's a question: how much emphasis do you place on the way you close your presentation? 

In this article, we're diving deep into the art of closing a sales presentation. Not just any close, but one that leaves a lasting impression, persuades decisively, and turns prospects into clients. We'll explore the criticality of a strong close, identify common challenges you might face, and provide you with effective strategies to ensure your closing is as powerful as your opening.

Along the way, we'll also discuss what to avoid, ensuring your final words aren't just heard, but remembered and acted upon.

Whether you're a seasoned sales leader or an up-and-coming rep, it's time to make every ending a new beginning for your clients, leaving them not just satisfied, but eager to take the next step with you and your product.

What you’ll learn in this blog:

Ending A Presentation: Why Is It Important?

In the world of sales , everything builds up to the close. But despite its importance, the closing is often the most overlooked part of a sales presentation.

Many sales professionals focus heavily on the opening and body of their presentation, only to lose steam as they approach the finish line.

Effective closing techniques can significantly impact the decision-making process of your audience and presentations with a strong, clear close are more likely to convert prospects into customers. It should go beyond summarizing key points; they galvanize, motivate, and, most importantly, inspire action.

How A Strong Closing Impacts Your Buyer’s Decision

Think of your presentation as a story. Every story has a climax, a moment where everything comes together. In sales, your closing is that climax. It's where the value you've been demonstrating meets the client's needs head-on, reinforcing the key benefits of your proposition and making sure they resonate with their pain points.

Your closing is where you solidify the relationship you've built throughout your presentation and where you make your final push for a commitment.

The final words of your presentation linger in the minds of your clients long after you've left the room. Your closing should incite a sense of urgency, a feeling that the opportunity presented is too valuable to pass up. It's the final nudge that can turn a maybe into a yes, transforming prospects into clients.

5 Common Challenges in Closing a Presentation

Picture this : You're nearing the end of your sales presentation. The slides have gone smoothly, the audience seems engaged, but as the closing approaches, a sense of uncertainty creeps in. This scenario is not uncommon in sales. Closing a presentation can be daunting, even for the most seasoned sales professionals.

Let's face it, even if you've navigated the earlier parts of your presentation with finesse, the closing can present unique challenges. It's the make-or-break moment that demands precision and confidence.

Here are some common challenges you may have encountered when closing your presentation:

1. Lack of a Clear Call to Action

One of the biggest hurdles in closing effectively is the absence of a clear, compelling call to action. Without this, your audience might be left wondering what the next steps are.

2. Overcoming Objections

At the closing stage, any lingering doubts or objections from the client can become magnified. Addressing these effectively is crucial but often tricky.

3. Maintaining Audience Engagement

Keeping the audience engaged till the very end is vital. A drop in engagement during the closing can dilute the impact of your entire presentation.

4. Projecting Confidence

Many sales reps struggle to maintain confidence in their closing, which can lead to a weak and unconvincing end to the presentation.

Either rushing through the close or dragging it out can negatively impact the effectiveness of your presentation.

These challenges, while common, are not insurmountable. Recognizing them is the first step towards crafting a closing that not only avoids these pitfalls but leverages them as opportunities to strengthen your pitch.

Think about the last time you faced one of these challenges. How did it affect your presentation's outcome? Understanding these hurdles in the context of your experience can provide valuable insights into refining your approach.

As you continue through this article, we'll explore strategies to tackle each of these challenges head-on. The goal is not just to close with confidence but to turn each closing into an opportunity to leave a lasting, positive impression on your prospects.

6 Elements of a Memorable and Impactful Closing

You've navigated the challenges of ending a presentation, and now it's time to focus on what makes a closing truly memorable. A great closing does more than end a presentation; it cements your message in the minds of your audience and drives them towards action.

Think back to a time when a presentation really stuck with you. What was it about the closing that made it so impactful? Chances are, it included some of these key elements:

1. Clarity and Conciseness

A memorable closing is clear and to the point. It distills your presentation into its essence, leaving no room for ambiguity about how your offering provides value to your prospects and which challenges it solves.

2. Strong Call-to-Action

This is your 'ask'. A powerful closing clearly states what you want your audience to do next. Whether it's scheduling a follow-up meeting, signing a contract, or taking a product for a test drive, your call to action should be compelling and unambiguous.

3. Emotional Connection

Emotions drive decisions. A memorable closing taps into the emotions of your audience, whether it's excitement about a new opportunity, relief at finding a solution, or anticipation of future success.

4. Summarizing Key Benefits

Reiterate the top benefits of your product or service, but do it in a way that’s fresh and engaging. The repetition doesn’t only ensure your audience remembers the most crucial points.

5. Addressing Final Objections

Anticipate and address any lingering doubts. This shows that you understand your audience's concerns and are prepared to provide solutions.

6. Personal Touch

A touch of personalization can make your closing resonate more deeply. Refer back to something specific from earlier in the presentation or to a particular point raised by the audience.

Don’t rush through it. Instead, use it to succinctly and effectively summarize your value proposition, creating a lasting impact.

As you prepare for your next presentation, consider how you can incorporate these elements into your closing. Think about the specific needs of your audience and how your closing can address them directly and compellingly.

How To Conclude A Presentation: 7 Strategies To Use

How do you transform a good presentation into a great one? The answer often lies in how you close. This is the time for you to solidify your message and compel your prospect to take action.

By now, you know that a one-size-fits-all approach doesn’t work. Tailoring your closing strategies to fit the context and your audience can make all the difference.  Now, let’s explore strategies that can elevate your closing from routine to remarkable, complete with practical examples.

1. The Summary Close

In your closing, reflect on the most impactful benefit of your offering as it pertains to the prospect's specific situation. Instead of just summarizing your presentation, highlight how your product or service uniquely benefits them.

For instance, if they showed keen interest in cost-saving, you might say, 'Imagine the significant improvements in your processes, leading to not just time efficiency but also cost saving.' This targeted summary ensures the key advantages of your product or service remain top-of-mind and are directly tied to their unique needs.

2. The Question Close

This involves ending your presentation with a thought-provoking question that prompts the audience to think deeply about the implications of not acting. This can be about their current challenges, how they envision the solution you're offering fitting into their business, or what’s holding them back from making a decision.

This approach encourages dialogue and keeps the conversation going even after the presentation ends. It’s effective because it leaves the audience with a lingering thought that ties back to their need or problem.

3. The Future Projection Close

Paint a picture of what the future could look like with your solution in place. Show your audience what success looks like with your solution. This could involve sharing success stories, presenting statistics, or creating a vivid scenario.

This approach is effective because it helps the audience visualize the positive outcome of choosing your solution. It may look like this, “Imagine, six months from now, your team is surpassing its targets, with half the cost and half the time it usually takes. How does that change the game for you?”

4. The Problem-Solution Close

Reiterate a key problem your audience faces and how your offering uniquely solves it. This reaffirms your understanding of their needs and positions your product or service as the ideal solution.

It works well because it reinforces the main message and benefits in a clear, concise manner. For example, “To recap, our solution offers A, B, and C benefits, directly addressing your concerns about X, Y, and Z.”

5. The Incentive Close

If appropriate, end your presentation by offering a special incentive or a limited-time offer as part of your closing. This could be a discount, a free trial, or an exclusive offer for those in attendance.

6. The Testimonial Close

Share a brief, powerful testimonial from a satisfied customer . This adds credibility and can greatly influence the decision-making process, especially if the testimonial resonates with the audience's situation.

For example, “Just last month, [Client Company] shortened their sales cycle from 153 days to just 72 days during last year meaning over 53% shorter sales cycles and over 2x more revenue.”

7. Personalize Your Closing Techniques

Remember, the key to a successful close is personalization . Understand your audience’s unique needs and tailor your closing strategy to address them directly. This personalized approach demonstrates your commitment to providing value and building a relationship, not just making a sale.

As you prepare for your next presentation, consider which of these strategies aligns best with your audience and your message. Experiment with different approaches and observe the responses you receive. Over time, you’ll find the perfect formula for closing your sales presentations effectively.

Remember that your final words are as important as your first. They are your last chance to make an impression, to persuade, and to inspire action. Use them wisely, and watch as your presentations turn into successful sales conversions.

Mistakes to Avoid When Closing Your Presentation

Now that we’ve gone through how to close a sales presentation, it's just as important to be aware of what not to do. Avoiding certain pitfalls can be the difference between a successful close and one that falls flat.

Let's discuss some common mistakes you should steer clear of when wrapping up your presentation.

Losing Focus at the End

One of the most common mistakes is losing focus towards the end. After delivering a strong opening and engaging middle, some sales professionals tend to relax too much as they approach the close.

Remember, the closing is your strategic finale – it should be as focused and sharp as the rest of your presentation. Keep your energy up and maintain engagement with your audience right through the final word.

Overwhelming with Too Much Information

Another pitfall is overwhelming your audience with too much information at the close. You might be tempted to throw in one last statistic, one more feature, or an additional benefit, but this can dilute your message.

Your close should be clear and concise, summarizing your key points without introducing new information that can distract from your main message.

Skipping the Call to Action

A surprisingly common oversight is not having a clear call to action. Your audience needs to know what you expect them to do next.

Without this, no matter how compelling your presentation, it may not lead to the action you desire. Make your call to action clear and direct, ensuring it aligns with the objectives of your presentation.

Ignoring Audience Cues

Failing to read and respond to audience cues is a critical error. Throughout your presentation, your audience provides signals about their engagement and understanding.

Undermining Your Own Message

Undermining your message with qualifiers like “I hope you found this interesting” or “If you think this might be useful” can unintentionally weaken your position. Such statements can make it sound like you lack confidence in your offering.

Instead, close with confidence, affirming the value and relevance of your solution.

Rushing Through the Close

Finally, avoid rushing through your closing remarks. It’s tempting to speed up at the end, especially if you’re running out of time. However, a rushed close can leave your audience feeling unfulfilled and unclear about the next steps.

Take your time to articulate your closing points clearly, ensuring they resonate with your audience.

To Summarize: End The Presentation With Confidence

As we wrap up this journey through the nuances of closing a sales presentation, remember that the end of your pitch is as critical as the beginning. A well-executed close can transform a good presentation into an unforgettable one, leaving a lasting impression that moves your audience to action.

We've explored the significance of a strong closing, the common challenges you might face, and the strategies to overcome them. We've delved into what makes a closing memorable and the pitfalls to avoid.

Each of these elements plays a vital role in crafting a closing that resonates with your audience and achieves your goals.

Now, it's over to you. As a sales rep or leader, your challenge is to take these insights and apply them to your unique selling scenarios. Use the strategies discussed here to refine your approach, tailoring your close to the specific needs and interests of your audience.

Remember, your closing is not just the end of your presentation; it's the gateway to new business relationships and opportunities.

Learn next: 

Showell is more than just a sales enablement tool; it's your partner in delivering impactful and seamless presentations. With Showell, you can craft, manage, and present your sales content in a way that's engaging, professional, and aligned with your closing strategy. The best part? It’s free! So get Showell Free or book a demo today . Experience firsthand how it can elevate your presentation game and help you close with confidence and effectiveness.

Embrace each presentation as an opportunity to demonstrate your expertise, connect with your audience, and leave a mark that goes beyond the boardroom. With the right tools and strategies at your disposal, you're not just closing a presentation; you're opening doors to new possibilities. Happy selling!

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The Most Powerful Way to End a Presentation

Use one of these approaches to make sure your next presentation achieves the result you desire..

There are many tips for delivering a great presentation , and while it is important to grab your audience at the beginning , what you do at the end can make all the difference in your presentation's overall impact and success.

Getting rid of the "questions?" slide.

To start, let's talk about what you shouldn't do. You shouldn't end a presentation with a slide that asks "Questions?" Everyone does and there is nothing memorable about this approach.

Ideally, you should take questions throughout the presentation so that the question asked and the answer given is relevant to the content presented. If you choose to take questions at the end of your presentation, end instead with a strong image that relates to your presentation's content.

Effective endings

To be truly effective, take questions and then finish with a closing that is as powerful as the beginning of your presentation.

Here are three techniques for creating a memorable ending include:

Use a quote that will stay with your audience members long after they leave the room.

I saw a fantastic presentation on what it takes to motivate a staff. The manager had provided a list of tips and techniques that worked for her, but I most strongly remember how she ended the presentation.

She listed each of her approaches with this simple quote in white letters on a black background emblazoned on the screen behind her:

"The simple act of paying positive attention to people has a great deal to do with productivity." --Tom Peters

Her entire presentation had been about positive reinforcement and while I can't recall all of her tips, I will always remember the quote.

2. A call to action

Most business presentations' primary purpose is to move the audience to action. Use the last few minutes of the presentation to reinforce the call to action you seek. Examples of strong calls to actions include:

"Join the Fight"

"Begin the Journey"

"Improve the Process"

"Donate Today"

Assume that your presentation has delivered the information needed by the audience members to move them in a direction and make your call to action definitive and instructional.

3. A compelling story

Ending your presentation on a story--especially if that story is personal or illustrates how the content presented affects others--is the best way to conclude.

Many times I see companies defaulting to a case study. While a case study is good, consider how you can turn it into a meaningful story--how does or could the work being proposed influence others' lives? Creating empathy with your audience and tying the story back to points made throughout the presentation ensures your presentation will hit the mark.

One of the very best examples I have seen of this in action is the presentation given by Scott Harrison of charity:water . He starts his speech with a personal story that draws you in and ends it with a heart-wrenching story about Rachel Beckwith that you won't soon forget.

You can see Scott's amazing use of a compelling story with an awesome call to action at this link:

https://www.inc.com/video/201110/inc-5000-scott-harrison-charity-water.html

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How to Close Your Presentation Effectively

September 13, 2017 by Muhammad Noer

Closing a presentation properly and effectively is an important skill a presenter should master. The Presentation’s Closing is as Important as The Opening

The aim of the opening of a presentation is to attract the audience and make them have a good impression about the presentation. While the aim of the closing of a presentation is to persuade the audience to remember and do the message you deliver in your presentation.

As I explained in my book, people tend to remember more the last thing the listen or see. It could happen because the very recent information people get is still new and linger in people’s mind. This thing is called Recency Effect.

A great presenter will think very hard about the idea that the audiences have to bring from his presentation. The audiences should remember just one thing that will help them understand the whole presentation the presenter has delivered.

Unfortunately, many presenters don’t close their presentations properly, effectively and persuasively. It cause the audiences could not remember the content of the presentation that has been delivered after the last session is over.

In this article you will learn about the function of the presentation’s closing, how to close a presentation properly and how to compose a proper closing sentences in a presentation,

The Function of a Presentation

There are 3 functions of a closing in a presentation:

1. To summarize the whole material you deliver,

2. To make the audience remember the main idea of your presentation, and

3. To persuade the audiences to take an action.

How to Close a Presentation Properly

After we know the functions of the closing of a presentation, now I will show you several example and proper presentation’s closing technique.

1. Summarizing the main message

This is the easiest add fastest way to close your presentation.

Each presentation must have a main message. In this way, you summarize the main points of your presentation you have delivered. “As a closing, I want you to have the main skill a manager should have.

First, communication. As a manager, you will be judged by how you communicate. Make sure you communicate coherently and clearly so that people understand what you deliver.

Second, motivation. A good manager needs to master motivation techniques. If your employee is well motivated, it is easy to direct each employee to the common goal.

Third, delegation. Remember! A manager is not a superman. You need to learn to delegate task to the most proper person. By that way, the result will be multiply.

And the last, building. A good manager can create a better leader. Teach your team, know the their talents and weaknesses and help them to progress well.

If you master those four skills, I am sure you will be a great manager who can direct a great team.”

2. Using statements or quotations

A statement or a quotation is very good to use for closing your presentation. Arrange a good statement which fits to the main idea of your presentation. You can also quote sentences from the famous figure who is well known to your audiences.

In a presentation in TEDx Jakarta with topic “How to Read 52 Books in a Year” I used the quotation technique to close my presentation.

Here is the closing sentences.

“ And if you are a learner in life, fast reading will help you to love reading activities. It will help you learn so many new skills and you will finally become a excellent person.

By that way, you will become a person who will develop our beloved Indonesia now and in the future.

Therefore, if one day there is someone asks you how man books you read in a year, you will proudly answer, ‘I read 52 books in a year because I am a fast reader .’ ”

3. Using call to action

Call to action is an invitation to command an act.

Remember, the audiences don’t always understand what you expect from them. That is why in call to action, you deliver what action the audiences need to take.

Call to action is very important especially for the persuasive presentation where you want to sell some products, services, or in order your idea be approved and affirmed by the audiences.

This is the examples:

“You all know that family cars are diverse. But, only few cars can answer all your questions. Family car must be comfortable and fit to be used by all family members. That car must be economical so that you don’t need to spend a lot of money to refill the gas. And lastly, the price of your car must be fit with the benefits you will get from the car you buy. And that car is now right in front of you.

I invite you all to register and do the test drive.

Don’t miss it! Because the test drive activity is held only today. Feel the greatness and the comfort of this car and be clever Indonesian family who buy the right family car.”

Those are 3 ways to close a presentation properly.

If you use one of them well, the audiences will remember your main idea. Besides, they will probably take an action as you expect they to do.

Therefore, you will be successful delivering an effective and impressive presentation.

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About Muhammad Noer

Muhammad Noer is a Human Resources Professional who has passion in sharing how to create and deliver a great presentation.

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How to Give a Killer Presentation

Lessons from TED by Chris Anderson

Summary .   

For more than 30 years, the TED conference series has presented enlightening talks that people enjoy watching. In this article, Anderson, TED’s curator, shares five keys to great presentations:

• Frame your story (figure out where to start and where to end).
• Plan your delivery (decide whether to memorize your speech word for word or develop bullet points and then rehearse it—over and over).
• Work on stage presence (but remember that your story matters more than how you stand or whether you’re visibly nervous).
• Plan the multimedia (whatever you do, don’t read from PowerPoint slides).
• Put it together (play to your strengths and be authentic).

According to Anderson, presentations rise or fall on the quality of the idea, the narrative, and the passion of the speaker. It’s about substance—not style. In fact, it’s fairly easy to “coach out” the problems in a talk, but there’s no way to “coach in” the basic story—the presenter has to have the raw material. So if your thinking is not there yet, he advises, decline that invitation to speak. Instead, keep working until you have an idea that’s worth sharing.

A little more than a year ago, on a trip to Nairobi, Kenya, some colleagues and I met a 12-year-old Masai boy named Richard Turere, who told us a fascinating story. His family raises livestock on the edge of a vast national park, and one of the biggest challenges is protecting the animals from lions—especially at night. Richard had noticed that placing lamps in a field didn’t deter lion attacks, but when he walked the field with a torch, the lions stayed away. From a young age, he’d been interested in electronics, teaching himself by, for example, taking apart his parents’ radio. He used that experience to devise a system of lights that would turn on and off in sequence—using solar panels, a car battery, and a motorcycle indicator box—and thereby create a sense of movement that he hoped would scare off the lions. He installed the lights, and the lions stopped attacking. Soon villages elsewhere in Kenya began installing Richard’s “lion lights.”

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• Open access
• Published: 28 September 2024

Low-carbon information quality dimensions and random forest algorithm evaluation model in digital marketing

• Weiji Gao 1 , 2 ,
• Zhihua Ding 1 ,
• Junyu Lu 3 &
• Yulong Wan 2  

Scientific Reports volume  14 , Article number:  22416 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

Metrics details

• Environmental economics
• Environmental impact
• Environmental social sciences
• Psychology and behaviour
• Socioeconomic scenarios
• Sustainability

The growing urgency for low-carbon lifestyles necessitates developing effective strategies to promote sustainable consumer choices. This study investigates key dimensions of information quality that shape consumer behavior within digital marketing to achieve this goal. Employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates grounded theory and machine learning, this study identifies three core dimensions of low-carbon information quality: matching quality, presentation quality, and interpretability quality. These dimensions underscore the importance of aligning information with consumer needs, ensuring clear and accurate presentation, and fostering transparency for trustworthiness. A Random Forest algorithm-based evaluation model is constructed to assess low-carbon information quality, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying high-quality, sustainable content. This research provides a practical tool for digital marketers to enhance their strategies, raise consumer awareness of sustainable options, and ultimately contribute to the growth of the low-carbon consumption market.

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Introduction.

The escalating challenges of global climate change have led to a growing demand for low-carbon products and services 1 . A 2023 World Economic Forum study revealed that over 65% of consumers actively seek low-carbon offerings 2 . This trend is further corroborated by the significant sales growth observed in the low-carbon product lines of companies like Unilever and Nike 3 . However, converting this interest into actual low-carbon consumption is challenging. Research indicates that consumer perceptions of information quality regarding low-carbon products, particularly in terms of accuracy, credibility, and alignment with their needs, significantly influence their purchasing decisions 4 . Therefore, to effectively guide consumer behavior toward low-carbon choices, businesses must prioritize the quality of low-carbon information disseminated through their digital marketing strategies 5 .

Digital marketing, a crucial promotional strategy for businesses, plays a vital role in promoting low-carbon consumption 6 . Companies are increasingly integrating low-carbon elements into these strategies 7 . For example, Patagonia successfully leverages its digital platform to promote environmental awareness and low-carbon products, achieving positive market responses 8 . However, despite growing attention to low-carbon initiatives, the adoption of low-carbon consumption practices has not increased proportionally 9 . This disparity highlights the need for businesses to effectively communicate low-carbon information through their digital marketing strategies 10 , optimizing information quality to maximize consumer engagement with low-carbon consumption 11 , 12 .

Previous research on low-carbon information has primarily focused on dissemination methods and consumer attitudes 4 . However, limited attention has been given to specific dimensions of low-carbon information quality and effective evaluation methods, particularly from a consumer-centric perspective 13 . This study addresses this gap by exploring: (1) key dimensions of low-carbon information quality influencing consumer behavior in digital marketing recommendations; and (2) whether a Random Forest algorithm-based model can effectively evaluate the quality of low-carbon information in these recommendations.

Drawing upon Information Quality Theory (IQT) 14 , this study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating grounded theory and machine learning. While IQT provides a valuable framework for understanding information quality, it requires further contextualization to address the nuances of low-carbon information within digital marketing 15 . This research provides a nuanced understanding of low-carbon information quality, recognizing its potential to motivate low-carbon choices and evoke positive emotions associated with low-carbon lifestyles 16 . Through grounded theory analysis, a low-carbon information quality evaluation model incorporating multiple features is constructed, and a Random Forest algorithm is employed to train and validate this model. This research aims to provide digital marketing professionals with a practical tool for identifying and promoting high-quality low-carbon information, ultimately enhancing campaign effectiveness and maximizing consumer engagement with low-carbon products and services.

This research contributes to the existing literature by: (1) developing a novel, consumer-centric, low-carbon information quality evaluation model within the context of digital marketing, encompassing three core dimensions: matching quality, presentation quality, and interpretability quality; and (2) combining grounded theory and the Random Forest algorithm to construct a quantifiable model for assessing low-carbon information quality, analyzing the impact of features on model predictions, and providing practical guidance for enhancing information quality. This study equips digital marketers with an effective method for identifying and promoting high-quality low-carbon information, ultimately driving low-carbon consumption and contributing to a low-carbon economy.

Literature review

• Digital marketing

The concept of digital marketing can be traced back to the rise of internet commercialization in the 1990s 17 .Since the mid-2010s, the use of digital technologies for marketing purposes, known as digital marketing, has experienced rapid growth due to the widespread adoption of mobile internet and smart devices 18 . This growth has attracted significant attention across various industries 19 . Digital marketing, emerging alongside the rapid advancements in internet technology, has revolutionized industries practices by enhancing market responsiveness and fostering innovation. It empowers industries to expand their market power by reshaping firm boundaries and significantly improves customer engagement and brand loyalty, leading to increased sales growth and market share expansion 20 , 21 . These advancements offer companies a sustained competitive advantage 22 .

Technological innovation plays a pivotal role in this transformation. Blockchain technology, integrated into digital marketing management systems, has demonstrated significant improvements in sales efficiency and pre-sale consultation rates 23 . Artificial intelligence (AI), through automated recommendation systems and data analytics, optimizes marketing strategies, enabling targeted marketing and personalized services 24 . For instance, Netflix and Amazon leverage AI to recommend personalized movies and products to users, significantly enhancing user satisfaction and loyalty 20 . Big data analytics empowers businesses to understand customer needs and market trends better, facilitating more effective marketing decisions 25 . Furthermore, the integration of mobile marketing and augmented reality technologies has significantly influenced consumer purchasing decisions and shopping experiences 26 .

Despite these advancements, the adoption of digital marketing presents unique challenges and opportunities for businesses. Traditional retailers are leveraging digital innovation to reshape customer experiences and create new business models 27 However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often face challenges in their digital marketing transformation, primarily due to limited funding and skill gaps 28 . Moreover, privacy and transparency concerns within digital marketing are increasingly gaining attention, requiring businesses to balance commercial interests with social responsibility 29 .

Consumer behavior occupies a central position within the realm of digital marketing 30 . Research indicates that digital marketing significantly influences consumer purchasing decisions and brand loyalty through personalized recommendations, social media interactions, and other strategies 31 , 32 . Furthermore, sustainable and green marketing are emerging as crucial trends in the future of digital marketing. Companies are adopting green marketing strategies to promote environmentally friendly consumption, enhance brand image, and demonstrate social responsibility.

Information quality theory

In the digital age, information quality has become a critical factor for organizational decision-making and operational efficiency across a wide range of businesses 33 . Information quality encompasses various dimensions, such as accessibility, accuracy, timeliness, and relevance, which collectively determine whether information effectively meets user needs 34 . High-quality information can significantly enhance marketing effectiveness and strengthen consumer trust 35 . A direct relationship exists between the accuracy and reliability of information content and its overall quality, emphasizing the importance of reliable information in influencing consumer decisions 36 . Effective information facilitates a deeper understanding of and response to information consumers’ needs, ultimately enhancing their consumption experience 37 . Moreover, timeliness plays a crucial role in influencing information quality 38 .

Assessing information quality requires establishing a multi-dimensional framework that comprehensively considers dimensions such as accuracy, completeness, and timeliness 34 . A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including questionnaires, expert reviews, and data analysis, can be employed to comprehensively evaluate information quality 39 . For instance, a mixed-methods approach, involving the definition of assessment objectives, identification of organization-specific needs, selection of relevant activities, and configuration of these activities to create an evaluation framework aligned with organizational requirements, can effectively assess information quality 40 .

The importance of information quality extends across various application domains, each presenting specific needs and challenges. Brand awareness plays a complex role in online knowledge services, impacting consumer repurchase intention and offering strategic insights for online service providers 41 . A model and methodological framework have been proposed to ensure information quality in web-based information systems, emphasizing its critical role in the accurate dissemination of web content 42 . Information quality strategies can effectively guide organizations navigating digital transformation, as demonstrated in the context of military organizations 43 . The impact of tracking information quality on customer loyalty has been investigated within the B2B logistics domain 44 .

High-quality information plays a crucial role in digital marketing, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of digital marketing campaigns, including brand awareness, user engagement, and conversion rates 22 , 45 . High-quality information directly influences user trust and purchase decisions, underlining its significance in digital marketing strategies. In the context of sustainable development, the quality of corporate carbon information disclosure is paramount. Information quality can act as an effective technological intermediary, enabling businesses to fully realize their social value and contribute to the low-carbon economy 29 , 46 .

Despite extensive research on information quality, exploring various dimensions, assessment methods, influencing factors, and applications, most studies focus on general principles and dimensions 33 . Limited attention has been given to the specific characteristics of low-carbon information in digital marketing. Information Quality Theory (IQT), while providing a valuable framework for understanding information quality, lacks the granularity to address the nuanced needs of users seeking information related to sustainable products and services 47 . Moreover, existing research on low-carbon information predominantly focuses on corporate disclosure practices and their impact on firm value, neglecting the crucial role of consumer-oriented information in promoting low-carbon consumption 46 . This study seeks to bridge the gap by developing a novel consumer-centric framework for evaluating the quality of low-carbon information specifically tailored to the digital marketing context.

Methods and materials

Research method.

This research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative research methods, to comprehensively explore the dimensions of low-carbon information quality and develop a corresponding evaluation model. This approach aims to provide both a theoretical foundation and practical tool for enhancing the effectiveness of low-carbon information dissemination.

Firstly, this research employs the qualitative research method of Grounded Theory (GT) to construct a dimensional model of low-carbon information quality within the context of digital marketing. Taking the perspective of low-carbon consumers, Grounded Theory is particularly suitable as it allows for the development of new theoretical concepts and models from raw data 48 . The research aims to gather subjective perspectives and experiences from various stakeholders through in-depth interviews with digital marketing practitioners, low-carbon experts, and general consumers, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing low-carbon information quality. The GT analysis will follow a three-stage coding procedure:

Open Coding: The interview data will be analyzed line-by-line to identify and extract initial concepts and categories related to low-carbon information quality.

Axial Coding: Through methods such as cluster analysis, the concepts and categories derived from open coding will be integrated and c ategorized into higher-level themes and dimensions.

Selective Coding: From the results of axial coding, the core categories will be selected to construct the low-carbon information quality dimension model, explaining the relationships between different dimensions.

Secondly, based on the findings of the GT analysis, the research will utilize the Random Forest algorithm to construct a low-carbon information quality evaluation model and validate it using real-world data. The Random Forest algorithm is chosen for its suitability in handling multi-dimensional data, preventing overfitting, and identifying key features 49 . The application of the Random Forest algorithm will involve the following steps:

Feature Extraction: Based on the dimension model established through GT, relevant low-carbon information data will be acquired for the experimental study. Textual and multimedia features describing content quality will be extracted as input for the quantitative evaluation model.

Training Data Labeling: Experts and experimental subjects will annotate the data to construct a low-carbon information dataset with labeled samples. Dimensions from the theoretical model will be transformed into target variables for supervised learning.

Random Forest Model Training: The extracted features and labeled data will be used to train the Random Forest regression model. Hyperparameter tuning will be employed to optimize model performance.

Model Evaluation: The predictive performance of the trained Random Forest model will be assessed on a test dataset using evaluation metrics such as accuracy, recall, and F1-score. The results will shed light on the effectiveness of this model in evaluating low-carbon information quality.

By combining Grounded Theory and the Random Forest algorithm, this research aims to develop a low-carbon information quality evaluation system that is both theoretically sound and practically applicable. This approach provides a theoretical basis and technical support for enhancing the effectiveness of low-carbon information dissemination, while offering a novel mixed-methods approach to the research field.

All methods were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

Ethical approval

The research design and interview protocol were approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of China University of Mining and Technology. Participants were fully informed of the study procedures and provided written informed consent.

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

This study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative data. The following section outlines the rigorous adherence to relevant norms and standards throughout the data collection and handling processes, ensuring the reliability and validity of the research findings.

Qualitative data collection

This study primarily uses semi-structured interviews to explore the connotations and dimensions of low-carbon information quality 50 . To ensure participant cooperation and data reliability and representativeness, 30 individuals from three relevant groups were selected for interviews (Table  1 ):

Digital marketing professionals ( n  = 5): Individuals with practical experience and unique insights into low-carbon information marketing.

Experts and scholars in the low-carbon field ( n  = 5): Specialists from environmental science, energy policy, and sustainable development who can assess content quality from a professional perspective.

General consumers ( n  = 20): Randomly selected users engaged with low-carbon information, representing end consumers and reflecting the impact of content quality on them.

Initially, five respondents were randomly selected for preliminary interviews using open-ended questions (e.g., “What do you consider high-quality low-carbon information?”) to inform the design of the semi-structured interview guide. Based on feedback, the interview framework was refined, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 participants.

This study employed both face-to-face and remote in-depth interviews. For face-to-face interviews, questions were provided in advance, and specific times were scheduled to facilitate deeper understanding. Interviews were conducted in informal settings (e.g., cafes, offices). Before the formal interviews, researchers outlined relevant concepts of low-carbon information quality and types of digital marketing recommendations, using non-technical language to facilitate understanding. Each interview was kept to about 20 min 51 .

Quantitative data collection

To construct a robust quality assessment model for low-carbon information within digital marketing recommendations, we employed a comprehensive and systematic data collection approach, ensuring data diversity, representativeness, and timeliness (Smith, 2022). The final dataset comprised over 16,000 entries, encompassing text, images, and videos.

Data collection tools and sources

A custom web scraping tool was developed using Python’s Scrapy library (version 2.5.1) along with platform-specific APIs to gather a multifaceted dataset (Jones et al., 2023). The following data sources were utilized:

Official Media (33%): Data was scraped from the Xinhua News Agency website ( http://www.xinhuanet.com ), the People’s Daily Environmental Channel ( http://env.people.com.cn ), and specialized environmental news websites such as China Environmental News ( http://www.cenews.com.cn ) and Environmental Protection Magazine ( http://www.epc.org.cn ), using the Scrapy framework.

Social Media (46%): Data was collected from Weibo and WeChat public platforms using their respective APIs: Weibo API v2.0 and WeChat Public Platform API v3.0. This data included content from verified official Weibo accounts and WeChat official accounts of environmental organizations (e.g., @WWFChina, @Greenpeace), personal Weibo accounts and WeChat official accounts of environmental experts and key opinion leaders (KOLs), and user-generated content posted by environmental enthusiasts on both platforms.

Government Sources (21%): Data was primarily acquired by scraping publicly available information from official websites of government agencies, including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China ( http://www.mee.gov.cn ), the National Development and Reform Commission ( http://www.ndrc.gov.cn ), and local environmental protection bureaus at the provincial and municipal levels. The web scraper was developed in Python using the Beautiful Soup library for parsing web content.

Data collection period and frequency

Data collection spanned from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, covering a full year to account for potential seasonal variations in low-carbon content. The following strategies were implemented to maintain data timeliness and comprehensiveness:

Daily Scheduled Tasks: Automated scraping of the latest information from news websites and social media platforms was performed daily at 2:00 AM using the Scrapy framework.

Weekly Updates: Data from government websites and policy documents was updated every Sunday.

Monthly Deep Dives: Archived pages were reviewed in depth on the 1st of each month to gather historical data for the past year and conduct trend analysis.

Sampling strategy and bias mitigation

To address potential biases and ensure data quality, a stratified random sampling technique was employed. Strata were defined based on source type (official media, social media, government sources) and content type (text, image, video). Within each stratum, samples were randomly selected to ensure representativeness 52 .

Specifically, we first obtained website traffic data for each source type using Alexa rankings ( https://www.alexa.com/ ). Websites were then ranked based on traffic volume and user activity. Stratified random sampling was performed proportionally to the website’s traffic share within its source type, ensuring that the collected data reflected the overall information dissemination patterns across different source types. For example, if Xinhua Net’s traffic accounted for 30% of the total traffic within official media websites, the data collected from Xinhua Net also constituted 30% of the total official media data. To mitigate potential geographical bias, data was weighted based on the population proportion of each province and municipality in China.

Technical challenges and solutions

Data collection encountered technical challenges including anti-scraping mechanisms, rate limiting, and dynamic content loading. These were addressed by implementing a random proxy mechanism with 100 proxy IPs, adhering to robots.txt guidelines, utilizing an exponential backoff algorithm for rate limiting, and employing Selenium WebDriver to handle dynamic content loading with a designated waiting time for complete page rendering 53 .

Ethical considerations and data privacy

Ethical considerations were prioritized throughout the data collection process. We strictly adhered to each platform’s terms of service and robots.txt guidelines. To protect user privacy, collected personally identifiable information (PII), such as user IDs, was anonymized using a one-way hashing algorithm, rendering it untraceable to individuals. For user-generated content, only publicly available data was collected, excluding any content marked as private or restricted. When full-text content was required, permission was obtained from the relevant platforms or users after collecting metadata and summary information 49 .

Data validation and quality assurance

A two-tier validation process was implemented to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the collected data. Firstly, automated data cleaning was performed using Python scripts to identify and address anomalies in data formatting and content. This included consistency checks for date formats, data encoding, and data types; duplicate detection using Simhash and pHash algorithms for text and images, respectively; and language detection using the langdetect library to ensure all content was in Simplified Chinese 54 . Secondly, three researchers independently reviewed a random 5% sample of the data, focusing on accuracy, relevance, and completeness. Detailed evaluation criteria and training were provided, and the researchers worked in pairs to cross-validate their assessments and reach a consensus 55 . Inter-rater reliability, calculated using Cohen’s kappa coefficient, was 0.85, exceeding the acceptable threshold of 0.8.

Data storage and management

The collected data was stored in a secure, encrypted MongoDB database (version 5.0) hosted on a private cloud server. Regular backups were performed to prevent data loss, and access to the database was restricted to authorized research team members only.

Limitations

Despite our comprehensive approach, we acknowledge several limitations: The reliance on publicly available data may not capture private discussions or sentiments about low-carbon topics. The one-year data collection period may not reflect long-term trends in low-carbon information dissemination. While we strived for representativeness, the online nature of our data sources may underrepresent segments of the population with limited internet access.

Analysis of low-carbon information quality dimensions

Building on the Information Quality Theory framework, this study employed a grounded theory qualitative research method to conduct three levels of coding on interview data. The aim is to establish a model of dimensions of low-carbon information quality that influence consumer behavior.

Open coding

Open coding is primarily used to identify categories and concepts related to the research question by breaking down, fragmenting, conceptualizing, and then recombining collected data to define categories and discover themes. In the open coding phase, 25 interview materials were first imported into Nvivo11 software, key information was extracted, irrelevant content was removed, and sentence-by-sentence coding was performed, resulting in 118 initial statements. After aggregating similar or identical concepts and removing initial concepts with a frequency of less than three, 19 initial concepts and eight low-carbon information quality categories were identified, as shown in Table  2 .

Axial coding

Open coding generated initial concepts and categories related to low-carbon information quality. However, these concepts and categories remain isolated and lack clear interrelationships. Axial coding addresses this issue by using cluster analysis to reveal the logical connections between these concepts. Through in-depth analysis of the eight categories and their interrelationships, three main categories were identified: Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality. The specific meanings of these categories were elaborated to prepare for the next step of theoretical construction, as shown in Table  3 .

Selective coding

Selective Coding and Model Development: Selective coding involves systematically analyzing predefined categories to identify the most representative and comprehensive core categories. This process aims to integrate related concepts and categories into a theoretical framework, combining different levels of categories through a coherent narrative. The analysis indicates that Matching Quality and Presentation Quality are explicit quality requirements for low-carbon information in digital marketing recommendations, triggering low-carbon responses. Interpretability Quality, on the other hand, is an implicit condition and safeguard for low-carbon information quality. Based on these findings, a structural model was developed to examine the factors influencing the quality of low-carbon information in digital marketing (Fig.  1 ).

Model of factors influencing digital marketing-related low-carbon information quality.

Theoretical saturation testing

Theoretical saturation testing determines whether qualitative data has reached sufficient completeness. This is achieved by re-analyzing newly acquired data using open, axial, and selective coding. The absence of new core category relationships indicates that the grounded theory-derived categories and their hierarchical relationships have reached saturation.This study initially conducted interviews with 30 participants. Following data coding, no new concepts or relationships emerged. Employing the natural-occurring theoretical saturation testing method, four additional participants were interviewed, and the three-level grounded theory coding procedure was applied. The analysis revealed no new significant categories or concepts within the core categories, indicating data saturation 56 .

Through a three-stage coding process using grounded theory and theoretical saturation testing, we developed a model of low-carbon information quality in digital marketing, encompassing three core categories: Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality. Theoretical saturation testing confirmed the distinctiveness of these categories, highlighting their representation of different aspects of low-carbon information quality and their varying influence mechanisms on user behavior.

Matching quality

This category emphasizes the alignment between low-carbon information and user needs, directly influencing user interest and attention. If information fails to match user needs, users are likely to ignore or reject it, even if the information itself is of high quality.

Presentation quality

This category emphasizes the manner in which low-carbon information is presented, directly impacting user comprehension and acceptance. If information is unclear or presented in a dull or uninteresting way, users may find it difficult to understand or be unwilling to engage with it, even if the content is valuable.

Interpretability quality

This category emphasizes the transparency and credibility of low-carbon information, directly influencing user trust and adoption. If the information source is unreliable or information disclosure lacks transparency, users may doubt the authenticity and reliability of the information, even if the content aligns with their needs.

By distinguishing these three core categories, we gain a deeper understanding of the various dimensions of low-carbon information quality and their influence mechanisms on user behavior. This understanding provides digital marketing platforms with more precise and effective guidance for developing low-carbon information dissemination strategies.

Construction of a random forest evaluation model for low-carbon information quality

Conceptual model design.

A conceptual model linking low-carbon information quality dimensions to relevant influencing factors is essential for effective assessment. Based on the three dimensions identified through qualitative research – Matching Quality (A1), Presentation Quality (A2), and Interpretability Quality (A3) – we propose the following model:

To comprehensively evaluate low-carbon information quality, we identified and quantified measurable features for each dimension (Table  3 ). The match dimension assesses the alignment between information and its target audience. The beneficiality dimension evaluates the potential benefits for the audience, while interpretability focuses on the clarity and ease of understanding. Based on these dimensions, we propose the following conceptual model, where Features 1 to n represent the various influencing factors:

Algorithm model training

Random forest algorithm is an ensemble learning algorithm based on decision trees, commonly used for classification and regression tasks. It operates by generating m subsets from the original dataset through bootstrap aggregating (bagging). Each subset is used to train a decision tree with d randomly selected features, resulting in m diverse trees. For a new sample, each tree generates a prediction, and the average of these predictions is taken as the final output. The mathematical expression for a random forest is as follows:

where X represents the input sample, Tree i represents the i -th decision tree, and N represents the total number of trees, the random forest algorithm offers several advantages for complex regression tasks like quality assessment. These include resistance to overfitting, effective handling of high-dimensional data, and the ability to provide feature importance scores. We formulated the low-carbon information quality assessment task as a machine learning regression problem, using the extracted multidimensional features as inputs and the final quality score as the output. A random forest algorithm was then employed to fit the proposed conceptual model 57 .

Evaluating the Conceptual Model involves feature engineering on raw low-carbon information data to extract relevant features corresponding to the quality dimensions. These features are then standardized and compiled into a feature matrix. This matrix, along with manually annotated content quality scores, forms the training set for a random forest regression model. The resulting model serves as the final discriminant model. To assess the quality of new low-carbon information, features are extracted and input into the trained model to predict its quality score.

Data preprocessing

Constructing a robust quality assessment model for low-carbon information necessitates a substantial amount of training data. The initial data, collected through web scraping and API calls, may contain quality issues such as duplicates, irrelevant content, and formatting errors. To address these issues, a three-step data preprocessing pipeline was implemented: data cleaning, feature engineering, and data encoding 58 .

Data cleaning

Automated data cleaning was performed using Python scripts to ensure data quality and consistency. This process involved standardizing date formats, data encoding, and data types, with inconsistent entries being either corrected or removed. Duplicate entries were identified and removed using the Simhash algorithm for text data and the pHash algorithm for image data. Additionally, the langdetect library was employed to identify and remove any content not in Simplified Chinese 55 .

Feature engineering

Based on the low-carbon information quality dimensions of Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality, we conducted comprehensive feature engineering, extracting multi-dimensional features from the cleaned data. Open-source libraries such as Scikit-learn, NLTK, and Keras were employed for feature extraction from text, images, and video data 59 . Specifically, we constructed features according to the following sub-dimensions:

Behavioral Matching: We analyzed users’ low-carbon preferences based on their historical browsing data, likes, and favorites. We then calculated the correlation coefficients (e.g., cosine similarity) between the keywords of the current information and the user’s interests.

Scenario Matching: We assessed whether the information matched the user’s current needs based on the information’s publication time, the user’s geographical location (if available), and the user’s potential current context (e.g., work, leisure, travel). This involved using rule-based matching or machine learning models for classification.

Interest Matching: Combining “Behavioral Matching” and “Low-carbon Behavior Relevance,” we analyzed whether the information aligned with the user’s environmental values and beliefs and whether it could potentially stimulate their purchasing desire.

Content Quality: We evaluated the accuracy and completeness of the information content. Accuracy was assessed by comparing the information with existing low-carbon knowledge bases or through manual review, and a 0–1 variable was used to represent the outcome. Completeness was assessed by checking whether the information contained essential low-carbon elements, such as the product’s raw materials, production process, usage methods, and recycling methods, using a checklist or information entropy.

Format Quality: We used readability metrics, such as the Flesch-Kincaid readability ease score, to assess the readability and ease of understanding of the text. Text length, image size, and video duration were also used to evaluate conciseness. Furthermore, we assessed the vividness and appeal of the content based on text sentiment scores, image attractiveness, and video engagement. For example, we employed image recognition techniques to identify objects, scenes, and emotions in images and used speech recognition and natural language processing techniques to analyze the sentiment and theme of video content.

Public Transparency: We assessed the reliability of the information source based on the authority and credibility of the website, considering factors such as domain name, registration information, and institutional background. We also evaluated the transparency of information based on whether the information source, data source, and algorithms used were publicly disclosed and traceable. For example, we checked whether the source of information was clearly labeled, whether the data processing procedure was transparent, and whether interpretable machine learning models were used.

Privacy Assurance: We evaluated the level of privacy protection based on whether the information contained sensitive information and whether it complied with privacy regulations. This involved using regular expressions or machine learning models to identify sensitive information.

Data encoding

After feature engineering, we encoded the extracted features to prepare the data for training the Random Forest model 60 . This involved:

Standardization : All features were scaled to a range between 0 and 1 to ensure that features with different scales did not disproportionately influence the model.

One-Hot Encoding : Categorical features, such as information source type (official media, social media, government) and content type (text, image, video), were converted into numerical representations using one-hot encoding.

Label Encoding : Ordinal features, such as the level of user engagement (e.g., low, medium, high), were converted into numerical values using label encoding.

Model training

The feature matrix from feature engineering was combined with manually labeled quality scores to form a supervised learning dataset. To prevent overfitting, k-fold cross-validation (k-fold CV) was employed to divide the dataset into training and testing sets. Scikit-learn’s Random Forest Regressor was utilized for model training 61 . Hyperparameter optimization using Randomized Search CV was performed to enhance performance and generalization ability. Tuning the number of decision trees (n_estimators) with values below 100 (10, 30, 50, 80) revealed n_estimators = 30 as the optimal choice (Fig.  2 ).

Performance analysis of the random forest algorithm with varying numbers of decision trees.

After hyperparameter tuning, the final configuration for model evaluation was determined as follows: n_estimators = 30 , max_depth = 12 , min_samples_split = 4 , min_samples_leaf = 2 , max_features=’log2’ , and bootstrap = True. This configuration yielded a random forest regression model with excellent performance on the training set.

By using a tuned and trained random forest model, predictions are made on out-of-bag (OOB) data (i.e., samples not used during training). Then, each feature’s values are randomly shuffled, and predictions are made again. The importance score for each feature is obtained by comparing the accuracy differences between the two sets of predictions 62 . A higher score indicates a greater impact of that feature on the model’s prediction results, playing a more critical role in evaluating low-carbon information quality. The heatmap of feature importance scores after model training is shown in Fig.  3 .

Model evaluation

To evaluate the performance of the random forest model, we applied it to a completely new set of low-carbon information content data and compared its key performance metrics with those of several other commonly used regression methods 62 . As shown in Table  4 , the random forest model achieved the lowest Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.12 and the highest R-squared (R²) of 0.95, significantly outperforming the other methods.

We cleaned 200 data points of low-carbon information recommended by digital marketing channels through experiments and validated by experts. The data were then divided into training and test sets with a 7:3 ratio 63 . Analysis of the residual distribution of the trained random forest model on the test set revealed an approximate normal distribution, with a mean near 0, kurtosis of 0.75, and skewness of -0.27 (Fig.  4 ). This suggests minimal overall model bias. However, identified outliers in the residual distribution indicate that the model may struggle with certain data points, leading to suboptimal prediction performance for some samples and highlighting areas for further improvement.

Residual analysis of the random forest model.

To evaluate the predictive performance of the random forest model, we visualized its results using 20 independent datasets 64 . The model demonstrated a 93% prediction accuracy for samples with quality scores ranging from 2 to 4 (The maximum score is 5). However, underfitting was observed for samples with scores above 4 and below 2. Despite these limitations, the model achieved a 93% accuracy in identifying low-carbon information content that aligns with established quality standards, demonstrating its ability to effectively distinguish high-quality content (Fig.  5 ).

Prediction performance of the random forest model.

This study aimed to identify the key dimensions of low-carbon information quality that influence consumer behavior in digital marketing recommendations (RQ1) and to develop a Random Forest model for evaluating and enhancing the quality of such information (RQ2).

Compared with existing research, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of low-carbon information quality in several key ways. Firstly, this research introduces a novel consumer-centric framework for evaluating low-carbon information quality, specifically tailored to the digital marketing context. Secondly, this study identifies three core dimensions of low-carbon information quality: Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality, which extends the traditional Information Quality Theory (IQT) framework by incorporating consumer-centric considerations. Finally, this research develops a quantifiable model, based on grounded theory and the Random Forest algorithm, for assessing low-carbon information quality, providing practical guidance for digital marketers to enhance their strategies and promote sustainable consumption.

Regarding RQ1, our findings, derived from both qualitative and quantitative analyses, revealed three core dimensions of low-carbon information quality: Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality.

Matching Quality: This dimension emphasizes the alignment between low-carbon information and user needs, directly influencing user interest and attention. Our qualitative analysis revealed that users are more receptive to information that aligns with their behavioral habits, interests, and usage scenarios. For example, P15 and P17 expressed preferences for information tailored to their individual low-carbon interests and past browsing behavior. This observation is further supported by our Random Forest model, which identified “correlation with low-carbon behavior” and “low-carbon interest alignment” as two of the most influential features in predicting low-carbon information quality. This finding highlights the importance of leveraging user data to personalize low-carbon information and ensure its relevance to individual consumers. By providing information that resonates with users’ existing knowledge, values, and behavior patterns, digital marketers can capture attention, stimulate interest, and ultimately increase the likelihood of engagement with low-carbon content.

Presentation Quality: This dimension highlights the importance of conveying low-carbon information in a clear, engaging, and easily understandable manner. Our qualitative analysis indicated that users value accuracy and completeness in information presentation. For instance, P05 emphasized the importance of accurate product descriptions that clearly state low-carbon characteristics, while P09 highlighted the need for comprehensive information, including certifications and data, to support low-carbon claims. Furthermore, users emphasized the need for vivid and concise presentation styles. P07 expressed a preference for dynamic information that brings low-carbon features to life, while P12 valued concise messaging that focuses on key points. These preferences align with the findings from our Random Forest model, which identified “content accuracy,” “information completeness,” and “content vividness” as significant predictors of low-carbon information quality. Therefore, digital marketing platforms should prioritize both the factual accuracy of information and its presentation style to ensure user comprehension and engagement.

Interpretability Quality: This dimension emphasizes the transparency and credibility of low-carbon information, which directly influences user trust and adoption. Our qualitative analysis revealed that users are more likely to trust information from reliable sources that are transparently presented and protect user privacy. For instance, P02 highlighted that platform endorsements enhance user trust in recommendations, while P04 emphasized the importance of privacy protection in building user confidence. While not directly incorporated as features in our quantitative analysis, interpretability can be considered a foundational aspect of information quality. Users are less likely to engage with information they perceive as untrustworthy or opaque, regardless of its relevance or presentation. Therefore, platforms should prioritize building user trust by establishing robust information review mechanisms, transparently disclosing information sources, and strictly adhering to data security and privacy regulations.

Addressing RQ2, our findings indicate that the Random Forest model is an effective tool for evaluating low-carbon information quality. The model achieved a 93% accuracy rate in identifying high-quality low-carbon information, confirming the significant influence of the three identified dimensions. However, the model exhibited limitations in identifying information with extremely high or low quality scores, indicating potential underfitting in these cases. This suggests that while the model shows promise, there is room for improvement in its ability to handle extreme cases. Future research can address this by collecting a larger, more diverse dataset encompassing a wider range of quality levels and exploring alternative machine learning algorithms, such as deep learning models, which may be better suited to capturing complex relationships and nuanced features in the data.

The key dimensions of low-carbon information quality identified in this study, particularly Matching Quality and Interpretability Quality, hold significant implications for broader sustainability initiatives. Aligning information with consumer needs and preferences (Matching Quality) and ensuring transparency and trustworthiness (Interpretability Quality) are crucial for promoting sustainable choices in various contexts. For instance, in facilitating the adoption of renewable energy technologies, providing tailored information that caters to consumers’ specific needs and knowledge levels, while ensuring the credibility of information sources, can significantly enhance consumer confidence and encourage a transition towards cleaner energy sources. Similarly, in the realm of green public procurement and government-led initiatives for low-carbon development, ensuring the accuracy, relevance, and timeliness of low-carbon information, presented in a clear and accessible manner, is paramount for guiding consumer and corporate decision-making towards sustainable practices 65 , 66 , 67 .

This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of low-carbon information quality by combining empirical data with a consumer-centric perspective. Our proposed model provides a nuanced framework for evaluating and enhancing the quality of low-carbon information disseminated through digital marketing channels, ultimately contributing to the promotion of sustainable consumption.

Research conclusions, limitations, and prospects

This study aimed to explore the key dimensions of low-carbon information quality influencing digital marketing recommendations and develop a Random Forest model to evaluate and enhance the quality of such information, ultimately promoting sustainable consumer choices. By integrating information quality theory and digital marketing theory, this study proposes a novel low-carbon information quality model encompassing three core dimensions: Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality. We employed grounded theory and conducted in-depth interviews ( n  = 30) with digital marketing practitioners, low-carbon experts, and general consumers. The collected data was then used to construct and validate a Random Forest evaluation model. Our findings confirmed that the three dimensions—Matching Quality, Presentation Quality, and Interpretability Quality—significantly influenced the perceived quality of low-carbon information. Additionally, the constructed model effectively identified high-quality low-carbon information.

Theoretical contributions

This study makes several significant theoretical contributions to the existing literature on information quality and low-carbon consumption. Firstly, we extend the application of Information Quality Theory (IQT) to the domain of digital marketing, demonstrating its relevance in this increasingly important context for promoting sustainable consumption. However, traditional IQT frameworks primarily focus on general information quality criteria and lack the granularity to address the unique characteristics of low-carbon information and the heterogeneity of user needs in this domain. This research addresses this gap by introducing “Matching Quality” as a new dimension of low-carbon information quality. This dimension, defined as the alignment between low-carbon information and user’s low-carbon behaviors and preferences, is crucial for effectively influencing consumer choices toward sustainability. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on corporate information disclosure, we develop a consumer-oriented low-carbon information quality evaluation framework. This framework adopts a consumer-centric perspective and recognizes the importance of understanding and addressing the information needs of individual consumers, which is vital for promoting sustainable consumption.

To enhance low-carbon information quality for effective digital marketing strategies, low-carbon product enterprises should prioritize the development of accurate user profiles to enable personalized low-carbon recommendations. Furthermore, clarity, conciseness, and engaging presentation styles are crucial for effective information dissemination. Additionally, establishing robust information review mechanisms and transparently disclosing information sources are essential for fostering user trust.

Limitations and future research directions

This study acknowledges limitations regarding potential model underfitting when identifying information with extreme quality scores, possibly due to an imbalanced training dataset. Future research should prioritize collecting larger, more diverse datasets encompassing various low-carbon information sources, content types, and quality levels to enhance model robustness and generalizability. Additionally, refining evaluation metrics, exploring alternative machine learning algorithms (e.g., deep learning), incorporating granular user behavior data (e.g., clicks, shares, comments), and examining the influence mechanisms of high-quality low-carbon information on consumer behavior are recommended avenues for further investigation.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Gao, W., Ding, Z., Lu, J. et al. Low-carbon information quality dimensions and random forest algorithm evaluation model in digital marketing. Sci Rep 14 , 22416 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72910-1

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