why get a phd in social work

Is a Ph.D. in Social Work Worth it – (Pros VS. Cons)

Are you a social worker who loves your job? Do you have a master's degree but feel ready to rise to the top of the social work field? If so, earning a Ph.D. in social work may be the right choice for you. You may be asking yourself, is a Ph.D. in social work worth it? It is understandable to wonder about the pros and cons of returning to school before making a career-altering decision. Considering essential factors will help you decide if this is the right career path. In this article, I will share some valuable information about Ph.D. in social work programs and 25 reasons why a Ph.D. in social work is worth it and also 7 reasons why it may not be the right degree for you to help you make an informed career decision.

WHAT IS A PH.D. IN SOCIAL WORK DEGREE?

How long does a ph.d. in social work degree take, how much does a ph.d. in social work degree cost, what are the admission requirements for a ph.d. in social work degree.

• A master’s degree in social work (In some cases, you can have a master’s degree in another field or at least three years of social work profession work) • Personal statement/letter of intent • Detailed resume • 3+ letters of recommendation (These should come from employers, supervisors, or former professors.) • Undergraduate and graduate transcripts • Application fee (Some schools will waive this fee) • English proficiency scores (if English is not your first language) • GPA review (Most schools require a minimum of a 3.0 cumulative) • Statistics prep course • Passing examination score on the GRE (majority of schools have waived this requirement)

WHY IS A PH.D. IN SOCIAL WORK WORTH IT? – THE PROS

Reason #1: a ph.d. in social work allows you to have a broader scope of practice and will make you stand out., reason #2: a ph.d. in social work will allow you to teach at prestigious colleges and influence aspiring students., reason #3: with a ph.d. in social work, you can positively impact others’ lives., reason #4: a ph.d. in social work gives you the credentials to open your own business., reason #5: with a ph.d. in social work, you can offer solutions for unemployment, positively impacting the lives of others., reason #6: a ph.d. in social work can position you for jobs in leadership., reason #7: with a ph.d. in social work, you can advocate for social justice in the workplace., reason #8: a ph.d. in social work will allow you to be a part of policymaking and advocacy., reason #9: with a ph.d. in social work, you can help individuals deal with addiction or substance abuse., reason #10: a ph.d. in social work allows you to impact society and initiate measures that contribute to positive change., reason #11: with a ph.d. in social work, you will have the potential to be a part of life-changing research, reason #12: you could use your knowledge and experience to become a published author., reason #13: you can impact the lives of others by participating in crisis intervention measures., reason #14: you can choose from several specializations when you earn a ph.d. in social work., reason #15: your degree could lead you to a position with top think tanks., reason #16: you can have more autonomy in your social work roles., reason #17: if you are interested in counseling others, your ph.d. in social work can create opportunities to pursue that path., reason #18: you will gain the respect of your peers., reason #19: you will have a personal sense of accomplishment, reason #20: you can take on influential roles in your community., reason #21: with a ph.d. in social work, you will have good income-earning potential., reason #22: there is a wide variety of work settings to choose from., reason #23: the job outlook for social workers is positive., reason #24: a ph.d. in social work will help you develop a higher level of cultural competence., reason #25: with a ph.d. in social work, you will become part of a large network of professionals with a common goal., why a ph.d. in social work may not be worth it for you – the cons, reason #1: a ph.d. in social work takes a considerable time commitment., reason #2: a ph.d. in social work can be expensive., reason #3: you may not be able to continue working while in school., reason #4: a ph.d. in social work may not be worth it if you do not like research, reason #5: with a ph.d. in social work, you could be overqualified for jobs, reason #6: you may prefer to work in more of a clinical setting., reason #7: you are not 100% sure that school is the right choice for you., what are the 3 main reasons behind the demand for ph.d. in social work degree holders, 1. colleges and universities need qualified instructors to prepare future social workers:, 2. covid-19-related issues:, 3. research is always in demand:, what is the starting salary for new ph.d. in social work degree holders, what is the average salary for experienced ph.d. in social work degree holders, is the cost of a ph.d. in social work degree worth the return on investment (roi), what are the 3 best jobs you can get with a ph.d. in social work degree, 1. college professor:, 2. mental health clinician:, 3. researcher:, bonus 3 tips to make more money with a ph.d. in social work degree, 1. become a consultant., 2. find your niche and stay focused., 3. choose to pursue clinical social work., so, is a ph.d. in social work worth your time and money – my final thoughts, frequently asked questions answered, 1. what is the best age to pursue a ph.d. in social work degree, 2. how hard is it to get into a ph.d. in social work degree program, 3. do i need work experience to get into a ph.d. in social work degree program, 4. what is the minimum gpa to get into a ph.d. in social work degree program, 5. are online ph.d. in social work degree programs worth it, 6. are scholarships and grants available for ph.d. in social work degree programs, 7. is it hard to complete a ph.d. in social work degree, 8. can ph.d. in social work students have a life, 9. can i work part-time and successfully complete the ph.d. in social work degree program, 10. can i work full-time and successfully complete the ph.d. in social work degree program, 11. do students fail in ph.d. in social work degree programs, 12. will i ever regret getting a ph.d. in social work degree, 13. how much does a ph.d. in social work graduate make per hour, 14. how much does a ph.d. in social work graduate make per year, 15. will ph.d. in social work graduates be paid less in the future, 16. are all ph.d. in social work graduates successful in their careers, 17. are ph.d. in social work graduates happy with their jobs, 18. can ph.d. in social work degree holders become rich, 19. what are some of the best ph.d. in social work degree alternatives.

Online Degree Programs

Phd in social work programs: the complete guide.

In the social work profession, a PhD in Social Work stands as a beacon of advanced knowledge and expertise. This degree not only signifies a commitment to the field’s development but also opens doors to influential roles in research, academia, and policy-making.

With the rise of digital education, the option to pursue an online PhD in Social Work has become increasingly popular, offering flexibility and accessibility to a broader range of aspiring professionals. 

For individuals considering a PhD in Social Work, it’s important to explore the nuances of these programs, from the curriculum and costs to the potential careers and salaries that await graduates.

What Is a PhD in Social Work?

A PhD in Social Work is a doctoral-level degree focused on the advanced study of social work practices, theories, and methodologies. The degree is designed for those seeking to contribute to academic knowledge, influence policymaking processes, or lead in high-level professional settings.

The Online PhD in Social Work Experience

Online PhD programs in social work have become a pivotal part of the educational landscape, offering the same rigor and quality as traditional on-campus programs but with greater flexibility. These programs are tailored for working professionals, allowing them to balance their studies with personal and professional commitments.

Core Degree Elements

The curriculum often encompasses a wide range of topics, including advanced research methods, social work theory, and policy analysis. It also covers specialized areas such as mental health, child welfare, or community organization. The program typically culminates in a dissertation, which contributes original research to the field.

Online Learning Technologies

Modern online PhD in Social Work programs utilize a variety of digital tools to deliver course content, facilitate interaction, and enable comprehensive learning. These may include virtual classrooms, online discussion forums, digital libraries, and remote access to faculty and resources.

Why Earn a PhD in Social Work?

Earning a PhD in Social Work can lead to numerous benefits, including enhanced career opportunities, increased earning potential, and the ability to make a significant impact in the field. Graduates often find themselves in roles where they can influence social policies, contribute to academic research, or lead organizations.

Reasons to Study Online

The flexibility of online programs allows individuals to pursue their degrees without disrupting their current professional or personal life. This mode of learning is particularly beneficial for those who require a balance between work, family, and education. Additionally, online PhD in Social Work programs often provide access to a diverse network of professionals and peers from various geographical locations.

Impact on Career Trajectory

Holding a PhD in Social Work can markedly elevate an individual’s career trajectory. It opens doors to advanced roles in academia, research, and high-level administrative positions in social welfare organizations and government agencies.

Online PhD in Social Work vs. Traditional On-Campus Programs

The choice between an online and a traditional on-campus PhD program in social work often hinges on personal circumstances and learning preferences. While the core curriculum and degree value remain consistent across both formats, online programs offer a level of convenience and flexibility that can be crucial for many students.

How Much Does a PhD in Social Work Cost?

The cost of a PhD in Social Work varies based on several factors, including the type of institution (public vs. private), geographical location, and the format of the program (online vs. in-person). Additional expenses like textbooks, technology fees, and possible residency requirements can also impact the total cost.

Average Tuition Rates

Tuition figures and related fees can vary widely depending on the institution and the specific program. The average annual tuition amount for a graduate school program in the 2021-2022 academic year was around $12,596 at public schools and $28,017 at private schools, according to the National Center for Education Statistics .

While tuition rates fluctuate, online programs can sometimes offer more competitive pricing. Prospective students need to research and compare the tuition fees of various institutions to find a program that fits their budget.

Financial Planning

Understanding and planning for the financial commitment of a PhD program is crucial. Prospective students should consider not only tuition but also living expenses, especially if they plan to reduce their work hours during their studies.

Scholarships and Financial Aid

Many institutions and external organizations offer scholarships, grants, and financial aid options specifically for social work doctoral students. These can significantly reduce the financial burden and are worth exploring.

PhD in Social Work Curriculum

Core components.

The curriculum for a PhD in Social Work typically includes advanced coursework in social work theory, research methods, statistics, and policy analysis. These core components are designed to build a strong foundation in both theoretical and practical aspects of the field.

Specialization Areas

Many programs offer specializations in areas such as clinical social work, community and administrative practice, social policy, or social work education. These specializations allow students to focus their studies and research on areas of particular interest or career relevance.

Research and Dissertation

A significant portion of a PhD program is devoted to research, culminating in a dissertation. This involves conducting original research, analyzing data, and contributing new knowledge to the field of social work.

Practical Experience

Although the focus of a PhD in Social Work is often on research and academia, many programs also incorporate practical components such as internships or residencies. These experiences provide students with valuable hands-on experience in their chosen specialization.

Online Program Structure

Online PhD programs in social work are designed to be flexible and accessible. They often feature asynchronous coursework, allowing students to complete assignments on their own schedule, while also providing opportunities for synchronous interactions with faculty and peers.

Admission Requirements for PhD in Social Work Programs

The admission requirements for PhD in Social Work programs will typically vary by institution.

Academic Prerequisites

• Master’s Degree: Most programs require applicants to hold a master’s degree in social work or a closely related field. Some programs might consider applicants with a master’s degree in other disciplines, provided they have relevant work experience.
• GPA Requirements: A minimum grade point average, often around 3.0 or higher, is typically required. This reflects the applicant’s ability to handle rigorous academic work.

Work Experience

• Professional Background: Several years of work experience in social work or a related field can be a prerequisite. This experience demonstrates practical knowledge and commitment to the field.

Research Experience

• Research Skills: Candidates are often expected to have some research experience or understanding, as a PhD program is research-intensive. This can include prior research projects or publications.

Application Materials

• Personal Statement: This is a statement of purpose outlining career goals, research interests, and reasons for pursuing a PhD in Social Work.
• Letters of Recommendation: Typically, this includes two to three letters from academic or professional references who can attest to the candidate’s suitability for doctoral-level study.
• Resume or CV: A resume will detail academic achievements, work experience, and any relevant professional activities.
• Writing Sample: A writing sample can be a research paper or published work that demonstrates writing and research skills.

Standardized Tests

• GRE Scores: Some programs may require Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) scores , although this requirement is becoming less common.
• Personal Interviews: Many programs conduct interviews to assess the candidate’s fit for the program, their research interests, and their potential for contributing to the field.

Accreditation for PhD in Social Work Programs

PhD in Social Work programs may hold accreditation from industry organizations or regional bodies.

Importance of Accreditation

• Quality Assurance: Accreditation ensures that the program meets established standards of quality and rigor. It is a crucial factor for prospective students to consider, as it affects the recognition of the degree and eligibility for certain employment opportunities.
• Eligibility for Licensure: For those looking to pursue licensure, attending an accredited program is often a prerequisite.

Accrediting Bodies

• Council on Social Work Education (CSWE): The primary accrediting body for social work education in the United States. While CSWE accreditation is more common for bachelor’s and master’s programs , its standards are a benchmark for doctoral programs as well.
• Regional Accreditation: Universities often have regional accreditation, which covers all programs offered, including online PhD programs in social work.

Accreditation Process

• Program Evaluation: Accreditation involves a comprehensive evaluation of the program’s curriculum, faculty qualifications, research opportunities, and resources.
• Continuous Review: Accredited programs undergo periodic reviews to ensure ongoing compliance with accreditation standards.

Finding Accredited Programs

• Research: Prospective students should research and verify the accreditation status of a program through the institution’s website or directly from the accrediting bodies.

Accreditation for Online Programs

• Equal Standards: Online PhD programs in social work are held to the same accreditation standards as traditional on-campus programs. This ensures that the quality of education and degree recognition is consistent, regardless of the mode of delivery.

Career Options for People With PhDs in Social Work

A PhD in Social Work opens a wide range of career opportunities beyond traditional social work roles. Graduates are equipped for leadership, research, and teaching positions, often influencing policy and practice on a larger scale. Here are some of the key career paths:

Academic Careers

• University Professors: Educate the next generation of social workers, engaging in research, and publishing scholarly articles. Teach future social workers at universities and colleges.
• Research Scientists: Conduct research in universities, think tanks, or research institutions, focusing on social welfare policies, human behavior, or community development. Lead or participate in academic research, contributing to the advancement of social work knowledge and practices.

Policy and Leadership Roles

• Policy Advisors: Shape social policies at local, state, or federal government levels, utilizing their research to inform decision-making. Develop and analyze policies affecting social welfare.
• Program Director: Take on executive roles in nonprofit organizations, driving mission-focused strategies and community programs. Oversee large social service programs or departments.

Clinical Practice and Consultation

• Clinical Social Workers: With a clinical license, practice in clinical settings, providing advanced therapy and counseling services, often in specialized areas like mental health or family services.
• Consultants: Offer expertise to organizations or government agencies on social work practices and policy development.

Other Specialized Roles

• Social Work Administrators: Leading social welfare departments or agencies, focusing on policy implementation and organizational management.
• Community Advocate: Work in or with communities to develop and implement programs addressing social issues.

The Diversity of Roles

• The scope of careers extends beyond these roles, offering opportunities in diverse areas aligned with individual interests and expertise.

PhD in Social Work Salary and Job Outlook

Individuals should learn about career salary and job outlook expectations when considering earning a PhD in Social Work. A PhD in Social Work generally leads to higher salaries compared to the salaries of individuals with a bachelor’s or master’s degree in the field. Salaries vary depending on the specific career path, with academic and high-level administrative positions typically offering higher wages.

Salary Expectations

• Academic Roles: Professors and researchers in social work can expect an average salary range that varies significantly based on institution, location, and experience. As per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual wage for postsecondary teachers was approximately $80,840 in May 2022. 
• Administrative Roles: Social work administrators and directors often have higher earning potentials, with salaries depending on the size and type of their organization.
• Clinical Practice: Licensed clinical social workers with a PhD can earn higher salaries than those with a master’s degree, reflecting their advanced expertise. Individuals with a doctoral degree in social work earned about $95,000 per year in 2023, according to Payscale, while those with a master’s degree earned $61,000 .

Job Outlook

• Growing Field: The field of social work is projected to grow. According to the BLS, employment of social workers is projected to grow 7% from 2022 to 2032, faster than the average for all occupations. 
• Academic Demand: The demand for social work educators is also expected to rise in response to the growing need for trained social workers. Employment of postsecondary teachers is projected to grow 8% between 2022 and 2032.
• Policy and Research Opportunities: As social issues evolve, there is a growing need for PhD-level professionals in policy analysis, program development, and research.
• Impact of Social Issues: Increasing awareness of social issues like mental health, child welfare, and aging populations is driving demand for advanced expertise in social work.

Factors Influencing Salary and Job Outlook

• Geographical Location: Salaries and job opportunities can vary significantly by region, influenced by local demand and cost of living.
• Specialization Area: Certain areas of social work, such as clinical social work or policy development, may offer different salary ranges and job prospects.
• Experience and Position Level: As with most fields, experience and the level of the position held can significantly impact earning potential.

Scholarships and Financial Aid Information for a PhD in Social Work

Pursuing a PhD in Social Work is a significant investment in time and resources. However, a variety of financial aid options, including scholarships, grants, and fellowships, can help mitigate the cost. Here’s a breakdown of potential financial aid sources:

University-Specific Scholarships

• Merit-Based Scholarships: These scholarships are offered by many universities to students with outstanding academic records or research potential.
• Need-Based Grants: These grants provide assistance based on the student’s financial need.

External Scholarships and Fellowships

• Professional Organizations: Bodies like the National Association of Social Workers offer scholarships specifically for social work students.
• Research Grants: These grants provide opportunities for funding from organizations interested in specific areas of social work research.

Government and Foundation Aid

• Federal and State Scholarships: Various government-funded scholarships are available, often focusing on underserved areas or specific fields within social work.
• Private Foundations: Some private organizations offer scholarships, often targeting specific demographics or areas of study.

Loan Forgiveness Programs

• Public Service Loan Forgiveness: For graduates working in public service or nonprofit sectors, some loan forgiveness programs may be available.

Tips for Applying

• Start Early: Begin searching for scholarships and grants well before the program starts.
• Diverse Applications: Apply for multiple scholarships to increase your chances of receiving financial aid.

PhD in Social Work FAQ

How much can you earn with a phd in social work.

Salaries vary widely based on the career path and experience and education levels. The median annual salary for social workers was $55,350 in 2022, according to the BLS, with the top 10% of earners making more than $87,300.

How Long Does it Take to Earn a PhD in Social Work?

It typically takes three to five years to complete a PhD in Social Work, depending on the program structure and the student’s pace.

Is Getting a PhD in Social Work Worth it?

A PhD in Social Work is valuable for those aiming for advanced research, academic, or high-level administrative roles in the field. It offers opportunities for greater impact, higher salaries, and a leadership role in shaping social policies.

Can I Earn a PhD in Social Work Entirely Online?

Yes, many reputable universities offer fully online PhD programs in social work, providing flexibility for working professionals.

What Careers Can an Individual With a PhD in Social Work Get?

Graduates can pursue careers in academia, research, policy analysis, program administration, clinical practice, and nonprofit leadership.

Choosing the Right Online PhD in Social Work Program

When selecting an online PhD program in social work, it’s important to consider several key factors to ensure the program aligns with your career goals and learning style:

Accreditation

• Ensure Accreditation: Confirm that the program is accredited by relevant bodies, such as the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) or regional accreditation organizations. This is crucial for the quality of education and future career opportunities.

Curriculum and Specializations

• Relevant Curriculum: Review the curriculum to ensure it covers areas you are interested in.
• Specializations: Some programs offer specializations in areas like clinical social work, community practice, or policy and administration.

Faculty Expertise

• Experienced Faculty: Look for programs with faculty who have practical experience and research expertise in areas that interest you.

Flexibility and Format

• Flexible Scheduling: Consider the program’s flexibility regarding coursework and deadlines, crucial for working professionals.
• Online Learning Environment: Assess the quality of the online learning platform and available resources.

Research Opportunities

• Research Support: Evaluate the support provided for dissertation research, including access to resources, faculty guidance, and potential funding.

Alumni Network and Career Support

• Networking Opportunities: A strong alumni network can provide valuable connections and career opportunities.
• Career Services: Consider programs that offer robust career support services.

Cost and Financial Aid

• Tuition and Fees: Compare the cost of different programs and what they include.
• Financial Aid Options: Look into scholarships, grants, and assistantships offered by the university or external organizations.

Explore In-Person and Online PhD in Social Work Programs

Earning an online PhD in Social Work represents a significant step towards advanced professional growth and contribution to the field. This comprehensive guide aims to illuminate the key aspects of pursuing this prestigious degree, from understanding the program’s nature and benefits to exploring career prospects and financial aid options. 

With the right program, graduates can look forward to impactful careers in academia, policymaking, research, and high-level social work practice. The journey to a PhD in Social Work is one of commitment and passion, leading to a position where one can create substantial change and advocate for social justice on a larger scale. 

As the demand for skilled social work professionals continues to rise, those holding a PhD will find themselves at the forefront of addressing complex social issues and shaping the future of this vital field.

Why a PhD in Social Work or a Doctorate of Social Work (DSW)?

Is a phd in social work right for you.

If you are looking to become a member of faculty at a university, or join a research center addressing social and health problems, or are looking for advancement in leadership positions requiring research skills then the answer is likely yes.  

What kinds of careers do people with PhDs have?

Since PhD graduates are prepared in rigorous research methods and in pedagogy, most PhDs have research and academic careers. Many PhD graduates pursue post-doctoral fellowships to enhance the skills needed to have a research career.

Careers 

The federal government predicts a shortage of qualified faculty in social work, and every year the demand for faculty grows greater than the number of qualified graduates.

Ph.D. graduates have a variety of avenues to pursue their academic and research careers. 

• Academic – Tenure track, research, and teaching positions are available in all kinds of settings, including teaching-intensive and large research-intensive universities
• Professional Researchers – Ph.D. graduates may also work in other settings, such as government agencies, independent research centers, and the military, where they will conduct research that informs practice and provide policy analysis and data analyses that guide social programs.

Type of Degree Program:

• There are many different types of PhD programs in social work and most programs offer course work within social work and in other disciplines.
• Dual or joint or Interdisciplinary degrees – These programs offer, either as a part of their program or as the structure of their program, coursework, and mentorship in both social work and another field of study.
• Full-time and part-time programs, online.
• Public or private institutions, rural or urban settings, residential or commuter campuses.

Is a DSW Right for You?

The foci and curricula for DSW programs vary from school to school but programs often emphasize advanced clinical or macro training for practicing social workers.

If you are looking for a program where the curriculum emphasizes advanced clinical or macro training for practicing social workers and does not have as strong of an emphasis on research as most PhD programs, then the answer is likely yes.

What kinds of careers do people with DSWs have?

Graduates of DSW programs are assuming leadership positions in community agencies and serving as advanced clinicians in clinical settings. Some graduates take teaching positions in academic settings. 

DSWs graduates have a variety of avenues to pursue in their careers. 

• Academic –Clinical teaching positions are available in all kinds of settings, including teaching-intensive and large research-intensive universities
• Professional Social Workers – DSW graduates may work in settings, such as government agencies, community agencies, and the military, where they will provide advanced clinical services to clients and assume leadership roles in guiding mental health and social service programs.
• There are many different types of DSW programs in social work. The foci and curricula for DSW programs vary from school to school. Some programs emphasize advanced clinical or macro training for practicing social workers. Some programs emphasize leadership training; other programs emphasize teaching.
• Programs vary in their emphasis on research. Some programs require a dissertation; others do not. Some require a clinical internship; others do not.

Learn more about DSW programs and their accreditation standards by visiting the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) website .

PhD in Social Work Degree Guide | Salary & Programs 2024

A PhD in Social Work is a mark of distinction as an expert in the discipline. Graduates of social work PhD programs often use their knowledge and training to conduct groundbreaking research on critical issues facing society. Their discoveries shape policy and assist countless people. As respected leaders, they hold top positions at various social services organizations. As professors, they mold new generations of social workers.

In addition to increased ability to help others, PhDs in social work can expect something else following graduation – good job prospects. The U.S.  Bureau of Labor Statistics  (BLS) projects employment in the community and social service occupations to grow a hearty 12% between 2020 to 2030. 1

What is a PhD in Social Work?

A PhD in Social Work is a Doctor of Philosophy in Social Work. It is one of the two highest degrees that someone can earn in the field, the other being a DSW (Doctor of Social Work). PhD programs in social work focus heavily on research methods and pedagogy. DSW programs emphasize advanced training for practicing social workers.

Outstanding Schools with PhD in Social Work Degrees in U.S.

The road to a PhD in Social Work begins with admittance to a school that meets an aspiring student’s needs. While the “perfect” school varies by an individual’s interests and circumstances, here’s a sample of some noteworthy institutions:

• University of Southern California  – Through its Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, USC offers a PhD program that prides itself on promoting independent inquiry. Students gain competence in research methodology and communicating results. They learn skills vital to their future, such as how to submit grant proposals, how to write articles for publication, and how to present findings at conferences.
• New York University  – From day one, each PhD student in NYU’s Silver School of Social Work gets paired with a faculty mentor who helps develop research, scholarships, and teaching skills. Areas of staff expertise include racial and social justice, behavioral health services, child welfare, and aging. The school’s location in New York City provides a dynamic, diverse setting for studying important social work issues.
• Wayne State University  – Opportunities for professional and intellectual growth abound in the PhD program at this public institution in Michigan. The school encourages students to take coursework outside of the School of Social Work to support their individual interests. This interdisciplinary approach can lead to special degrees in areas such as infant mental health, gerontology, or social work and anthropology.
• Baylor University  – No need to live in Waco, Texas, to attend this institution. After a required five-day session on campus, social work PhD students can live elsewhere while pursuing their degree through an online classroom. Online PhD in Social Work courses meet via videoconferencing at specific times each week. The program focuses on the integration of religion and faith with practices of the social work profession. Graduates leave ready to address complex social issues as leaders, educators, and researchers.
• The University of Utah  – Other than a week on campus at the start of each semester, this institution’s “distance-delivered doctoral program” allows students to pursue an online PhD in Social Work from any location. Individuals attend classes remotely at the same time as their on-campus cohorts. All students possess equal access to research opportunities and financial support.

If you’re looking for other schools that offer PhD’s in social work, check out the Find Your Perfect “U” tool. You can search over 6,000 colleges and universities with 11 different filters to find the  perfect school for you !

What Can I Do with a PhD in Social Work?

Many who pursue a PhD in Social Work do so in hopes of securing a faculty position at a university or junior college. They wish to continue conducting research in their area of interest within the field or teach up-and-coming social work students. Others may find employment at think tanks, non-profits, or governmental agencies.

PhD in Social Work Salary and Career Outlook

The U.S. Department of Labor includes postsecondary social work teachers on its list of Bright Outlook Occupations because of the job’s rapid growth prospects (9%) over the next decade (2020-2030). 9  Projections are not a guarantee, but the information is encouraging to PhDs looking to go in that direction.

While the mean annual wage for social work professors is $71,570, possibilities exist to earn substantially more. In California, for instance, the mean annual wage stands at $110,020. New York, the state with the highest concentration of postsecondary social work teachers, posts a mean annual wage of $91,680. 7

Some PhDs find employment as social service consultants. They train social service staff members and help organizations implement improvements in procedures and policies. According to PayScale, this type of position brings in an average hourly rate of $32.50. 8

PhD in Social Work Career Paths

Students in PhD programs usually enter possessing an MSW (Master’s of Social Work) and a social work license. After earning their doctorate, some individuals decide to return to careers in applied social work rather than enter academia. Their increased knowledge and training oftentimes set them up for higher-level positions in occupations such as:

• Median Salary: $51,760 
• Career Outlook: +12% (2020-2030)

Social workers identify and assist individuals, families, and groups within a community that need help with various life challenges.

• Median Salary: $48,140 
• Career Outlook: 17% (2020-2030)

These professionals promote wellness and serve as a liaison between individuals/groups and health care systems.

• Median Salary: $58,120 
• Career Outlook: +11% (2020-2030)

These counselors help individuals with social and academic issues in order to succeed in school and forge an employment plan.

Source: BLS

Earning a PhD in Social Work

Individuals generally go into social work because they want to  make a difference in the lives of others . Earning a PhD in Social Work certainly advances that objective. The decision to undertake something so rigorous, however, should not be made lightly.

Pros and Cons of PhD in Social Work Degrees

Completing a PhD program in social work takes time, money, and effort. Only you can decide if such an endeavor is in your best interest.

• Expanded job opportunities, especially in academia, consulting, and research
• Recognition as an expert in the field
• Good job growth predictions from the BLS
• The potential for increases in income, responsibility, and influence
• A chance to study specific areas of interest and learn advanced knowledge about them
• The cost of pursuing a degree
• The stress of staying on track and finishing this academic challenge
• Taking away time from other endeavors in order to focus on studies
• Possibly moving to a new location to be closer to campus

PhD in Social Work Program Prerequisites

Most students enter social work PhD programs already possessing an MSW and a history of social work employment. People with a  background in a similar field , such as psychology, may also be eligible for consideration. Some institutions conduct dual-degree programs where participants earn both an MSW and a PhD upon completion of studies.

Courses in PhD in Social Work Programs

While specific courses vary by program, the following are some of the courses frequently encountered in social work PhD programs:

• Quantitative research
• Qualitative research
• Data analysis
• Social policy analysis
• Scholarly writing
• Grant writing
• Teaching and pedagogy

Coursework helps students prepare for two important components of a social work PhD program:  the qualifying exam and the dissertation .

Passing an oral and/or written qualifying exam demonstrates a solid base of knowledge and readiness to engage in independent research. The dissertation focuses on a topic or research question of the student’s choice. In addition to writing the dissertation, the student must orally defend the ideas presented at a meeting with other scholars.

Skills Learned in a PhD in Social Work Degree Program

PhD programs promote scholarly development. Students hone their critical-thinking skills. They learn how to ask important questions about social work issues and how to go about seeking possible answers. They graduate knowing how to construct research studies and evaluate results.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Social Work?

Programs generally require 36 credit hours. In terms of time, this translates to 3-5 years.

Students pursuing accelerated studies may be able to shave off time from this range. On the flipside, students enrolled in a dual MSW/PhD program take longer to finish because they need to fulfill more requirements.

A substantial determinant of program length is progress on one’s dissertation. Some students develop a clear idea early on of what they wish to focus on and make steady progress toward completion. Others require more time to figure out what they want to do and how to do it.

Social Work Degree Specializations

Social work is a large discipline with many niches. Some areas PhD candidates may concentrate on include:

• Mental health
• Substance abuse
• School social work
• Military social work
• Children and families
• Gerontology
• Terminal illness
• Migration studies
• Disaster relief
• LGBTQIA+ community
• Public welfare
• Justice and corrections

Social Work Certification and Licensure

Many social work positions require a license and/or certification. People should look into the requirements for jobs of interest as well as for the geographical region in which they seek employment. A good place to start is the  Association for Social Work Boards .

Accreditation

Selecting a school with regional accreditation ensures the institution has met certain educational standards. Choose one approved by the  U.S. Department of Education  or the nonprofit  Council for Higher Education Accreditation  (CHEA).

While the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) accredits BSW and MSW programs, it does not do so at the doctoral level. However, the Group for the Advancement of Doctoral Education in Social Work (GADE) can provide prospective social work PhD students with information on its member schools.

Online PhD Social Work Programs

Opportunities exist to pursue doctoral studies in social work online. The majority of such programs lead to a DSW, but some result in a PhD.

Online vs. On Campus Degrees

Earning an online PhD in Social Work degree through has a variety of potential benefits.

• Remote learning removes geographical barriers.
• Students gain greater choice in selecting an institution
• Students do not need to upend their lives to move to campus housing.
• Online programs generally offer more flexibility in terms of when and where work gets completed.
• Sometimes, ambitious students can accelerate their progress.

Some students prefer regular, campus-based programs. They enjoy the social aspect of physically attending class alongside others, focus better in an academic environment, or prefer a consistent schedule.

How Long Do Online Courses Take to Complete?

Finishing an online PhD in Social Work program generally takes about the same amount of time as on-campus studies, which is 3-5 years. Choosing an accelerated program can reduce some of that time.

Schools offering online PhD in social work programs tend to have a hybrid set-up. They require brief periods of time on campus, such as the first week of each semester.

Also, remote PhD programs in social work tend to favor synchronous learning. Off-campus students use video technology to attend classes with their on-campus peers on specific days at set times.

Applying to PhD in Social Work Programs

Students interested in obtaining a PhD in Social Work must apply to individual schools offering this graduate study. Due to substantial competition for spots, students oftentimes apply to more than one program.

Admission Requirements for PhD in Social Work Programs

Each school has its own specific set of criteria for applicants to present in order to receive consideration for admission. Things often required include:

• A master’s degree from a program accredited by the Council on Social Work Education
• Transcripts of all collegiate work, including degree(s) earned and GPA
• A resume of hands-on social work experience, including internships, employment, and volunteer experiences
• Satisfactory performance on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE)
• Personal statements/essays on the reason for pursuing a PhD
• Interviews with faculty members
• Letters of recommendation supporting the candidacy
• A scholarly writing sample

Paying for a PhD in Social Work

Students rightly worry about paying for higher education. Fortunately, a good number of options exist to  finance graduate studies , including grants, loans, and scholarships. Schools also often offer PhD candidates positions as research or teaching assistants, which can cover or reduce tuition and even provide a stipend.

PhD in Social Work Degree Costs

Many factors influence the cost of pursuing a PhD in Social Work. Choosing a public school in one’s state often proves more economical than tuition for private institutions. Programs partially or fully online can lower expenses by eliminating the cost of traveling to campus or residing in campus housing.

Any student looking for financial assistance should fill out the  Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) . It serves as the first step in determining eligibility for grants, loans, and school-specific monetary aid.

Scholarships for PhD in Social Work Students

Individuals looking for assistance in funding their PhD studies in social work may want to check out the following:

• Council on Social Work Education  – The CSWE offers a variety of general and niche scholarships for students interested in graduate studies in social work.
• National Association of Social Workers  – Doctoral students qualify for several funding opportunities offered by the NASW Foundation.
• Davis-Putter Scholarship Fund  – Students working for social change can apply for one of these need-based scholarships of up to $15,000 per year.

PhD in Social Work Career Resources

Along their educational journey and into their career, social work PhDs may find the following groups good sources of knowledge and support:

• Council on Social Work Education  – This national organization is dedicated to advancing excellence in social work education and research. PhD candidates may find the careers section on the group’s website particularly interesting. It contains job opportunities, career planning advice, and free resume review.
• The Group for the Advancement of Doctoral Education in Social Work  – This organization provides a wealth of information on what makes a good PhD program. Its website includes links to all its member institutions, which proves helpful to students trying to compare schools.
• National Association of Social Workers  – This well-established organization of professional social workers focuses on career development and advancing social policies. Its website contains resources on a variety of topics by interest, such as aging, child welfare, and LGBTQ issues. Networking opportunities and tips for landing a job prove useful to graduate students.
• Clinical Social Work Association  – This group focuses on meeting the practice needs of  clinical social workers  through support and advocacy. Members receive free consultative services for legal and ethical questions, reduced rates on liability insurance, and access to the association’s job board.
• Society for Social Work and Research  – For more than 25 years, this non-profit has supported faculty, students, and others interested in social work research. Funding, information sharing, and interdisciplinary networking are among its areas of concern.
• People often pursue a PhD in Social Work to become a professor at a university, college, or junior college. Such a job involves teaching classes, managing internships and other hands-on student experiences, and conducting research. Other PhDs work for the government, military, non-profits, think tanks, schools, and other organizations as social workers, community managers, researchers, and policy shapers.
• The answer depends on individual interests and career objectives. For someone hoping for a job in academia, a PhD is usually necessary. Individuals interested in positions such as social worker or community service manager oftentimes get hired with a lesser degree. A doctorate, though, can put someone in a better position for greater responsibility, leadership, decision-making, and pay.
• Examine your career goals. A  bachelor’s degree  can be enough for entry-level positions. A master’s will qualify you to perform more extensive duties and is a must for those interested in clinical social work. Future social work instructors and social work executives generally hold a doctorate, which can be a PhD in Social Work or a DSW (Doctor of Social Work).
• An  MSW (Master of Social Work)  helps individuals secure higher-level positions within the field of social work. Obtaining one signifies greater education and training than just a bachelor’s degree. A PhD in Social Work demonstrates exceptional knowledge and commitment. PhDs often remain in academia to teach others and to continue advancing the discipline through original research.

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Please visit our commencement page for all information regarding the  ceremony for Class of 2024 PhD, DSW, MSW and MSN graduates. 

Fall 2024 On-Campus MSW Application FINAL Deadline: July 16, 2024

Should I Pursue a PhD in Social Work?

The decision to pursue a doctoral degree in social work should hinge upon a careful consideration of research opportunities and personal career ambitions.

When weighing options for their future, many undergraduate and master-level students inevitably ask themselves, should I pursue a PhD? In the field of social work, a doctorate level education provides the opportunity to develop a specialization in a particular area of interest and to be on the forefront of research surrounding urgent, real-world issues affecting our society.

Michael Hurlburt , associate professor and chair of the PhD program at the  USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work , encourages all students interested in pursuing graduate level social work to consider the benefits, challenges and potential career paths associated with a PhD program.

Factors to Consider Before Applying

For many PhD programs, especially in nationally prominent schools like USC, PhD candidates seek to pursue careers in higher education or research-oriented organizations, where they will have opportunities to conduct research and scholarship and help to train others. While some social work PhDs go on to pursue policy, community organizing or nonprofit work, it’s important for potential PhD applicants to have a clear picture of their desired career path. In general, social work PhD programs aim to admit individuals with a committed interest in pursuing full-time scholarship and training the next generation of social workers.

“There are aspects of every PhD program that are essentially universal, such as becoming good at breaking down complex problems into parts and using data and analysis to guide problem-solving,” Hurlburt said. “However, your choice of discipline is not insignificant. If you are interested in a range of issues, from mental health care to incarceration practices, from homelessness to income and health disparities, where social justice is a core aspect, social work may be a very good choice. If you are interested in addressing the spread of communicable diseases or specific health care treatment practices, for example, it might make sense to consider a public health or a nursing degree rather than a social work PhD.”

According to Hurlburt, the training that occurs in PhD programs in any field is often about faculty mentorship and scholarship opportunities as much as about the actual coursework. If you are evaluating various programs, you should carefully consider the specific kinds of research opportunities and relationships you could develop with faculty members in your area of interest. These relationships and opportunities are the primary training experiences that serve as a foundation for your own education and future work.

The Unique Advantages of a Social Work PhD

Social work programs are unique in their scope of focus—taking both micro- and macro-level approaches, most programs will cover everything from individual case management or service delivery practices to human service system reform. Both from a historical perspective, and with its orientation toward social justice, social work scholarship tends to be more applied and action-oriented, rather than purely theoretical.

“The approach of social work education is advantageous because it is not dictated by quantitative data alone, but urges students to assess—and often to marry—both quantitative and qualitative data in order to understand and communicate about human experience and to make more informed decisions,” Hurlburt said. As such, social work PhD programs frequently utilize broader lenses and perspectives through which to understand the various factors that create societal inequity and injustice.

What a Strong Social Work PhD Candidate Looks Like

Competitive PhD applicants arrive with many different kinds of backgrounds. Strong academics, direct work and volunteer experience around social issues, strong letters of recommendation, and a sense of direction and purpose with respect to issues that are central to the social work discipline are all important parts of a PhD application. Competitive PhD program applicants often also have prior research or policy experience, both of which indicate a demonstrated interest in pursuing a scholarship-focused career path. If a candidate has spent time participating in research, they often have a clearer understanding of how a PhD will be of value to them in their careers.

To be considered for acceptance into the  PhD program at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work , “what matters a clear dedication to solving complex social issues combined with a track record of experience that matches that dedication,” Hurlburt said. While the majority of PhD candidates already hold an  MSW degree , around 20 percent do not. The selection process for entry is competitive and emphasizes the candidate’s background as well as the fit with mentors on the faculty. Preferential treatment is not granted to students from any specific schools or universities.

What Makes the USC Social Work PhD Program Unique

Established in 1953, the doctoral program at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work is the oldest of its kind in the western United States. Today, six to eight students are accepted into the program each year.

One thing that sets this program apart from others is that instead of receiving grant funding to study with a particular faculty member, doctoral students receive a stipend that allows them to establish mentorships or conduct research with a range of faculty members and other student colleagues.

“There are few places like USC when it comes to the number of research opportunities available to students both within the school of social work and across other departments,” Hurlburt said. The USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work prides itself on employing faculty from a variety of backgrounds, including social work, psychology, sociology, public health and anthropology—all of whom serve as resources for students with varied research interests. 

“USC offers a highly flexible, student-centered approach to social work education. Our goal is to provide PhD students with as many opportunities as possible to enrich their knowledge and expand their experiences,” Hurlburt said.

To reference the work of our faculty online, we ask that you directly quote their work where possible and attribute it to "FACULTY NAME, a professor in the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work” (LINK: https://dworakpeck.usc.edu)

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DSW vs. Ph.D. in Social Work: What Are the Differences?

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• A DSW degree requires a capstone project, while a Ph.D. in social work requires a dissertation.
• Experienced social workers with a Ph.D. can produce original research, while professionals with a DSW can lead a social work organization.
• DSW programs emphasize the best social work practices and the latest applied research methods.
• Social work Ph.D. programs emphasize the research skills you need for a career in academia.

If you want to make a lasting impact on the social work field, consider earning a doctoral degree in social work .

Professionals with a doctorate in social work (DSW) lead social work organizations, mentor less-experienced social workers, and perform other management tasks. And workers with a Ph.D. in social work can teach at the university level, inspiring the next generation.

A terminal degree can offer many benefits, including a higher social worker salary. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports that postsecondary teachers specializing in social work earn about 60% more than the average U.S. worker.

DSW vs. Ph.D. in Social Work Programs: How Are They Similar?

Although these degrees can qualify you for different social work jobs, they each have a rigorous curriculum. Each program also offers concentrations, such as impact leadership for advanced clinical practice. Plus, both degrees require similar application materials that include recommendation letters and official transcripts .

If you select a doctorate in social work online program, you may need to travel to campus sometimes for in-person seminars or other educational experiences. You can find this information on a doctorate in social work program's website.

Popular Online DSW Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

What Are the Differences Between a DSW and Ph.D. in Social Work?

DSW and Ph.D. degrees have many differences, such as program focus and length. The degree you select also impacts which social worker careers you can pursue.

Coursework and Fieldwork

Classes in online DSW programs may include the inner life of the adult learner, ethics and social justice, and theories to advance practice. Ph.D. degree-seekers may take classes in data management, system dynamics, and qualitative methods. Some degrees let you personalize your education with electives and a concentration.

Ph.D. students complete clinical internships wherein they work under an experienced practitioner. Learners perform dissertation-related research during internships. DSW degree-seekers do not write a dissertation but complete other requirements and fieldwork to develop advanced social worker skills.

Job Opportunities and Earning Potential

Careers in social work vary depending on whether you earn a Ph.D. or a DSW. With a Ph.D., you may work as a postsecondary teacher. The BLS reports that social workers in this role earned a median annual salary of $71,010 in May 2021.

You can explore different careers with a DSW, such as top executive. The BLS reports that top executives earned a median salary of $98,980 per year in May 2021. Those specializing in medicine or social assistance made more.

Earning Potential

$1,909 Median usual weekly earnings with a doctoral degree

$1,924 Median usual weekly earnings with a professional degree

$50,390 Median annual wage for social workers

$82,840 Median annual wage for the highest 10% of social workers

Do I Need an MSW to Get a Ph.D. in Social Work?

The answer depends on many factors, such as if schools on your shortlist require it. Some schools consider applicants with only a bachelor's.

Consider a dual program if you hold only a bachelor's in social work or a related area. These programs take longer to complete but offer the master's and doctoral education you need to qualify for new career opportunities.

Other application requirements may include work experience as a licensed clinical social worker , a resume , and recommendation letters from work supervisors or college professors. You may also need to interview with faculty or submit a work portfolio.

Should I Pursue a DSW or a Ph.D. in Social Work?

The answer depends on your career ambitions. Professionals with a DSW degree work with clients, analyze the latest public policy initiatives, or manage a social work organization. These social work jobs let you help people at the personal and community level.

A Ph.D. in social work trains you to make an impact on the social work field as a whole. Academic and government researchers produce findings that impact social work best practices. College professors pass on their knowledge and expertise to the next generation.

Your college's career center can help you choose the right degree. Its services may include one-on-one advising sessions, career interest surveys, and other resources.

• Mental Health Clinician
• Advanced Practice Clinical Social Worker
• Nonprofit Managing Director
• Public Policy Analyst

Ph.D. in Social Work Jobs

• College Professor
• Field Researcher
• Social Work Research Consultant
• Government Researcher

Everything Else You Need to Know About Doctoral Degrees in Social Work

What can you do with a ph.d. in social work.

This on-campus or online social work degree trains you to teach students at the college level. Research classes, student teaching, and writing a dissertation prepare you to perform original research and publish the results. The completed dissertation also helps you show off your skills to potential employers.

You should consider a DSW if you want to manage a social work organization, such as a nonprofit or government agency.

How long is a Ph.D. in social work program?

Typical social work Ph.D. programs take 3-5 years. The time required to graduate depends on how long you need for the dissertation process. Some degree-seekers take more than a year to complete the research, writing, and editing process.

You may need more than five years if you study part time. Contact schools to learn if they offer this option. Admissions advisors can explain different graduation tracks and how long each one takes.

What are the highest-paying jobs with a Ph.D. in social work?

Postsecondary teachers are one of the highest-paying jobs you can do with a Ph.D. in social work. The BLS reports that these workers made a median salary of over $70,000 per year in May 2021.

Other well-paying jobs for those with a graduate social worker degree include executive director and human resources manager.

Explore More College Resources

Clinical vs. direct practice social work [a complete guide].

Fields of Social Work: Top Career Paths as a Social Worker

Salary Guide: How Much Does a Social Worker Make?

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Is a Doctorate in Social Work Worth it?

When looking at graduate and professional programs in social work, one question is more important than perhaps all others combined: Is a doctorate in social work worth it? There are a number of really great, immersive programs in social work that range from graduate programs to PhD and DSW options for students who intend to practice social work or teach new students the skills necessary for success. In a highly competitive job market and a world where educational services are expanding at a pretty rapid rate, it's probably safe to say that it's never a bad idea to pursue a more advanced degree and open up new opportunities in either social work or instruction. The DSW itself has some unique advantages that make it a great option for today's social workers.

PhD vs. DSW: Aren't They the Same Degree?

Though both a PhD and a DSW program both result in a doctoral degree, they actually award different kinds of doctorate degrees that are applicable to different kinds of future professions. The key thing to understand is that a PhD is almost always awarded as a "Doctor of Philosophy" degree. This means students have learned about the theoretical nature of social work, have engaged in a great deal of scholarly research, and have been taught the skills they need to become leading figures in academia. This is a degree designed for future social work instructors more than future social work leaders and administrators.

The DSW degree is more practical in its focus. Rather than focusing so heavily on philosophy, theory, and research, the DSW program is typically concerned with highly advanced skills in the social work profession. This means the degree is a better fit for those who intend to continue in the social work sector after graduation, rather than transition primarily to a role in academia. The program is most often pursued by existing or aspiring administrators, executives, and department leaders, who need the right combination of practical social work skills and advanced managerial concepts to guide them through this advanced role.

For Industry Leaders, a DSW is a Great Option But Not a Requirement

The Doctorate in Social Work is a great option for those who intend to take on a leadership or administrative role in social work. It will certainly open new doors and lead to quicker, easier advancement through the ranks in a given organization that focuses on the public good. It's important to understand, however, that a DSW degree is almost never required in order for social workers to become fully licensed and certified in their field. Most states require a Master's in Social Work , or MSW, while a handful of states only require their licensed social workers to have a Bachelor of Social Work degree.

The DSW program should be considered optional, but it should be considered a major improvement upon graduate-level education that will grant students the ability to advance further in their career and have more control over organizational policy and administrative duties. For those who intend to both practice and lead, rather than focus solely on the practice of social work, a DSW communicates highly desirable skills and ethical guidelines that can become essential as advancement opportunities stack up over the lifetime of a career in in the industry. Is a doctorate in social work worth it? For future leaders and those who want to stand their best chance at lifelong learning and advancement, it's absolutely worthwhile.

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PhD Outcomes

Most of our PhD graduates obtain academic positions in Schools of Social Work, including institutions such as:

• Arizona State University
• Florida International University
• Indiana University
• Louisiana State University
• State University of New York at Binghamton
• University of Maryland
• University of Nevada Las Vegas
• University of North Carolina - Charlotte

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By Sue Coyle, MSW Social Work Today

PhD in Social Welfare Program

PhD students at orientation, summer 2019

Research is a means of social change. Our interdisciplinary PhD program will prepare you for conducting meaningful and impactful research in a supportive collaborative environment.

Program Overview [5:23]

Program Learning Outcomes:

The PhD Program in Social Welfare is guided by our objective of graduating social work scholars and educators who:

• Deepen our understanding of social problems and their solutions
• Create and implement innovative methods for studying complex issues
• Conduct rigorous and original analyses
• Engage in conversation and collaboration across disciplines, professions and communities
• Uphold social work ethics and a commitment to social justice
• Engage in creative and effective strategies to disseminate and impart knowledge in social work and related disciplines

Program Objectives

In the program, you will:

• Create an individual, fully interdisciplinary program of coursework and scholarship.
• Benefit from a small-by-design program that facilitates meaningful connections with peers and mentors.
• Participate in the intellectual exchanges and scholarly collaborations fostered by UB’s many  research centers and institutes  and community partnerships.
• Engage with our diverse, dedicated and growing  faculty , with particular expertise in trauma, veterans’ issues, aging, social policy, technology in social work, and refugee and immigrant communities.
• Access diverse research opportunities, facilities and support through the  Buffalo Center for Social Research .
• Receive stable, generous funding through assistantships and scholarship programs.  

Curriculum Overview

Our PhD program is for those with a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree from a CSWE-accredited program or international equivalent. If you do not have an MSW, we offer a  dual-degree program  leading to the MSW and the PhD in social welfare.

• Minimum of 47 credits
• Full-time (4+ years) and on-campus only
• Program start: Fall semester only

Fall semester

SW 663 Social Work Scholarship (1 cr) Proseminar Research Methods Advanced Analysis

Spring semester

SW 663 Social Work Scholarship (1 cr) Proseminar Advanced Analysis Elective

Second Year

SW 663 Social Work Scholarship (1 cr) SW 690 Research Internship Proseminar Advanced Analysis Elective

Spring Semester

SW 690 Research Internship Elective Elective Elective

Fall and Spring Semesters

Comprehensive Exams Dissertation

Fourth Year (and beyond)

Fall and spring semesters.

Dissertation  

Funding Package and Fellowships

Funding overview.

All accepted PhD students are offered a competitive standard funding package. Additional funding may be available through fellowships.

All PhD students are guaranteed a graduate assistantship for four years. Assistantships are 10-month appointments, 20 hours per week with a base stipend of $23,000 per year .

Students also receive full tuition coverage for up to 47 credits . This typically covers the required courses for four years.

If students continue past four years (or 47 credits), students must secure their own funding (e.g., working on a faculty research grant, teaching, serving as a field liaison). 

Fellowship Opportunities

Presidential and Schomburg Fellowships are available for academically outstanding new PhD in Social Welfare students. These awards come with a substantial stipend. PhD students will be considered for these at the time of admission.

Meet our current PhD students

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Dieuveut Gaity, PhD ’18

Laura Greyber, PhD '14, MSW '07

Brad Linn, PhD '18, MSW '12

Doctorate in Social Work Programs 2023

Written by Janice Monti, SocialWorkLicensure.org Rankings Team Last Updated: July 2023

Although a master’s degree in social work (MSN) has long been considered the terminal degree in the field, a doctorate in social work (DSW) can expand your career prospects and earning potential. A doctorate qualifies you for administrative roles and positions in education, research, and policy.

We have ranked the top doctorate in social work programs to help you find the best fit for your professional goals and personal interests. Explore this page for more about educational requirements and career prospects.

What to Expect from a Doctorate in Social Work Degree Program

An increasing number of social workers are choosing to earn a doctorate in social work . If you have a passion for scholarly research, you might consider a Ph.D. program. However, if you want to move into supervisory roles or positions as clinical social work educators, a doctor of social work practice (DSW) may be the better choice. According to the National Association of Social Workers , a doctorate can boost your salary by $20,000-25,000 over what master of social work (MSW)-holders earn.

A DSW, which takes 2-4 years to complete, includes coursework and a capstone based on applied research. A Ph.D. requires 4-6 years of coursework and independent research, culminating in a dissertation. Most doctorates in social work do not require field placements although you might participate in a supervised internship or on-site practicum related to your dissertation or capstone project.

Featured Online Social Work Programs

The best social work degree programs.

Our rankings of the best doctorates in social work make it easier to find the right fit for you. Before choosing a program , do your research. Factors, such as accreditation status, curriculum requirements, and tuition costs, impact the quality of the education you receive.

• Accreditation: The Council on Social Work Education, the only social work accreditation agency, does not accredit doctoral programs. Most students enter doctoral programs after earning an MSW from a CSWE-accredited school . All doctorate programs in this ranking have accredited bachelor of social work (BSW) and/or MSW programs and regional accreditation.
• Fieldwork Experience: Because a doctorate in social work does not lead to a specific license, programs typically do not require field placements. BSW and MSW graduates typically enter a doctoral program after completing field experience as part of their degree and licensure requirements.
• Tuition and Education Costs: The cost of your degree depends on several factors, including whether you choose a public or private school, attend full- or part-time, or enroll in an online or in-person degree.

We use a data-driven methodology to determine the best social work degree programs based on three influential factors, including affordability, academics, and reputation.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Students can pursue a Ph.D. in social work from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . The program is centered on the topic of social intervention, but doctoral students also choose a specialized area of study. This concentration narrows down the research scope.

The curriculum comprises 45 credits of coursework before students can advance to candidacy. After they complete the required courses — typically in three years — candidates work on their dissertation within their focussed area of study.

• Program(s): Ph.D. in social work
• Campus: Chapel Hill, North Carolina
• Type: Public
• Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
• Tuition: $586 per credit for North Carolina residents; $1,602 per credit for out-of-state students
• Admission Requirements: Accredited MSW; two years of work experience in human services; statement of purpose; three letters of recommendation; CV
• Minimum Time Commitment: 36 months, followed by any dissertation work
• On-Campus Requirements: Yes

University of California – Los Angeles

The Ph.D. in social welfare at the University of California – Los Angeles is a highly selective program for social work professionals who wish to pursue a doctorate. The curriculum follows a four-year plan, starting with coursework in the first few years, a dissertation proposal in year three, and the final year is dedicated to completing the dissertation.

UCLA offers a few spots in its combined MSW/Ph.D. program for people wishing to pursue both at once. The school also allows students to apply for fellowships that cover full tuition costs and comes with a stipend.

• Program(s): Ph.D. in social welfare
• Campus: Los Angeles, California
• Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Western Association of Schools and Colleges Senior Colleges and University Commission
• Tuition: $4,088 per quarter for both residents and nonresidents
• Admission Requirements: MSW or master’s degree in a related field; three recommendation letters; personal statement; statement of purpose; research essay; CV; writing sample
• Minimum Time Commitment: 48 months

University of Washington – Seattle

At the University of Washington – Seattle , students dedicate at least five years to earning their Ph.D. in social work. Enrollees take general coursework for the first two years before choosing a specialty. Candidates work on their dissertation prospectus in year four and complete their dissertation in the final year.

The program offers a statistics track for those who wish to specialize in social science research. Learners also complete teacher training courses over the course of the curriculum. The university offers financial support to students during the first four years of the program.

• Campus: Seattle, Washington
• Accreditation(s): Council on Social Work Education; Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities
• Tuition: $17,436 per year for Washington residents; $31,128 per year for out-of-state students
• Admission Requirements: MSW or master’s degree in a related field; scholarly and professional statement; scholarly writing sample; letters of recommendation; statistics preparation prerequisite; CV
• Minimum Time Commitment: 60 months

Florida State University

Florida State University offers a four-year Ph.D. program in social work that emphasizes research and teaching

The curriculum comprises four types of courses: core methods and theory, social work research methods, statistics and cognates, or courses related to students’ research interests. In their third year, students undergo a preliminary examination defense, and in their final year, they carry out and defend their thesis.

Students can apply for several fellowships and other forms of financial assistance, including a tuition waiver and stipend.

• Campus: Tallahassee, Florida
• Tuition: $479 per credit for Florida residents; $1,111 per credit for out-of-state students
• Admission Requirements: Accredited MSW with a minimum 3.0 GPA; GRE scores; statement of purpose; writing sample; three letters of recommendation; potential interview; CV

University of South Florida

At the Tampa-based University of South Florida , the school of social work administers a Ph.D. for students who want to become experts in the field.

The program integrates a strategic emphasis on five areas: societal change and innovation, global issues, health, behavioral health, and leadership and business.

The Ph.D. program comprises 72 credits in total. Students can also apply at least 30 credit hours from their master’s degree, so they only take 42 at the doctoral level. Generally, students defend their dissertation in the spring semester of their fourth year.

• Campus: Tampa, Florida
• Tuition: $435 per credit for Florida residents; $880 per credit for out-of-state students
• Admission Requirements: MSW or master’s degree in a related field; minimum 3.5 GPA in previous graduate coursework; two letters of recommendation; personal statement; professional writing sample; potential interview; CV

Paying for a Social Work Degree Program

Paying for a graduate degree can be challenging. According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), private universities charged an average annual tuition rate of $26,621 compared to $12,394 at public schools. A doctorate in social work can range from less than $14,000 per year at a state school to over $50,000 annually at a prestigious private institution. Online programs may charge less than traditional campus-based degrees.

In addition to tuition, students must pay for books, housing, and other expenses. Doctoral students in social work may qualify for financial aid opportunities , including scholarships, grants, and loans. Many doctoral programs provide significant financial support through stipends and fellowships.

Careers and Salary with a Social Work Degree

A social worker with a doctorate can qualify for an array of fulfilling careers with broader responsibilities and higher salaries than an MSW-holder in licensed clinical practice. They work as advanced practice clinical social workers, social work agency managers, public policy analysts, and nonprofit managing directors. Those with Ph.D. degrees typically find positions as university professors and researchers in government and private organizations.

While social workers with doctoral degrees earn the highest social work salaries in the field , several factors impact compensation levels, including location, practice specialties, and employment settings. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average salary for social workers at all degree levels was $50,390 in 2021. Social workers with a doctorate may work as medical and health service managers , earning an average annual salary of $127,980. Those in postsecondary social work education make an average salary of $75,330.

Frequently Asked Questions About Social Work Degrees

What is the purpose of a doctorate in social work.

A doctorate in social work enables a licensed social worker to expand their knowledge and skills in areas of advanced clinical practice, management, and leadership. The doctoral curriculum prepares students in social work theory, practice, and research on a more advanced level than an MSW program.

What is the difference between a Ph.D. in social work and a doctorate in social work practice?

A DSW is a doctorate in social work practice that focuses on supervision, policy analysis, and applied research. A Ph.D. in social work emphasizes theoretical perspectives, advanced research methods, and scholarship.

What is the difference between a DSW and a Psy.D.?

A DSW prepares you for positions in advanced clinical practice, applied research, and supervisory and management roles. A Psy.D., or doctor of psychology, prepares you to practice in clinical settings as a therapist or counselor, working directly with patients.

Is a doctorate in social work worth it?

The value of a doctorate depends on your personal and career goals. If you are seeking career advancement and a higher salary, a doctorate in social work gives you a competitive edge.

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College of Education and Human Development

School of Social Work

Applying to the PhD in Social Work Program

Applications are evaluated based on potential for independent research and knowledge development in social work. While preference is given to applicants with post-master’s work experience, there is not a set amount or type of experience required, and all of the applicant's previous experiences and career goals are considered.

Useful information about applying:

• The University of Minnesota Graduate School's admissions webpage.
• The section below about required application materials for the School of Social Work.

When you are ready to start your application, click the button below. You will be able to save and return to your application.

Application Deadline: Friday, December 1, 2023

Required application materials, 1: unofficial transcripts.

Unofficial transcripts from all colleges and universities you have attended (including the University of Minnesota). Please see the Graduate School's transcript instruction page for information on submitting transcripts with your application.

Applicants must have a master’s degree in social work, social welfare, or a related field, preferably from a school of social work accredited by the Council on Social Work Education. Applicants may be enrolled in a master’s program when they apply for the PhD program, but the program must be completed before they begin doctoral studies. Master’s degrees in related disciplines are considered, but students may be required to complete some MSW coursework as a condition for enrollment.

2: Test Scores

Gre (not required).

GRE scores are not required for admission to our PhD program. However, if you do choose to submit them, we accept scores from the last five years. We recommend the GRE for applicants who cannot demonstrate a strong background in research, writing, and statistics.

The Graduate School has more information about GRE tests and scores, here . 

English Proficiency 

A strong command of the English language is necessary for successful study at the School of Social Work.  International applicants for whom English is not a primary language are asked to take the TOEFL, IELTS, or Duolingo English Test to demonstrate proficiency. For more information on the University's language proficiency test and score requirements, kindly visit this site.  

3: Curriculum vitae (CV)

Your CV should list your educational history, including dates of degree conferral, and relevant employment history, including job titles, agency names, dates of employment, and whether jobs you list were full-time, part-time, or internships. Also list your research experience, publications, presentations, teaching experience, leadership experience, service to the community, and any honors or awards.

4: Personal Statement

Submit a statement, not exceeding four pages, which explains your research interests and career goals. Please address the following two topics within this document.

• Research interests: In this essay, discuss the specific social welfare problems or questions you are interested in researching during your doctoral program. We welcome a broad variety of research problems or questions, including those geared to helping the social work profession better meet the needs of a diverse society. Explain the potential social impact of your research ideas and how your research may contribute to knowledge in the field of social work/social welfare. Also describe your past or present research training or experience and explain anything else you would like us to know related to your preparation for doctoral study. If there is a particular faculty member with whom you wish to study, please give that person's name and explain why you want to study with that person.
• Career goals: Describe your overall career goals and explain how doctoral study, research, teaching, and leadership align with your goals.

5: Writing Sample

Provide a scholarly writing sample that was written for a public or professional audience. Your sample should provide evidence of your ability to effectively conceptualize and communicate complex ideas and demonstrate clarity, organization, and appropriate use of grammar and style. Scholarly writing samples may include: sole-authored manuscripts, course papers, and papers prepared for academic conferences. If your writing sample was co-authored, please articulate your contributions to the writing process and highlight the portions that you wrote. Informal examples of writing, such as newspaper articles or PowerPoint presentations, are not acceptable writing samples.

6: Diversity Statement

Submit a statement, not exceeding two pages, which identifies the distinctive qualities, characteristics and life experiences you would contribute to the School of Social Work. Your diversity statement can include, but is not limited to:

• Your contribution to student body diversity
• Your contribution to the doctoral learning community
• How your research interests relate to diversity issues
• How your career plans include diversity and equity components
• Your history of overcoming obstacles to achievement

7: Three Letters of Recommendation

Three letters of recommendation are required. Your references should be professionals who are able to comment on your potential for research and scholarly activity. At least one letter, if not two, should be from a current or former professor. At least one current or former professor should have a PhD and speak to your ability to complete a PhD program.

Admissions FAQ

All students are required to submit undergraduate and graduate school transcripts, a curriculum vita, a personal statement, a diversity statement, an academic writing sample, and three letters of recommendation. All international students must also take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), with the exception of students who earned an academic degree in an English speaking country.

We accept Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores and recommend them for applicants who cannot demonstrate a strong background in research, writing, and statistics; however, GRE scores are not required.

The GRE is only valid for five years. If your GRE is more than five years old, you will need to take it again.

A master’s degree is required for admission directly into the PhD program. While we do accept people with master’s degrees in other related fields, we strongly encourage applicants to complete their MSW before applying to the PhD program. An MSW provides important theoretical and practice knowledge that is useful throughout the PhD program. In addition, applicants should know that many social work departments will only hire faculty with an MSW and at least two years of post-MSW practice experience, which is another reason why the MSW is valuable for applicants.

The PhD program is very selective. Usually we accept less than 20% of applicants. Most applications are quite strong, so we have turn away many applicants each year who could potentially succeed in our program.

Number of students: 5-8 Average verbal GRE percentile: 75th Average quantitative GRE percentile: 65th Average analytic writing GRE percentile: 75th Average undergraduate GPA: 3.60 Average graduate GPA: 3.85

We are looking for students who will be able to conduct meaningful scholarship upon graduation and will eventually become national or international leaders in developing the social work knowledge base and providing academic leadership in the field. Thus, we are looking for people who excelled in their undergraduate and graduate programs, have excellent GRE (and TOEFL) scores, have had meaningful social work or related professional experience, have participated in research projects and publications, have strong critical thinking and writing skills, and have a strong interest in a career centered upon social work scholarship.

General FAQ

Students take two years of coursework both inside and outside the School of Social Work, including required courses in research methods, statistics, theory, history, policy and teaching, as well as supporting program courses from across the university. Students typically complete their preliminary examinations and defend their dissertation proposal, and then complete their dissertation in their fourth or PhD fifth year.

No, the PhD program is a weekday program with courses offered during the daytime. Students should expect to be on-campus at least three days per week, if not more, for at least the first two years of the program.

There is no formal, part-time program, though some students do work off-campus part-time and complete the program at a slightly slower rate. However, we do not encourage part-time study and give preference to students interested in full-time study and do not provide funding packages to part-time students. Full-time students are better able to engage in all aspects of the program and are more likely to complete the program.

No, we do not have a combined MSW/PhD program. Applicants must have a master’s degree in social work, social welfare, or a related field, preferably from a school of social work accredited by the Council on Social Work Education. Applicants may be enrolled in a master’s program when they apply for the PhD program, but the program must be completed before they begin doctoral studies.

No. Our PhD program does not focus on developing advanced clinical skills.

Our program is designed so that students can complete the program in 4 years, though most finish within 4-5 years.

The PhD program includes two years of coursework, examinations and the dissertation. Please see the PhD Student Handbook for the specific requirements and timetables for completion.

An MSW program is an advanced professional practice degree geared towards preparing social work practitioners for work in direct practice social work or community practice social work. Our MSW graduates secure positions in a variety of areas, including clinical social work, case management/care coordination, advocacy, community organizing, planning, or leading. A PhD program is a research degree that focuses on the development of advanced research, theoretical and teaching skills. Most of our PhD graduates work in academia or research positions.

Because of the rigorous demands of the PhD program, most students are unable to work full-time and successfully complete the program. A PhD program should be thought of similarly time wise to a demanding full-time job.

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Phd program, phd program in social welfare.

The UW School of Social Work doctoral program stands out among advanced social welfare programs by offering an array of academic resources available at one of the nation’s premier research universities. Transdisciplinary opportunities and faculty mentorship enrich the learning experience and help to shape a viable career path in social justice teaching, research or public service. It’s one of the key reasons our graduates find work in highly regarded social work programs throughout the country.

Is a doctoral education in your future? Find answers to some of your questions at  FAQ About the PhD Program .

For more information about the application process, refer to Apply to PhD .

About the PhD Program

Read program director Roberto Orellana's vision for delivering a world-class advanced degree in social welfare.

PhD Degree Requirements

Find out what you need to know about required and elective courses as well as additional course expectations.

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Home / Social Work Degrees / Doctorate of Social Work (DSW) Degree Programs Online / DSW vs. Ph.D. in Social Work

DSW vs. Ph.D. in Social Work: What’s the Difference?

If you hold a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree or are a current MSW student, you may be considering earning your Doctor of Social Work (DSW) or Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in social work. While both are doctoral degrees that may help advance your social work career, they have some differences. This guide discusses the DSW versus the Ph.D. in social work and the roles you may expect to take on with either degree.

What Is the Difference?

The difference between a DSW and a Ph.D. in social work lies in the tenets of the program: practice versus theory.  A DSW program focuses on social work practice, supervision and applied research, whereas a Ph.D. program’s emphasis is scholarly and theoretical research and educational practices. While it is common for Ph.D. programs to focus on rigorous research methods, a DSW program may or may not include some research elements.

Which Degree Is Right for Me?

Your personal and professional goals may help inform whether a DSW or a Ph.D. degree in  social work  is right for you. 

The ideal candidate for a DSW may seek to extend their work as a licensed social worker in the areas of social service leadership and management. A DSW may provide you the knowledge and skills to work in different roles such as social work administrator, social and community service manager, or advanced practice clinical social worker. 

A potential candidate for a Ph.D. program is one who may desire to influence the future of social work through education and research. This doctoral level of education may offer you opportunities to conduct research on real-world issues and teach tomorrow’s social workers. 

As a licensed social worker with a doctoral degree, whether it be a DSW or Ph.D., your fight for social justice and the improvement of the lives of people and communities around the globe is crucial for the welfare of society today and generations to come. The  need for social workers continues to rise , as evidenced by a projected growth rate of 13% from 2019 to 2029, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

Doctorate of Social Work (DSW)

For students seeking a DSW degree, schools of social work may offer on-campus DSW programs. However, if you cannot attend on-campus classes or need flexibility in your schedule, there are several  online DSW programs  that you can complete in two to three years. Though ideal career paths may vary from student to student, specializations may include addiction and social work, clinical expertise, criminal justice, family studies,  medical social work , social work policy, and  social work administration , as well as disaster, crisis, and intervention. It may be worthwhile to review each specialization and see if it could align with your objectives.

Although requirements for entry into a Doctorate of Social Work program vary, they may include:

• A  master’s in social work  from an accredited institution (Some programs permit students with a master’s in an associated field like psychology from an accredited college.)
• Transcripts 
• G.P.A. of a least 3.0
• Letters of recommendation
• Field-related work experience

Coursework will likely vary from program to program. However, students can expect to use existing research and data, social work best practices, ethical decision making and advanced theory to promote prevention or intervention strategies that address the needs of a social group or social problem as they progress their education. Some programs offer various specializations, such as criminal justice and policy practice, that may help you meet your goals. A DSW dissertation, capstone research project and in-person residency are components that students are often required to complete. 

Simmons University

Simmons school of social work (ssw).

Simmons University offers an online Doctorate of Social Work (DSW) — MSW required; no GRE required. The program prepares you to become a well-rounded scholar-practitioner through a curriculum focused on three key areas: inclusive leadership, advanced clinical practice, and teaching and education.

• Complete in less than two years full time or less than three years part time 
• MSW required; three years post-MSW work experience required
• No GRE scores required

info SPONSORED

Doctor of Philosophy in Social Work (Ph.D.)

A Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in social work may be an ideal pathway for students interested in a career in research or academia. Though  social work career paths  vary person to person, this degree may offer specializations such as mental health, children and families, or substance abuse. The choice is yours to make:Ensure you review the types of specializations available to see if they may align with your career goals or ideal job placements. Like the DSW, you can find  Ph.D. in social work degree programs  offered as on-campus or online formats. Whether you attend full time or part time, you may spend three to five years completing your degree.

Requirements for admission to a Ph.D. in social work program vary; however, the following are common:

• A master’s degree in social work from an accredited school (Some programs accept a master’s in a related field from an accredited institution.)
• Transcript and GPA
• Resume and relevant work experience
• Writing samples

The curriculum of a Ph.D. in social work program varies between schools. However, students may expect a Ph.D. program to focus on advanced research methods and applying those skills in the real world. Some may offer research opportunities with faculty and institutes in nearby areas to focus on topics including child welfare, poverty, mental health services, addiction, gambling, health, and violence against women and children. Typical coursework may include policy, teaching methods, theory, proposal development and statistics. A dissertation is sometimes a requirement for a Ph.D. in social work.

Once you understand the differences between a DSW and a Ph.D. in social work, you can begin to ascertain what career options interest you. However, you may still have questions. We’ve covered some below for your research.

A Ph.D. in social work may allow a graduate to specialize in an area of interest and take on a role as researcher, educator, administrator or policy-maker. As a Ph.D. holder, your education and experience prepare you to shape the future of social work through an advanced position in higher education or a research-oriented or nonprofit organization.   

DSW graduates may find employment in health care facilities, clinical settings and social work organizations, among others. Professionals with a Doctor of Social Work degree may pursue careers such as social work administrators, social or community service managers, advanced practice social workers or nonprofit directors.

Education is an investment of both time and money. It is you who must decide the value of a Ph.D. in social work. While not an ideal path for all students, you should only consider accredited institutions to ensure their programs meet the highest level of quality and hold to rigorous practice standards for those who opt for this advanced degree.

Last updated in December 2020.

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A dsw vs phd in social work: what are the differences.

Mar 15, 2024

By Anne Gomez

If you're a social worker or an aspiring one looking at options for furthering your knowledge and skills, consider earning a doctoral degree. Aside from making a lasting impact, you can choose between two doctoral options depending on your goals and aspirations. Those can be a DSW degree if you want to continue practical work or a PhD in social work if you like to work in academia. 

However, these aren't the only distinctions between a DSW vs. a PhD in social work. So join us as we unravel the differences between the two and how to determine which is better for you. 

What Is a DSW?

A doctorate in social work or a DSW is a terminal degree, meaning it's the highest academic award in social work. Pursuing a DSW allows licensed social workers to expand their skills and helps them seek leadership roles later. A DSW can be valuable even if you have a master's degree in public policy and community organization. Moreover, a DSW degree offers many specializations, such as criminal justice, addiction and social work, medical social work, social work administration, social work policy, family studies, and clinical justice. 

A DSW degree can take you about three years to complete. However, enrolling in a part-time program can take longer to complete. Still, it can be beneficial if you work while studying. 

What Is a PhD in Social Work?

A doctor of philosophy or PhD in social work is a highly regarded degree ideal for those interested in research and academic careers. Earning a PhD in social work trains you to conduct original research and develop unique practices and theories in the field. It opens many opportunities to work in higher education institutions, conduct research, work on policy changes, and serve in social work administration. 

PhDs in social work offer online and on-campus programs. Typically, earning a PhD in social work takes three to five years. However, the actual length depends on whether you're a full-time or part-time student, with part-time enrollment taking longer. 

DSW vs. PhD in Social Work

Program scope and coursework.

Coursework can vary from program to program or school. You can nevertheless expect to use the existing research and data, advanced theory, and social work best practices to promote prevention and intervention strategies for social problems. Moreover, you'll learn how to apply theories to counseling practice, thus advancing your hands-on clinical experience, which is crucial in your career.  

Although the program scope and coursework depend on the school, our online PhD in social work program aims to prepare you to research, service, and teach within minority-serving institutions. Our curriculum includes courses in epistemology, demagogy, social welfare poly, qualitative and quantitative research, mixed methods research, and more.

In a PhD program, you can expect to focus on highly advanced research methods and apply said methods in the real world. Nearing the end of your studies, you may have to complete a capstone or a dissertation based on your original inquiries.

Admissions Process

Although enrolling in a DSW program may require a master's degree in an accredited college or university, it isn't limited to one in social work. You can enroll in a DSW program with a postgraduate degree in a relevant field, such as psychology or public health. Another requirement can be submitting a personal statement that includes your career goals and current practice. 

On the other hand, enrolling in a PhD in social work may require a master's degree in social work . Furthermore, you might be required to showcase your research evidence in the field.

Career Opportunities

After earning a doctorate in social work, you can find employment in correctional facilities, social work organizations, childcare welfare agencies, healthcare facilities, and schools. You can also incorporate your advanced skills in a private practice setting and have a lot of flexibility in administering therapy, such as art therapy and equine therapy. 

Moreover, a DSW degree can help you in roles such as: 

• Child Welfare Specialist
• Public Policy Manager
• Licensed Professional Counselor
• Managing Director

Job outlook: 7% growth

On the other hand, after earning a PhD in social work, you can find employment in academia, lead departments of social workers, or perform research for nonprofit organizations or government agencies. Career paths you can pursue with a PhD in social work include:

• University or College Professor
• Field Researcher
• Social Work Research Consultant
• Government Researcher

Job outlook: 8% growth

The salary ranges for careers requiring a DSW depend on factors like industry, location, and experience. Some of the salaries of specific roles that require a DSW are:

• Child Welfare Specialist: $56,680
• Licensed Professional Counselor: $49,710
• Public Policy Manager: $131,692
• Managing Director: $138,220

As a PhD graduate, you can benefit from the high-paying research opportunities and teaching positions at colleges and universities. Salaries for various PhD roles can be:

• Professor: $80,840
• Research Scientist: $130,117
• Research Specialist: $58,746
• Research Consultant: $75,435

Pursuing a DSW allows you to develop the advanced skills necessary to become an influential community leader and practitioner. Some of those skills are the following:

• Empathy: The most essential skill is showing empathy for all individuals you encounter. Empathy also allows you to determine each person's needs based on their unique experience.
• Advocacy: Being a social worker promotes social justice and empowers individuals and communities. Moreover, advocating allows you to represent and argue for the vulnerable members of society and connect them with the resources and opportunities they need. 
• Patience: Another vital skill in social work is being patient with individuals and the complex circumstances they find themselves in. Through patience, you'll be able to understand the situations people are in and avoid any hasty decisions that can lead to errors and poor outcomes. 
• Cultural Awareness: Working in the social work sector means working with people from diverse backgrounds. So, you must be respectful and responsive to different cultural beliefs and practices. 

With a PhD in social work, you'll get to work in academia or research, developing specific skills that empower you to contribute valuable knowledge in the field. Some of those skills are:

• Data Collection: Working as a researcher in the field means gathering and analyzing data within the social work context. Data collection can include interviews, observations, surveys, records, or databases. 
• Problem-Solving: Becoming a field researcher involves problem-solving skills when identifying survey design issues, interpreting survey results, and adjusting survey questions. Moreover, you need problem-solving skills when resolving personnel issues. 
• Report Writing: Report writing skills allow you to explain your work, provide important and systematic information, and make a case for taking a particular course of action. 
• Organization: Working as a researcher, you'll have to manage large amounts of information, research findings, and literature, so you must possess excellent organizational skills to make analyzing and synthesizing the data easier later on.
• Logical Reasoning: You must utilize critical thinking and logical reasoning to understand complex social issues and derive meaningful conclusions. This involves evaluating assumptions, arguments, evidence, and perspectives, challenging and improving social work practice.

Should I Pursue a DSW or a PhD in Social Work?

While both pathways are valuable in the social work sector, they help you achieve different goals in the field, so you'll find one that better fits you. So, how do you determine if a DSW or a PhD is better for you?

When choosing between them, you should consider several factors, such as 

• Career Goals: If you want to advance to leadership roles in policy advocacy, social work administration, or clinical social work, a DSW will suit you better. However, if you want to become a postgraduate teacher or become a researcher, a PhD would be a better fit for you. 
• Personal Strengths: If you excel in hands-on practice, such as clinical practice (therapy, counseling, or clinical supervision), a DSW may be a good fit. On the other hand, if you possess strong analytical and critical skills, which are crucial for designing and executing research studies, a PhD might be better suited to you. 
• Impact: When determining which degree is better for you, you should also determine which is the preferred area of impact within the field of social work. Suppose you want to directly help people at a personal and community level, analyze the latest public policy initiatives, or manage a social work organization. In that case, a DSW degree might be better for you. In contrast, if you want to impact the social work field by producing findings that improve social work practice and pass your knowledge and skills to the next generation, a PhD in social work might be the degree you want to pursue. 

Ultimately, your decision should depend on your aspiration and how you envision impacting the advancement of social work, either by research or practical work. 

The Bottom Line

A DSW and a PhD in social work can help you positively impact individuals, families, and communities. By earning a DSW, you can have direct contact with people and help them through their challenging times or rise through the ranks and take on leadership roles to implement the best social work practices. On the other hand, by earning a PhD, you can conduct research on how to improve social work practice, or you can positively impact the field by shaping the new generations of social workers. 

As both options differ in focus, you'll find other differences in career options, salaries, growth opportunities, and the skills needed to succeed. So let these differences and factors like career goals, personal strengths, and preferred areas of impact guide you to the right option for you. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):

Is a phd better than a dsw.

This depends on your career goals, personal strengths, and what area you want to focus on after your studies. A PhD might be better for you if you want to focus on educating the next generation of social workers and want to do independent research in the field. In contrast, a DSW might be better if you seek leadership roles in social work.

Is it worth getting a DSW degree?

Pursuing a DSW degree can be worthwhile if you’re interested in applying your highly advanced skills in the social work sector. Moreover, a DSW allows you to advance further in your career and have more control over organizational policy and administrative duties. Thus, you can be at the front lines of positive changes in the sector.

Is a social work PhD worth it?

Pursuing a PhD in social work is worthwhile for many reasons. Firstly, a PhD in social work broadens your scope of practice and helps you stand out in the sector. A PhD also enables you to become a postsecondary teacher in colleges and universities. Lastly, it helps you positively impact others' lives by allowing you to advocate for individuals.

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What Can You Do With a PhD in Social Work?

Posted by Shelly Quance on 10/17/22 8:16 AM

Careers in social work are some of the most impactful and mission-driven roles in the workforce today.

From positions that focus on community outreach or child welfare, to careers related to social policy and field research, social work is all about improving social problems and helping people live more fulfilling lives.

In order to become a licensed social worker, candidates nearly always have to obtain a graduate degree in social work before sitting for a licensure exam. Many aspiring social workers obtain a Master of Social Work (MSW), but let's explore why you should take the extra step and consider getting a PhD in Social Work — especially if you are passionate about research, leadership, policy, and academia. 

What is the difference between a DSW and a PhD in Social Work?

Both a Doctor of Social Work (DSW) and a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Social Work are respected doctoral degrees, but they are not the same and will actually prepare graduates for different career paths. In short, a DSW prepares graduates for clinical practice while a PhD in Social Work is research oriented.  

If you are passionate about research and see yourself working in either academia or a research-focused social work position, then choosing a PhD in Social Work will be the right move for you.

A PhD in Social Work will grow your career opportunities.

A PhD is a terminal degree, one that comes with significant prestige and respect. And specifically, a doctoral degree in social work is a highly respected credential that can lead to high-level career opportunities including social work leadership, research, policymaking, and professorship.

With a PhD in Social Work, you will learn to design and implement independent research that is guided by theory and addresses significant, meaningful, and relevant social work research questions. With these skills,  you will be recognized as an expert and will enter the field with the invaluable skills and the credibility needed to implement critical systems-wide change.

The PhD in Social Work salary is bright.

Historically, professionals who have a doctoral degree make higher salaries than those with fewer academic credentials. In fact, research by the Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that workers who hold a doctoral degree make around 20 percent more than those who only hold a master's.

For social workers specifically, the average PhD in Social Work salary is about $86,000  — while the BLS asserts that social workers with less education make about $50,000 per year . 

The increase in salary is a significant draw for many social work professionals, and by pursuing a PhD sooner rather than later, you will start reaping the benefits of your academic investment sooner as well.

West Virginia University: now offering a PhD in Social Work

West Virginia University is excited to announce that we are now recruiting for the first cohort of students for our new PhD in Social Work (coming fall 2023).  

Our PhD in Social Work will prepare students with the skills needed to excel in research, teaching, and leadership. The theme of the program, community-focused research, reflects the mission of WVU as a R1 status , land-grant institution to advance education, healthcare, and prosperity for all by intentionally promoting research that has significant impact on people’s lives.

Pro Tip: Check out our frequently asked questions regarding the PhD in Social Work here .

Here's what makes our PhD in Social Work unique:

Community-focused research theme that echoes University mission and intentionally promotes research that has significant impact on communities of West Virginia and beyond

Coursework plan that guides students in building toward their dissertation and provides practical preparation for academic and leadership careers

Strong support for cross-disciplinary training

Strong emphasis on mentorship and opportunities to support students’ professional development and career placement

Hybrid model of graduate training with flexibility to complete latter portions of the program remotely (online)

The WVU School of Social Work (SSW) PhD program has been developed in accordance with the Quality Guidelines for PhD Programs in Social Work  established by The Group for the Advancement of Social Work Education (GADE). GADE is the primary organization which promotes doctoral study and disseminates guidelines for quality Social Work PhD Programs.

Based on the GADE guidelines, the PhD program graduates in social work will be able to do the following:

Students will demonstrate expert knowledge in their chosen content area and explain how their work fits within the intellectual landscape of social work, including its relevance to social policy and social justice.

Students will design and implement independent research that is guided by theory and addresses significant, meaningful, and relevant social work research questions.

Students will conduct a broad range of methodological and statistical techniques appropriate to the research question(s) posed.

Students will clearly communicate and disseminate results of their research, both through professional oral presentations and written manuscripts.

Students will abide by social work values and ethics in the implementation of research and knowledge development.

Students will demonstrate effective teaching skills, including the implementation of theories of adult learning and instructional strategies that are appropriate for diverse populations and learning styles.

If you are ready to learn more about obtaining a PhD in Social Work at West Virginia University, then we encourage you to request more information . You can also review our program page and explore admissions requirements .

Learn more about obtaining a graduate degree at one of the best research universities in the U.S. — download WVU's Research Collaboration Guide!

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Topics: WVU Graduate Programs

Posted by Shelly Quance

Shelly Quance has spent almost 20 years working in higher education marketing communications. She currently serves as Director for West Virginia University’s Office of Graduate Admissions and Recruitment where she works collaboratively with College leadership to develop, implement, and evaluate creative and effective comprehensive communication and marketing plans to increase graduate student enrollment.

About the Blog

Deciding what graduate school to attend can be daunting at times, and navigating the admissions process can be that much more difficult. We hope to make the journey from considering graduate school to enrolling in a graduate program easier by publishing content that will be helpful to you as you discern if, when, and where, to pursue your next degree.

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