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Developing New Software for Functional Food Production

Introduction. Statistical methods of data processing and IT technologies make it possible to introduce new modern methods of hazard and risk analysis in food industry. The research objective was to develop new software that would link together various risk-related production data. Study objects and methods. The research featured food production company LLC Yug (Biysk, Russia) that specializes in functional products and various ready-made software automation solutions. The study also involved statistical methods, methods of observation, collection of primary information, sequential top-down development of algorithms, and the Java programming language. Results and discussion. Food producers have a registration procedure for inconsistencies and violations of permissible limits at critical control points. The authors developed a new software program that allows production line operators to enter data on downtime and other violations of the production process. The program makes it possible for managers to receive up-to-date reports on various criteria, identify violations, and select appropriate corrective actions. This ready-made solution automates the process of accounting and hazard analysis. The program was tested at LLC Yug with the focus on the time that operators and managers needed to register the problem, analyze the data, develop corrective or preventive measures, and apply them. Conclusion. The new software proved to be less time-consuming than standard procedures applied in food industry and made it possible to save the time that operators and managers spent on decision making and reporting.

Ascertaining Important Features of the JAPROSIM Simulation Library

This paper describes important features of JAPROSIM, a free and open source simulation library implemented in Java programming language. It provides a framework for building discrete event simulation models. The process interaction world view adopted by JAPROSIM is discussed. We present the architecture and major components of the simulation library. In order to ascertain important features of JAPROSIM, examples are given. Further motivations are discussed and suggestions for improving our work are given.

The comparative analysis of Java frameworks: Spring Boot, Micronaut and Quarkus

The aim of the work is a comparative analysis of three frameworks designed for building web applications for the Java programming language: Spring Boot 2.4.4, Micronaut 2.5.4 and Quarkus 1.13.4.Final. Test applications were prepared, equipped with the same functionality as used in the experiment consisting in measuring the server response times to a POST request – performing the data entry into the database. For each test application, the scenario aimed at measuring the time of handling requests under various load conditions was repeated five times. During each repetition of the scenario, the load which was the average number of requests sent per second by virtual users was increased. In parallel with performance tests, the reliability of the test applications was measured. Reliability was defined as the percentage of requests sent to the server that ended in a failure. The comparative analysis also took into consideration the volume of the code of the test applications based on the selected frameworks. The performed analyses showed that in terms of all the criteria considered in this work Micronaut proved to be the best framework.

Comparative analysis of connection performance with databases via JDBC interface and ORM programming frameworks

The research subject of this paper was the comparative analysis of efficiency of connections with databases using different communication methods based on Java programming language. The tools investigated included JDBC drivers and Object-relational mapping (ORM) frameworks. A survey based on 8 different criteria was conducted to determine the most effective method and tool for working with relational databases when developing Java applications. The weights of the criteria were determined through a survey of Java programmers and computer science students.

Performance Evaluation of Java Programming Strategies

Java is one of the most demanding programming languages nowadays and it is used for developing a wide range of software applications including desktop, mobile, embedded, and web applications. Writing efficient Java codes for those various types of applications (which some are critical and time-sensitive) is crucial and recommended best practices that every Java developer should consider. To date, there is a lack of in-depth experimental studies in the literature that evaluate the impact of writing efficient Java programming strategies on the performance of desktop applications in terms of runtime. Thus, this paper aims to perform a variety of experimental tests that have been carefully chosen and implemented to evaluate the most important aspects of desktop efficient Java programming in terms of runtime. The results of this study show that significant performance improvements can be achieved by applying different programming strategies.

An improved Framework for Biometric Database’s privacy

Security and privacy are huge challenges in biometric systems. Biometrics are sensitive data that should be protected from any attacker and especially attackers targeting the confidentiality and integrity of biometric data. In this paper an extensive review of different physiological biometric techniques is provided. A comparative analysis of the various sus mentioned biometrics, including characteristics and properties is conducted. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the most relevant physiological biometrics is achieved. Furthermore, we propose a new framework for biometric database privacy. Our approach is based on the use of the promising fully homomorphic encryption technology. As a proof of concept, we establish an initial implementation of our security module using JAVA programming language.

Research on the Transformation of Teaching and Research Form of Professional Teachers in Blended Learning at Colleges and Universities – Taking the Java Programming Course as an Example

In view of the current situation that offline teaching is the main mode of teaching Java Programming in higher vocational schools, this paper introduces the online and offline hybrid teaching method and expounds it from the aspects of blended learning design, teaching organization, and implementation. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of blended learning, this paper proposes that under the new mode, teachers should actively change the form of teaching and research, the teaching mode, and the role of teachers, take students as the center, and build an independent and effective classroom.

LSB-based Audio Steganographical Framework for Securing Data in Transit

The benefits that individuals and organizations derive from the digital era comes with its own challenges. Globally, data has become one of the greatest assets for decision making and operational improvements among businesses, government agencies and even individuals. Data on its own and at its source does not make so much contribution to business processes. Data is transmitted from one location to another towards attainment of its goal as a critical resource in decision making. However, data including sensitive or confidential ones are transmitted via public channels such as the Internet. The data so transmitted via the Internet is vulnerable to interception and unauthorized manipulation. This demands that data in transit is protected from the prying eyes of the malicious internet users. One of such strategies for transmitting data via public channels such as the Internet without attracting attention from intruders is steganography. In this paper, the least significant bit algorithm was used with an audio file for hiding data in transit. The algorithm used in this research proves to be one of the simplest ways of securing data using audio steganography. The method employed the LSB technique by using audio files as the stego object for the final implementation in the Java programming language. The experimental results proved to be one of the best methods of implementing steganography. The accuracy of the stego objects shows high quality, and similarity scores with an improved processing time.  

Effective Online Tools for Teaching Java Programming Course on an Online Platform

Perancangan aplikasi penjualan berbasis android sebagai media pemesanan pada distro online.

Abstrak: Di zaman sekarang ini perusahaan dan bisnis startup berkembang sangat cepat seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, dan dengan perkembangan zaman itu juga, itu hampir setiap masyarakat di era sekarang memiliki perangkat handphone dan sudah dianggap salah satu bagian yang paling penting dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari. Dan sekarang ada banyak juga jenis perusahaan atau bisnis startup yang dapat kita temui, dan salah satu yang paling sering ditemui merupakan jenis startup yang ditargetkan untuk masyarakat pengguna handphone, dan dalam pemasarannya perusahaan dan bisnis startup ini membuat suatu media untuk memudahkan masyarakat dalam mengakses konten yang mereka jual, yaitu dalam bentuk suatu aplikasi berbasis sistem android. Ditambah lagi dengan adanya wabah Covid-19 dan juga kebijakan-kebijakan pemerintah yang membatasi pergerakan masyarakat, aplikasi startup ini sangat membantu dapat menjadi solusi bagi para pengusaha untuk memenuhi penjualan mereka ditengah masa pandemi, serta menyebarluaskan aplikasi Distro supaya lebih dikenal luas oleh masyarakat sehingga berminat untuk menggunakan aplikasi Distro. Beberapa perusahaan dan bisnis kecil yang masih berkembang atau biasa disebut usaha mikro ini sudah mulai mencoba cara- cara baru dalam memasarkan apa yang mereka jual dalam pandemi yang masih terjadi saat ini dan salah satunya membuat aplikasi berbasis sistem android. selain memudahkan penjual memasarkan yang mereka jual, masyarakat yang berperan sebagai pembeli pun dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi dan melakukan transaksi jual-beli melalui aplikasi tersebut tanpa harus datang ke toko fisik secara langsung. Dan dengan dibuatnya aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sebagai contoh untuk bagaiman usaha mikro dalam membuat aplikasi untuk bisnis yang mereka jalani. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, penulis mencoba membuat sebuah rancangan Aplikasi Distro Online Berbasis Android dan sistem Aplikasi Android ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan Waterfall, dengan bahasa pemrograman java dan database yang digunakan adalah cPanel.   Kata kunci: android, aplikasi, startup, usaha mikro   Abstract: Startup companies and businesses are growing very quickly along with the times, and with the development of this era, almost every society in this era has a mobile phone and is considered one of the most important parts of everyday life. And now there’s all types of startup companies or businesses that we can find, and one of the most frequently encountered is the type of startup that is targeted at the mobile phone users, and to market what these startup companies and businesses sell, a media platform is created to make it easier for people to access the content that they are provided, namely by forming an app based on the android system. Coupled with the COVID-19 outbreak and also government policies that restrict people's movement, This startup application is very helpful, it can be a solution for entrepreneurs to meet their sales in the midst of a pandemic, as well as disseminate the Distro application so that it is more widely known by the public so that they are interested in using the Distro application. Some companies and small businesses that are still in development or commonly called micro-enterprises have started trying new ways to market what they provided in the current pandemic and one of them is by making applications based on the Android system. In addition to making it easier for sellers to market what they sell, customers can easily access information and made transactions through the application without having to come to a the store directly. And with the creation of this application, it is hoped that it can serve as an example for how micro-enterprises make applications for the businesses they do. Based on the description above, the author tried to create a design of the Android-Based Online Distro Application and the Android Application system was developed using waterfall development methods, with the java programming language and database used is cPanel.   Keywords: android, application, micro business, startup

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Java and the Database (JDBC)

• First Online: 22 September 2020

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• David Parsons   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9815-036X 4  

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This chapter explains how to create and populate a database using the MySQL relational database management system (RDBMS). It also demonstrates how a JDBC driver enables Java code to connect to and interact with a relational database using a standard API. Code examples cover the execution of queries to create a ResultSet, and the execution of updates. They also demonstrate how PreparedStatements can be set up that can be efficiently reused for common types of interaction with the database. The level of interaction between Java and the database described in this chapter is at the very simple level of moving data in and out of the database and does not address in detail the much broader issue of object relational mapping. It therefore directs readers interested in further detail of how objects can be made persistent in a relational database to explore the Java Persistence API, which can be used with both SQL and NoSQL databases.

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Parsons, D. (2020). Java and the Database (JDBC). In: Foundational Java. Texts in Computer Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54518-5_15

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Special Features

Vendor voice.

Java thriving after 30 years

Why openjdk is as important as ever in the big picture of it.

Sponsored Feature For nearly 30 years, Java has been one of the most widely used programming languages in the world, thanks to its versatility, reliability, stability and continuous evolution in addressing the needs of the DevOps community.

Java is a critically important component for applications such as cloud services, big data, e-commerce, payments, fraud and identity, trading and many others.

With time comes inevitable change, however. Oracle, which acquired the Java franchise when it bought Sun Microsystems for $7.4 billion in 2009 and released version 22 on March 19 of this year, threw the Java licensing community into turmoil when it moved to an employee-based pricing and licensing model last year, one that includes all staff workers and contractors in the organization, regardless of how much Java is actually used. This was the fourth major update to Oracle pricing or licensing in as many years.

Previously, Oracle's site licensing was based on the number of desktops and server processors an enterprise used to run Java apps. But as a result of the changes, Oracle Java pricing is going up, up and away. And many frustrated customers are naturally seeking alternatives.

"After Oracle changed the pricing policy in January 2023, there was a major 'What in the world is going on?' reaction by the Java community, because they moved to, in our opinion, a very nonsensical way of charging for Java that's frankly, very unfair," says Scott Sellers, President, CEO & co-founder of Azul.

How OpenJDK created a level playing field

Sun open-sourced a version of the Java virtual machine (JVM) and the development kit (JDK) in 2006 – something the open source community had requested for several years – by creating the OpenJDK project and in the process created an entirely new market. Azul exclusively focuses on Java and the OpenJDK and builds enterprise Java runtime solutions, for example, while major players like Amazon, Google and IBM also work cooperatively in the OpenJDK community.

"What (OpenJDK) created is a very level playing field so that different vendors like Azul can offer competing products relative to Oracle Java," explains Sellers. "And I think as a result of that, the open source nature of what Java is and the fact that it all comes from the same place, there is no different code that Oracle uses versus what we use or others use, and that's kept Java unified and collaborative. Additionally, the Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK), part of the Java SE specification, gives users confidence that their OpenJDK runtime is functionally identical to Oracle Java SE. Other platforms, whether it's Python or others, have all sorts of different forks and variants which cause a lot of incompatibilities and developer confusion. Java has really been amazing in terms of all versions being on the same page and having full compatibility across different vendor stacks."

The company also makes Zing JVM (included in its Platform Prime product), an enhanced version of OpenJDK, which is designed for workloads requiring high performance, low latency, highly consistent response times or faster startup and warmup times.

2023 State of Java report findings

Azul researches and produces a State of Java Survey & Report , the first of which launched last year. This study found that:

- more than 8 out of 10 respondents (82 percent) using Oracle Java said they are concerned about the new Java SE employee-based pricing and licensing model introduced last year; and

- more than 7 out of 10 (72 percent) respondents said they were considering open source alternatives such OpenJDK, and of those who were not, 14 percent said it didn't occur to them that they could do so.

- 42 percent of respondents indicated they still use at least one instance of Oracle Java, 74 percent of those organizations stated they also use a JDK from at least one OpenJDK provider.

- About 60 percent of companies have chosen an OpenJDK distribution rather than using Oracle Java SE.

Regarding the shift away from Oracle in favor of non-Oracle JVMs, respected Gartner VP and analyst Anne Thomas was quite clear: "Java is a really nice, mature programming language," Thomas told longtime IT journalist John K. Waters, "and it continues to be enormously popular for good reason. But Oracle's licensing and pricing is an issue for many of the organizations I talk to. Some of them are definitely reconsidering their Java commitments."

Finally, Azul's State of Java Report also found that 98 percent of companies surveyed use Java in some fashion, with 57 percent saying it is the backbone of most of their application and infrastructure estate. The fact that Java is integral to the world's IT environment has never been in question.

Oracle still profits immensely from Java

With the various changes in licensing and pricing, Oracle Java has experienced a sharp decline in market share from approximately 75 percent in 2020 to 34 percent in 2022 to 28 percent in 2023, according to the 2023 State of the Java Ecosystem report by New Relic . This drop was noted particularly after the more restrictive licensing was introduced with Oracle's JDK 11 distribution. Despite these changes, Oracle made attempts to attract more users by adopting a more open stance with Java 17. However, Oracle's market share continued to decrease, while Amazon's share increased with the popularity and adoption of the AWS cloud infrastructure, rising to 31 percent in 2023 from 2.18 percent in 2020 and 22 percent in 2022, becoming the most popular OpenJDK vendor.​

"Nonetheless, we are hearing that Java-related revenue has more than tripled at Oracle," Sellers said. "You have this fascinating dynamic of the number of users using Oracle Java is dropping dramatically, yet Oracle's revenue continues to go up and up."

What that suggests is that Oracle is requiring customers using Oracle Java to sign a commercial license agreement and for those who already have a subscription to pay more and more, but what does it mean for the overall Java community? Because Oracle Java is no different from any other OpenJDK, enterprises can still easily migrate from one to the other.

"It's not like Oracle Java is coming from some magic source base that no one has access to other than Oracle and that the rest of us are dealing with some other source base," says Sellers. "We don't have to reinvent something Oracle has done or re-do implementations or any of that kind of stuff that is impractical to do. All this is coming from the same source base. OpenJDK is pure open-source code and the TCK validates that a vendor's distribution operates exactly the same. It is a true drop-in replacement for the Oracle JDK."

Where Azul partners bring value

OpenValue, based in the Netherlands, is an IT integrator/consultant that is adding to its business by helping companies maintain and upgrade their Java installations.

"While we're primarily a consulting company, something we did as an extra was to help prevent our clients from paying a huge sum of money for something that used to be free while there's also an alternative," OpenValue co-founder Roy Wasse says. "We help them get a far more friendly price, or maybe even switch to an OpenJDK community version if they want to stay on totally free Java."

But firstly customers need to understand what they need to migrate and if they want to move from an expensive Oracle Java implementation to an OpenJDK distribution. "So they need to discover their Java installations; we can help clients do that," Wasse said. "For example, discovering JDK installations is actually an expertise on its own. The client has to understand which Java roots there are. Then they need to understand 'Can we actually migrate it, and where are the challenges?'

That's where OpenValue steps in, using its specific expertise to explain to customers how difficult or easy it will be to migrate their entire Java estate and why they should pick an alternative JDK distribution like Azul. And of course the company can also handle the actual migration.

Azul, a freemium non-Oracle JVM based on OpenJDK, currently is seeing Oracle Java customers switch in droves. During the first three full quarters of 2023, Oracle customers moving to Azul Platform Core comprised 40 percent of new Azul customers and 47 percent of company revenue. Azul Platform Core (which includes the Zulu JDK) is equivalent to Oracle JDK; Azul Platform Prime (which includes the Zing JDK) offers more value and cost savings (loved by FinOps), performance benefits and more scale, according to Wasse.

"Generally our customers report 20 percent to 50 percent less cloud compute costs by using Azul Platform Prime due to lower latency, higher throughput, and faster performance," he said.

Java 22 was released March 19 by Oracle and the OpenJDK community. The latest JDK provides updates and improvements with 12 JDK Enhancement Proposals (JEPs). JDK 22 features language improvements from Project Amber, Unnamed Variables & Patterns, String Templates, and Implicitly Declared Classes and Instance Main Methods); enhancements from Project Panama (Foreign Function & Memory API and Vector API); features related to Project Loom (Structured Concurrency and Scoped Values); core libraries and tools capabilities (Class-File API, Launch Multi-File Source-Code Programs, and Stream Gatherers); and performance updates (Region Pinning for G1).

There are several other non-Oracle Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) available. They include:

Azul Platform Core (Zulu) and Azul Platform Prime (Zing) : Based on OpenJDK with a wide range of platform and version support, including enhancements (Platform Prime), with commercial support available.

Corretto: Based on OpenJDK and supported by Amazon for deployments on AWS.

Eclipse OpenJ9 : An open-source JVM from IBM, supporting various platforms.

Eclipse Temurin : Based on OpenJDK and sponsored by the Eclipse Foundation.

GraalVM : Java runtime based on OpenJDK, it also offers a polyglot feature, allowing seamless mixing of supported languages.

Microsoft Build of OpenJDK : Based on OpenJDK and supported by Microsoft for deployments on Azure.

SapMachine : Based on OpenJDK and supported by SAP for SAP customers.

Azul claims 36 percent of the Fortune 100 use its OpenJDK-based JVM. Specific customers include The University of Sydney , Parnassia Group , Mastercard , Kyocera , BIDS Trading and Curity . As with most educational establishments, The University of Sydney is always looking for efficiency from its IT vendor relationships, not just in terms of lowering costs, but also through the elimination of uncertainty and distractions.

"Supporting so many departments and managing a wide range of vendor relationships means I can't afford to worry about unexpected headaches such as price increases and audits," said Emiliano Fisanotti, Vendor Management Specialist at The University of Sydney. "With Azul we found a trusted partner who was easy to work with and provided a secure, drop-in replacement for Oracle Java."

Elsewhere Melanie van Leeuwen, Contract Manager IT at Parnassia Groep reports that its migration saved the company "80 percent in subscription costs and helped us gain an excellent overview of our Java landscape," while Travis Spencer, CEO of Curity, described Azul Platform Core as "a robust option from a trusted vendor that fits our software development lifecycle." Curity also highlighted the value of having a trusted relationship which was continually reinforced by the "excellent" support the company received from Azul.

These customers illustrate what appears to be unstoppable enterprise momentum behind Java and OpenJDK, a trend which is being confirmed by analyst expectations.

Sponsored by Azul Systems.

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Automated Social Science: Language Models as Scientist and Subjects

We present an approach for automatically generating and testing, in silico, social scientific hypotheses. This automation is made possible by recent advances in large language models (LLM), but the key feature of the approach is the use of structural causal models. Structural causal models provide a language to state hypotheses, a blueprint for constructing LLM-based agents, an experimental design, and a plan for data analysis. The fitted structural causal model becomes an object available for prediction or the planning of follow-on experiments. We demonstrate the approach with several scenarios: a negotiation, a bail hearing, a job interview, and an auction. In each case, causal relationships are both proposed and tested by the system, finding evidence for some and not others. We provide evidence that the insights from these simulations of social interactions are not available to the LLM purely through direct elicitation. When given its proposed structural causal model for each scenario, the LLM is good at predicting the signs of estimated effects, but it cannot reliably predict the magnitudes of those estimates. In the auction experiment, the in silico simulation results closely match the predictions of auction theory, but elicited predictions of the clearing prices from the LLM are inaccurate. However, the LLM's predictions are dramatically improved if the model can condition on the fitted structural causal model. In short, the LLM knows more than it can (immediately) tell.

This research was made possible by a generous grant from Dropbox Inc. Thanks to Jordan Ellenberg, Benjamin Lira Luttges, David Holtz, Bruce Sacerdote, Paul Röttger, Mohammed Alsobay, Ray Duch, Matt Schwartz, David Autor, and Dean Eckles for their helpful feedback. Author's contact information, code, and data are currently or will be available at http://www.benjaminmanning.io/. Both Benjamin S. Manning and Kehang Zhu contributed equally to this work. John J. Horton is a co-founder of a company, Expected Parrot Inc., using generative AI models for market research. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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Title: a survey on the real power of chatgpt.

Abstract: ChatGPT has changed the AI community and an active research line is the performance evaluation of ChatGPT. A key challenge for the evaluation is that ChatGPT is still closed-source and traditional benchmark datasets may have been used by ChatGPT as the training data. In this paper, (i) we survey recent studies which uncover the real performance levels of ChatGPT in seven categories of NLP tasks, (ii) review the social implications and safety issues of ChatGPT, and (iii) emphasize key challenges and opportunities for its evaluation. We hope our survey can shed some light on its blackbox manner, so that researchers are not misleaded by its surface generation.

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