dr robert j gilbert phd

• Course Info – Getting Started
• FREE Mini-Courses
• Applied Integrative Bio-Physics
• REAL History
• Natural Solutions
• Painting From Soul
• UCC: Own Your Strawman
• Vesica Spiritual Science
• Prenatal Life & Birth
• Victim & Criminal Profiling Academy
• Animal Healing Academy
• Seven Sisters Mystery School
• Agapi-based Health & Wellness
• Divine Light Training
• Scalar Tech School
• Eco-Home Training – OFF GRID
• HeartSpeak Lite
• 5D Geometry Academy
• Spirit Medicine
• Consciousness & Spirituality
• Health & Wellness
• Science & Design Innovation
• Natural Law
• The Living Arts
• Socio-Economics & Ecology
• FREE Library
• Administration
• Initiatives
• * Account Info *

Robert J Gilbert, PhD (Fellow)

Robert j. gilbert, ph.d. is a former u.s. marine corps instructor in nuclear-biological-chemical defense, with over 30 years of research into both mainstream and holistic health methods.  he holds a ph.d. in international studies, and contributed to the first academic textbook on transformational politics ., dr. gilbert – a longtime newearth university fellow (since 2016) associated with the school of consciousness & spirituality cross-pollinating with neu’s school of science & design innovation – has extensively studied the spiritual knowledge and practices of many different world spiritual traditions, in order to create his trainings in a clear, concise, and unified new spiritual science. he also teaches unique courses in vibrational testing and healing methods, including rare french methods of vibrational research from the early 1900s., dr. gilbert is director of the vesica institute for holistic studies in asheville, north carolina. he teaches both online and live on-site trainings in the following topics:, *  vibrational testing and healing, *  holistic healthy homes, *  spiritual science, *  sacred geometry, *  spiritual and vibrational applications of crystals and gemstones, *  biogeometry(r), check out a few vesica institute ecourses, neu schools, helpful links.

• *** Courses – Start Here!
• NEU Administration

CENSORED! Channel TBA

NewEarth Horizon

check out …

• World Health Sovereignty Summit ’23
• LOTUS Initiative
• * OPEN FREE STUDENT ACCOUNT *

University News

• Winter Semester ’24 February 16, 2024
• ** Apply to NEU ** September 28, 2023
• Divine Mother at the Gate March 14, 2024
• quotes / quote by Dōgen March 4, 2024
• Report a Bug
• Terms and conditions
• Log in / Register

Log in with your credentials

or      Create an account

Forgot your details?

Create account.

This is the most profound unveiling of these powerful hidden traditions ever offered by the Vesica Institute.

The True Rosicrucian & Holy Grail Traditions

Dr. Gilbert is known for his deep understanding of the Rosicrucian and Holy Grail Traditions as living streams of Spiritual Initiation, however he has only ever given one full series of live trainings on the subject. This series ran from 2002 to 2003, and has never been repeated. Fortunately, this series was videotaped and preserved. However, until now, it has only been a part of the inner archives of the Vesica Institute and not available to the public in any form. This series is intended to open you to a different, deeper, independent path to Spiritual Initiation which connects to the original Spiritual impulses of the Holy Grail and Rosicrucian traditions. These Spiritual impulses, and the Divine Spiritual Beings behind them, are an active, living reality which any sincere Spiritual Seeker can consciously connect to. Tuition: $1,299 for 3 years of unlimited access.

• Register for Course

Presented by Robert J. Gilbert, Ph.D.

An Online Series of 6 Courses

The Spiritual Realities behind the original Holy Grail and Rosicrucian traditions in Europe.

In this series you will learn the original Spiritual Realities which manifested in the Holy Grail and Rosicrucian traditions in Europe, not the modern “Rosicrucian” offshoot organizations in North America and elsewhere. The Holy Grail Tradition in Europe began as a renewed and revitalized form of Spiritual Initiation which had been transformed from earlier Initiation systems through the Christ Impulse. The core of this Holy Grail Initiation was that it was based on an independent direct connection to higher Spiritual Realities (especially the Christ Being and the Divine Sophia) to permanently transform a person’s consciousness and energy body structures to a higher state. This is the penetration of the Holy Spirit and higher Spiritual Beings / Forces into the human Crown chakra from above, then penetrating through their Central Column / Middle Pillar down into the Earth; this transformation of the human energy field is connected to the Toroidal circulation of energy around the physical body which has in its Center the form of a Grail cup. The Rosicrucian tradition was a further development of this Holy Grail impulse which manifested hundreds of years later, first esoterically with the Initiation of Christian Rosenkreutz (Rosy Cross) and then externally with the publication of the first Rosicrucian texts in Central Europe in the early 1600’s. The original Rosicrucian impulse had no dogmatic physical organization of any kind, no grand titles, no external ranks or grades to move through, etc. In the true, original Rosicrucian impulse every person connects directly to Spirit, with no intermediary person or organization. The Rosicrucian Initiate’s consciousness and energy system is transformed so that their energy centers blossom through the power of Divine Love and Service (the Red Roses), within their own physical body and through the difficult trials of incarnating on the Earth (the Black Cross). The original Holy Grail & Rosicrucian mysteries were first revealed to the public through the work of Rudolf Steiner in the early 1900’s. Included in this Series:

Includes Hard-to-Find Inner Teachings from the original European Rosicrucian and Holy Grail Traditions.

Detailed Explanations of some of the most important — yet hidden – Spiritual Mysteries.

Rare Spiritual Exercises are included in the series, including some which are not available in any of our other online Spiritual Science courses.

Collected information drawn from over a hundred original sources, plus Dr. Gilbert’s own new teachings.

Based on 30+ years of Intensive Research and Personal Exploration of Key Spiritual Initiation Methods.

Each Course Includes its Own:

Streaming Videos of the Course

Downloadable MP3 Audio of the Entire Course

Extensive Course Manual in downloadable PDF format

Not Ready to Register Yet?

Access Free Member Resources

Add your email below, to become a free member and receive our newsletter and total access to our Members-Only Resource Pages! Member benefits include:

Free access to the first episodes of our Gaia Sacred Geometry series upon release

Articles and Videos

Free Excerpts from paid Courses

Original info-packed Scripts for all episodes of the Gaia Sacred Geometry series

Newsletters with Discount Codes + Latest News Updates!

More Courses by Vesica

Vibrational Testing & Healing

How to Use Crystals and Gemstones

Essential Teachings and Practices of Spiritual Science

Robert J. Gilbert Ph.D. is the Founder of the Vesica Institute for Holistic Studies. He was formerly a U.S. Marine Corps instructor for the survival of Nuclear, Biological & Chemical Warfare, was the first U.S. instructor in the Clairvision school, and was the first non-Egyptian to become a certified instructor in BioGeometry®. He teaches live courses internationally, in addition to offering a wide-range of online trainings at www.vesica.org

Learn More About The Vesica Institute

Stay up to date on the latest from Dr. Robert Gilbert and the Vesica Institute by entering your email below.

• © 2023 SAX MKTG LLC
• Privacy Policy
• Terms & Conditions

Subscribed!

Thank you for subscribing. Please check your inbox for more information and add us to your contact list.

Post comment

or continue as guest

The Vesica & Tree of Life

The Vesica & Tree of Life Sacred Geometry: Spiritual Science with Robert J. Gilbert

What are the best ways to interact with different spiritual beings and influences we encounter on our spiritual paths? Founder of the Vesica Institute Robert J. Gilbert, Ph.D., distills ancient Egyptian temple science with practical methods for enhancing our energy bodies and connecting with non-physical beings. Explore sacred patterns with Dr. Gilbert to learn the secret of creating a portal to the divine by utilizing the Vesica and Tree of Life symbols.

See the companion practice in episode 11 of this series: "Practice: GOLD Heart Matrix".

Next Episodes

Practice: GOLD Heart Matrix

Merkaba & the Black Cube

Practice: Egyptian Radiant Star

You might also like.

Masters of the Net

The Secret Code of Creation

Consciousness Beyond the Hologram

The Serpent and the Lotus

Spiritual Beliefs of Atlantis

Wisdom Across the Dimensions

Decoding the Sepher Yitzirah

Manifesting Through Source

Linking Symbology Through Time

The Geometry of Consciousness

Evolutionary Patterns of the Universe

The Philosopher's Stone & Ringsel Crystals

Geometry of Sound

The World: Nirvana Unfolding

Enter your email to start your free trial., username or email, forgot password.

Enter your email address and we'll send you a link to reset your password.

A link to reset your password has been sent to you.

Your Privacy Matters at Gaia!

At Gaia, Inc., we care about your privacy, and we want to be totally upfront about how we handle your information at Gaia. 

We use cookies. Unless you adjust your browser settings to refuse cookies, we (and these third parties) will issue cookies when you interact with Gaia. These may be ‘session’ cookies, meaning they delete themselves when you leave Gaia, or ‘persistent’ cookies which do not delete themselves and help us recognize you when you return so we can provide a tailored service.

You can block cookies by activating a setting on your browser allowing you to refuse the setting of cookies. You can also delete cookies through your browser settings. If you use your browser settings to disable, reject, or block cookies (including essential cookies), certain parts of our website or app will not function fully. In some cases, our website or app may not be accessible at all.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Gaia only uses and collects sensitive personal information for the purposes allowed by law or with your consent.

We do not sell or provide email addresses to any unauthorized third party and do not authorize any third party or affiliate to misuse products or services created by or associated with Gaia in spam or bulk emails. If you feel you have received any unwanted emails from us, please contact us immediately and we will look into the matter.

If you have a question regarding our privacy practices, please refer to our Privacy Policy .

Transforming the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses.

Información en español

Celebrating 75 Years! Learn More >>

• Science News
• Meetings and Events
• Social Media
• Press Resources
• Email Updates
• Innovation Speaker Series

Basic Research Powers the First Medication for Postpartum Depression

May 14, 2024 • Feature Story • 75th Anniversary

At a Glance

• Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental disorder that many women experience after giving birth.
• Onset of PPD coincides with a dramatic drop in levels of a brain-derived steroid (neurosteroid) known as allopregnanolone.
• Decades of research supported by NIMH illuminated the role of neurosteroids like allopregnanolone in mental illnesses.
• In 2019, brexanolone—a medication that acts by mimicking allopregnanolone—became the first approved drug to treat PPD.
• Able to significantly and rapidly reduce PPD symptoms, brexanolone was a major leap forward in depression treatment.

Joshua A. Gordon, M.D., Ph.D., a practicing psychiatrist at the time, would never forget the call he received one night from a distraught mother.

“She was plagued with a deep, inescapable hopelessness—so depressed she was afraid she was going to hurt her month-old daughter. I helped her get to the hospital, where she spent the next 2 months in an in-patient program trying every available treatment to recover,” said Dr. Gordon, now the Director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).

Unfortunately, this experience is not uncommon among women and other postpartum people who may feel intense sadness, anxiety, and loss of interest after giving birth. These symptoms can be signs of a clinical disorder known as postpartum depression (PPD) . Unlike the "baby blues" or feelings of sadness many new mothers experience in the days after delivery, PPD is more intense and long-lasting, with damaging impacts on health and well-being.

More than the blues: Impacts of PPD on women's mental health

Depression is a common but serious mood disorder. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), rates of depression are high—and rising—among postpartum women. Using data from the 2018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System  , the CDC found that about 1 in 8 postpartum women had symptoms of depression, while another CDC study  showed rates of PPD that were seven times higher in 2015 compared to 2000.

Depression can happen to anyone, and it's especially tough for new moms dealing with the physical challenges of childbirth and the stresses of caring for a young child. When women experience PPD, they often have strong feelings of sadness, anxiety, worthlessness, and guilt. Their sleep, eating, thoughts, and actions can all change noticeably. These mood and behavior changes can be highly distressing and even life-threatening, making it difficult for a woman to do everyday things and take care of herself or her child. In extreme cases, women with PPD may be at risk of hurting themselves or their child or attempting suicide.

Fast-acting, effective treatment for PPD can be life-changing and potentially lifesaving. However, for too long, such care was hard to reach, leaving many women to struggle with depression at a pivotal point in life. Despite some similarities, PPD is not the same as major depression at other times in life. Because of this, usual depression treatments are much less effective in managing the symptoms of PPD.

“PPD is very difficult to treat,” said Mi Hillefors, M.D., Ph.D., Deputy Director of the NIMH Division of Translational Research. “It is usually treated with medications originally approved for major depression—despite limited evidence that they are effective in treating PPD. Standard depression treatments, including antidepressants, psychotherapy, and brain stimulation therapy, can also take weeks or longer to work.”

PPD’s unique risk factors reflect the physical changes of pregnancy and the postpartum period, which include dramatic changes in levels of many hormones and other molecules.

These biological changes had long been seen as a possible source of postpartum mood disorders like depression. But could they also be a solution?

Unlocking the power of allopregnanolone through basic research

Some psychiatric medications owe their discovery to chance. Not so with brexanolone, the first-ever medication to specifically treat PPD. Brexanolone culminated a long series of research studies, much of it funded by NIMH as part of its commitment to understand and support women’s mental health .

Thanks to NIMH-supported basic research, brexanolone was developed by design—a design centered around a molecule called allopregnanolone  .

Allopregnanolone is a steroid naturally produced in the brain and with important actions there, such as regulating neurotransmitter activity and protecting neurons from damage. Its impact extends to mental health, with higher levels linked to better mood, lower anxiety, and reduced depression  .

Allopregnanolone is also important to pregnancy  , during which its levels are extremely high. This happens because of the enhanced production of a hormone called progesterone, which prepares the body for pregnancy and childbirth.

In the last few months of pregnancy, the ovaries and placenta make more progesterone, causing a huge rise in allopregnanolone levels. These levels then drop rapidly after birth. Because allopregnanolone plays a crucial role in mood, these ups and downs can impact a woman’s mental health during and after pregnancy.

Researchers had been aware of brain-derived steroids like allopregnanolone as far back as the 1940s. But the journey to a new PPD treatment began within NIMH's Intramural Research Program (IRP) . At the helm was the NIMH Scientific Director at that time, Steven Paul, M.D., who collaborated with researchers in the NIMH Clinical Neuroscience Branch and at other NIH institutes, including the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The researchers sought to understand how the steroids work, change over time, respond to stress, and ultimately relate to health and disease.

Early discoveries came in the 1980s. Paul, working with Maria Majewska, Ph.D., Jacqueline Crawley, Ph.D., A. Leslie Morrow, Ph.D., and other researchers showed that hormones such as progesterone and molecules derived from them have calming and anxiety-reducing effects  . Extensive research by Paul’s lab showed that these anxiolytic effects come from enhancing the activity of GABA  by binding to specific sites on its receptor. As the main inhibitory neurotransmitter (chemical messenger), GABA reduces the activity of neurons, making them less likely to fire. When molecules bind to its receptor, GABA becomes more potent at inhibiting electrical activity  in the brain, with calming effects on behavior.

Paul and IRP colleague Robert Purdy, Ph.D., used the term “ neuroactive steroids  ,” or neurosteroids, to describe these molecules able to bind to receptors in the brain to rapidly alter neuronal excitability. Their work in animals confirmed that allopregnanolone is synthesized in the brain  . They also showed the effects of allopregnanolone on GABA receptors in humans. Moreover, they found that allopregnanolone affects the response to stress  , with acute stress leading the neurosteroid to increase to levels that alter GABA activity. These findings suggested that neurosteroids play an important role in helping animals “reset” and adaptively respond to stressful life events.

Together, this IRP-conducted research established the importance of neurosteroids via their presence in the brain, ability to reduce neuronal activity, and release during stress. Although much of this work was conducted in animals, it would spotlight neurosteroids—and allopregnanolone in particular—as promising targets for treating mental disorders, eventually opening the door to their therapeutic use in humans.

Bridging the gap to advance clinical intervention

While NIMH intramural researchers were making remarkable strides, researchers at other institutions were also conducting work bolstered by funding from NIMH. Among them were Alessandro Guidotti, M.D., at the University of Illinois at Chicago; Istvan Mody, Ph.D., at the University of California, Los Angeles; and Charles Zorumski, M.D., at Washington University in St. Louis. Their NIMH-funded research propelled understanding of inhibitory neurosteroids and their importance in reducing the adverse effects of stress. This work would be the impetus for homing in on allopregnanolone as a treatment for PPD.

Guidotti and colleagues conducted several NIMH-funded studies. Their research in rodents confirmed that allopregnanolone is produced in the brain  and helps regulate neuronal excitability  by acting on GABA receptors. They also built on the knowledge that neurosteroids are affected by stress. However, unlike acute stress, a stressor lasting multiple weeks led to a decrease in allopregnanolone  in brain areas involved in anxiety- and depression-like behaviors.

Importantly, their NIMH-funded work offered some of the earliest evidence that allopregnanolone contributes to depression by showing significantly lower levels  in people with depression compared to people without the disorder, a rise in levels (but not that of other neurosteroids) after treatment with antidepressant medication  , and a link between increased levels and reduced depression symptoms  .

NIMH and NINDS funded multiple studies by Mody and colleagues on interactions of neurosteroids, stress, and GABA receptors. This research was integral to understanding a mechanism in the brains of mice  that might explain why some people become depressed after childbirth. Their NIMH-supported research  showed changes in GABA receptors in the brain, where neurosteroids are active, that impaired the body’s ability to adapt to hormonal fluctuations. Animals with an irregular GABA receptor component lacking sensitivity to neurosteroids showed depression-like behaviors and reduced maternal care; treating them with a drug that restored the receptor’s function reversed those changes.

Another study by Mody and colleagues  revealed changes in GABA expression during pregnancy that led to greater neuronal activity in the brain—but could be brought down by allopregnanolone. This finding opened the door to future studies exploring whether a postpartum drop in the neurosteroid contributed to the risk for mood disorders after birth.

Zorumski led a team in extensively studying neurosteroids as well. Among their seminal findings was identifying the mechanisms by which inhibitory neurosteroids like allopregnanolone affect GABA receptor activity  . Their NIMH-funded work dramatically augmented knowledge of how neurosteroids alter GABA receptors to contribute to the risk for mental disorders like PPD.

“The accumulated evidence from these studies established the necessary bridges to justify examining a potential therapeutic role for allopregnanolone in women with PPD,” said Peter Schmidt, M.D., Chief of the NIMH Behavioral Endocrinology Branch.

By the 2010s, researchers had a much better understanding of how allopregnanolone is linked to PPD. Studies showed decreased allopregnanolone in pregnant  and postpartum  women with symptoms of depression and higher allopregnanolone associated with a lower risk of PPD  . The possibility that PPD might be caused by the downregulation of GABA receptors in response to low levels of allopregnanolone after birth inspired researchers to put that theory to the test in clinical studies with human participants.

Taking allopregnanolone from bench to bedside

Extensive research, supported by NIMH and other NIH institutes, found that neurosteroids play a key role in how people deal with stress. They also contribute to the development of mood disorders like anxiety and depression. For allopregnanolone, evidence that it sharply decreases after pregnancy and regulates GABA activity gave rise to the notion that it contributes to PPD—and inspired hope it could be used to treat the disorder.

The biopharmaceutical company Sage Therapeutics utilized this basic research to develop brexanolone. Administered intravenously by a health care professional in a doctor’s office or clinic, brexanolone mimics the effects of allopregnanolone, increasing the inhibitory actions of GABA receptors.

Stephen Kanes, M.D., Ph.D., at Sage Therapeutics and Samantha Meltzer-Brody, M.D., MPH, at the University of North Carolina led several randomized clinical trials to measure the effectiveness of the medication in treating PPD and evaluate its safety and tolerability. The studies, which recruited adult women with PPD from hospitals, research centers, and psychiatric clinics across the United States, measured the effects of brexanolone compared to a placebo over 4 weeks.

The trials were a success. Brexanolone significantly and meaningfully reduced PPD symptoms  , and it had only mild side effects. Compared to usual depression treatments, brexanolone brought about a faster response and greater improvement  . Whereas most antidepressants take weeks to work, brexanolone improved symptoms and functioning in women with PPD within a few hours to days. And the effects lasted up to a month after the treatment stopped. Not only was brexanolone more effective, but it also worked faster than other depression medications.

“The dramatic impact of basic research on real-world health outcomes has been inspiring. The fact that NIMH-supported studies contributed to successful drug development in a matter of decades is a remarkable feat and a powerful demonstration of the potential of this foundational research,” said Dr. Gordon.

Based on this promising evidence, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gave brexanolone priority review and breakthrough therapy designation in September 2016. Then, in March 2019, the FDA approved brexanolone  , making it the first drug to treat PPD.

Brightening the future for women with PPD

For women with PPD, brexanolone was a long-awaited reason to celebrate. For NIMH, it was a testament to discoveries made through the decades of research it supported. Although some barriers to treatment persisted, women now had greater hope for treating depression symptoms after pregnancy.

“The approval of brexanolone was an important milestone. Finally, an effective, fast-acting medication specifically to treat PPD,” said Dr. Hillefors. “It was also a victory for psychiatric neuroscience because basic and translational research—by design, not chance—led to a truly novel and effective treatment for a psychiatric disorder.”

Without NIMH-supported studies providing the foundational knowledge of neurosteroids, researchers may have never made the connection between allopregnanolone and treating PPD. “That’s why the approval of brexanolone is such a cause for celebration for mental health research: It represents a true bench-to-bedside success,” said Dr. Gordon.

The success of brexanolone has continued to open the door to exciting advancements in mental health care. For instance, researchers and clinicians are investigating ways to make brexanolone work better for all postpartum people. Researchers are also testing how neurosteroids can be used to treat other forms of depression and other mental health conditions.

Just the beginning of treatment advances for PPD

Brexanolone is only the start of what will hopefully be a new future for PPD treatment. In August 2023, the FDA approved zuranolone  as the first oral medication for PPD. Zuranolone acts via similar biological mechanisms as brexanolone. Its approval reflects the next step in NIMH-supported basic research being translated into clinical practice with real-world benefits.

The success of the drug, which is taken in pill form, was shown in two randomized multicenter clinical trials  . Women with severe PPD who received zuranolone showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in depression symptoms compared to women who received a placebo. These effects were rapid, sustained through 45 days, and seen across a range of clinical measures. The benefits were mirrored in patients’ self-assessment of their depression symptoms.

According to Dr. Schmidt, “The approval of zuranolone to treat PPD provides women with a rapid and effective treatment that avoids some of the limitations of the original intravenous medication.”

And the journey is far from over. Researchers, clinicians, and industry are continuing to innovate new treatments for PPD to increase access and availability to ensure all people can receive help for their postpartum symptoms.

“While I will never forget that phone call from my patient, the development of these effective medications brings us hope for helping people with PPD and for the overall impact of basic research to truly make a difference in people’s lives,” concluded Dr. Gordon.

Publications

Burval, J., Kerns, R., & Reed, K. (2020). Treating postpartum depression with brexanolone. Nursing , 50 (5), 48−53. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000657072.85990.5a  

Cornett, E. M., Rando, L., Labbé, A. M., Perkins, W., Kaye, A. M., Kaye, A. D., Viswanath, O., & Urits, I. (2021). Brexanolone to treat postpartum depression in adult women. Psychopharmacology Bulletin , 51 (2), 115–130. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8146562/pdf/PB-51-2-115.pdf 

Deligiannidis, K. M., Meltzer-Brody, S., Maximos, B., Peeper, E. Q., Freeman, M., Lasser, R., Bullock, A., Kotecha, M., Li, S., Forrestal, F., Rana, N., Garcia, M., Leclair, B., & Doherty, J. (2023). Zuranolone for the treatment of postpartum depression. American Journal of Psychiatry , 180 (9), 668−675. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20220785  

Deligiannidis, K. M., Kroll-Desrosiers, A. R., Mo, S., Nguyen, H. P., Svenson, A., Jaitly, N., ... & Shaffer, S. A. (2016). Peripartum neuroactive steroid and γ-aminobutyric acid profiles in women at-risk for postpartum depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology , 70 , 98−107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.05.010  

Edinoff, A. N., Odisho, A. S., Lewis, K., Kaskas, A., Hunt, G., Cornett, E. M., Kaye, A. D., Kaye, A., Morgan, J., Barrilleaux, P. S., Lewis, D., Viswanath, O., & Urits, I. (2021). Brexanolone, a GABAA modulator, in the treatment of postpartum depression in adults: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Psychiatry , 12 , Article 699740. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699740  

Epperson, C. N., Rubinow, D. R., Meltzer-Brody, S., Deligiannidis, K. M., Riesenberg, R., Krystal, A.D., Bankole, K., Huang, M. Y., Li, H., Brown, C., Kanes, S. J., & Lasser R. (2023). Effect of brexanolone on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and insomnia in women with postpartum depression: Pooled analyses from 3 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials in the HUMMINGBIRD clinical program. Journal of Affective Disorders , 320 , 353−359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.143  

Gilbert Evans, S. E., Ross, L. E., Sellers, E. M., Purdy, R. H., & Romach, M. K. (2005). 3α-reduced neuroactive steroids and their precursors during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Gynecological Endocrinology , 21 (5), 268−279. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590500361747  

Guintivano, J., Manuck, T., & Meltzer-Brody, S. (2018). Predictors of postpartum depression: A comprehensive review of the last decade of evidence. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology , 61 (3), 591−603. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000368  

Gunduz-Bruce, H., Koji, K., & Huang, M.-Y. (2022). Development of neuroactive steroids for the treatment of postpartum depression. Journal of Neuroendocrinology , 34 (2), Article e13019. https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13019  

Haight, S. C., Byatt, N., Moore Simas, T. A., Robbins, C. L., & Ko, J. Y. (2019). Recorded diagnoses of depression during delivery hospitalizations in the United States, 2000-2015. Obstetrics and Gynecology , 133 (6), 1216−1223. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003291  

Hellgren, C., Åkerud, H., Skalkidou, A., Bäckström, T., & Sundström-Poromaa, I. (2014). Low serum allopregnanolone is associated with symptoms of depression in late pregnancy. Neuropsychobiology , 69 (3), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358838  

Hutcherson, T. C., Cieri-Hutcherson, N. E., & Gosciak, M. F. (2023). Brexanolone for postpartum depression. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy , 77 (5), 336−345. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxz333  

Kanes, S., Colquhoun, H., Gunduz-Bruce, H., Raines, S., Arnold, R., Schacterle, A., Doherty, J., Epperson, C. N., Deligiannidis, K. M., Riesenberg, R., Hoffmann, E., Rubinow, D., Jonas, J., Paul, S., & Meltzer-Brody, S. (2017). Brexanolone (SAGE-547 injection) in post-partum depression: A randomised controlled trial. The Lancet , 390(10093), 480−489. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31264-3  

Leader, L. D., O'Connell, M., & VandenBerg, A. (2019). Brexanolone for postpartum depression: Clinical evidence and practical considerations. Pharmacotherapy , 39 (11), 1105–1112. https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2331  

Maguire, J., & Mody, I. (2008). GABAAR plasticity during pregnancy: Relevance to postpartum depression. Neuron , 59 (2), P207–P213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2008.06.019  

Maguire, J., & Mody, I. (2016). Behavioral deficits in juveniles mediated by maternal stress hormones in mice. Neural Plasticity , Article 2762518. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2762518  

Majewska, M. D., Harrison, N. L., Schwartz, R. D., Barker, J. L., & Paul, S. M. (1986). Steroid hormone metabolites are barbiturate-like modulators of the GABA receptor. Science , 232 (4753), 1004−1007. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2422758  

McEvoy, K., & Osborne, L. M. (2019). Allopregnanolone and reproductive psychiatry: An overview. International Review of Psychiatry , 31 (3), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1553775  

Meltzer-Brody, S., Colquhoun, H., Riesenberg, R., Epperson, C. N., Deligiannidis, K. M., Rubinow, D. R., Li, H., Sankoh, A. J., Clemson, C., Schacterle, A., Jonas, J., & Kanes, S. (2018). Brexanolone injection in post-partum depression: Two multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. The Lancet , 392 (10152), 1058−1070. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31551-4  

Morrison, K. E., Cole, A. B., Thompson, S. M., & Bale, T. L. (2019). Brexanolone for the treatment of patients with postpartum depression. Drugs Today , 55 (9), 537–544. https://doi.org/10.1358/dot.2019.55.9.3040864  

Purdy, R. H., Morrow, A. L., Moore, P. H., & Paul, S. M. (1991). Stress-induced elevations of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor-active steroids in the rat brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 88 (10), 4553−4557. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.10.4553  

Scarff, J. R. (2019). Use of brexanolone for postpartum depression. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience , 16 (11−12), 32–35.

Schüle, C., Nothdurfter, C., & Rupprecht, R. (2014). The role of allopregnanolone in depression and anxiety. Progress in Neurobiology , 113 , 79−87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.09.003  

Selye, H. (1941). Anesthetic effect of steroid hormones. Experimental Biology and Medicine , 46 (1), 116–121. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-46-11907  

Shorey, S., Chee, C. Y. I., Ng, E. D., Chan, Y. H., Tam, W. W. S., & Chong, Y. S. (2018). Prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research , 104 , 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001  

Slomian, J., Honvo, G., Emonts, P., Reginster, J. Y., & Bruyère, O. (2019). Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes. Women's Health , 15 , 1−55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745506519844044  

• Perinatal Depression (NIMH brochure)
• Depression in Women: 4 Things You Should Know (NIMH health topic page)
• Depression (NIMH health topic page)
• Major Depression (NIMH statistics page)
• Women and Mental Health (NIMH health topic page)
• A Bench-to-Bedside Story: The Development of a Treatment for Postpartum Depression (NIMH Director’s Message)
• Bench-to-Bedside: NIMH Research Leading to Brexanolone, First-Ever Drug Specifically for Postpartum Depression (NIIMH press release)
• Population Study Finds Depression Is Different Before, During, and After Pregnancy (NIMH research highlight)
• FDA Approves First Treatment for Post-Partum Depression  (FDA news release)
• FDA Approves First Oral Treatment for Postpartum Depression  (FDA news release)

• Bahasa Indonesia
• Eastern Europe
• Moscow Oblast

Elektrostal

Elektrostal Localisation : Country Russia , Oblast Moscow Oblast . Available Information : Geographical coordinates , Population, Area, Altitude, Weather and Hotel . Nearby cities and villages : Noginsk , Pavlovsky Posad and Staraya Kupavna .

Information

Find all the information of Elektrostal or click on the section of your choice in the left menu.

• Update data

Elektrostal Demography

Information on the people and the population of Elektrostal.

Elektrostal Geography

Geographic Information regarding City of Elektrostal .

Elektrostal Distance

Distance (in kilometers) between Elektrostal and the biggest cities of Russia.

Elektrostal Map

Locate simply the city of Elektrostal through the card, map and satellite image of the city.

Elektrostal Nearby cities and villages

Elektrostal weather.

Weather forecast for the next coming days and current time of Elektrostal.

Elektrostal Sunrise and sunset

Find below the times of sunrise and sunset calculated 7 days to Elektrostal.

Elektrostal Hotel

Our team has selected for you a list of hotel in Elektrostal classified by value for money. Book your hotel room at the best price.

Elektrostal Nearby

Below is a list of activities and point of interest in Elektrostal and its surroundings.

Elektrostal Page

• Information /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#info
• Demography /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#demo
• Geography /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#geo
• Distance /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#dist1
• Map /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#map
• Nearby cities and villages /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#dist2
• Weather /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#weather
• Sunrise and sunset /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#sun
• Hotel /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#hotel
• Nearby /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#around
• Page /Russian-Federation--Moscow-Oblast--Elektrostal#page
• Terms of Use
• Copyright © 2024 DB-City - All rights reserved
• Change Ad Consent Do not sell my data