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Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

On the Performance Enhancement of Beamspace MIMO and Non-orthogonal Multiple Access for Future Cellular Networks , Sinasi Cetinkaya

Enhancing Smart Grid Security and Reliability through Graph Signal Processing and Energy Data Analytics , Md Abul Hasnat

Fabric-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistor Towards Wearable pH Sensing Electronics , Nestor Osvaldo Marquez Rios

Novel Systems Engineering Framework Analysis of Photovoltaic Models and Equations , Peter R. Michael

Deep Learning Enhancement and Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning: A Data-Centric Approach , Hung S. Nguyen

Cyber-Physical Multi-Robot Systems in a Smart Factory: A Networked AI Agents Approach , Zixiang Nie

Multiple Access Techniques Enabling Diverse Wireless Services , Mehmet Mert Şahin

Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Optimization Techniques for Energy and Socioeconomic Systems , Salman Sadiq Shuvo

Process Automation and Robotics Engineering for Industrial Processing Systems , Drake Stimpson

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Stability and Interaction Analysis of Inverter-Based Resources in Power Grids , Li Bao

Healthcare IoT System and Network Design , Halil Ibrahim Deniz

Video Anomaly Detection: Practical Challenges for Learning Algorithms , Keval Doshi

Data-Driven State Estimation for Improved Wide Area Situational Awareness in Smart Grids , Md Jakir Hossain

Deep Learning and Feature Engineering for Human Activity Recognition: Exploiting Novel Rich Learning Representations and Sub-transfer Learning to Boost Practical Performance , Ria Kanjilal

Assistive Technologies for Independent Navigation for People with Blindness , Howard Kaplan

Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Higher Order Statistical Analysis of Electroencephalography Signals , Seyed Alireza Khoshnevis

Accelerating Multiparametric MRI for Adaptive Radiotherapy , Shraddha Pandey

A Model-Based Fault Diagnosis in Dynamic Systems via Asynchronous Motors System Identification or Testing, and Control Engineering Observers , Kenelt Pierre

Improving Wireless Networking from the Learning and Security Perspectives , Zhe Qu

Improving Robustness of Deep Learning Models and Privacy-Preserving Image Denoising , Hadi Zanddizari

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

A Method for Compact Representation of Heterogenous and Multivariate Time Series for Robust Classification and Visualization , Alla Abdella

Dynamical System and Parameter Identification for Power Systems , Abdullah Abdulrahman Alassaf

Phasor Domain Modeling of Type-III Wind Turbines , Mohammed Alqahtani

An Automated Framework for Connected Speech Evaluation of Neurodegenerative Disease: A Case Study in Parkinson's Disease , Sai Bharadwaj Appakaya

Investigation of CoO ATO for Solar Cells and Infrared Sheaths , Manopriya Devisetty Subramanyam

Thermal Management of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors , Sanskruta Dhotre

Effect of Se Composition in CdSe 1-X T eX /CdTe Solar Cells , Sheikh Tawsif Elahi

Microencapsulation of Thermochromic Materials for Thermal Storage and Energy Efficiency of Buildings , Abdullatif Hakami

Piezoelectrically-Transduced ZnO-on-Diamond Resonators with Enhanced Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Power-handling Capability for Sensing and Wireless Communication Applications , Xu Han

Preparation and Characterization of Single Layer Conducting Polymer Electrochromic and Touchchromic Devices , Sharan Kumar Indrakar

Security Attacks and Defenses in Cyber Systems: From an AI Perspective , Zhengping Luo

Power System Optimization Methods: Convex Relaxation and Benders Decomposition , Minyue Ma

Metal Oxide Sensor Array Test Bed Prototype for Diagnostic Breath Analysis , Tiffany C. Miller

Packaging of Active RF Beamforming IC Utilizing Additive Manufacturing , Ryan Murphy

Adaptive Network Slicing in Fog RAN for IoT with Heterogeneous Latency and Computing Requirements: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach , Almuthanna Nassar

Development of a Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation Device for Renal Denervation , Noel Perez

Copper Electrodeposition Assisted by Hydrogen Evolution for Wearable Electronics: Interconnections and Fiber Metallization , Sabrina M. Rosa Ortiz

Theory and Application of Dielectric Rod Antennas and Arrays , Gabriel Saffold

Advanced Organic Polymers for the Nanoscale Fabrication of Fiber-based Electronics Using the Electrospinning Technique , William Serrano Garcia

Transparent Planar Micro-Electrode Array for In-Vitro Electric Field Mediated Gene Delivery , Raj Himatlal Shah

High Speed Switching for Plasma Based Electroporation , Shivangi Sharma

Development of Small-Scale Power Supplies for Wearable Medical Diagnostic Devices , Donny Stiner

Novel Approach to Integrate CAN Based Vehicle Sensors with GPS Using Adaptive Filters to Improve Localization Precision in Connected Vehicles from a Systems Engineering Perspective , Abhijit Vasili

Modeling, Control and Analysis of Inverter-Based Generators in the Power Grids , Yangkun Xu

Fiber-Based Supercapacitor for Wearable Electronics , Rohit Lallansingh Yadav

Modeling, Identification, and Stability Analysis of Inverter-Based Resources Integrated Systems , Miao Zhang

Data-Oriented Approaches towards Mobile, Network and Secure Systems , Shangqing Zhao

Strategies in Botnet Detection and Privacy Preserving Machine Learning , Di Zhuang

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Architecture design and optimization of Edge-enabled Smart Grids , Adetola B. Adeniran

Multimodal Data Fusion and Attack Detection in Recommender Systems , Mehmet Aktukmak

Artificial Intelligence Towards the Wireless Channel Modeling Communications in 5G , Saud Mobark Aldossari

Enhancement of 5G Network Performance Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Faeik Tayseer Al Rabee

Investigation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Intrusion Detection System in Cybersecurity , Mohmmed Alrowaily

Comprehensive Optimization Models for Voltage Regulation in PV-rich Multi-phase Distribution Systems , Ibrahim Alsaleh

Design and Implementation of Solid/Solid Phononic Crystal Structures in Lateral Extensional Thin-film Piezoelectric on Silicon Micromechanical Resonators , Abdulrahman Alsolami

Analysis of Computational Modeling Methods as Applied to Single-Crystal Organohalide Perovskites , Jon M. Bebeau

Development of a Monolithic Implantable Neural Interface from Cubic Silicon Carbide and Evaluation of Its MRI Compatibility , Mohammad Beygi

Performance Enhancement Techniques for Next-Generation Multi-Service Communication and Medical Cyber-Physical Systems , Ali Fatih Demir

Microfluidically Reconfigurable Millimeter-Wave Switches, Antenna Arrays and Filters with Fast-Actuation Using Movable Metallized Plates and Integrated Actuation , Enrique J. Gonzalez Carvajal

Multilayered Transmission Lines, Antennas and Phased Arrays with Structurally Integrated Control Electronics Using Additive Manufacturing , Merve Kacar

Cost Efficient Algorithms and Methods for Spectral Efficiency in Future Radio Access , Murat Karabacak

Design of DeLRo Autonomous Delivery Robot and AI Based Localization , Tolga Karakurt

Theory, Fabrication, and Characterization of Perovskite Phototransistor , Fatemeh Khorramshahi

Modeling and Control of Renewable Energy in Grids and Microgrids , Yin Li

Next-Generation Self-Organizing Communications Networks: Synergistic Application of Machine Learning and User-Centric Technologies , Chetana V. Murudkar

Reliability Analysis of Power Grids and its Interdependent Infrastructures: An Interaction Graph-based Approach , Upama Nakarmi

Algorithms Enabling Communications in the Presence of Adjacent Channel Interference , Berker Peköz

Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane Based Glucose Sensor with Integration of Potentiostat Circuit , Kavyashree Puttananjegowda

Service Provisioning and Security Design in Software Defined Networks , Mohamed Rahouti

Reading and Programming Spintronic Devices for Biomimetic Applications and Fault-tolerant Memory Design , Kawsher Ahmed Roxy

Implementation of SR Flip-Flop Based PUF on FPGA for Hardware Security , Sai Praneeth Sagi

Trauma Detection Personal Locator Beacon System , Sakshi Sharma

Network Function Virtualization In Fog Networks , Nazli Siasi

Socially Aware Network User Mobility Analysis and Novel Approaches on Aerial Mobile Wireless Network Deployment , Ismail Uluturk

Spatial Stereo Sound Source Localization Optimization and CNN Based Source Feature Recognition , Cong Xu

Hybrid RF Acoustic Resonators and Arrays with Integrated Capacitive and Piezoelectric Transducers , Adnan Zaman

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Fabrication and Characterization of Electrical Energy Storage and Harvesting Energy Devices Using Gel Electrolytes , Belqasem Aljafari

Phasor Measurement Unit Data-Based Steady State and Dynamic Model Estimation , Anas Almunif

Cross Layer-based Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning for MANETs , Amar Amouri

Power Conditioning System on a Micro-Grid System , Tamoghna Banerjee

Thermal Response in a Field Oriented Controlled Three-phase Induction Motor , Niyem Mawenbe Bawana

Design and Development of a Wireless EEG System Integrated into a Football Helmet , Akshay V. Dunakhe

Machine Learning, Game Theory Algorithms, and Medium Access Protocols for 5G and Internet-of-Thing (IoT) Networks , Mohamed Elkourdi

Improving Stability by Enhancing Critical Fault Clearing Time , Ammara M. Ghani

RF Power Circuit Designs for Wi-Fi Applications , Krishna Manasa Gollapudi

Enhancing Secrecy and Capacity of Wireless Systems Using Directive Communications , Mohammed A. Hafez

Statistical Anomaly Detection and Mitigation of Cyber Attacks for Intelligent Transportation Systems , Ammar Haydari

Absorber and Window Study – CdSexTe1-x/CdTe Thin Film Solar Cells , Chih-An Hsu

Methods and Algorithms to Enhance the Security, Increase the Throughput, and Decrease the Synchronization Delay in 5G Networks , Asim Mazin

Piezoelectric ZnO Nanowires as a Tunable Interface Material for Opto-Electronic Applications , Anand Kumar Santhanakrishna

Security Framework for the Internet of Things Leveraging Network Telescopes and Machine Learning , Farooq Israr Ahmed Shaikh

Diversity and Network Coded 5G Wireless Network Infrastructure for Ultra-Reliable Communications , Nabeel Ibrahim Sulieman

The Design of Passive Networks with Full-Wave Component Models , Eric Valentino

CubeSat Constellation Design for Intersatellite Linking , Michael T. White

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Design of Micro-Scale Energy Harvesting Systems for Low Power Applications Using Enhanced Power Management System , Majdi M. Ababneh

A Study on the Adaptability of Immune System Principles to Wireless Sensor Network and IoT Security , Vishwa Alaparthy

Validation of Results of Smart Grid Protection through Self-Healing , Felipe Framil Assumpção

A Novel Framework to Determine Physiological Signals From Blood Flow Dynamics , Prashanth Chetlur Adithya

The Effect of Processing Conditions on the Energetic Diagram of CdTe Thin Films Studied by Photoluminescence , Shamara P. Collins

Physical Electronic Properties of Self-Assembled 2D and 3D Surface Mounted Metal-Organic Frameworks , Radwan Elzein

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How To Come Up With The Best Thesis Topics On Electronics Engineering

As you prepare to write your thesis in Electronics Engineering, your first job is to select the perfect topic. Your topic should show knowledge of your field, should show a grasp on new concepts, and should portray whom you are. Use our ideas as you look to select the perfect topic match for you!

Best Thesis Topics

• High Capacity Field Programmable Devices-the architect of them
• International framework-the packaging with in the various transactions
• Communications-how it is impacted by the field
• Software and the field-what is new and what is now obsolete
• Systems-how they work, what they are, and which are new to the field
• The optical components of any MEMS devices or equipment
• The medical, industrial, and commercial fields of EE
• Programming and the field
• The principles and the techniques of the program
• Circuits and how they work, have they have changed, how they can be weakened or compromised
• The PC and the field
• Careers in the field
• Masters of the field
• Wiring-and why it matters
• The manners of operation
• Simple PLD’s
• Complex PLD’s
• Field Programmable Gate Arrays
• Music and the field
• Problems with the field
• Software-what it is, why it matters, and how it is relative to the industry
• Schools and their EE systems
• Our US infrastructure and how easily it can be corrupted
• Homes and the industry
• Businesses and the industry
• Integrated circuits
• Alternating currents-what it is and why it matters-how has it changed
• Fun, games, and apps-how any of these things can relate to the field
• Mathematics and how it is used in the field-the new developments
• Limb replacement and EE
• Organ replacement and EE

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Electronics Research Paper Topics

This list of electronics research paper topics provides the list of 30 potential topics for research papers and an overview article on the history of electronics.

1. Applications of Superconductivity

The 1986 Applied Superconductivity Conference proclaimed, ‘‘Applied superconductivity has come of age.’’ The claim reflected only 25 years of development, but was justifiable due to significant worldwide interest and investment. For example, the 1976 annual budget for superconducting systems exceeded $30 million in the U.S., with similar efforts in Europe and Japan. By 1986 the technology had matured impressively into applications for the energy industry, the military, transportation, high-energy physics, electronics, and medicine. The announcement of high-temperature superconductivity just two months later brought about a new round of dramatic developments.

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Get 10% off with 24start discount code, 2. discovery of superconductivity.

As the twenty-first century began, an array of superconducting applications in high-speed electronics, medical imaging, levitated transportation, and electric power systems are either having, or will soon have, an impact on the daily life of millions. Surprisingly, at the beginning of the twentieth century, the discovery of superconductivity was completely unanticipated and unimagined.

In 1911, three years after liquefying helium, H. Kammerlingh Onnes of the University of Leiden discovered superconductivity while investigating the temperature-dependent resistance of metals below 4.2Kelvin. Later reporting on experiments conducted in 1911, he described the disappearance of the resistance of mercury, stating, ‘‘Within some hundredths of a degree came a sudden fall, not foreseen [by existing theories of resistance]. Mercury has passed into a new state, which . . . may be called the superconductive state.’’

3. Electric Motors

The main types of electric motors that drove twentieth century technology were developed toward the end of the nineteenth century, with direct current (DC) motors being introduced before alternating current (AC) ones. Most important initially was the ‘‘series’’ DC motor, used in electric trolleys and trains from the 1880s onward. The series motor exerts maximum torque on starting and then accelerates to its full running speed, the ideal characteristic for traction work. Where speed control independent of the load is required in such applications as crane and lift drives, the ‘‘shunt’’ DC motor is more suitable.

4. Electronic Calculators

The electronic calculator is usually inexpensive and pocket-sized, using solar cells for its power and having a gray liquid crystal display (LCD) to show the numbers. Depending on the sophistication, the calculator might simply perform the basic mathematical functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) or might include scientific functions (square, log, trig). For a slightly higher cost, the calculator will probably include programmable scientific and business functions. At the end of the twentieth century, the electronic calculator was as commonplace as a screwdriver and helped people deal with all types of mathematics on an everyday basis. Its birth and growth were early steps on the road to today’s world of computing.

5. Electronic Communications

The broad use of digital electronic message communications in most societies by the end of the 20th century can be attributed to a myriad of reasons. Diffusion was incremental and evolutionary. Digital communication technology was seeded by large-scale funding for military projects that broke technological ground, however social needs and use drove systems in unexpected ways and made it popular because these needs were embraced. Key technological developments happened long before diffusion into society, and it was only after popularity of the personal computer that global and widespread use became commonplace. The Internet was an important medium in this regard, however the popular uses of it were well established long before its success. Collaborative developments with open, mutually agreed standards were key factors in broader diffusion of the low-level transmission of digital data, and provided resistance to technological lock-in by any commercial player. By the twenty-first century, the concept of interpersonal electronic messaging was accepted as normal and taken for granted by millions around the world, where infrastructural and political freedoms permitted. As a result, traditional lines of information control and mass broadcasting were challenged, although it remains to be seen what, if any, long-term impact this will have on society.

6. Electronic Control Technology

The advancement of electrical engineering in the twentieth century made a fundamental change in control technology. New electronic devices including vacuum tubes (valves) and transistors were used to replace electromechanical elements in conventional controllers and to develop new types of controllers. In these practices, engineers discovered basic principles of control theory that could be further applied to design electronic control systems.

7. Fax Machine

Fax technology was especially useful for international commercial communication, which was traditionally the realm of the Telex machine, which only relayed Western alpha-numeric content. A fax machine could transmit a page of information regardless of what information it contained, and this led to rapid and widespread adoption in developing Asian countries during the 1980s. With the proliferation of the Internet and electronic e-mail in the last decade of the twentieth century, fax technology became less used for correspondence. At the close of the 20th century, the fax machine was still widely used internationally for the transmission of documents of all forms, with the ‘‘hard copy’’ aspect giving many a sense of permanence that other electronic communication lacked.

8. Hall Effect Devices

The ‘‘Hall effect,’’ discovered in 1879 by American physicist Edwin H. Hall, is the electrical potential produced when a magnetic field is perpendicular to a conductor or semiconductor that is carrying current. This potential is a product of the buildup of charges in that conductor. The magnetic field makes a transverse force on the charge carriers, resulting in the charge being moved to one of the sides of the conductor. Between the sides of the conductor, measurable voltage is yielded from the interaction and balancing of the polarized charge and the magnetic influence.

Hall effect devices are commonly used as magnetic field sensors, or alternatively if a known magnetic field is applied, the sensor can be used to measure the current in a conductor, without actually plugging into it (‘‘contactless potentiometers’’). Hall sensors can also be used as magnetically controlled switches, and as a contactless method of detecting rotation and position, sensing ferrous objects.

9. Infrared Detectors

Infrared detectors rely on the change of a physical characteristic to sense illumination by infrared radiation (i.e., radiation having a wavelength longer than that of visible light). The origins of such detectors lie in the nineteenth century, although their development, variety and applications exploded during the twentieth century. William Herschel (c. 1800) employed a thermometer to detect this ‘‘radiant heat’’; Macedonio Melloni, (c. 1850) invented the ‘‘thermochrose’’ to display spatial differences of irradiation as color patterns on a temperature-sensitive surface; and in 1882 William Abney found that photographic film could be sensitized to respond to wavelengths beyond the red end of the spectrum. Most infrared detectors, however, convert infrared radiation into an electrical signal via a variety of physical effects. Here, too, 19th century innovations continued in use well into the 21st century.

10. Integrated Circuits Design and Use

Integrated circuits (ICs) are electronic devices designed to integrate a large number of microscopic electronic components, normally connected by wires in circuits, within the same substrate material. According to the American engineer Jack S. Kilby, they are the realization of the so-called ‘‘monolithic idea’’: building an entire circuit out of silicon or germanium. ICs are made out of these materials because of their properties as semiconductors— materials that have a degree of electrical conductivity between that of a conductor such as metal and that of an insulator (having almost no conductivity at low temperatures). A piece of silicon containing one circuit is called a die or chip. Thus, ICs are known also as microchips. Advances in semiconductor technology in the 1960s (the miniaturization revolution) meant that the number of transistors on a single chip doubled every two years, and led to lowered microprocessor costs and the introduction of consumer products such as handheld calculators.

11. Integrated Circuits Fabrication

The fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) is a complicated process that consists primarily of the transfer of a circuit design onto a piece of silicon (the silicon wafer). Using a photolithographic technique, the areas of the silicon wafer to be imprinted with electric circuitry are covered with glass plates (photomasks), irradiated with ultraviolet light, and treated with chemicals in order to shape a circuit’s pattern. On the whole, IC manufacture consists of four main stages:

• Preparation of a design
• Preparation of photomasks and silicon wafers
• Testing and packaging

Preparing an IC design consists of drafting the circuit’s electronic functions within the silicon board. This process has radically changed over the years due to the increasing complexity of design and the number of electronic components contained within the same IC. For example, in 1971, the Intel 4004 microprocessor was designed by just three engineers, while in the 1990s the Intel Pentium was designed by a team of 100 engineers. Moreover, the early designs were produced with traditional drafting techniques, while from the late 1970s onward the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) techniques completely changed the design stage. Computers are used to check the design and simulate the operations of perspective ICs in order to optimize their performance. Thus, the IC drafted design can be modified up to 400 times before going into production.

12. Josephson Junction Devices

One of the most important implications of quantum physics is the existence of so-called tunneling phenomena in which elementary particles are able to cross an energy barrier on subatomic scales that it would not be possible for them to traverse were they subject to the laws of classical mechanics. In 1973 the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Brian Josephson, Ivan Giaever and Leo Esaki for their work in this field. Josephson’s contribution consisted of a number of important theoretical predictions made while a doctoral student at Cambridge University. His work was confirmed experimentally within a year of its publication in 1961, and practical applications were commercialized within ten years.

13. Laser Applications

Lasers are employed in virtually every sector of the modern world including industry, commerce, transportation, medicine, education, science, and in many consumer devices such as CD players and laser printers. The intensity of lasers makes them ideal cutting tools since their highly focused beam cuts more accurately than machined instruments and leaves surrounding materials unaffected. Surgeons, for example, have employed carbon dioxide or argon lasers in soft tissue surgery since the early 1970s. These lasers produce infrared wavelengths of energy that are absorbed by water. Water in tissues is rapidly heated and vaporized, resulting in disintegration of the tissue. Visible wavelengths (argon ion laser) coagulate tissue. Far-ultraviolet wavelengths (higher photon energy, as produced by excimer lasers) break down molecular bonds in target tissue and ‘‘ablate’’ tissue without heating. Excimer lasers have been used in corneal surgery since 1984. Short pulses only affect the surface area of interest and not deeper tissues. The extremely small size of the beam, coupled with optical fibers, enables today’s surgeons to conduct surgery deep inside the human body often without a single cut on the exterior. Blue lasers, developed in 1994 by Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Chemical Industries of Japan, promise even more precision than the dominant red lasers currently used and will further revolutionize surgical cutting techniques.

14. Laser Theory and Operation

Lasers (an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) provide intense, focused beams of light whose unique properties enable them to be employed in a wide range of applications in the modern world. The key idea underlying lasers originated with Albert Einstein who published a paper in 1916 on Planck’s distribution law, within which he described what happens when additional energy is introduced into an atom. Atoms have a heavy and positively charged nucleus surrounded by groups of extremely light and negatively charged electrons. Electrons orbit the atom in a series of ‘‘fixed’’ levels based upon the degree of electromagnetic attraction between each single electron and the nucleus. Various orbital levels also represent different energy levels. Normally electrons remain as close to the nucleus as their energy level permits, with the consequence that an atom’s overall energy level is minimized. Einstein realized that when energy is introduced to an atom; for example, through an atomic collision or through electrical stimulation, one or more electrons become excited and move to a higher energy level. This condition exists temporarily before the electron returns to its former energy level. When this decay phenomenon occurs, a photon of light is emitted. Einstein understood that since the energy transitions within the atom are always identical, the energy and the wavelength of the stimulated photon of light are also predictable; that is, a specific type of transition within an atom will yield a photon of light of a specific wavelength. Hendrick Kramers and Werner Heisenberg obtained a series of more extensive calculations of the effects of these stimulated emissions over the next decade. The first empirical evidence supporting these theoretical calculations occurred between 1926 and 1930 in a series of experiments involving electrical discharges in neon.

15. Lasers in Optoelectronics

Optoelectronics, the field combining optics and electronics, is dependent on semiconductor (diode) lasers for its existence. Mass use of semiconductor lasers has emerged with the advent of CD and DVD technologies, but it is the telecommunications sector that has primarily driven the development of lasers for optoelectronic systems. Lasers are used to transmit voice, data, or video signals down fiber-optic cables.

While the success of lasers within telecommunication systems seems unquestioned thanks to their utility in long-distance large-capacity, point-to-point links, these lasers also find use in many other applications and are ubiquitous in the developed world. Their small physical size, low power operation, ease of modulation (via simple input current variation) and small beam size mean that these lasers are now part of our everyday world, from CDs and DVDs, to supermarket checkouts and cosmetic medicine.

16. Light Emitting Diodes

Light emitting diodes, or LEDs, are semiconductor devices that emit monochromatic light once an electric current passes through it. The color of light emitted from LEDs depends not on the color of the bulb, but on the emission’s wavelength. Typically made of inorganic materials like gallium or silicon, LEDs have found frequent use as ‘‘pilot,’’ or indicator, lights for electronic devices. Unlike incandescent light bulbs, which generate light from ‘‘heat glow,’’ LEDs create light more efficiently and are generally more durable than traditional light sources.

17. Lighting Techniques

In 1900 electric lighting in the home was a rarity. Carbon filament incandescent lamps had been around for 20 years, but few households had electricity. Arc lamps were used in streets and large buildings such as railway stations. Domestic lighting was by candle, oil and gas.

The stages of the lightning techniques evolution are the following:

• Non-Electric Lighting
• Electric Lighting: Filament Lamps
• Electric Lighting: Discharge Lamps
• Electric Lighting: Fluorescent Lamps
• Electric Lighting: LED Lamps

18. Mechanical and Electromechanical Calculators

The widespread use of calculating devices in the twentieth century is intimately linked to the rise of large corporations and to the increasing role of mathematical calculation in science and engineering. In the business setting, calculators were used to efficiently process financial information. In science and engineering, calculators speeded up routine calculations. The manufacture and sale of calculators was a widespread industry, with major firms in most industrialized nations. However, the manufacture of mechanical calculators declined very rapidly in the 1970s with the introduction of electronic calculators, and firms either diversified into other product lines or went out of business. By the end of the twentieth century, slide rules, adding machines, and other mechanical calculators were no longer being manufactured.

19. Mobile (Cell) Telephones

In the last two decades of the twentieth century, mobile or cell phones developed from a minority communication tool, characterized by its prevalence in the 1980s among young professionals, to a pervasive cultural object. In many developed countries, more than three quarters of the population owned a cell phone by the end of the 20th century.

Cell phone technology is a highly evolved form of the personal radio systems used by truck drivers (citizens band, or CB, radio) and police forces in which receiver/transmitter units communicate with one another or a base antenna. Such systems work adequately over short distances with a low volume of traffic but cannot be expanded to cope with mass communication due to the limited space (bandwidth) available in the electromagnetic spectrum. Transmitting and receiving on one frequency, they allow for talking or listening but not both simultaneously.

For mobile radio systems to make the step up to effective telephony, a large number of two-way conversations needed to be accommodated, requiring a duplex channel (two separate frequencies, taking up double the bandwidth). In order to establish national mobile phone networks without limiting capacity or the range of travel of handsets, a number of technological improvements had to occur.

20. Photocopiers

The photocopier, copier, or copying machine, as it is variously known, is a staple of modern life. Copies by the billions are produced not only in the office but also on machines available to the public in libraries, copy shops, stationery stores, supermarkets, and a wide variety of other commercial facilities. Modern xerographic copiers, produced by a number of manufacturers, are available as desktop models suitable for the home as well as the small office. Many modern copiers reproduce in color as well as black and white, and office models can rival printing presses in speed of operation.

21. Photosensitive Detectors

Sensing radiation from ultraviolet to optical wavelengths and beyond is an important part of many devices. Whether analyzing the emission of radiation, chemical solutions, detecting lidar signals, fiber-optic communication systems, or imaging of medical ionizing radiation, detectors are the final link in any optoelectronic experiment or process.

Detectors fall into two groups: thermal detectors (where radiation is absorbed and the resulting temperature change is used to generate an electrical output) and photon (quantum) detectors. The operation of photon detectors is based on the photoelectric effect, in which the radiation is absorbed within a metal or semiconductor by direct interaction with electrons, which are excited to a higher energy level. Under the effect of an electric field these carriers move and produce a measurable electric current. The photon detectors show a selective wavelength-dependent response per unit incident radiation power.

22. Public and Private Lighting

At the turn of the 20th century, lighting was in a state of flux. In technical terms, a number of emerging lighting technologies jostled for economic dominance. In social terms, changing standards of illumination began to transform cities, the workplace, and the home. In design terms, the study of illumination as a science, as an engineering profession, and as an applied art was becoming firmly established. In the last decades of the 20th century, the technological and social choices in lighting attained considerable stability both technically and socially. Newer forms of compact fluorescent lighting, despite their greater efficiency, have not significantly replaced incandescent bulbs in homes owing to higher initial cost. Low-pressure sodium lamps, on the other hand, have been adopted increasingly for street and architectural lighting owing to lower replacement and maintenance costs. As with fluorescent lighting in the 1950s, recent lighting technologies have found niche markets rather than displacing incandescents, which have now been the dominant lighting system for well over a century.

23. Quantum Electronic Devices

Quantum theory, developed during the 1920s to explain the behavior of atoms and the absorption and emission of light, is thought to apply to every kind of physical system, from individual elementary particles to macroscopic systems such as lasers. In lasers, stimulated transitions between discrete or quantized energy levels is a quantum electronic phenomena (discussed in the entry Lasers, Theory and Operation). Stimulated transitions are also the central phenomena in atomic clocks. Semiconductor devices such as the transistor also rely on the arrangement of quantum energy levels into a valence band and a conduction band separated by an energy gap, but advanced quantum semiconductor devices were not possible until advances in fabrication techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) developed in the 1960s made it possible to grow extremely pure single crystal semiconductor structures one atomic layer at a time.

In most electronic devices and integrated circuits, quantum phenomena such as quantum tunneling and electron diffraction—where electrons behave not as particles but as waves—are of no significance, since the device is much larger than the wavelength of the electron (around 100 nanometers, where one nanometer is 109 meters or about 4 atoms wide). Since the early 1980s however, researchers have been aware that as the overall device size of field effect transistors decreased, small-scale quantum mechanical effects between components, plus the limitations of materials and fabrication techniques, would sooner or later inhibit further reduction in the size of conventional semiconductor transistors. Thus to produce devices on ever-smaller integrated circuits (down to 25 nanometers in length), conventional microelectronic devices would have to be replaced with new device concepts that take advantage of the quantum mechanical effects that dominate on the nanometer scale, rather than function in despite of them. Such solid state ‘‘nanoelectronics’’ offers the potential for increased speed and density of information processing, but mass fabrication on this small scale presented formidable challenges at the end of the 20th century.

24. Quartz Clocks and Watches

The wristwatch and the domestic clock were completely reinvented with all-new electronic components beginning about 1960. In the new electronic timepieces, a tiny sliver of vibrating quartz in an electrical circuit provides the time base and replaces the traditional mechanical oscillator, the swinging pendulum in the clock or the balance wheel in the watch. Instead of an unwinding spring or a falling weight, batteries power these quartz clocks and watches, and integrated circuits substitute for intricate mechanical gear trains.

25. Radio-Frequency Electronics

Radio was originally conceived as a means for interpersonal communications, either person-toperson, or person-to-people, using analog waveforms containing either Morse code or actual sound. The use of radio frequencies (RF) designed to carry digital data in the form of binary code rather than voice and to replace physical wired connections between devices began in the 1970s, but the technology was not commercialized until the 1990s through digital cellular phone networks known as personal communications services (PCS) and an emerging group of wireless data network technologies just reaching commercial viability. The first of these is a so-called wireless personal area network (WPAN) technology known as Bluetooth. There are also two wireless local area networks (WLANs), generally grouped under the name Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity): (1) Wi-Fi, also known by its Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) designation 802.11b, and (2) Wi-Fi5 (802.11a).

26. Rectifiers

Rectifiers are electronic devices that are used to control the flow of current. They do this by having conducting and nonconducting states that depend on the polarity of the applied voltage. A major function in electronics is the conversion from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) where the output is only one-half (either positive or negative) of the input. Rectifiers that are currently, or have been, in use include: point-contact diodes, plate rectifiers, thermionic diodes, and semiconductor diodes. There are various ways in which rectifiers may be classified in terms of the signals they encounter; this contribution will consider two extremes—high frequency and heavy current—that make significantly different demands on device design.

27. Strobe Flashes

Scarcely a dozen years after photography was announced to the world in 1839, William Henry Fox Talbot produced the first known flash photograph. Talbot, the new art’s co-inventor, fastened a printed paper onto a disk, set it spinning as fast as possible, and then discharged a spark to expose a glass plate negative. The words on the paper could be read on the photograph. Talbot believed that the potential for combining electric sparks and photography was unlimited. In 1852, he pronounced, ‘‘It is in our power to obtain the pictures of all moving objects, no matter in how rapid motion they may be, provided we have the means of sufficiently illuminating them with a sudden electric flash.’’

The electronic stroboscope fulfills Talbot’s prediction. It is a repeating, short-duration light source used primarily for visual observation and photography of high-speed phenomena. The intensity of the light emitted from strobes also makes them useful as signal lights on communication towers, airport runways, emergency vehicles, and more. Though ‘‘stroboscope’’ actually refers to a repeating flash and ‘‘electronic flash’’ denotes a single burst, both types are commonly called ‘‘strobes.’’

28. Transistors

Early experiments in transistor technology were based on the analogy between the semiconductor and the vacuum tube: the ability to both amplify and effectively switch an electrical signal on or off (rectification). By 1940, Russell Ohl at Bell Telephone Laboratories, among others, had found that impure silicon had both positive (ptype material with holes) and negative (n-type) regions. When a junction is created between n-type material and p-type material, electrons on the ntype side are attracted across the junction to fill holes in the other layer. In this way, the n-type semiconductor becomes positively charged and the p-type becomes negatively charged. Holes move in the opposite direction, thus reinforcing the voltage built up at the junction. The key point is that current flows from one side to the other when a positive voltage is applied to the layers (‘‘forward biased’’).

29. Travelling Wave Tubes

One of the most important devices for the amplification of radio-frequency (RF) signals— which range in frequency from 3 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz—is the traveling wave tube (TWT). When matched with its power supply unit, or electronic power conditioner (EPC), the combination is known as a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA). The amplification of RF signals is important in many aspects of science and technology, since the ability to increase the strength of a very low-power input signal is fundamental to all types of long-range communications, radar and electronic warfare.

30. Vacuum Tubes/Valves

The vacuum tube has its roots in the late nineteenth century when Thomas A. Edison conducted experiments with electric bulbs in 1883. Edison’s light bulbs consisted of a conducting filament mounted in a glass bulb. Passing electricity through the filament caused it to heat up and radiate light. A vacuum in the tube prevented the filament from burning up. Edison noted that electric current would flow from the bulb filament to a positively charged metal plate inside the tube. This phenomenon, the one-way flow of current, was called the Edison Effect. Edison himself could not explain the filament’s behavior. He felt this effect was interesting but unimportant and patented it as a matter of course. It was only fifteen years later that Joseph John Thomson, a physics professor at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in the U.K., discovered the electron and understood the significance of what was occurring in the tube. He identified the filament rays as a stream of particles, now called electrons. In a range of papers from 1901 to 1916, O.W. Richardson explained the electron behavior. Today the Edison Effect is known as thermionic emission.

History of Electronics

Few of the basic tasks that electronic technologies perform, such as communication, computation, amplification, or automatic control, are unique to electronics. Most were anticipated by the designers of mechanical or electromechanical technologies in earlier years. What distinguishes electronic communication, computation, and control is often linked to the instantaneous action of the devices, the delicacy of their actions compared to mechanical systems, their high reliability, or their tiny size.

The electronics systems introduced between the late nineteenth century and the end of the twentieth century can be roughly divided into the applications related to communications (including telegraphy, telephony, broadcasting, and remote detection) and the more recently developed fields involving digital information and computation. In recent years these two fields have tended to converge, but it is still useful to consider them separately for a discussion of their history.

The origins of electronics as distinguished from other electrical technologies can be traced to 1880 and the work of Thomas Edison. While investigating the phenomenon of the blackening of the inside surface of electric light bulbs, Edison built an experimental bulb that included a third, unused wire in addition to the two wires supporting the filament. When the lamp was operating, Edison detected a flow of electricity from the filament to the third wire, through the evacuated space in the bulb. He was unable to explain the phenomenon, and although he thought it would be useful in telegraphy, he failed to commercialize it. It went unexplained for about 20 years, until the advent of wireless telegraphic transmission by radio waves. John Ambrose Fleming, an experimenter in radio, not only explained the Edison effect but used it to detect radio waves. Fleming’s ‘‘valve’’ as he called it, acted like a one-way valve for electric waves, and could be used in a circuit to convert radio waves to electric pulses so that that incoming Morse code signals could be heard through a sounder or earphone.

As in the case of the Fleming valve, many early electronic devices were used first in the field of communications, mainly to enhance existing forms of technology. Initially, for example, telephony (1870s) and radio (1890s) were accomplished using ordinary electrical and electromechanical circuits, but eventually both were transformed through the use of electronic devices. Many inventors in the late nineteenth century sought a functional telephone ‘‘relay’’; that is, something to refresh a degraded telephone signal to allow long distance telephony. Several people simultaneously recognized the possibility of developing a relay based on the Fleming valve. The American inventor Lee de Forest was one of the first to announce an electronic amplifier using a modified Fleming valve, which he called the Audion. While he initially saw it as a detector and amplifier of radio waves, its successful commercialization occurred first in the telephone industry. The sound quality and long-distance capability of telephony was enhanced and extended after the introduction of the first electronic amplifier circuits in 1907. In the U.S., where vast geographic distances separated the population, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) introduced improved vacuum tube amplifiers in 1913, which were later used to establish the first coast-to-coast telephone service in 1915 (an overland distance of nearly 5000 kilometers).

These vacuum tubes soon saw many other uses, such as a public-address systems constructed as early as 1920, and radio transmitters and receivers. The convergence of telephony and radio in the form of voice broadcasting was technically possible before the advent of electronics, but its application was greatly enhanced through the use of electronics both in the radio transmitter and in the receiver.

World War I saw the applications of electronics diversify somewhat to include military applications. Mostly, these were modifications of existing telegraph, telephone, and radio systems, but applications such as ground-to-air radio telephony were novel. The pressing need for large numbers of electronic components, especially vacuum tubes suitable for military use, stimulated changes in their design and manufacture and contributed to improving quality and falling prices. After the war, the expanded capacity of the vacuum tube industry contributed to a boom in low-cost consumer radio receivers. Yet because of the withdrawal of the military stimulus and the onset of the Great Depression, the pace of change slowed in the 1930s. One notable exception was in the field of television. Radio broadcasting became such a phenomenal commercial success that engineers and businessmen were envisioning how ‘‘pictures with sound’’ would replace ordinary broadcasting, even in the early 1930s. Germany, Great Britain, and the U.S. all had rudimentary television systems in place by 1939, although World War II would bring nearly a complete halt to these early TV broadcasts.

World War II saw another period of rapid change, this one much more dramatic than that of World War I. Not only were radio communications systems again greatly improved, but for the first time the field of electronics engineering came to encompass much more than communication. While it was the atomic bomb that is most commonly cited as the major technological outcome of World War II, radar should probably be called the weapon that won the war. To describe radar as a weapon is somewhat inaccurate, but there is no doubt that it had profound effects upon the way that naval, aerial, and ground combat was conducted. Using radio waves as a sort of searchlight, radar could act as an artificial eye capable of seeing through clouds or fog, over the horizon, or in the dark. Furthermore, it substituted for existing methods of calculating the distance and speed of targets. Radar’s success hinged on the development of new electronic components, particularly new kinds of vacuum tubes such as the klystron and magnetron, which were oriented toward the generation of microwaves. Subsidized by military agencies on both sides of the Atlantic (as well as Japan) during World War II, radar sets were eventually installed in aircraft and ships, used in ground stations, and even built into artillery shells. The remarkable engineering effort that was launched to make radar systems smaller, more energy efficient, and more reliable would mark the beginning of an international research program in electronics miniaturization that continues today. Radar technology also had many unexpected applications elsewhere, such as the use of microwave beams as a substitute for long-distance telephone cables. Microwave communication is also used extensively today for satellite-to-earth communication.

The second major outcome of electronics research during World War II was the effort to build an electronic computer. Mechanical adders and calculators were widely used in science, business, and government by the early twentieth century, and had reached an advanced state of design. Yet the problems peculiar to wartime, especially the rapid calculation of mountains of ballistics data, drove engineers to look for ways to speed up the machines. At the same time, some sought a calculator that could be reprogrammed as computational needs changed. While computers played a role in the war, it was not until the postwar period that they came into their own. In addition, computer research during World War II contributed little to the development of vacuum tubes, although in later years computer research would drive certain areas of semiconductor electron device research.

While the forces of the free market are not to be discounted, the role of the military in electronics development during World War II was of paramount importance. More-or-less continuous military support for research in electronic devices and systems persisted during the second half of the twentieth century too, and many more new technologies emerged from this effort. The sustained effort to develop more compact, rugged devices such as those demanded by military systems would converge with computer development during the 1950s, especially after the invention of the transistor in late 1947.

The transistor was not a product of the war, and in fact its development started in the 1930s and was delayed by the war effort. A transistor is simply a very small substitute for a vacuum tube, but beyond that it is an almost entirely new sort of device. At the time of its invention, its energy efficiency, reliability, and diminutive size suggested new possibilities for electronic systems. The most famous of these possibilities was related to computers and systems derived from or related to computers, such as robotics or industrial automation. The impetus for the transistor was a desire within the telephone industry to create an energy-efficient, reliable substitute for the vacuum tube. Once introduced, the military pressed hard to accelerate its development, as the need emerged for improved electronic navigational devices for aircraft and missiles.

There were many unanticipated results of the substitution of transistors for vacuum tubes. Because they were so energy efficient, transistors made it much more practical to design battery powered systems. The small transistor radio (known in some countries simply as ‘‘the transistor’’), introduced in the 1950s, is credited with helping to popularize rock and roll music. It is also worth noting that many developing countries could not easily provide broadcasting services until the diffusion of battery operated transistor receivers because of the lack of central station electric power. The use of the transistor also allowed designers to enhance existing automotive radios and tape players, contributing eventually to a greatly expanded culture of in-car listening. There were other important outcomes as well; transistor manufacture provided access to the global electronics market for Asian radio manufacturers, who improved manufacturing methods to undercut their U.S. competitors during the 1950s and 1960s. Further, the transistor’s high reliability nearly eliminated the profession of television and radio repair, which had supported tens of thousands of technicians in the U.S. alone before about 1980.

However, for all its remarkable features, the transistor also had its limitations; while it was an essential part of nearly every cutting-edge technology of the postwar period, it was easily outperformed by the older technology of vacuum tubes in some areas. The high-power microwave transmitting devices in communications satellites and spacecraft, for example, nearly all relied on special vacuum tubes through the end of the twentieth century, because of the physical limitations of semiconductor devices. For the most part, however, the transistor made the vacuum tube obsolete by about 1960.

The attention paid to the transistor in the 1950s and 1960s made the phrase ‘‘solid-state’’ familiar to the general public, and the new device spawned many new companies. However, its overall impact pales in comparison to its successor—the integrated circuit. Integrated circuits emerged in the late 1950s, were immediately adopted by the military for small computer and communications systems, and were then used in civilian computers and related applications from the 1960s. Integrated circuits consist of multiple transistors fabricated simultaneously from layers of semiconductor and other materials. The transistors, interconnecting ‘‘wires,’’ and many of the necessary circuit elements such as capacitors and resistors are fabricated on the ‘‘chip.’’ Such a circuit eliminates much of the laborious process of assembling an electronic system such as a computer by hand, and results in a much smaller product. The ability to miniaturize components through integrated circuit fabrication techniques would lead to circuits so vanishingly small that it became difficult to connect them to the systems of which they were a part. The plastic housings or ‘‘packages’’ containing today’s microprocessor chips measure just a few centimeters on a side, and yet the actual circuits inside are much smaller. Some of the most complex chips made today contain many millions of transistors, plus millions more solid-state resistors and other passive components.

While used extensively in military and aerospace applications, the integrated circuit became famous as a component in computer systems. The logic and memory circuits of digital computers, which have been the focus of much research, consist mainly of switching devices. Computers were first constructed in the 1930s with electromechanical relays as switching devices, then with vacuum tubes, transistors, and finally integrated circuits. Most early computers used off-the-shelf tubes and transistors, but with the advent of the integrated circuit, designers began to call for components designed especially for computers. It was clear to engineers at the time that all the circuits necessary to build a computer could be placed on one chip (or a small set of chips), and in fact, the desire to create a ‘‘computer on a chip’’ led to the microprocessor, introduced around 1970. The commercial impetus underlying later generations of computer chip design was not simply miniaturization (although there are important exceptions) or energy efficiency, but also the speed of operation, reliability, and lower cost. However, the inherent energy efficiency and small size of the resulting systems did enable the construction of smaller computers, and the incorporation of programmable controllers (special purpose computers) into a wide variety of other technologies. The recent merging of the computer (or computer-like systems) with so many other technologies makes it difficult to summarize the current status of digital electronic systems. As the twentieth century drew to a close, computer chips were widely in use in communications and entertainment devices, in industrial robots, in automobiles, in household appliances, in telephone calling cards, in traffic signals, and in a myriad other places. The rapid evolution of the computer during the last 50 years of the twentieth century was reflected by the near-meaninglessness of its name, which no longer adequately described its functions.

From an engineering perspective, not only did electronics begin to inhabit, in an almost symbiotic fashion, other technological systems after about 1950, but these electronics systems were increasingly dominated by the use of semiconductor technology. After virtually supplanting the vacuum tube in the 1950s, the semiconductor-based transistor became the technology of choice for most subsequent electronics development projects. Yet semiconducting alloys and compounds proved remarkably versatile in applications at first unrelated to transistors and chips. The laser, for example, was originally operated in a large vacuum chamber and depended on ionized gas for its operation. By the 1960s, laser research was focused on the remarkable ability of certain semiconducting materials to accomplish the same task as the ion chamber version. Today semiconductor devices are used not only as the basis of amplifiers and switches, but also for sensing light, heat, and pressure, for emitting light (as in lasers or video displays), for generating electricity (as in solar cells), and even for mechanical motion (as in micromechanical systems or MEMS).

However, semiconductor devices in ‘‘discrete’’ forms such as transistors, would probably not have had the remarkable impact of the integrated circuit. By the 1970s, when the manufacturing techniques for integrated circuits allowed high volume production, low cost, tiny size, relatively small energy needs, and enormous complexity; electronics entered a new phase of its history, having a chief characteristic of allowing electronic systems to be retrofitted into existing technologies. Low-cost microprocessors, for example, which were available from the late 1970s onward, were used to sense data from their environment, measure it, and use it to control various technological systems from coffee machines to video tape recorders. Even the human body is increasingly invaded by electronics; at the end of the twentieth century, several researchers announced the first microchips for implantation directly in the body. They were to be used to store information for retrieval by external sensors or to help deliver subcutaneous drugs. The integrated circuit has thus become part of innumerable technological and biological systems.

It is this remarkable flexibility of application that enabled designers of electronic systems to make electronics the defining technology of the late twentieth century, eclipsing both the mechanical technologies associated with the industrial revolution and the electrical and information technologies of the so-called second industrial revolution. While many in the post-World War II era once referred to an ‘‘atomic age,’’ it was in fact an era in which daily life was increasingly dominated by electronics.

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Home > Engineering > ECE > Electrical & Computer Engineering Masters Theses Collection

Electrical & Computer Engineering Masters Theses Collection

Theses from 2024 2024.

Extracting DNN Architectures Via Runtime Profiling On Mobile GPUs , Dong Hyub Kim, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Semantic-Aware Blockchain Architecture Design for Lifelong Edge-enabled Metaverse , Ning Wang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Blockchain Design for a Secure Pharmaceutical Supply Chain , Zhe Xu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Collaborative Caching and Computation Offloading for Intelligent Transportation Systems enabled by Satellite-Airborne-Terrestrial Networks , Shulun Yang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Protecting Return Address Integrity for RISC-V via Pointer Authentication , yuhe zhao, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2023 2023

Fingerprinting for Chiplet Architectures Using Power Distribution Network Transients , Matthew G. Burke, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Design and Fabrication of a Trapped Ion Quantum Computing Testbed , Christopher A. Caron, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Analog Cancellation of a Known Remote Interference: Hardware Realization and Analysis , James M. Doty, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Electrothermal Properties of 2D Materials in Device Applications , Samantha L. Klein, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Ablation Study on Deeplabv3+ for Semantic Segmentation , Bowen Lei, Electrical & Computer Engineering

A Composability-Based Transformer Pruning Framework , Yuping Lin, Electrical & Computer Engineering

A Model Extraction Attack on Deep Neural Networks Running on GPUs , Jonah G. O'Brien Weiss, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Heterogeneous IoT Network Architecture Design for Age of Information Minimization , Xiaohao Xia, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2022 2022

Theory and Analysis of Backprojection Processing for Interferometric SAR , Marc Closa Tarres, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Unpaired Skeleton-to-Photo Translation for Sketch-to-Photo Synthesis , Yuanzhe Gu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Integration of Digital Signal Processing Block in SymbiFlow FPGA Toolchain for Artix-7 Devices , Andrew T. Hartnett, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Planar Ultra-Wideband Modular Antenna (PUMA) Arrays for High-Volume Manufacturing on Organic Laminates and BGA Interfaces , James R. LaCroix, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Planar Transmission-Line Metamaterials on an Irregular Grid , Tina E. Maurer, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Formally Verifiable Synthesis Flow In FPGAs , Anurag V. Muttur, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2021 2021

Graph-Algorithm Based Verification on Network Configuration Robustness , Zibin Chen, Electrical & Computer Engineering

A Cloud Infrastructure for Large Scale Health Monitoring in Older Adult Care Facilities , Uchechukwu Gabriel David, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Internet Infrastructures for Large Scale Emulation with Efficient HW/SW Co-design , Aiden K. Gula, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Mtemp: An Ambient Temperature Estimation Method Using Acoustic Signal on Mobile Devices , Hao Guo, Electrical & Computer Engineering

BENCHMARKING SMALL-DATASET STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY-RELATIONSHIP MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF WNT SIGNALING INHIBITION , Mahtab Kokabi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

ACTION : Adaptive Cache Block Migration in Distributed Cache Architectures , Chandra Sekhar Mummidi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Modeling and Characterization of Optical Metasurfaces , Mahsa Torfeh, Electrical & Computer Engineering

TickNet: A Lightweight Deep Classifier for Tick Recognition , Li Wang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Lecture Video Transformation through An Intelligent Analysis and Post-processing System , Xi Wang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Correcting For Terrain Interference, Attenuation, and System Bias for a Dual Polarimetric, X-Band Radar , Casey Wolsieffer, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2020 2020

Numerical Simulation of Thermoelectric Transport in Bulk and Nanostructured SiSn Alloys , Venkatakrishna Dusetty, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Deep Reinforcement Learning For Distributed Fog Network Probing , Xiaoding Guan, Electrical & Computer Engineering

COMPRESSIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION VIA APPROXIMATE MESSAGE PASSING , Shermin Hamzehei, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Metric Learning via Linear Embeddings for Human Motion Recognition , ByoungDoo Kong, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Compound Effects of Clock and Voltage Based Power Side-Channel Countermeasures , Jacqueline Lagasse, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Network Virtualization and Emulation using Docker, OpenvSwitch and Mininet-based Link Emulation , Narendra Prabhu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Thermal Transport Modeling Of Semiconductor Materials From First Principles , Aliya Qureshi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

CROSSTALK BASED SIDE CHANNEL ATTACKS IN FPGAs , Chethan Ramesh, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Accelerating RSA Public Key Cryptography via Hardware Acceleration , Pavithra Ramesh, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Real-Time TDDFT-Based Filtered Spectroscopy , Ivan Williams, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Perception System: Object and Landmark Detection for Visually Impaired Users , Chenguang Zhang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2019 2019

An Empirical Analysis of Network Traffic: Device Profiling and Classification , Mythili Vishalini Anbazhagan, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Pre-Travel Training And Real-Time Guidance System For People With Disabilities In Indoor Environments , Binru Cao, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Energy Efficiency of Computation in All-spin Logic: Projections and Fundamental Limits , Zongya Chen, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Improving Resilience of Communication in Information Dissemination for Time-Critical Applications , Rajvardhan Somraj Deshmukh, Electrical & Computer Engineering

InSAR Simulations for SWOT and Dual Frequency Processing for Topographic Measurements , Gerard Masalias Huguet, Electrical & Computer Engineering

A Study on Controlling Power Supply Ramp-Up Time in SRAM PUFs , Harshavardhan Ramanna, Electrical & Computer Engineering

The UMass Experimental X-Band Radar (UMAXX): An Upgrade of the CASA MA-1 to Support Cross-Polarization Measurements , Jezabel Vilardell Sanchez, Electrical & Computer Engineering

A Video-Based System for Emergency Preparedness and Recovery , Juechen Yin, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2018 2018

Phonon Transport at Boundaries and Interfaces in Two-Dimensional Materials , Cameron Foss, Electrical & Computer Engineering

SkinnySensor: Enabling Battery-Less Wearable Sensors Via Intrabody Power Transfer , Neev Kiran, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Immersive Pre-travel Training Application for Seniors and People with Disabilities , Yang Li, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Analog Computing using 1T1R Crossbar Arrays , Yunning Li, Electrical & Computer Engineering

On-Chip Communication and Security in FPGAs , Shivukumar Basanagouda Patil, Electrical & Computer Engineering

CROWDSOURCING BASED MICRO NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED , Quan Shi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

AN EVALUATION OF SDN AND NFV SUPPORT FOR PARALLEL, ALTERNATIVE PROTOCOL STACK OPERATIONS IN FUTURE INTERNETS , Bhushan Suresh, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Applications Of Physical Unclonable Functions on ASICS and FPGAs , Mohammad Usmani, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Improvements to the UMASS S-Band FM-CW Vertical Wind Profiling Radar: System Performance and Data Analysis. , Joseph Waldinger, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2017 2017

AutoPlug: An Automated Metadata Service for Smart Outlets , Lurdh Pradeep Reddy Ambati, Electrical & Computer Engineering

SkyNet: Memristor-based 3D IC for Artificial Neural Networks , Sachin Bhat, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Navigation Instruction Validation Tool and Indoor Wayfinding Training System for People with Disabilities , Linlin Ding, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Energy Efficient Loop Unrolling for Low-Cost FPGAs , Naveen Kumar Dumpala, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Effective Denial of Service Attack on Congestion Aware Adaptive Network on Chip , Vijaya Deepak Kadirvel, Electrical & Computer Engineering

VIRTUALIZATION OF CLOSED-LOOP SENSOR NETWORKS , Priyanka Dattatri Kedalagudde, Electrical & Computer Engineering

The Impact of Quantum Size Effects on Thermoelectric Performance in Semiconductor Nanostructures , Adithya Kommini, Electrical & Computer Engineering

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC APPROXIMATE COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR BAYESIAN INFERENCE , Sourabh Kulkarni, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Time Domain SAR Processing with GPUs for Airborne Platforms , Dustin Lagoy, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Query on Knowledge Graphs with Hierarchical Relationships , Kaihua Liu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

HIGH PERFORMANCE SILVER DIFFUSIVE MEMRISTORS FOR FUTURE COMPUTING , Rivu Midya, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Achieving Perfect Location Privacy in Wireless Devices Using Anonymization , Zarrin Montazeri, Electrical & Computer Engineering

KaSI: a Ka-band and S-band Cross-track Interferometer , Gerard Ruiz Carregal, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Analyzing Spark Performance on Spot Instances , Jiannan Tian, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Indoor Navigation For The Blind And Visually Impaired: Validation And Training Methodology Using Virtual Reality , Sili Wang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Efficient Scaling of a Web Proxy Cluster , Hao Zhang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

ORACLE GUIDED INCREMENTAL SAT SOLVING TO REVERSE ENGINEER CAMOUFLAGED CIRCUITS , Xiangyu Zhang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2016 2016

Seamless Application Delivery Using Software Defined Exchanges , Divyashri Bhat, Electrical & Computer Engineering

PROCESSOR TEMPERATURE AND RELIABILITY ESTIMATION USING ACTIVITY COUNTERS , Mayank Chhablani, Electrical & Computer Engineering

PARQ: A MEMORY-EFFICIENT APPROACH FOR QUERY-LEVEL PARALLELISM , Qianqian Gao, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Accelerated Iterative Algorithms with Asynchronous Accumulative Updates on a Heterogeneous Cluster , Sandesh Gubbi Virupaksha, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Improving Efficiency of Thermoelectric Devices Made of Si-Ge, Si-Sn, Ge-Sn, and Si-Ge-Sn Binary and Ternary Alloys , Seyedeh Nazanin Khatami, Electrical & Computer Engineering

6:1 PUMA Arrays: Designs and Finite Array Effects , Michael Lee, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Protecting Controllers against Denial-of-Service Attacks in Software-Defined Networks , Jingrui Li, Electrical & Computer Engineering

INFRASTRUCTURE-FREE SECURE PAIRING OF MOBILE DEVICES , Chunqiu Liu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Extrinsic Effects on Heat and Electron Transport In Two-Dimensional Van-Der Waals Materials- A Boltzmann Transport Study , Arnab K. Majee, Electrical & Computer Engineering

SpotLight: An Information Service for the Cloud , Xue Ouyang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Localization, Visualization And Evacuation Guidance System In Emergency Situations , Jingyan Tang, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Variation Aware Placement for Efficient Key Generation using Physically Unclonable Functions in Reconfigurable Systems , Shrikant S. Vyas, Electrical & Computer Engineering

EVALUATING FEATURES FOR BROAD SPECIES BASED CLASSIFICATION OF BIRD OBSERVATIONS USING DUAL-POLARIZED DOPPLER WEATHER RADAR , Sheila Werth, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Theses from 2015 2015

Quality Factor of Horizontal Wire Dipole Antennas near Planar Conductor or Dielectric Interface , Adebayo Gabriel Adeyemi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Evaluation of Two-Dimensional Codes for Digital Information Security in Physical Documents , Shuai Chen, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Design and Implementation of a High Performance Network Processor with Dynamic Workload Management , Padmaja Duggisetty, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Wavelet-Based Non-Homogeneous Hidden Markov Chain Model For Hyperspectral Signature Classification , Siwei Feng, Electrical & Computer Engineering

DEVELOPMENT OF INFRARED AND TERAHERTZ BOLOMETERS BASED ON PALLADIUM AND CARBON NANOTUBES USING ROLL TO ROLL PROCESS , Amulya Gullapalli, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Development of Prototypes of a Portable Road Weather Information System , Meha Kainth, Electrical & Computer Engineering

ADACORE: Achieving Energy Efficiency via Adaptive Core Morphing at Runtime , Nithesh Kurella, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Architecting SkyBridge-CMOS , Mingyu Li, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Function Verification of Combinational Arithmetic Circuits , Duo Liu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

ENERGY EFFICIENCY EXPLORATION OF COARSE-GRAIN RECONFIGURABLE ARCHITECTURE WITH EMERGING NONVOLATILE MEMORY , Xiaobin Liu, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Development of a Layout-Level Hardware Obfuscation Tool to Counter Reverse Engineering , Shweta Malik, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Energy Agile Cluster Communication , Muhammad Zain Mustafa, Electrical & Computer Engineering

Architecting NP-Dynamic Skybridge , Jiajun Shi, Electrical & Computer Engineering

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering Theses

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This collection is made up of doctoral and master theses by research, which have been received in accordance with university regulations.

For more information, please visit the UCD Library Theses Information guide .

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• Publication RF Amplification and Filtering Techniques for Cellular Receivers ( University College Dublin. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2021 ) Bozorg, Amir   The usage of various wireless standards, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPS, and 4G/5G cellular, has been continually increasing. In order to utilize the frequency bands efficiently and to support new communication standards with lower power consumption, lower occupied volume and at reduced costs, multimode transceivers, software defined radios (SDRs), cognitive radios, etc., have been actively investigated. Broadband behavior of a wireless receiver is typically defined by its front-end low-noise amplifier (LNA), whose design must consider trade-offs between input matching, noise figure (NF), gain, bandwidth, linearity, and voltage headroom in a given process technology. Moreover, monolithic RF wireless receivers have been trending toward high intermediatefrequency (IF) or superhetrodyne radios thanks to recent breakthroughs in silicon integration of band-pass channel-select filters. The main motivation is to avoid the common issues in the currently predominant zero/low-IF receivers, such as poor 2nd-order nonlinearity, sensitivity to 1/f (i.e. flicker) noise and time-variant dc offsets, especially in the fine CMOS technology. To avoid interferers and blockers at the susceptible image frequencies that the high-IF entails, band-pass filters (BPF) with high quality (Q) factor components for sharp transfer-function transition characteristics are now required. In addition, integrated low-pass filters (LPF) with strong rejection of out-of-band frequency components are essential building blocks in a variety of applications, such as telecommunications, video signal processing, anti-aliasing filtering, etc. Attention is drawn toward structures featuring low noise, small area, high in-/out-of-band linearity performance, and low-power consumption. This thesis comprises three main parts. In the first part (Chapters 2 and 3), we focus on the design and implementation of several innovative wideband low-noise (transconductance) amplifiers [LN(T)A] for wireless cellular applications. In the first design, we introduce new approaches to reduce the noise figure of the noise-cancellation LNAs without sacrificing the power consumption budget, which leads to NF of 2 dB without adding extra power consumption. The proposed LNAs also have the capability to be used in current-mode receivers, especially in discrete-time receivers, as in the form of low noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA). In the second design, two different two-fold noise cancellation approaches are proposed, which not only improve the noise performance of the design, but also achieve high linearity (IIP3=+4.25 dBm). The proposed LN(T)As are implemented in TSMC 28-nm LP CMOS technology to prove that they are suitable for applications such as sub-6 GHz 5G receivers. The second objective of this dissertation research is to invent a novel method of band-pass filtering, which leads to achieving very sharp and selective band-pass filtering with high linearity and low input referred (IRN) noise (Chapter 4). This technique improves the noise and linearity performance without adding extra clock phases. Hence, the duty cycle of the clock phases stays constant, despite the sophisticated improvements. Moreover, due to its sharp filtering, it can filter out high blockers of near channels and can increase the receiver’s blocker tolerance. With the same total capacitor size and clock duty cycle as in a 1st-order complex charge-sharing band-pass filter (CS BPF), the proposed design achieves 20 dB better out-of-band filtering compared to the prior-art 1st-order CS BPF and 10 dB better out-of-band filtering compared to the conventional 2nd-order C-CS BPF. Finally, the stop-band rejection of the discrete-time infinite-impulse response (IIR) lowpass filter is improved by applying a novel technique to enhance the anti-aliasing filtering (Chapter 5). The aim is to introduce a 4th-order charge rotating (CR) discrete-time (DT) LPF, which achieves the record of stop-band rejection of 120 dB by using a novel pseudolinear interpolation technique while keeping the sampling frequency and the capacitor values constant.   82
• Publication Frequency Control of Virtual Power Plants ( University College Dublin. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2022 ) Zhong, Weilin   ; 0000-0001-6737-4873 The Virtual Power Plant (VPP) concept refers to the aggregation of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) such as solar and wind power plants, Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), flexible loads, and communication networks, all coordinated to operate as a single generating unit. Using as starting point a comprehensive literature review of the VPP concept and its frequency regulation technologies, the thesis proposes a variety of frequency control and state estimation approaches of VPPs, as follows. First, the thesis studies the impact of coordinated frequency control of VPPs on power system transients, in which ESSs are utilized to provide fast frequency regulation. The thesis also proposes a simple yet effective coordinated control of DERs and ESSs able to integrate the total active power output of the DERs, and, thus, to improve the overall power system dynamic performance. The impact of topology on the primary frequency regulation of VPPs is also investigated. With this regard, two types of VPPs topologies are considered, that is, a topology where the DERs that compose the VPP are scattered all-over the transmission grid; and a topology where the DERs are all connected to the same distribution system that is connected to the rest of the transmission grid through a single bus. Next, the thesis proposes a control scheme to improve the dynamic response of power systems through the automatic regulators of converter-based DERs. In this scheme, both active and reactive power control of DERs are varied to regulate both frequency and voltage, as opposed to current practice where frequency and voltage controllers are decoupled. To properly compare the proposed control with conventional schemes, the thesis also defines a metric that captures the combined effect of frequency/voltage response at any given bus of the network. Finally, the thesis presents an on-line estimation method to track the equivalent, time-varying inertia as well as the fast frequency control droop gain provided by VPPs. The proposed method relies on the estimation of the rate of change of the active and reactive power at the point of connection of the VPP with the rest of the grid. It provides, as a byproduct, an estimation of the VPP’s internal equivalent reactance based on the voltage and reactive power variations at the point of connection. Throughout the thesis, the proposed techniques are duly validated through time domain simulations and Monte Carlo simulations, based on real-world network models that include stochastic processes as well as communication delays.   138
• Publication Low-Complexity Digital Predistortion for 5G Massive MIMO and Handset Transmitters ( University College Dublin. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2022 ) Wang, Xiaoyu   The demand for new wireless communication systems to support high mobility and low latency necessitates a rethink of the architecture of wireless communication systems as well as the design of their key components. This thesis presents several novel techniques to solve the major challenges in digital predistortion (DPD) for millimeter wave multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and handset transmitters to lower the hardware cost and computational complexity of the fifth generation (5G) communication systems. The first part of the thesis focuses on the architecture of the MIMO DPD solution for 5G transmitters. To extract DPD model coefficients, a feedback data acquisition path is required. In conventional single-input single-output (SISO) systems, the output is usually acquired directly from the power amplifier (PA) with a coupler. In massive MIMO systems, the number of RF chains is large. Using dedicated feedback paths for each PA separately is not feasible. To lower the hardware cost, a novel data acquisition scheme is proposed to obtain the output signals in far field over the air (OTA) using a single antenna and feedback loop, and then reconstruct the output of each PA. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed OTA data acquisition can accurately reconstruct the output of each PA in the MIMO systems and the DPD solutions derived from the reconstructed data can successfully linearize the nonlinear MIMO transmitters. In the multi-user scenario, the nonlinearity of the transmitters varies with the movement of user equipments (UEs), and the DPD model coefficients need to be updated accordingly. To meet the requirement of high mobility, the complexity of the system update must be low. In the second part of the thesis, we present a new DPD system, where DPD model can be updated fast and accurately without capturing PA output or applying costly model extraction algorithms. In the proposed method, nonlinear characteristics of the PA are encoded into low-dimensional PA features using feature extraction algorithms. To identify DPD model coefficients, PA features are extracted first and the DPD model coefficients are then generated directly by DPD generator with PA features. Experimental results show that the proposed DPD solution can linearize PA with very low complexity compared to that using the conventional solutions. Finally, the focus shifts to handset transmitters. Conventionally, DPD is usually deployed for high power base stations. With the continuously increasing bandwidth, DPD may also be required for handset PAs in 5G communication systems. Different from the models used for base stations, DPD model for handset PAs must have very low complexity because of the stringent power budget limit. At the same time, the tolerance for load mismatch must also be considered. The third part of the thesis analyzes the characteristics of handset PAs with load mismatch and introduces a low-complexity DPD model based on magnitude-selective affine (MSA) function. Experimental results demonstrate that the extended MSA (EMSA) model shows better linearization performance while keeping much lower complexity than the conventional DPD models.   9
• Publication Circularly Polarized Antennas for 5G Millimetre-Wave Communications ( University College Dublin. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2022 ) Sadeghi-Marasht, Samaneh   The need of a higher data rate, lower latency, and cost efficiency led to the fifth-generation (5G) emerging as a new communication standard. This generation includes many unused frequencies with high available bandwidth channels that can provide higher capacities such as millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands. One of the main challenges of working at high frequencies of this generation is path loss that needs to be addressed. To overcome this issue, a high gain antenna with a small size is required. Consequently, the first major question arises: how to effectively increase the gain and efficiency of the antenna at a high frequency with a small size. Importantly, it is vital to transport as much as data is possible without any sensitivity to the alignment of the transmitter or receiver antenna that can be satisfied by using circularly polarized (CP) radiating waves. Thus, the second research question emerges: how to provide high gain small size antenna with CP at high frequencies. To address the first two major research questions in this thesis we designed a miniature dual-band CP antenna that works at 28 GHz and 38 GHz with high gain. This antenna can be implemented in mobile devices, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and base stations (BSs) because of the small sizes of 11 × 14 × 0.508 mm3. For getting a deep insight into the structure and the design procedures of the dual-band antenna, characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is employed. Note that the CMA is not sensitive to the feeding position and the material in this analysis is not lossy. Therefore, after using CMA, the optimization is conducted in the full-wave simulation as the feeding is added to the structure, and the material is lossy. The single CP antenna covered the bands of 27-28.4 GHz and 34.7-40 GHz, with a maximum gain of 6.3 dBiC and 5.51 dBiC at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively, whereas the radiation efficiency is 94% and 96% with the ARBW of 2.5% and 1.5%. A phased antenna array is then constructed to provide a higher gain for this designed dual-band antenna. In a phased antenna array we consider four designed single element antennas close to each other to create a 2 × 2 antenna array with high gain at 28 GHz and 38 GHz. For a 4 × 4 antenna array, an electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) is used to reduce the mutual coupling between elements in the array. The radiating signals will be sent to different users with circular polarization via electronic beamforming. The position of each antenna element is also optimized to provide the constructive radiating wave towards our desired directions. The array was able to steer the beam between -26.5 to 29.5 degrees for the lower band and -29.5 to 35.5 degrees for the higher band with the maximum gain of 12.8 dBiC and 11.5 dBiC, respectively. Another method to enhance the gain is implementing a lens structure in front of the radiating antenna. Here, a significant challenge is to maintain the CP of the incoming CP wave while the gain is increased. Therefore, the third research question is how to design a lens with the capability of enhancing the gain and keeping the CP when the lens is fed by a CP antenna source. Concerning the third major research question, in this thesis, we designed a CP lens structure. First, a multi-layer lens with a thickness of 2.03 mm was designed, and then a one-layer lens structure with a thickness of just 0.508 mm was made. The lens was located in front of different radiating antennas. These lens structures resulted in significant gain enhancement for various feeding antennas working at 28 GHz. The unit cell of the one-layer lens can provide a broad phase shift compared to the multi-layer counterpart. The proposed lens structures not only increased the gain of the incoming CP wave but also kept its polarization to overcome the issues of reflectivity, absorption, inclement weather, and mis   16
• Publication Contributions to the theory and development of low-jitter bang-bang integrated frequency synthesizers ( University College Dublin. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2022 ) Avallone, Luca   The advent of next-generation wireless standards demands ever-increasing data-rate communication systems. It mainly involves a higher carrier frequency to take advantage of wider bandwidth channels and more complex modulation schemes to pack more information into each symbol. In this context, the bottleneck is represented by the frequency synthesizer used to generate the local oscillator signal for the transceiver, which has to operate under stringent low output jitter requirements. Such performance must be provided at low power dissipation and area consumption in order to meet the requirements of low-cost and high integration level of the modern communication systems. The digital phase locked loop architecture can meet the required jitter performance while synthesizing fractional-N frequencies. Such PLLs offer significant advantages over their traditional analog counterpart in terms of area occupation, flexibility and scalability in advanced deep sub-µm CMOS technologies. The digital PLL topology based on a bang-bang phase detector, denoted bang-bang PLL, which is a single bit digital phase detector, leads to a less complex and more power-efficient architecture, but, on the other hand, it also introduces a hard nonlinearity in the loop, making the analysis of the bang-bang topology more challenging than in the multi-bit case. A comprehensive phase noise analysis of bang-bang digital PLLs is presented which overcomes the limitations of previous models and it is valid in all cases where physical noise sources (i.e. reference and DCO) are dominant with respect to quantization errors. In particular, (i) input-referred jitter is estimated by means of a linear time-domain analysis derived from a nonlinear DPLL model, and (ii) phase noise spectra are predicted using a discrete-time domain model that accounts for time-variant effects that arise from the intrinsic multirate nature of the DPLL. The possibility of accurately determining the DPLL jitter and phase noise spectra, enabled by the novel analysis presented in this thesis, is key to significantly speeding up the design-space exploration phase, since it allows one to perform quick and precise parametric sweeps. However, even when designed properly, bang-bang PLLs are affected by the unavoidable bang-bang phase detector quantization noise, which is added on top of the intrinsic reference and DCO phase noise. The quantization noise can be appreciated in the PLL's output spectrum as increased in band noise with respect to the analog counterpart, that, in fact, still achieves superior performance in terms of jitter-power. This results in worse integrated jitter performance for the same intrinsic levels of reference and oscillator phase noise. To overcome the binary phase detector quantization noise in DPLLs, state-of-the-art works rely on a multi-bit time-to-digital converter to digitize the PLL phase error with a physical resolution below the input jitter, leading to increased design complexity, with an associated area and power penalty. In order to overcome the ultimate limit of the bang-bang PLL, a digital PLL based on a bang-bang phase detector with adaptively optimized noise shaping has been fabricated in a 28nm CMOS process. The prototype occupies a core area of 0.21 mm2 and draws 10.8 mW power from a 0.9 V supply. The integrated jitter is 69.52 fs and 80.72 fs for the integer-N and the fractional-N case, respectively. Achieving a jitter-power figure-of-merit of -251.5 dB in fractional-N mode, the proposed system effectively bridges the gap to analog implementations. The first chapter of this work is introductory, and is intended to give some background information needed to underpin the remaining part of the thesis. The following chapters, 2, 3 and 4, collect the results achieved during the PhD activity, and each of them is associated with a publication. In the last chapter, conclusions are drawn and the open points are discussed in order to be considered for future work.   203
• 1 (current)

Engineering Dissertation Topics

A dissertation (or a final year project report) is a comprehensive technical report of the research work carried out. A dissertation must present some new, original concepts that lead to further research. The core area of a dissertation consists of a hypothesis (or a research question) upon which an investigation is conducted and, in most cases, inevitably leads to further research. A dissertation must be focused, concise and must address the research topics at every level. Also, along with research, a dissertation is expected to present complete evidence of research work in the form of research methods. Sometimes it’s hard to even know where to start. Herein, many engineering research areas, currently being sought after in the industry and academia, are suggested, including electronics, sensors technology, environmental engineering, supply chain engineering, computer science engineering, electrical engineering and civil engineering, to help you start your research.

• Electronics and Communication Dissertation Topics

Sensors Technology Dissertation Topics

Environmental engineering dissertation topics, supply chain engineering dissertation topics, supply chain management dissertation topics, computer science engineering dissertation topics, electrical engineering dissertation topics, civil engineering dissertation topics, management related engineering dissertation topics, electronics and communications dissertation topics.

Over the past decade the rise of electronic communication has been revolutionised; it is the fastest growing technology. There are numerous areas of research in this field; however, the most demanding ones are highlighted below.

• Defining the boundaries of electrical signals for current electronics (communication) systems.
• The limitation of fibre optic communication systems and the possibility of further improving their efficiency.
• Developing the embedded communication system for the national grid to optimise energy usage.
• Improvement of inter-symbol interference in optical communications.
• A study of the various forms of errors and the development of an equalisation technique to reduce the error rates in data.
• Gaussian pulse analysis and the improvement of this pulse to reduce errors.
• Realising the potential of RFID in the improvement of supply chain.
• Radiation in integrated circuits and electronic devices.
• Design of high speed communication circuits that effectively cut down signal noise.
• Spectral sensing research for water monitoring applications and frontier science and technology for chemical, biological and radiological defence.
• Nano-structured membranes for preparative purifications of biopharmaceuticals.

The rise of smart technology has been revolutionising sensor technologies, and there is a high demand to make more efficient and compact sensors. The following topics are a few areas that researchers are currently working in to realise further potentials.

• Design and development of a pressure sensor for a solar thermal panel.
• An investigation into wind speed and direction sensors to optimise the operations of wind turbines.
• Utilising MEMS for profiling airflow around large building structures.
• Development of micro sensors to measure oil flow rate in tanks.
• Development and implementation of micro sensors to study pressure of the blood stream.
• Development of sensors to measure heat generated from solar panels.
• Sensing and controlling the intensity of light in LEDs.
• Research and computational simulation of a natural olfactory biosensor.
• Development of glucose biosensors using nanotechnology.

We are living in the age of technology where the driving force is to reduce the environmental impact of engineering products. Many countries have been undertaking projects supporting the environment and aiming to reduce carbon emissions. The following engineering dissertation topics are of utmost interest for researchers in the industry.

• Analysing the impact of aviation industry on the environment and the potential ways to reduce it.
• The environmental cost of the so called green energy, ‘wind energy’.
• An analysis of factors that hinder the realising of cutting-edge technology for reducing carbon emissions from automobiles.
• Design and development of a system for measuring the carbon index of an energy intensive company.
• Process improvement techniques to identify and remove waste in the automotive industry.
• Process mapping techniques to identify bottle necks for supply chain industry.
• A study of compressor operations on a forging site and mapping operations to identify and remove energy waste.
• Improving processes to reduce kWh usage and reduce inefficiencies.
• Developing a compact device to measure energy use for a household.
• In the forging industry how can changing burners within furnaces help organisations achieve energy efficiency?
• How can gas consumption be reduced and efficiency introduced to reduce kWh usage?
• How can voltage reduction devices help organisations achieve efficiency in electricity usage?
• What are carbon credits and how can organisations generate them?
• There are some organisations that use water excessively, with bills totalling more than £25,000. Identify the main reasons for such water usage and investigate better ways to introduce water efficiency and create savings.
• Identify the ways by which efficient control systems using information systems can be introduced to study the energy usage in a machining factory.
• A project to set up ways to measure natural gas flow ultrasonically and identify waste areas.
• How can water conductivity probes help determine water quality and how can water be reused?

Supply chain plays an important role in the manufacturing business sector. It is important that the supply chain is well supported by efficient methods and processes. Your engineering dissertation topics could be about:

• Highlighting the difference between the supply chain engineering and management for a company to improve output.
• Analysing the key factors in process planning and optimisation of supply chain for a manufacturing company.
• Developing a supply chain template for a small but thriving online business.
• How can organisations achieve success by reducing bottlenecks in supply chain?
• Just-in-time – is it really valid? Measurement of losses within just-in-time process implementation.
• How can process efficiency be introduced to reduce waste within the manufacturing process?
• Supplier relationship is an important factor for the success of just-in-time. How can organisations ensure successful transactions?
• Research to identify efficient logistics operations within a supply chain.
• Research to introduce efficiency within information systems and support timely transfer of knowledge and information.
• The effect of globalisation on supply chain engineering/management for large multi-national companies.
• Research studying the impact of culture on supply chain industries: identification of factors that generate inefficiencies with the supply chain.

Supply chain management involves the administration, management, control and supervision of the movement of goods and services from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer and to the end consumer. Supply chain management involves coordinating and integrating these elements using an effective and efficient approach and methodology. Supply chain management is important for businesses to ensure there is minimum waste, drive innovation thereby creating integrated value chains. Supply chain management plays an important and central role in the success of a business. Please find a list of topics on supply chain management that may be useful for your engineering dissertation:

• A detailed investigation into the need and use of dynamic staff to determine and rectify supply chain problems with a specific focus on the construction industry.
• Research into eco-friendly and sustainable practices in supply chain management.
• Research to develop a learning organisation and its impact on supply chain management.
• Research to measure and develop intellectual capital within the supply chain industry.
• A detailed study of innovative forecasting and demand planning strategies for supply chain management
• Research study to create measurements to study the impact of learning organisation on performance measurement in supply chain industry
• Impact of training on knowledge performance index within supply chain industry.
• The behaviour of Carbon index with the implementation of a learning organisation.
• Developing a framework for supply chain management in densely populated urban cities
• Detailed investigation and analysis taking into account supply chain and logistical strategies for perishable goods.
• The influence and impact of emerging e-commerce technologies on supply chain management.

Computer science engineering focuses on the key elements of computer programming and networking with a focus on gaining knowledge of the design, implementation and management of information systems. Information systems play a major role in computer science engineering and an integral component to the successful operations of organisations. The management of information technology systems is a major element for organisations. The following could be used for an engineering dissertation as well as a computing dissertation:

• How can organisations ensure that information system is effectively used to maintain process efficiency?
• How can learning organisations influence the development of information systems?
• The role of risk management in information technology systems of organisations.
• Research to identify and reduce e-waste using information technology strategies and systems.
• Current status and research on E-waste in the United Kingdom
• Development of measurement systems to measure e-waste.
• A detailed review of the role of information technology in improving productivity and transforming organisations.
• An investigation into the use of information technology as a tool for sustained competitive advantage.
• A high-level investigation and detailed review into best practices for the implementation of information technology in modern day organisations.

Electrical engineering is focused on the design, development, testing, supervision and the manufacturing of electrical equipment. Electrical engineers design the electrical systems of automobiles, aircrafts, power generation equipment, communications systems, radar and navigational systems. The design and development of these electrical components are key and central to modern day life. There are several topics within this area that you could research for your electrical engineering dissertation:

• Development of a system to study the efficiency of motors in order to reduce kWh usage
• Setting up of a control system to monitor the process usage of compressors.
• Develop a scheme to normalise compressor output to kWh.
• Research to investigate, develop and introduce schemes to ensure efficient energy consumption by electrical machines.
• Research to study transformer losses and reduce energy loss.
• Research to study metering techniques to control and improve efficiency.
• Research to introduce smart metering concepts to ensure efficient use of electricity.
• Integration of smart metering pulsed outputs with wireless area networks and access real-time data.
• Developing effective strategies and methodical systems for pay as you go charging for electric vehicles
• A detailed review and investigation into the key issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
• Trends and challenges in electric vehicles technologies
• Smart charging of electric vehicles on the motorway

The main emphasis of civil engineering in recent times is focused on sustainable development of quality, durable structures that deliver value for money, maximise the benefits from innovation and meets the specifications of the end users. Construction of sustainable houses has been a top priority within civil engineering. The following research topics are being actively undertaken and may be a good area for you to base your research on your own engineering dissertation:

• Development of sustainable homes making use of renewable energy sources.
• The use of sustainable materials for construction: design and delivery methods.
• The role of environmental assessment tools in sustainable construction
• The use of warm mix asphalt in road construction
• Research to study properties of concrete to achieve sustainability.
• Development of waste reduction strategy to achieve sustainable concepts
• High-level review of the barriers and drivers for sustainable buildings in developing countries
• Research to study the impact of sustainability concepts on organisational growth and development.
• Sustainable technologies for the building construction industry
• Building Information Modelling in the construction industry
• Research regarding micromechanics of granular materials.
• Research to study and develop water treatment processes.
• Research to set up remote sensing applications to assist in the development of sustainable construction techniques.
• High-level strategies, best practice guidelines and methodologies for sustainable construction.
• State of the art practice for recycling in the construction industry.
• Key factors and risk factors associated with the construction of high rise buildings.
• An investigation into health and safety in the construction industry.

Engineering management is the application of the practice of management to the practice of engineering. Engineering management integrates problem-solving, engineering, technological developments and advancements in organizational structure, administrative, and planning abilities of management in order to oversee the operational performance of complex engineering driven enterprises. These two topics go hand in hand and support each other quite well. It is important that both sides are well balanced. The following research topics could be useful for your engineering dissertation:

• Steps to conduct management of change to ensure smooth process improvement.
• Research to sustainably manage a project team.
• Research to study the management of engineering projects and various risks involved with them.
• Research to identify process improvement plans to support business strategies.
• Efficient supply chain management to ensure and develop key motivational skills within staff members.
• How leadership can help efficiency within a learning organisation.
• Developing an integrated approach to strategic management in organisations.
• Creating and sustaining competitive advantage in engineering organisations.
• Developing frameworks for sustainable assessments taking into account eco-engineering measures.
• The role of engineers in managing development in emerging countries.

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Theses

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• Item No Preview Available A Multifunctional Smart Field-Programmable Radio Frequency Surface Li, Tianzhi ( 2023-04 ) Wireless communication technology has completely transformed the way we communicate and access information. It operates on the principles of electromagnetic wave propagation, as described by Maxwell's equations. The scope of wireless communication is vast and includes satellite communication, handheld device communication, and Internet of Things (IoT), which have revolutionized fields of industry, healthcare, transportation, education, and entertainment. As demand for faster and more reliable communication continues to grow, a range of wireless communication standards has been developed, including WiFi, BLE, cellular networks, near-field communication (NFC), and ZigBee, each operating at a unique frequency range. Antennas that can operate across multiple communication standards have remained a challenge due to the interdependent factors of antenna geometry, size, and RF characteristics. As the number of devices with wireless connectivity increases dramatically, the spectrum resource is getting limited, which results in congestion and reduced performance. Reconfigurable antennas have been intensively studied in the last few decades to mitigate this challenge. Although reconfigurability in operating frequency, radiation pattern and polarization have been implemented, limitations including lack of programmability, pattern diversity, and self-adaptive capability against environmental interference exist. To address these limitations, we proposed a new concept called Field-programmable RF surface (FPRFS), which allows for the control of current flow on the surface to achieve desired antenna characteristics and impedance matching capabilities. This work starts with the theoretical analysis and creates the mathematical model for the FPRFS in antenna, impedance matching network, and filter applications. Our research demonstrated the reconfigurability of FPRFS antennas in operating frequency, radiation pattern, and polarization reconfigurability with radiation gain and efficiency levels that are comparable to those of conventional fixed patch antennas and enhanced immunity to surrounding obstacles. We developed a software algorithm for the FPRFS that enables it to automatically optimize its configuration in real-time, thereby adapting to changing load impedance or environmental interferences.

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Research topics in electronics and electrical engineering

Electronics and electrical engineering are the studies of harnessing electricity and the electromagnetic spectrum to enhance the lives of human beings. It is exciting and futuristic to think about significant technological advancements and electronic technology breakthroughs like smart grid systems, electronic vehicles, sustainable power consumption, wireless wearables, robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), AR (Augmented Reality), VR (Virtual Reality), and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Advanced developments in technology for electronics research and development contribute to the efficient use of energy for our daily needs. PhD Assistance may assist you in selecting the latest topic for study in electronics and electrical engineering.

Here are some of the topic research topics in electronics and electrical engineering.

Electrical engineering topics include the following:

• Study on the use of a modified PNN classifier with SMO optimization techniques for diagnosing the severity of skin cancer conditions
• A study on battery integrated multiple input DC-DC boost converter
• A study on the impact of Evaluation of compact fluorescent lights in a 50 Hz electrical network
• A Systematic Evaluation of deep neural network-based dynamic modelling method for AC power electronic systems:
• A Review of 2D van der Waals Devices Using Electronic Modulation of Semimetallic Electrode
• A Study on frequency stability of hybrid industrial microgrids using optimal fractional sliding mode
• Review on Latent Features of Neural Network Design for Power Electronic Systems Using Impedance Modelling
• Understanding Effective Power Electronics Using Circuit Simulation
• First-principles calculations of phosphorus-doped SnO2 transparent conducting oxide: Structural, electronic, and electrical properties
• Adaptive position control of a brush-based DC motor
• Implementation of an A-Source DC–DC Boost Combination Phase-Shifting Full-Bridge Converter for Electric Car Rapid Charging Applications
• PM machines with high power and high speed.
• Series connected super-capacitor and li-ion capacitor cells: active voltage equalisation.
• Design choice in the direct drive in-wheel motors.
• Reluctance Motors.
• Nanoelectronics.
• Atomic layer interface engineering.
• Using photovoltaics, graphene, and silicon carbide.
• Piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics.
• Studying behaviour thru computational modelling.
• Computation research in new technologies, materials.
• Power electronics tools and equipment.
• Electrical motors and their redesigning.
• Energy networks and their mathematical foundations.
• Computer-aided design for electrical engineering.
• Smart grid monitoring.
• Soft magnetic composites.
• Electric vehicle motors and gearbox.
• Distributed generation systems: loss detection of grid events via pattern identification.
• Challenges of autonomous power systems.
• Extra-functionality devices: advanced technology modelling.
• Switched reluctance motors.
• Electric vehicles and health monitoring of power semiconductor modules.
• Cost Functions for Efficient Electrics Vehicle Drive Systems.
• Wind Turbine Generators: 3D temperature mapping.
• DFIG Machines: improving energy efficiencies.
• Power electronics.
• Drives and controls.
• Power systems and energy storage.
• Hybrid electric aerospace.
• Renewable energy.
• Advanced propulsion science.
• Designing compressor motors.
• Motor design for aerospace—fault tolerant.
• Wind turbine energy technologies.
• Diagnosing green growth in India.
• HPVPS stages (high power virtual systems).
• Top speed motors and their topologies.
• Low cost effective trains.
• Low-cost virtual systems.

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• Electronics Projects

Electronics Thesis Topics or Ideas

Published on Aug 21, 2023

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List of topics.

SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG - IJECE) - is a journal that publishes articles that contribute new novel experimentation and theoretical work in all electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high-quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Electronics and Communication.

• Hybrid Renewable Energy and Energy Saving
• Controllers, Drives and Machine Design
• Fuzzy and Hybrid Optimization
• Artificial Immune System
• Conditional Monitoring and Instrumentation
• Circuits and Devices
• Communication and Information Processing
• Electrical Engineering Communications
• Electromagnetic and Microwave
• Measurement and Testing
• Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
• Optics and Optoelectronics
• Devices and Systems
• Semiconductors
• Systems and Control Engineering
• Power Engineering
• Power Transmission
• Transmission Lines etc.

Any other topics relevant to latest trends in Electronics and Communication Engineering.

Electronics Engineering Projects

What is electronics engineering.

Electronics engineering is the engineering domain that deals with design and development of electricity powered applications. An electronics engineer makes use of microcontrollers, electronics components with printed circuit boards to develop electronics systems and devices.

#TrendingElectronicsProjects

All Electronics Projects

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• Arduino Covid Disinfection Box
• Arduino Based System To Measure Solar Power
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• Smart Room Temperature Controller Atmega
• Ultrasonic Radar Project
• IOT Irrigation Monitoring & Controller System
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• Automatic Noise Level Monitor & Controller System
• Induction Motor Controller and Protection System
• IOT Covid Patient Health Monitor in Quarantine
• Smart Wireless Battery Charging With Charge Monitor Project
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• IOT Car Parking System
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• IOT Weather Reporting System using Adruino and Ras Pi
• Lifi Data Transfer System
• Ultrasonic Glasses For the Blind
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• Industrial Production Line Counter System
• Pocket Piano Using 555 Timer IC
• Arduino Powered MP3 Player
• Portable PM10 PM2.5 Pollution Analyzer
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• Arduino Stepper Motor Controller
• Industrial Production Target Counter Display System
• Stop and Go Queue Entry Manager System
• Digital Car Turning and Braking Indicator
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• Contactless Switch For 4 Load Switching
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• Earthquake Monitor and Alerting System
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• Barcode Scanner & Display using Arduino
• Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage
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• Wireless Master Joystick Controller for Robotics
• Automatic Coil Winding Machine
• Waterproof Action Camera Drone
• IOT Water Pollution Monitor RC Boat
• Voice Controlled Air Purifier
• Automatic Hydroponic Plant Grow Pot
• Video Calling/Recording Smartphone Stand
• Solar Power Bank with Wireless Charging
• Gesture Control Bluetooth Speaker
• Rain Sensing Hands Free Umbrella Bag
• LIDAR Micro Done With Proximity Sensing
• Contactless IOT Doorbell
• RC Underwater Exploration Drone
• Android Powered Juice Vending Machine
• IOT Smart Parking Using RFID
• IOT Syringe Infusion Pump
• Programmable Robotic Arm Using Arduino
• IOT Virtual Doctor Robot
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• IOT Weather Station Airship
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• Arduino Multi Player Air Hockey Table
• Indoor Racing Drone with Action Camera
• DIY Tricopter Selfie Drone
• Automatic Wire Cutter And Stripper Machine
• 360° Aerial Surveillance UAV With IOT Camera
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• Solar Outdoor Air Purifier & Air Quality Monitor
• Fire Extinguisher & Fire Fighting Drone
• IOT Garbage Segregator & Bin Level Indicator
• Fog Disinfection Handwash Machine To Save Water
• IOT Temperature & Mask Scan Entry System
• Semi Automatic Back Massager Machine
• Indoor Farming Hydroponic Plant Grow Chamber
• Portable PPE Kit Sterilizer Ozone + UV
• Thermal Screening Drone
• IOT Contactless Covid Testing Booth Automation
• Floating Sun Tracker Hydraulic Solar Panel
• AI Bartender Cocktail Maker Machine
• IOT Dog Daycare Robot
• IOT Social Distancing & Monitoring Robot For Queue
• Dual Mount Auto Sanitizer Dispenser
• Auto Indoor Hydroponic Fodder Grow Chamber
• Autonomous Theft Proof Delivery Robot For Food & Ecommerce
• Social Distancing & Mask Monitor Drone
• DIY Oxygen Concentrator Generator For Covid 19
• DIY Ventilator using Arduino For Covid Pandemic
• Auto Temperature Detector for Entrance For Covid Safety
• Waste and Garbage Recycling Vending Machine Project
• Raspberry Pi Based Vehicle Starter on Face Detection
• Gas Leakage Detection with Buzzer System using Atmega
• Water Pollution Monitoring RC Boat
• Multi-purpose Sea Surveillance + Search & Rescue RC Boat
• Zigbee based Wireless Home Security System
• Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling Drone
• Automatic Waste Segregation System
• Arduino based Snake Robot Controlled using Android Application
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• Auto Selection of any Available Phase in 3 Phase Supply System
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• Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System using IOT Project
• IOT Based Coal Mine Safety Monitoring and Alerting System
• Advanced Automatic Self-Car Parking using Arduino Project
• IOT Based Heart Monitoring System Using ECG
• Smart Stand-up wheelchair using Raspberry Pi & RF
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• Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with Weather Sensor
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• Raspberry Pi Vehicle Anti-Theft Face Recognition System
• Home Air Quality Monitoring System Project
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• Raspberry Pi based Weather Reporting Over IOT
• IOT Based Monitoring System for Comatose Patients
• Motion Controlled Pick & Place Obstacle Avoider Robot
• IOT Early Flood Detection & Avoidance
• IOT Prison Break Monitoring & Alerting System
• Plant Soil Moisture & Ph Sensing Alarm Using 8051
• Smart Crop Protection System From Animals PIC
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• RFID Based Smart Master Card For Bus Train Metro Ticketing
• Induction Motor Speed & Direction Controller
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• Solar Peizo Hybrid Power Charging System
• Zigbee Based Room Temperature Controller Project
• Load Sensing Seats With Lights Fan Control
• Secure Fingerprint Bank Locker With Image Capture
• Accurate Room Temperature Controller Project
• High Performance Hovercraft With Power Turning
• Smart Solar Grass Cutter With Lawn Coverage
• PC Based Home Automation
• Advanced Military Spying & Bomb Disposal Robot
• Human Speed Detection Project
• Hovercraft Controlled By Android
• Fully Automated Solar Grass Cutter
• Machine Overheat Detection With Alert
• Rf Controlled Spy Robot With Night Vision Camera
• GSM based Industry Protection System
• Automated Visitor Counter With 7 Segment Display
• Vehicle Theft Detection/Notification With Remote Engine Locking
• Android Controlled Automobile
• Home Automation Using Android
• Zigbee Based Secure Wireless Communication Using AES
• Voice Controlled Robotic Vehicle
• Automated Elevator With Overload Alert
• Gsm Based Weather Reporting (Temperature/Light/Humidity)
• Fingerprint Authenticated Device Switcher
• Fingerprint Based Exam Hall Authentication
• Rain Sensing Automatic Car Wiper
• Wireless Red Signal Alerting For Trains

Need Help Finding a Topic?

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You are sure to find your electronics project after going through our ECE categories and domains including IOT, Sensor based electronics, power electronics, robotics, microcontrollers, mechatronics, GSM/GPS, Wireless communication and more.

Home > USC Columbia > Engineering and Computing, College of > Electrical Engineering > Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Analysis, Measurement, and Modeling of Millimeter Wave Channels for Aviation Applications , Zeenat Afroze

Physics-Based and Behavioral Models for Fuel Cells , Charles Chima Anyim

Novel Structures and Thin Film Techniques for Reconfigurable RF Technologies With Improved Signal Integrity , Jinqun Ge

Suitability of Quantized DEVS-LIM Methods for Simulation of Power Systems , Navid Gholizadeh

Quantized State Simulation of Electrical Power Systems , Joseph Micah Hood

Optimization of Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials for Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (HFETs) , Mohi Uddin Jewel

Deep Learning Based Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis for Bearing , Guangxing Niu

High-Performance Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Power Modules Enabled by Advanced Two-Phase Mini-Channel Cooling , Bo Tian

Magnetic Softness Tuned Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Cancer Theranostics , Jie Wang

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

MIMO Antenna Systems for Wireless Handheld Devices , Ahmed H. Abdelgawwad

Applications of Laser Liftoff Technique for Wide Bandgap Power and Flexible Electronics , Md Didarul Alam

Non-intrusive Microwave Surface Wave Technique For Cable Damage and Aging Detection , Ahmed Shah Arman

Pulse Width Modulation-Based Voltage Balancing and Circulating Current Control for Modular Multilevel Converters , Md Multan Biswas

Networked Digital Predictive Control for Modular DC-DC Converters , Castulo Aaron De la O Pérez

Development of Micro-Sized Algan Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes and Monolithic Photonic Integrated Circuits , Richard Speight Floyd III

Distributed Interdigital Capacitor (IDC) Sensing for Cable Insulation Aging and Degradation Detection , Md Nazmul Al Imran

Epitaxial 4H-SiC Radiation Detectors for Harsh Environment Applications , Joshua W. Kleppinger

Growth, Characterization and Evaluation of CdZnTeSe Single Crystals for Room Temperature Radiation Detectors , Ritwik Nag

Automated Contingency Management for Water Recycling System , Shijie Tang

Closed Form Implicitly Integrated Models for Computationally Efficient Simulation of Power Electronics , Andrew Wunderlich

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Real Time Simulation and Hardware in the Loop Methods for Power Electronics Power Distribution Systems , Michele Difronzo

Time-Domain Measurement of Magnetization Dynamics in Ferrofluids , Brian Egenriether

Increased Detectivity and Low Temperature Performance Analysis of Sub-20μm Micropixel Array A1GaN UV Photodiodes , Samia Islam

Operating Strategies and Disturbance Characterization for DC Microgrids , Miles Leonard-Albert

Real-Time Probabilistic Solvers for Digital Twins of Power Electronic Systems , Matthew Aaron Milton

Ultrawide Bandgap Algan-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors With High- K Gate Dielectrics , Md Abu Shahab Mollah

Temperature Dependence of Electroluminescence and Current-Voltage Characteristics of Arrays of Deep Ultraviolet Algan Micropixel Led , Dhruvinkumar Prakashchandra Patel

Robust Adaptive Model Predictive Control of Nonlinear Sample-Data Systems , Lixing Yang

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Methods for Dynamic Stabilization, Performance Improvement, and Load Power Sharing In DC Power Distribution Systems , Hessamaldin Abdollahi

Data-Driven Modeling Through Power Hardware in the Loop Experiments: A PV Micro-Inverter Example , Hayder Dawood Abbood Almukhtar

Novel Multi-User Chirp Signaling Schemes for Future Aviation Communication Applications , Nozhan Hosseini

The Hybridization of a Graphene and Silicon Carbide Schottky Optoelectronic Device by the Incorporation of a Lead Sulfide Quantum Dot Film , Joshua Letton

Channel Modeling and Tropospheric Effects on Millimeter Wave Communications for Aviation Applications , Jinwen Liu

30 GHz Path Loss Modeling and Performance Evaluation for Noncoherent M-ary Frequency Shift Keying in the 30 GHz Band , Mohanad Razak Mohsen

Room Temperature Semiconductor Radiation Detectors Based on CdZnTe and CdZnTeSe , Mohsin Sajjad

Optimization of Vehicle to Grid System in a Power System With Unit Commitment , Charles Uko

Design of High Efficiency Wireless Power Thansfer System With Nonlinear Resonator , Yibing Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

DC Bus Stabilization and Dynamic Performance Improvement of a Multi-Converter System , Silvia Arrua

Fabrication and Characterization of Thin Films for Heterojunction Solar Cells and Radiation Detectors , Towhid A. Chowdhury

Low Frequency Injection as a Method of Low-Level DC Microgrid Communication , Matthew Davidson

Modeling and Loss Analysis of SiC Power Semiconductor Devices for Switching Converter Applications , Soheila Eskandari

Path Loss Models for Two Small Airport Indoor Environments at 31 GHz , Alexander L. Grant

Wireless RF Induced Energy Absorption and Heating of Lanthanum-Nickel Alloy in the Near-Field , Michael Dillon Lindsay

Fractional Order and Virtual Variable Sampling Design of Repetitive Control for Power Converters , Zhichao Liu

Curbside Antenna to Vehicle Path Loss Measurements and Modeling in Three Frequency Bands , Patrick Murphy

Finite Element Electromagnetic (EM) Analyses of Induction Heating of Thermoplastic Composites , Ankit Patel

Constrained Consensus in Continuous-Time Multi-Agent Systems , Zheqing Zhou

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Study Of 4H-SiC And ALxGA1-xN Based Heterojunction Devices For Ultraviolet Detection Applications , Venkata Surya Naga Raju Chava

Photovoltaic Inverter Control to Sustain High Quality of Service , Yan Chen

Novel Wideband EBG Structures For Isolation Improvement Between Cosite Antennas , Paul John Czeresko III

High Resolution Radiation Detectors Based On 4H-SiC N-Type Epitaxial Layers And Pixilated CdZnTe Single Crystal Devices , Cihan Oner

Ku-Band AG Channel Modeling , Albert Smith

Quantifying Time Retarded Electromagnetic Fields and Their Applications in Transmission Lines , Brandon Thomas Gore

Structurally Integrated Reconfigurable Wideband Array For Conformal Applications , Michael Damon Wright

Multifunction Radio Frequency Composite Structures , David L. Zeppettella

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Dynamic Model and Control of Quadrotor in the Presence of Uncertainties , Courage Agho

Ultra High-Speed Signaling and Return on Technology Investment (ROTI) for the Electrical Interconnects Sector , Azniza Abd Aziz

High Quality Low Offcut 4h-Sic Epitaxy and Integrated Growth of Epitaxial Graphene for Hybrid Graphene/Sic Devices , Anusha Balachandran

Cable Health Monitoring System Built Into Power Converter Using Time Domain Reflectometry , Hossein Baninajar

Low Bandwidth Communication for Networked Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation , Sean Borgsteede

Fault Protection In DC Microgrids Based On Autonomous Operation Of All Components , Qiu Deng

Distributed Optimization Method for Intelligent Control of DC Microgrids , Yuanyuan Fan

Three Segment Adaptive Power Electronic Compensator for Non-periodic Currents , Amin Ghaderi

Study of Mos2 and Graphene-Based Heterojunctions for Electronic and Sensing Applications , Ifat Jahangir

Evaluation Of Multicarrier Air Interfaces In The Presence Of Interference For L-Band And C-Band Air-Ground Communications , Hosseinali Jamal

Analysis and Design of a Highly Compact Ellipse-Shaped Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter (Uwb-Bpf) with a Notched Band , Xuetan Liu

Study of Ultra Wide Band Gap AlxGa1-xN Field Effect Transistors For Power Electronic Applications , Sakib Mohammed Muhtadi

Growth and Characterization of Anisotropic GaSe Semiconductor for Radiation Detection and THz Applications , Haseeb Nazir

Physical Characterization of Electrodeposited PCB Copper Foil Surfaces , Blessing Kolawole Ojo

Wideband Low Side Lobe Aperture Coupled Patch Phased Array Antennas , Dhruva Poduval

Software Modelling For Real World Faults On AC Transmission Protective Systems Analysis And Effects , Iandale Tualla

Improved N-Type 4h-Sic Epitaxial Layer Radiation Detectors and Noise Analysis of Front-End Readout Electronics , Khai V. Nguyen

Integrating Nano-Patterned Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials For Smart Tunable Microwave Applications , Tengxing Wang

An Application of Dempster-Shafer Fusion Theory to Lithium-ion Battery Prognostics and Health Management , John Weddington

A Lebesgue Sampling based Diagnosis and Prognosis Methodology with Application to Lithium-ion Batteries , Wuzhao Yan

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Positive Feedforward Control Design For Stabilization Of A Single-Bus DC Power Distribution System Using An Improved Impedance Identification Technique , Silvia Arrúa

Simulation Of GaN Based MIS Varactor , Bojidha Babu

High Gain Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays for Portable and Body-Centric Wireless Applications , Nowrin Hasan Chamok

An Improved Ship Design Tool for Comparing Performance of Multiple Ship Designs across User-Defined Missions , Helder Jose de Almeida Pais

Estimating Local Average Power In A Line-Of-Sight Indoor Channel: Spatial Sampling And Processing , Israt Jahan Disha

Time-Domain Measurement Of Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics In Magnetic Nanoparticles , Brian Egenriether

Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control Of Direct Matrix Converter And Dual-Output Power Converters , Ozan Gulbudak

Distributed Optimization And Control Of Islanded Microgrids , Md Rishad Hossain

Engineering Model Of III-Nitride Power Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor On Silicon Substrate , Mohammad Mirwazul Islam

A Comparison Of FPGA Implementation Of Latency-Based Solvers For Power Electronic System Real-Time Simulation , Matthew Aaron Milton

Investigation Of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices For Radiation Detection Applications , Rahmi Orhon Pak

Modeling and Loss Analysis of Wide Bandgap Power Semiconductor Devices , Kang Peng

Miniaturized RF Components With A Novel Tunable Engineered Substrate For Wireless Communication Systems , Yujia Peng

Wireless Channel Modeling For Networks On Chips , William Rayess

Comparative Analysis Of Current Control Methods For Modular Multilevel Converters , Jordan D. Rogers

Applications Of Impedance Identification To Electric Ship System Control And Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation , Jonathan Siegers

System Level Analysis And Design For Wireless Inter-Chip Interconnection Communication Systems By Applying Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies , Xin Zheng

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Pseudomorphic and Quasi-Pseudomorphic AlGaN Based Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes Over Sapphire , Fatima Asif

III-V Nitride Based Microcantilever Heaters for Unique Multimodal Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds at Low Temperature , Ifat Jahangir

Defect Characterization of 4H-SIC by Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS) and Influence of Defects on Device Performance , Mohammad Abdul Mannan

AN INVESTIGATION INTO QUASI-TUNABLE RF PASSIVE CIRCUIT DESIGN , Terry L. Moss

Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene based Biocompatible Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) , Rina Patel

Investigation of Modular Multilevel Converter Performance under Non-Ideal Distribution System Conditions , Rostan Rodrigues

Technology Development and Characterization of AIInN/GaN HEMTs for High Power Application , Mahbuba Sultana

Dual-Band Non-Stationary Channel Modeling for the Air-Ground Channel , Ruoyu Sun

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110 Engineering Research Topics For Engineering Students!

Getting engineering topics for research or presentation is not an easy task. The reason is that the field of engineering is vast. Engineers seek to use scientific principles in the design and building of machines, structures, bridges, tunnels, etc.

Engineering as a discipline has a broad range of specialized fields such as chemical engineering, civil engineering, biomedical engineering, computer engineering, mechanical engineering, software engineering, and lots more! In all, engineering seeks to apply mathematics or science to solving problems.

110 Engineering Topic Ideas in Different Areas

Genetic engineering topics, mechanical engineering research topics, electrical engineering research topics, software engineering research topics, computer engineering research topics, biomedical engineering research topics, civil engineering topics, chemical engineering research topics, controversial engineering topics, aerospace engineering topics, industrial engineering topics, environmental engineering topics for research.

We understand how difficult and tiring it could be to get engineering research topics; hence this article contains a total of 110 interesting engineering topics covering all aspects of engineering. Ready to explore? Let’s begin right away!

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of the gene of an organism using biotechnology. Many controversies are surrounding this engineering field because of the fantastic potential feats it could achieve. Here are some genetic engineering topics that encompass essential areas of this field.

• Can the human personality be altered through genetic engineering?
• Genetic engineering: hope for children with intellectual disabilities?
• Genetic engineering: the problems and perspectives.
• Genetic engineering and the possibility of human cloning.
• Genetic Engineering
• The side effects of altering human personality
• Immortalizing humans through genetic engineering
• Addressing human deficiencies through genetic engineering

Mechanical engineering deals with the design and manufacture of physical or automated systems. These systems include power and energy systems, engines, compressors, kinematic chains, robotics, etc. Here are some impressive mechanical engineering topics that double as mechanical engineering thesis topics too.

• A study of the compressed air technology used in cars.
• The design of a motorized automatic wheelchair that can serve as a bed.
• The why and how of designing stronger and lighter automobiles.
• The design of an electronic-assisted hydraulic braking system.
• Basics of Electronics Engineering
• AC and DC motors and operations
• Design and implementation of wind energy
• Power lines and electricity distribution
• Electromagnetic field and its applications
• Generators and electric motors

Electrical engineering is a trendy and well-sought field that deals with the design and manufacture of different electrical and electronic systems. Electrical engineering encompasses power and electronics. The basic principle of digital technology and electricity are all given birth to in this field. From your lighting to computers and phones, everything runs based on electricity. Although finding topics in electrical engineering could be difficult, we have carefully selected four electrical engineering topics to give you a great head start in your research! or write research paper for me

• A study on how temperature affects photovoltaic energy conversion.
• The impact of solar charging stations on the power system.
• Direct current power transmission and multiphase power transmission
• Analysis of the power quality of the micro grid-connected power grid.
• Solar power and inverters
• Alternator and electric magnetic induction
• AC to DC converters
• Operational amplifiers and their circuits.

Software engineering deals with the application of engineering approaches systematically to develop software. This discipline overlaps with computer science and management science and is also a part of overall systems engineering. Here are some software engineering topics for your research!

• The borderline between hardware and software in cloud computing.
• Essential computer languages of the future.
• Latest tendencies in augmented reality and virtual reality.
• How algorithms improve test automation.
• Essentials for designing a functional software
• Software designing and cyber security
• 5 computer languages that will stand the test of time.
• Getting software design right
• Effects of malware on software operation.

Computer engineering integrates essential knowledge from the subfields of computer science, software engineering, and electronic engineering to develop computer hardware and software. Computer engineering applies various concepts to build complex structural models. Besides, we have completed researches in the information technology field and prepare great  it thesis topics for you. Here are some computer engineering topics to help you with your research.

• Biotechnology, medicine, and computer engineering.
• Programs for computer-aided design (cad) of drug models.
• More effective coding and information protection for multinational companies.
• Why we will need greater ram in modern-day computers.
• Analysis and computer-aided structure design
• Pre-stressed concrete structures and variations
• General computer analysis of structures
• Machine foundation and structural design
• Storage and industrial structures.

Biomedical engineering applies principles and design concepts from engineering to medicine and biology for diagnostic or therapeutic healthcare purposes. Here are some suggested biomedical engineering topics to carry out research on!

• A study on how robots are changing health care.
• Can human organs be replaced with implantable biomedical devices?
• The advancement of brain implants.
• The advancement of cell and tissue engineering for organ replacement.
• Is planting human organs in machines safe?
• Is it possible to plant biomedical devices insensitive to human organs?
• How can biomedicine enhance the functioning of the human brain?
• The pros and cons of organ replacement.

Civil engineering deals with the construction, design, and implementation of these designs into the physical space. It is also responsible for the preservation and maintenance of these constructions. Civil engineering spans projects like roads, buildings, bridges, airports, and sewage construction. Here are some civil engineering topics for your research!

• Designing buildings and structures that withstand the impact of seismic waves.
• Active noise control for buildings in very noisy places.
• The intricacies of designing a blast-resistant building.
• A compatible study of the effect of replacing cement with silica fume and fly ash.
• Comparative study on fiber-reinforced concrete and other methods of concrete reinforcement.
• Advanced construction techniques
• Concrete repair and Structural Strengthening
• Advanced earthquake resistant techniques
• Hazardous waste management
• Carbon fiber use in construction
• Structural dynamics and seismic site characterization
• Urban construction and design techniques

Chemical engineering transverses the operation and study of chemical compounds and their production. It also deals with the economic methods involved in converting raw chemicals to usable finished compounds. Chemical engineering applies subjects from various fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics. It utilizes technology to carry out large-scale chemical processes. Here are some chemical engineering topics for you!

• Capable wastewater treatment processes and technology.
• Enhanced oil recovery with the aid of microorganisms.
• Designing nanoparticle drug delivery systems for cancer chemotherapy.
• Efficient extraction of hydrogen from the biomass.
• Separation processes and thermodynamics
• Heat, mass, and temperature
• Industrial chemistry
• Water splitting for hydrogen production
• Mining and minerals
• Hydrocarbon processes and compounds
• Microfluidics and Nanofluidics.

Not everyone agrees on the same thing. Here are some engineering ethics topics and controversial engineering topics you can explore.

• Are organic foods better than genetically modified foods?
• Should genetically modified foods be used to solve hunger crises?
• Self-driving cars: pros and cons.
• Is mechanical reproduction ethical?
• If robots and computers take over tasks, what will humans do?
• Are electric cars really worth it?
• Should human genetics be altered?
• Will artificial intelligence replace humans in reality?

Aerospace engineering deals with the design, formation, and maintenance of aircraft, spacecraft, etc. It studies flight safety, fuel consumption, etc. Here are some aerospace engineering topics for you.

• How the design of planes can help them weather the storms more efficiently.
• Current techniques on flight plan optimization.
• Methods of optimizing commercial aircraft trajectory
• Application of artificial intelligence to capacity-demand.
• Desalination of water
• Designing safe planes
• Mapping a new airline route
• Understanding the structural design of planes.

Petroleum engineering encompasses everything hydrocarbon. It is the engineering field related to the activities, methods, processes, and adoptions taken to manufacture hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon examples include natural gas and crude oil which can be processed to more refined forms to give new petrochemical products.

• The effect of 3d printing on manufacturing processes.
• How to make designs that fit resources and budget constraints.
• The simulation and practice of emergency evacuation.
• Workers ergonomics in industrial design.
• Heat transfer process and material science
• Drilling engineering and well formation
• Material and energy flow computing
• Well log analysis and testing
• Natural gas research and industrial management

Manufacturing engineering is integral for the creation of materials and various tools. It has to do with the design, implementation, construction, and development of all the processes involved in product and material manufacture. Some useful production engineering topics are:

• Harnessing freshwater as a source of energy
• The design and development of carbon index measurement systems.
• Process improvement techniques for the identification and removal of waste in industries.
• An extensive study of biomedical waste management.
• Optimization of transportation cost in raw material management
• Improvement of facility layout using systematic planning
• Facilities planning and design
• Functional analysis and material modeling
• Product design and marketing
• Principles of metal formation and design.

So here we are! 110 engineering research paper topics in all major fields of engineering! Choose the ones you like best and feel free to contact our thesis writers for help. It’s time to save humanity!

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One of the major subjective areas in engineering disciplines is power electronics . Mainly, it is the functional studies of power devices, power controllers, and power converters . In today’s world, approximately 12 billion kilowatts of power are utilized in each hour of day-to-day life. This page broadly discusses important power electronics thesis topics with research fields, technologies, concepts, limitations, etc.!!! In this, nearly 80% of power is again reused/reprocessed through different electronic devices . If the efficiency of power conversion is lacking then the energy wastage/utilization will be more.

 For instance: daily power wastage of PCs in 12 months can be sold up to 17 power plants (500MW).

To avoid power wastage, one should be more focused on power conversion systems . For that, the efficiency of power converters can be improved using advanced technologies. As a result, it minimizes the 35% of energy wastage/utilization in the world. Our resource team helps you to understand the current research demand of the power electronics field in the following section. First and foremost, here we have explained the workflow of power electronics systems from power generation to power distribution .

Working of Power Electronics

Initially, power is produced through different power generators like wind turbines (wind) and PV panels ( solar PV Simulator ) . Then, the collect generated power is transformed into any power electronic system . The power electronic systems are composed of three main entities as capacitors, power devices, and inductors . Here, each entity has some special features and objectives to process raw power . Here, we have given the functions of each entity in power electronic systems.

• Balancing voltage and frequency
• Reacting active power
• Achieving power harmonics / quality
• Fault ride-through
• And many more
• Monitoring generator
• Tracing of high power
• Varying voltage / frequency
• Controlling of current / voltage
• Transmitting data
• Stabilizing energy
• Improving efficiency, reliability and power density
• Storing energy

Once all these entities perform their operations properly, then the processed power is transferred to the grid (i.e., utility systems) . Then, the end-users like us receive the current from a nearby transformer that is connected with transmission lines. Next, we can see the different research areas/fields of power electronics thesis topics.

Our research team supports not only these fields but also other emerging research areas of power electronics . Along with the research fields, we also let you know about the latest research areas and ideas.

Fields of Power Electronics

• Electrical Devices Modeling
• Magnetics System Simulation
• Mathematical Model Simulation
• Power and Control Systems
• Analog Circuits Designing

Next, we can see about the latest technologies of power electronics based on the current final year students and research scholars’ interests. Our research team has identified these areas only after conducting an in-depth study on recent research journal papers and magazines . Further, we also update this list of technologies frequently based on technological growth and research demand of power electronics in real-world scenarios.

Latest Technologies in Power Electronics

• Digital Signal Processing
• Industry-based Microelectronics
• Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
• Power Conversion between New Energy System and Power Grid
• New Renewable Energy Systems using wind power simulation
• Automotive Electric Drives Modeling
• Achievement of Security, Maintenance and Reliability for New Energy Systems
• Energy Drives Technologies and Policies for Industrial Systems

Power electronics use the static application for regulating and converting power . In the beginning, the power electronic components are developed based on mercury-arc valves. Then, it is upgraded to use power switching semiconductors like power transistors (power IGBT and MOSFET), diodes, and thyristors. Apart from regular electronic systems, power electronics focus on a considerable amount of electrical energy .  Here, we have given you some important parameters of power electronics systems.

• Improved cooling techniques for minimizing imprints of power electronics models
• Improved control and hardware policies to utilize complete benefits of power electronics
• Improved application needs by means of high device speed, power and temperature
• Improved reliability of passive and active entities for power generation, transmission and distribution
• Improved efficiency for high device performance and energy conservation as well as low cooling needs

When you discuss power electronic devices , it is necessary to know the different types of electronic circuits. For your information, we have given you 5 primary kinds of electronic circuits . Here, each type has some special purposes and characteristics. Similarly, there are more electronic circuits with different specifications. Our developers are proficient to model and simulate different forms of power electronics circuits . Further, we also suggest appropriate circuits based on your project requirements.

Power Electronic Circuits

• Transform static alternating current (AC) to alternating current (AC) in dynamic frequency
• Transform direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) in dynamic frequency and amplitude
• Transform static alternating current (AC) to dynamic alternating current (AC) in identical frequency
• Transform static direct current (DC) to dynamic direct current (DC)
• Transform static alternating current (AC) to dynamic direct current (DC)

Although this field is tied up with daily life types of machinery, it has some limitations that make power electronics perform less efficiently . Below, we have listed few important power electronics constraints that affect system performance. Once you connect with us, our developers suggest suitable research solutions for upgrading your project performance to craft power electronics thesis topics . Beyond these limitations, we also support you in other technical stumbling blocks in the power electronics implementations .

Limitations of Power Electronics

• Unable to direct flow due to higher losses
• Unable to prevent all loop flows due to working state
• Unable to unload transmission line due to working state
• Unable to achieve security due to restricted high utility interconnection
• Unable to accomplish high capability due to more number of devices with cooperative service to wheel power

Next, we can see the significance of power electronics related to current scientific developments . The following points act as the influencing factors to increase power electronics thesis topics research . If you are new to the power electronics field then we help you to transform from beginner to expert. We have sufficient online and offline study materials to guide and make you shine in both fundamentals and advanced technologies of power electronics .

Importance of Power Electronics

• Nowadays, the need of electrical power is increasing largely due to high electrification
• Equal to power generation, power processing is also more important to transform power into some other usable format based on needs
• Real-time example of power electronics is fan regulator which control fan speed via resistor. Now, it is improved by semiconductors to control frequency and voltage
• In the case of aerospace applications, it uses switching converters which operate at high frequency
•  If the frequency increases then the energy storage entities use low space and vice-versa.
• Thus, the device with low frequency minimize weight and size of system in aerospace applications
• Currently, advanced electronic devices support power range from watts to megawatts which applicable in both regulated and raw power
• For instance: engines are replaced by mechanical and hydraulic actuators

Benefits of Power Electronics

To the continuation, now we can see about the advantages of using power electronics. The main objective of power electronics is to distribute power to the loads in low losses.  Further, the current study of power semiconductors is enhancing the result in chemistry aspects such as gallium nitride and silicon carbide, and gallium nitride. Similarly, it also creates advantages on other aspects which is given in the followings,

• Power transmission without physical communication channels
• Power generation in greater power density
• Power conversion enhances nearly 99% of performance
• Power system preparation is improved in the customized measurement of the power.
• Power production improvement is based on the interface of the power electronics with the use of link between the source and grid.
• Power transmission and switching in noise-sensitive applications that use medical sensors

At present, the emerging concepts are moving in the direction of creating advancement in the topology of power electronic models . More than this, it is very important to focus on a new variation of system modeling. For your reference, here we have added the significant needs of developing power electronics projects . When you satisfy all these requirements, then the whole power electronic system easily achieves the system performance with desired expects. Further, the requirements may vary based on application needs. 

Important Requirements of Power Electronics

• Enhanced control systems for multi-converters
• Electromagnetic and harmonics interference minimization
• Minimization of footprints via energy-driven density system utilization
• High-speed semiconductor switches and High-power ratings
• Efficient pricing strategy for reactive power
• Test-bed design and simulation for electronic entities
• Enhanced consistency of active and   passive entities

Next, we can see the advanced techniques of power electronics . These techniques are widely used in current power electronics research. Further, we also recommend other techniques based on project requirements. In the case of complexity, we design our own algorithm and techniques to tackle the problem efficiently. 

Technologies of Power Electronics

• For instance: Structure, Material and Interconnection Approaches
• For instance: EMC, Audio Communication, Physical Resource Communication and EMI
• For instance: Snubbing, Device Approaches, Security Mechanisms and Driving
• For instance: Circulation and Cooling Fluids
• For instance: Converters with Resonant Transition, Hard and Soft Switching
• For instance: Conductive entities, Capacitive entities and Magnetic entities
• Converter Control and Industrial Techniques

Then, we can see important research perspectives of the power electronics field . These concepts are gathered from our very recent review on important areas of power electronics . If you need to know Power Electronics Thesis Topics and research notions on these areas then communicate with us.

Recent Concepts in Power Electronics

• 1 Hz Oscillations of Dampen
• Management of Power Demand
• Dynamic Electricity Flow Control
• Run-Time Changing Voltage Support
• Oscillations of Dampen Low Frequency
• Power Generation and Load Control

Our researchers are creative in selecting power electronics topics from the latest areas. Only after analysing the research scope by recent research papers and future technologies, we handpick the topics. Beyond this below list of topics, we have also extended our support in other emerging research ideas . If you are interested to know other innovative power electronics thesis topics then communicate with us. We let you know your required information through a detailed explanation from our experts.

Latest Power Electronics Thesis Topics

• Security over Connected Power Devices
• Artificial Intelligence in Power Systems
• Interface Development of PLC Technologies
• Fault Tolerance-based Analytical Control Techniques
• Application Development of Smart Grids Systems
• Scalable Sensors-based Visual Media Transmission
• Efficient Power Production, Dissemination and Storage
• Power Systems and Converters Applications for Smart-Grid
• Identification and Assessment of Performance Parameter

Generally, thesis preparation is the most important phase in research. So, it is essential to focus more on this phase. We have a team of native writers who are technically strong in converting research thoughts into a chain of words . Our main objective of writing a thesis is to deliver your research efforts starting from disciplined system planning to system implementation .

While writing a thesis, we concentrate on handpicking novel topics, collecting essentials for writing a thesis , preparing creative thesis content, and revising the content for quality improvement. Most importantly, all this information is needed to be organized in chapters in the order of abstract, acknowledgment, table of contents, introduction, literature survey, methodologies, conclusion, and references/bibliography . These chapters may vary based on the suggested intuition format. Next, we can see the key tips to select good power electronics thesis topics.

• Confirm with the requirements given by your educational institution
• Verify that you are focusing on new topic or exiting one for betterment
• Select the innovative that describe your research question and suitable answers
• Conduct survey on related research papers
• Prepare the list of suitable topics and pick optimal one among them

Overall, we help you in the whole research process ranges from research topic selection to thesis submission with an assurance of fast acceptance. Further, if you have any queries or need to more about in required phase, then approach us.

• Interesting Top 9 Power Electronics Thesis Topics

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Latest Topics in Electronics and Communication (ECE) for project, research, and thesis

Electronics and Communication is an important field with respect to our daily life. There are a number of good topics in electronics and communication engineering (ECE) for thesis, research, and project. New developments and research are going on in this field. It has made our life, even more, easier and comfortable.

Mobile phones and Communication network have brought the world closer. All thanks to electronics and communication engineers working towards the development of these electrical products. Talking about academics, students are often confused about which topic to choose in electronics and communication for project, thesis or for the seminar. M.Tech students find it even more difficult to choose a good master thesis topics in communication engineering. Even after the choice of the topic is made, students are unable to get proper thesis guidance and thesis assistance in ECE.

So what to do?

Here are some of the latest and best topics in electronics and communication which you can choose for your thesis, projects, and seminars for M.Tech and Ph.D. You can get thesis help in any of these topics from the thesis guidance experts.

Latest Thesis and Research Topics in Electronics and Communication(ECE)

Following is the list of latest  topics in Electronics and Communication(ECE) for the project, research and thesis:

Fibre Optic Communication

Embedded systems, nanoelectronics, oled(organic light emitting diode).

Zigbee Technology

Human Area Network

Bluetooth is a low-power wireless technology used for exchange of data within a short range. Bluetooth build a Personal Area Network(PAN) for exchange of data between mobile devices. This technology was invented by Ericsson in 1994. Bluetooth is based on radio technology known as frequency-hopping spread spectrum. In this technology, the data is transmitted in the form of packets. It is a very good topic for an M.Tech thesis. Thesis help in this topic can be taken from an expert in this field. Along with this it is also a very good choice for major project in ECE. There are two processes of Bluetooth technology:

Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate(BR/ED) –It uses point-to-point topology to enable continuous wireless communication between two devices. The common example for this is wireless speakers.

Low Energy(LE) – It uses multiple network topologies for communication which include point-to-point, mesh and broadcast. Point-to-point is for one to one device communication. Broadcast is for one to many device communication. Mesh is for many to many device communication.

Many consumers are using this technology worldwide for streaming audio, data exchange and broadcasting information. Bluetooth technology uses a variety of protocols. The Bluetooth protocol stack is divided into two parts: Controller Stack and the host stack.

The controller stack is implemented in low-cost silicon devices that contains Bluetooth radio and a microprocessor. The host stack is implemented on the top of the operating system or as an installable package on the operating system.

How Bluetooth technology works?

The Bluetooth network is also known as Personal Area Network or Piconet in which there are 2 to 8 devices. One is the master device that initiates the communication while other are the slaves. The slave devices respond to the action of the master device. The master device governs the transmission between the slave devices. A slave device may begin transmission only in an allotted time slot.

A scatternet is created when a device participates in more than one piconet.

Features of Bluetooth Technology

Following are some of the features of Bluetooth technology:

Based on radio technology.

Power consumption is less.

There are fewer complications.

Applications of Bluetooth technology

Wireless mobile phone headset.

Bluetooth enabled laptops and Pcs.

Wireless mouse and keyboard.

Data transfer between mobile devices.

Disadvantages of Bluetooth Technology

Along with benefits, there are certain disadvantages of Bluetooth technology. Some of these are:

High battery consumption.

Security is poor.

The data transfer is low.

Lower bandwidth.

For transmission of large amount of data fibre optic communication is the perfect choice. This type of communication is used to transmit data over long distances over the computer network. This technology converts electronic signals into light signals and the signals are transmitted through the optical fibres. It is a very good choice for your M.Tech thesis project. Thesis help in this topic can be taken from professionals in this topic. Some of the characteristics of this type of communication are:

High bandwidth

Long distance communication

Less electromagnetic interference

Transmission Security

How Fibre Optics Communication works?

Unlike other form of communication, in fibre optics, the communication takes place in the form of light signals. The components of fibre optics communication are:

Transmitter

Light source

The transmitter receives input in the form of electrical signals which are converted into light signals using a light source like LED and laser. The light signal is transmitted using optic fibre cable to the receiver where it is converted back into electric signals. The receiver consists of a photodetector that measures the frequency of the optic field. The wavelength near to the infrared is used for communication.

Photodetector – A photodetector is a device that converts light signals into electric signals. Two types of photodetectors mainly used in fibre optic communication are PN photodiode and avalanche photodiode.

Advantages of fibre optics communication

Some of the advantages of fibre optics communication are:

Higher transmission bandwidth

Data transmission is higher

Low power loss

Higher Security

Immunity to electromagnetic interference

Disadvantages

High installation cost

More number of repeaters

More maintenance is required

Embedded Systems are the type of physical hardware systems with software embedded in that. This system is microprocessor or microcontroller-based and can be independent or can be a part of larger system. This system is specifically designed to perform some tasks. It is a hot topic for thesis, project ad for seminar. If you know little about this topic you can also take thesis guidance for this topic. Following are the three components of embedded systems:

Real-Time Operating System

Characteristics of Embedded Systems

The characteristics of the embedded systems are:

Single Functionality – Embedded Systems are specifically designed to perform a single task.

Tightly Constrained – Embedded Systems are based on constraints like design, cost , size, and power.

Reactive – Embedded Systems are reactive in nature i.e. they instantaneously react to any changes in nature.

Based on microprocessor – Embedded Systems are microprocessor and microcontroller based.

Memory – These systems have ROM(Read Only Memory) embedded in that as there is no need of secondary memory.

Connectivity – These systems have peripherals connected to them for input and output.

What an Embedded System consists of?

The basic structure of an embedded system consists of the following components:

Sensor – To measure the quantity of a system by converting it into electrical signals.

A/D Converter – It is required to convert analog to digital signals.

Processor – It processes the data and stores it into memory.

D/A Converter – It converts digital to analog signals.

Actuator – An actuator compares the output of the D/A converter to the expected output.

Advantages of Embedded Systems

These systems can be easily customized.

These have low power consumption.

The cost is comparatively low.

The power is enhanced.

Disadvantages of Embedded Systems

High efforts in development

Marketing is not easy.

Nanoelectronics is a field that deals with the use of nanotechnology in electrical components. On the other hand, nanotechnology is a branch of engineering that deals with the matter at an atomic and molecular level. Nanoelectronics more or less is based on the transistors. The transistors used here have size lesser than 1000 nanometers. These are so small that there is separate study to understand the inter atomic interactions as well as quantum mechanical properties. These transistors are designed through nanotechnology and are very much different from the traditional transistors.

The work that a nanoelectronic device can do depends upon its size. With increase in volume, the power of the device will increase. The development in this field is in progress as there are some limitations of it when used in real world.

Different approaches to nanotechnology

The different approaches to nanotechnology are:

Nanofabrication

Nanomaterials Electronics

Molecular Electronics

Nanophotonics

Applications of Nanoelectronics

Certain development and applications have been made in this field of nanotechnology which are as follows:

Nanoradio – These will have nanoprocessors for its working with high speed and performance. Carbon nanotubes are being used in this application.

Nanocomputers – Traditional computers will be replaced by nanocomputers for higher performance and speed. Detailed research is being carried out in this field.

Medical Diagnostics – Nanoelectronic devices can detect biomolecules and thus will help in medical diagnostics.

Energy Production – Research is being conducted to create energy efficient solar cells, galvanic cells and fuel cells.

VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

VLSI is a process to create Integrated Circuits(IC) by combining together thousands of transistors on a single chip. Microprocessor is an example of VLSI. Before the development of VLSI, the Integrated Circuits had limited functionality and performance. VLSI gives the ability to add CPU, RAM, ROM and other such functions on a single chip.

Due to this, the electronics industry has recorded a commendable growth.

Design of VLSI

VLSI maily consists of front-end design and back-end design. Front-end design is the digital design while back-end design is the CMOS(Complememtary metal-oxide semiconductor) library design. The steps followed while designing a VLSI are:

Problem Specification – In this step, various parameters are studied like size, cost, performance and functionality.

Architecture – In this step, specifications like floating point unit, ALU, RISC/CISC and cache size are studied.

Functional Design – The functional unit along with the input and output are defined in this step using a block diagram.

Logical Design – The main logic of the system is designed at this step. Other developments in this step include boolean expression, register allocation, control flow and word width.

Design of the Circuit – The circuit is designed after the logical design by the use of gates and transistors.

Physical Design – The complete layout of the system is designed at this step through geometrical representation.

Packaging – The final product is obtained after putting together all the chips into a single printed circuit board.

Advantages of VLSI

The advantages of VLSI are:

Size of the circuit is reduced.

Cost of the device is reduced.

Increase in overall performance and speed.

Higher reliability

Find its use in almost every field from computers to medicines.

OLED is a type of LED( Light Emitting Diode) with a small change that the component that produces light is made up of a thin layer of organic compounds. This organic semiconductor layer is situated between the two electrodes. It is mainly used for flat panel displays, mobile devices, and smartphones. There are two types of OLEDs :

Based on small molecules

Using polymers

Working of OLEDs

Organic LED work almost in the same way as traditional LEDs with some changes. In this instead of n-type and p-type semiconductors, organic molecules are used to produce electrons and holes. There are 6 layers of OLED. The top layer is known as the seal while the bottom layer is called the substrate. There are two terminals between the top and the bottom layers – anode(positive terminal) and cathode(negative terminal). In between these terminals, there are the organic layers one is the emissive layer and the other one is the conductive layer.

A voltage is connected to the anode and the cathode. Electricity starts flowing and the cathode starts receiving electrons while the cathode starts losing them. As the electrons are added, the emissive layer starts becoming negatively charged while the conductive layer starts becoming positively charged. The positively charged holes starts jumping towards the emissive layer. When the positive hole meets the negatively charged electron ,a photon is produced which is a particle of light.

Advantages of OLEDs

These are superior to LCDs.

These are thinner, lighter and flexible.

The respond time is faster.

They produce true colors with better viewing angle.

Disadvantages of OLEDs

These have comparatively less life time than the LCDs.

The organic molecules degrade over the time.

These are very sensitive to water.

ZigBee Technology

ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 based communication system designed for wireless personal area network . This standard allows the physical and media access control layer(MAC) to handle various devices at a very low-data rate. The main characteristics of this technology is that it is low powered and low cost. It controls and manages application within a range of 10-100 metres. Moreover, it is less expensive than the Bluetooth and Wifi.

Architecture of ZigBee

This system consist of the following three devices:

ZigBee Coordinator

The ZigBee coordinator acts as the bridge and the root of the whole network. It handles and stores the information by performing some data operations. The ZigBee routers are the intermediatory device that allows data to pass to and from other devices. The end device communicates with the parent node. The ZigBee protocol consists of the following 5 layers:

Physical Layer – This layer performs the modulation and demodulation operation.

MAC Layer – This layer access different networks using CSMA to check for reliable transmission of data.

Network Layer – This layer looks after all the operations related to the network.

Application Support Sub-Layer – This layer matches two devices according to their services and needs.

Application Framework – This layer provides two types of data services. One is the key value pair and the other one is the generic messages service.

ZigBee Operating Modes

There two modes of operation in ZigBee:

Non-beacon – In this mode, there is no monitoring of the incoming data by the coordinators and the routers.

Beacon – In this mode, the active state of the incoming data is continuously monitored by the coordinators and routers thereby consuming more power.

Applications of ZigBee Technology

ZigBee finds its application in the following fields:

Industrial Automation

Home Automation

Smart Metering

Smart Grid Monitoring

Human Area Network is a wireless network also referred to as RedTacton that uses the human body as a medium for high-speed transmission. It is different from other wireless and infrared technologies in the sense that it uses tiny electric field emitted on the surface of the human body. It is a very good topic under ece thesis topics list. 

The human body forms a transmission path whenever a part of it comes into contact with the RedTacton transceiver. Body surface can be hands, legs, arm, feet or face. It can work through clothes and shoes. Whenever the physical contact between the transceiver and the human body is lost, communication ends.

It has the following three main features:

The communication can be triggered by human movements like touching, gripping, walking, sitting, and stepping for obtaining data.

The transmission speed is not depleted when many people are communication at the same time as the transmission path is human body surface.

Conductors and dielectrics can be used along with the human body.

Working of Human Area Network

The approach of Human Area Network is different from other networks. It does not use electromagnetic waves or light waves for data transmission. Instead, it uses weak electric signals on the human body for transmission. It works as follows:

The RedTacton transmitter generates a weak electric signal on the human body surface.

Any changes caused by the transmitter to the electric field is sensed by the RedTacton receiver.

RedTacton depends upon the principle that the changes in the weak electric field can cause a change in the optical properties of an electro-optic crystal.

These changes are detected using a laser and the result is produced in the form of electrical signals.

RedTacton uses CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense with Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocols for transmission.

GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Services. It is a packet-based service for 2G and 3G mobile communication. It is standardized under European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). It provides higher data rates for Internet on mobile phones. It is based on GSM(Global System for Mobile) communication and provides additional services on circuit-switched connections and Short Message Service(SMS). It is another popular topic for final year project, thesis, and seminar. 

GPRS has the following main features:

It has lesser cost than the circuit-switched services as the communication channels are shared.

It provides variable throughput and latency.

It provides data rates of 56-114 kbps.

It supports IP, PPP, and X.25 packet-based protocol.

Services offered by GPRS include:

SMS(Short Messaging Service)

Internet Access

MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service)

Push-to-talk service

Instant Messaging

Point-to-point(P2P) and point-to-multipoint(P2M) services

It stands for High-Speed Packet Access. It is a combination of two technologies named HSDPA and HSUPA for uplink and downlink. This provides high-speed data access. It can provide download speed up to 384 kbps. It uses WCDMA protocols and improves the performance of the existing 3G mobile communication. Students looking for ece project ideas can work on this topic. 

Components of HSPA

Following are the two main components of HSPA providing a link between the base station and the user:

HSDPA(High-speed Downlink Packet Access) –  HSDPA is used to provide support for packet data and a data rate of 14 Mbps. Also, it helps in reducing delays.

HSUPA(High-speed Uplink Packet Access) –  It also provides data support with improved features along with data rate of 5.74 Mbps. 

Benefits of HSPA

There are a number of benefits of HSPA but following are the significant ones:

HSPA uses a higher order of modulation for data to be transmitted at a higher rate.

It uses a Shorter Transmission Time Interval(TTI) to reduce the round trip time and reduction in latency.

It uses a shared channel for transmission which provides a great level of efficiency.

To maximize the channel usage, link adaption is used.

Fast Node B scheduling is used with adaptive coding and modulation to respond to the constantly varying radio channel and interference.

These were some of the topics in electronics and communication for your project, thesis and for your seminar. Thesis help and thesis guidance can be taken for ece thesis topics from thesis guidance agencies.

Techsparks offer thesis and research help in electronics and communication (ECE). You can contact us on this number +91-9465330425 or email us at [email protected] for any help in all the latest topics in electronics and communication. You can also fill the query form on the website.

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Department of Electronic Engineering

Diploma thesis.

According to the regulations applicable to the Department of Electronic Engineering, the preparation of a diploma thesis by students following the 5-year Undergraduate Studies Program (BAS) is mandatory and is credited with 30 ECTS credits. The preparation of the thesis aims to:

• for students to delve deeper into topics of their interest, acquiring knowledge and skills that will help them in their future development and career,
• in familiarizing students with scientific thinking and methodology, the overview of existing knowledge, and the research effort,
• in giving students the opportunity to broaden their thinking and seek innovation,
• in giving students the opportunity to come into contact with cutting-edge research topics, always depending on their interests, which is highly encouraged in the Department of Electronic Engineering.

By completing the dissertation, students will have developed and improved their skills:

• in the structured search of scientific sources, and in the bibliographic review,
• in the clear formulation of a scientific problem, and in the organization and design of the methodology for dealing with it,
• in the collection of data, their processing, their presentation, and the drawing of conclusions for the interpretation of phenomena,
• in solving problems related to the subject of Electronic Engineering,
• in writing scientific texts and presenting them to a wide audience.

Diploma thesis assignment and preparation procedures The preparation of a diploma thesis requires that the student has successfully attended 36 of the 48 courses of the first 8 semesters. In the 10th semester, typically, the student chooses and prepares his diploma thesis, with a typical preparation duration of six months. In the Department of Electronic Engineering, and for the convenience of students, it is possible and recommended to choose a thesis topic from the 9th semester of studies. All diploma theses in the Department of Electronic Engineering are to a lesser or greater degree research, and are prepared under the supervision and research guidance of a faculty member of the Department. After each examination period, the lecturers (Members of the Faculty-EDIP-ETEP, Young Scientists for the Acquisition of Teaching Experience, Teachers PD 407/80, and Academic Scholars) suggest topics for diploma theses. The Department Assembly ensures that a sufficient number of topics are announced, so that students have the option of choosing. The interested students, after consultation with the lecturer of the subject, request the undertaking of a thesis on a specific subject, with their application to the Secretariat, which is countersigned by the lecturer of the subject. As long as there is a joint decision between the Departments, thesis supervision can be assigned to Faculty Members or appointed lecturers of another Department of the same or another School, or to Faculty Members of Departments of other Universities. Typically, the thesis topic is assigned to a single student. In the event that two or more students express their interest in the same thesis topic, it is within the jurisdiction of the supervising lecturer who suggested the topic to choose the student to whom it will be assigned. However, in special cases where there is a clear distinction between the individual tasks and after the recommendation of the supervisor, the same thesis can be assigned to two or more students. Then there are examples of the documents that must be filled in to start preparing the diploma thesis. Upon their submission, the decision / final approval is given by the Assembly of the Department. The official start date of the thesis is defined as the date that the Department Assembly approved the submitted thesis assignment proposal. A student who undertook the preparation of a diploma thesis under the supervision of a specific teacher, may, with a reasoned request, request (once) to change the topic. Also, again after clear justification and written request, the subject/title of the thesis can be modified to the extent that the original description is not substantially altered. In the event of the need for substantial changes arising in the course of preparation of the thesis, a written request must be submitted in a timely manner by the supervisor in consultation with the student. To facilitate the writing of the thesis, the Department defines a template in the form of an electronic text processing file, which is posted on the Department’s website, after it has been approved by the Assembly. In addition, explicit instructions for writing the thesis, as well as a guide for writing bibliographic references, are posted on the Department’s website.

Supervision – Obligations of supervisors and students All members of the teaching staff who independently teach courses in the 5-year PPS of the Department, have the possibility to undertake the supervision/supervision of a diploma thesis on topics related to their subject and research interests. The supervisor undertakes to direct the student throughout the preparation of the thesis on the basis of a clear schedule and to assist him in all stages of the preparation of the thesis: (i) in the initial planning and approach to the topic, (ii) in the bibliography review, (iii) solving the specific problem, (iv) processing the data, (v) drawing the relevant conclusions, and (vi) writing and presenting the thesis. Students must cooperate with their supervisors at regular intervals, keep them informed of any problems and difficulties that arise, be consistent with the timetables set, and not exert undue pressure. In general, the role of the supervisor is advisory, and the students themselves should develop the necessary initiatives, since regardless of the degree of contribution of the supervisor, the responsibility for the quality of the thesis is primarily the responsibility of the student who prepares it, and secondarily the supervisor who proposes and supervises her.

Completion procedures – Evaluation After completing the thesis, and with the supervisor’s approval, the student submits his thesis to the Secretariat in electronic format. The Assembly appoints a Three-member Examination Committee from Members of the Department’s permanent and temporary teaching staff for its evaluation. The evaluation process includes the presentation of the thesis by the student to a wide audience. Presentations of theses can be organized in groups on fixed dates at least 4 times a year, and can be attended by all members of the academic community of the Department (teachers and students), as well as visitors.

Depending on the topic and the particularities of each thesis, the main evaluation criteria are indicatively:

• updating existing knowledge with appropriate bibliographic research,
• the correct presentation of bibliographic sources,
• constructing and solving or simulating the problem,
• the acquisition of data as a result of a theoretical calculation, or an experimental process, or their mining/collection;
• the computer processing of the collected data,
• the tests, applications and evaluation of results,
• its structure and written presentation (coherence of the text, correct use of terminology and language, precise formulation of concepts, compliance with writing standards),
• the scientifically correct documentation of the conclusions,
• the zeal and initiatives taken by the student during the preparation, and
• the oral presentation of the thesis.

The weighting factors of the above indicative criteria vary according to the nature of the subject and the assessments of the Examining Committee, whose members judge and score independently at their discretion. The grade of the thesis results from the average score of the members of the Committee. The minimum passing grade is 5 (five). The members of the Committee complete and submit to the Secretariat a relevant evaluation record, which includes the name of the student, the title of the thesis and the final grade. If a DE is deemed incomplete, it is referred for additional processing and returned for examination. All completed DEs are compulsorily deposited in the University’s institutional repository in accordance with the institutional repository policy, which is approved by the Senate. The submission of assignments by students is mandatory and is controlled by the Department Secretariat.

Ethics – Reservation of rights – Plagiarism The copyright of the thesis, according to the written provisions, belongs to those who contributed to its preparation (Institution, Department, supervisor, student). In the event that the scientific results of the work are patented, the current legislation applies to the owners of the rights arising from it. What is mentioned in the text of the thesis does not necessarily mean that they are identified or accepted by the Department. In any case, reference should be made to the authors of the paper, the title of the paper and the Department. All parties involved in the preparation of a DE are committed to comply with the Rules of Academic Conduct, as established by the Institution’s Ethics Committee. Plagiarism, in the sense of appropriating the intellectual property of others, often in the form of the author’s presentation, intentionally or unintentionally, of another person’s work, is condemned by the EM Department, and is not only a moral offense, but also violates copyright law. copyright and may result in legal penalties. Sources should always be clearly cited, whether this is text or unpublished ideas and opinions. Other actions that violate the codes of academic ethics and integrity, and are also reprehensible, include delegating part or all of an assignment to someone else, copying the work of others across the board, collaborating with students on an assignment without the supervisor’s knowledge. In connection with the previous points, each student should make it clear in the text of the DE what is the product of his own work and what is the product of another person’s work, making systematic reference to references and placing them where they should.