proportional representation in urdu meaning

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• IAS Preparation
• UPSC Preparation Strategy
• Proportional Representation

Proportional Representation (PR): Notes for UPSC Polity

Proportional Representation is a type of voting system used for elections in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them.

This concept is important with regards to the Polity section of the IAS exam.

How does Proportional Representation work?

Proportional Representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems in which divisions in an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. If n% of the electorate supports a particular political party as their favorite, then roughly n% of seats will be won by that party. The essence of such systems is that all votes contribute to the result—not just a plurality, or a bare majority.

Proportional Representation – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here

What are the systems employed in PR?

The most widely used families of PR electoral systems are party-list PR, the single transferable vote (STV), and mixed-member proportional representation (MMP).

With party list PR, political parties define candidate lists and voters vote for a list. The relative vote for each list determines how many candidates from each list are actually elected. Lists can be “closed” or “open”; open lists allow voters to indicate individual candidate preferences and vote for independent candidates. Voting districts can be small (as few as three seats in some districts in Chile or Ireland) or as large as a province or an entire nation.

To know how PR electoral systems were a part of Electoral Reforms in India , visit the linked article.

The single transferable vote uses multiple-member districts, with voters casting only one vote each but ranking individual candidates in order of preference (by providing backup preferences). During the count, as candidates are elected or eliminated, surplus or discarded votes that would otherwise be wasted are transferred to other candidates according to the preferences, forming consensus groups that elect surviving candidates. STV enables voters to vote across party lines, to choose the most preferred of a party’s candidates, and vote for independent candidates, knowing that if the candidate is not elected his/her vote will likely not be wasted if the voter marks backup preferences on the ballot.

Mixed member proportional representation (MMP), also called the additional member system (AMS), is a two-tier mixed electoral system combining local non-proportional plurality/majoritarian elections and a compensatory regional or national party list PR election. Voters typically have two votes, one for their single-member district and one for the party list, the party list vote determining the balance of the parties in the elected body.

Candidates can check the relevant links provided below to prepare for the upcoming Civil Services exam-

Relevant Questions regarding Proportional Representation

How is Proportional Representation practiced in India?

The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected indirectly, rather than by the citizens at large like how it is for the Lok Sabha . Rajya Sabha members are elected by each state’s Vidhan Sabha   (Legislative Assembly) using the single transferable vote system. Unlike most federal systems, the number of members returned by each state is roughly in proportion to their population

Find out more about the Rajya Sabha , by visiting the linked article

Is Proportional Representation fair?

Proportional Representation characterizes electoral systems in which divisions in an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. If n% of the electorate supports a particular political party as their favorite, then roughly n% of seats will be won by that party. So it is rather subjective to call it fair as the electorates can always be swayed in favor of liking a political party by any means necessary. Thus it is a bit of a stretch to say it’s fair.

For more articles and UPSC related preparation material visit the linked articles given in the table below:

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Meaning of proportional – Learner’s Dictionary

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(Definition of proportional from the Cambridge Learner's Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

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Representation meaning in Urdu

Representation synonyms, representation definitions.

1 of 5) Representation , Internal Representation , Mental Representation : تصور : (noun) a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image.

2 of 5) Representation : شبیہ : (noun) a creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something.

3 of 5) Representation : نمائندگی : (noun) the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf.

4 of 5) Representation , Agency , Delegacy : نمائندگی : (noun) the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent.

5 of 5) Representation , Histrionics , Theatrical , Theatrical Performance : تھیٹر پرفارمنس : (noun) a performance of a play.

Useful Words

Abstract Art : تصوراتی فن , Concrete Representation : تصور کا حقیقی اظہار , Illusion : وہم , Image : تصویر , Ghost : بھوت , Interpretation : تاویل , Digital Scanner : جائزہ کار آلہ , Effigy : بت وغیرہ کی شبیہ , Exposure : تصویر , Model : نمونہ , Duplicity : دوغلا پن , Account : وضاحت پیش کرنا , Symboliser : علامت پسند , Crucifix : عیسائیت , Adumbration : خاکہ , Caricature : تضحیکی خاکہ , Map : نقشہ , Proportional Representation : سیاسی جماعتوں کی نمائندگی , Computer Graphics : ڈیٹا سے بنی تصویر , Abstractionism : خیال پر مبنی , Mimesis : کسی دوسرے کی نقل , Percept : شعور , Graph : ترسیم , Ballet : گروہی رقص , Pieta : کنواری مریم کا ایک رنگین نقش , Cross : عیسائی مذہب کا نشان , Document : سوچ کی عکاسی کرنے والی کوئی چیز , Icon : تصویر , Pageant : نمائش , Iconoclastic : بت شکنی سے متعلق , Emoticon : چہرے کے تاثر پر مبنی کارٹون

Useful Words Definitions

Abstract Art: an abstract genre of art; artistic content depends on internal form rather than pictorial representation.

Concrete Representation: a representation of an abstract idea in concrete terms.

Illusion: an erroneous mental representation.

Image: an iconic mental representation.

Ghost: a mental representation of some haunting experience.

Interpretation: a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something.

Digital Scanner: an electronic device that generates a digital representation of an image for data input to a computer.

Effigy: a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture).

Exposure: a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material.

Model: representation of something (sometimes on a smaller scale).

Duplicity: a fraudulent or duplicitous representation.

Account: to give an account or representation of in words.

Symboliser: someone skilled in the interpretation or representation of symbols.

Crucifix: representation of the cross on which Jesus died.

Adumbration: a sketchy or imperfect or faint representation.

Caricature: a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect.

Map: a diagrammatic representation of the earth`s surface (or part of it).

Proportional Representation: representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote.

Computer Graphics: the pictorial representation and manipulation of data by a computer.

Abstractionism: a representation having no reference to concrete objects or specific examples.

Mimesis: the imitative representation of nature and human behavior in art and literature.

Percept: the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept.

Graph: a visual representation of the relations between certain quantities plotted with reference to a set of axes.

Ballet: a theatrical representation of a story that is performed to music by trained dancers.

Pieta: a representation of the Virgin Mary mourning over the dead body of Jesus.

Cross: a representation of the structure on which Jesus was crucified; used as an emblem of Christianity or in heraldry.

Document: anything serving as a representation of a person`s thinking by means of symbolic marks.

Icon: a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface.

Pageant: an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes.

Iconoclastic: destructive of images used in religious worship; said of religions, such as Islam, in which the representation of living things is prohibited.

Emoticon: a representation of a facial expression (as a smile or frown) created by typing a sequence of characters in sending email.

Related Words

State : حالت , Cooperation : تعاون , Creation : تخلیق , Stereotype : دقیانوسی , Performance : اداکاری , Matinee : دن کا ڈرامہ , Virus : مرض

Representation in Book Titles

Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Representation: Theory and Practice in Britain. Black Looks: Race and RepresentationFifty Years in Theatrical Management.

Next of Representation

Representative : an item of information that is typical of a class or group.

Previous of Representation

Repossession : the action of regaining possession (especially the seizure of collateral securing a loan that is in default).

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How this page explains Representation ?

It helps you understand the word Representation with comprehensive detail, no other web page in our knowledge can explain Representation better than this page. The page not only provides Urdu meaning of Representation but also gives extensive definition in English language. The definition of Representation is followed by practically usable example sentences which allow you to construct your own sentences based on it. You can also find multiple synonyms or similar words of Representation. All of this may seem less if you are unable to learn exact pronunciation of Representation, so we have embedded mp3 recording of native Englishman, simply click on speaker icon and listen how English speaking people pronounce Representation. We hope this page has helped you understand Representation in detail, if you find any mistake on this page, please keep in mind that no human being can be perfect.

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Showing results for "purport"

جائیداد والا

preparative

Proportioned, proprietorship, proportionateness, preparatory school.

ابتدائی مدرسہ

preparatory tuning

Proportional representation.

متناسب نمائندگی

ownership, property, possessions

proprietory

Preparatory.

سائنسی اَغراض کے لِيے نَمُونے تَيّار کرنے والا

proportional

Proprietary, proportioning, proportionate, proportionable.

اندازے کے قابل

proportionality

Puuraa-puuraa utarnaa, paa.d-partal, urdu words for purport, purport के उर्दू अर्थ, purport کے اردو معانی, tags for purport.

English meaning of purport , purport meaning in english, purport translation and definition in English. purport का मतलब (मीनिंग) अंग्रेजी (इंग्लिश) में जाने | Khair meaning in hindi

Top Searched Words

today, present moment

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Critique us ( purport )

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