essay on science day

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Essay on Science Day - 100, 200, 500 words

Science Day is celebrated to honour the contributions of scientists and their discoveries, promote scientific knowledge and innovation, and encourage young people to pursue careers in science. Here are some sample essays on science day.

100 Words Essay on Science Day

Science Day is a significant event that is celebrated globally to mark the anniversary of the discovery of the Raman Effect by the Indian physicist, Sir C.V. Raman, on February 28, 1928. The day aims to create awareness about the importance of science and its contributions to society.

The world in which we now live has been significantly shaped by science. It has revolutionised a number of industries, including agriculture, technology, communication, and medical. Humans have accomplished amazing things thanks to science, like travelling to the moon, curing terrible diseases, and enhancing the lives of billions of people.

200 Words Essay on Science Day

500 words essay on science day, theme of science day.

Essay on Science Day - 100, 200, 500 words

Science Day provides an excellent opportunity to celebrate the achievements of scientists and their contributions to society. It also serves as a reminder that we must continue to invest in scientific research and innovation to address the pressing issues facing our planet.

The theme of Science Day varies each year, but the focus is always on promoting scientific knowledge and encouraging young people to pursue careers in science. Science Day celebrations often involve various events, such as science exhibitions, lectures, workshops, and competitions.

Science Day is particularly important for developing countries, where scientific research and education are often underfunded and undervalued. It provides a platform to highlight the need for increased investment in science and technology to address the challenges facing these countries, such as poverty, hunger, and disease.

In conclusion, Science Day is a significant celebration of scientists' accomplishments and their contributions to society. It offers a chance to emphasise the value of innovative scientific research in resolving the problems now affecting our planet. Science Day serves as a reminder that we must continue to invest in scientific knowledge and innovation to build a brighter future for everybody while also inspiring young people to seek professions in science.

In order to inspire young people to pursue science as a profession and to support scientific innovation and research in India, National Science Day is celebrated with a variety of activities, including science displays, seminars, and lectures.

History of Science Day

Science Day commemorates Sir C.V. Raman, an Indian physicist, who discovered the Raman Effect on February 28, 1928. The Raman Effect is a phenomenon in which a beam of light passing through a transparent material is scattered in a way that the frequency of the light changes. Raman received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his discovery, which represented a substantial advance in the realm of physics.

About C.V. Raman

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, also known as C.V. Raman, was an Indian physicist who made significant contributions to the field of optics and scattering of light. He was born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India, and passed away on November 21, 1970, in Bangalore, India.

To honour C.V. Raman's contributions to the field of science, the Government of India declared February 28th as National Science Day in 1986. This day marks the anniversary of Raman's discovery of the Raman effect.

Why Is Science Day Celebrated

The purpose of Science Day is to raise public awareness of the value of science and its contributions to society. It provides a chance to recognise the accomplishments of scientists and their contributions to society. The day offers a forum for advancing scientific knowledge and inspiring young people to enter the scientific field of work.

In underdeveloped nations, where scientific research and education are frequently underfunded and neglected, Science Day is especially significant. It offers a chance to draw attention to the requirement for higher spending on research and technology in order to address the problems that these nations face, such as hunger, poverty, and illness.

The theme of Science Day varies each year and is chosen to focus on a specific area of science, innovation, or technology. The theme aims to create awareness and understanding about the importance of science in our daily lives and the contributions of science to society. Here are some examples of Science Day themes from recent years:

2021: "Future of STI: Impacts on Education, Skills and Work" - The theme focused on how science, technology, and innovation (STI) are transforming education, skills, and work and how to ensure that everyone benefits from these transformations.

2020: "Women in Science" - The theme aims to celebrate the achievements of women in science and promote gender equality in science and technology.

2019: "Science for the People, and People for the Science" - The theme highlighted the importance of science for the people and the need for science to serve society and contribute to solving global challenges.

2018: "Science and Technology for a Sustainable Future" - The theme emphasised the role of science and technology in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and creating a sustainable future for all.

The theme of Science Day is chosen to inspire and engage people to learn more about science, its impact on our lives, and the importance of investing in science and technology for a better future.

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Essay on Science Day

The National Science Day is celebrated on 28th February every year. The day is to commemorate the famous Indian Physicist Sir C.V. Raman’s discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’. Moreover, Science Day is a day where people can learn about science and its impact on our lives. It can also be a way to get children excited about science and what they might want to do in the future. On Science Day, different events are conducted worldwide to promote science and give people the opportunity to participate in hands-on experiments. BYJU’S essay on Science Day helps us know some notable achievements and the objectives of celebrating Science Day.

The wonder of science is immeasurable, and we must respect the significant innovations. The National Science Day is an annual celebration of science and technology in India. It was first observed in 1987. Moreover, Science Day is celebrated across the country in schools, colleges, and universities. National Science Day is also celebrated in research institutes, medical colleges, and science institutes. Now, let us learn some objectives of celebrating Science Day by reading an essay on Science Day in English.

Objectives of Celebrating National Science Day

National Science Day is celebrated to spread awareness and a message about the importance of scientific theories and applications in everyday life. The Science Day essay in English explains to us, in brief, the need to celebrate Science Day.

The objective of celebrating Science Day is to display the efforts, accomplishments and activities in the scientific field for human welfare. Moreover, science enthusiasts and scientists discuss theories of science in everyday life and methods to improve technologies.

About Sir C.V. Raman

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, famously known as Sir C.V. Raman, was born on 7 November 1888 in Tiruchirapalli, Madras Presidency, British India. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the famous ‘Raman Effect’, also known as ‘Scattering of Light’, in 1930.

Sir Raman is known for his significant contributions to the vibration and sound field, such as musical instruments, diffraction, ultrasonic, X-ray diffraction, dielectrics, colloid optics, photo-electricity and the Raman Effect.

Sir C.V. Raman has won many notable awards, such as Fellow of the Royal Society (1924), Matteucci Medal (1928), Knight Bachelor (1930), Hughes Medal (1930), Nobel Prize in Physics (1930), Bharat Ratna (1954), Lenin Peace Prize (1957), etc.

BYJU’S essay on Science Day teaches us the objectives and life history of Sir C.V. Raman. It also points out that Science Day is celebrated based on different themes like Our Altering Earth (1999), Science for the People, and the People for Science (2019) and Women in Science (2020). For more kids learning activities like stories , GK questions and poems , visit BYJU’S website.

Frequently Asked Questions on Essay on Science Day

Why is national science day celebrated.

National Science Day is celebrated to commemorate the famous Indian Physicist Sir C.V. Raman’s discovery of the ‘Raman Effect.’ Science Day is celebrated to keep people aware and spread a message about the importance of scientific theories and applications in everyday life.

What are some notable contributions of Sir C.V. Raman?

Sir C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the famous ‘Raman Effect’, also known as ‘Scattering of Light’, in 1930. He is also known for his significant contributions to the vibration and sound field, namely, musical instruments, diffraction, ultrasonic, x-ray diffraction, dielectrics, colloid optics, photo-electricity and the Raman Effect.

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National Science Day – February 28, 2025

National Science Day on February 28 each year marks a special celebration for Indians. It’s the anniversary of the day Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman made a significant scientific discovery. Today, National Science Day showcases the importance of science in everyday life and gives regular people an opportunity to see how scientific innovation can improve lives and encourage societal development. Many scientific centers and institutions hold debates, scientific competitions, lectures, T.V. shows, and even public speeches to celebrate this day. If you’re passionate about science and will be pursuing a science degree, have a look at these science scholarships for some funding.

History of National Science Day

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, more commonly known as C.V. Raman was a gifted child. He finished school very early, completing his secondary education at 11 and his higher secondary education at 13, later receiving his bachelor’s degree at 16. While he’d studied physics — passing with honors — he took up accounting as a ‘safe choice,’ only quitting when he was finally offered a teaching position at a college in Calcutta (now Kolkata), in India, in 1917.

Four years later, on a trip to Europe, Raman first noticed the striking blue color of icebergs and the Mediterranean Sea. He couldn’t figure out how this color appeared and set out to disprove the prevailing theory of the time, which alleged that the sunlight scattered upon entering Earth’s atmosphere, causing different colors to appear.

Raman began conducting experiments by himself, later assigning research responsibilities to his student, K.S. Krishnan. They discovered that when light passes through a transparent material, some light emerges scattering in different directions.

These results, published in 1928, took the scientific community by storm, so much so that Raman fully expected to be awarded the Nobel Prize in the same year. He was overlooked that year and the following year. However, Raman’s confidence in his discovery did not waver and he was so sure of himself that he booked two tickets — one for himself and one for his wife — on a steamship to Stockholm in July when the announcement of the Nobel Prize would be in November. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics that year, drawing attention to his work and the Indian scientific community.

National Science Day timeline

Adolf Smekal, an Austrian physicist, describes the scattering of light effect, but it’s only still a theory.

A week before Raman publishes his now-famous theory, Soviet physicists Grigory Landsberg and Leonid Mandelstam observe the scattering of light effect in crystals, but they publish their paper months after Raman and, thus, are not recognized as the original discoverers of this effect.

Physicist Peter Pringsheim from the University of Berlin studies and reproduces Raman's theory of scattered light perfectly, calling this effect the Raman Effect.

The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (N.C.S.T.C.) asks the Government of India to declare February 28 as National Science Day to promote science and scientific thought.

The National Council for Science and Technology Communication promotes this event by announcing special National Science Popularization awards, which award scholarships, grants, and other prizes to winners.

National Science Day FAQ s

What is the theme of national science day in 2022.

India celebrates with science-oriented themes each year to bring more attention to this area of learning. Past themes ranged from information technology to waste management, and 2022’s theme is an ‘integrated approach in science and technology for a sustainable future.’

What is the importance of National Science Day?

Celebrated in November, World Science Day highlights the importance of science in society and the need to engage the public in debates on emerging scientific issues. It also underlines the importance and relevance of science in our daily lives

How do we celebrate National Science Day?')

Colleges and science institutes across the country celebrate National Science Day by organizing public speeches, lectures, debates, quiz competitions, science model exhibitions, science movies, and science exhibitions on themes and concepts.

National Science Day Activities

Read up on c.v. raman.

Learn more about this influential scientific pioneer whose work inspired generations of scientists. Read his scientific papers, watch movies about his life, or check out how his accomplishments influenced the global science community.

Celebrate science

Honor the underlying theme of this day — celebrate science and exploration in all its forms. Discover new theories you never knew before, perform your own scientific experiments, and watch scientific greats talk about their love for this branch of learning.

Encourage scientific exploration

Share your love of science with others around you. Introduce them to this day, to C.V. Raman, and to various innovations that use science to make our lives better.

5 Facts You Need To Know About C.V. Raman

A man of firsts.

Raman made history as the first 'non-white' person, the first Asian, and the first Indian to win the Nobel for his work.

He quit a major fellowship

The Royal Society of London elected Raman as a Fellow in 1924, an honor given only to a few; he resigned for reasons unknown, becoming the very first Indian Fellow to do so.

He was knighted too

His work on the Raman Effect saw him get knighted by the British government in India; his official title was 'Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman.'

He pioneered Indian research

He was the main contributor to most research institutions built in India during his active years, including the Indian Journal of Physics and the Indian Academy of Sciences.

He stayed true to science

He opposed the then-prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru's, policies on scientific research so much that he smashed his 'Bharat Ratna' medallion — which is the highest civilian award given to Indians — given to him by Nehru.

Why We Love National Science Day

We love science.

It brings order to a chaotic world. It gives us answers to questions we didn't know we had and is a constant journey of amazing discovery.

We think scientific efforts need honoring

We're all for highlighting efforts people make towards science in the interest of more exploration and invention in this field. This day honors them.

We learn about science in everyday life

National Science Day provides regular people with an opportunity to develop an interest in science by understanding how this branch of learning can solve everyday problems. This, in turn, increases the interest in science and scientific activities.

National Science Day dates

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Essay on National Science Day

Students are often asked to write an essay on National Science Day in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on National Science Day

Introduction.

National Science Day is a significant day in India, celebrated on 28th February. The day marks the discovery of the Raman Effect by physicist Sir C.V. Raman, a Nobel laureate.

Significance

The day aims to spread a message about the importance of scientific applications in daily life. It encourages students to adopt science as a career option.

Various activities like exhibitions, lectures, and science models are organized in schools and colleges. These events foster scientific temperament among students.

National Science Day is a tribute to India’s scientific advancements and a reminder of the role science plays in our lives.

Also check:

Paragraph on National Science Day
Speech on National Science Day

250 Words Essay on National Science Day

National Science Day is a significant event celebrated in India on February 28th each year. It commemorates the discovery of the Raman Effect by Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman in 1928, a contribution that earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

Significance of National Science Day

The day holds great importance as it highlights the contributions of science to society. It promotes the popularization of scientific ideas and the importance of scientific temper among the masses. The day encourages young minds to embrace science as a viable and exciting career path, igniting their curiosity and fostering innovation.

Themes and Celebrations

Every year, National Science Day is marked by a specific theme addressing a key area of concern, such as ‘Science for the People and the People for Science’ in 2019. The theme directs the focus of the celebrations and discussions.

The day is celebrated with great enthusiasm across educational institutions, research laboratories, and science museums. Activities include science exhibitions, lectures, debates, quiz competitions, and presentations to engage students and the general public alike.

National Science Day is not just a celebration, but a reminder of the pivotal role that science plays in our lives. It is a day to acknowledge the scientific advancements that have shaped our world and to inspire future generations to contribute to this ongoing journey of discovery. In essence, it is a day to celebrate the spirit of inquiry and the joy of scientific exploration.

500 Words Essay on National Science Day

National Science Day is a significant event celebrated annually in India on February 28th. This day commemorates the discovery of the Raman Effect by Indian physicist Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman in 1928, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. National Science Day is not merely a celebration of this achievement but a recognition of the importance of science in our daily lives and its potential in shaping our future.

The Significance of National Science Day

National Science Day serves to foster scientific temper among the citizens of India. It is an opportunity to promote the importance of scientific applications in daily life and encourage young minds to develop an interest in science. The day is marked by numerous activities including lectures, quiz competitions, exhibitions, and public speeches across the nation’s schools, colleges, and scientific institutions. The theme for each year’s celebration is meticulously chosen to reflect current scientific advancements and their implications on society.

The Role of Science in Society

Science plays a pivotal role in our society. It is the driving force behind technological advancements that have revolutionized our lives. From healthcare to communication, transportation to agriculture, every sector has been transformed by scientific innovations. National Science Day serves as a reminder of the critical role science plays in societal progress. It encourages us to appreciate the scientific developments we often take for granted and inspires us to contribute to future advancements.

Science and Education

Education is a key area where the influence of science is profound. National Science Day promotes scientific literacy, encouraging students to understand and apply scientific principles. It emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are integral to scientific inquiry. This day encourages educational institutions to foster a learning environment that promotes curiosity, creativity, and a passion for science.

Challenges and Future Directions

Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of science, numerous challenges persist. These include a lack of resources for scientific research, a shortage of skilled scientific personnel, and a societal mindset that sometimes views science with skepticism. National Science Day serves as a platform to address these issues and discuss potential solutions. It is an opportunity to advocate for increased investment in scientific research and education, and to promote a culture that values and understands science.

National Science Day is more than a celebration of a historic scientific achievement. It is a call to action, a reminder of the importance of science in our lives and its potential to shape our future. It is an opportunity to foster a scientific temper among citizens, promote scientific literacy, and address the challenges facing scientific advancement. As we celebrate National Science Day, let us remember its true essence: a commitment to understanding, exploring, and leveraging the power of science for the betterment of society.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

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Happy National Science Day 2023: Five Unique Speech And Essay Ideas For School Students And Teachers

Happy National Science Day 2023: Check below some easy speech and essay ideas for students and teachers to celebrate the occasion of National Science Day.

By Prerna Targhotra
Updated: Tue, 28 Feb 2023 07:59 AM (IST)
Source: JND
Google News

national-science-day-2023-easy-speech-and-essay-ideas-for-teachers-and-students

Essay on National Science Day

500+ words essay on national science day.

National Science day is celebrated every year on 28 th February to mark the discovery of RAMAN EFFECT by renowned Indian Physicist Sir C.V.Raman. This day was observed on the recommendation of National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC ) to the Government of India. It was first observed in the year 1987. The event is celebrated across several educational institutions viz Schools, colleges, universities, etc with great zeal. It is also observed in various medical, science and research institutions across India. Various themes were assigned with National Science day since the year 1999.

“ Our Altering Earth ” was the first theme for National Science Day- 1999.

“ Women in Science” is The theme for National Science Day-2020.

The theme for National Science Day-2019 was “ Science for the People, and the People for Science”

Objectives of celebrating National Science Day

National Science Day is being celebrated every year to widely spread a message about the significance of scientific applications in the daily life of the people.

To display all the activities, efforts and achievements in the field of science for human welfare.
To discuss all the issues and implement new technologies for the development of science.
To give an opportunity to the scientific-minded citizens in the country.
To encourage the people as well as popularize Science and Technology.

About Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman

Sir C.V.Raman was a renowned physician born in 1888. He was awarded Noble Prize in Physics for his discovery of ‘ Scattering of Light’ famously known as ‘ The Raman Effect’. Sir C.V.Raman is remembered for his major contributions in the field of vibration and sound, musical instruments, ultrasonic, diffraction, metrological and colloid optics photo-electricity, x-ray diffraction, magnetism, dielectrics and the Raman Effect.

Also read: Concept of Green Building and Benefits

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Essay on Science: Sample for Students in 100,200 Words

Updated on
Oct 28, 2023

Science, the relentless pursuit of knowledge and understanding, has ignited the flames of human progress for centuries. It’s a beacon guiding us through the uncharted realms of the universe, unlocking secrets that shape our world. In this blog, we embark on an exhilarating journey through the wonders of science. We’ll explore the essence of science and its profound impact on our lives. With this we will also provide you with sample essay on science in 100 and 200 words.

Must Read: Essay On Internet

What Is Science?

Science is a systematic pursuit of knowledge about the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis. It aims to understand the underlying principles governing the universe, from the smallest particles to the vast cosmos. Science plays a crucial role in advancing technology, improving our understanding of life and the environment, and driving innovation for a better future.

Branches Of Science

The major branches of science can be categorized into the following:

Physical Science: This includes physics and chemistry, which study the fundamental properties of matter and energy.
Biological Science : Also known as life sciences, it encompasses biology, genetics, and ecology, focusing on living organisms and their interactions.
Earth Science: Geology, meteorology, and oceanography fall under this category, investigating the Earth’s processes, climate, and natural resources.
Astronomy : The study of celestial objects, space, and the universe, including astrophysics and cosmology.
Environmental Science : Concentrating on environmental issues, it combines aspects of biology, chemistry, and Earth science to address concerns like climate change and conservation.
Social Sciences : This diverse field covers anthropology, psychology, sociology, and economics, examining human behavior, society, and culture.
Computer Science : Focused on algorithms, data structures, and computing technology, it drives advancements in information technology.
Mathematics : A foundational discipline, it underpins all sciences, providing the language and tools for scientific analysis and modeling.

Wonders Of Science

Science has numerous applications that profoundly impact our lives and society: Major applications of science are stated below:

Medicine: Scientific research leads to the development of vaccines, medicines, and medical technologies, improving healthcare and saving lives.
Technology: Science drives technological innovations, from smartphones to space exploration.
Energy: Advances in physics and chemistry enable the development of renewable energy sources, reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
Agriculture: Biology and genetics improve crop yields, while chemistry produces fertilizers and pesticides.
Environmental Conservation : Scientific understanding informs efforts to protect ecosystems and combat climate change.
Transportation : Physics and engineering create efficient and sustainable transportation systems.
Communication : Physics and computer science underpin global communication networks.
Space Exploration : Astronomy and physics facilitate space missions, expanding our understanding of the cosmos.

Must Read: Essay On Scientific Discoveries

Sample Essay On Science in 100 words

Science, the bedrock of human progress, unveils the mysteries of our universe through empirical investigation and reason. Its profound impact permeates every facet of modern life. In medicine, it saves countless lives with breakthroughs in treatments and vaccines. Technology, a child of science, empowers communication and innovation. Agriculture evolves with scientific methods, ensuring food security. Environmental science guides conservation efforts, preserving our planet. Space exploration fuels dreams of interstellar travel.

Yet, science requires responsibility, as unchecked advancement can harm nature and society. Ethical dilemmas arise, necessitating careful consideration. Science, a double-edged sword, holds the potential for both salvation and destruction, making it imperative to harness its power wisely for the betterment of humanity.

Sample Essay On Science in 250 words

Science, often regarded as humanity’s greatest intellectual endeavor, plays an indispensable role in shaping our world and advancing our civilization.

At its core, science is a methodical pursuit of knowledge about the natural world. Through systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis, it seeks to uncover the underlying principles that govern our universe. This process has yielded profound insights into the workings of the cosmos, from the subatomic realm to the vastness of space.

One of the most remarkable contributions of science is to the field of medicine. Through relentless research and experimentation, scientists have discovered vaccines, antibiotics, and groundbreaking treatments for diseases that once claimed countless lives.

Furthermore, science has driven technological advancements that have reshaped society. The rapid progress in computing, for instance, has revolutionized communication, industry, and research. From the ubiquitous smartphones in our pockets to the complex algorithms that power our digital lives, science, and technology are inseparable partners in progress.

Environmental conservation is another critical arena where science is a guiding light. Climate change, a global challenge, is addressed through rigorous scientific study and the development of sustainable practices. Science empowers us to understand the impact of human activities on our planet and to make informed decisions to protect it.

In conclusion, science is not just a field of study; it is a driving force behind human progress. As we continue to explore the frontiers of knowledge, science will remain the beacon guiding us toward a brighter future.

Science is a boon due to innovations, medical advancements, and a deeper understanding of nature, improving human lives exponentially.

Galileo Galilei is known as the Father of Science.

Science can’t address questions about personal beliefs, emotions, ethics, or matters of subjective experience beyond empirical observation and measurement.

We hope this blog gave you an idea about how to write and present an essay on science that puts forth your opinions. The skill of writing an essay comes in handy when appearing for standardized language tests. Thinking of taking one soon? Leverage Edu provides the best online test prep for the same via Leverage Live . Register today to know more!

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National Science Day Speech in English – Short, Long and 10 Lines Speech

Published by team sy on february 28, 2024 february 28, 2024.

National Science Day Speech 2024: National Science Day is celebrated in India on 28th February every year to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman, a renowned Indian physicist. The day is an opportunity to celebrate the contributions of Indian scientists to the field of science and technology and to promote scientific temper in society. National Science Day is celebrated with various events and activities, including science exhibitions, seminars, and lectures. The day’s theme is usually centered around science and technology, and its impact on society and the future. In 2024, the theme for National Science Day is “Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat”. Let’s check the speech on national science day in India 2024 now.

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Table of Contents

Short Speech on National Science Day in India

Below is the National Science Day speech in English in a short format.

Today, we celebrate National Science Day to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman. This discovery, which earned Raman the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, marked a significant milestone in the field of science and put India on the world map of scientific research.

National Science Day is an occasion to recognize the contributions of our scientists and their role in shaping the world we live in. It is also a reminder of the importance of scientific inquiry in driving progress and innovation in various fields, including healthcare, technology, and energy.

As we celebrate National Science Day, let us also acknowledge the challenges facing the scientific community, including funding constraints and the need for increased collaboration across borders and disciplines. Let us commit ourselves to support scientific research and encouraging more young people to pursue careers in science and technology.

In conclusion, I would like to extend my warmest wishes to all the scientists, researchers, and innovators on this National Science Day. Your work is critical to building a brighter future for all of us, and we are grateful for your dedication and contributions to society.

Attempt National Science Day Quiz Now!

Download the Speech on National Science Day in India Now!

Long Speech on National Science Day in India

Below is the national science day speech in English in a long format.

Dear distinguished guests, esteemed scientists, and my fellow citizens,

I am honored to address you on this momentous occasion of National Science Day. On this day, we celebrate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman, one of India’s most celebrated physicists, whose work has inspired generations of scientists in our country and beyond.

The Raman Effect was a groundbreaking discovery that paved the way for the development of modern physics and changed the course of scientific research. This discovery not only earned Sir C.V. Raman the Nobel Prize in Physics but also put India on the global scientific map.

National Science Day is a reminder of the role that science and technology play in shaping our world. It is a celebration of the scientific achievements of our past, present, and future. It is also an opportunity to recognize the contributions of our scientists, engineers, and innovators who have made significant contributions to science and technology.

As we celebrate National Science Day, let us also reflect on the challenges facing the scientific community. Funding constraints, the lack of infrastructure, and the need for greater collaboration across borders and disciplines are some of the challenges that we must overcome to unlock the full potential of science and technology.

Science is essential to the development of our society and economy. It is the engine that drives innovation and progress in various fields, including healthcare, agriculture, energy, and education. Scientific research has the power to address some of the most pressing challenges facing our world today, from climate change to poverty and inequality.

On this National Science Day, let us commit ourselves to support scientific research and innovation. Let us encourage young people to pursue careers in science and technology and provide them with the necessary resources and infrastructure to excel. We must also promote greater collaboration across borders and disciplines to tackle complex challenges that require interdisciplinary approaches.

In conclusion, I would like to extend my warmest wishes to all the scientists, researchers, and innovators on this National Science Day. Your work is critical to building a better future for all of us, and we are grateful for your dedication and contributions to society. Let us continue to work together to advance scientific research and innovation and make a positive impact on our world.

Check Quotes on National Science Day Here!

10 Lines on National Science Day in India

Below is the 10 lines national science day speech in English.

National Science Day is celebrated on 28th February every year in India.
It commemorates the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928.
The Raman Effect is a phenomenon in which light changes its wavelength when it passes through a medium.
The discovery of the Raman Effect earned Sir C.V. Raman the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.
National Science Day is an opportunity to recognize the contributions of Indian scientists to the field of science and technology.
It is also a day to encourage more young people to pursue careers in science and technology.
National Science Day highlights the importance of scientific research in driving progress and innovation in various fields.
The theme for National Science Day 2024 is “ Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat .”
The day is celebrated with various events and activities, including science exhibitions, seminars, and lectures.
National Science Day is a reminder of the crucial role that science and technology play in shaping our world and improving the lives of people.

How to Deliver National Science Day speech?

If you are delivering a National Science Day in India speech, here are some tips that can help you deliver a compelling and engaging speech:

Start with an attention-grabbing opening statement: You can start your speech with a quote, a story, a statistic, or an interesting fact related to science and technology. This will capture the audience’s attention and make them interested in listening to the rest of your speech.
Introduce the topic: Briefly introduce the topic of National Science Day and its significance. Talk about the discovery of the Raman Effect and its impact on science and technology.
Structure your speech: Divide your speech into sections and organize your thoughts logically. This will help you stay on track and deliver a coherent speech. You can start with an introduction, move on to the significance of science and technology, and end with a conclusion.
Use simple language: Make sure you use simple and easy-to-understand language. Avoid technical jargon that may confuse your audience.
Use visuals: You can use visuals such as charts, diagrams, and pictures to explain complex concepts. This will help your audience understand your speech better and keep them engaged.
Engage your audience: Ask questions, encourage participation, and provide real-life examples to make your speech more engaging. You can also use humour to keep your audience interested.
Conclude with a strong message: End your speech with a strong and memorable message. Summarize your key points and emphasize the importance of science and technology in our lives.

Remember, a successful speech is not just about the content, but also about how you deliver it. Practice your speech beforehand, maintain eye contact with the audience, and speak with confidence and enthusiasm. Good luck!

National Science Day Speech – FAQs

National Science Day is celebrated in India on 28th February every year to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman, a famous Indian physicist.

National Science Day is celebrated to recognize the contributions of Indian scientists and to encourage more young people to pursue careers in science and technology. It also highlights the importance of scientific research in driving progress and innovation in various fields.

Sir C.V. Raman was an Indian physicist who made significant contributions to the field of science and technology. He is best known for discovering the Raman Effect, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

The Raman Effect is a phenomenon in which the wavelength of light changes when it passes through a medium. It was discovered by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928 and has since had significant applications in various fields, including chemistry and material science.

National Science Day is celebrated with various events and activities, including science exhibitions, seminars, and lectures. The day’s theme is usually centered around science and technology, and its impact on society and the future.

The theme for National Science Day 2024 in “Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat”.

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Science and Technology

National Science Day 2024: History, Theme, Celebrations & Significance

National Science Day (28 February) is the day when India commemorates the discovery of Raman Effect along with appreciating the contributions of our scientific community. With the theme of “ Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat “, the nation is all set to celebrate National Science Day 2024 on 28th February 2024 . As India commemorates the achievements of our scientific community on this special day, this article of NEXT IAS presents a detailed account of National Science Day, including its history, significance, and more.

About National Science Day (NSD)

National Science Day in India is celebrated annually on February 28 to commemorate the discovery of “Raman Effect” by Indian physicist Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (C.V. Raman). The occasion also serves as a platform to appreciate and raise public awareness about the contributions of our scientific community toward the development of our nation.

Key Facts about National Science Day

History of national science day (nsd) in india.

The history of National Science Day in India dates back to the late 1920s. The chronology of its origins and evolution in India is explained below.

1928: The Discovery of Raman Effect

On 28 February 1928 , an Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman made the remarkable discovery of the phenomenon of scattering of light in inelastic collisions with molecules of matter.
This discovery later came to be named after its discoverer as the “Raman Effect” .

1930: Sir C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize

The discovery of Raman Effect revolutionized our understanding of light-matter interactions and left transformative impacts on various branches of science. Recognizing its importance, Sir C.V. Raman was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.
With an Indian scientist becoming the first Asian to receive the Nobel Prize in any branch of science, it was a significant milestone for Indian science. Along with vindicating India’s scientific prowess, it placed India on the global scientific map.

1986: Proposal from the NCSTC

In 1986, the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC) proposed to the Government of India to designate the date of discovery of Raman Effect i.e. February 28 as National Science Day.
The idea behind NCSTC’s proposal was to celebrate the pathbreaking discovery of Raman Effect as well as encourage scientific thinking and awareness among the Indian population.
In 1986 itself, the Government accepted NCSTS’s proposal and formally declared 28 February as National Science Day to be celebrated annually in India.

1987: The First National Science Day

The first official celebration of National Science Day in India was held on 28 February 1987. Since then, it has become a pivotal event in the academic and scientific communities across India, promoting science and scientific temper among the general populace.

Celebrations of National Science Day in India

The celebration of National Science Day in India is marked by a range of official and public events across the country. Government bodies, educational institutions, scientific institutions, etc organize various programs across the country to celebrate the National Day of Science.

Here is an overview of some common types of events that take place as part of National Science Day celebrations in India:

Conferment of National Awards for Science & Technology Communication to recognize outstanding efforts in popularizing science among the masses and motivating young minds towards scientific pursuits.
Radio and television programs, aimed at promoting scientific ideas and thinking.
Organization of science exhibitions, interactive workshops, lectures, etc by educational institutions.
Research institutions organize exhibitions of their works, showcasing the latest advancements and achievements in various scientific fields.
Non-Governmental Organisations and Community Groups also host events, making science accessible to a broader audience.

Objectives of National Science Day Celebration

Though the day mainly commemorates a historic scientific discovery by an Indian scientist, the celebrations of National Day of Science revolve around multiple objectives. Some of the prominent objectives of National Science Day celebrations can be seen as follows:

Spreading the message of the importance of science and its application in daily life.
To encourage the youth to engage in scientific activities and consider careers in science and technology
Inculcating scientific temper and fostering a culture of innovation among the general public.

National Science Day 2024 Celebrations

Like every year, India is celebrating National Science Day (NSD) 2024 on 28th February 2024 . As per the Department of Science and Technology, this year’s celebrations of National Science Day will be based on the theme of “ Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat ”.

With a strategic focus on home-grown technologies, the theme for 2024 National Science Day carries special significance as explained in the section below.

Theme for National Science Day 2024

Each year, the Department of Science and Technology declares a theme for National Science Day Celebrations that highlights a crucial aspect of India’s scientific endeavor and its social implications. These themes reflect the versatile role that science plays in addressing contemporary challenges.

The theme for National Science Day 2024 celebrations has been decided as “Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat” . The multifarious significance of this theme can be seen as follows:

Reflects a strategic focus on promoting public awareness and appreciation for the indigenization of Science, Technology, and Innovation
Applauds and promotes the accomplishments of the Indian scientific fraternity to address challenges in the nation’s progress through home-grown technologies.
Marks a new era of opportunity for the public and scientific fraternity, both domestically and internationally, to collaborate and work together toward contributing to the well-being of India and humanity as a whole.
Emphasizes the importance of science in making India Atmanirbhar.
Reaffirms the vision of Amrit Kaal – “Viksit Bharat @2047”.

Significance of National Science Day Celebrations

In a rapidly changing world where scientific and technological advancements are reshaping societies, the annual celebration of National Day of Science holds immense significance for several reasons as listed below:

Encourages our Scientists : A national celebration commemorating the discovery of Raman Effect is akin to honoring the whole scientific community of our nation. This encourages them to foster their scientific endeavors.
Promotes Awareness about Science : Outreach programs organized as part of National Day of Science celebrations help broaden public understanding of various scientific concepts and recent advancements.
Promotes Scientific Temper : Various lectures, debates, quizzes, and exhibitions held on this day educate people about the latest scientific advancements and inculcate scientific temper and rational thinking in them. Thus, it helps implement a Fundamental Duty enshrined in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution .
Sparks Curiosity in Young Minds : Engaging activities like exhibitions, workshops, and science fairs expose children to science in a fun and interactive way, instilling a passion for it.
Highlights Advancements in Indian Science : National Science Day serves as a showcase for the latest achievements and initiatives in various scientific fields across India. This fosters national pride and inspires future generations to pursue scientific careers.
Encourages International Collaboration : By celebrating science nationally, India demonstrates its commitment to scientific progress and opens doors for collaborations with international scientific communities.
Strengthens Scientific Foundation : By inspiring future generations to contribute to scientific progress and address global challenges through science, it strengthens the scientific foundation of our nation.

Much more than just a commemoration of the historic scientific discovery of Raman Effect, the significance of National Science Day celebration lies in reflecting India’s ongoing journey to becoming a global scientific superpower. By honoring the past, celebrating the present, and envisioning the future, it plays a crucial role in shaping India’s scientific progress. It is a day that reaffirms the nation’s collective aspiration to explore and innovate for a better tomorrow where science and technology are harnessed to create a more equitable, sustainable, and prosperous world for all.

Related Concepts

What is raman effect.

Raman Effect, in a nutshell, refers to the change in the wavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is scattered and deflected by molecules of matter.

When a monochromatic beam of light traverses a dust-free, transparent sample of any substance, its light photons undergo inelastic collisions with the molecules of the substance. These collisions make a part of the incident light scatter in directions other than that of the incident beam. Based on the energy exchange during the light-molecule interaction, the scattered light consists of one of the following types of light waves:

Rayleigh Lines : Most of the light bounce back unchanged. Thus, a large portion of the scattered light has the wavelength same as that of the incident light. This is called Rayleigh Scattering.
Stokes Raman Lines : A small part of the scattered light loses energy to the molecules of the substance, bouncing back with a lower energy. Thus, it has a wavelength higher than that of the incident light. This is known as Stokes Raman Scattering.
Anti-Stokes Raman Lines : Very rarely, some portion of the scattered light gains energy from the interacted molecule, bouncing back with a higher energy. Thus, it has a wavelength shorter than that of the incident light. This is called Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering.

Thus, Stokes Raman Lines and Anti-Stoke Raman Lines have wavelengths different from that of the incident light. This phenomenon of the change in wavelength of some part of the scattered light is called Raman Effect.

Applications of Raman Effect

Raman Effect is utilized in Raman Spectroscopy, a method employed for determining and examining the chemical composition of substances.

The basis of this technique is that the amount and nature of changes caused in the wavelength of the scattered light is unique to each molecule and provides information about its vibrational and rotational energy states. By analyzing this change, scientists can identify the molecule and study its structure, composition, and other properties.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on National Science Day

What is national science day.

National Science Day is an annual celebration in India, observed on February 28th, to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Indian physicist Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman on this day in 1928.

When is National Science Day Celebrated in India?

National Science Day is celebrated in India on February 28th each year.

What is the theme of National Science Day 2024?

The theme of National Science Day 2024 celebrations is “Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat”. The theme reflects the increased focus of the government on the indigenization of technologies.

Why do we Celebrate National Science Day?

National Science Day in India is celebrated to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman on February 28, 1928. Along with this, the celebration also aims to foster a scientific temper among the populace.

When was the First National Science Day Celebrated?

The first National Science Day was celebrated in India on February 28, 1987. The Government of India designated this day as National Science Day in 1986, upon the recommendation of the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), to commemorate the anniversary of the Raman Effect’s discovery by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928.

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World Science Day for Peace and Development

Celebrated every 10 November, World Science Day for Peace and Development highlights the important role of science in society and the need to engage the wider public in debates on emerging scientific issues. It also underlines the importance and relevance of science in our daily lives.

By linking science more closely with society, World Science Day for Peace and Development aims to ensure that citizens are kept informed of developments in science. It also underscores the role scientists play in broadening our understanding of the remarkable, fragile planet we call home and in making our societies more sustainable.

2023 theme: Building trust in science

Join the conversation with the hashtag #ScienceDay

This year's celebration will highlight the importance of Building trust in science

What UNESCO does for science, peace and development

2023 theme and celebration

The theme of World Science Day on 10 November 2023 is: Building trust in science .

The role of science in shaping our collective future can only be fulfilled when there is trust in science. It is trust in science that fuels the development and application of evidence-based solutions to our world’s multifaceted challenges. Trust in science is a complex issue. It affects the way in which scientists operate and the way science is perceived by society. Also, enhancing trust in science strengthens science-based policy decisions and society’s support for their application.

UNESCO’s celebration

Building Trust in Science at the Nexus of Science, Policy and Society (high-level roundtable)
Ceremony of the 2023 UNESCO Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science

"Science holds the undeniable potential to change our world for the better. Vaccines, for instance, have played a critical role in curbing the spread of diseases such as COVID-19, measles, and polio. Innovations in energy and agriculture have led to increased crop yields while reducing the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and water. Central to these breakthroughs is scientific research, which drives all major leaps in understanding."

The poster is vailable in the 6 official UN languages (English, French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Russian), as well as a blank version to accommodate other languages.

Participate in World Science Day 2023

World Science Day is co-ordinated each year by UNESCO, which is also the lead United Nations agency for sciences and the International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development.

Scientists, science communicators and science enthusiasts are encouraged to prepare their own events to celebrate World Science Day. To this end, UNESCO has prepared a poster which may be downloaded or printed in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. There is also a blank version which may serve as the basis for posters in other languages.

The following are some suggestions of how you can contribute to World Science Day through your institution:

a tour of your laboratories and other facilities dedicated to basic research for the general public and/or for middle- and high-school pupils that includes a hands-on experience or demonstration of your work;
a series of popular lectures, such as in the conversational format of TED talks.
If you are a science popularizer, organize an exhibition at your science museum or science centre on the theme of basic science for sustainable development, or one component of basic science, such as how basic research in chemistry can foster sustainable development;
If you are either of the above or simply a science enthusiast, record a short video explainer with concrete examples of the ways in which basic science has contributed to sustainable development and post this video on social media.

You may have your own ideas. Please share them with us, so that we can include these on our webpages. Your ideas may inspire others!

"Today, on World Science Day for Peace and Development, let’s harness the potential of open science – not only to limit the impact of climate change, but also to shape a fairer and more peaceful world. Because we succeed or fail together, and we cannot afford to fail."

About World Science Day

From the universe expanding to the phones in our pockets, science is everywhere. Each year, on 10 November, the World Science day for Peace and Development helps us remember this fact and offers an opportunity for everyone to engage in scientific debates and activities.

The Day marks an occasion to mobilize all actors around the topic of science for peace and development – from government officials to the media to school pupils. By linking science more closely with society, science is made accessible to all and broadens our understanding of the remarkable, fragile planet we call home. It becomes also a more solid stepping-stone towards making our societies more sustainable.

Since its proclamation by UNESCO in 2001, World Science Day for Peace and Development has generated many concrete projects, programmes and funding for science around the world. The Day has also helped foster cooperation between scientists living in regions marred by conflict, one example being the UNESCO-supported creation of the Israeli-Palestinian Science Organization ( IPSO ).

Science for Peace: a message from UNESCO Special envoy HRH Princess Sumaya bint El Hassan

The objectives of World Science Day for Peace and Development are to:

of the role of science for peaceful and sustainable societies

for shared knowledge and scientific cooperation

for the use of science for the benefit of societies

and raising support for scientific endeavours

Science, a human right

Everyone has a right to participate in and benefit from science. We must find ways to improve access to science and to the benefits of science for sustainable development.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected. Article 27 states that:

(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. (2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science

Open science is a set of principles and practices that aim to make scientific research from all fields accessible to everyone for the benefits of scientists and society as a whole. Open science is about making sure not only that scientific knowledge is accessible but also that the production of that knowledge itself is inclusive, equitable and sustainable.

The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science provides an internationally agreed definition, as well as a set of shared values and guiding principles for open science. It also identifies a set of actions conducive to a fair and equitable operationalization of open science for all at the individual, institutional, national, regional and international levels.

UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers

The UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers is an important standard-setting instrument which not only codifies the goals and value systems by which science operates, but also emphasizes that these need to be supported and protected if science is to flourish. A first Recommendation was adopted in 1974, and a revised Recommendation was adopted on 13 November 2017, superseding the 1974 text. This Recommendation has a particular value today, including for developing countries in building up their scientific skills and institutions.

The Recommendation upholds the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - that everyone has the right to participate in and benefit from science - and provides a useful checklist of political and institutional requirements to ensure access to science education, and fundamental rights such as the right to be a scientists, to protect intellectual property, to share scientific advancements and accademic freedom.

CERN Director-General Fabiola Gianotti on science for society in times of crisis

Essays About Science: Top 12 Examples and Prompts

Science can explain almost every aspect of our lives; if you want to write essays about science, start by reading our guide.

The word “science” comes from the Latin word Scientia or “knowledge,” It does indeed leave us with no shortage of knowledge as it advances to extraordinary levels. It is present in almost every aspect of our lives, allowing us to live the way we do today and helping us improve society.

In the 21st century, we see science everywhere. It has given us the technology we deem “essential” today, from our mobile phones to air conditioning units to lightbulbs and refrigerators. Yet, it has also allowed us to learn so much about the unknown, such as the endless vacuum of space and the ocean’s mysterious depths. It is, without a doubt, a vehicle for humanity to obtain knowledge and use this knowledge to flourish.

To start writing essays about science, look at some of our featured essay examples below.

1. The challenging environment for science in the 21st century by Nithaya Chetty

2. disadvantages of science by ella gray, 3. reflections from a nobel winner: scientists need time to make discoveries by donna strickland.

4. The fact of cloning by Cesar Hill

5. T. Rex Like You Haven’t Seen Him: With Feathers by Jason Farago

6. common, cheap ingredients can break down some ‘forever chemicals’ by jude coleman, 1. what is science, 2. a noteworthy scientist, 3. why is it important to study science, 4. are robots a net positive for society, 5. types of sciences, 6. science’s role in warfare.

“Open-ended, unfettered science in its purest form has, over the centuries, been pursued in the interests of understanding nature in a fundamental way, and long may that continue. Scientific ideas and discoveries have often been very successfully exploited for commercial gain and societal improvements, and much of the science system today the world over is designed to push scientists in the direction of more relevance.”

For South Africa to prosper, Chetty encourages cooperation and innovation among scientists. He discusses several problems the country faces, including the politicization of research, a weak economy, and misuse of scientific discoveries. These challenges, he believes, can be overcome if the nation works as one and with the international community and if the education system is improved.

“Technology can make people lazy. Many people are already dependent and embrace this technology. Like students playing computer games instead of going to school or study. Technology also brings us privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to email hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge and making profit out of video scandals.”

Gray discusses the adverse effects technology, a science product, has had on human life and society. These include pollution, the inability to communicate properly, and laziness.

She also acknowledges that technology has made life easier for almost everyone but believes that technology, as it is used now, is detrimental; more responsible use of technology is ideal.

“We must give scientists the opportunity through funding and time to pursue curiosity-based, long-term, basic-science research. Work that does not have direct ramifications for industry or our economy is also worthy. There’s no telling what can come from supporting a curious mind trying to discover something new.”

Strickland, a Nobel Prize winner, explains that a great scientific discovery can only come with ample time for scientists to research, using her work as an example. She describes her work on chirped pulse amplification and its possible applications, including removing brain tumors. Her Nobel-awarded work was done over a long time, and scientists must be afforded ample time and funding to make breakthroughs like hers.

4. The fact of cloning by Cesar Hill

“Any research into human cloning would eventually need to be tested on humans. Cloning might be used to create a “perfect human”. Cloning might have a detrimental effect family relationship. However the debate over cloning has more pros out weighting the cons, giving us a over site of the many advantages cloning has and the effects of it as well. Cloning has many ups and downs nevertheless there are many different ways in which it can be used to adapt and analyse new ways of medicine.”

Hill details both the pros and cons of cloning. It can be used for medical purposes and help us understand genetics more, perhaps even allowing us to prevent genetic diseases in children. However, it is expensive, and many oppose it on religious grounds. Regardless, Hill believes that the process has more advantages than disadvantages and is a net good.

“For the kids who will throng this new exhibition, and who will adore this show’s colorful animations and fossilized dino poop, T. rex may still appear to be a thrilling monster. But staring in the eyes of the feather-flecked annihilators here, adults may have a more uncanny feeling of identification with the beasts at the pinnacle of the food chain. You can be a killer of unprecedented savagery, but the climate always takes the coup de grâce.”

In his essay, Farago reviews an exhibition on the Tyrannosaurus Rex involving an important scientific discovery: it was a feathered dinosaur. He details the different displays in the exhibition, including models of other dinosaurs that helped scientists realize that the T-Rex had feathers.

“Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals, Dichtel’s team said. And more research is needed: There are other classes of PFAS that require their own solutions. This process wouldn’t work to tackle PFAS out in the environment, because it requires a concentrated amount of the chemicals. But it could one day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pollutants could be filtered out of the water, concentrated and then broken down.”

Coleman explains a discovery by which scientists were able to break down a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance, a “forever chemical” dangerous to the environment. He explains how they could break the chemical bond and turn the “forever chemical” into something harmless. This is important because pollution can be reduced significantly, particularly in the water.

Writing Prompts on Essays about Science

“Science” is quite a broad term and encompasses many concepts and definitions. Define science, explain what it involves and how we can use it, and give examples of how it is present in the world. If you want, you can also briefly discuss what science means to you personally.

Many individuals have made remarkable scientific discoveries, contributing to the wealth of knowledge we have acquired through science. For your essay, choose one scientist you feel has made a noteworthy contribution to their field. Then, give a brief background on the scientists and explain the discovery or invention that makes them essential.

Consider what it means to study science: how is it relevant now? What lessons can we learn from science? Then, examine the presence of science in today’s world and write about the importance of science in our day-to-day lives- be sure to give examples to support your points. Finally, in your essay, be sure to keep in mind the times we are living in today.

Essays about science: Are robots a net positive for society

When we think of science, robots are often one of the first things that come to mind. However, there is much to discuss regarding safety, especially artificial intelligence. Discuss the pros and cons of robots and AI, then conclude whether or not the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Finally, provide adequate evidence to reinforce your argument and explain it in detail.

From biology to chemistry to physics, science has many branches, each dealing with different aspects of the world and universe. Choose one branch of science and then explain what it is, define basic concepts under this science, and give examples of how it is applied: Are any inventions requiring it? How about something we know today thanks to scientific discovery? Answer these questions in your own words for a compelling essay.

Undoubtedly, technology developed using science has had devastating effects, from nuclear weapons to self-flying fighter jets to deadly new guns and tanks. Examine scientific developments’ role in the war: Do they make it more brutal? Or do they reduce the casualties? Make sure to conduct ample research before writing your essay; this topic is debatable.

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers .

If you’re looking for inspiration, check out our round-up of essay topics about nature .

Martin is an avid writer specializing in editing and proofreading. He also enjoys literary analysis and writing about food and travel.

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Essay on Science and Technology for Students and Children

500+ words essay on science and technology.

Essay on Science and Technology: Science and technology are important parts of our day to day life. We get up in the morning from the ringing of our alarm clocks and go to bed at night after switching our lights off. All these luxuries that we are able to afford are a resultant of science and technology . Most importantly, how we can do all this in a short time are because of the advancement of science and technology only. It is hard to imagine our life now without science and technology. Indeed our existence itself depends on it now. Every day new technologies are coming up which are making human life easier and more comfortable. Thus, we live in an era of science and technology.

Essentially, Science and Technology have introduced us to the establishment of modern civilization . This development contributes greatly to almost every aspect of our daily life. Hence, people get the chance to enjoy these results, which make our lives more relaxed and pleasurable.

Benefits of Science and Technology

If we think about it, there are numerous benefits of science and technology. They range from the little things to the big ones. For instance, the morning paper which we read that delivers us reliable information is a result of scientific progress. In addition, the electrical devices without which life is hard to imagine like a refrigerator, AC, microwave and more are a result of technological advancement.

Furthermore, if we look at the transport scenario, we notice how science and technology play a major role here as well. We can quickly reach the other part of the earth within hours, all thanks to advancing technology.

In addition, science and technology have enabled man to look further than our planet. The discovery of new planets and the establishment of satellites in space is because of the very same science and technology. Similarly, science and technology have also made an impact on the medical and agricultural fields. The various cures being discovered for diseases have saved millions of lives through science. Moreover, technology has enhanced the production of different crops benefitting the farmers largely.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

India and Science and Technology

Ever since British rule, India has been in talks all over the world. After gaining independence, it is science and technology which helped India advance through times. Now, it has become an essential source of creative and foundational scientific developments all over the world. In other words, all the incredible scientific and technological advancements of our country have enhanced the Indian economy.

Looking at the most recent achievement, India successfully launched Chandrayaan 2. This lunar exploration of India has earned critical acclaim from all over the world. Once again, this achievement was made possible due to science and technology.

In conclusion, we must admit that science and technology have led human civilization to achieve perfection in living. However, we must utilize everything in wise perspectives and to limited extents. Misuse of science and technology can produce harmful consequences. Therefore, we must monitor the use and be wise in our actions.

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International Day of Women and Girls in Science Assembly
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UN Observances

We can all do our part to unleash our world’s enormous untapped talent – starting with filling classrooms, laboratories, and boardrooms with women scientists. UN Secretary-General António Guterres

Women in Science Leadership: A New Era for Sustainability

Bringing everyone forward for sustainable and equitable development.

Tackling some of the greatest challenges of the Agenda for Sustainable Development - from improving health to combating climate change - will rely on harnessing all talent. That means getting more women working in these fields. Diversity in research expands the pool of talented researchers, bringing in fresh perspectives, talent and creativity. This Day is a reminder that women and girls play a critical role in science and technology communities and that their participation should be strengthened.

Although Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields are widely regarded as critical to national economies, so far most countries, no matter their level of development, have not achieved gender equality in STEM.

$women and girls in science$

Get Involved

The 9th International Day of Women and Girls in Science Assembly will take place on 8-9 February 2024 at the United Nations Headquarters, New York City ( subject to availability and approval ) . Join women in science leaders and experts from around the world, high-level government officials, representatives of international organizations and the private sector, to discuss women leadership in achieving the three pillars of Sustainable Development, namely economic prosperity, social justice, and environmental integrity.

A significant gender gap has persisted throughout the years at all levels of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines all over the world. Even though women have made tremendous progress towards increasing their participation in higher education, they are still under-represented in these fields.

Gender equality has always been a core issue for the United Nations. Gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls will make a crucial contribution not only to economic development of the world, but to progress across all the goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development , as well.

On 14 March 2011, the Commission on the Status of Women adopted a report at its fifty-fifth session, with agreed conclusions on access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, and for the promotion of women’s equal access to full employment and decent work. On 20 December 2013, the General Assembly adopted a resolution on science, technology and innovation for development, in which it recognized that full and equal access to and participation in science, technology and innovation for women and girls of all ages is imperative for achieving gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls.

Did you know?

Women are typically given smaller research grants than their male colleagues and, while they represent 33.3% of all researchers, only 12% of members of national science academies are women.
In cutting edge fields such as artificial intelligence, only one in five professionals (22%) is a woman.
Despite a shortage of skills in most of the technological fields driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution, women still account for only 28% of engineering graduates and 40% of graduates in computer science and informatics.
Female researchers tend to have shorter, less well-paid careers. Their work is underrepresented in high-profile journals and they are often passed over for promotion.

Women scientists on the forefront of climate action

Over the last few decades, the world’s understanding of climate change has improved exponentially thanks to science, technology and the dedication of some of the world’s top climate scientists. We pay tribute to the women who champion the science behind climate change.

Related observances

International Women's Day (8 March)
Girls in ICT Day (22 April)
International Day of the Girl Child (11 October)
International Day of Rural Women (15 October)
World Science Day for Peace and Development (10 November)
International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women (25 November)

Global Issues: Gender Equality

Women and girls represent half of the world’s population and, therefore, also half of its potential. Gender equality, besides being a fundamental human right, is essential to achieve peaceful societies, with full human potential and sustainable development.

Women and the digital revolution

Women accounted for one in three (33%) researchers in 2018. They have achieved parity (in numbers) in life sciences in many countries and even dominate this field, in some cases. However, women remain a minority in digital information technology, computing, physics, mathematics and engineering. These are the fields that are driving the digital revolution and so, many of the jobs of tomorrow.

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Why do we mark International Days?

International days and weeks are occasions to educate the public on issues of concern, to mobilize political will and resources to address global problems, and to celebrate and reinforce achievements of humanity. The existence of international days predates the establishment of the United Nations, but the UN has embraced them as a powerful advocacy tool. We also mark other UN observances .

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25 April 2024
Correction 25 April 2024

‘Shut up and calculate’: how Einstein lost the battle to explain quantum reality

Jim Baggott 0

Jim Baggott is a science writer based in Cape Town, South Africa. He is co-author with John Heilbron of Quantum Drama .

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

For entangled particles, a change in one instantly affects the other, no matter how far apart they are. Credit: Volker Steger/SPL

You have full access to this article via your institution.

Quantum mechanics is an extraordinarily successful scientific theory, on which much of our technology-obsessed lifestyles depend. It is also bewildering. Although the theory works, it leaves physicists chasing probabilities instead of certainties and breaks the link between cause and effect. It gives us particles that are waves and waves that are particles , cats that seem to be both alive and dead, and lots of spooky quantum weirdness around hard-to-explain phenomena, such as quantum entanglement.

Myths are also rife. For instance, in the early twentieth century, when the theory’s founders were arguing among themselves about what it all meant, the views of Danish physicist Niels Bohr came to dominate. Albert Einstein famously disagreed with him and, in the 1920s and 1930s, the two locked horns in debate . A persistent myth was created that suggests Bohr won the argument by browbeating the stubborn and increasingly isolated Einstein into submission. Acting like some fanatical priesthood, physicists of Bohr’s ‘church’ sought to shut down further debate. They established the ‘Copenhagen interpretation’, named after the location of Bohr’s institute, as a dogmatic orthodoxy.

My latest book Quantum Drama , co-written with science historian John Heilbron, explores the origins of this myth and its role in motivating the singular personalities that would go on to challenge it. Their persistence in the face of widespread indifference paid off, because they helped to lay the foundations for a quantum-computing industry expected to be worth tens of billions by 2040.

John died on 5 November 2023 , so sadly did not see his last work through to publication. This essay is dedicated to his memory.

Foundational myth

A scientific myth is not produced by accident or error. It requires effort. “To qualify as a myth, a false claim should be persistent and widespread,” Heilbron said in a 2014 conference talk. “It should have a plausible and assignable reason for its endurance, and immediate cultural relevance,” he noted. “Although erroneous or fabulous, such myths are not entirely wrong, and their exaggerations bring out aspects of a situation, relationship or project that might otherwise be ignored.”

Does quantum theory imply the entire Universe is preordained?

To see how these observations apply to the historical development of quantum mechanics, let’s look more closely at the Bohr–Einstein debate. The only way to make sense of the theory, Bohr argued in 1927, was to accept his principle of complementarity. Physicists have no choice but to describe quantum experiments and their results using wholly incompatible, yet complementary, concepts borrowed from classical physics.

In one kind of experiment, an electron, for example, behaves like a classical wave. In another, it behaves like a classical particle. Physicists can observe only one type of behaviour at a time, because there is no experiment that can be devised that could show both behaviours at once.

Bohr insisted that there is no contradiction in complementarity, because the use of these classical concepts is purely symbolic. This was not about whether electrons are really waves or particles. It was about accepting that physicists can never know what an electron really is and that they must reach for symbolic descriptions of waves and particles as appropriate. With these restrictions, Bohr regarded the theory to be complete — no further elaboration was necessary.

Such a pronouncement prompts an important question. What is the purpose of physics? Is its main goal to gain ever-more-detailed descriptions and control of phenomena, regardless of whether physicists can understand these descriptions? Or, rather, is it a continuing search for deeper and deeper insights into the nature of physical reality?

Einstein preferred the second answer, and refused to accept that complementarity could be the last word on the subject. In his debate with Bohr, he devised a series of elaborate thought experiments, in which he sought to demonstrate the theory’s inconsistencies and ambiguities, and its incompleteness. These were intended to highlight matters of principle; they were not meant to be taken literally.

Entangled probabilities

In 1935, Einstein’s criticisms found their focus in a paper 1 published with his colleagues Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. In their thought experiment (known as EPR, the authors’ initials), a pair of particles (A and B) interact and move apart. Suppose each particle can possess, with equal probability, one of two quantum properties, which for simplicity I will call ‘up’ and ‘down’, measured in relation to some instrument setting. Assuming their properties are correlated by a physical law, if A is measured to be ‘up’, B must be ‘down’, and vice versa. The Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger invented the term entangled to describe this kind of situation.

How Einstein built on the past to make his breakthroughs

If the entangled particles are allowed to move so far apart that they can no longer affect one another, physicists might say that they are no longer in ‘causal contact’. Quantum mechanics predicts that scientists should still be able to measure A and thereby — with certainty — infer the correlated property of B.

But the theory gives us only probabilities. We have no way of knowing in advance what result we will get for A. If A is found to be ‘down’, how does the distant, causally disconnected B ‘know’ how to correlate with its entangled partner and give the result ‘up’? The particles cannot break the correlation, because this would break the physical law that created it.

Physicists could simply assume that, when far enough apart, the particles are separate and distinct, or ‘locally real’, each possessing properties that were fixed at the moment of their interaction. Suppose A sets off towards a measuring instrument carrying the property ‘up’. A devious experimenter is perfectly at liberty to change the instrument setting so that when A arrives, it is now measured to be ‘down’. How, then, is the correlation established? Do the particles somehow remain in contact, sending messages to each other or exerting influences on each other over vast distances at speeds faster than light, in conflict with Einstein’s special theory of relativity?

The alternative possibility, equally discomforting to contemplate, is that the entangled particles do not actually exist independently of each other. They are ‘non-local’, implying that their properties are not fixed until a measurement is made on one of them.

Both these alternatives were unacceptable to Einstein, leading him to conclude that quantum mechanics cannot be complete.

Photograph taken during a debate between Bohr and Einstein

Niels Bohr (left) and Albert Einstein. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty

The EPR thought experiment delivered a shock to Bohr’s camp, but it was quickly (if unconvincingly) rebuffed by Bohr. Einstein’s challenge was not enough; he was content to criticize the theory but there was no consensus on an alternative to Bohr’s complementarity. Bohr was judged by the wider scientific community to have won the debate and, by the early 1950s, Einstein’s star was waning.

Unlike Bohr, Einstein had established no school of his own. He had rather retreated into his own mind, in vain pursuit of a theory that would unify electromagnetism and gravity, and so eliminate the need for quantum mechanics altogether. He referred to himself as a “lone traveler”. In 1948, US theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer remarked to a reporter at Time magazine that the older Einstein had become “a landmark, but not a beacon”.

Prevailing view

Subsequent readings of this period in quantum history promoted a persistent and widespread suggestion that the Copenhagen interpretation had been established as the orthodox view. I offer two anecdotes as illustration. When learning quantum mechanics as a graduate student at Harvard University in the 1950s, US physicist N. David Mermin recalled vivid memories of the responses that his conceptual enquiries elicited from his professors, whom he viewed as ‘agents of Copenhagen’. “You’ll never get a PhD if you allow yourself to be distracted by such frivolities,” they advised him, “so get back to serious business and produce some results. Shut up, in other words, and calculate.”

The spy who flunked it: Kurt Gödel’s forgotten part in the atom-bomb story

It seemed that dissidents faced serious repercussions. When US physicist John Clauser — a pioneer of experimental tests of quantum mechanics in the early 1970s — struggled to find an academic position, he was clear in his own mind about the reasons. He thought he had fallen foul of the ‘religion’ fostered by Bohr and the Copenhagen church: “Any physicist who openly criticized or even seriously questioned these foundations ... was immediately branded as a ‘quack’. Quacks naturally found it difficult to find decent jobs within the profession.”

But pulling on the historical threads suggests a different explanation for both Mermin’s and Clauser’s struggles. Because there was no viable alternative to complementarity, those writing the first post-war student textbooks on quantum mechanics in the late 1940s had little choice but to present (often garbled) versions of Bohr’s theory. Bohr was notoriously vague and more than occasionally incomprehensible. Awkward questions about the theory’s foundations were typically given short shrift. It was more important for students to learn how to apply the theory than to fret about what it meant.

One important exception is US physicist David Bohm’s 1951 book Quantum Theory , which contains an extensive discussion of the theory’s interpretation, including EPR’s challenge. But, at the time, Bohm stuck to Bohr’s mantra.

The Americanization of post-war physics meant that no value was placed on ‘philosophical’ debates that did not yield practical results. The task of ‘getting to the numbers’ meant that there was no time or inclination for the kind of pointless discussion in which Bohr and Einstein had indulged. Pragmatism prevailed. Physicists encouraged their students to choose research topics that were likely to provide them with a suitable grounding for an academic career, or ones that appealed to prospective employers. These did not include research on quantum foundations.

These developments conspired to produce a subtly different kind of orthodoxy. In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), US philosopher Thomas Kuhn describes ‘normal’ science as the everyday puzzle-solving activities of scientists in the context of a prevailing ‘paradigm’. This can be interpreted as the foundational framework on which scientific understanding is based. Kuhn argued that researchers pursuing normal science tend to accept foundational theories without question and seek to solve problems within the bounds of these concepts. Only when intractable problems accumulate and the situation becomes intolerable might the paradigm ‘shift’, in a process that Kuhn likened to a political revolution.

Do black holes explode? The 50-year-old puzzle that challenges quantum physics

The prevailing view also defines what kinds of problem the community will accept as scientific and which problems researchers are encouraged (and funded) to investigate. As Kuhn acknowledged in his book: “Other problems, including many that had previously been standard, are rejected as metaphysical, as the concern of another discipline, or sometimes as just too problematic to be worth the time.”

What Kuhn says about normal science can be applied to ‘mainstream’ physics. By the 1950s, the physics community had become broadly indifferent to foundational questions that lay outside the mainstream. Such questions were judged to belong in a philosophy class, and there was no place for philosophy in physics. Mermin’s professors were not, as he had first thought, ‘agents of Copenhagen’. As he later told me, his professors “had no interest in understanding Bohr, and thought that Einstein’s distaste for [quantum mechanics] was just silly”. Instead, they were “just indifferent to philosophy. Full stop. Quantum mechanics worked. Why worry about what it meant?”

It is more likely that Clauser fell foul of the orthodoxy of mainstream physics. His experimental tests of quantum mechanics 2 in 1972 were met with indifference or, more actively, dismissal as junk or fringe science. After all, as expected, quantum mechanics passed Clauser’s tests and arguably nothing new was discovered. Clauser failed to get an academic position not because he had had the audacity to challenge the Copenhagen interpretation; his audacity was in challenging the mainstream. As a colleague told Clauser later, physics faculty members at one university to which he had applied “thought that the whole field was controversial”.

Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger seated at a press conference.

Aspect, Clauser and Zeilinger won the 2022 physics Nobel for work on entangled photons. Credit: Claudio Bresciani/TT News Agency/AFP via Getty

However, it’s important to acknowledge that the enduring myth of the Copenhagen interpretation contains grains of truth, too. Bohr had a strong and domineering personality. He wanted to be associated with quantum theory in much the same way that Einstein is associated with theories of relativity. Complementarity was accepted as the last word on the subject by the physicists of Bohr’s school. Most vociferous were Bohr’s ‘bulldog’ Léon Rosenfeld, Wolfgang Pauli and Werner Heisenberg, although all came to hold distinct views about what the interpretation actually meant.

They did seek to shut down rivals. French physicist Louis de Broglie’s ‘pilot wave’ interpretation, which restores causality and determinism in a theory in which real particles are guided by a real wave, was shot down by Pauli in 1927. Some 30 years later, US physicist Hugh Everett’s relative state or many-worlds interpretation was dismissed, as Rosenfeld later described, as “hopelessly wrong ideas”. Rosenfeld added that Everett “was undescribably stupid and could not understand the simplest things in quantum mechanics”.

Unorthodox interpretations

But the myth of the Copenhagen interpretation served an important purpose. It motivated a project that might otherwise have been ignored. Einstein liked Bohm’s Quantum Theory and asked to see him in Princeton in the spring of 1951. Their discussion prompted Bohm to abandon Bohr’s views, and he went on to reinvent de Broglie’s pilot wave theory. He also developed an alternative to the EPR challenge that held the promise of translation into a real experiment.

Befuddled by Bohrian vagueness, finding no solace in student textbooks and inspired by Bohm, Irish physicist John Bell pushed back against the Copenhagen interpretation and, in 1964, built on Bohm’s version of EPR to develop a now-famous theorem 3 . The assumption that the entangled particles A and B are locally real leads to predictions that are incompatible with those of quantum mechanics. This was no longer a matter for philosophers alone: this was about real physics.

It took Clauser three attempts to pass his graduate course on advanced quantum mechanics at Columbia University because his brain “kind of refused to do it”. He blamed Bohr and Copenhagen, found Bohm and Bell, and in 1972 became the first to perform experimental tests of Bell’s theorem with entangled photons 2 .

How to introduce quantum computers without slowing economic growth

French physicist Alain Aspect similarly struggled to discern a “physical world behind the mathematics”, was perplexed by complementarity (“Bohr is impossible to understand”) and found Bell. In 1982, he performed what would become an iconic test of Bell’s theorem 4 , changing the settings of the instruments used to measure the properties of pairs of entangled photons while the particles were mid-flight. This prevented the photons from somehow conspiring to correlate themselves through messages or influences passed between them, because the nature of the measurements to be made on them was not set until they were already too far apart. All these tests settled in favour of quantum mechanics and non-locality.

Although the wider physics community still considered testing quantum mechanics to be a fringe science and mostly a waste of time, exposing a hitherto unsuspected phenomenon — quantum entanglement and non-locality — was not. Aspect’s cause was aided by US physicist Richard Feynman, who in 1981 had published his own version of Bell’s theorem 5 and had speculated on the possibility of building a quantum computer. In 1984, Charles Bennett at IBM and Giles Brassard at the University of Montreal in Canada proposed entanglement as the basis for an innovative system of quantum cryptography 6 .

It is tempting to think that these developments finally helped to bring work on quantum foundations into mainstream physics, making it respectable. Not so. According to Austrian physicist Anton Zeilinger, who has helped to found the science of quantum information and its promise of a quantum technology, even those working in quantum information consider foundations to be “not the right thing”. “We don’t understand the reason why. Must be psychological reasons, something like that, something very deep,” Zeilinger says. The lack of any kind of physical mechanism to explain how entanglement works does not prevent the pragmatic physicist from getting to the numbers.

Similarly, by awarding the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics to Clauser, Aspect and Zeilinger , the Nobels as an institution have not necessarily become friendly to foundational research. Commenting on the award, the chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics, Anders Irbäck, said: “It has become increasingly clear that a new kind of quantum technology is emerging. We can see that the laureates’ work with entangled states is of great importance, even beyond the fundamental questions about the interpretation of quantum mechanics.” Or, rather, their work is of great importance because of the efforts of those few dissidents, such as Bohm and Bell, who were prepared to resist the orthodoxy of mainstream physics, which they interpreted as the enduring myth of the Copenhagen interpretation.

The lesson from Bohr–Einstein and the riddle of entanglement is this. Even if we are prepared to acknowledge the myth, we still need to exercise care. Heilbron warned against wanton slaying: “The myth you slay today may contain a truth you need tomorrow.”

Nature 629 , 29-32 (2024)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-01216-z

Updates & Corrections

Correction 25 April 2024 : An earlier version of this Essay misnamed the Institute for Advanced Study.

Einstein, A., Podolsky, B. & Rosen, N. Phys. Rev. 47 , 777–780 (1935).

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Freedman, S. J. & Clauser, J. F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 28 , 938–941 (1972).

Bell, J. S. Phys. Phys. Fiz. 1 , 195–200 (1964).

Aspect, A., Dalibard, J. & Roger, G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 , 1804–1807 (1982).

Feynman, R. P. Int . J. Theor. Phys. 21 , 467–488 (1982).

Bennett, C. H. & Brassard, G. in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing 175–179 (IEEE, 1984).

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Essay on National Science Day

In India, National Science Day is widely known on 28 th February every year to commemorate the discovery of ‘Raman Effect’ by great physicist, Sir C.V. Raman on 28 th February 1928. Here I have shared below some easily written essays on National Science Day for my readers. You can go through these to have more knowledge about the event in an easy way and less time.

Short and Long Essay on National Science Day in English

Short and long essays on National Science Day are given below in different word limits for students of classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 in very easy language.

National Science Day Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

1) Every Year on 28 February, India observes National Science Day.

2) This day commemorates the discovery of the “Raman Effect” on 28 February 1928.

3) Dr. CV Raman discovered the ‘Raman Effect’ and received Nobel Prize in 1930.

4) National Science Day is observed at the request of the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC).

5) Schools celebrated this day by organizing various events related to science.

6) This day holds an important place in engineering and science colleges.

7) On this day, the government also distributes awards and prizes to science enthusiasts.

8) In 1987, India celebrated the first National Science Day.

9) This day also promotes the importance of science in our daily life.

10) The day also encourages people to contribute more to scientific research.

Essay 1 (250 Words)

Introduction

National Science Day is observed in India on 28th February every year to commemorate the discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’ by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928. Sir C.V. Raman also received the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery.

Why the Day is Celebrated?

On 28th February 1928, one of the greatest Indian physicists, Sir C.V. Raman announced his novel discovery on the scattering of light, which came to be known as the ‘Raman Effect’. It was a very important discovery that earned him a Nobel Prize in 1930.

The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC) requested the Government of India in 1986 to observe 28th February as National Science Day.

How is National Science Day Celebrated?

National Science Day is widely observed throughout India. Schools and colleges participate with extreme zeal and enthusiasm. Mainly in engineering and science colleges, exhibitions are held and students discuss the development and use of science and technology.

Government also hands out commemoratory awards and monetary prizes to the individuals and organizations involved in the promotion of science and technology in some way or the other.

National Science Day promotes science and technology and its feasibility in our daily life. It also encourages scientists, writers, students, and others who are involved in the promotion of science and technology.

National Science Day must be observed with the same diligence every year. It should not be limited only to the science fraternity but also must have participants from various walks of life.

Essay 2 (400 Words)

India celebrates National Science Day on 28th February to commemorate the discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’ by a great Indian scientist Dr. Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman or C.V. Raman. He had invented the Raman Effect on 28th February 1928.

Raman Effect – A Great Discovery

Raman Effect was an important discovery in the field of scattering of light. The discovery states that when the light traverses through a transparent object some of it gets dispersed and the dispersed light changes its wavelength and amplitude, though slightly. The discovery was made by Sir C.V. Raman on 26 th February 1928. He was also awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for this important discovery. It is to commemorate Sir C.V. Raman and his discovery, the ‘Raman Effect’ that we celebrate National Science Day.

National Science Day – History

The first National Science Day was celebrated in 1987. Nearly six decades after Sir C.V. Raman made the important discovery, the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), requested the government in 1986, to designate February 28 th as the National Science Day. Hence, beginning from 1987, National Science Day is observed every year in Indian schools, colleges, universities, and other relevant places.

Special Events/Activities

One of the main events of the day includes ‘National Science Popularization Awards’ handed over to the people and also institutions for outstanding contribution in the field of science or for the popularization of science and communication.

Several activities like debates, talk shows, science exhibitions, etc. are held to celebrate National Science Day.

Significance

Celebration of the National Science Day is very important in the way that it promotes the institution of science and its implementation in our daily lives. It also encourages the people, scientists, writers, etc. who are doing the commendable job of promoting and researching science.

It provides a platform for the scientific fraternity to interact with the people as well as the government and inform them about the usefulness of science and possible expanse of its growth. Science presents limitless possibilities of growth and makes day to day living more comfortable and convenient.

National Science Day not only commemorates a great Indian scientist and one of his great discoveries but also promotes science as a part of our everyday living. When the approach of the society becomes scientific in every aspect – growth and prosperity will follow as the outcome. Therefore, the day must be observed with full support from the government and concerned departments.

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words)

National Science Day is commemorated on 28 th February every year in India. It marks the day of a significant discovery made by a great Indian scientist Dr. C.V. Raman. It is widely celebrated in schools and colleges as well as by the scientific fraternity and the government.

The Reason behind the Celebration

National Science Day commemorates the discovery of a phenomenon of light scattering by Dr. C.V. Raman. This effect came to be known as the ‘Raman Effect’. The discovery was made by Dr. C.V. Raman and one of his students named K.S. Krishnan on 28 th February 1928.

Raman Effect was a significant discovery in the field of light scattering. It establishes that when the light traverses through a transparent material, some of the deflected light changes amplitude and wavelength.

The discovery made him the first non-white Indian to be conferred with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

National Science Day is widely celebrated in India on 28th February. It is observed in schools, colleges, and universities across the country. Events are also widely covered in print and electronic media – newspapers, radio, television, social media, etc. Every year a theme is decided and the events are centered on that theme.

Awards are handed over to the individuals and institutions for making science popular in India. Science fairs and exhibitions are held to promote science and innovations. Also, books and journals on science and technology are published and promoted.

Monetary awards are also handed over to individuals and institutions involved in promoting science.

The main objective of the day is to promote science and encourage people to adopt scientific methods in daily use, so as to make their lives convenient and comfortable.

It seeks to project science as a tool of development and welfare of the masses and humanity as a whole. It is also very significant in promoting and commemorating the efforts of an individual in the field of science.

Young scientists, inventors, writers are awarded and felicitated to keep up their good work. All in all the main objective of National Science Day is to encourage people related to science and technology and to promote science in whatever way possible.

Every year a theme is decided for celebrating National Science Day. Theme plays a significant role in the celebration of events. Themes of some of the years are given below-

Theme of 1999 – Our changing earth

Theme of 2000 – Recreating interest in basic science

Theme of 2001 –Information technology for science education

Theme of 2002 – Wealth from waste

Theme of 2003 – 50 years of DNA and 25 years of IVF-The blue print of life

Theme of 2004 –Encouraging scientific awareness in community

Theme of 2005 – Celebrating physics

Theme of 2006 – Nurture nature for our future

Theme of 2007 – More crop per drop

Theme of 2008 –Understanding the planet earth

Theme of 2009 – Expanding horizons of science

Theme of 2010 – Gender equality, science & technology for sustainable development.

Theme of 2011 – Chemistry in daily life

Theme of 2012 – Clean energy options and nuclear safety

Theme of 2013 – Genetically modified crops and food safety

Theme of 2014 – Fostering science temper

Theme of 2015 – Science for nation-building

Theme of 2016 – Scientific issues for the development of the nation

Theme of 2017 – Science and technology for specially-abled persons

Theme of 2018 – Science and technology for a sustainable future

Theme of 2019 – Science for the people, and the people for the science

Theme of 2020 – Women in science

National Science Day is a significant event that commemorates a great scientist and also promotes science and technology for a better future of India.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions on National Science Day

Ans. Galileo Galilei is considered the “Father of Modern Science”.

Ans. India Science Award is one of the highest national honors awarded by the government of India for outstanding contribution to science.

Ans. Astronomy is the oldest branch of science.

Ans. In India, Science was introduced as a subject in 1953.

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Winning Essays

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1/1″][vc_button2 title=”Go back” style=”square” color=”sky” size=”sm” link=”url:http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yalescientific.org%2Fsynapse%2Fcontest-winners%2F|title:Contest%20Winners|”][vc_empty_space height=”32px”][vc_column_text css_animation=”top-to-bottom” el_class=”winning-essays”]

Congratulations to the winner of the 2019 Yale Scientific Synapse High School Essay Contest!

This year’s essay prompt was:

There is a moment that defines success, that “ah-ha” moment when the barrier of your expectations of what is possible to achieve is shattered. Yet, for every Nobel Prize success story or every innovation that is deemed media frenzy worthy, there are hundreds of breakthroughs that go unnoticed by the general public. Choose an important but under-discussed breakthrough from the past 5 years, and describe why it is so significant.

Entangled in a Quantum Future

1st Place Winner, Yale Scientific Magazine National Essay Competition 2019 Kelvin Kim Bergen Catholic High School, Oradell, NJ

The rate of discovery in science has accelerated dramatically since the 20th century. This should not be surprising since our knowledge base doubles approximately every 13 months. Some scientists even predict that the “internet of things” will lead to even more dramatic accelerations. Many of these advancements have gained widespread recognition while others are relatively unknown to the general public.

For example, Chinese researchers at Shanghai’s University of Science and Technology made advances on data teleportation based on quantum entanglement but remained underrecognized. In 2017, this team, led by Ji-Gang Ren, shattered previous distance records for such teleportation experiments. The previous record, set in 2015, achieved successful transmissions using 104 kilometers of superconducting molybdenum silicide fiber. Firing a high-altitude laser from Tibet to the orbiting Micius satellite, the Chinese team achieved successful transmissions over distances up to 1400 kilometers. Later, they successfully transmitted quantum data from the satellite back to Earth at distances ranging from 1600 to 2400 kilometers. In doing so, they demonstrated the viability of someday being able to create a “quantum internet,” over which information could be exchanged far more securely than is possible today.

The phrase quantum teleportation is somewhat misleading. In the Chinese experiments, no particles were physically teleported from Earth to space like most people might imagine after watching sci-fi programs like Star Trek . “Quantum teleportation” involves information, not matter. To grasp this, we need to understand the basic nature of quantum entanglement.

Quantum entanglement is a way of describing two particles with matching quantum states. The states in question, of which there are four possibilities, have to do with vertical or horizontal polarization. The entangled particles are linked in such a way as to mutually influence one another. Moreover, when one particle is observed, information about the other can be known. These effects hold true even if the entangled particles are separated by great distances.

Dr. Chien-Shiung Wu first experimentally demonstrated quantum entanglement in a laboratory, showing an Einstein-type correlation between two photons that were well separated from one another. Back then, all she could do was show correlations between entangled photons separated by a small distance. The experiment conducted by Dr. Ren’s team in 2017 is fundamentally the same as the experiment that was conducted by Dr. Wu almost seventy years ago. However, the Chinese researchers’ achievement is significant because they strove to do what Dr. Wu did at a far greater scale. Instead of performing the experiment in a laboratory, the Chinese physicists demonstrated entanglement between a photon on Earth and a photon on an orbiting satellite. These particles were separated by distances of at least 500 kilometers—the greatest distances that quantum entanglement have ever been recorded. This accomplishment was all the more impressive as it was achieved using detectors on a satellite that was traveling around Earth at orbital speeds.

Quantum entanglement means that data can seemingly be “teleported” since the information about one of the particles in an entangled pair will always reflect information relevant to the other particle. This is the main concept behind the potential applications being investigated by scientists. While nothing may be physically teleported, the fact that information about an object can be accessed instantaneously from anywhere has significant implications for the future.

One potential application of this concept is the quantum internet. The researchers showed that working with entangled particles while they are separated and moving at fast speeds is possible. This could provide a means of ensuring data security. Since the mere act of observing a particle changes its quantum properties, recipients of information over a quantum network could instantly know, by comparing the state of the paired particle at the point of transmission to that of its partner at the point of reception, not only if a message had been decrypted, but even if it had been merely observed. To this end, the Chinese scientists—in collaboration with European partners at the University of Vienna and the Austrian Academy of Sciences—aim to establish a secure quantum-encrypted channel by next year, and a global network in the following decade.

It is not surprising that the first practical applications of quantum entanglement are expected to appear in the realm of cyber-security. The regular internet is vulnerable to hacking because data still flows through cables in the form of bits, into which the hacker can tap and decrypt. A bit can either represent a zero or a one, but not both at the same time. The quantum internet, on the other hand, doesn’t have this problem because it utilizes qubits, a quantum state a particle is in when it represents both zero and one simultaneously. If a hacker tried to access a stream of qubits, the qubits would seem to have values that are either zero or one, but not both. This means that by trying to access information in the stream of qubits, the hacker would just end up destroying the data he is trying to hack.

Beyond this, the term “quantum internet” doesn’t actually have a clear definition. “Quantum internet is still a vague term,” explains physicist Thomas Jennewein of the University of Waterloo.

In summary, the research being conducted by Dr. Ren, his colleagues, and their European partners on data teleportation via quantum entanglement is significant because it represents the scaling-up of this technology to the point where its practical application is imminent. Before 2017, no previous experiments in this field had been done over comparable distances with such reliable results. The fact that global partners are planning to establish secure quantum channels based on these experiments in the near future ensures not only that such networks will soon be a global reality, but also that scientists will be delving ever deeper into the mystery of quantum entanglement. This research places humanity on the threshold of a new world of quantum applications that we can scarcely imagine today.

Congratulations to the winners of the 2018 Yale Scientific Synapse High School Essay Contest!

A Plantastic Solution to an Aqueous Problem

By John Lin

Water covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface, but throughout the world, this natural resource appears to be drying up.1 Due to global warming, desertification is rapidly spreading across the world. The world is finding that critical freshwater reserves are disappearing in the face of increasing population growth.2 Just as more water is needed, less water is available. However, cacti have dealt with this problem for millennia and have adapted to arid climates. We can learn from these prickly plants to solve one of the world’s most pressing problems.

Our current stopgap measures are failing. Most modern water storage methods use jerry cans, lidded buckets, and clay pots but require backbreaking labor that is predominantly done by females.3 UNICEF estimates that across the world, women and girls spend 200 million hours collecting water each day, forcing them to abandon their education and employment and enter a cycle of poverty and dependence.4 Additionally, this water is often dirty, resulting in major waterborne disease outbreaks that devastate developing nations, Finally, these buckets require a tradeoff between water supplies, temperature, and sanitation. For example, clay pots lose water to evaporation but are cooler.5 On the other hand, buckets create a warm environment ripe for bacteria growth.

Instead of using costly chemical reactions to synthesize hydrogen and oxygen, scientists can find a cheap solution in biomimicry. Succulent plants are uniquely adapted to absorb and retain water from their arid surroundings. Learning from them will help us efficiently deal with desertification and minimize water conflicts. Cacti are among the most effective succulents, surviving in habitats from the Atacama Desert to the Patagonian steppe.6 Semiarid and arid areas experience varying levels of rainfall, demanding different tissue thicknesses and structural designs. We should study cacti to produce location-specific containers that can absorb and store safe water at optimal temperatures.

Scientists should explore water retrieval methods including cacti’s water absorption. Cacti build shallow roots that can branch out, allowing them to react quickly to rainfall.7 We can utilize capillary action, much like plant roots, to gather water at a cheap energy cost. Researchers at the Chinese Academy of the Sciences are studying artificial root systems that could store rainwater.8 Some cacti also store fog water, thanks to spines that collect water molecules. Scientists from Beihang University are already developing similar structures by electrospinning polyimide and polystyrene.9 Moreover, this could help improve filtration systems. Dr. Norma Alcantar from the University of South Florida found that prickly pear cactus gum effectively removes sediment and bacteria from water.1 0 We could eliminate common diseases, free women to pursue studies, leisure, or careers, and save millions of lives.

Researchers can also improve water storage by focusing on cacti because of their high water retention. Because of their fleshy tissue, many cacti can hold large amounts of water. In fact, Charles Gritzner, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Geography at South Dakota State University, notes that some can store up to 2 tons of water, or 1,800 liters.1 1 We can learn from their thick structures to maximize the quantity of water stored. Cacti also have unique structural designs including protective hair to deflect sunlight, which defends against dangerous heat levels.1 2 Cacti have additionally developed waxy skin to prevent water loss.1 3 We can combine this with biodegradable material to promote environmental sustainability by avoiding plastic. These innovations fix the current temperature-water loss tradeoff and maximize utility.

This large, bulky bucket would be incredibly adaptable. In foggier areas like the Atacama Desert, artificial spines would help collect water, while mechanical roots would work better in drier places. The layer of gum-like lining on the inner walls of the pail would improve sanitation. The water would be protected from heat through intricate designs of folds and hair. The outer waxy coating would help preserve water while maintaining cooler temperatures. Humanitarian organizations could distribute this in developing nations, ensuring that each family has a stable, safe source of water.

The consequences of ignoring water shortages are dire because water is the most precious resource of life. Not only is approximately 60 percent of the adult human body made of water, each American uses around 80-100 gallons of water every day.1 4,15 This has promoted hygiene and eliminated disease outbreaks, with handwashing alone reducing diarrheal disease-related deaths by almost 50%.1 6 With antibiotic-resistant bacteria developing rapidly, hygiene is critical for public health. Water is also heavily used in food production, irrigating 62.4 million acres of American cropland in 2010.1 7 Agriculture accounts for 70% of freshwater withdrawals each year.1 8 As global warming intensifies regional climates, more water is needed. Otherwise, the world would be torn apart by hunger and thirst.

Losing water will also have major geopolitical implications. The World Economic Forum has ranked water crises among the five most impactful global issues for the past four years.1 9 As countries compete for an ever-shrinking supply of water, wars are bound to break out. The Global Policy Forum predicts that more than 50 countries across five continents will likely be forced into water conflicts.2 0 Already, nuclear armed states such as India and Pakistan engage in water fights.2 1 The resulting wars could claim billions of innocent human lives.

Although more advanced technology is being developed, biomimicry provides a cheap, clean, and quick answer to the billions of people surviving on inadequate and unsafe water. Unless we take action, water wars, food shortages, and disease outbreaks will tear the world apart. For the sake of humanity’s survival, we must turn to cacti to guide our water foraging efforts in the developing world.

Congratulations to the winners of the 2017 Yale Scientific Synapse High School Essay Contest!

If Science were to make a huge breakthrough in the next year, what do you think would be the most beneficial one to society? Why?

Breaking Through Ocean Acidification

1st Place Winner, Yale Scientific Magazine National Essay Competition 2017 Clara Benadon Poolesville High School, MD

As a Marylander, one of my favorite things to do is make the trek up to the Chesapeake Bay. Its sparkling waters and abundant wildlife set it apart as a prime jewel of the East Coast. Nothing can compare to the experience of paddling down the Potomac River on a sunny day, the boughs of a sycamore arching overhead.

Apart from being a stunner, the Bay provides major cultural and economic benefits. Its unique way of life is perfectly encapsulated in the small towns of Smith Island, where watermen make a living from the estuary’s riches. On a recent visit, one local said to me, “We truly build our lives around the water.” From the local fisherman to larger commercial operations, the Chesapeake provides $3.39 billion annually in seafood sales alone, part of a total economic value topping $1 trillion. The stability of these waters is endangered by the growing problem of ocean acidification. This occurs when the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed into bodies of water, causing surging acidity levels. Acidification leads to the protective carbonate coverings of shellfish to disintegrate, killing off large amounts of oysters, mussels, and scallops. Oyster reefs filter the Bay; without a thriving population, harmful pollutants run rampant. The low oxygen conditions caused by high acidity also make it hard for fish to breathe. Even with survivable oxygen levels, low pH can be fatal for fish.

The plummeting numbers of these Chesapeake staples make a dent on the economy. According to the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Maryland and Virginia have suffered losses exceeding $4 billion over the last three decades stemming from the decline of oyster health and distribution. High acidity causes oysters’ growth to be stunted, so that shellfish fisheries cannot profit from the smaller, thinner shells.

The losses aren’t economic alone. An estimated 2,700 species call the Bay their home, a remarkable level of biodiversity that is threatened by ocean acidification. The loss of even one species causes a ripple effect through the entire food web, sending it into a state of unbalance. According to a 2004 study in Science, the survival of threatened and nonthreatened species is closely intertwined: when an endangered species goes extinct, dependent ones suffer. Moreover, biodiversity keeps in check the amount of carbon dioxide in any body of water. Zoom out from the Chesapeake to the world ocean. Skyrocketing acidity is present in almost every aquatic biome on our planet. When pH is low, coral reefs cannot absorb the calcium carbonate that makes up their skeleton. Corals, along with snails, clams, and urchins, disintegrate en masse. A particularly disturbing image of ocean acidification is its effect on the neurology of fish. Their decision making skills are significantly delayed to the level where they sometimes swim directly into the jaws of predators.

Economically, the UN estimates that ocean acidification will take a $1 trillion bite out of the world economy by the year 2100. This massive cost has direct human implications, including health, job security, and cultural heritage. In addition, the economies of many countries are wholly dependent upon reef based tourism and other activities built around the water.

We need a solution to our world’s rapidly acidifying oceans. If science were to make a major breakthrough, solving this problem would be beneficial to our economy and ecology on an unprecedented scale. Methods that at first appeared brilliant have either been limited by their feasibility or come to be outweighed by their negative side effects, ultimately prolonging the search for a solution.

The unorthodox method of dumping enormous amounts of iron sulphate into the water is based on the principle that iron fertilizes phytoplankton, microscopic organisms found in every body of water. The energy phytoplankton gain from the iron allows them to bloom, absorbing CO 2 from the atmosphere and the ocean. When the phytoplankton die they sink to the bottom of the ocean, locking the CO 2 there for centuries. In 1988, the late oceanographer John Martin proclaimed, “Give me a half tanker of iron, and I will give you an ice age.” It is theorized that fertilizing 2% of the Southern Ocean could set back global warming by 10 years.

Why not implement this magic fix? First off, iron fertilization has come under fire for its negative side effects. A 2016 study in Nature determined that the planktonic blooms would deplete the waters of necessary nutrients. Additionally, when the large bloom dies, it would create large “dead zones,” areas devoid of oxygen and life. Side effects aside, this technique may be entirely ineffective. Carbon dioxide may simply move up the food chain when the phytoplankton are eaten and be respired back into the water. This was observed when the 2009 Lohafex expedition unloaded six tons of iron off the Southern Atlantic. The desired phytoplankton bloom it caused was promptly gobbled up by miniscule organisms known as copepods.

The alternative solution of planting kelp is less drastic. Revitalizing expansive forests of algae has proven to be effective in sucking up underwater CO 2 . Kelp grows as quickly as 18 inches a day, and once established offers the added benefits of providing a habitat for marine species and removing anthropogenic nutrient pollution. Researchers from the Puget Sound Restoration Fund, who have been monitoring the capability of this process, have found that kelp forests are effective at diminishing acidification on a local scale. While planting carbonsucking species across the ocean would not be a feasible global solution, kelp forests could help solve the acidification crises found in less expansive areas.

To date, there is not one straightforward fix to combat ocean acidification and its corrosive effects. If a scientific breakthrough were to occur, it would perhaps be comprised of a combination of methods. However, as science and technology continuously evolve, the key to deacidifying our oceans may well turn out to be something beyond our wildest dreams.

A Revolutionary Combatant to Global Warming

2nd Place Winner, Yale Scientific Magazine National Essay Competition 2017 Arjun Marwaha Fairmont Schools, Anaheim CA

Accelerated industrialization and incredible innovation by the human species has completely morphed our 4.54 billion year-old planetary home in just a few centuries. Through feats of agriculture and language, humans have profoundly suggested superiority over all domains that dwell on Earth. Just recently, the culmination of human capability appears evident; through scientific means such as CRISPR’s gene splicing technique and Elon Musk’s inconceivable vision to send people around the moon, humanity is on the verge of a new creation: a feasible “dominance” over our galaxy.

Nonetheless, several ramifications have scarred our Earth ever since humans have undertook these robust, industrial actions. As first priority, scientists should direct their focus onto preserving our planet from the cataclysmic effects of the greenhouse effect — the trapped carbon dioxide gas in Earth’s atmosphere which thereby generates additional heat into our planet. This can be achieved by developing a renewable energy-based device to chemically convert carbon dioxide into clean products, which in turn will inherently benefit our environment and most definitely the society with the future generation of useful, renewable products.

One prominent solar example of this was physically engineered at the University of Illinois in Chicago, by mechanical engineer Amin Salehi-Khojin, in July of 2016. In their prototyping phase, the research team was able to construct a device that can absorb carbon dioxide, utilize sunlight to break CO2 into “syngas” (gas similar to hydrogen and carbon monoxide), and then use this synthesized gas directly as diesel or be turned into other liquid fuels. Just from this experiment alone, it is discernible that the potential to create such a device to eliminate the excess carbon dioxide exists within the scientific community; thus one can expect multiple breakthroughs in this field in the coming year alone, from solar to maybe even wind based technology. Furthermore, this prototype exemplifies the truly infinite possibilities that renewable energy sources can harness by converting the harmful gas into beneficial compounds.

Indisputably, this methodology has positive consequences, with little to no risk, hence producing an overall positive for both the Earth’s maintenance, and all animals and humans in regards to air quality. However, one may argue that this “breakthrough” has existed for epochs: plants, as they convert the carbon dioxide from the air into valuable sugars through the cyclical, self-sufficient process known as photosynthesis. But due to recent industrialization leading to deforestation, plants in general are becoming more and more rare in an industrial-based city. So without having the plants absorb the toxins and carbon dioxide in the air, the breeding ground for extreme pollution in cities, like New Delhi, India, exists. This eventually triggers an urgent necessity for renewable methods to get rid of these pollutants and toxins; and if plants cease to exist in harsh climates where toxins exist, then this innovative technique of splitting the carbon dioxide into useful products surely will have the ability to stay in industrial cities like these; and if they have capability to withstand the worst toxins, they surely will have the staying power in the international market.

In addition to its efficiency, the mere utilization of such a technology will sincerely resonate with the scientific community. Since numerous attempts have been made by scientists to find sustainable solutions to the greenhouse effect, the community — and more so the public — are desperate for a panacea. This solution not only thrives off the absorption of carbon dioxide, but it also creates several efficient products including but not limited to gaseous compounds that can provide liquid fuel or diesel, thereby acting as a detriment to further carbon emissions. Now, the world has seen this technology exist in one small laboratory. Through extensive research on maximizing the utility of the materials, the next massive breakthrough will be attempting to scale this technology to the international market, while ensuring that this device can be inexpensive as possible so that the scientific community can make some slot of profit. For this effective cost and efficient design, this device can essentially gain international acclaim after scientists give their approval to showcase a brand of these carbon emission combatants, all of which exist in different shape or form but run on renewable, green energy.

Without a cast of a doubt, the renewably-energized devices will completely revolutionize our approach to global warming. By developing a method that can concurrently reduce the carbon dioxide emissions and generating “split” products that promote green energy, the scientific community would absolutely gain the same recognition of this breakthrough as, for instance, circulating two men around the moon. This ideology, in effect, prompts people to question who they really are. Scientists are curious and explorative. But can they halt this mindset and instead focus on a more impeding dynamic: introspection of our character. Thus, it is only ethically sound that we as humans understand one blatant reality: our curiosity has, in essence, disrupted the nature of our Earth. So, it is only morally correct that we humans disband from our brigades in space, leave the hospital’s dissections and illnesses, and truly save our only home known to man.

Congratulations to the winners of the third Yale Scientific Synapse High School Essay Contest!

This year’s essay prompt was: “How does bias affect the course of scientific research? Discuss how public and personal bias has hindered and facilitated scientific progress.”

The Duality of Bias

By rocel beatriz balmes 1st place winner, yale scientific magazine national essay competition 2014 haines city high school lake alfred, florida.

Traditionally defined as a partiality towards particular people, objects, or beliefs, bias has developed a rather negative connotation—particularly in science—of resulting in unfair advantages and, thus, inaccurate results. Though this has, in effect, rendered it equivalent to a social pariah to the scientific community, throughout the years, it has persisted as a definitive barrier to scientific and social progress.

Take, for example, the emergence of “Social Darwinism” in the late 1800s. Despite the fact that Darwin focused only on biological evidence in animals and seldom mentioned ramifications for humans, public bias took the words of famed eugenicist Francis Galton and perpetuated the idea of a biologically superior race. Observing and dissecting the differences between their own fair features and the large lips and dark skin of their slaves, Americans came to the conclusion that they were the de facto superior race in all aspects of humanity, despite the lack of scientific empiricism. Instead of obtaining impartial evidence for their superiority—of which, they would actually find none—they focused their efforts on finding justification for their enslavement and systematic dehumanization of African Americans for centuries to come. Though this pseudoscience was nothing but a gross perversion of Darwin’s widely supported Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection, the concept of a harsher eugenics outlined by Vacher de Lapouge based on this very theory and the idea of white supremacy became the underpinnings of Nazi Germany’s eugenics agenda. This form of scientific racism, verified only by the bias of a racist, ethnocentric society led to the creation of global selective breeding programs that eliminated—and, in fact, continue to eliminate—millions of innocent people leaving only masses of unrealized potential for scientific and social progress.

Unfortunately, such bias is not unique to eras of the past. From the very dawn of its conception in the mid-to-late 1900s, stem cell research has been influenced by bias. Though the utilization of the cells as transformative tissues has been revolutionary, this was only possible with the extraction of the inner cell mass in a human embryo. Such procedures, when first introduced, shocked the public as a process strikingly similar to the very destruction of human life, regardless of the undeveloped status of said human. Researchers were swayed by some of the strongest proponents of the ban of such procedures. Rather than specific religious denominations or political parties, the conflict attracted masses of people from differing backgrounds to forge a formidable opposition to the progression of health science. Consequently, some research institutions succumbed to the period’s public and private moral bias and halted experimentation. That is not to say, of course, that this bias was in any way intended with malice or aimed to deprive severely ill people of life-saving stem cells. Bias—public bias in particular—is oftentimes muddled with the fear of the unorthodox and the unconventional. In this case, though the bias did prevent scientific progression, it is important to note that it was influenced by a people that was, perhaps, not quite ready for such progression.

Alternatively, bias can provide the push that some societies need in order to develop and revolutionize. Just as most words in the English language, the word bias is double-faceted by nature. Far from the unscrupulous reputation it usually holds in science, it can also be defined as a predilection or a fondness for something—an emotion that all scientists must have in order to undertake the challenges of their satisfying yet simultaneously grating careers. Thus, through the years, bias has had the dual role of barrier and catalyst to major scientific breakthroughs.

Take, for example, the conflict with stem cell research. Stem-cell pioneer James Thomson was a researcher in one of only two laboratories in 1998 to successfully extract stem cells and, at the same time, destroy the human embryo from which they were plucked. In a New York Times Article titled “Man Who Helped Start Stem Cell War May End It”, Thomson says that he knew of the social stigma that surrounded his research and that he himself was, at first, very skeptical of the moral implications and had even worked with ethicists before he unknowingly detonated a moral bomb with his ground-breaking scientific research. When public opinion proved to be a seemingly significant barrier biased against his progress, however, instead of backing down and raising the metaphorical white flag of surrender, Thomson’s determination was only fueled by this bias against him. Working with researchers from Kyoto University, Thomson helped developed a new technique of adding a few genes to ordinary skin cells to make them function like stem cells. The scientific ramifications of this ethically sound method are infinite. Aside from the obvious benefits in research, the medical world is now bombarded with revolutionary new methods and treatments as vital tissue generation without the need to wait for donors becomes a possibility. Though the road ahead may still be paved with challenges in production for Thomson, without the public and his own personal bias of morality pressuring him, his systematic search for and discovery of an ethical method would not have become a reality.

Though one might be tempted to label the above example as the exemption to the rule of bias’ role in science, it is important to note that some of the greatest innovations and fundamental truths of our world were conceived under researchers’ personal bias of belief in their ideas. From Galileo Galilei and Louis Pasteur, to Marie Curie and Jane Goodall, these scientists lived during eras during which they were ridiculed by a public inexorably biased against them for daring to have an alternative model of the world and, in the latter individuals’ cases, a gender unorthodox for a scientist. Yet, personal conviction, determination and, yes, bias led these three scientists to international acclaim. Indeed, bias possesses a dual dynamism that allows it to stand as an obstruction to and creator of scientific progress. Suspended between these two polarities is where revolution, innovation, and true science emerge.

Everything is Awesome

By marina tinone 2nd place winner, yale scientific magazine national essay competition 2014 william h. hall high school west hartford, connecticut.

My brother and I were blessed to have our own Lego collections. Our rooms were lined with shelves and shelves of our own creations, some of them built using the instructions from the Lego sets, most of them made by ourselves. We ditched the boring booklets in the box and just made what we needed.

For my brother, his bricks were used to build complex helicopters and submarines, usually creating machines significantly more complicated than the ones designed by Lego. When I asked him about his submarine, and why all the pieces he used weren’t the same color, he told me that the submarine was supposed to be invisible, so the colors didn’t need to match. Besides, the hinges, the pulleys, the contraptions he made by himself– those were the important parts.

In my world, my Lego creations weren’t invisible. My stuffed animals needed sleds to play in the snow, houses to sleep in, school buses to go to school in the morning and come back in the evening. My machines were not as complex as my brother’s, but they worked, and my colors matched. The stuffed animals needed their yellow school buses, and I thought a sled would look nice in blue.

My brother’s Legos always impressed our parents. He definitely had the eyes of an engineer, a scientist. Now, when Mom and Dad looked into my room and watched their daughter raise a blue sled loaded with stuffed rabbits into the air, well… the kids were different, that’s for sure.

Watching my brother receive praise for his creations from our chemist and engineer parents, I thought that science was restricted to those interests. Science was for the ones who made Legos for the sake of the machine, not for the ones whose stuffed rabbits wore scarves.

I wonder– did the world think the same way I did when Rosalind Picard introduced affective computing in 1997? Upon learning more about the limbic system and its role in shaping perception, Picard realized that it was not enough to simply create new microprocessors and develop energy-efficient chips if they didn’t interact with the user’s emotions and social cues. Technology needed a more human touch to develop. When she created this novel field and opened it to the world, did her peers find such emotion-based studies unworthy? Did they believe that such “science” was an aberration to the disciplines that touted rational, sentiment-free thinking?

As Picard explained to Adam Higginbotham of Wired magazine, “I realized we’re not going to build intelligent machines until we build, if not something we call emotion, then something that functions like our emotion systems.”

Today, there is an international conference and a journal dedicated to affective computing, and labs around the world continue to further the field by finding applications for their “intelligent machines” to shape how we interact with technology every day.

What about those who supported computer science in the 1970s, back when computer science looked like a pile of hole-punched papers? Computer scientists once had to suade others of the viability of a field that would later become one of the most relevant and lucrative areas of study.

What about Gregor Mendel’s investigation with pea plants in 1866? Mendel’s contemporaries criticizing his work surely did not know that he would be credited for fathering the ever-evolving field of genetics.

What about Edward Jenner’s smallpox vaccine in 1798? No one believed that the ungodly idea of infecting someone to treat someone would save millions of lives.

Did those biased against the potential, the validity of these new fields and scientific pursuits, really understand their purposes and merits? With their closed interpretations of science, did they really understand what science is and can be? Over time, scientists have attempted to define science. Astronomer Carl Sagan asserted that “Science is a way of thinking much more than it is a body of knowledge.” Physicist Stephen Hawking describes science as “not only a disciple of reason but, also, one of romance and passion.”

Although both eloquently stated their thoughts, I am convinced by the words of chemist Marie Curie –

“I am among those who think that science has great beauty. A scientist in his laboratory is not only a technician; he is also a child placed before natural phenomena which impress him like a fairy tale. We should not allow it to be believed that all scientific progress can be reduced to mechanism, machines, gearings, even though such machinery also has its own beauty.”

I remember comparing my blue sled to my brother’s invisible submarine, and I hold onto my creation a little tighter. Maybe there is something more to science than my brother’s sophisticated machines. When my younger self stood in her room, surrounded by her Lego bricks, she shouldn’t have diminished the progress she had made in her Lego laboratory, just because she didn’t use pulleys or interlocking gears.

I shouldn’t have been so close-minded against my own science, just because the world around me was biased against my ideas. From my studies, I hypothesized, I tested, I built upon my past results. My world needed science, but it didn’t need what had already been done, or was already deemed acceptable. It needed my own input. Call my ideas biased, call them faulted. But without the individuals interpreting and solving their world’s struggles using their own definitions, science would cease to develop.

Scientists continue to stand in their laboratories in child-like wonder, enraptured by the phenomena that enchant them, in all shapes and forms. Science is about discovering what you find beautiful in your world, and working, playing, in order to fulfill your personal curiosity and the needs of your imagination.

Let’s sit down. Let’s open up those boxes filled with possibilities. Throw away the instructions.

Let’s play.

The Good and Bad of Bias and Prejudice in Science

By jonathan chan 3rd place winner, yale scientific magazine national essay competition 2014 milton academy milton, massachusetts.

Scientists take pride in using the scientific method that dictates testing a hypothesis dispassionately with objective experiments, scrutinizing that the results are replicable, presenting all the data for independent peer review, and addressing any dissenting views vigorously. Over the years, scientists have been very successful in creating the public myth that they love second guessing their own hypotheses to safeguard themselves from unintentional bias and prejudice. This rigorous process has enabled science to become exalted as an arbiter of truth by most people. In reality, however, scientists behave very differently and bias in scientific research is in fact quite common; a steadily growing number of published papers have been found to be not replicable, calling into question the validity of many widely accepted hypotheses.

Scientists are humans, with personal beliefs and values. It is human nature to look for evidence to support one’s beliefs. A fundamental flaw of human nature is its love for being proven right and hate for being proven wrong. This flaw causes scientists to unconsciously find data to confirm their preferred hypotheses or preconceptions, and they overlook – even disregard – evidence that is contrary. This phenomenon is known to psychologists as “confirmation bias”. A study of the efficacy of Chinese acupuncture is an interesting example of how cultural beliefs of scientists affect their research. Clinical experiments on acupuncture performed in Asia overwhelmingly support its therapeutic effectiveness, while trials implemented in the West show inconclusive results.

“Confirmation bias” can influence every step of any scientific experiment set up to test a hypothesis, from how the experiment is designed, to how the results are measured, to how the data are interpreted. Scientific research today is highly competitive and involves significant financial resources; a culture of publish or perish is pervasive. There is constant pressure on scientists to generate groundbreaking discoveries in drugs, materials, and technologies. The experimental methods are highly complex, and as a result, “positive results” are extremely difficult to produce, measure, and assess. No wonder many researchers become overly excited over the first piece of positive data, giving it biased prominence over the mundane, negative results and subsequently “shoe- horning” the flawed data that eventuate a faulty conclusion.

In theory, peer review by independent professionals and publications should provide an effective defense against these subtle biases. In practice, however, this process is just as prone to the same kind of confirmation biases which favors positive results over null data and negative hypotheses. A recent study on the selection process of scientific publications concludes that papers are less likely to be published and to be cited if they report “negative” results. A prominent example of this institutional bias involves a high-profile study which linked child MMR vaccination with increased incidences of autism. This study caused widespread panic and resulted in a detrimental decade-long decrease in child immunization. Although numerous studies were conducted at the same time supporting a contrary conclusion, these “negative-result” papers failed to gain the level of attention of the “positive-result” paper the retraction of which took ten years.

History is replete with incidences where biases and prejudices have not only steered scientific research, but also fostered malicious prejudice of the research on an unsuspecting public. The prejudicial practice of eugenics in the early 1900’s caused thousands of innocent people to be labeled as inferior and unjustly persecuted for no scientific reason. Lysenkoism in the 1930’s in the Soviet Union advocated bias and useless “scientific” methods to increase crop yields for political purpose, resulting in the deaths of millions of starving peasants. On the other hand, bias has not always hindered scientific progress. Scientists in the past could not have known whether their brilliant ideas were right or wrong. Many of the problems they were trying to solve were not only difficult but also inductive due to a lack of evidence. These ideas necessarily originated as wild guesses encompassing the scientists’ individual biases and prevailing societal values.

Astrophysicist Mario Livio in his book “Brilliant Blunders” provides a litany of bias- induced scientific blunders which in time transformed into breakthrough scientific discoveries. Linus Pauling was a protein specialist and was likely to be biased in favor of proteins, which fueled his erroneous prediction of the DNA structure. Charles Darwin came out with the flawed theory of inheritance because he was likely influenced by the biases of the plant and animal breeders prevalent during his career. Lord Kelvin’s inordinate devotion to tidy mathematics and his bias against messiness resulted in his inaccurate calculation of earth’s age.

However, as these unconscious personal biases and societal prejudices are “uncovered” and properly understood, this development can actually facilitate the pursuit of true scientific knowledge. Bias and prejudice in science have caused unfortunate setbacks but at the same time have generated clarity for decisive shifts in thinking and accelerated advances. The scientific process is complex, messy, and at times even boring, full of starts and stops. Yet, this system of inquiry encompasses a self-correcting tendency which has withstood the test of time and remains a stunning success in understanding nature and improving lives. As influential German philosopher Hans-Gerog Gadamer writes: a researcher “cannot separate in advance the productive prejudices that enable understanding from the prejudices that hinder it”. Preconceptions can spur as well as blind in scientific research.

Unfortunately, scientific research today may have become overly zealous in guarding itself against biases and prejudices, succumbing to politically correct social forces and avoiding tackling sensitive problems and issues which may offend the prevailing public morality. Scientific research is increasingly constrained by these forces dictating what topics can be studied, how we study them, why we need to study them, and who gets to do the studying. A bigger crisis looms should science lose its relevance and importance due to excessive fear of unavoidable bias and prejudice in scientific research. As the Wright brothers said: “If a man is in too big a hurry to give up an error he is liable to give up some truth with it.”[/vc_column_text][vc_button2 title=”Go back” style=”square” color=”sky” size=”sm” link=”url:http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yalescientific.org%2Fsynapse%2Fcontest-winners%2F|title:Contest%20Winners|”][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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District 12 Science Day gets Appalachian kids excited about STEM

Have you ever wondered how momentum affects how far you can jump? Do you want to know which portable water purification system works the best? The answers to those questions—and dozens more—were found at the 2024 District 12 Science Day hosted by Ohio University’s Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Service on March 23.

This year featured more than 110 students from eight counties in Southeast Ohio who competed in areas ranging from behavioral sciences and microbiology to physics, mathematics and engineering. Support for this event is provided by Ohio AEP and the Appalachian New Economy Partnership (ANEP).

More than 60 projects were submitted to the Ohio State Science Day judging committee this year, with 36 entrants earning a Superior rating. This achievement allows these students to showcase their work at the state event in Columbus on May 11. The return to pre-pandemic levels of participation was a source of pride for Professor Natalie Kruse Daniels, director of the Environmental Studies Program at the Voinovich School.

“We sent a higher percentage to the State Science Day this year,” she says. “It’s a testament to the resilience and dedication of our students and a wonderful way to showcase the future of science and engineering in Southeast Ohio.”

STEM students in Southeast Ohio face unique challenges due to socio-economic factors, including limited access to broadband internet, computers, and the software necessary for project submission. Recognizing these barriers, the Voinovich School steps in to provide crucial support, such as covering the entry fees for Science Day , ensuring that financial constraints do not hinder participation. This support, which is made possible through state funding and grants, is a game-changer for STEM education in Appalachia.

"State funding makes such a difference to STEM education in Appalachia,” says Kruse Daniels. “It allows students to participate and gain that experience regardless of their family’s financial situation.”

The Voinovich School staff works closely with area schools to assist them in various aspects of STEM education and Science Day, but the teachers in each district do the heavy lifting.

“The teachers are incredible; they put in so many hours to help the students,” says Kruse Daniels. “We support them in various ways, and it’s critical for kids to participate.”

Jenni Domo, a science teacher at Unioto Elementary in Chillicothe, supervised more than 140 science projects from grades 1-6 at the school, eventually sending seven to the District 12 event. Three went on to the state event, with one— the jumping project —deemed Superior.

Domo works tirelessly throughout the year, directly with students and expanding the STEM curriculum, working with higher education on content and her knowledge of best practices for elementary-aged students. For her, the Voinovich School plays a crucial role in the process.

“The Voinovich School is the secret sauce,” says Domo. “They’re crucial in meshing content with the pedagogical knowledge and giving us the support we need. They’re awesome.”

Science Friday

May 3, 2024.

Science Friday is live from Ames, Iowa, home to prairies, greater prairie chickens, and an array of wildlife. Plus, the co-emergence of two periodical cicada broods is underway. Scientists have tips for how to experience the event. And, as the “Universe of Art” podcast turns one, listeners discuss solar music boxes and what it’s like making art with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Listen to full episode

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Panama Supreme Court rejects challenge to candidacy of presidential frontrunner days before vote

Achieving Goals presidential candidate Jose Raul Mulino holds a press conference after meeting with members of the Electoral Observation Mission, in Panama City, Wednesday, May 1, 2024. Panama will hold general elections on May 5. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

Supporters of Achieving Goals presidential candidate Jose Raul Mulino attend a campaign rally in Panama City, Sunday, April 28, 2024. Panama will hold general elections on May 5. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

A dog dons a face cutout of Achieving Goals presidential candidate Jose Raul Mulino during a campaign event, in Panama City, Friday, April 26, 2024. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

Former President Ricardo Martinelli sends a video message to supporters of presidential candidate Jose Raul Mulino during a campaign rally’s closing event in Panama City, Sunday, April 28, 2024. Panama will hold general elections on May 5. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

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PANAMA CITY (AP) — Panama’s Supreme Court rejected a constitutional challenge to the candidacy of leading presidential contender José Raúl Mulino on Friday, removing an element of uncertainty two days before the May 5 vote.

The court was ruling on a challenge from lawyer Karisma Etienne Karamañites, who argued that Mulino was not eligible because he had not been selected through a primary by the Achieving Goals party of former president Ricardo Martinelli.

Magistrate María Eugenia López, the Supreme Court’s president, read a statement on behalf of the court Friday, noting that there had been eight votes to reject the constitutional challenge and one dissent.

“What has moved this constitutional tribunal in the historic moment in which we find ourselves is the defense of our country and democracy, as well as institutionality, social peace, the right to elect and to be elected, political pluralism, and let’s not forget the important role played by the political parties,” she said.

Panama’s Electoral Tribunal in March barred Martinelli from standing , cutting short his attempted political revival, because he had been sentenced to more than 10 years in prison for money laundering. Panama’s constitution bars anyone sentenced to five years or more for a crime from holding elected office.

The presidential candidate of Achieving Goals, Jose Raul Mulino, addresses supporters during a campaign rally in Panama City, Sunday, April 28, 2024. Panama will hold general elections on May 5. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

When Martinelli was blocked, Mulino, a 64-year-old maritime lawyer and former security minister, instantly became the frontrunner, despite not having Martinelli’s charisma or popular appeal.

Martinelli has campaigned for his former running mate from inside the walls of Nicaragua’s embassy, where he took refuge in February after receiving political asylum from that government.

With Mulino still in the race, seven candidates will compete in Sunday’s election.

Another candidate, Melitón Arrocha, who had been trailing in polls, announced he would end his campaign and throw his support to ex-President Martín Torrijos.

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Here are some sample essays on science day. 100 Words Essay on Science Day. Science Day is a significant event that is celebrated globally to mark the anniversary of the discovery of the Raman Effect by the Indian physicist, Sir C.V. Raman, on February 28, 1928.
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500 Words Essay On Science in Everyday Life. Science is a big blessing to humanity. Furthermore, science, in spite of some of its negativities, makes lives better for people by removing ignorance, suffering and hardship. Let us take a look at the impact of science in our lives with this essay on science in everyday life.
National Science Day Speech 2024 in English
National Science Day is celebrated on 28th February every year in India. It commemorates the discovery of the Raman Effect by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928. The Raman Effect is a phenomenon in which light changes its wavelength when it passes through a medium. The discovery of the Raman Effect earned Sir C.V. Raman the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.
National Science Day 2024: History, Theme, Celebrations & Significance
51401. National Science Day (28 February) is the day when India commemorates the discovery of Raman Effect along with appreciating the contributions of our scientific community. With the theme of "Indigenous Technologies for Viksit Bharat", the nation is all set to celebrate National Science Day 2024 on 28th February 2024.
World Science Day for Peace and Development
10 November. Celebrated every 10 November, World Science Day for Peace and Development highlights the important role of science in society and the need to engage the wider public in debates on emerging scientific issues. It also underlines the importance and relevance of science in our daily lives. By linking science more closely with society ...
Essay on Science for Students and Children
Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas. Science as a Subject. In class 1 only a student has Science as a subject. This only tells us about the importance of Science. Science taught us about Our Solar System. The Solar System consists of 9 planets and the Sun. Most Noteworthy was that it also tells us about the origin of our ...
Essays About Science: Top 12 Examples And Prompts
3. Reflections from a Nobel winner: Scientists need time to make discoveries by Donna Strickland. "We must give scientists the opportunity through funding and time to pursue curiosity-based, long-term, basic-science research. Work that does not have direct ramifications for industry or our economy is also worthy.
Essay on Science and Technology for Students and Children
500+ Words Essay on Science and Technology. Essay on Science and Technology: Science and technology are important parts of our day to day life. We get up in the morning from the ringing of our alarm clocks and go to bed at night after switching our lights off. All these luxuries that we are able to afford are a resultant of science and technology.
National Science Day Speech in English for Students
Science Day, observed on varying dates across different nations, stands as a poignant reminder of the remarkable strides accomplished in the realm of science. It prompts individuals to recognize the scientific method, nurturing curiosity and advocating for science education. ... Essay on National Science Day in English for Students. National ...
International Day of Women and Girls in Science
The 9th International Day of Women and Girls in Science Assembly will take place on 8-9 February 2024 at the United Nations Headquarters, New York City ( subject to availability and approval ...
'Shut up and calculate': how Einstein lost the battle to explain
Jim Baggott is a science writer based in Cape Town, South Africa. He is co-author with John Heilbron of Quantum Drama. Quantum mechanics is an extraordinarily successful scientific theory, on ...
Essay on National Science Day
National Science Day Essay 10 Lines (100 - 150 Words) 1) Every Year on 28 February, India observes National Science Day. 2) This day commemorates the discovery of the "Raman Effect" on 28 February 1928. 3) Dr. CV Raman discovered the 'Raman Effect' and received Nobel Prize in 1930. 4) National Science Day is observed at the request of ...
Winning Essays
Entangled in a Quantum Future. 1st Place Winner, Yale Scientific Magazine National Essay Competition 2019. Kelvin Kim. Bergen Catholic High School, Oradell, NJ. The rate of discovery in science has accelerated dramatically since the 20th century. This should not be surprising since our knowledge base doubles approximately every 13 months.
District 12 Science Day gets Appalachian kids excited about STEM
Jenni Domo, a science teacher at Unioto Elementary in Chillicothe, supervised more than 140 science projects from grades 1-6 at the school, eventually sending seven to the District 12 event. Three went on to the state event, with one—the jumping project—deemed Superior.
May 3, 2024
Science Friday is live from Ames, Iowa, home to prairies, greater prairie chickens, and an array of wildlife. Plus, the co-emergence of two periodical cicada broods is underway. Scientists have tips for how to experience the event. And, as the "Universe of Art" podcast turns one, listeners discuss solar music boxes and what it's like making art with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Panama Supreme Court rejects challenge to candidacy of presidential
PANAMA CITY (AP) — Panama's Supreme Court rejected a constitutional challenge to the candidacy of leading presidential contender José Raúl Mulino on Friday, removing an element of uncertainty two days before the May 5 vote.. The court was ruling on a challenge from lawyer Karisma Etienne Karamañites, who argued that Mulino was not eligible because he had not been selected through a ...

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