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Free download in PDF Research Methodology Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) & Answers. These multiple choice questions on Research Methodology are very useful for PhD entrance exam.

View Answer

Answer: Helps those interested in further research and studying the problem from another angle

Answer: It depends on your point of view

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Answer: Pr absorbs red light and becomes Pfr

Answer: Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis

Answer: A hypothesis

Answer: Sampling people, newspapers, television programmes etc.

Answer: Introduction; Literature review; Research methods; Results; Discussion; Conclusion

Answer: Research questions

Answer: Experimental studies

Answer: Laboratory and field experiments

Answer: Reference collection

Answer: Emphasis upon the control of the immediate situation

Answer: Longitudinal

Answer: Cross-sectional studies

Answer: Variables

Answer: All of these

Answer: General terms

Answer: Inadequate sample

Answer: Fact finding (historical) studies

Answer: Booth

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All Solved MCQs on Research Methodology

In this post, we have posted 20 Solved MCQs on Research Methodology . Every question is consisted of four options. The answer is bold with black colour.

The Given Solved MCQs on Research Methodology are targeted to the students who are pursuing the subject of Research Methodology as a part of their degree or post graduate degree courses in criminology, law, sociology, social work, etc.

Multiple Choice Questions on Research Methodology

1. Which of the following is the role of a conclusion:

 To gives an ending to your project and highlight what a research result means

 To help the researcher explain how his/her research contributes to the new knowledge.

 To give an impression of the work done by the researcher.

 All the above.

2. A good conclusion can be:

 A repetition of the researcher’s work

 One line.

 Blue-print of the research.

3. A Conclusion should just repeat what the researcher has said in the Research.

 False

4. The Conclusion is a good place to add in all the extra ideas the researcher could not fit in his research.

  False

5. The Conclusion should bring all ideas of the researcher together to justify his/her final view on the topic.

  True

6. The Conclusion is a great place to put all the favorite quotes of the researcher from the book that could fit in the research.

7. The Conclusion is a good place to give suggestions how one can take action or change one’s ideas based on the issues discussed in the research.

8. A Researcher should give his/her own opinion in the Research.

9. A Researcher should explain why he/she feels the stated way about the text/topic, referring to the ideas in the research.

10. A good Conclusion could be just one line.                     

11. A Conclusion should use the key words from the Research.

12. According to David Bunton, A well written conclusion should not –

 Present the last word on the issues you raised in your paper.

 Summarize the Research.

 Ignore the importance of the Researcher’s ideas.

 Introduce the new ways or expanded ways of thinking on the issue.

13. A Good Conclusion will refer to the objectives of the research to bring the research to a clear end.

14. A Good Conclusion should not be:

 Clear

 Simple

 Precise

  Ambiguous

15. While drawing conclusion, the method used should be :

  Induction

 Deduction

 Both the methods

 None of the Methods

16. A Researcher should avoid which of the following things while writing a conclusion:

 Unnecessary information

 Ignoring the negative results

 Providing a clear summary

 It should match with the objectives

17. According to Martyn Shuttleworth, a research should draw conclusion on the basis of which of the following points:

 Learning that has been done in the Research

 Evaluation of the Flaws

 Benefits of the Research

 All the above

18. The most important role played by a good Conclusion is:

 It generates the aspects for future research.

 It does not summarise the research.

 It is not a blue-print of the research.

 It does not pave way for new research.

19. A conclusion should:

 Not convey the last words.

 Not identify how a gap has been addressed in literature.

 Not give importance to the researcher’s ideas.

 None of the above

20. In  conclusion, a researcher cannot:

 Add new ideas that did not fit in research.

 Use Key words.

 Give his own opinion.

 Summarize his research.

Others Solved MCQs on Research Methodology

Credit : SWAYAM (Instructor: Prof. Bajpai)

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50 Best MCQs on Research Methodology for PhD Entrance Exams 2024

Prepare to ace your PhD entrance examination with the 50 Best MCQs on Research Methodology. Sharpen your skills and get ready for success!

Table of Contents

50 best mcqs on research methodology.

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-1

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of scientific research?

A) Objectivity

B) Subjectivity

C) Systematic

D) Empirical

Answer: B) Subjectivity

2. The process of reviewing existing literature to gather information and ideas related to a research topic is known as:

A) Data analysis

B) Data collection

C) Literature review

D) Data interpretation

Answer: C) Literature review

3. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative research method?

B) Case study

C) Ethnography

D) Grounded theory

Answer: A) Survey

4. What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?

A) To test the feasibility of the main study

B) To gather preliminary data

C) To refine research methods

D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

5. In a normal distribution curve, what percentage of data falls within one standard deviation from the mean?

Answer: A) 68%

6. Which sampling method involves selecting every nth member from a list to be included in the sample?

A) Stratified sampling

B) Systematic sampling

C) Convenience sampling

D) Snowball sampling

Answer: B) Systematic sampling

7. Which of the following is NOT a component of a research proposal?

A) Abstract

B) Introduction

D) Data analysis

Answer: D) Data analysis

8. What is the primary purpose of an experimental research design?

A) To establish cause-and-effect relationships

B) To describe and understand phenomena

C) To explore relationships between variables

D) To gather in-depth insights

Answer: A) To establish cause-and-effect relationships

9. Which statistical test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two independent groups?

C) Chi-square test

D) Pearson correlation

Answer: A) t-test

10. What is the term for the extent to which research findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

A) Validity

B) Reliability

C) Generalizability

D) Replicability

Answer: C) Generalizability

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-2

11. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?

A) Random sampling

B) Stratified sampling

D) Cluster sampling

Answer: C) Convenience sampling

12. What is the purpose of informed consent in research involving human subjects?

A) To ensure participants are paid for their time

B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks

C) To guarantee confidentiality of participants’ data

D) To provide participants with an opportunity to withdraw from the study at any time

Answer: B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks

13. Which of the following is NOT a type of qualitative data analysis?

A) Content analysis

B) Descriptive statistics

C) Thematic analysis

Answer: B) Descriptive statistics

14. What is the term for a test’s ability to measure what it claims to measure?

A) Reliability

B) Validity

D) Precision

Answer: B) Validity

15. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?

A) Standard deviation

D) Variance

Answer: B) Median

16. What type of research design involves studying the same group of individuals over an extended period?

A) Cross-sectional

B) Longitudinal

C) Experimental

D) Case study

Answer: B) Longitudinal

17. Which of the following is NOT a step in the quantitative research process?

A) Data collection

B) Hypothesis generation

C) Theory development

Answer: C) Theory development

18. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?

A) Social desirability bias

B) Hawthorne effect

C) Confirmation bias

D) Placebo effect

Answer: B) Hawthorne effect

19. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?

A) Temporal precedence

B) Covariation of cause and effect

C) Correlation

D) Absence of confounding variables

Answer: C) Correlation

20. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?

A) To ensure research findings are accurate

B) To provide constructive feedback to authors

C) To determine whether a study is worthy of publication

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-3

21. Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

D) Test scores

Answer: D) Test scores

22. What is the term for a systematic error in measurement that leads to consistent underestimation or overestimation of the true value?

A) Random error

B) Sampling error

D) Variability

Answer: C) Bias

23. Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?

A) Test-retest reliability

B) Internal consistency reliability

C) Inter-rater reliability

D) Construct reliability

Answer: D) Construct reliability

24. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which a study’s findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

A) Internal validity

B) External validity

C) Construct validity

D) Content validity

Answer: B) External validity

25. Which of the following is NOT an ethical principle governing research involving human subjects?

A) Respect for persons

B) Beneficence

Answer: D) Honesty

26. What type of research design is characterized by the researcher’s direct involvement in the research setting?

A) Experimental

B) Ex post facto

C) Observational

D) Correlational

Answer: C) Observational

27. What is the term for a measure’s consistency or stability over time?

Answer: B) Reliability

28. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

A) Simple random sampling

B) Quota sampling

C) Snowball sampling

D) Systematic sampling

Answer: C) Snowball sampling

29. What is the term for a type of research that seeks to describe and understand phenomena in their natural settings?

A) Experimental research

B) Quantitative research

C) Qualitative research

D) Mixed-methods research

Answer: C) Qualitative research

30. Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?

Answer: C) Range

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-4

31. Which of the following is NOT a type of experimental design?

A) Pre-experimental design

B) Quasi-experimental design

C) True experimental design

D) Descriptive design

Answer: D) Descriptive design

32. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants provide responses they believe are socially acceptable rather than their true opinions?

Answer: A) Social desirability bias

33. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative data collection method?

B) Interview

C) Observation

D) Focus group discussion

34. Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

B) Marital status

D) Country of residence

Answer: C) Age

35. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

A) Cluster sampling

B) Convenience sampling

C) Stratified sampling

D) Random sampling

Answer: B) Convenience sampling

36. What is the term for a measure’s ability to produce consistent results when administered multiple times?

37. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?

38. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?

39. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?

40. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-5

41. Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

42. What is the term for a systematic error in measurement that leads to consistent underestimation or overestimation of the true value?

43. Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?

44. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which a study’s findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

45. Which of the following is NOT an ethical principle governing research involving human subjects?

46. What type of research design is characterized by the researcher’s direct involvement in the research setting?

47. What is the term for a measure’s consistency or stability over time?

48. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

49. What is the term for a type of research that seeks to describe and understand phenomena in their natural settings?

50. Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?

What is Research Methodology ?

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430+ Research Methodology (RM) Solved MCQs

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Research Methodology Quiz | MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

In order to enhance your understanding of research methodology, we have made thought-provoking quiz featuring multiple-choice questions.

This quiz served as a tool to assess your knowledge and comprehension of various research techniques and methodologies. Each question presented unique scenarios, challenging you to analyze and select the most appropriate methodological approach.

The quiz aimed to sharpen your critical thinking skills and reinforce our grasp on essential concepts in the realm of research. By actively participating in this exercise, we deepened your appreciation for the significance of selecting the right research methods to achieve reliable and meaningful results.

Other articles

Please read through some of our other articles with examples and explanations if you’d like to learn more about research methodology.

• PLS-SEM model
• Principal Components Analysis
• Multivariate Analysis
• Friedman Test
• Chi-Square Test (Χ²)
• Effect Size

 Methodology

• Research Methodology Quiz MCQ
• Research Methods
• Quantitative Research
• Qualitative Research
• Case Study Research
• Survey Research
• Conclusive Research
• Descriptive Research
• Cross-Sectional Research
• Theoretical Framework
• Conceptual Framework
• Triangulation
• Grounded Theory
• Quasi-Experimental Design
• Mixed Method
• Correlational Research
• Randomized Controlled Trial
• Stratified Sampling
• Ethnography
• Ghost Authorship
• Secondary Data Collection
• Primary Data Collection
• Ex-Post-Facto
• Table of Contents
•   Dissertation Topic
• Thesis Statement
• Research Proposal
• Research Questions
• Research Problem
• Research Gap
• Types of Research Gaps
• Operationalization of Variables
• Literature Review
• Research Hypothesis
• Questionnaire
• Reliability
• Measurement of Scale
• Sampling Techniques
• Acknowledgements

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Multiple Choice Questions for everyone

Research methodology MCQ for Ph.D. entrance exam

In this blog post, we have given research methodology MCQs that are useful for the Ph.D. entrance exam .

More , Research Methodology MCQ with answers

Research methodology MCQs

1. The purpose of correlation research is to:

 study the relationship between two or more than two variables

 predict the criterion variable on the basis of predictor variable

  Both (1) and (ii)

 Neither (i) Nor(ii)

2. Which of the following research objectives can be an example of correlational research ?

 To study the relationship between mechanical aptitude and the performance of students in three year diploma in mechanical engineering

 To predict the performance of three years diploma students of mechanical engineering on the basis of their mechanical aptitude

 Both (i) & (ii)

 Neither (i) Nor (ii)

3. Which of the following is an example of directional hypothesis for a correlation study?

 There is no significant correlation between the job stress and job satisfaction of teachers.

 Higher the job stress, lower is the job satisfaction among teachers.

 There exists significant negative correlation between job stress and job satisfaction of teachers

  Both (ii) & (iii)

4. In a study related to job performance of graduates and their performance in class XII and four year degree programme, the criterion variable will be:

 Job performance

 Performance in four year degree programme

 Performance in class XII

 Both (II) and (iii)

5. Correlation can be:

 Positive

 Negative

 All of the above

6. Which of the following studies can be classified as ex-post facto research?

 Effect of active learning strategies on the achievement of learners in Software Engineering course.

 Effect of Induction Training Programme on the Teaching Effectiveness of Teachers

 Effect of medium of instruction and place of location of school on the performance in joint entrance examination for engineering programmes.

 Effect of training in creative problem solving on problem solving ability of learners.

7. In ex-post facto studies:

 cause has already occured

 effect has already occured

  Both cause and effect have already occurred

 Neither cause nor effect has already occurred

8. In ex-post facto research, the researcher:

 First selects the two groups with one group possessing the characteristic of interest and another  not possessing the characteristic and then identifies the cause or causes

 First identifies the cause and then selects the groups

 Both (i) and (ii)

9. Ex-post Facto research is preferred over experimental research, when the researcher:

 cannot manipulate the independent variable

 can manipulate the independent variable

 can control the extraneous variables

 can randomly allocate groups to experimental and control group

10. Ex-post facto research aims at establishing:

 True cause and effect relationships

 Tentaive cause and effect relationships

11. Experimental research aims at:

 Establishing plausible cause and effect relationship

 Establishing true cause and effect relationships

 Determining relationships among variables

 Determining status of resources, facilities, opinions etc.

12. Which of the following studies is an example of experimental study?

 Effect of place of residence on the communication and confidence of first year students.

 Effect of active learning strategy on the achievement in the course on soil engineering.

 Effect of training on the teaching effectiveness of teachers in the technical institutions.

 Both (ii) & (iii)

13. A researcher uses intact sections of students to study effect of collaborative activities on the team building and interpersonal skills of final year students of Electronics &Communication Engineering. He will use the:

 True experimental design

 Quasi experimental design

 Pseudo research design

 One group design pretest post test design

14. Pretest Post test control group design involves:

 Random selection of sample  

 Random allotment of treatment to two groups

15. Which of the following could be the objective of  an experimental study?

 To study reactions of alumni regarding the quality of education.

 To determine the degree of utilization of various resources in the degree institutions of J&K.

 To study the effect of collaborative strategies on the team bullding and communication skills of final year students of civil engineering.

 To study the relationship between the gender and attitude towards information & communication technologies.

16. Which of the following are applicable to Action research :

  Undertaken by a practitioner

 Involves a problem  specific to a context

 Findings are implemented by the practitioner

17. The findings of a study undertaken by a teacher to improve student participation in his first year class will be applicable to:

 Students of his institution

 Students of first year in his institution

 Students of his class

 Students of first year of various colleges in the city

18. Internal validity refers to:

 Controlling factors affecting the generalizability of the experiment

 Controlling variables that can cause contamination with in an experiment

 Both(i) and (ii)

19. Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of action research?

 Data are collected systematically.

 Data are analyzed systematically.

 Findings are generalizable

 Results are used to improve classroom practices

20. The action research process is depicted as spiralling process because:

 The process continues even after data collection and analysis , and actions are taken based on findings.

 Data collection continues during data analysis

 Results are analyzed and used by other researchers to conduct other investigations

 The action researcher continues to study other topics of interest after the initial study is complete.

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Research Methodology Mock Test (PhD Entrance Test)

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• Research Methodology 0%

1 . Question

Who was the author of the book named “Methods in Social Research”?

• Goode and Hatt

Goode and Halt

Explanation: The book named “Methods in Social Research” was authored by Goode and Hatt on Dec 01, 1952, which was specifically aimed to improve student’s knowledge as well as response skills.

2 . Question

What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis?

• Association among variables
• Difference among variables
• Regression among variables
• Variations among variables

Explanation:  Mainly the correlational analysis focus on finding the association between one or more quantitative independent variables and one or more quantitative dependent variables.

3 . Question

What is the name of the conceptual framework in which the research is carried out?

• Research hypothesis
• Synopsis of Research
• Research paradigm
• Research design

Explanation:  A conceptual framework can be understood as a Research design that you require before research.

4 . Question

What is the main role of research in education?

• To upsurge one's social status.
• To increase one's job prospects.
• To augment one's personal growth.
• To help an applicant in becoming a renowned educationalist.

To help an applicant in becoming a renowned educationalist

Explanation:  Educational research can be defined as an assurance for reviewing and improving educational practice, which will result in becoming a renowned educationalist.

5 . Question

Which of the following features are considered as critical in qualitative research?

• Collecting data with the help of standardized research tools
• Design sampling with probability sample techniques
• Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence
• Gathering data with top-down schematic evidence
• Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.

Explanation:  In qualitative research, we use an inductive methodology that starts from particular to general. In other words, we study society from the bottom, then move upward to make the theories.

6 . Question

How is random sampling helpful?

• Reasonably accurate
• An economical method of data collection
• Free from personal biases
• All of the above

Explanation:  In random sampling, for each element of the set, there exist a possibility to get selected.

7 . Question

A research intends to explore the result of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study?

• Descriptive survey method
• Historical method
• Ex-post facto method
• Experimental method

Explanation:  Mainly in the ex-post facto method, the existing groups with qualities are compared on some dependent variable. It is also known as quasi-experimental for the fact that instead of randomly assigning the subjects, they are grouped on the basis of a particular characteristic or trait.

8 . Question

Tippit table refers to as _________

• Table of random digits
• The table used in sampling methods
• The table used in statistical investigations

Explanation:  Tippit table was first published by L.H.C Tippett in 1927.

9 . Question

In order to pursue the research, which of the following is priorly required?

• Developing a research design
• Formulating a research question
• Deciding about the data analysis procedure
• Formulating a research hypothesis

Explanation:  Before starting with research, it is necessary to have a research question or a topic because once the problem is identified, then we can decide the research design.

10 . Question

The format of thesis writing is the same as in

• Writing of Seminar representation
• Preparation of research paper/article
• A research dissertation
• Presenting a workshop/conference paper

Explanation:  The format of thesis writing is similar to that of a research dissertation, or we can simply say that dissertation is another word for a thesis.

11 . Question

Which one among the following statements is false in the context of participatory research?

• It recognizes knowledge as power
• It is a collective process of inquiry
• It emphasizes people as experts
• Its sole purpose is the production of knowledge

Explanation:  Participatory action research is a kind of research that stresses participation and action.

12 . Question

Which one among the following statement is true in the context of the testing of hypotheses?

• It is only the alternative hypotheses that can be tested.
• It is only the null hypotheses that can be tested.
• Both the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested.
• Both the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested.

It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested.

Explanation:  Hypotheses testing evaluates its plausibility by using sample data.

13 . Question

What are the conditions in which Type-I error occurs?

• The null hypotheses get accepted even if it is false
• The null hypotheses get rejected even if it is true
• Both the null hypotheses as well as alternative hypotheses are rejected
• None of the above

Explanation:  The Type-I Error can be defined as the first kind of error.

14 . Question

Research and Development become the index of development of the country. Which of the following reasons are true with regards to this statement?

• R & D targets human development
• R & D can enhance people's standard of living in the country
• R & D reflects the actual economic and social conditions being prevailed in the country
• All the above

All of the above.

Explanation:  No explanation.

15 . Question

What does the longitudinal research approach actually deal with?

• Long-term research
• Short-term research
• Horizontal research

Explanation:  In general, the longitudinal approach is long-term research in which the researchers keep on examining similar individuals to detect if any change has occurred over a while.

16 . Question

What do you understand by the term “Anusandhan”?

• Goal-oriented
• Following an aim
• Attaining an aim
• Praying to achieve an aim

17 . Question

Evaluation Research is concerned with __________

• How well are we doing?
• Why are we doing?
• What are we doing?

Explanation:  Instead of focusing on the process, the evaluation research measures the consequences of the process, for example, if the objectives are met or not.

18 . Question

Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research?

• Research is not passive
• Research is systematic
• Research is not a problem-oriented
• Research is not a process

Explanation:  Research is an inspired and systematic work that is undertaken by the researchers to intensify expertise.

1) Who was the author of the book named “Methods in Social Research”?

Hide Answer Workspace

Answer:  c) Goode and Halt

Explanation:  The book named “Methods in Social Research” was authored by Goode and Hatt on Dec 01, 1952, which was specifically aimed to improve student’s knowledge as well as response skills.

2) What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis?

Answer:  a) Association among variables

Explanation:  Mainly the correlational analysis focus on finding the association between one or more quantitative independent variables and one or more quantitative dependent variables.

3) What is the name of the conceptual framework in which the research is carried out?

Answer:  d) Research design

Explanation:  A conceptual framework can be understood as a Research design that you require before research.

4) What is the main role of research in education?

• To upsurge one’s social status.
• To increase one’s job prospects.
• To augment one’s personal growth.

Answer:  d) To help an applicant in becoming a renowned educationalist

Explanation:  Educational research can be defined as an assurance for reviewing and improving educational practice, which will result in becoming a renowned educationalist.

5) Which of the following features are considered as critical in qualitative research?

• Collecting data with the help of standardized research tools.
• Design sampling with probability sample techniques.
• Gathering data with top-down schematic evidence.

Answer:  c) Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.

Explanation:  In qualitative research, we use an inductive methodology that starts from particular to general. In other words, we study society from the bottom, then move upward to make the theories.

6) How is random sampling helpful?

Answer:  d) All of the above

Explanation:  In random sampling, for each element of the set, there exist a possibility to get selected.

7) A research intends to explore the result of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study?

Answer:  c) Ex-post facto method

Explanation:  Mainly in the ex-post facto method, the existing groups with qualities are compared on some dependent variable. It is also known as quasi-experimental for the fact that instead of randomly assigning the subjects, they are grouped on the basis of a particular characteristic or trait.

8) Tippit table refers to as _________

Explanation:  Tippit table was first published by L.H.C Tippett in 1927.

9) In order to pursue the research, which of the following is priorly required?

Answer:  b) Formulating a research question

Explanation:  Before starting with research, it is necessary to have a research question or a topic because once the problem is identified, then we can decide the research design.

10) The format of thesis writing is the same as in

Answer:  c) A research dissertation

Explanation:  The format of thesis writing is similar to that of a research dissertation, or we can simply say that dissertation is another word for a thesis.

11) Which one among the following statements is false in the context of participatory research?

Answer:  d) Its sole purpose is the production of knowledge

Explanation:  Participatory action research is a kind of research that stresses participation and action.

12) Which one among the following statement is true in the context of the testing of hypotheses?

Answer:  b) It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested.

Explanation:  Hypotheses testing evaluates its plausibility by using sample data.

13) What are the conditions in which Type-I error occurs?

Answer:  b) The null hypotheses get rejected even if it is true

Explanation:  The Type-I Error can be defined as the first kind of error.

14) Research and Development become the index of development of the country. Which of the following reasons are true with regards to this statement?

• R&D targets human development
• R&D can enhance people’s standard of living in the country
• R&D reflects the actual economic and social conditions being prevailed in the country

Answer:  d) All of the above.

Explanation:  No explanation.

15) What does the longitudinal research approach actually deal with?

Answer:  a) Long-term research

Explanation:  In general, the longitudinal approach is long-term research in which the researchers keep on examining similar individuals to detect if any change has occurred over a while.

16) What do you understand by the term “Anusandhan”?

Answer:  b) Following an aim

17) Evaluation Research is concerned with __________

Answer:  a) How well are we doing?

Explanation:  Instead of focusing on the process, the evaluation research measures the consequences of the process, for example, if the objectives are met or not.

18) Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research?

Answer:  d) Research is not a process

Explanation:  Research is an inspired and systematic work that is undertaken by the researchers to intensify expertise.

19) Which of the following options are the main tasks of research in modern society?

• To learn new things
• To keep pace with the advancement in knowledge
• To systematically examine and critically analyze the investigations/sources with the objective

20) What is the main aim of interdisciplinary research?

• To over simplify the problem of research
• To bring out the holistic approach to research
• To create a new trend in research methodology
• To reduce the emphasis on a single subject in the research domain

Answer:  b) To bring out the holistic approach to research

Explanation:  Particularly in interdisciplinary research, it combines two or more hypothetical disciplines into one activity.

21) The main aim of the scientific method in the research field is to _________

• Improve data interpretation
• Confirm triangulation
• Introduce new variables
• Eliminate spurious relations

Answer:  d) Eliminate spurious relations

Explanation:  Scientific research aims to build knowledge by hypothesizing new theories and discovering laws.

22) A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. So, what tool should he prefer for the study?

• Rating Scale
• Questionnaire

Answer:  c) Questionnaire

Explanation:  Since it is an urban area, so there is a probability of literacy amongst a greater number of people. Also, there would be numerous questions over the ruling period of a political party, which cannot be simply answered by rating. The rating can only be considered if any political party has done some work, which is why the Questionnaire is used.

23) The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other situations?

• Casual Comparative Research
• Historical Research
• Descriptive Research
• Experimental Research

Answer:  b) Historical Research

Explanation:  One cannot generalize historical research in the USA, which has been done in India.

24) How to judge the depth of any research?

• By research title
• By research duration
• By research objectives
• By total expenditure on research

Answer:  c) By research objectives

Explanation:  Research objectives concisely demonstrate what we are trying to achieve through the research.

25) Who can successfully conduct Research?

• Someone who is a hard worker
• Possesses post-graduation degree
• Has studied research methodology
• Possesses thinking and reasoning ability

Answer:  c) Has studied research methodology

Explanation:  Anyone who has studied the research methodology can undergo the research.

26) Which of the following is not the method of Research?

• Observation
• Philosophical

Answer:  c) Observation

Explanation:  Mainly the research method comprises strategies, processes or techniques that are being utilized to collect the data or evidence so as to reveal new information or create a better understanding of a topic.

27) A research problem is feasible only when

• It has utility and relevance
• It is new and adds something to knowledge
• It is researchable

Explanation:  A research problem can be defined as a statement about the area of interest, a condition that is required to be improved, a difficulty that has to be eradicated, or any disquieting question existing in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to be solved.

28) Circle graphs are used to show

• How is one part related to other parts?
• How various sections share in the whole?
• How is one whole related to another whole?
• How are various parts related to the whole?

Answer:  d) How are various parts related to the whole?

Explanation:  A circle graph helps in visualizing information as well as the data.

29) Authenticity of a research finding is its

• Objectivity
• Originality

Answer:  b) Objectivity

30) Which one is called non-probability sampling?

• Quota sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Systematic sampling
• Stratified random sampling

Answer:  a) Quota sampling

Explanation:  In non-probability sampling, all the members do not get an equal opportunity to participate in the study.

31) What does a good thesis involve?

a) Reducing punctuations as well as grammatical errors to minimalist b) Correct reference citations c) Consistency in the way of thesis writing d) Well defined abstract

Select the answers from the codes given below:

• b), c) and d)
• a), b), c) and d)
• a), b) and c)
• a), b) and d)

Answer:  B. a), b), c) and d)

Explanation:  All of the above.

32) Which one among the following statements is correct in context to research?

a) Research refers to a series of systematic activity or activities undertaken to find out the solution to a problem. b) It is a systematic, logical and unbiased process wherein verification of hypotheses, data analysis, interpretation and formation of principles can be done. c) It is an intellectual inquiry or quest towards truth, d) It enhances knowledge.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

• a), c) and d)

Answer:  A. a), b), c) and d)

33) On what basis did Jean Piaget give his theory of cognitive development of humans?

• Evaluation Research
• Fundamental Research
• Applied Research
• Action Research

Answer:  b) Fundamental Research

Explanation:  Jean Piaget, in his cognitive-developmental theory, proposed the idea that children can actively construct knowledge simply by exploring and manipulating the world around them.

34) What are the core elements of a dissertation?

• Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations
• Executive Summary; Literature Review; Data Gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography
• Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References

Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusions

Answer:  d) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusions

Explanation:  The core elements of the dissertation are as follows:

35) “Sampling Cases” can be defined as

• Sampling using a sampling frame
• Identifying people who are suitable for research
• Literally the researcher’s brief case
• A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.

Answer:  d) A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.

Explanation:  In general, sampling in case study research involves decisions made by the researchers regarding the strategies of sampling, the number of case studies, and the definition of the unit of analysis.

36) Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?

• Systematic Sampling Technique
• Purposive Sampling Technique
• Area Sampling Technique

Answer:  a) Systematic Sampling Technique

Explanation:  Systematic sampling can be understood as a probability sampling method in which the members of the population are selected by the researchers at a regular interval.

37) Research problem is selected from the standpoint of

• Social relevance
• Financial support
• Researcher’s interest
• Availability of relevant literature

Answer:  a) Social relevance

38) The F-test:

• Is essentially a two-tailed test.
• Is essentially a one-tailed test.
• Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses.
• Can never be one tailed test.

Answer:  c) Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses

Explanation:  An F-test corresponds to a statistical test in which the test statistic has an F-distribution under the null hypothesis.

39) Which one among the following is the most comprehensive source of population data?

• National Sample Surveys
• Demographic Health Surveys
• National Family Health Surveys

Answer:  a) Census

Explanation:  Census is an official survey that keeps track of the population data.

40) The process not needed in experimental research is

• Controlling
• Reference collection
• Manipulation and replication

Answer:  b) Observation

41) What are those conditions where a research problem is not viable?

• It can be researched
• It contains dependent and independent variables

Answer:  d) It contains dependent and independent variables

Explanation:  A research problem can be defined as a statement about the concerned area, a condition needed to be improved, a difficulty that has to be eliminated, or a troubling question existing in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice pointing towards the need of delivering a deliberate investigation.

42) How can we enhance the research objective?

• By making it more valid
• By making it more reliable
• By making it more impartial

Explanation:  The research objectives must be concisely described before starting the research as it illustrates what we are going to achieve as an end result after the accomplishment.

43) Action-research can be understood as ___________

• A longitudinal research
• An applied research
• A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem

Answer:  c) A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem

Explanation:  In general, action research is termed as a philosophy or a research methodology, which is implemented in social sciences.

44) On what basis can one formulate the assumptions?

• The cultural background of the country
• Universities
• Some specific characteristics of castes

Answer:  a) The cultural background of the country

Explanation:  An assumption can be identified as an unexamined belief, which we contemplate without even comprehending it. Also, the conclusions that we draw are often based on assumptions.

45) Which one among the following falls under the category of research development?

• Philosophical Research

46) What is the use of Factorial Analysis?

• For setting the hypotheses
• To understand the difference between two variables
• To understand the relationship between two variables
• To understand the difference between various variables

Answer:  b) To understand the difference between two variables

Explanation:  Factor analysis can be understood as a statistical method that defines the variability between two variables in terms of factors, which are nothing but unobserved variables.

47) What is the best-suited name for a process that doesn’t necessitate experimental research?

• Manipulation
• Content analysis

Answer:  a) Manipulation

Explanation:  In an experimental research design, whenever the independent variables (i.e., treatment variables or factors) decisively get altered by researchers, then that process is termed as an experimental manipulation.

48) Which one among the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?

• Numerical Aptitude
• Marital Status
• Socio-economic Status
• Professional Attitude

Answer:  d) Professional Attitude

Explanation:  A professional attitude is an ability that inclines you to manage your time, portray a leadership quality, make you self-determined and persistent.

49) The “Sociogram” technique is used to study _________

• Vocational Interest
• Human Relations
• Professional Competence
• Achievement Motivation

Answer:  b) Human Relations

Explanation:  The term sociogram can be defined as a graphical representation of human relation that portrays the social links formed by one particular person.a

50) Which one among the following phrases does not correspond to the meaning of research as a process?

• Problem Solving
• Trial and Error
• Objective Observation
• Systematic Activity

Answer:  c) Objective Observation

Explanation:  The research process comprises classifying, locating, evaluating, and investigating the data, which is required to support your research question, followed by developing and expressing your ideas.

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Research Methodology

Student resources, multiple choice questions.

Research: A Way of Thinking

The Research Process: A Quick Glance

Reviewing the Literature

Formulating a Research Problem

Identifying Variables

Constructing Hypotheses

The Research Design

Selecting a Study Design

Selecting a Method of Data Collection

Collecting Data Using Attitudinal Scales

Establishing the Validity and Reliability of a Research Instrument

Selecting a Sample

Writing a Research Proposal

Considering Ethical Issues in Data Collection

Processing Data

Displaying Data

Writing a Research Report

Research Methodology MCQs With Answers

Methodology could best be described as:

The science of knowing

The science of finding out

The discovery of reality through agreement

The discovery of reality through personal experience

All of the above

Rate this question:

Our attempts to learn about the world we live in come from:

Direct experience

Direct personal inquiry

Which of the following is not an aim to social work research

To produce knowledge for knowledge's sake

To provide practical knowledge to guide social work practice

To provide information needed to alleviate human suffering and promote social welfare

None of the above; all of the above are aims of social work practice

Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding practice effectiveness?

It is safe to assume that well trained social workers will be effective regardless of which interventions they employ

Social work practice consists largely of interventions and procedures that have not yet recieved adequate testing

Knowledge of research methods and knowledge areseparate and unrelated

All of the above are true

None of the above are true

Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding your first job as a professional social worker?

You should disregard agency tradition

You should disregard advice based on authority, even if the authority firgure has a high level of training, credentials and xperiences

You should keep in mind that knowledge based on tradition and authority could be wrong, and seek evidence that might support or challenge that knowledge

None of the above

Scientific evidence should be based on

The teachings of authoritative scientists

Systematic and comprehensive observations

A large and diverse sample of observations

Observations gathered in ways that avoid the influence of reseacher biases

B, c, and d only

Which of the following statements is (are) true about the scientific method

Some things are not open to question

Good studies need not be replicated

All knowledge is considered provisional

All of the aboce

Reviews of research on social work practice effectiveness show that

There are doubts about the effectiveness of social work practice

All reviewers are equally pessimistic about social work practice effectiveness

We can assume that if social workers are well trained, then they will be effective

Social work practice consists of interventins that have been well tested

Both a and b

What is the level of measurement for the the variable, "Number of Presidential Elections In Which Respondent Voted in Entire Lite', measured by the number the respondent reports?

What is the level of measurement for the variable, "political ideology", measured as "very conservative","conservative", "moderate","liberal" and "very liberal', what is level of measurement for the variable "political party affiliation', with values "democrat", "independent'; "republican" or "green', what is the level of measurement for the variable "political ideology scale', measured on a scale of 6-24, where 6=very conservative and 24=very liberal, which of the following is a nominal variable.

Employment status

Not enough information to know

Professor Chaos developed a new IQ test measure and claims a score of 180 is considered twice as intelligent as a score of 0; and a score of 90 is three times higher han a score of 30. This scale treats IQ as:

A nominal variable

A interval variable

A ratio variable

An ordinal variable

Professor Coreybantic measured the variable "feelings toward national health care insurance" with categories, "strongly agree", "agree", "indifferent", "disagree", and strongly disagree". This Professor was using the          measurement level

Not enough information to determine

The variable "educational level" was measures as last year in school completed (that is, "none, 1st, 2"d, 3rd, and so on).        It is herefore measured at what level:

What is the lowest level of measurement in which there is an exact difference between attribute and values:, what is the highest level of measurement in which there is an exact difference between attribute and values:, dr howard found that 95of the people in his neighborhood sample have contracted hiv/aids through sexual interaction. if he concludes that all hiv/aids patients are contracted hiv/aids through sexual activities, he would have committed:.

The error of overgeneralization

The error of selective observation

The error of illogical reasoning

The error of inaccurate observation

A social worker invents a new treatment procedure. She became famous, rich and got a large group of followers. Two studies evaluate her new therapy. One is scientifically  weak in its design and concludes that the therapy  is extremely effective. The other  study is scientifically  strong in its design but concludes that the therapy  is not effective  at all. She wrote a letter  to the editor  of the journal.  In her letter  she severely criticized the second study's authors and praised the other ones. What is involved in this debate a) b)  c) d)  e)

Overgeneralization

Ego-involvement in understanding

Premature closure of inquiry

Made up information

Mystification

According to the scientific method, all knowledge should be:

Provisional

Subject to refutation

Based on evidence supported by objective observations

Which of the following  statements is (are true) about the scientific method:

Some things are not open to questions

Good studies need not to be replicated

None of the above is true

Before selecting his study participants, a researcher meets with a large group of adults and their children. He tells them about his research: its objectives, potential implications, and the benefits and risk for the people who would accept to participate  as subjects. What should he do when the parents as well as the youths agree to participate  in the research?

Make the youth and adult promise they keep confidentiality

Make the youths and adults sign a consent contract.

Make the youths sign an assent form

Make the adults sign a consent form

Practitioners engaged in evidence based practice will              ·

Be critical thinkers

Track down evidence as an ongoing lifelong part of their practice

Question things that are based on tradition or authority

Think for themselves as to the logic and evidence supporting what others may convey as practice wisdom

Evidence based practice questions should

Incorporate client characteristics.

Always inquire about only one specific intervention.

Never be altered in light of the evidence emerging in one's literature search

Always specify at least two alternative interventions in advance

Evidence about practice effectiveness will

Always be conclusive

Sometimes indicate what actions not to take.

Usually indicate what is effective with client or situation.

Will point toward taking an action that the client is certain to want

Conceptualization is: A- B- C-

Process of moving from vague to ideas about what you want to study to being able to recognize and measure what you want to study.

Develop specific research procedures that will result in empirical observations of things that represent those concepts in the real world.

Refining and specifying abstracts concepts.

Level of salary is considered what  type  of measurement

What is the saturation point, list these 4 research designs from  lowest  to highest: exploratory, explanatory, descriptive, experimental, a research technique that  emphasize precise, objective, and generalizable findings is.

Qualitative analysis

Quantitative analysis

Qualitative research method

Quantitative research method

To say that social science research and findings are "provisional" means that: A- B- C-D- E-

Researchers attempt to remove their biases and values from the process.

A theory has been proposed but hypotheses derived from it have not been tested.

The Cavaliers reign control over the Eastern Conference.

Research conclusions are always accepted as tentative and subject to change/review.

Procedures used by researchers are organized, methodical, and recognized by other researchers.

If someone said the more they work the less time they have to spend their money would be an example of A-8- C-

A negative directional hypothesis

A non-directional hypothesis

A null hypothesis

A positive directional hypothesis

Reasoning that involves inferring something about a whole group or class of objects from a knowledge of only a few members of that group is called:

Inductive reasoning

Nomothetic reasoning

Idiographic reasoning

Deductive reasoning

If an increase in alcohol leads to an increase in risk-taking score but another variable like sexual activity also contributes to risk-taking score sexual activity is a/an

Extraneous variable

Control variable

Independent variable

Dependent variable

If we predict that an intervention will be effective among females and not males gender is the

If a researchers  attempts to do research on the iq of adults iq is what type of measurement, the hawthorne effect in observational research refers to:.

Observers reacting to the behavior they observe and introducing bias into the measurements.

People behaving differently because they are being observed.

Statistical artifacts that commonly arise in analyzing observational data.

People refusing to let observers make recordings of their behavior.

A scale that  helps change words into numbers is called?

Likert Scale

Chronbach Alpha Scale

Sliding Scale

Word-to-Number Scale

Doing research on research or taking several other research articles and analyzing them to see how the findings are related is an example of what type of data collection?

Content analysis

Meta analysis

Secndary analysis

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Research Methodology MCQ with Answers

Research methodology mcq.

Basic and Advanced Level Research Methodology MCQ with Answer Key for the Preparation of  Competitive Examinations in Biology / Life Sciences such as CSIR NET   | ICMR JRF   | DBT BET JRF | GATE (XL)   | GATE (BT) |   ICAR ARS NET | SET and SLET | CUCET |   University PG Entrance | TIFR GS-Biology   | JAM | GRE-Biology   | NEET   | Medical Entrance | University Research (Ph.D) Entrance | Biology Olympiad   |   PSC | UPSC etc.

You may also like : Research Methodology Notes    |    Research Methodology PPT

Research Methodology MCQ

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