kickstarter case study strategic management

Online crowd-funding strategy: a game-theoretical approach to a Kickstarter case study

• S.I.: Business Analytics and Operations Research
• Published: 27 November 2020
• Volume 315 , pages 1019–1036, ( 2022 )

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• Nafisa Mahbub   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-3107 1 ,
• Anh Le 1 &
• Jun Zhuang   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4830-6570 1  

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There are many factors that can inhibit the potential of promising projects from being completely funded in crowd-funding campaigns. In order to study this, a game-theoretical model is constructed to display irrational fear and help creators maximize their chances of facilitating a successful campaign. This research shows that once irrational fear is modeled along with the strategies associated with the design of the reward system, the total pledged amount for a project can be predicted in order to scheme their strategies based on the situation. For simplicity and consistency, the model is based on Kickstarter funding campaigns of physical products that are used as rewards for support. This paper discusses the influence of potential strategies for increasing the total pledge, such as modeling irrational fear and limiting rewards.

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Mahbub, N., Le, A. & Zhuang, J. Online crowd-funding strategy: a game-theoretical approach to a Kickstarter case study. Ann Oper Res 315 , 1019–1036 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03857-5

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Accepted : 31 October 2020

Published : 27 November 2020

Issue Date : August 2022

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03857-5

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Crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns description.

Crowdfunding is considered an alternative to traditional angel and venture capital funding that has helped get many business ventures off the ground. The basic idea of crowdfunding centers on pitching a business idea to a large group of people and seeking financial support. Although crowdfunding has existed for hundreds of years, it has recently gone to online platforms. The most successful platforms to date have been Kickstarter and Indiegogo, which have helped many ventures raise initial funding. This case is concerned with two different startups, one started by a twin sister duo (Marla and Annie) and the other by a Babson College student (Hanson). Enerchi Bites is a startup featuring a new food product that was developed out of a passion for fitness and yoga. Identical twin sisters (Marla and Annie Feldman) started experimenting with different combinations of foods with a chia-seed base. Once they had developed three different flavors, they began distributing their products at various yoga conventions. They quickly built some buzz about their new products and were faced with the problem of scaling their new venture. They decided to try a Kickstarter campaign where they would attempt to raise $10,000. They figured this was the amount they needed to help scale up their operations. After the completion of the Kickstarter campaign, the sisters found the final results disappointing as they netted only about $5,000 after expenses from advertising and the rewards that were due to the campaign backers. Think Board is the creation of a Babson student, Hanson Grant. This business venture was born out of one of Hanson's earlier ideas. He had created white board t-shirts. He found that the t-shirt idea was not going to work and was thinking through how to use this to his advantage until his friends connected the dots for him. If he put pieces of the material together, he ended up with an oversized dry-erase board that could be printed to feature any pattern. With the interest from his friends, Hanson thought that he could use Kickstarter to gauge the market and the opportunity. He planned to raise $10,000, but his intent was more focused on marketing his new product. He successfully raised the money and more important than that, his focused marketing paid off as he was contacted by a news station to give an interview. The publicity made the campaign worthwhile for Hanson.

Case Description Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

Strategic managment tools used in case study analysis of crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns, step 1. problem identification in crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 2. external environment analysis - pestel / pest / step analysis of crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 3. industry specific / porter five forces analysis of crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 4. evaluating alternatives / swot analysis of crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 5. porter value chain analysis / vrio / vrin analysis crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 6. recommendations crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, step 7. basis of recommendations for crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study, quality & on time delivery.

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Case Analysis of Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns is a Harvard Business (HBR) Case Study on Innovation & Entrepreneurship , Texas Business School provides HBR case study assignment help for just $9. Texas Business School(TBS) case study solution is based on HBR Case Study Method framework, TBS expertise & global insights. Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns is designed and drafted in a manner to allow the HBR case study reader to analyze a real-world problem by putting reader into the position of the decision maker. Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study will help professionals, MBA, EMBA, and leaders to develop a broad and clear understanding of casecategory challenges. Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns will also provide insight into areas such as – wordlist , strategy, leadership, sales and marketing, and negotiations.

Case Study Solutions Background Work

Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study solution is focused on solving the strategic and operational challenges the protagonist of the case is facing. The challenges involve – evaluation of strategic options, key role of Innovation & Entrepreneurship, leadership qualities of the protagonist, and dynamics of the external environment. The challenge in front of the protagonist, of Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns, is to not only build a competitive position of the organization but also to sustain it over a period of time.

Strategic Management Tools Used in Case Study Solution

The Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study solution requires the MBA, EMBA, executive, professional to have a deep understanding of various strategic management tools such as SWOT Analysis, PESTEL Analysis / PEST Analysis / STEP Analysis, Porter Five Forces Analysis, Go To Market Strategy, BCG Matrix Analysis, Porter Value Chain Analysis, Ansoff Matrix Analysis, VRIO / VRIN and Marketing Mix Analysis.

Texas Business School Approach to Innovation & Entrepreneurship Solutions

In the Texas Business School, Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study solution – following strategic tools are used - SWOT Analysis, PESTEL Analysis / PEST Analysis / STEP Analysis, Porter Five Forces Analysis, Go To Market Strategy, BCG Matrix Analysis, Porter Value Chain Analysis, Ansoff Matrix Analysis, VRIO / VRIN and Marketing Mix Analysis. We have additionally used the concept of supply chain management and leadership framework to build a comprehensive case study solution for the case – Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

Step 1 – Problem Identification of Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns - Harvard Business School Case Study

The first step to solve HBR Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study solution is to identify the problem present in the case. The problem statement of the case is provided in the beginning of the case where the protagonist is contemplating various options in the face of numerous challenges that Kickstarter Hanson is facing right now. Even though the problem statement is essentially – “Innovation & Entrepreneurship” challenge but it has impacted by others factors such as communication in the organization, uncertainty in the external environment, leadership in Kickstarter Hanson, style of leadership and organization structure, marketing and sales, organizational behavior, strategy, internal politics, stakeholders priorities and more.

Step 2 – External Environment Analysis

Texas Business School approach of case study analysis – Conclusion, Reasons, Evidences - provides a framework to analyze every HBR case study. It requires conducting robust external environmental analysis to decipher evidences for the reasons presented in the Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns. The external environment analysis of Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns will ensure that we are keeping a tab on the macro-environment factors that are directly and indirectly impacting the business of the firm.

What is PESTEL Analysis? Briefly Explained

PESTEL stands for political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors that impact the external environment of firm in Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study. PESTEL analysis of " Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns" can help us understand why the organization is performing badly, what are the factors in the external environment that are impacting the performance of the organization, and how the organization can either manage or mitigate the impact of these external factors.

How to do PESTEL / PEST / STEP Analysis? What are the components of PESTEL Analysis?

As mentioned above PESTEL Analysis has six elements – political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal. All the six elements are explained in context with Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns macro-environment and how it impacts the businesses of the firm.

How to do PESTEL Analysis for Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

To do comprehensive PESTEL analysis of case study – Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns , we have researched numerous components under the six factors of PESTEL analysis.

Political Factors that Impact Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

Political factors impact seven key decision making areas – economic environment, socio-cultural environment, rate of innovation & investment in research & development, environmental laws, legal requirements, and acceptance of new technologies.

Government policies have significant impact on the business environment of any country. The firm in “ Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns ” needs to navigate these policy decisions to create either an edge for itself or reduce the negative impact of the policy as far as possible.

Data safety laws – The countries in which Kickstarter Hanson is operating, firms are required to store customer data within the premises of the country. Kickstarter Hanson needs to restructure its IT policies to accommodate these changes. In the EU countries, firms are required to make special provision for privacy issues and other laws.

Competition Regulations – Numerous countries have strong competition laws both regarding the monopoly conditions and day to day fair business practices. Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns has numerous instances where the competition regulations aspects can be scrutinized.

Import restrictions on products – Before entering the new market, Kickstarter Hanson in case study Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns" should look into the import restrictions that may be present in the prospective market.

Export restrictions on products – Apart from direct product export restrictions in field of technology and agriculture, a number of countries also have capital controls. Kickstarter Hanson in case study “ Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns ” should look into these export restrictions policies.

Foreign Direct Investment Policies – Government policies favors local companies over international policies, Kickstarter Hanson in case study “ Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns ” should understand in minute details regarding the Foreign Direct Investment policies of the prospective market.

Corporate Taxes – The rate of taxes is often used by governments to lure foreign direct investments or increase domestic investment in a certain sector. Corporate taxation can be divided into two categories – taxes on profits and taxes on operations. Taxes on profits number is important for companies that already have a sustainable business model, while taxes on operations is far more significant for companies that are looking to set up new plants or operations.

Tariffs – Chekout how much tariffs the firm needs to pay in the “ Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns ” case study. The level of tariffs will determine the viability of the business model that the firm is contemplating. If the tariffs are high then it will be extremely difficult to compete with the local competitors. But if the tariffs are between 5-10% then Kickstarter Hanson can compete against other competitors.

Research and Development Subsidies and Policies – Governments often provide tax breaks and other incentives for companies to innovate in various sectors of priority. Managers at Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns case study have to assess whether their business can benefit from such government assistance and subsidies.

Consumer protection – Different countries have different consumer protection laws. Managers need to clarify not only the consumer protection laws in advance but also legal implications if the firm fails to meet any of them.

Political System and Its Implications – Different political systems have different approach to free market and entrepreneurship. Managers need to assess these factors even before entering the market.

Freedom of Press is critical for fair trade and transparency. Countries where freedom of press is not prevalent there are high chances of both political and commercial corruption.

Corruption level – Kickstarter Hanson needs to assess the level of corruptions both at the official level and at the market level, even before entering a new market. To tackle the menace of corruption – a firm should have a clear SOP that provides managers at each level what to do when they encounter instances of either systematic corruption or bureaucrats looking to take bribes from the firm.

Independence of judiciary – It is critical for fair business practices. If a country doesn’t have independent judiciary then there is no point entry into such a country for business.

Government attitude towards trade unions – Different political systems and government have different attitude towards trade unions and collective bargaining. The firm needs to assess – its comfort dealing with the unions and regulations regarding unions in a given market or industry. If both are on the same page then it makes sense to enter, otherwise it doesn’t.

Economic Factors that Impact Crowdfunding: A Tale of Two Campaigns

Social factors that impact crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns, technological factors that impact crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns, environmental factors that impact crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns, legal factors that impact crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns, step 3 – industry specific analysis, what is porter five forces analysis, step 4 – swot analysis / internal environment analysis, step 5 – porter value chain / vrio / vrin analysis, step 6 – evaluating alternatives & recommendations, step 7 – basis for recommendations, references :: crowdfunding: a tale of two campaigns case study solution.

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Crafting a beautiful kickstarter video.

Crafting a Beautiful Kickstarter Video : A Case Study Approach

Creating a visually appealing Kickstarter video is crucial for capturing the attention of potential backers and setting the stage for a successful crowdfunding campaign. This article delves into the elements that define a beautiful and effective Kickstarter video , supported by case studies that illustrate these principles .

Elements of a Beautiful Kickstarter Video

• Narrative Flow: A captivating story connects emotionally with viewers, illustrating the journey of the project and its impact.
• Relatable Characters: Introducing the team or individuals behind the project makes the campaign more personal and trustworthy.
• Visual Aesthetics: Utilizing high-definition video, well-composed shots, and dynamic editing creates a visually stunning presentation.
• Sound Design : Clear audio , professional voiceovers, and an engaging soundtrack complement the visual content .

Kickstarter Case Study Insights

• Effective Messaging A. Clear Objectives: Successful videos concisely convey the purpose of the campaign and what the project aims to achieve. B. Call to Action: Encouraging viewers to support the project, clearly stating how they can contribute and what rewards they can expect.

5 Kickstarter Video Production Tips

Elevating Your Project: 5 Kickstarter Video Production Tips

Crafting your vision.

Kickstarter campaigns thrive on compelling storytelling and visual appeal, making the video component critical. Creators often face the hurdle of producing a video that not only presents their idea but also emotionally engages the audience, encouraging financial backing. A well-crafted Kickstarter video serves as the heart of the campaign, offering a window into the creator’s passion and the project’s potential.

The Path to Captivating Videos

Modern tools and platforms have simplified the video production process, yet the challenge remains to create content that truly resonates with viewers. Utilizing dynamic storytelling, clear messaging, and high-quality visuals can bridge this gap. A Kickstarter video should encapsulate the essence of the project, making a strong case for its value and viability.

Vision to Reality

Transforming an idea into a captivating visual narrative requires a blend of creativity, strategy, and technical skill. For instance, a tech startup aiming to launch a new gadget can leverage video to demonstrate the product’s unique features and benefits , directly connecting with potential backers. As the marketplace for ideas grows increasingly competitive, the ability to produce an outstanding Kickstarter video becomes pivotal in turning concepts into successful realities.

Strategies for Stellar Kickstarter Videos

• A. Begin with a compelling hook that captures attention within the first few seconds.
• B. Clearly outline the project’s goals, benefits, and the impact it aims to make.

“What is a Priestess? (10 Modern Self-Care Rituals)

“What is a Priestess? Explore 10 Modern Self-Care Rituals from Traditions Around the World).

Tl;dr – A researcher has compiled the “Priestess Encyclopedia, ” detailing all the information on the various goddesses significant to the priestess archetype globally. This 40 page work is comprehensive and explores the roles, powers, and stories of deities. Beings like Aphrodite, Isis, Kali, and others, highlighting their impact on themes such as love, fertility, wisdom, and transformation . The encyclopedia serves as a resource for understanding the historical and cultural context of these goddesses, and providing the modern girl an access point to the unbelievable powers of modern feminine leadership.

This Priestess Encyclopedia serves to help would-be priestesses discover their ancient heritage, and describes which rituals for them to conduct, to help build your influence and see more development development of spiritual practices.

Adapted from an online women’s course –  The way the Priestess

Table of Contents:

Priestesshood, communities, divine duties, rediscovering your true spiritual archetype: who are you as a priestess, crafting an outstanding website for your video production co....

In today’s digital realm, a compelling website acts as the gateway for a video production company to showcase its creativity, talent, and professionalism. Designing an exceptional website is not just about aesthetics; it’s about creating an immersive experience that resonates with potential clients. Below are detailed steps and tips on how to create an outstanding website that captivates visitors and converts them into clients.

Understanding Your Audience

To build a website that resonates with your audience, it’s crucial to deeply understand their needs and preferences. Take time to analyze your potential clients – are they businesses seeking promotional videos, individuals looking for event coverage, or artists searching for music video production? Tailor your website’s design , language, and content to address their specific needs and aspirations.

Specialized Service Pages

Create specialized service pages to showcase specific expertise. For instance, have pages for corporate video production , event coverage, music videos, or animation services. Highlight your team’s skills , past projects, and unique techniques on these pages.

Optimize these pages for search engines by using relevant keywords like “video editing,” “cinematography,” or even technical terms such as JavaScript integration if applicable. By doing so, you offer tailored information to visitors while improving search visibility.

Simple and Engaging Design

What Are The Benefits Of Debt Consolidation?

The Definitive Guide to Case Study Videos

1. understanding case study videos.

Case study videos are a powerful storytelling tool used in marketing and communication strategies to showcase real-life success stories and highlight the positive impact of products, services, or solutions. Unlike traditional promotional videos, case study videos focus on presenting in-depth narratives that feature actual clients or customers and their experiences with a brand’s offerings. These videos typically follow a problem-solution-results structure, allowing viewers to see how challenges were overcome and measurable outcomes achieved. Case study videos aim to build credibility, trust, and authority by presenting tangible evidence of a brand’s capabilities and effectiveness. By highlighting specific use cases and outcomes, case study videos provide potential customers with valuable insights and relatable scenarios, influencing their decision-making process positively.

2. Benefits of Case Study Videos

Top 5 kickstarter videos of all time – #1 kickstarter ....

Watch the Digital Trend 50 Top Kickstarter Video Recaps, – Note that Start Motion Media made some of these!

2023 awards: the best kickstarter videos made.

A kickstarter film should be made by any firm that wishes to reach out to its potential customers and target audience with a message, convey a concept, promote a service, or just demonstrate the company’s overview and capabilities. Companies from all around the world have found success with corporate videography in areas and sectors such as IT, manufacturing, technology, power, education , entertainment, hospitality, healthcare , pharma, auto, engineering, and retail .

A kickstarter video or film should be made by any firm that wishes to reach out to its potential customers and target audience with a message, convey a concept, promote a service, or just demonstrate the companys overview and capabilities. HubSpots corporate film succeeds in its attempt to portray the companys principles and culture by demonstrating everything.

What characteristics distinguish a good corporate film? What are some good business kickstarter video examples? What is the process of video production marketing?

Here are some of the best kickstarter examples, as well as the reasons why we think they work so successfully.

• Risual Corporate Films

• Search Search Search …
• Search Search …

Deviums Dash: Crowdfunding a Venture on Kickstarter

Subjects Covered Entrepreneurship Strategy

by Simon Parker, Ken Mark

Source: Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation

11 pages. Publication Date: Oct 29, 2012. Prod. #: W12288-PDF-ENG

Devium’s Dash: Crowdfunding a Venture on Kickstarter Harvard Case Study Solution and HBR and HBS Case Analysis

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Strategic Management: Text and Cases

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Strategic Management: Text and Cases ,written by authors Dess, McNamara, Eisner, and Sauerwald continues itstradition of being readable, relevant, and rigorous. Its engaging writing styleminimizes jargon to maximize readability. It provides examples frommanagement practice and societal themes including environmental sustainability,ethics, globalization, entrepreneurship, and data analytics to make the contentrelevant. It draws on the latest research by management scholars andinsights from executives to balance accessibility with rigor. 

The authors provide separate chapters on the role of intellectualassets in value creation (Ch. 4), entrepreneurial strategy and competitivedynamics (Ch. 8), and fostering entrepreneurship in established organizations(Ch. 12). This version includes all the text and 38 cases. 

PART 1: STRATEGIC ANALYSIS 

Chapter 1: Strategic Management: Creating Competitive Advantages 

Chapter 2: Analyzing the External Environment of the Firm 

Chapter 3: Assessing the Internal Environment of the Firm 

Chapter 4: Recognizing a Firm’s Intellectual Assets: Moving beyond a Firm’s Tangible Resources 

PART 2: STRATEGIC FORMULATION 

Chapter 5: Business-Level Strategy: Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantages 

Chapter 6: Corporate-Level Strategy: Creating Value through Diversification 

Chapter 7: International Strategy: Creating Value in Global Markets

Chapter 8: Entrepreneurial Strategy and Competitive Dynamics 

PART 3: STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION 

Chapter 9: Strategic Control and Corporate Governance 

Chapter 10: Creating Effective Organizational Designs 

Chapter 11: Strategic Leadership: Creating a Learning Organization and an Ethical Organization 

Chapter 12: Managing Innovation and Fostering Corporate Entrepreneurship 

PART 4: CASE ANALYSIS 

Chapter 13: Analyzing Strategic Management Cases

Cases: 

1. Robin Hood

2. The Global Casino Industry: Emerging from the Pandemic 

3. Theorybridge.com: Making Academic Research Relevant to Practitioners 

4. Dirty Laundry in the Fast Fashion Industry: H&M's Dilemma 

5. Pocket Radar: The Disruptive Innovator in the Sports Radar Gun Market 

6. Haribo and the Gummi Bear Business: A Sticky Situation 

7. Coinbase Global Inc. 

8. Moet Hennessey Louis Vuitton 

9. Southwest Airlines: Can “Luv” Be a Competitive Advantage? 

10. JetBlue in 2022 

11. Emirates Airline 

12. Ford: Traveling Two Roads 

13. General Motors: Plugging In? 

14. Lime: Is E-Bike Sharing the Next Uber? 

15. WW in 2022: Can Weight Watchers Shape Up? 

16. The Boston Beer Company: Competition is Brewing   

17. Heineken 

18. Tata Starbucks: A New Brew for India? 

19. Nintendo: Could the Switch Turn on Gamers? 

20. Apple Inc.: Limits to Growth? 

21. Samsung Electronics 

22. Zynga: Is the Game Over?  

23. Flipkart in the Indian E-Commerce Market 

24. eBay: Still Misunderstood 

25. Alibaba Group: Rivals at the Gate? 

26. Venmo: Better than Cash? 

27. Johnson & Johnson 

28. Procter & Gamble 

29. McDonald's in 2022 

30. United Way Worldwide 

31. Campbell: How to Keep the Soup Simmering 

32. World Wrestling Entertainment in 2022 

33. Microfinance: Going Global . . . and Going Public? 34. Greenwood Resources: A Global Sustainable Venture in the Making 

35. Kickstarter and Crowdfunding 2022 

36. QVC in 2022 

37. Cirque du Soleil in 2022 

38. Walt Disney Company 

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About the Author

Gregory Dess

Gregory G. Dess is the Andrew R. Cecil Endowed Chair in Management at the University of Texas at Dallas. His primary research interests are in strategic management, organization environment relationships, and knowledge management. He has published numerous articles on these subjects in both academic and practitioner-oriented journals. He also serves on the editorial boards of a wide range of practitioner-oriented and academic journals. In August 2000, he was inducted into the Academy of Management Journal  Hall of Fame as one of its charter members. Professor Dess has conducted executive programs in the United States, Europe, Africa, Hong Kong, and Australia. During 1994 he was a Fulbright Scholar in Oporto, Portugal. In 2009, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Bern (Switzerland). He received his PhD in business administration from the University of Washington (Seattle) and a BIE degree from Georgia Tech.

Gerry McNamara

Gerry McNamara is the McConnell Broad Professor of Management at Michigan State University. His research draws on cognitive and behavioral theories to explain strategic phenomena, including strategic decision making, mergers and acquisitions, and environmental assessments. His research has been published in the Academy of Management Journal , the Strategic Management Journal, Organization Science, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , the Journal of Applied Psychology , Personnel Psychology , the Journal of Management , and the Journal of International Business Studies . Gerry’s research has also been abstracted in the Wall Street Journal, Harvard Business Review, New York Times, Bloomberg BusinessWeek , the Economist , and Financial Week . He has served as an associate editor for the Strategic Management Journal and the Academy of Management Journal . He received his PhD from the University of Minnesota.

Alan Eisner

Alan B. Eisner is Dean of the School of Management and Professor of Management at Clark University. He received his PhD in management from the Stern School of Business, New York University. His primary research interests are in strategic management, technology management, organizational learning, and managerial decision making. He has published research articles and cases in journals such as Advances in Strategic Management, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, International Journal of Technology Management, American Business Review, Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management , and Global Journal of Business Pedagogy . He is the former associate editor of the Case Association’s peer-reviewed journal, The CASE Journal.

Steve Sauerwald

Steve Sauerwald is an Associate Professor of Strategic Management in the College of Business at the University of Illinois at Chicago. His research interests focus on corporate governance, strategic leadership, and stakeholder strategy. He pursues this research program in a global setting by examining how institutions surrounding domestic and international firms shape organizational outcomes. His scholarship has been published in journals such as Strategic Management Journal, Organization Science, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Management , and Journal of Management Studies . His research has been covered by Forbes, Harvard Business Review, and BBC. He received his MBA and PhD from the University of Texas at Dallas. He was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Texas at Dallas and a visiting scholar at Free University Berlin.

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